(共73张PPT)
专题二
名词、形容词、副词和数词
超重点1 确定名词形式的3个角度
名词复数变形3年4考=名词的构词3年4考>名词所有格3年1考>数词3年0考。
新高考
命题角度
角度1 厘关系定成分，依构词准确变形
1.The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route which brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the ________ (rich) of gardening in England. (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
richness 句意：玻璃温室是当代设计的一项伟大成就，它将中国西南地区的植物安置在一条小路的尽头，这条小路沿着丝绸之路而建，将这些植物从亚洲的原生地带到了英国，使英国的园艺丰富多彩。 空处作空前介词of的宾语, 空前是定冠词, 空后是介词of, 故空处填名词，形容词rich的名词形式是richness，表“丰富”，故填richness。
答案与解析
长难句分析： design], southwestern part of China) at the end of a path along the Silk Route] native habitat in Asia) to define much of the (rich) of gardening in England]}.
2.Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international ________ (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed to find the connection between the two great writers. (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)
visibility 句意：Edmondson说，那些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。空处作宾语，且形容词international后接名词形式，visible的名词形式为visibility“知名度；能见度”，为不可数名词作宾语。故填visibility。
答案与解析
3.Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the ________ (criticize) that they lead to waste. (2024·浙江高考1月)
criticism 句意：许多超市不再进行“买一送一”的促销活动，因为有人批评这种活动会造成浪费。空处作介词短语because of的宾语，且空后是同位语从句，故此处应用名词作宾语。criticize的名词形式是criticism，表“批评”。故填criticism。
答案与解析
4.A company ________ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over the plastic to paper cups on all of 1，200 daily flights. (新高考Ⅱ卷)
representative 空处作句子主语，应用名词，空前有不定冠词修饰,应用名词单数，结合语境“一位公司代表回信告诉我”可知填名词，故填representative。
答案与解析
5.However, Carson’s theme is a more weighty ________ (warn) about environmental destruction. (2023·全国甲卷)
warning 空处作表语，由冠词和形容词修饰，故空处应填名词，表“警告”，填warning。weighty adj. “重的；重大的；严肃的”。
答案与解析
6.John Olson, a former ________ (photograph), and his team render paintings into fully textured 3-D models, like this version of Vincent Van Gogh’s “Portrait of Dr. Gachet”. (2022·浙江高考)
photographer 根据空前的John Olson可知，此处表达的是“前摄影师”，此处填photographer。
答案与解析
7.In 1844, they bought it for $1，200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their ________ (marry) ceremony in 1842.(浙江高考)
marriage 分析句子可知，空处作定语，修饰名词ceremony，表示名词ceremony的类别，所以用名词marriage作定语。marriage ceremony意为“婚礼”。故填marriage。
答案与解析
A组 外刊单句/模拟好题单句
看句子成分
1.The ________ (science) tends to find it a great ________ (satisfy) to drink several cups of green tea during his workday of busy schedule.
scientist； satisfaction 第一空作主语，且谓语是单数, 结合语境中的his可知，此处指“科学家”，故填名词scientist； 第二空作宾补，且空前是冠词a和形容词，故填名词satisfaction。
答案与解析
2.A classic branch of Chinese martial arts (武术) has won popularity overseas over the past decades, and foreign fans are growing from ________ (begin) to master.
beginner 此处是 from ... to ... 结构, 根据空后的 master可知，此处表“从初学者成长为大师”，故空处应填名词 beginner，表“初学者”。
答案与解析
3.The minute I become an activist again, my ________ (depress) goes away, because I know that I’m doing everything I possibly can to make things better.
depression 空处作主语, 应填名词, 谓语是单数，故填depression，表“沮丧”。
答案与解析
4.Now as Hangzhou has grabbed the world’s attention, tourists from various places have gathered to this heavenly city to enjoy its slow life pace and beautiful natural ________ (surround).
surroundings 句意：如今，随着杭州吸引了全世界的目光，来自各地的游客纷纷聚集在这座天堂般的城市，享受它缓慢的生活节奏和美丽的自然环境。此处应用名词surroundings “周围环境”作宾语。故填surroundings。
答案与解析
5.As ________ (consume) continues to upgrade, consumers’ demand for instant noodles is also increasing, and young consumers in first-tier cities are less sensitive to prices.
consumption 空处作主语，且谓语是单数形式，此处表“消费”，故填不可数名词consumption。
答案与解析
6.Except that, Fonda now has the ________ (wise) to realise it isn’t really about luck—it’s about being open to new ideas.
wisdom 空处作宾语，且空前是定冠词the，故空处填wise的名词形式wisdom。
答案与解析
7.The famous Chinese Pu’er tea that has delighted and fascinated the world for millennia has finally received top-level global ________ (recognize) as a shared cultural treasure of mankind.
