期末模拟测试卷【含答案解析】-2024-2025学年英语八年级下册译林版
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| 名称 | 期末模拟测试卷【含答案解析】-2024-2025学年英语八年级下册译林版 |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2025-06-21 22:49:12 | ||
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
期末模拟测试卷-2024-2025学年英语八年级下册译林版
一、完形填空
Once upon a time, there was an emperor. He liked wonderful singing. He always wanted to find the most beautiful 1 in the world.
Soon, the emperor found a small nightingale. He liked her 2 songs and asked her to sing for him every day. Then they had many great 3 together in the palace.
One day, the emperor got a beautiful wooden nightingale. 4 it was wound up (上发条), it could sing songs. The emperor loved it so much. So the real nightingale left the palace sadly.
One morning, the wooden nightingale 5 broke down. Although the emperor asked many people to 6 it, it still couldn’t work.
After that, the emperor had a terrible 7 . He wanted to hear the real nightingale sing before he died. Surprisingly, the nightingale’s voice came from the window. Her song drove away the 8 and saved the emperor’s life. All his servants felt 9 . The emperor asked the nightingale to stay, but the nightingale flew away.
Sometimes, we only like beautiful things and 10 truly valuable (珍贵的) things. But life will teach us what really matters to us as time goes by.
1．A．bird B．voice C．song
2．A．popular B．amazing C．meaningful
3．A．memories B．discussions C．competitions
4．A．Unless B．Although C．Whenever
5．A．simply B．quickly C．suddenly
6．A．report B．repair C．protect
7．A．dream B．illness C．habit
8．A．death B．cold C．darkness
9．A．unhappy B．uncomfortable C．unbelievable
10．A．give up B．hand out C．depend on
二、单项选择
11．We ________ the science museum last month and learned about space technology.
A．visit B．visited C．will visit D．have visited
12．—________ you ________ The Old Man and the Sea yet
—Yes, it’s about a man’s fight with nature.
A．Have; read B．Did; read C．Will; read D．Do; read
13．They left for Beijing last week and we ________ them so far.
A．don’t hear from B．didn’t hear from C．haven’t heard from D．won’t hear from
14．My parents and I ________ to Dongting Lake last summer.
A．went B．will go C．go D．have gone
15．—________ I hang out with my friends now, Mom
— No, you ________. You should go to finish your homework first.
A．Should; can’t B．Could; can’t C．Could; couldn’t D．Should; mustn’t
16．—Mr. Black will ______ a class meeting this Friday afternoon.
—Really I’m afraid my parents can’t come.
A．refuse B．organize C．accept D．reply
17．—Are you a soccer player in your school
—Yes, I ________ the team two years ago. I ________ in the team for two years.
A．have joined; have been B．was joined; am
C．joined; was D．joined; have been
18．My cousin had to sell his house, even though it was ______ his wishes.
A．for B．against C．with D．on
19．I think this information isn’t useful. You can ________.
A．cut it out B．cut it down C．cut out it D．cut down it
20．She is ________ to take good care of the baby.
A．enough careful B．careful enough C．enough careless D．careless enough
三、阅读理解
A long time ago, there was an emperor. He had a beautiful garden. In the garden, there was a little nightingale (夜莺) singing beautifully.
One day, the emperor heard about this little bird’s beautiful voice. He asked his guards (卫兵) to bring the bird to him. When the emperor heard the nightingale’s voice, he said, “Put her in a golden cage (笼子), and she can sing for me whenever I want to listen to her.”
The little bird was so unhappy about being kept in the cage that she stopped singing one day. The emperor was very angry. He ordered some people in his palace to make a robot bird for him. The robot bird could sing very beautifully, too. The emperor was glad. Then he set the nightingale free.
Day by day, the robot bird became old. It no longer sang beautiful songs. Just at that time, the emperor was ill and he became very w... One morning, while lying in the bed, the emperor wanted to hear a song once again. But the robot bird couldn’t sing any more. Suddenly, the nightingale landed on the window. She began to sing her most beautiful song. The emperor was very happy! He became better and better each day.
After the emperor was well, he changed a lot and became kind to his people. From then on, all his people cherished (爱戴) him for his love and kindness.
21．What did the emperor like about the nightingale
A．Her sweet voice. B．Her beautiful color.
C．Her lovely shape. D．Her clever mind.
22．What is the proper word in the sentence “Just at that time, the emperor was ill and he became very w…”
A．Whole. B．Wild. C．Wrong. D．Weak.
23．What did the emperor do after he got well
A．He still kept the nightingale in the cage. B．He became kind to his people.
C．He ordered people to make more robot birds. D．He asked the nightingale to leave his palace.
Community Clean-Up Day
On April 22nd, our school organized a community clean-up day. Over 150 students and teachers picked up litter in the park, cleaned public benches, and painted recycling bins.
Group 1 worked near the lake, removing plastic bottles and snack wrappers from the grass. Group 2 cleaned the playground, fixing broken swings and repainting them blue. Group 3 set up new signs to remind people to “Keep the Park Clean”.
“I found a wallet under a tree and returned it to the owner,” said Li Dong. “It felt good to help someone.”
The mayor praised our efforts, saying, “Every small action helps keep our city beautiful.”
24．When was the clean-up day
A．March 12th. B．April 22nd. C．May 1st. D．June 5th.
25．What did Group 2 do
A．Picked up litter. B．Painted bins. C．Cleaned the playground. D．Set up signs.
26．What did Li Dong find
A．A wallet. B．A key. C．A phone. D．A book.
27．Who praised the students
A．The teacher. B．The parent. C．The mayor. D．The shopkeeper.
In Brazil and Indonesia, the number of people living in the rainforest (雨林) is rising, so the rainforest itself is becoming smaller.
During the 20th century, people cut down lots of trees in the rainforest. More and more people in Brazil and Indonesia moved into rainforest areas to find land for living. Local farmers cut down trees to grow crops (庄稼). Large companies (公司) also moved into the rainforest to develop their factories.
The problem is that the area of the rainforest is becoming smaller and smaller. Scientists say that destroying (破坏) the rainforest is harming the earth and should be stopped. But why Rainforest plants help to clean the air. What’s more, different kinds of rainforest plants can be used to produce (生产) useful medicine and may be the key to solving serious problems.
Then how can people in Brazil and Indonesia solve the problem Governments can make some rules to protect their panies can provide jobs elsewhere (在别处), so that fewer people have to live and work in the rainforest. Governments should encourage farmers to plant crops in certain areas, and this helps to stop the soil from being washed away and produce better crops.
Many plants and animals that live in the rainforest can’t be found anywhere else in the world. It is important to make sure that these forests are used well and protected by people.
28．Why is the rainforest becoming smaller in Brazil and Indonesia
A．Because people plant less trees.
B．Because many plants are eaten by animals.
C．Because the bad weather makes the trees die.
D．Because more people move there for land and companies build factories there.
29．What does the underlined word “harming” mean in Paragraph 3
A．Hurting. B．Saving. C．Cleaning. D．Controlling.
30．Which question can help readers know the main idea of Paragraph 4
A．What animals live in the rainforest
B．Why do people move into the rainforest
C．What do rainforest plants look like
D．How can people in Brazil and Indonesia protect the rainforest
31．Which of the following will the writer probably agree with
A．People should move into the rainforest to plant more crops.
B．Companies should build more factories in the rainforest.
C．Companies should offer jobs outside the rainforest areas to protect the rainforest.
D．The area of the rainforest is becoming larger and larger now.
32．What is the best title for the text
A．The Animals in the Rainforest
B．The Factories in Brazil and Indonesia
C．The Ways to Plant Crops in the Rainforest
D．The Problem of the Rainforest and Ways to Solve It
根据短文内容判断对错，对的为“T”，错的为“F”.
This is a sad story of Hamlet, young Prince of Denmark (丹麦). Hamlet’s father was King of Denmark and Hamlet was his only son. The king died while he was sleeping in the garden. He was such a wise and kind king that he was loved by all the people in the nation. His son, Hamlet, of course, loved him far more than anyone else in the world.
