必修第三册 UNIT 1
阅读 (2022·天津高考改编) 体裁:记叙文 主题语境:节日 难度:★★☆☆
It was a dark and stormy night. The ferocious wind shook the windows wildly, as though someone outside were beating on the glass. It was also New Year’s Eve. We were having our annual party and had a house full of people just starting to celebrate.
Suddenly, we heard loud explosions. Looking outside and up into the hills, we saw sparks (火花) flying from electrical transformers (变压器). One area after another went dark up in those hills. Then there was the loudest explosion of them all and our house went dark too. I tried to find every candle we had and lit them. The candles made everything look lovely. But we had problems. We had fifteen people standing around and we still had to cook dinner. How would we do that without electricity
The barbecue! Why not cook on the barbecue We men went outside, some holding flashlights and others cooking. We did a wonderful job. The women stayed inside and got the salads ready. Everything was delicious. There were still a few hours to go before the beginning of the new year, so we all sat around the dining room table and sang up until a few minutes before midnight. We couldn’t watch the ball drop in Times Square on television but that wouldn’t stop us from celebrating. I stood on a chair and, with the help of someone’s watch to tell us the time, we all counted down and I dropped a tennis ball! We all screamed Happy New Year. We didn’t need electricity for that!
Nowadays, we still get together with the same group to celebrate the New Year and we still talk about that special night. I don’t think we have ever laughed so much as we did on that New Year’s Eve.
1.What does the underlined word “ferocious” mean in paragraph 1
A. Typical. B. Medium. C. Atmospheric. D. Fierce.
2.What made dinner preparation difficult according to paragraph 2
A. The absence of cooks. B. The power failure.
C. Loud explosions. D. Food shortage.
3.How did the people celebrate on New Year’s Eve according to the passage
A. They cooked on the barbecue, sang, and counted down.
B. They sang, danced and watched the ball drop.
C. They had a barbecue and threw tennis ball.
D. They sat around enjoying a great candlelight dinner.
4.How does the author feel about that particular New Year’s Eve
A. Fantastic and explosive. B. Special and fearful.
C. Unique and joyful. D. Creative and comfortable.
七选五 (2022·全国甲卷) 体裁:说明文 主题语境:文化风俗 难度:★★★☆
Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. 1 . Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family—no matter where you are in the world.
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. 2 .
Hands or Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. 3 , instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
Making Requests
4 . In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. 5 , the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A. The more friends you make in your lifetime
B. The more time you spend in any given country
C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
语法填空 (外刊原味11) 体裁:说明文 主题语境:文化风俗 难度:★★☆☆☆ | Time
Billions of people have begun their 15-day celebration of the Lunar New Year, marked by the many red paper cuts, Chinese lanterns, 1.__________ banners (横幅) decorating homes and businesses.
The Lunar New Year, also known as the Spring Festival, is one of the 2.__________ (popular) holidays in China, though it 3.__________ (celebrate) all across the Asian continent and in pockets of ethnic communities around 4.__________ globe.
In the second most populous country of the world, Chinese locals, along with tourists, gathered 5.__________ (mark) the holiday by setting off firecrackers and fireworks.
A continent away, Asian communities in the U.S. are also observing the 6.__________ (joy) occasion. Celebrations are 7.__________ (especial) remarkable in California, the state with the largest number of Chinese immigrants. The Golden State marks their holiday with celebrations 8.__________ (feature) lion dances, and floral arts displays and the highly-anticipated Golden Dragon Lunar New Year Parade in Los Angeles.
In Indonesia, families traditionally go to their local temple to celebrate the 9.__________ (begin) of the Lunar New Year. Religious centers are usually decorated with red lanterns and large red candles. There are other fun cultural events like lion dances, music, and creative performances. In South Africa,celebrants put on traditional outfits, offered prayers, and enjoyed a traditional dance 10.__________ people performed with a large dragon puppet.