recognition 句意：千百年来让世界愉悦、着迷的中国著名的普洱茶，终于得到了全球顶级的认可，成为人类共同的文化瑰宝。此处作received的宾语，应用名词recognition “认可”，为不可数名词。故填recognition。
答案与解析
8.However, the greatest issue he encountered was the widespread ________ (inconsistent) in the use of drug names.
inconsistency 空前是形容词，空处应填名词作表语，inconsistent的名词形式是inconsistency，为不可数名词。故填inconsistency。
答案与解析
9.Made from seeds, leaves and flowers, incense has been used as an enjoyable ________ (pursue) for scholars.
pursuit 空处作介词as的宾语，且空前是冠词an和形容词enjoyable,故空处填单数名词，pursue的名词是pursuit。
答案与解析
10.Archaeological studies support the claim that Kublai Khan, the ________ (found) of the Yuan Dynasty, invented mutton hotpot.
founder 空处作Kublai Khan的同位语，且空前是定冠词the，结合语境“元朝的创建者”可知，此处应用名词founder，意为“创立者”。
答案与解析
11.After much ________ (suffer), the painter’s mind abandons his physical body and enters a space where a modern police officer is investigating a case involving an ancient painting.
suffering 句意：在经历了许多痛苦之后，画家的思想抛弃了他的身体，进入了一个现代警察正在调查一个涉及古代绘画的案件的空间。空处在句中作宾语，应用名词，much后接不可数名词，故填suffering。
答案与解析
12.Researchers hope laboratory ________ (analyze) on the western tomb’s burial chamber, which is currently underway, will help them determine who was buried there.
analysis 空处作主语，应用名词，谓语是单数，故填analysis。
答案与解析
看限定词和固定搭配
13.He did a quick ________ (inspect) as the boat rocked and rose and crashed down again.
inspection 空前是冠词a和形容词，故空处填单数名词inspection。
答案与解析
14.After the ______ (establish) of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, the country continued to place special emphasis on preserving and passing down the weaving technique, founding the Nanjing Yunjin Research Institute in 1957.
establishment 句意：1949年中华人民共和国成立后，国家继续特别重视保存和传承编织技术，并于1957年成立了南京云锦研究所。分析句子，设空前是定冠词the, 空后是介词of，故空处填名词establishment，意为“建立”。
答案与解析
15.Such comments have caused heated discussions over the declining physical ________ (fit) of contemporary college students, which is confirmed by the astonishing record of visits to one hospital in the city of Zhengzhou, north-central Henan Province.
fitness 句意：这样的评论引发了关于当代大学生体质下降的热烈讨论，河南中北部郑州市一家医院的惊人就诊记录证实了这一点。由空前的定冠词the和形容词physical及空后的介词of可知，此处为名词形式作宾语，故填fitness。
答案与解析
16.Given the widespread desire to travel and experience the ________ (novel) of other countries, it seems relevant to ask if there are any real benefits.
novelty 空处作experience的宾语，空前是定冠词the，空后是介词of，故此处填novel的名词novelty。
答案与解析
17.When it came to choosing a ________ (set) for this “As You Like It”, the director drew ________ (inspire) from its fight scene, in which Orlando competes with a wrestler named Charles.
setting； inspiration 第一空前是冠词a，空后是介词for，故空处填setting，表“背景”；第二空作drew的宾语，填名词inspiration，构成搭配draw (one’s) inspiration from “从……中获取灵感”。
答案与解析
18.Mount Tai, located in the east of North China Plain and the middle of Shandong Province, is known to the world for its splendid scenery.Standing out from the Shandong Hills, it is of great ________ (significant).
significance 此处为固定搭配“be of +名词”，相当于“be +同根形容词”，故填significance。
答案与解析
bining songs performed in the Suzhou dialect, graceful body movements, martial arts and dance, Kunqu Opera uses a ________ (vary) of movements to express specific emotions.
variety 句意：昆曲结合了苏州方言的歌曲、优美的肢体动作、武术和舞蹈，用各种各样的动作来表达特定的情感。此处为固定搭配a variety of“各种各样的”。故填variety。
答案与解析
B组 外刊原味 | Time
Since 1927, TIME has chosen a Person of the Year, the editors’ ①_______ (assess) of the individual who most shaped the headlines over the previous 12 months, for better or for worse. As a tradition, Person of the Year springs from the Great Man Theory of history, a ②________ (believe) that individuals have the power to transform society. The ③________ (selection) over the years have tended to follow certain patterns. The
assessment
belief
selections
person chosen has typically been a ④________ (rule) over traditional domains of power. He—and yes, usually it has been a “he”—is very often a ⑤________ (politics) or a titan of industry. Fourteen U.S. Presidents, five leaders of Russia, and three Popes have all been recognized.