Hamlet was so sad that he never stopped wearing black clothes. There was something else which made Hamlet even sadder. His mother married Hamlet’s uncle, Claudius, he was a brother of the late (已故的) king. After Hamlet’s father died, Claudius became King of Denmark and married Hamlet’s mother.
One midnight a ghost (灵魂) appeared in the darkness. It was like the late king. Horatio, Hamlet’s best friend, was surprised and afraid. He decided to tell Hamlet. Hamlet doubted it at first, but wanted to make sure himself. The next night, Hamlet saw that ghost. The ghost told Hamlet, “While I was sleeping in the beautiful garden, my brother Claudius came and put poison (毒药) into my ear. I was killed. Hamlet, be brave and kill him for me. But never kill or hurt my wife, for she is your mother. ” Then the ghost disappeared into the dark. Hamlet made up his mind to kill his uncle.
33．This is a sad story of a princess.
34．Hamlet’s father was so wise and kind that all the people in the nation loved him.
35．Claudius became king of Denmark and married Hamlet’s mother.
36．Hamlet’s mother told him that his father was killed by Claudius
37．Both Hamlet and his best friend Horatio saw the ghost which was like the late king.
四、任务型阅读
阅读短文，根据语篇内容，在方框内的缩写文章中，填入与短文意思最符合的单词，每空一词。
Once there was a lovely vegetable field. And there grew a very big tree. Both the vegetable field and the tree made the place wonderful. But no one knew that the vegetables in the field and the tree couldn’t stand each other for a long time. The vegetables didn’t like the tree’s shade (阴凉处) because it didn’t give them enough light. The tree, on the other hand, didn’t like the vegetables either. The reason was that the vegetables drank almost all the water before it could reach the tree, so the tree didn’t have enough water.
They kept this condition until one day the vegetables got totally (彻底地) bored with the tree. And they decided to use up all the water in the ground so that the tree would dry up (干涸).
What would the tree do Without doubt (毫无疑问), it replied by not giving the vegetables shade from the midday (正午) sun. It was so hot that the vegetables began to dry up. Soon, all of them almost died.
At that time, the vegetables and the tree felt it was better to help each other than to fight.
They should really learn how to get on with those around them. So they decided to work together, using both the shade and the water to grow well. They will be a group.
Soon, they showed a beautiful view again.
Once, a big tree and a vegetable field stood side by side, making the place 38 .
However, the vegetables in the field and the tree couldn’t stand each other. The vegetables disliked the tree’s shade because it didn’t give them 39 light. The tree was unhappy because the vegetables 40 most of the water. This situation continued until one day the vegetables 41 to use up all the water to dry the tree. The tree replied by not shading them from the midday sun. As a result, all the vegetables almost 42 . Realizing fighting was wrong, they decided to work together. By using the shade and the 43 together, they grew well again, showing a beautiful view. They learned that helping each other is better than fighting.
阅读短文，根据语篇内容，回答3个问题。
7. Why didn’t the vegetables like the tree’s shade
____________________________________________________
8. Did the vegetables and the tree help each other at first
____________________________________________________
9. What did they decide to at last
____________________________________________________
五、短文填空
阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (限1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式，使句子通顺完整。
Once upon a time, there lived 44 old horse and a little horse in the village. 45 the morning of Monday, the old horse asked the little horse to take a bag of 46 (potato) to the farm. Soon, the little horse found a river in front of him and stopped. He looked around and noticed a cow. “Aunt Cow, can I cross the river ” he asked. “It isn’t deep. You can make it.” answered Aunt Cow. When the little horse began 47 (cross) the river, a chicken saw him and shouted, “Little horse, don’t cross the river! It’s the 48 (dangerous) that I’ve ever seen!” The little horse was afraid and he went back home. “ 49 do you come back home with the bag ” the old horse asked. “Because there was a river in front of me. Aunt Cow says it is not deep, 50 the chicken says it is very deep. I don’t know what to do.” “My child, have you ever 51 (try) by yourself ” “No, I haven’t. Dad.” answered the little horse. The old horse said, “You must make it by 52 (you).” After hearing these words, the little horse ran back to the river and crossed the river 53 (quick).
六、单词拼写
54．He tried to call the police, but the line was completely because of the heavy snow. (death)
55．She always spends lots of time (play) computer games every day.
56．While the man (run) back home, he saw a dog by the side of the road.
57．On weekends, we (most) go out for a trip or vacation．
58． (volunteer) in the west of China is a dream for me.
七、完成句子
59．I borrowed some money from him just now. (改为同义句)
He some money me just now.
60．你读过狄更斯的名著《雾都孤儿》吗？
the classic Oliver Twist, written by Charles Dickens
61．Lucy lent me her pen for the exam yesterday.（改为否定句）
Lucy me her pen for the exam yesterday.
62．我们应该阻止人们砍树。
We should stop people from the trees.
63．美猴王赢得了全世界年轻人的心。
The Monkey King .
64．他昨晚去了医院, 因为他吃得太多了, 胃疼。
He went to the hospital last night because he ate too much and a .
八、补全对话
根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。
A: Hi, Mike!
B: Hi, Bob!
A: 65
B: Yes, I have been to Shanghai once.
A: 66
B: I went there by train.
A: Great! Your bike is different from others. 67
B: I have had it for 4 years.
A: 68
B: My grandpa gave it to me. I like it so much.
A: Why do you like it
B: 69 .
A: I see. It has special meaning to you.
九、书面表达
70．假设你是李华，请根据以下来信写一封回信给Linda。
Dear li Hua, How is everything going My parents and I plan to travel in China this summer vacation. Which city do you think is the most beautiful in China And can you tell me more information about the city Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Linda
信件内容需包含：1.城市信息应包括：地理位置；天气；旅游景点(至少2个)；美食；历史等方面。
2. 给出Linda两条建议。
要求：1.有恰当的开头和结尾，衔接过渡自然。
2.书写工整，卷面整洁，100词左右。