阅读
本文记叙了作者经历过的一个突发事故,新年夜变压器爆炸,十五个朋友面面相觑,没有电还需要做年夜饭,但作者和朋友一起努力,度过了一个美好的新年夜。
1.D 词句猜测题。根据画线词后的“shook the windows wildly, as though someone outside were beating on the glass (猛烈地摇动着窗户,好像外面有人在敲打着玻璃)”结合常识可知,风肯定很大才会像窗外有人敲打着玻璃;故画线词应该是“猛烈的”之意,故与形容词fierce“猛烈的”同义。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“We had fifteen people standing around and we still had to cook dinner. How would we do that without electricity (我们15个人,还得做晚饭。没有电,我们要怎么办呢 )”可知,如何在断电的情况下准备这么多人的晚餐,变得很困难。
3.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Why not cook on the barbecue (为什么不在烧烤架上做呢 )”“so we all sat around the dining room table and sang up until a few minutes before midnight (所以我们都坐在餐厅的桌子旁,一直唱到午夜前几分钟)”和“we all counted down (我们开始倒计时)”可知,大家在烧烤架上做了饭、唱了歌,也新年倒计时。故选A。
4.C 推理判断题。根据第四段“Nowadays, we still get together with the same group to celebrate the New Year and we still talk about that special night. I don’t think we have ever laughed so much as we did on that New Year’s Eve. (现在,我们仍然聚在一起庆祝新年,我们仍然谈论那个特别的夜晚。我想我们从来没有像那个新年前夜那样笑得那么开心过。)”可知,作者认为那一夜是特别的,是欢乐的。故选C。
七选五
本文是一篇说明文,介绍了不同文化的用餐礼仪及注意事项。
1.D 根据文章标题Important Things to Know When Dining Out可知,本文主要介绍的是外出就餐时应知道的重要事情。由此可知,D项“Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant (不要在餐馆犯尴尬的错误)”符合语境,其中“at a restaurant”对应标题中的“When Dining Out”,同时引起下文“无论你在世界的哪个地方,知道一些技巧将有助于确保你与朋友或家人一起吃一顿愉快的晚餐”,故选D。
2.F 根据小标题Chopstick Rules可知,本段主要介绍使用筷子的规矩。上一句指出吃饭间隙放下筷子的时候,一定要把它们放在一起,和你面前的桌子边缘平行这一恰当做法。由此可知,F项“不要把筷子笔直地插在食物上,也不要在使用筷子时交叉放置”介绍的是使用筷子时的注意事项,符合语境,其中“them”指的是上文的“chopsticks”。故选F。
3.C 根据小标题Hands or Utensils (餐具)并结合下文可知,本段主要介绍不同国家就餐时用手还是用餐具的不同风俗。设空处上下文介绍了几个国家的就餐方式。由下文的“而是更喜欢用双手”可知,C项“墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的”符合语境,与下文形成转折关系,故选C。
4.G 根据本段小标题Making Requests可知,本段主要讲述的是用餐时提请求。下文指出在葡萄牙和意大利,用餐时提出请求是很无礼的,因为这表明你不喜欢他们的调味技巧。由此可知,G项“吃饭时要盐和胡椒看似很简单”符合此处语境,其中“request”是原词复现,故选G。
5.B 根据空后的“the more comfortable ...”可推知,此处是“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构,答案锁定在A、B两项,下文指出“就会越习惯当地的异域文化习俗”可推知,B项“你在任何一个国家待的时间越长”符合文意,引出下文。下文中的its指代选项中的any given country。
语法填空
本文介绍了中国、美国加州、印度尼西亚和南非各地庆祝春节的风俗。
1.and 考查连词。空前的“the many red paper cuttings, Chinese lanterns”和空后的banners (横幅)是并列关系, 应用连词and。
2.most popular 考查形容词最高级。根据空前的one of the和空后的in China可知,此处指“最受欢迎的”, 应用形容词最高级,填most popular。
3.is celebrated 考查动词的时态和语态。 空处在though引导的状语从句中作谓语, 且与主句时态一致, 应用一般现在时, 表经常发生的动作, 主语it与celebrate是被动关系, 应用一般现在时的被动语态,填is celebrated。
4.the 考查冠词。 此处指全球, 应用the globe, 故填定冠词the。
5.to mark 考查非谓语动词。 根据语境可知, 此处指当地人和游客聚在一起庆祝新年, 表目的, 应用不定式,填to mark。
6.joyous/joyful 考查词形转换。空处作定语, 修饰名词occasion, 表“高兴的;快乐的;令人愉快的”,填形容词joyous/joyful。
7.especially 考查词形转换。 空处作状语,修饰形容词remarkable, 表“特别;尤其”,填especially。
8.featuring 考查非谓语动词。 本句已有谓语,空处为非谓语, celebrations 与feature “以……为特色”是逻辑上的主谓关系, 应用现在分词作定语,填featuring。
9.beginning 考查词形转换。空处作宾语, 且空前是定冠词, 空后是介词of, 故填名词beginning。
10.where 考查定语从句。 空处引导定语从句, 先行词是a traditional dance, 关系词在从句中作地点状语, 故用关系副词where引导定语从句。(共26张PPT)
限时练
必修第三册 UNIT 1
阅读 (2022·天津高考改编) 体裁：记叙文 主题语境：节日 难度：★★ ☆☆
It was a dark and stormy night. The ferocious wind shook the windows wildly, as though someone outside were beating on the glass. It was also New Year’s Eve. We were having our annual party and had a house full of people just starting to celebrate.