①assessment 空前是名词所有格，故空处填名词assessment。
②belief 空前是冠词a, 空后是that引导的同位语从句，故空处填名词belief。
答案与解析
ruler
politician
③selections 空处作主语，且谓语是have tended，故填复数名词selections。
④ruler 此处指“统治者”，且空前是冠词a，故填ruler。
⑤politician 空前是冠词a，且语境中的he, five leaders说明此处指“政治家”，故填名词politician。
答案与解析
角度2 看限定依规则定名词复数
1.These plants included modern Western ________ (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
favourites 句意：这些植物包括现代西方最受喜爱的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。favourite在本句中是可数名词，意为“最喜爱的物”，根据空后such as rosemary, lavender and fennel可知，空处应用名词的复数形式。故填favourites。
答案与解析
2.Although they could never have met, there are common ________ (theme) in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)
themes 句意：虽然他们永远无法见面，但他们的作品中有一些相似的主题。本句为there be句型，为倒装句，根据谓语动词are可判断，本句主语为名词的复数形式。故填themes。
答案与解析
3.They also need to be ready to give ________ (interview) in English with international journalists. (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)
interviews 分析句子结构可知，空处作动词give的宾语，应用名词。空前无限定词，且空后是“with international journalists”，故名词interview在此应用复数，故填interviews。
答案与解析
4.The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ________ (population) and homes of giant pandas, and eventually achieve a desired level of population in the wild. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
populations population在此意为“种群”，是可数名词，根据空前的separate “不同的；分开的”可知，此处应用名词的复数形式，和and后的复数名词homes并列在句中作宾语，故填populations。
答案与解析
5.Thanks to Beijing’s long history as the capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic ________ (event). (2023·浙江高考1月)
events 此处表“几乎每一条胡同都有自己的故事，甚至有些还和历史事件有关”。event “事件”，是可数名词，其前无限定词修饰，且根据句意可知，历史事件肯定不止一件，故填events。
答案与解析
6.The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ________ (human) are. (新高考Ⅰ卷)
humans 句意：当你站在山顶看见波涛汹涌般的云海，你会想到我们人类是多么渺小。human是we的同位语，we为复数，故human应用复数形式，填humans。
答案与解析
7.But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place which welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural ________ (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. (2023·全国乙卷)
wonders wonder在此表“奇迹，奇观”，是可数名词，在with引导的复合结构中, wonder是宾语，与后面表示历史古建筑的名词复数buildings应保持结构一致，采用名词复数形式，形成对照。故填wonders。
答案与解析
8.One study showed that (woman) who drank a lot of coffee, like eight or more cups per day, while they were pregnant were more likely to have ________ (child) with birth defects.(浙江高考改编)
women； children 根据该句中的代词they和第一空前无表示“一”的限定词可知，第一空应用复数形式，填women； 第二空在句中作宾语，且与句中已有的主语they一致，应用复数形式，填children。
答案与解析
9.Mangroves can help soften waves and protect ________ (city) from coastal winds. For these reasons, they are praised as “coastal guardians”. (2023·北京高考)
cities 句意：红树林有助于减缓海浪，并且保护城市免受沿海风的侵袭。此处作宾语，city为可数名词，应用复数形式表泛指，故填cities。
答案与解析
A组 外刊单句/模拟好题单句
据修饰语判断
1.Organizers called for looking for opportunities hidden in these _______ (crisis) and using dialogue and cooperation to handle differences in order to build a fair, better world.
crises 空前是these，故空处填复数名词，crisis的复数形式是crises。
答案与解析
2.As one of the most famous ________ (landmark) in China, the Great Wall attracts millions of ________ (tourist) from around the globe every year.
landmarks； tourists 句意：作为中国最著名的地标之一，长城每年吸引着数百万来自世界各地的游客。第一空前有one of the，故landmark用复数形式，填landmarks； 第二空tourist “游客”，为可数名词，根据空前 “millions of”可知，此处填复数名词tourists。
答案与解析
3.The garden has various ________ (attraction) with fancy names such as Butterfly Drops into Greens and the Setting Sun on the Lotus Pool.
attractions 根据空前的形容词 various可知，空处应填名词的复数形式作宾语，attraction 意为“景点”，为可数名词。故填 attractions。
答案与解析
4.The Miao ethnic group residing largely in southwest China’s Guizhou Province has a population of 4.3 million and more than 100 ________ (branch).
branches 空处需填名词作宾语，branch意为“分支”，是可数名词，结合“more than 100”可知，此处为名词复数形式。故填branches。
答案与解析
5.The crispy (松脆的) pancakes, usually called jian bing, are one of China’s most popular ________ (breakfast).