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《期末模拟测试卷-2024-2025学年英语八年级下册译林版》参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 C B A C C B B A C A
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 B A C A B B D B A B
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 A D B B C A C D A D
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37
答案 C D F T T F T
1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．A
【导语】本文讲述了一个关于皇帝和夜莺的寓言故事，通过对比机械与真实的艺术价值，揭示了珍贵事物往往被忽视的人生哲理。
1．句意：他总是想找到世界上最美妙的歌声。
bird鸟；voice声音；song歌曲。根据“He liked her…songs”可知，皇帝喜欢美妙的歌声，所以是想找到最美妙的歌声，故选C。
2．句意：他喜欢她美妙的歌声，并要求她每天为他唱歌。
popular流行的；amazing美妙的，令人惊叹的；meaningful有意义的。根据“He liked wonderful singing.”可知，皇帝喜欢美妙的歌声，所以此处指夜莺美妙的歌声，故选B。
3．句意：然后他们在宫殿里一起度过了许多美好的时光。
memories回忆；discussions讨论；competitions比赛。根据“together in the palace”可知，此处指在宫殿里度过的美好时光，即美好的回忆，故选A。
4．句意：每当它被上发条时，它就能唱歌。
Unless除非；Although虽然；Whenever每当。根据“it was wound up (上发条), it could sing songs.”可知，此处指每当被上发条时，木制夜莺就能唱歌，故选C。
5．句意：一天早上，木制夜莺突然坏了。
simply简单地；quickly迅速地；suddenly突然地。根据“broke down”可知，此处指木制夜莺突然坏了，故选C。
6．句意：尽管皇帝让许多人修理它，但它仍然不能工作。
report报告；repair修理；protect保护。根据“it still couldn’t work”可知，此处指让许多人修理它，故选B。
7．句意：之后，皇帝得了一场重病。
dream梦想；illness疾病；habit习惯。根据“He wanted to hear the real nightingale sing before he died.”可知，皇帝想在死前听到真正的夜莺唱歌，说明他得了一场重病，故选B。
8．句意：她的歌声驱散了死亡，救了皇帝的命。
death死亡；cold寒冷；darkness黑暗。根据“saved the emperor’s life”可知，此处指驱散了死亡，救了皇帝的命，故选A。
9．句意：他所有的仆人都感到难以置信。
unhappy不高兴的；uncomfortable不舒服的；unbelievable难以置信的。根据“Her song drove away the...and saved the emperor’s life.”可知，夜莺的歌声救了皇帝的命，所以仆人们感到难以置信，故选C。
10．句意：有时候，我们只喜欢美丽的东西，而放弃了真正有价值的东西。
give up放弃；hand out分发；depend on依靠。根据“Sometimes, we only like beautiful things and...truly valuable (珍贵的) things.”可知，此处指我们只喜欢美丽的东西，而放弃了真正有价值的东西，故选A。
11．B
【详解】句意：上个月我们参观了科学博物馆，了解了空间技术。
考查一般过去时。由时间状语“last month”可知时态是一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故选B。
12．A
【详解】句意：——你读过《老人与海》吗？——读过，它有关人与自然的斗争。
考查现在完成时。由“yet”可知，是现在完成时，一般疑问句中，have置于句首，read用过去分词read。故选A。
13．C
【详解】句意：他们上周去了北京，到现在我们还没有他们的消息。
考查时态。so far表示“到目前为止”，常与现在完成时连用，其构成为主语+have/has+done。故选C。
14．A
【详解】句意：我和我的父母去年夏天去了洞庭湖。
考查一般过去时。根据“last summer”可知，此句时态为一般过去时，描述过去发生的动作。空处位于主语后，用动词过去式的went。故选A。
15．B
【详解】句意：——妈妈，我现在可以和朋友们出去玩吗？——不，你不能。你应该先去完成作业。
考查情态动词。should应该；can能够；could（礼貌地请求许可）可以，能；can’t不能；couldn’t不能，过去式；mustn’t不得，禁止。第一句表示委婉请求，用could提问；结合“You should go to finish your homework first.”可知，第二句表示“不能”，因为未完成作业，时态是一般现在时。故选B。
16．B
【详解】句意：——这周五下午，布莱克老师将要组织一次班会。——真的吗？恐怕我父母不能来。
考查动词辨析。refuse拒绝；organize组织；accept接受；reply回复。结合语境及句中“a class meeting”可知，这里指组织一次班会。故选B。
17．D
【详解】句意：——你是你们学校的足球运动员吗？——是的，两年前我加入了足球队。我已经在队里两年了。
考查一般过去时和现在完成时时态。根据“two years ago”可知，动作发生在过去且是主语主动发出，因此排除选项A及选项B；根据“for two years”可知，第二个题空时态为现在完成时，现在完成时的谓语动词形式为have/has done。故选D。
18．B
【详解】句意：我堂兄不得不卖掉他的房子，尽管这违背了他的意愿。
考查介词辨析。for为了，赞成；against反对，违背；with和；on在上面。根据“My cousin had to sell his house, even though it was ... his wishes.”可知，尽管卖房子违背了堂兄的意愿，他也不得不卖掉他的房子。故选B。
19．A
【详解】句意：我认为这个信息没用。你可以把它删除了。
考查动词短语。cut out删除；cut down砍倒。根据“I think this information isn’t useful.”可知，应该是我认为这个信息没用，你可以删除它，故可排除B、D。又因为cut out为“动词+副词”型短语，宾语为代词时，要将代词放于两词之间。故选A。
20．B
【详解】句意：她足够仔细照顾好这个婴儿。
考查形容词辨析与enough后置。careful仔细的；careless粗心的。根据“to take good care of the baby”可知，此处应指足够仔细照顾婴儿，enough修饰形容词时，应位于形容词后。故选B。
21．A 22．D 23．B
【导语】本文讲述一位皇帝因夜莺歌声而将其囚禁，最终因夜莺救他一命而改变自我的故事。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段“When the emperor heard the nightingale’s voice, he said…she can sing for me whenever I want to listen to her.”可知，皇帝喜欢夜莺是因为她的歌声美妙。故选A。
22．词句猜测题。根据“the emperor was ill and he became very...”可知，应填表示身体状态虚弱的词，weak（虚弱的）符合语境。故选D。
23．细节理解题。根据最后一段“he changed a lot and became kind to his people”可知，皇帝恢复健康后变得仁慈友爱。故选B。
24．B 25．C 26．A 27．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了学校在4月22日组织的社区清洁日活动，包括学生和教师的分组行动以及活动中的暖心事件。
24．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“On April 22nd, our school organized a community clean-up day.”可知，清洁日的日期是4月22日。故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“Group 2 cleaned the playground, fixing broken swings and repainting them blue.”可知，第二组负责清理游乐场。故选C。
26．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“I found a wallet under a tree and returned it to the owner.”可知，李东发现的是一个钱包。故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据文章第4段“The mayor praised our efforts, saying, ‘Every small action helps keep our city beautiful.’”可知，市长赞扬了学生们的努力。故选C。
28．D 29．A 30．D 31．C 32．D
【导语】本文讲述了雨林占地面积减少的原因、雨林的重要性以及人们是如何保护雨林。
28．细节理解题。根据“More and more people in Brazil and Indonesia moved into rainforest areas to find land for living. Local farmers cut down trees to grow crops (庄稼). Large companies (公司) also moved into the rainforest to develop their factories.”可知，因为更多的人为了土地搬到那里，很多公司在那里建厂。故选D。
29．词义猜测题。根据“Scientists say that destroying (破坏) the rainforest is harming the earth and should be stopped.”可知，科学家说，破坏雨林正在危害地球，应该被制止。因此划线单词的意思是“伤害”，与Hurting意思一致。故选A。
30．主旨大题意。通读第四段可知，第四段主要讲述了巴西和印度尼西亚的人们如何保护雨林的。故选D。
31．推理判断题。根据“Companies can provide jobs elsewhere (在别处), so that fewer people have to live and work in the rainforest.”可知，作者认为公司应该在雨林地区之外提供工作来保护雨林。故选C。
32．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了雨林占地面积减少的原因、雨林的重要性以及如何解决雨林问题，D选项“雨林问题及其解决方法”符合文章主旨。故选D。
33．F 34．T 35．T 36．F 37．T
【导语】本文主要讲的是有关哈姆雷特的悲伤故事，在他父亲死后，母亲和哈姆雷特的叔叔结婚了，哈姆雷特无法接受这一切，一个像他父亲的灵魂告诉哈姆雷特是叔叔杀害了他，哈姆雷特决定要杀了叔叔替父亲报仇。
33．主旨大意题。根据“This is a sad story of Hamlet, young Prince of Denmark”可知，这是一个关于哈姆雷特的悲伤故事，他是丹麦的年轻王子，而不是一个公主的悲伤故事，故答案为F。
34．细节理解题。根据“He was such a wise and kind king that he was loved by all the people in the nation.”可知，哈姆雷特的父亲非常睿智且善良，因此全国的民众都十分敬爱他，故答案为T。
35．细节理解题。根据“His mother married Hamlet’s uncle, Claudius, he was a brother of the late (已故的) king. After Hamlet’s father died, Claudius became King of Denmark and married Hamlet’s mother.”可知，Claudius成为了丹麦的国王，并娶了哈姆雷特的母亲，故答案为T。
36．细节理解题。根据“The next night, Hamlet saw that ghost. The ghost told Hamlet…”可知，是这个灵魂告诉哈姆雷特，是叔叔杀害了他爸爸，故答案为F。
37．细节理解题。根据“It was like the late king. Horatio, Hamlet’s best friend, was surprised and afraid. He decided to tell Hamlet.…The next night, Hamlet saw that ghost.”可知，哈姆雷特和他的好朋友都看见了这个像过世国王的灵魂，故答案为T。
38．wonderful 39．enough 40．drank 41．decided 42．died 43．water 【小题7】Because it didn’t give them enough light. 【小题8】No, they didn’t. 【小题9】They decided to work together, using both the shade and the water to grow well.
