人教新课标版英语高二选修7 Unit2 Robots

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人教新课标版英语高二选修7Unit 2 Robots 同步练习
I. 单项选择
1. The manager is busy at the office; you’d better leave him ________.
A. aside
C. out
B. alone
D. behind
答案：B
解析：leave sb. alone不打扰某人或别管某人，leave…aside搁置，不考虑；leave…out省略，遗漏，删去；leave…behind忘带，留下，丢弃。根据句意：经理正在办公室忙，你最好不要打扰他。故选B。
点评：该题主要考查了动词短语的固定搭配。注意牢记。
2. Many applicants stood outside the manager’s office, nervously waiting _________ for the job.
A. to choose
B. being chosen
C. choosing
D. to be chosen
答案：D
解析：根据句意:等待被选择，所以应用被动语态。动词不定式做非谓语动词，表示将要发生的动作。故选D。
点评：本题考查了非谓语动词和被动语态。动词的现在分词，动词的过去分词，动词的不定式可以用作非谓语动词。现在分词表示动作正在进行，过去分词表示动作已经完成，动词的不定式表示将要发生的动作。被动语态的结构是:主语 +be +done。
3.Try to ________ at least an hour each day for learning new vocabulary.
A. set off
B. set out
C. set aside
D. set down
答案：C
解析：set off 出发，动身，使爆炸；set out 出发，动身，着手；set aside 节省，留出；set down 定居。根据句意：尽力每天至少留出一个小时学习新词汇。故选C。
点评：该题主要考查了动词短语的固定搭配。注意牢记。
4. There are______to be changes when the new education system is introduced.
A. necessary
B. easy
C. bound
D. probably
答案：C
解析：根据句意：当这一新的教育制度被引进后，一定会有变化。be bound to do sth. 一定做某事，为固定搭配。
点评：该题主要考查了动词短语的固定搭配。注意牢记。
5.After a whole afternoon’s heated discussion, they finally ________ to us what had been decided.
A. told
B. declared
C. stated
D. made
答案：B
解析：根据句意：经过一个下午热烈的讨论之后，他们向我们宣布所决定的事情。declare to sb. 意为“向某人宣布”。
点评：该题主要考查了动词短语的固定搭配。注意牢记。
6.Was it near the white building, if I may ask, ________ Martin Luther King gave a speech “I have a dream”
A. where
B. that
C. why
D. in which
答案：B
解析：此句在考查强调句式：It is / was that。被强调的部分是near the white building。
点评：该题主要考查了强调句型It is / was that，that不可省略。
7. She felt ______ about wearing the improper garment in the party.
A. embarrassing
B. embarrass
C. to embarrass
D. embarrassed
答案：D
解析：feel在此处用作系动词，后应跟形容词作表语。embarrassing令人难看的；embarrassed“窘迫的，尴尬的”。依据语境应选D。
点评：该题主要考查了ing形容词和ed形容词的区别。ing修饰物，ed修饰人。
8.Tomorrow he is to_________a group of American artists on a tour of the city.
A. associate
B. cooperate
C. accompany
D. coordinate
答案：C
解析：根据句意：明天他将陪同一组美国艺术家参观这座城市。accompany 陪伴，符合题意。associate 联系；cooperate 合作；coordinate 协调。故选C。
点评：该题主要考查了动词的词义辨析。需要牢记单词的含义。
9.Tom thought it was an honor ___________ to speak in the ceremony.
A. to invite
B. to be invited
C. inviting
D. having invited
答案：B
解析：it在宾语从句中作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语；不定式和主句的主语存在着被动关系，因此不定式应用被动语态。故选B。
点评：本题考查了it作形式主语，动词不定式做真正的主语。不定式和主句的主语存在着被动关系。被动语态的结构是:主语 +be +done。
10.In 1939, Hitler ________ war against Poland, which started the Second World War.