Suddenly, we heard loud explosions. Looking outside and up into the hills, we saw sparks (火花) flying from electrical transformers (变压器). One area after another went dark up in those hills. Then there was the loudest explosion of them all and our house went dark too. I tried to find every candle we had and lit them. The candles made everything look lovely. But we had problems. We had fifteen people standing around and we still had to cook dinner. How would we do that without electricity
The barbecue! Why not cook on the barbecue We men went outside, some holding flashlights and others cooking. We did a wonderful job. The women stayed inside and got the salads ready. Everything was delicious. There were still a few hours to go before the beginning of the new year, so we all sat around the dining room table and sang up until a few minutes before midnight. We couldn’t watch the ball drop in Times Square on television but that wouldn’t stop us from celebrating. I stood on a chair and, with the help of someone’s watch to tell us the time, we all counted down and I dropped a tennis ball! We all screamed Happy New Year. We didn’t need electricity for that!
Nowadays, we still get together with the same group to celebrate the New Year and we still talk about that special night. I don’t think we have ever laughed so much as we did on that New Year’s Eve.
本文记叙了作者经历过的一个突发事故，新年夜变压器爆炸，十五个朋友面面相觑，没有电还需要做年夜饭,但作者和朋友一起努力，度过了一个美好的新年夜。
1.What does the underlined word “ferocious” mean in paragraph 1
A. Typical. B. Medium. C. Atmospheric. D. Fierce.
词句猜测题。根据画线词后的“shook the windows wildly, as though someone outside were beating on the glass (猛烈地摇动着窗户，好像外面有人在敲打着玻璃)”结合常识可知，风肯定很大才会像窗外有人敲打着玻璃；故画线词应该是“猛烈的”之意，故与形容词fierce
“猛烈的”同义。
答案与解析
2.What made dinner preparation difficult according to paragraph 2
A. The absence of cooks. B. The power failure.
C. Loud explosions. D. Food shortage.
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“We had fifteen people standing around and we still had to cook dinner. How would we do that without electricity (我们15个人，还得做晚饭。没有电,我们要怎么办呢 )”可知,如何在断电的情况下准备这么多人的晚餐，变得很困难。
答案与解析
3.How did the people celebrate on New Year’s Eve according to the passage
A. They cooked on the barbecue, sang, and counted down.
B. They sang, danced and watched the ball drop.
C. They had a barbecue and threw tennis ball.
D. They sat around enjoying a great candlelight dinner.
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Why not cook on the barbecue (为什么不在烧烤架上做呢 )”“so we all sat around the dining room table and sang up until a few minutes before midnight (所以我们都坐在餐厅的桌子旁，一直唱到午夜前几分钟)”和“we all counted down (我们开始倒计时)”可知，大家在烧烤架上做了饭、唱了歌，也新年倒计时。故选A。
答案与解析
4.How does the author feel about that particular New Year’s Eve
Fantastic and explosive.
B. Special and fearful.
C. Unique and joyful.
D. Creative and comfortable.
推理判断题。根据第四段“Nowadays, we still get together with the same group to celebrate the New Year and we still talk about that special night. I don’t think we have ever laughed so much as we did on that New Year’s Eve. (现在，我们仍然聚在一起庆祝新年，我们仍然谈论那个特别的夜晚。我想我们从来没有像那个新年前夜那样笑得那么开心过。)”可知,作者认为那一夜是特别的，是欢乐的。故选C。
答案与解析
七选五 (2022·全国甲卷) 体裁：说明文 主题语境：文化风俗 难度：★★★ ☆
Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. 1 . Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family—no matter where you are in the world.
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. 2 .