breakfasts 句意：酥脆的薄饼，通常被称为煎饼，是中国最受欢迎的早餐之一。空前有one of，空处用复数，故填breakfasts。
答案与解析
6.Some of my fondest childhood ________ (memory) include my years at a convent school, where I learnt Christmas carols for the first time.
memories 空后谓语动词是include，复数形式，故空处用复数名词，填memories。
答案与解析
据语境和名词用法判断
7.The fun game gained popularity during the Tang Dynasty, when ________ (store) specializing in the shuttlecock business appeared.
stores 空处作主语，且此处指“商店”，空前无表“一”的限定词，故此处填复数名词stores。
答案与解析
8.Families come together for plentiful feasts, exchanging gifts, and paying ________ (respect) to ancestors.
respects 句意：家人聚在一起享用丰盛的盛宴，交换礼物，并祭奠祖先。短语pay respects to表“向……表达敬意”。故填respects。
答案与解析
9.Red lanterns decorate ________ (business) and residences. Double rows of red “Xi” letters are pasted on gates and doors.
businesses 空处和residences并列，作decorate的宾语，此处business表“商业机构，商店”，是可数名词，应用复数形式表泛指。故填businesses。
答案与解析
10.At the last weekend of November, I drove to Fragrant Hills Park to see red ________ (leaf) with my wife.
leaves 句意：在11月份的最后一个周末，我开车和妻子去香山公园看红叶。leaf是可数名词，根据语境可知，该处用leaf的复数形式。
答案与解析
11.Some groups carry heavy black sticks. They use them to hit each other while they dance. Other groups wave ________ (handkerchief) in the air while they dance.
handkerchiefs/handkerchieves 句意：还有一些人一边跳舞一边在空中挥舞手帕。根据上文Other groups可知，数量大于一，应用复数形式。故填handkerchiefs或handkerchieves。
答案与解析
据谓语判断
12.The reason why we might grind (磨) our ________ (tooth) is not fully understood, though ________ (study) show that 70 per cent of cases are likely to be the result of stress.
teeth； studies tooth是可数名词, 第一空前无表“一”的限定词，且此处表“磨牙”，牙不止一颗，故填复数形式teeth； 第二空作主语,空后谓语是show，故填复数名词studies。
答案与解析
13.The researchers showed that ________ (patient) who underwent surgery were more likely to sustain nerve ________ (injury) related to the procedure.
patients； injuries 第一空patient“病人”是可数名词, 谓语是were，故填patients；第二空injury是可数名词, 空前无限定词，故用复数形式。
答案与解析
14.________ (video) featuring elderly men dancing alone have appeared on social media platforms.
Videos video为可数名词，作主语，根据后文have可知，此处为复数形式，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Videos。
答案与解析
B组 外刊原味 | New Scientist
Most ①________ (adult) view human life as especially precious. For example, a survey of millions of people in 233 ②________ (country), most of them in their twenties, found they largely agreed that self-driving cars should crash into dogs or cats instead of people if they had to make ③________ (choose). However, growing evidence suggests many ④________ (teenager) feel differently.
adults
countries
choices
teenagers
①adults 空前是most，故可数名词adult应用复数形式。
②countries 空前是233，故空处填复数名词countries。
③choices 空处作宾语, 应用名词，make choices “作选择”，故填choices。
④teenagers 根据空前的many可知，此处teenager应用复数形式，填teenagers。
答案与解析
角度3 名词所有格与名词作定语
1.“I really want to make this work for ________ (people) lives today, and I know that doesn’t always mean returning a dress on the Monday after a special weekend，” she says. (2025·浙江高考1月)
people’s lives与people之间是所属关系，应用名词所有格。
答案与解析
2.The latest ________ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful. (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
engineering 句意：使用最新的工程技术创建一个既有保护功能又美观的结构。此处修饰techniques，表“工程技术”，应填名词engineering作定语。
答案与解析
3.“He saved my ________ (son) life，” said Mrs. Brown. (2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)
son’s 句意：他救了我儿子的性命。设空处修饰life，故填所有格son’s。
答案与解析
4.It is calculated by dividing a ________ (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared.(浙江高考)
person’s 此处指一个人的体重公斤数除以身高米数的平方，故填person的所有格形式。
答案与解析
1.A new branch of the Palace Museum is expected to rise on Beijing outskirts over the next few years to better showcase the ________ (museum) cultural relics.
museum’s 句意：故宫博物院的一个新分馆预计将在未来几年内在北京郊区拔地而起，以更好地展示故宫的文物。修饰名词词组cultural relics应用名词所有格museum’s表示“博物馆的”。故填museum’s。
答案与解析
2.He got a ________ (sport) injury at a young age and decided to start practicing Tai Chi at a local club in France.
sports 所填词作定语，修饰名词injury，表“运动伤”，表示伤的类别，用名词作定语，填sports。其他类似用法有：sports car“跑车”。
答案与解析
3.An increasing number of teenagers prefer to eat snacks and other fast food, which accounts for the rise in ________ (weigh) problems.