A. announced
B. broadcast
C. declared
D. advertised
答案：C
解析：declare war on/against 是固定短语“向…宣战”；符合句意。broadcast广播；announce通知；advertise做广告。
点评：本题考查了动词短语的固定搭配。需要牢记。
11. I still remember ________ to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.
A. to take
B. taking
C. to be taken
D. being taken
答案：D
解析：remember to do sth.记着去做某事；remember doing sth.记着做过某事。根据句意：我仍然记得被带到Famen庙以及我在那儿所见到的东西。故选D。
点评：本题考查了动词短语的固定搭配。需要牢记。
12. We are not ready to go into production yet.The new switch mechanism isn't fully__________.
A. worked out
B. left out
C. turned out
D. tested out
答案：D
解析：考查动词短语辨析。根据句意：我们尚未准备好投入生产。新的开关装置还没有完全检验好。work out 解决，计算出；turn out 证明是，结果是；leave out 遗漏，省略；test out 检验，试验。
点评：本题考查了动词短语的固定搭配。需要牢记。
13. —Have you read today’s report about your performance
—I don’t care what ________ about me.
A. will be written
B. wrote
C. writes
D. is written
答案：D
解析：根据语意可知，what与write之间是动宾关系，故应用被动语态，由此可以排除B、C两项；另外，“我不关注关于我的报道”是对答话人观点的客观陈述，应用一般现在时。因此，D项正确。
点评：本题考查了一般现在时的被动语态，其结构是：主语 +be +done。
14. People have been complaining about SK-II recently and think the advertisements always persuade people _________ the products which are not so good.
A. buy
B. to buy
C. buying
D. bought
答案：B
解析：说服某人做某事的表达法有：persuade sb into doing 或persuade sb to do sth。故选B。
点评：本题考查了动词短语的固定搭配。需要牢记。
15.I came home very late last night，__________，early this morning.
A. at the latest
B. in a word
C. on the whole
D. or rather
答案：D
解析：考查短语辨析。or rather 或者，不如说。句意：我昨晚回家很晚，或者不如说是今天一早。
点评：本题考查了短语的固定搭配。需要牢记。
II.完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从21-40各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳答案。
We live a life surrounded by robots. Nearly every robot has been made in some way16up to a certain level or temperature. The machine will wait for “feedback” about the water 17or temperature before it begins the washing cycle. In this way, a washing machine has been patterned after humans. We depend on18from our five senses to find out what is happening around us and then make decisions about our actions.
Of course, some machines perform functions like humans, but much19than we do, such as calculators. A pocket calculator works faster than a human, never makes mistakes, and doesn’t get 20or bored.
Other robots are very similar to humans in their ability21new things. In factories, robots can learn to do many different tasks, as they are shown by a human operator. For example, in a car factory, a person will guide a robot’s “arm” and “22” through the steps of the new job. The robot’s electronic “brain” will23 the information away, memorizing the steps so the next time it 24can repeat the movementswithout a human operator. When the robot must be moved to a new job, its memory is 25so it is ready to learn the next job. Of course, at any time if there is anything 26in the process, different from the original task, the robot cannot27 with it. It will signal for an engineer to come for repairs.
Some robots are considered very intelligent because they have more human abilities than others, such as “seeing”28 cameras for eyes or “feeling” with metal fingers that can29shapes and even temperatures. However, no machine has 30been able to copy the complexity of the simplest, most common person.