【导语】本文主要讲述了菜地和大树从相互排斥到相互协作的故事，告诉人们要学会与周围事物和谐相处、互帮互助。
38．根据第一段“Both the vegetable field and the tree made the place wonderful.”可知，菜地和大树让这个地方变得很美妙。故填wonderful。
39．根据第一段“The vegetables didn’t like the tree’s shade because it didn’t give them enough light.”可知，蔬菜不喜欢树的阴凉，因为树没给它们足够的光线。故填enough。
40．根据第一段“The reason was that the vegetables drank almost all the water before it could reach the tree, so the tree didn’t have enough water.”可知，树不高兴是因为蔬菜喝了大部分的水。故填drank。
41．根据第二段“And they decided to use up all the water in the ground so that the tree would dry up.”可知，这种情况持续到有一天蔬菜决定耗尽所有的水让树干涸。故填decided。
42．根据第三段“It was so hot that the vegetables began to dry up. Soon, all of them almost died.”可知，结果所有的蔬菜几乎死了。故填died。
43．根据第五段“So they decided to work together, using both the shade and the water to grow well.”可知，通过一起利用阴凉和水，它们又长得很好。故填water。
【小题7】根据“The vegetables didn’t like the tree’s shade because it didn’t give them enough light.”可知，蔬菜不喜欢树的阴凉是因为树没给它们足够的光线，故填Because it didn’t give them enough light.
【小题8】根据“But no one knew that the vegetables in the field and the tree couldn’t stand each other for a long time.”以及后续它们相互争斗的描述可知，起初蔬菜和树没有互相帮助，故填No, they didn’t.
【小题9】根据“So they decided to work together, using both the shade and the water to grow well.”可知，它们最后决定一起合作，利用阴凉和水好好生长，故填They decided to work together, using both the shade and the water to grow well.
44．an 45．On 46．potatoes 47．to cross/crossing 48．most dangerous 49．Why 50．but 51．tried 52．yourself 53．quickly
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了“小马过河”的故事，告诉大家亲身实践的重要性。
44．句意：很久以前，一个村庄里生活着一匹老马和一匹小马。分析句子，可知“horse”是可数名词单数形式，此处泛指“一只”，且“old”是以元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
45．句意：星期一早上，老马让小马把一袋土豆带到农场去。在某一天的早上，介词用on。故填On。
46．句意：星期一早上，老马让小马把一袋土豆带到农场去。potato是可数名词，a bag of表示“一袋”，此处potato应用复数。故选potatoes。
47．句意：当小马开始过河时，一只鸡看到了他，喊道…… begin to do或begin doing表示“开始做某事”。故填to cross/crossing。
48．句意：这是我见过的最危险的！由定语从句“that I’ve ever seen”可知，此处用最高级，dangerous是最高级是most dangerous。故填most dangerous。
49．句意：你为什么带着袋子回家？根据“Because there was a river in front of me.”可知，此处询问原因，用疑问词why“为什么”。故填Why。
50．句意：牛阿姨说不深，但鸡说很深。根据“Aunt Cow says it is not deep, ... the chicken says it is very deep.”可知，前后句是转折关系，but“但是”表示转折。故填but。
51．句意：我的孩子，你自己试过吗？由ever可知是现在完成时，助动词have后加过去分词，try的过去分词tried。故填tried。
52．句意：你必须自己做。by oneself“独自、自己”，此处是主语you对应的反身代词yourself“你自己”。故填yourself。
53．句意：听了这些话，小马跑回河边，飞快地渡了河。此处用副词修饰动词cross the river，quick的副词是quickly“快地”。故填quickly。
54．dead
【详解】句意：他试图打电话报警，但由于大雪，电话线完全断了。根据“but the line was completely...”可知，此处应用形容词，death“死亡”，名词，其形容词为“dead”。故填dead。
55．playing
【详解】句意：她每天总是花很多时间玩电脑游戏。spend time doing sth.“花时间做某事”，是固定搭配，应填playing。故填playing。
56．was running
【详解】句意：当这个人跑回家的时候，他看到路边有一只狗。根据“While the man...back home, he saw a dog by the side of the road.”可知，此处强调在过去的某个时间点，正在发生的动作，用过去进行时。故填was running。
57．mostly
【详解】句意：在周末，我们大多数时候会出去旅行或度假。根据“go out for a trip or vacation”可知，此处需要填入一个副词修饰动词短语“go out”，表示频率或程度；“most”的副词形式mostly“通常、多半”符合语境。故填mostly。
58．Volunteering
【详解】句意：在中国西部做志愿工作对我来说是一个梦想。空处在句子中作主语，这里需要用动名词形式来表示“做志愿工作”这个行为，volunteer的动名词是volunteering，首字母大写。故填Volunteering。
59． lent to
【详解】句意：我刚才向他借了些钱。改为同义句，原句也可以这样说“他刚刚借给我一些钱”，lend“借出”，lend…to…“把……借给……”，动词短语；根据原题干中“borrowed”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词lend应用过去式lent。故填lent；to。
60．Have you read
【详解】分析句子可知，此句为现在完成时的一般疑问句，read“读”，过去分词为read，主语是you“你”，助动词用have。故填Have you read。
61． didn’t lend
【详解】句意：露西昨天把她的钢笔借给我考试用。根据时间状语“yesterday”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，改为否定句需要使用助动词didn’t，后接动词原形lend。故填didn’t；lend。
62． cutting down
【详解】对照中英文可知，本空缺少“砍”。cut down意为“砍倒”，stop sb. from doing sth.表示“阻止某人做某事”，本空的动词应该用动名词形式，作介词from的宾语。故填cutting；down。
63．has won the hearts of young people all over the world
【详解】对照中英文可知，赢得了……的心：win the hearts of；年轻人：young people；全世界：all over the world。句子时态是现在完成时态，主语是单数，助动词用has，故填has won the hearts of young people all over the world。
64． had stomachache
【详解】根据中英文提示可知，胃疼“have a stomachache”，固定短语；and连接两个并列的过去时，所以ate是过去式，have也应用过去式had，故填had；stomachache。
65．Have you ever been to Shanghai 66．How did you go there 67．How long have you had it 68．Who gave it to you 69．Because it has given me many memories
【导语】本文两人谈论了B去上海的经历以及B的自行车。
65．根据“Yes, I have been to Shanghai once.”可知此处询问对方是否去过上海。故填Have you ever been to Shanghai。
66．根据“I went there by train.”可知此处询问是如何去的。故填How did you go there。
67．根据“I have had it for 4 years.”可知此处询问拥有自行车多长时间了。故填How long have you had it。
68．根据“My grandpa gave it to me”可知此处询问是谁给他的自行车。故填Who gave it to you。
69．根据“Why do you like it”可知此处介绍喜欢它的原因，例如：因为它给了我很多回忆。故填Because it has given me many memories。
70．例文：
Dear Linda,
I’m glad to hear about your travel plan! I think Guilin is one of the most beautiful cities in China. It lies in southern China. In summer, it’s hot but the beautiful scenery makes up for it.
You must visit the Li River, where you can take a boat and enjoy the amazing mountains and clear water. The Reed Flute Cave is also wonderful, with strange rock formations. Don’t miss Guilin rice noodles, a delicious local food. Guilin has a long history, with many ancient stories.
My suggestions: Bring light clothes and a hat for the sun. Also, hire a guide to learn more about the places.
Hope you have a great trip!
Yours,
Li Hua
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇应用文，给Linda的回信，用于回应对方旅行咨询，介绍城市信息并提建议。
②时态：以一般现在时为主，描述城市常态信息，建议内容也用一般现在时。
③提示：需涵盖城市地理位置、天气、至少2个景点、美食、历史，还要给2条建议，注意内容完整，突出桂林特色，衔接自然。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图。开篇回应Linda来信，引出要推荐的城市，自然开启介绍。
第二步，具体阐述内容。从地理位置、天气、景点、芦笛岩、美食、历史等多方面介绍，丰富内容。
第三步，书写结语。给出建议，并表达祝福，让书信完整收尾。
[亮点词汇]
①lies in位于
②make up for弥补
③ancient stories古老故事
④hire a guide雇佣导游
[高分句型]
①I think Guilin is one of the most beautiful cities in China. (运用“one of +形容词最高级+可数名词复数”句型，突出桂林在中国城市中的美丽程度，增强表达效果。)
②You must visit the Li River, where you can take a boat and enjoy the amazing mountains and clear water. (含where引导的定语从句)
③My suggestions: Bring light clothes and a hat for the sun. Also, hire a guide to learn more about the places. (动词不定式作目的状语)
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
期末模拟测试卷-2024-2025学年英语八年级下册译林版
一、完形填空
Once upon a time, there was an emperor. He liked wonderful singing. He always wanted to find the most beautiful 1 in the world.