weight 空处作定语，修饰名词problems，表问题的类别，填weigh的名词形式weight。
答案与解析超重点1 确定名词形式的3个角度
新高考命题角度 | 名词复数变形3年4考=名词的构词3年4考>名词所有格3年1考>数词3年0考。
角度1 厘关系定成分,依构词准确变形
高考先行
1.The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route which brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the ________ (rich) of gardening in England. (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
2.Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international ________ (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed to find the connection between the two great writers. (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)
3.Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the ________ (criticize) that they lead to waste. (2024·浙江高考1月)
4.A company ________ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over the plastic to paper cups on all of 1,200 daily flights. (新高考Ⅱ卷)
5.However, Carson’s theme is a more weighty ________ (warn) about environmental destruction. (2023·全国甲卷)
6.John Olson, a former ________ (photograph), and his team render paintings into fully textured 3-D models, like this version of Vincent Van Gogh’s “Portrait of Dr. Gachet”. (2022·浙江高考)
7.In 1844, they bought it for $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their ________ (marry) ceremony in 1842.(浙江高考)
技法图解
考点简图
好题再练
A组 外刊单句/模拟好题单句
看句子成分
1.The ________ (science) tends to find it a great ________ (satisfy) to drink several cups of green tea during his workday of busy schedule.
2.A classic branch of Chinese martial arts (武术) has won popularity overseas over the past decades, and foreign fans are growing from ________ (begin) to master.
3.The minute I become an activist again, my ________ (depress) goes away, because I know that I’m doing everything I possibly can to make things better.
4.Now as Hangzhou has grabbed the world’s attention, tourists from various places have gathered to this heavenly city to enjoy its slow life pace and beautiful natural ________ (surround).
5.As ________ (consume) continues to upgrade, consumers’ demand for instant noodles is also increasing, and young consumers in first-tier cities are less sensitive to prices.
6.Except that, Fonda now has the ________ (wise) to realise it isn’t really about luck—it’s about being open to new ideas.
7.The famous Chinese Pu’er tea that has delighted and fascinated the world for millennia has finally received top-level global ________ (recognize) as a shared cultural treasure of mankind.
8.However, the greatest issue he encountered was the widespread ________ (inconsistent) in the use of drug names.
9.Made from seeds, leaves and flowers, incense has been used as an enjoyable ________ (pursue) for scholars.
10.Archaeological studies support the claim that Kublai Khan, the ________ (found) of the Yuan Dynasty, invented mutton hotpot.
11.After much ________ (suffer), the painter’s mind abandons his physical body and enters a space where a modern police officer is investigating a case involving an ancient painting.
12.Researchers hope laboratory ________ (analyze) on the western tomb’s burial chamber, which is currently underway, will help them determine who was buried there.
看限定词和固定搭配
13.He did a quick ________ (inspect) as the boat rocked and rose and crashed down again.
14.After the ________ (establish) of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, the country continued to place special emphasis on preserving and passing down the weaving technique, founding the Nanjing Yunjin Research Institute in 1957.
15.Such comments have caused heated discussions over the declining physical ________ (fit) of contemporary college students, which is confirmed by the astonishing record of visits to one hospital in the city of Zhengzhou, north-central Henan Province.
16.Given the widespread desire to travel and experience the ________ (novel) of other countries, it seems relevant to ask if there are any real benefits.
17.When it came to choosing a ________ (set) for this “As You Like It”, the director drew ________ (inspire) from its fight scene, in which Orlando competes with a wrestler named Charles.
18.Mount Tai, located in the east of North China Plain and the middle of Shandong Province, is known to the world for its splendid scenery.Standing out from the Shandong Hills, it is of great ________ (significant).
bining songs performed in the Suzhou dialect, graceful body movements, martial arts and dance, Kunqu Opera uses a ________ (vary) of movements to express specific emotions.
B组 外刊原味 | Time
Since 1927, TIME has chosen a Person of the Year, the editors’ ①________ (assess) of the individual who most shaped the headlines over the previous 12 months, for better or for worse. As a tradition, Person of the Year springs from the Great Man Theory of history, a ②________ (believe) that individuals have the power to transform society. The ③________ (selection) over the years have tended to follow certain patterns. The person chosen has typically been a ④________ (rule) over traditional domains of power. He—and yes, usually it has been a “he”—is very often a ⑤________ (politics) or a titan of industry. Fourteen U.S. Presidents, five leaders of Russia, and three Popes have all been recognized.