16.A. similar B. familiar C. sensitive D. different
17.A. depth B. level C. fullness D. warning
18.A. feelings B. touch C. feedback D. response
19.A. faster B. more slowly C. worse D. better
20.A. tiring B. exciting C. excited D. tired
21.A. of learning B. to learn C. to copy D. to memorize
22.A. hand B. body C. elbow D. brain
23.A. take B. put C. store D. give
24.A. correct B. similar C. same D. different
25.A. erased B. refreshed C. kept D. stored
26.A. usual B. unusual C. wrong D. strange
27.A. do B. deal C. stay D. solve
28.A. in B. by C. with D. from
29.A. see B. sense C. know D. predict
30.A. already B. never C. even D. ever
答案：16—20ABCDD 21—25 BACCA 26—30 BBCBD
解析：
16.本篇4个自然段，第1段的第二句、第2、3、4段的首句都是主题句，这些主题句表明了机器人与人类相似的特性以及可能比人类具有更大的优势、更多的能力等特点。第1、3两段讲述相似性，2、4两段讲述比人类优越之处。所以根据第3段首句可以选出A为正确答案。
17.根据前面一句的level可知答案为B。
18.根据第二空前面的“feedback”选择。
19.根据下面一句的works faster than a human, never makes mistakes可知讲述的是robots的“优势”，排除B项和C项, 选择better修饰前面的动词perform。
20.根据后面的“or”（或者）可知与“bored”为同类词，故选D。
21.根据后面一句的“learn”和下文所举的例子选择“learn”，又根据ability的搭配“the ability to do sth” 故选B。
22.根据前面的“arm and”说明所选的词与“arm”并列。若选B项或C项则与“arm”均有包含关系，而“brain”是储存信息的，也不妥。故选hand，与“arm”并列，arm 和hand共同执行机器人指令。
23.根据文章的中心推知机器人的电子脑与人脑相似，有存储信息的功能。store away意为“存储”；而take away意为“拿走”；put away意为“收拾好”；give away意为“捐赠，泄露”。
24.根据上面提到的“完成任务要由a human operator指引，并且电子脑具备存储功能，所以已经设置好的程序就能重复（repeat）操作”，故选same。
25.根据本空所在的上下文可知“机器人只能执行设置好的程序，如果任务有变，指令也应随着改变”，所以要“learn the next job”，必须先“清除”原先的指令，重新设置新的指令（记忆存储），故只有erased“清除”正确。而refreshed意为“重新想起”；kept和stored意为“保存，存储”。
26.“if there is anything in the process”与后面的“different from the original task”说的是同一层含义，所以强调的是与“原先设置的任务”的“不同”，故选unusual最妥当。
27.deal with意为“处理”；而do sth with sth意为“处理”时常与what疑问句连用，如“I don’t know what to do with all the leftovers.”实际上what作do的宾语；solve为及物动词，后直接跟宾语。
28.根据后面的“or”，说明空格处与“feeling”with metal fingers并列，故选with，表示手段，意为“用”。
29.本句与首段提到的“depend on feedback from our five senses”呼应，又根据空格前面的“seeing”和“feeling”等感官进一步证明B选项正确。
30.文章从开头一直到第14空讲述的都是机器人的优点，本句为结束句，通过 “However”话锋一转，指出机器人的局限性，故排除never，选择ever表示“曾经”。
点评：本题主要考查学生对短语的识记和运用能力，以及对文章的理解能力。通过对文章的理解，选出正确的答案.容易出错的是文章语句的理解和短语的记忆.
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C或D）中，选出最佳选项
A
We all have four to six dreams per night. But why do some people seem to r emember their dreams while others don’t
People who report that they have good dream recollection are more likely, than others who don’t, to have been woken up during a stage of sleep referred to as REM (rapid eye movement). This is the stage of sleep where dreams occur, and if you’re woken up during it you may recall the dream you were having more readily.
Light sleepers who are woken up very easily by the slightest sound tend to report having many more dreams they can remember than heavy sleepers who can nod off during thunder and lightening and do not know they’ve been dreaming at all. Therefore one way to remember your dreams is to set an alarm to go off frequently during the night, as you’ll have more chances of waking during REM sleep. However，doing this exercise regularly will be bad for your sleeping pattern, and may mess with your body clock.
Interestingly, some people have the ability to dream to order, to a degree. If they focus on thinking about remembering their dreams, get a dream journal ready to write in and place it by their bed at night and tell themselves they will write down their dreams upon waking, they’re more likely to actually produce a memorable dream.
Studies have shown us that during dreams we often play out different scenarios (情节) and our brains work out how to deal with them, should they actually occur in waking life. Thus, if you dreamed you lost your car keys and needed to find another way of getting to your destination, this could just be your mind working out what you would do in the future if this happened to you. The reason why people don’t always remember dreams is that it would interfere (干扰) with waking life. An overload of information which may not be necessary could confuse your daily thinking, and lead you to perform less well. However, storing information away in your mental filing system located in your subconscious (潜意识), in case you ever need it, is far more efficient.