Soon, the emperor found a small nightingale. He liked her 2 songs and asked her to sing for him every day. Then they had many great 3 together in the palace.
One day, the emperor got a beautiful wooden nightingale. 4 it was wound up (上发条), it could sing songs. The emperor loved it so much. So the real nightingale left the palace sadly.
One morning, the wooden nightingale 5 broke down. Although the emperor asked many people to 6 it, it still couldn’t work.
After that, the emperor had a terrible 7 . He wanted to hear the real nightingale sing before he died. Surprisingly, the nightingale’s voice came from the window. Her song drove away the 8 and saved the emperor’s life. All his servants felt 9 . The emperor asked the nightingale to stay, but the nightingale flew away.
Sometimes, we only like beautiful things and 10 truly valuable (珍贵的) things. But life will teach us what really matters to us as time goes by.
1．A．bird B．voice C．song
2．A．popular B．amazing C．meaningful
3．A．memories B．discussions C．competitions
4．A．Unless B．Although C．Whenever
5．A．simply B．quickly C．suddenly
6．A．report B．repair C．protect
7．A．dream B．illness C．habit
8．A．death B．cold C．darkness
9．A．unhappy B．uncomfortable C．unbelievable
10．A．give up B．hand out C．depend on
二、单项选择
11．We ________ the science museum last month and learned about space technology.
A．visit B．visited C．will visit D．have visited
12．—________ you ________ The Old Man and the Sea yet
—Yes, it’s about a man’s fight with nature.
A．Have; read B．Did; read C．Will; read D．Do; read
13．They left for Beijing last week and we ________ them so far.
A．don’t hear from B．didn’t hear from C．haven’t heard from D．won’t hear from
14．My parents and I ________ to Dongting Lake last summer.
A．went B．will go C．go D．have gone
15．—________ I hang out with my friends now, Mom
— No, you ________. You should go to finish your homework first.
A．Should; can’t B．Could; can’t C．Could; couldn’t D．Should; mustn’t
16．—Mr. Black will ______ a class meeting this Friday afternoon.
—Really I’m afraid my parents can’t come.
A．refuse B．organize C．accept D．reply
17．—Are you a soccer player in your school
—Yes, I ________ the team two years ago. I ________ in the team for two years.
A．have joined; have been B．was joined; am
C．joined; was D．joined; have been
18．My cousin had to sell his house, even though it was ______ his wishes.
A．for B．against C．with D．on
19．I think this information isn’t useful. You can ________.
A．cut it out B．cut it down C．cut out it D．cut down it
20．She is ________ to take good care of the baby.
A．enough careful B．careful enough C．enough careless D．careless enough
三、阅读理解
A long time ago, there was an emperor. He had a beautiful garden. In the garden, there was a little nightingale (夜莺) singing beautifully.
One day, the emperor heard about this little bird’s beautiful voice. He asked his guards (卫兵) to bring the bird to him. When the emperor heard the nightingale’s voice, he said, “Put her in a golden cage (笼子), and she can sing for me whenever I want to listen to her.”
The little bird was so unhappy about being kept in the cage that she stopped singing one day. The emperor was very angry. He ordered some people in his palace to make a robot bird for him. The robot bird could sing very beautifully, too. The emperor was glad. Then he set the nightingale free.
Day by day, the robot bird became old. It no longer sang beautiful songs. Just at that time, the emperor was ill and he became very w... One morning, while lying in the bed, the emperor wanted to hear a song once again. But the robot bird couldn’t sing any more. Suddenly, the nightingale landed on the window. She began to sing her most beautiful song. The emperor was very happy! He became better and better each day.
After the emperor was well, he changed a lot and became kind to his people. From then on, all his people cherished (爱戴) him for his love and kindness.
21．What did the emperor like about the nightingale
A．Her sweet voice. B．Her beautiful color.
C．Her lovely shape. D．Her clever mind.
22．What is the proper word in the sentence “Just at that time, the emperor was ill and he became very w…”
A．Whole. B．Wild. C．Wrong. D．Weak.
23．What did the emperor do after he got well
A．He still kept the nightingale in the cage. B．He became kind to his people.
C．He ordered people to make more robot birds. D．He asked the nightingale to leave his palace.
Community Clean-Up Day
On April 22nd, our school organized a community clean-up day. Over 150 students and teachers picked up litter in the park, cleaned public benches, and painted recycling bins.
Group 1 worked near the lake, removing plastic bottles and snack wrappers from the grass. Group 2 cleaned the playground, fixing broken swings and repainting them blue. Group 3 set up new signs to remind people to “Keep the Park Clean”.
“I found a wallet under a tree and returned it to the owner,” said Li Dong. “It felt good to help someone.”
The mayor praised our efforts, saying, “Every small action helps keep our city beautiful.”
24．When was the clean-up day
A．March 12th. B．April 22nd. C．May 1st. D．June 5th.
25．What did Group 2 do
A．Picked up litter. B．Painted bins. C．Cleaned the playground. D．Set up signs.
26．What did Li Dong find
A．A wallet. B．A key. C．A phone. D．A book.
27．Who praised the students
A．The teacher. B．The parent. C．The mayor. D．The shopkeeper.
In Brazil and Indonesia, the number of people living in the rainforest (雨林) is rising, so the rainforest itself is becoming smaller.
During the 20th century, people cut down lots of trees in the rainforest. More and more people in Brazil and Indonesia moved into rainforest areas to find land for living. Local farmers cut down trees to grow crops (庄稼). Large companies (公司) also moved into the rainforest to develop their factories.
The problem is that the area of the rainforest is becoming smaller and smaller. Scientists say that destroying (破坏) the rainforest is harming the earth and should be stopped. But why Rainforest plants help to clean the air. What’s more, different kinds of rainforest plants can be used to produce (生产) useful medicine and may be the key to solving serious problems.
Then how can people in Brazil and Indonesia solve the problem Governments can make some rules to protect their panies can provide jobs elsewhere (在别处), so that fewer people have to live and work in the rainforest. Governments should encourage farmers to plant crops in certain areas, and this helps to stop the soil from being washed away and produce better crops.
Many plants and animals that live in the rainforest can’t be found anywhere else in the world. It is important to make sure that these forests are used well and protected by people.
28．Why is the rainforest becoming smaller in Brazil and Indonesia
A．Because people plant less trees.
B．Because many plants are eaten by animals.
C．Because the bad weather makes the trees die.
D．Because more people move there for land and companies build factories there.
29．What does the underlined word “harming” mean in Paragraph 3
A．Hurting. B．Saving. C．Cleaning. D．Controlling.
30．Which question can help readers know the main idea of Paragraph 4
A．What animals live in the rainforest
B．Why do people move into the rainforest
C．What do rainforest plants look like
D．How can people in Brazil and Indonesia protect the rainforest
31．Which of the following will the writer probably agree with
A．People should move into the rainforest to plant more crops.
B．Companies should build more factories in the rainforest.
C．Companies should offer jobs outside the rainforest areas to protect the rainforest.
D．The area of the rainforest is becoming larger and larger now.
32．What is the best title for the text
A．The Animals in the Rainforest
B．The Factories in Brazil and Indonesia
C．The Ways to Plant Crops in the Rainforest
D．The Problem of the Rainforest and Ways to Solve It
根据短文内容判断对错，对的为“T”，错的为“F”.
This is a sad story of Hamlet, young Prince of Denmark (丹麦). Hamlet’s father was King of Denmark and Hamlet was his only son. The king died while he was sleeping in the garden. He was such a wise and kind king that he was loved by all the people in the nation. His son, Hamlet, of course, loved him far more than anyone else in the world.
Hamlet was so sad that he never stopped wearing black clothes. There was something else which made Hamlet even sadder. His mother married Hamlet’s uncle, Claudius, he was a brother of the late (已故的) king. After Hamlet’s father died, Claudius became King of Denmark and married Hamlet’s mother.