角度2 看限定依规则定名词复数
高考先行
1.These plants included modern Western ________ (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
2.Although they could never have met, there are common ________ (theme) in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)
3.They also need to be ready to give ________ (interview) in English with international journalists. (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)
4.The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ________ (population) and homes of giant pandas, and eventually achieve a desired level of population in the wild. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
5.Thanks to Beijing’s long history as the capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic ________ (event). (2023·浙江高考1月)
6.The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ________ (human) are. (新高考Ⅰ卷)
7.But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place which welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural ________ (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. (2023·全国乙卷)
8.One study showed that (woman) who drank a lot of coffee, like eight or more cups per day, while they were pregnant were more likely to have ________ (child) with birth defects.(浙江高考改编)
9.Mangroves can help soften waves and protect ________ (city) from coastal winds. For these reasons, they are praised as “coastal guardians”. (2023·北京高考)
技法图解
考点简图
好题再练
A组 外刊单句/模拟好题单句
据修饰语判断
1.Organizers called for looking for opportunities hidden in these ________ (crisis) and using dialogue and cooperation to handle differences in order to build a fair, better world.
2.As one of the most famous ________ (landmark) in China, the Great Wall attracts millions of ________ (tourist) from around the globe every year.
3.The garden has various ________ (attraction) with fancy names such as Butterfly Drops into Greens and the Setting Sun on the Lotus Pool.
4.The Miao ethnic group residing largely in southwest China’s Guizhou Province has a population of 4.3 million and more than 100 ________ (branch).
5.The crispy (松脆的) pancakes, usually called jian bing, are one of China’s most popular ________ (breakfast).
6.Some of my fondest childhood ________ (memory) include my years at a convent school, where I learnt Christmas carols for the first time.
据语境和名词用法判断
7.The fun game gained popularity during the Tang Dynasty, when ________ (store) specializing in the shuttlecock business appeared.
8.Families come together for plentiful feasts, exchanging gifts, and paying ________ (respect) to ancestors.
9.Red lanterns decorate ________ (business) and residences. Double rows of red “Xi” letters are pasted on gates and doors.
10.At the last weekend of November, I drove to Fragrant Hills Park to see red ________ (leaf) with my wife.
11.Some groups carry heavy black sticks. They use them to hit each other while they dance. Other groups wave ________ (handkerchief) in the air while they dance.
据谓语判断
12.The reason why we might grind (磨) our ________ (tooth) is not fully understood, though ________ (study) show that 70 per cent of cases are likely to be the result of stress.
13.The researchers showed that ________ (patient) who underwent surgery were more likely to sustain nerve ________ (injury) related to the procedure.
14.________ (video) featuring elderly men dancing alone have appeared on social media platforms.
B组 外刊原味 | New Scientist
Most ①________ (adult) view human life as especially precious. For example, a survey of millions of people in 233 ②________ (country), most of them in their twenties, found they largely agreed that self-driving cars should crash into dogs or cats instead of people if they had to make ③________ (choose). However, growing evidence suggests many ④________ (teenager) feel differently.
角度3 名词所有格与名词作定语
高考先行
1.“I really want to make this work for ________ (people) lives today, and I know that doesn’t always mean returning a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says. (2025·浙江高考1月)
2.The latest ________ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful. (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
3.“He saved my ________ (son) life,” said Mrs. Brown. (2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)
4.It is calculated by dividing a ________ (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared.(浙江高考)
考点简图
好题再练
1.A new branch of the Palace Museum is expected to rise on Beijing outskirts over the next few years to better showcase the ________ (museum) cultural relics.
2.He got a ________ (sport) injury at a young age and decided to start practicing Tai Chi at a local club in France.
3.An increasing number of teenagers prefer to eat snacks and other fast food, which accounts for the rise in ________ (weigh) problems.
超重点1
角度1
高考先行
1.richness 句意:玻璃温室是当代设计的一项伟大成就,它将中国西南地区的植物安置在一条小路的尽头,这条小路沿着丝绸之路而建,将这些植物从亚洲的原生地带到了英国,使英国的园艺丰富多彩。 空处作空前介词of的宾语, 空前是定冠词, 空后是介词of, 故空处填名词,形容词rich的名词形式是richness,表“丰富”,故填richness。
长难句分析: design], southwestern part of China) at the end of a path along the Silk Route] native habitat in Asia) to define much of the (rich) of gardening in England]}.