31. What can we learn about REM
A. Sleepers are hard to wake up during REM sleep.
B. People who can’t remember their dreams don’t have REM sleep.
C. Both light sleepers and heavy sleepers can experience REM sleep.
D. People who are woken up during REM sleep will forget their dreams.
32. Which group of people are most likely to forget their dreams
A. People who are ready to write a dream journal.
B. People who desire to find a solution in their dreams.
C. People who set an alarm to go off frequently during the night.
D. People who are hard to be disturbed by surrounding sounds during sleep.
33. It is bad for people to remember all of their dreams because________.
A. that will confuse their daily thinking
B. that will make people feel exhausted
C. they will judge everything by sense
D. they will be guided by their dreams
34. From the last sentence, we can infer that________.
A. effective ways need to be developed to fully make use of our dreams
B. people who regularly forget their dreams will never know their mind well
C. scientists will give us much deeper explanations for what our dreams mean
D. those forgotten dreams are stored in our bra in and will be remembered if needed
35. The passage mainly discusses________.
A. how important dreams are to health
B. the reason why people forget their dreams
C. the relationship between one’s dream and sleep
D. different stages of sleep and people’s changes in each one
答案：31—35 CDADB
解析：
31.推理判断题。根据第二、三段内容可知，当人们在REM(快速眼动)睡眠阶段被叫醒时会记住梦的内容，因而觉轻的人比觉重的人更容易回忆起梦境。由此可推断出二者都会经历REM阶段。
32.推理判断题。根据第三段“Therefore one way to remember your dreams is to set an alarm to go off frequently during the night，as you’ll have more chances of waking during REM sleep.”可排除C项；根据第四段“If they focus on thinking about remembering their dreams...they’re more likely to actually produce a memorable dream. ”可知，当人们有意识地想要记住梦境时，通常能如愿，可排除A、B两项；而睡觉时不易被周围声音打扰的人，很少有可能在REM阶段醒来，因而更易忘记梦境。
33.细节理解题。根据最后一段“The reason why people don’t always remember dreams is that it would interfere with waking life.An overload of information which may not be necessary could confuse your daily thinking...”可知，人要是能记住所有的梦境，储存太多不必要的信息，就会干扰其醒着时的生活和思维，因而是有害的。
34.推理判断题。上文讲到人脑储存太多信息是有害的， 因此人们选择性地遗忘一些梦境。根据“However”一词可推测出下文要表达的是，这些被遗忘的梦境不是真的消失了。这些梦境被转存到人的潜意识当中，当人们需要时还是会浮现出来并发挥作用。因此，被遗忘的梦境仍储存在人的大脑中，当需要时会被记起。
35.主旨大意题。根据文章首段可知，本文主要向读者解释了人们为什么会忘记梦的内容。. 点评：该题主要考查了文章的理解和信息的提取,并且也考查了语句的理解,根据题目要求和文章的理解选出正确选项,易错的地方为文章语句的理解和信息的匹配.
B
Exams affect the whole family. As teenagers bury themselves in textbooks, parents have to behave like saints(圣人), ignoring doubts—is he actually studying up there, or just playing online games Forget any practical help around the house. “He’s sitting at the kitchen table reading the TV guide，” says the mother of a 15?year?old boy. “But when I ask if he can take the rubbish out, he looks very angry and says, ‘But I’m revising’．” Chloe, 16, comes from a large family and finds it is hard to revise. “I become angry easily，” Chloe says.“Icamplain to my mum that there’s too much noise and too much mess.”
Beyond these practical considerations, parents are confused about how much they should get involved. Some call for expert help. Others buy lots of practice exam papers. But you may use your skills to spur your children. Anne, 18, admits that the greatest driving force for revision is being in competition with her twin sister. My mother always says my sister is better than me.
Bribery(行贿)is not unknown.“Some parents offer their children material or cash rewards，” says Mike Evans, the author of How To Pass Your Exams. “This may achieve the required result in some cases, but I think it does nothing for the longer?term aim, which I believe is to encourage them to take responsibility for their own personal development.”