Hands or Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. 3 , instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use
their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
Making Requests
4 . In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. 5 , the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A. The more friends you make in your lifetime
B. The more time you spend in any given country
C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了不同文化的用餐礼仪及注意事项。
1.D 根据文章标题Important Things to Know When Dining Out可知，本文主要介绍的是外出就餐时应知道的重要事情。由此可知，D项“Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant (不要在餐馆犯尴尬的错误)”符合语境，其中“at a restaurant”对应标题中的“When Dining Out”，同时引起下文“无论你在世界的哪个地方，知道一些技巧将有助于确保你与朋友或家人一起吃一顿愉快的晚餐”，故选D。
答案与解析
2.F 根据小标题Chopstick Rules可知，本段主要介绍使用筷子的规矩。上一句指出吃饭间隙放下筷子的时候，一定要把它们放在一起，和你面前的桌子边缘平行这一恰当做法。由此可知，F项
“不要把筷子笔直地插在食物上，也不要在使用筷子时交叉放置”介绍的是使用筷子时的注意事项，符合语境，其中“them”指的是上文的“chopsticks”。故选F。
3.C 根据小标题Hands or Utensils (餐具)并结合下文可知，本段主要介绍不同国家就餐时用手还是用餐具的不同风俗。设空处上
答案与解析
下文介绍了几个国家的就餐方式。由下文的“而是更喜欢用双手”可知，C项“墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的”符合语境，与下文形成转折关系，故选C。
4.G 根据本段小标题Making Requests可知，本段主要讲述的是用餐时提请求。下文指出在葡萄牙和意大利，用餐时提出请求是很无礼的，因为这表明你不喜欢他们的调味技巧。由此可知，G项“吃饭时要盐和胡椒看似很简单”符合此处语境，其中“request”是原词复现，故选G。
答案与解析
5.B 根据空后的“the more comfortable ...”可推知，此处是“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，答案锁定在A、B两项，下文指出“就会越习惯当地的异域文化习俗”可推知，B项“你在任何一个国家待的时间越长”符合文意，引出下文。下文中的its指代选项中的any given country。
答案与解析
语法填空 (外刊原味11) 体裁：说明文 主题语境：文化风俗 难度：★★☆☆☆ | Time
Billions of people have begun their 15-day celebration of the Lunar New Year, marked by the many red paper cuts, Chinese lanterns, 1.__________ banners (横幅) decorating homes and businesses.
The Lunar New Year, also known as the Spring Festival, is one of the 2._____________ (popular) holidays in China, though it 3.____________ (celebrate) all across the Asian continent and in pockets of ethnic communities around 4.__________ globe.
and
most popular
is celebrated
the
In the second most populous country of the world, Chinese locals, along with tourists, gathered 5.__________ (mark) the holiday by setting off firecrackers and fireworks.
A continent away, Asian communities in the U.S. are also observing the 6.______________ (joy) occasion. Celebrations are 7.__________ (especial) remarkable in California, the state with the largest number of Chinese immigrants. The Golden State marks their holiday with celebrations 8.__________ (feature) lion dances, and floral arts displays and the highly-anticipated Golden Dragon Lunar New Year Parade in Los Angeles.
to mark
joyous/joyful
especially
featuring
In Indonesia, families traditionally go to their local temple to celebrate the 9.__________ (begin) of the Lunar New Year. Religious centers are usually decorated with red lanterns and large red candles. There are other fun cultural events like lion dances, music, and creative performances. In South Africa，celebrants put on traditional outfits, offered prayers, and enjoyed a traditional dance 10.__________ people performed with a large dragon puppet.
beginning
where
本文介绍了中国、美国加州、印度尼西亚和南非各地庆祝春节的风俗。
1.and 考查连词。空前的“the many red paper cuttings, Chinese lanterns”和空后的banners (横幅)是并列关系, 应用连词and。
2.most popular 考查形容词最高级。根据空前的one of the和空后的in China可知，此处指“最受欢迎的”, 应用形容词最高级，填most popular。
答案与解析
3.is celebrated 考查动词的时态和语态。 空处在though引导的状语从句中作谓语, 且与主句时态一致, 应用一般现在时, 表经常发生的动作, 主语it与celebrate是被动关系, 应用一般现在时的被动语态,填is celebrated。
4.the 考查冠词。 此处指全球, 应用the globe, 故填定冠词the。
5.to mark 考查非谓语动词。 根据语境可知, 此处指当地人和游客聚在一起庆祝新年, 表目的, 应用不定式，填to mark。
答案与解析
6.joyous/joyful 考查词形转换。空处作定语, 修饰名词occasion, 表“高兴的；快乐的；令人愉快的”，填形容词joyous/joyful。
7.especially 考查词形转换。 空处作状语，修饰形容词remarkable, 表“特别；尤其”，填especially。
8.featuring 考查非谓语动词。 本句已有谓语，空处为非谓语, celebrations 与feature “以……为特色”是逻辑上的主谓关系, 应用现在分词作定语，填featuring。
答案与解析
9.beginning 考查词形转换。空处作宾语, 且空前是定冠词, 空后是介词of, 故填名词beginning。
10.where 考查定语从句。 空处引导定语从句, 先行词是a traditional dance, 关系词在从句中作地点状语, 故用关系副词where引导定语从句。
答案与解析