2.visibility 句意:Edmondson说,那些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度,并补充说,游客们穿过故居花园时,常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。空处作宾语,且形容词international后接名词形式,visible的名词形式为visibility“知名度;能见度”,为不可数名词作宾语。故填visibility。
3.criticism 句意:许多超市不再进行“买一送一”的促销活动,因为有人批评这种活动会造成浪费。空处作介词短语because of的宾语,且空后是同位语从句,故此处应用名词作宾语。criticize的名词形式是criticism,表“批评”。故填criticism。
4.representative 空处作句子主语,应用名词,空前有不定冠词修饰,应用名词单数,结合语境“一位公司代表回信告诉我”可知填名词,故填representative。
5.warning 空处作表语,由冠词和形容词修饰,故空处应填名词,表“警告”,填warning。weighty adj. “重的;重大的;严肃的”。
6.photographer 根据空前的John Olson可知,此处表达的是“前摄影师”,此处填photographer。
7.marriage 分析句子可知,空处作定语,修饰名词ceremony,表示名词ceremony的类别,所以用名词marriage作定语。marriage ceremony意为“婚礼”。故填marriage。
好题再练
A组
1.scientist; satisfaction 第一空作主语,且谓语是单数, 结合语境中的his可知,此处指“科学家”,故填名词scientist; 第二空作宾补,且空前是冠词a和形容词,故填名词satisfaction。
2.beginner 此处是 from ... to ... 结构, 根据空后的 master可知,此处表“从初学者成长为大师”,故空处应填名词 beginner,表“初学者”。
3.depression 空处作主语, 应填名词, 谓语是单数,故填depression,表“沮丧”。
4.surroundings 句意:如今,随着杭州吸引了全世界的目光,来自各地的游客纷纷聚集在这座天堂般的城市,享受它缓慢的生活节奏和美丽的自然环境。此处应用名词surroundings “周围环境”作宾语。故填surroundings。
5.consumption 空处作主语,且谓语是单数形式,此处表“消费”,故填不可数名词consumption。
6.wisdom 空处作宾语,且空前是定冠词the,故空处填wise的名词形式wisdom。
7.recognition 句意:千百年来让世界愉悦、着迷的中国著名的普洱茶,终于得到了全球顶级的认可,成为人类共同的文化瑰宝。此处作received的宾语,应用名词recognition “认可”,为不可数名词。故填recognition。
8.inconsistency 空前是形容词,空处应填名词作表语,inconsistent的名词形式是inconsistency,为不可数名词。故填inconsistency。
9.pursuit 空处作介词as的宾语,且空前是冠词an和形容词enjoyable,故空处填单数名词,pursue的名词是pursuit。
10.founder 空处作Kublai Khan的同位语,且空前是定冠词the,结合语境“元朝的创建者”可知,此处应用名词founder,意为“创立者”。
11.suffering 句意:在经历了许多痛苦之后,画家的思想抛弃了他的身体,进入了一个现代警察正在调查一个涉及古代绘画的案件的空间。空处在句中作宾语,应用名词,much后接不可数名词,故填suffering。
12.analysis 空处作主语,应用名词,谓语是单数,故填analysis。
13.inspection 空前是冠词a和形容词,故空处填单数名词inspection。
14.establishment 句意:1949年中华人民共和国成立后,国家继续特别重视保存和传承编织技术,并于1957年成立了南京云锦研究所。分析句子,设空前是定冠词the, 空后是介词of,故空处填名词establishment,意为“建立”。
15.fitness 句意:这样的评论引发了关于当代大学生体质下降的热烈讨论,河南中北部郑州市一家医院的惊人就诊记录证实了这一点。由空前的定冠词the和形容词physical及空后的介词of可知,此处为名词形式作宾语,故填fitness。
16.novelty 空处作experience的宾语,空前是定冠词the,空后是介词of,故此处填novel的名词novelty。
17.setting; inspiration 第一空前是冠词a,空后是介词for,故空处填setting,表“背景”;第二空作drew的宾语,填名词inspiration,构成搭配draw (one’s) inspiration from “从……中获取灵感”。
18.significance 此处为固定搭配“be of +名词”,相当于“be +同根形容词”,故填significance。
19.variety 句意:昆曲结合了苏州方言的歌曲、优美的肢体动作、武术和舞蹈,用各种各样的动作来表达特定的情感。此处为固定搭配a variety of“各种各样的”。故填variety。
B组
①assessment 空前是名词所有格,故空处填名词assessment。
②belief 空前是冠词a, 空后是that引导的同位语从句,故空处填名词belief。
③selections 空处作主语,且谓语是have tended,故填复数名词selections。
④ruler 此处指“统治者”,且空前是冠词a,故填ruler。
⑤politician 空前是冠词a,且语境中的he, five leaders说明此处指“政治家”,故填名词politician。
角度2
高考先行
1.favourites 句意:这些植物包括现代西方最受喜爱的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。favourite在本句中是可数名词,意为“最喜爱的物”,根据空后such as rosemary, lavender and fennel可知,空处应用名词的复数形式。故填favourites。