One midnight a ghost (灵魂) appeared in the darkness. It was like the late king. Horatio, Hamlet’s best friend, was surprised and afraid. He decided to tell Hamlet. Hamlet doubted it at first, but wanted to make sure himself. The next night, Hamlet saw that ghost. The ghost told Hamlet, “While I was sleeping in the beautiful garden, my brother Claudius came and put poison (毒药) into my ear. I was killed. Hamlet, be brave and kill him for me. But never kill or hurt my wife, for she is your mother. ” Then the ghost disappeared into the dark. Hamlet made up his mind to kill his uncle.
33．This is a sad story of a princess.
34．Hamlet’s father was so wise and kind that all the people in the nation loved him.
35．Claudius became king of Denmark and married Hamlet’s mother.
36．Hamlet’s mother told him that his father was killed by Claudius
37．Both Hamlet and his best friend Horatio saw the ghost which was like the late king.
四、任务型阅读
阅读短文，根据语篇内容，在方框内的缩写文章中，填入与短文意思最符合的单词，每空一词。
Once there was a lovely vegetable field. And there grew a very big tree. Both the vegetable field and the tree made the place wonderful. But no one knew that the vegetables in the field and the tree couldn’t stand each other for a long time. The vegetables didn’t like the tree’s shade (阴凉处) because it didn’t give them enough light. The tree, on the other hand, didn’t like the vegetables either. The reason was that the vegetables drank almost all the water before it could reach the tree, so the tree didn’t have enough water.
They kept this condition until one day the vegetables got totally (彻底地) bored with the tree. And they decided to use up all the water in the ground so that the tree would dry up (干涸).
What would the tree do Without doubt (毫无疑问), it replied by not giving the vegetables shade from the midday (正午) sun. It was so hot that the vegetables began to dry up. Soon, all of them almost died.
At that time, the vegetables and the tree felt it was better to help each other than to fight.
They should really learn how to get on with those around them. So they decided to work together, using both the shade and the water to grow well. They will be a group.
Soon, they showed a beautiful view again.
Once, a big tree and a vegetable field stood side by side, making the place 38 .
However, the vegetables in the field and the tree couldn’t stand each other. The vegetables disliked the tree’s shade because it didn’t give them 39 light. The tree was unhappy because the vegetables 40 most of the water. This situation continued until one day the vegetables 41 to use up all the water to dry the tree. The tree replied by not shading them from the midday sun. As a result, all the vegetables almost 42 . Realizing fighting was wrong, they decided to work together. By using the shade and the 43 together, they grew well again, showing a beautiful view. They learned that helping each other is better than fighting.
阅读短文，根据语篇内容，回答3个问题。
7. Why didn’t the vegetables like the tree’s shade
____________________________________________________
8. Did the vegetables and the tree help each other at first
____________________________________________________
9. What did they decide to at last
____________________________________________________
五、短文填空
阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (限1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式，使句子通顺完整。
Once upon a time, there lived 44 old horse and a little horse in the village. 45 the morning of Monday, the old horse asked the little horse to take a bag of 46 (potato) to the farm. Soon, the little horse found a river in front of him and stopped. He looked around and noticed a cow. “Aunt Cow, can I cross the river ” he asked. “It isn’t deep. You can make it.” answered Aunt Cow. When the little horse began 47 (cross) the river, a chicken saw him and shouted, “Little horse, don’t cross the river! It’s the 48 (dangerous) that I’ve ever seen!” The little horse was afraid and he went back home. “ 49 do you come back home with the bag ” the old horse asked. “Because there was a river in front of me. Aunt Cow says it is not deep, 50 the chicken says it is very deep. I don’t know what to do.” “My child, have you ever 51 (try) by yourself ” “No, I haven’t. Dad.” answered the little horse. The old horse said, “You must make it by 52 (you).” After hearing these words, the little horse ran back to the river and crossed the river 53 (quick).
六、单词拼写
54．He tried to call the police, but the line was completely because of the heavy snow. (death)
55．She always spends lots of time (play) computer games every day.
56．While the man (run) back home, he saw a dog by the side of the road.
57．On weekends, we (most) go out for a trip or vacation．
58． (volunteer) in the west of China is a dream for me.
七、完成句子
59．I borrowed some money from him just now. (改为同义句)
He some money me just now.
60．你读过狄更斯的名著《雾都孤儿》吗？
the classic Oliver Twist, written by Charles Dickens
61．Lucy lent me her pen for the exam yesterday.（改为否定句）
Lucy me her pen for the exam yesterday.
62．我们应该阻止人们砍树。
We should stop people from the trees.
63．美猴王赢得了全世界年轻人的心。
The Monkey King .
64．他昨晚去了医院, 因为他吃得太多了, 胃疼。
He went to the hospital last night because he ate too much and a .
八、补全对话
根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。
A: Hi, Mike!
B: Hi, Bob!
A: 65
B: Yes, I have been to Shanghai once.
A: 66
B: I went there by train.
A: Great! Your bike is different from others. 67
B: I have had it for 4 years.
A: 68
B: My grandpa gave it to me. I like it so much.
A: Why do you like it
B: 69 .
A: I see. It has special meaning to you.
九、书面表达
70．假设你是李华，请根据以下来信写一封回信给Linda。
Dear li Hua, How is everything going My parents and I plan to travel in China this summer vacation. Which city do you think is the most beautiful in China And can you tell me more information about the city Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Linda
信件内容需包含：1.城市信息应包括：地理位置；天气；旅游景点(至少2个)；美食；历史等方面。
2. 给出Linda两条建议。
要求：1.有恰当的开头和结尾，衔接过渡自然。
2.书写工整，卷面整洁，100词左右。
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《期末模拟测试卷-2024-2025学年英语八年级下册译林版》参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 C B A C C B B A C A