“I deal with exam stress all the time，” says an experienced teacher. “Basically, the pupils and I have an agreement to convince the parents that all is going well. Then the parents back off and everything gets better.” Her fantasy solution would keep parents away for six weeks so that they don’t pass on preexam stress to their children.
36. According to the writer, when children study for tests，________.
A. children shouldn’t make parents doubt them
B. children should help with some housework
C. parents should create a peaceful environment
D. parents should bear all their children’s behavior
37. What does the underlined word “ spur” in Paragraph 2 mean
A. Encourage.
B. Punish.
C. Comfort.
D. Educate.
38. What is Mike Evans’s attitude towards parents’ bribing children for better grades
A. Supportive.
B. Opposed.
C. Objective.
D. Unknown.
39. The experienced teacher sent parents away because she________.
A. would like to give parents a great surprise
B. believed children could deal with pressure
C. everything went well in the school
D. didn’t want parents to bring stress to children
40. What is the main idea of the text
A. How to get along well with your children.
B. How to help your children do well at school.
C. Tips for parents to help children prepare for exams.
D. Tips for parents to help children overcome test anxiety.
答案：36—40CABDC
解析：
36.细节理解题。根据第一段“Chloe,16，comes from a large family and finds it is hard to revise.‘I become angry easily，’Chloe says;‘I complain to my mum that there’s too much noise and too much mess.’”可知，家中太吵孩子会无法复习，因此家长应该给备考的孩子提供一个安静的环境。
37.词义猜测题。根据第二段“Anne,18，admits that the greatest driving force for revision is being in competition with her twin sister.My mother always says my sister is better than me.”可知，安妮最大的复习动力是与她姐姐竞争，因为她妈妈总说她不如她姐姐。由此可推知父母可以用技巧去激励孩子。
38.推理判断题。根据第三段“...but I think it does nothing for the longer?term aim，which I believe is to encourage them to take responsibility for their own personal development.”可知，Mike Evans 认为家长为了提高孩子们的成绩而采取贿赂的做法从长期来看是行不通的。由此可推知他对这种做法持反对的态度。
39.细节理解题。根据最后一段“Her fantasy solution would keep parents away for six weeks so that they don’t pass on perexam stress to their children.”可知，这位有经验的教师之所以让家长在孩子们备考时离开，是因为她不想让家长给孩子们带来压力。
40.主旨大意题。本文介绍了在孩子们备考时家长应该注意的事项。
点评：该题主要考查了文章的理解和信息的提取,并且也考查了语句的理解,根据题目要求和文章的理解选出正确选项,易错的地方为文章语句的理解和信息的匹配.
点评：该题主要考查了推理判断题、细节理解题、主旨大意题。题目难度不大，贴近生活。做阅读理解时，一定要认真阅读整篇文章，选择正确选项时，不能主观臆断，一定要做的有理有据。
V. 书面表达：
请根据以下任务说明和写作要求，写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
[任务要求]
你准备参加一个题为“是否应该让机器人干家务”的讨论会，讨论会上你将做一个书面发言。请认真阅读下面短文，然后完成以下任务：
1.概括短文内容要点，该部分的字数大约60—80；
2.就“是否应该让机器人干家务”这一主题谈谈你的看法，至少包含以下的内容要点，该部分的字数大约60—80；
1）.机器人是社会科技进步的表现。
2）.让机器人干家务可以减轻家人的负担。高智能机器人还可以照顾家人。
3）.但使用、维修的成本高；机器人的行动缓慢，不能与人类真正沟通。
4）.机器人 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \t "_blank )的价格昂贵，一般人家负担不起。真正普及还需一段较长的时间。
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答案：
One possible version
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解析：根据提示全面构思文章的内容，并在保证内容要点齐全的同时进行合理而又紧扣主题的发挥。写作步骤可分为：审题，明确文体形式；构思，根据提纲全面构思文章内容，根据内容构思词语和句型结构；写作完稿，根据构思的词语和句型结构，按照合理的顺序和语言要求，连词成文。
点评：提纲作文就是把文章的情景和内容要求分成块，以条目的形式列出。这实际上是对学生思路和文章写作范围所作的明确限定。因此，提纲中锁列举的要点要全部涉及到，一个也不能遗漏。
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