2.themes 句意:虽然他们永远无法见面,但他们的作品中有一些相似的主题。本句为there be句型,为倒装句,根据谓语动词are可判断,本句主语为名词的复数形式。故填themes。
3.interviews 分析句子结构可知,空处作动词give的宾语,应用名词。空前无限定词,且空后是“with international journalists”,故名词interview在此应用复数,故填interviews。
4.populations population在此意为“种群”,是可数名词,根据空前的separate “不同的;分开的”可知,此处应用名词的复数形式,和and后的复数名词homes并列在句中作宾语,故填populations。
5.events 此处表“几乎每一条胡同都有自己的故事,甚至有些还和历史事件有关”。event “事件”,是可数名词,其前无限定词修饰,且根据句意可知,历史事件肯定不止一件,故填events。
6.humans 句意:当你站在山顶看见波涛汹涌般的云海,你会想到我们人类是多么渺小。human是we的同位语,we为复数,故human应用复数形式,填humans。
7.wonders wonder在此表“奇迹,奇观”,是可数名词,在with引导的复合结构中, wonder是宾语,与后面表示历史古建筑的名词复数buildings应保持结构一致,采用名词复数形式,形成对照。故填wonders。
8.women; children 根据该句中的代词they和第一空前无表示“一”的限定词可知,第一空应用复数形式,填women; 第二空在句中作宾语,且与句中已有的主语they一致,应用复数形式,填children。
9.cities 句意:红树林有助于减缓海浪,并且保护城市免受沿海风的侵袭。此处作宾语,city为可数名词,应用复数形式表泛指,故填cities。
好题再练
A组
1.crises 空前是these,故空处填复数名词,crisis的复数形式是crises。
2.landmarks; tourists 句意:作为中国最著名的地标之一,长城每年吸引着数百万来自世界各地的游客。第一空前有one of the,故landmark用复数形式,填landmarks; 第二空tourist “游客”,为可数名词,根据空前 “millions of”可知,此处填复数名词tourists。
3.attractions 根据空前的形容词 various可知,空处应填名词的复数形式作宾语,attraction 意为“景点”,为可数名词。故填 attractions。
4.branches 空处需填名词作宾语,branch意为“分支”,是可数名词,结合“more than 100”可知,此处为名词复数形式。故填branches。
5.breakfasts 句意:酥脆的薄饼,通常被称为煎饼,是中国最受欢迎的早餐之一。空前有one of,空处用复数,故填breakfasts。
6.memories 空后谓语动词是include,复数形式,故空处用复数名词,填memories。
7.stores 空处作主语,且此处指“商店”,空前无表“一”的限定词,故此处填复数名词stores。
8.respects 句意:家人聚在一起享用丰盛的盛宴,交换礼物,并祭奠祖先。短语pay respects to表“向……表达敬意”。故填respects。
9.businesses 空处和residences并列,作decorate的宾语,此处business表“商业机构,商店”,是可数名词,应用复数形式表泛指。故填businesses。
10.leaves 句意:在11月份的最后一个周末,我开车和妻子去香山公园看红叶。leaf是可数名词,根据语境可知,该处用leaf的复数形式。
11.handkerchiefs/handkerchieves 句意:还有一些人一边跳舞一边在空中挥舞手帕。根据上文Other groups可知,数量大于一,应用复数形式。故填handkerchiefs或handkerchieves。
12.teeth; studies tooth是可数名词, 第一空前无表“一”的限定词,且此处表“磨牙”,牙不止一颗,故填复数形式teeth; 第二空作主语,空后谓语是show,故填复数名词studies。
13.patients; injuries 第一空patient“病人”是可数名词, 谓语是were,故填patients;第二空injury是可数名词, 空前无限定词,故用复数形式。
14.Videos video为可数名词,作主语,根据后文have可知,此处为复数形式,位于句首,首字母要大写。故填Videos。
B组
①adults 空前是most,故可数名词adult应用复数形式。
②countries 空前是233,故空处填复数名词countries。
③choices 空处作宾语, 应用名词,make choices “作选择”,故填choices。
④teenagers 根据空前的many可知,此处teenager应用复数形式,填teenagers。
角度3
高考先行
1.people’s lives与people之间是所属关系,应用名词所有格。
2.engineering 句意:使用最新的工程技术创建一个既有保护功能又美观的结构。此处修饰techniques,表“工程技术”,应填名词engineering作定语。
3.son’s 句意:他救了我儿子的性命。设空处修饰life,故填所有格son’s。
4.person’s 此处指一个人的体重公斤数除以身高米数的平方,故填person的所有格形式。
好题再练
1.museum’s 句意:故宫博物院的一个新分馆预计将在未来几年内在北京郊区拔地而起,以更好地展示故宫的文物。修饰名词词组cultural relics应用名词所有格museum’s表示“博物馆的”。故填museum’s。
2.sports 所填词作定语,修饰名词injury,表“运动伤”,表示伤的类别,用名词作定语,填sports。其他类似用法有:sports car“跑车”。
3.weight 空处作定语,修饰名词problems,表问题的类别,填weigh的名词形式weight。