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 B A C A B B D B A B
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 A D B B C A C D A D
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37
答案 C D F T T F T
1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．A
【导语】本文讲述了一个关于皇帝和夜莺的寓言故事，通过对比机械与真实的艺术价值，揭示了珍贵事物往往被忽视的人生哲理。
1．句意：他总是想找到世界上最美妙的歌声。
bird鸟；voice声音；song歌曲。根据“He liked her…songs”可知，皇帝喜欢美妙的歌声，所以是想找到最美妙的歌声，故选C。
2．句意：他喜欢她美妙的歌声，并要求她每天为他唱歌。
popular流行的；amazing美妙的，令人惊叹的；meaningful有意义的。根据“He liked wonderful singing.”可知，皇帝喜欢美妙的歌声，所以此处指夜莺美妙的歌声，故选B。
3．句意：然后他们在宫殿里一起度过了许多美好的时光。
memories回忆；discussions讨论；competitions比赛。根据“together in the palace”可知，此处指在宫殿里度过的美好时光，即美好的回忆，故选A。
4．句意：每当它被上发条时，它就能唱歌。
Unless除非；Although虽然；Whenever每当。根据“it was wound up (上发条), it could sing songs.”可知，此处指每当被上发条时，木制夜莺就能唱歌，故选C。
5．句意：一天早上，木制夜莺突然坏了。
simply简单地；quickly迅速地；suddenly突然地。根据“broke down”可知，此处指木制夜莺突然坏了，故选C。
6．句意：尽管皇帝让许多人修理它，但它仍然不能工作。
report报告；repair修理；protect保护。根据“it still couldn’t work”可知，此处指让许多人修理它，故选B。
7．句意：之后，皇帝得了一场重病。
dream梦想；illness疾病；habit习惯。根据“He wanted to hear the real nightingale sing before he died.”可知，皇帝想在死前听到真正的夜莺唱歌，说明他得了一场重病，故选B。
8．句意：她的歌声驱散了死亡，救了皇帝的命。
death死亡；cold寒冷；darkness黑暗。根据“saved the emperor’s life”可知，此处指驱散了死亡，救了皇帝的命，故选A。
9．句意：他所有的仆人都感到难以置信。
unhappy不高兴的；uncomfortable不舒服的；unbelievable难以置信的。根据“Her song drove away the...and saved the emperor’s life.”可知，夜莺的歌声救了皇帝的命，所以仆人们感到难以置信，故选C。
10．句意：有时候，我们只喜欢美丽的东西，而放弃了真正有价值的东西。
give up放弃；hand out分发；depend on依靠。根据“Sometimes, we only like beautiful things and...truly valuable (珍贵的) things.”可知，此处指我们只喜欢美丽的东西，而放弃了真正有价值的东西，故选A。
11．B
【详解】句意：上个月我们参观了科学博物馆，了解了空间技术。
考查一般过去时。由时间状语“last month”可知时态是一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故选B。
12．A
【详解】句意：——你读过《老人与海》吗？——读过，它有关人与自然的斗争。
考查现在完成时。由“yet”可知，是现在完成时，一般疑问句中，have置于句首，read用过去分词read。故选A。
13．C
【详解】句意：他们上周去了北京，到现在我们还没有他们的消息。
考查时态。so far表示“到目前为止”，常与现在完成时连用，其构成为主语+have/has+done。故选C。
14．A
【详解】句意：我和我的父母去年夏天去了洞庭湖。
考查一般过去时。根据“last summer”可知，此句时态为一般过去时，描述过去发生的动作。空处位于主语后，用动词过去式的went。故选A。
15．B
【详解】句意：——妈妈，我现在可以和朋友们出去玩吗？——不，你不能。你应该先去完成作业。
考查情态动词。should应该；can能够；could（礼貌地请求许可）可以，能；can’t不能；couldn’t不能，过去式；mustn’t不得，禁止。第一句表示委婉请求，用could提问；结合“You should go to finish your homework first.”可知，第二句表示“不能”，因为未完成作业，时态是一般现在时。故选B。
16．B
【详解】句意：——这周五下午，布莱克老师将要组织一次班会。——真的吗？恐怕我父母不能来。
考查动词辨析。refuse拒绝；organize组织；accept接受；reply回复。结合语境及句中“a class meeting”可知，这里指组织一次班会。故选B。
17．D
【详解】句意：——你是你们学校的足球运动员吗？——是的，两年前我加入了足球队。我已经在队里两年了。
考查一般过去时和现在完成时时态。根据“two years ago”可知，动作发生在过去且是主语主动发出，因此排除选项A及选项B；根据“for two years”可知，第二个题空时态为现在完成时，现在完成时的谓语动词形式为have/has done。故选D。
18．B
【详解】句意：我堂兄不得不卖掉他的房子，尽管这违背了他的意愿。
考查介词辨析。for为了，赞成；against反对，违背；with和；on在上面。根据“My cousin had to sell his house, even though it was ... his wishes.”可知，尽管卖房子违背了堂兄的意愿，他也不得不卖掉他的房子。故选B。
19．A
【详解】句意：我认为这个信息没用。你可以把它删除了。
考查动词短语。cut out删除；cut down砍倒。根据“I think this information isn’t useful.”可知，应该是我认为这个信息没用，你可以删除它，故可排除B、D。又因为cut out为“动词+副词”型短语，宾语为代词时，要将代词放于两词之间。故选A。
20．B
【详解】句意：她足够仔细照顾好这个婴儿。
考查形容词辨析与enough后置。careful仔细的；careless粗心的。根据“to take good care of the baby”可知，此处应指足够仔细照顾婴儿，enough修饰形容词时，应位于形容词后。故选B。
21．A 22．D 23．B
【导语】本文讲述一位皇帝因夜莺歌声而将其囚禁，最终因夜莺救他一命而改变自我的故事。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段“When the emperor heard the nightingale’s voice, he said…she can sing for me whenever I want to listen to her.”可知，皇帝喜欢夜莺是因为她的歌声美妙。故选A。
22．词句猜测题。根据“the emperor was ill and he became very...”可知，应填表示身体状态虚弱的词，weak（虚弱的）符合语境。故选D。
23．细节理解题。根据最后一段“he changed a lot and became kind to his people”可知，皇帝恢复健康后变得仁慈友爱。故选B。
24．B 25．C 26．A 27．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了学校在4月22日组织的社区清洁日活动，包括学生和教师的分组行动以及活动中的暖心事件。
24．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“On April 22nd, our school organized a community clean-up day.”可知，清洁日的日期是4月22日。故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“Group 2 cleaned the playground, fixing broken swings and repainting them blue.”可知，第二组负责清理游乐场。故选C。
26．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“I found a wallet under a tree and returned it to the owner.”可知，李东发现的是一个钱包。故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据文章第4段“The mayor praised our efforts, saying, ‘Every small action helps keep our city beautiful.’”可知，市长赞扬了学生们的努力。故选C。
28．D 29．A 30．D 31．C 32．D
【导语】本文讲述了雨林占地面积减少的原因、雨林的重要性以及人们是如何保护雨林。
28．细节理解题。根据“More and more people in Brazil and Indonesia moved into rainforest areas to find land for living. Local farmers cut down trees to grow crops (庄稼). Large companies (公司) also moved into the rainforest to develop their factories.”可知，因为更多的人为了土地搬到那里，很多公司在那里建厂。故选D。
29．词义猜测题。根据“Scientists say that destroying (破坏) the rainforest is harming the earth and should be stopped.”可知，科学家说，破坏雨林正在危害地球，应该被制止。因此划线单词的意思是“伤害”，与Hurting意思一致。故选A。
30．主旨大题意。通读第四段可知，第四段主要讲述了巴西和印度尼西亚的人们如何保护雨林的。故选D。
31．推理判断题。根据“Companies can provide jobs elsewhere (在别处), so that fewer people have to live and work in the rainforest.”可知，作者认为公司应该在雨林地区之外提供工作来保护雨林。故选C。
32．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了雨林占地面积减少的原因、雨林的重要性以及如何解决雨林问题，D选项“雨林问题及其解决方法”符合文章主旨。故选D。
33．F 34．T 35．T 36．F 37．T
【导语】本文主要讲的是有关哈姆雷特的悲伤故事，在他父亲死后，母亲和哈姆雷特的叔叔结婚了，哈姆雷特无法接受这一切，一个像他父亲的灵魂告诉哈姆雷特是叔叔杀害了他，哈姆雷特决定要杀了叔叔替父亲报仇。
33．主旨大意题。根据“This is a sad story of Hamlet, young Prince of Denmark”可知，这是一个关于哈姆雷特的悲伤故事，他是丹麦的年轻王子，而不是一个公主的悲伤故事，故答案为F。
34．细节理解题。根据“He was such a wise and kind king that he was loved by all the people in the nation.”可知，哈姆雷特的父亲非常睿智且善良，因此全国的民众都十分敬爱他，故答案为T。
35．细节理解题。根据“His mother married Hamlet’s uncle, Claudius, he was a brother of the late (已故的) king. After Hamlet’s father died, Claudius became King of Denmark and married Hamlet’s mother.”可知，Claudius成为了丹麦的国王，并娶了哈姆雷特的母亲，故答案为T。
36．细节理解题。根据“The next night, Hamlet saw that ghost. The ghost told Hamlet…”可知，是这个灵魂告诉哈姆雷特，是叔叔杀害了他爸爸，故答案为F。
37．细节理解题。根据“It was like the late king. Horatio, Hamlet’s best friend, was surprised and afraid. He decided to tell Hamlet.…The next night, Hamlet saw that ghost.”可知，哈姆雷特和他的好朋友都看见了这个像过世国王的灵魂，故答案为T。
38．wonderful 39．enough 40．drank 41．decided 42．died 43．water 【小题7】Because it didn’t give them enough light. 【小题8】No, they didn’t. 【小题9】They decided to work together, using both the shade and the water to grow well.
【导语】本文主要讲述了菜地和大树从相互排斥到相互协作的故事，告诉人们要学会与周围事物和谐相处、互帮互助。
38．根据第一段“Both the vegetable field and the tree made the place wonderful.”可知，菜地和大树让这个地方变得很美妙。故填wonderful。
39．根据第一段“The vegetables didn’t like the tree’s shade because it didn’t give them enough light.”可知，蔬菜不喜欢树的阴凉，因为树没给它们足够的光线。故填enough。
40．根据第一段“The reason was that the vegetables drank almost all the water before it could reach the tree, so the tree didn’t have enough water.”可知，树不高兴是因为蔬菜喝了大部分的水。故填drank。
41．根据第二段“And they decided to use up all the water in the ground so that the tree would dry up.”可知，这种情况持续到有一天蔬菜决定耗尽所有的水让树干涸。故填decided。
42．根据第三段“It was so hot that the vegetables began to dry up. Soon, all of them almost died.”可知，结果所有的蔬菜几乎死了。故填died。
43．根据第五段“So they decided to work together, using both the shade and the water to grow well.”可知，通过一起利用阴凉和水，它们又长得很好。故填water。
【小题7】根据“The vegetables didn’t like the tree’s shade because it didn’t give them enough light.”可知，蔬菜不喜欢树的阴凉是因为树没给它们足够的光线，故填Because it didn’t give them enough light.
【小题8】根据“But no one knew that the vegetables in the field and the tree couldn’t stand each other for a long time.”以及后续它们相互争斗的描述可知，起初蔬菜和树没有互相帮助，故填No, they didn’t.
【小题9】根据“So they decided to work together, using both the shade and the water to grow well.”可知，它们最后决定一起合作，利用阴凉和水好好生长，故填They decided to work together, using both the shade and the water to grow well.
44．an 45．On 46．potatoes 47．to cross/crossing 48．most dangerous 49．Why 50．but 51．tried 52．yourself 53．quickly
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了“小马过河”的故事，告诉大家亲身实践的重要性。
44．句意：很久以前，一个村庄里生活着一匹老马和一匹小马。分析句子，可知“horse”是可数名词单数形式，此处泛指“一只”，且“old”是以元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
45．句意：星期一早上，老马让小马把一袋土豆带到农场去。在某一天的早上，介词用on。故填On。
46．句意：星期一早上，老马让小马把一袋土豆带到农场去。potato是可数名词，a bag of表示“一袋”，此处potato应用复数。故选potatoes。
47．句意：当小马开始过河时，一只鸡看到了他，喊道…… begin to do或begin doing表示“开始做某事”。故填to cross/crossing。
48．句意：这是我见过的最危险的！由定语从句“that I’ve ever seen”可知，此处用最高级，dangerous是最高级是most dangerous。故填most dangerous。
49．句意：你为什么带着袋子回家？根据“Because there was a river in front of me.”可知，此处询问原因，用疑问词why“为什么”。故填Why。
50．句意：牛阿姨说不深，但鸡说很深。根据“Aunt Cow says it is not deep, ... the chicken says it is very deep.”可知，前后句是转折关系，but“但是”表示转折。故填but。
51．句意：我的孩子，你自己试过吗？由ever可知是现在完成时，助动词have后加过去分词，try的过去分词tried。故填tried。
52．句意：你必须自己做。by oneself“独自、自己”，此处是主语you对应的反身代词yourself“你自己”。故填yourself。
53．句意：听了这些话，小马跑回河边，飞快地渡了河。此处用副词修饰动词cross the river，quick的副词是quickly“快地”。故填quickly。
54．dead
【详解】句意：他试图打电话报警，但由于大雪，电话线完全断了。根据“but the line was completely...”可知，此处应用形容词，death“死亡”，名词，其形容词为“dead”。故填dead。
55．playing
【详解】句意：她每天总是花很多时间玩电脑游戏。spend time doing sth.“花时间做某事”，是固定搭配，应填playing。故填playing。
56．was running
【详解】句意：当这个人跑回家的时候，他看到路边有一只狗。根据“While the man...back home, he saw a dog by the side of the road.”可知，此处强调在过去的某个时间点，正在发生的动作，用过去进行时。故填was running。
57．mostly
【详解】句意：在周末，我们大多数时候会出去旅行或度假。根据“go out for a trip or vacation”可知，此处需要填入一个副词修饰动词短语“go out”，表示频率或程度；“most”的副词形式mostly“通常、多半”符合语境。故填mostly。
58．Volunteering
【详解】句意：在中国西部做志愿工作对我来说是一个梦想。空处在句子中作主语，这里需要用动名词形式来表示“做志愿工作”这个行为，volunteer的动名词是volunteering，首字母大写。故填Volunteering。
59． lent to
【详解】句意：我刚才向他借了些钱。改为同义句，原句也可以这样说“他刚刚借给我一些钱”，lend“借出”，lend…to…“把……借给……”，动词短语；根据原题干中“borrowed”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词lend应用过去式lent。故填lent；to。
60．Have you read
【详解】分析句子可知，此句为现在完成时的一般疑问句，read“读”，过去分词为read，主语是you“你”，助动词用have。故填Have you read。
61． didn’t lend
【详解】句意：露西昨天把她的钢笔借给我考试用。根据时间状语“yesterday”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，改为否定句需要使用助动词didn’t，后接动词原形lend。故填didn’t；lend。
62． cutting down
【详解】对照中英文可知，本空缺少“砍”。cut down意为“砍倒”，stop sb. from doing sth.表示“阻止某人做某事”，本空的动词应该用动名词形式，作介词from的宾语。故填cutting；down。
63．has won the hearts of young people all over the world
【详解】对照中英文可知，赢得了……的心：win the hearts of；年轻人：young people；全世界：all over the world。句子时态是现在完成时态，主语是单数，助动词用has，故填has won the hearts of young people all over the world。
64． had stomachache
【详解】根据中英文提示可知，胃疼“have a stomachache”，固定短语；and连接两个并列的过去时，所以ate是过去式，have也应用过去式had，故填had；stomachache。
65．Have you ever been to Shanghai 66．How did you go there 67．How long have you had it 68．Who gave it to you 69．Because it has given me many memories
【导语】本文两人谈论了B去上海的经历以及B的自行车。
65．根据“Yes, I have been to Shanghai once.”可知此处询问对方是否去过上海。故填Have you ever been to Shanghai。
66．根据“I went there by train.”可知此处询问是如何去的。故填How did you go there。
67．根据“I have had it for 4 years.”可知此处询问拥有自行车多长时间了。故填How long have you had it。
68．根据“My grandpa gave it to me”可知此处询问是谁给他的自行车。故填Who gave it to you。
69．根据“Why do you like it”可知此处介绍喜欢它的原因，例如：因为它给了我很多回忆。故填Because it has given me many memories。
70．例文：
Dear Linda,
I’m glad to hear about your travel plan! I think Guilin is one of the most beautiful cities in China. It lies in southern China. In summer, it’s hot but the beautiful scenery makes up for it.
You must visit the Li River, where you can take a boat and enjoy the amazing mountains and clear water. The Reed Flute Cave is also wonderful, with strange rock formations. Don’t miss Guilin rice noodles, a delicious local food. Guilin has a long history, with many ancient stories.
My suggestions: Bring light clothes and a hat for the sun. Also, hire a guide to learn more about the places.
Hope you have a great trip!
Yours,
Li Hua
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇应用文，给Linda的回信，用于回应对方旅行咨询，介绍城市信息并提建议。
②时态：以一般现在时为主，描述城市常态信息，建议内容也用一般现在时。
③提示：需涵盖城市地理位置、天气、至少2个景点、美食、历史，还要给2条建议，注意内容完整，突出桂林特色，衔接自然。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图。开篇回应Linda来信，引出要推荐的城市，自然开启介绍。
第二步，具体阐述内容。从地理位置、天气、景点、芦笛岩、美食、历史等多方面介绍，丰富内容。
第三步，书写结语。给出建议，并表达祝福，让书信完整收尾。
[亮点词汇]
①lies in位于
②make up for弥补
③ancient stories古老故事
④hire a guide雇佣导游
[高分句型]
①I think Guilin is one of the most beautiful cities in China. (运用“one of +形容词最高级+可数名词复数”句型，突出桂林在中国城市中的美丽程度，增强表达效果。)
②You must visit the Li River, where you can take a boat and enjoy the amazing mountains and clear water. (含where引导的定语从句)
③My suggestions: Bring light clothes and a hat for the sun. Also, hire a guide to learn more about the places. (动词不定式作目的状语)
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