选择性必修第四册 UNIT 3
阅读 (全国乙卷) 体裁:说明文 主题语境:环境保护 难度:★★★☆
You’ve heard that plastic is polluting the oceans—between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.
At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse”, a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves, frozen mid-crash. Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source (来源) of plastic pollution, but they’ve recently come under fire because most people don’t need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw that’s part of Von Wong’s artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear.
In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate (说明) a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckload’s worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled “Truckload of Plastic,” Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like they’d been dumped (倾倒) from a truck all at once.
Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.
1.What are Von Wong’s artworks intended for
A. Beautifying the city he lives in. B. Introducing eco-friendly products.
C. Drawing public attention to plastic waste. D. Reducing garbage on the beach.
2.Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3
A. To show the difficulty of their recycling. B. To explain why they are useful.
C. To voice his views on modern art. D. To find a substitute for them.
3.What effect would “Truckload of Plastic” have on viewers
A. Calming. B. Disturbing. C. Refreshing. D. Challenging.
4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Artists’ Opinions on Plastic Safety B. Media Interest in Contemporary Art
C. Responsibility Demanded of Big Companies D. Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures
七选五 (2025·黑龙江名校联考) 体裁:说明文 主题语境:环境保护 难度:★★★☆☆
My mom is one of the least wasteful people I know. She always brings her own metal containers to buy basic foods like rice and flour. 1 The key is to be creative about reducing plastic and other waste—just like my mom does at home.
One effective way is to conduct a review of household rubbish. List the rubbish by room or by activity. 2 This examination will help you assess your waste output and identify the ways to reduce it. For example, use reusable bags if you find a lot of plastic bags piling up under your sink.
3 A lot of low-waste solutions might seem like they require buying special containers like silicone (硅胶) replacements for your Ziplock (带封口的) bags. But you don’t need to spend money on those items. Instead, figure out a way to repurpose the waste. Use empty cans, boxes and other food containers to store leftovers.
Beyond repurposing food containers, explore ways to save household items before throwing them away. Maybe you can mend an old pair of jeans instead of buying a new pair. Or maybe you can cut up old T-shirts into rags, which is what my mom used to do with my dad’s old T-shirts. 4 I don’t feel bad about getting grease (油脂) on them.
Remember: Lowering the amount of waste you create doesn’t have to be an all-or-nothing pursuit. 5
A. You can try reusing your containers.
B. You can live a low-waste lifestyle too.
C. She used to bring reusable bags to the market.
D. You might write “used wipes and paper towels” under “nursery”.
E. I do this now too and the rags are perfect for household cleaning.
F. Find changes that work for you and you’ll be more likely to stick with them.
G. You can try sourcing your own food by growing a garden in your community.
语法填空 (外刊原味31) 体裁:说明文 主题语境:历史与文化 难度:★★☆☆ | Beijing Review
Hammering the base, soldering, filling enamel, firing, polishing and gilding (镀金)—after these thorough 1.__________ (process), a new piece of cloisonné, known as jingtailan in Chinese, 2.__________ (emerge). Crafted from copper and porcelain, the art piece features complex patterns formed with copper wires 3.__________ is decorated with brilliant enamel glaze (珐琅釉).
Cloisonné 4.__________ (introduce) to China from Arabian countries via the ancient Silk Road in the 13th century. 5.__________ its arrival, it quickly integrated into the rich tapestry of China’s history and culture. The craft flourished during the Jingtai period of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), during 6.__________ the dominant use of blue (lan in Chinese) enamel glaze inspired its name, jingtailan.
Representing exquisite craftsmanship and rich cultural heritage, jingtailan art pieces are often used as distinguished national gifts on diplomatic occasions, symbolizing China’s artistry and commitment to 7.__________ (foster) international relations.
“8.__________ (use) precious materials and complex procedures, Chinese cloisonné is indeed a labor-intensive and time-consuming art.” Zhong, a nationally 9.__________ (recognize) inheritor (继承者) of jingtailan intangible cultural heritage, said, adding that its magnificence exudes a dignified grandeur, reflecting the Chinese nation’s 10.__________ (pursue) of beauty and auspicious culture.
阅读
艺术家Benjamin Von Wong关注塑料污染导致的环境问题,他用回收而来的废旧塑料制品创作雕塑作品,以此唤起人们对塑料制品的关注,提高人们对改善环境问题的参与意识。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.”可知,艺术家Von Wong制作雕塑的目的是迫使观众重新审视他们与一次性塑料制品的关系,即关注塑料废弃物造成的问题。
2.A 推理判断题。根据第三段的内容,尤其是其中的“Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source(来源) of plastic pollution... because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled.”可知,全球仅有9%的塑料废弃物被回收利用,而且作者特别说明了塑料吸管因为小和轻而无法被回收。由此可推知,作者在第三段讨论塑料吸管的问题是为了说明塑料吸管回收的困难。故选A。
3.B 推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知,通过2018年的一件作品,Von Wong想要说明一项明确的数据:每60秒就有一卡车的塑料进入海洋。为了这件名为“Truckload of Plastic”的作品,Von Wong和一群志愿者收集了一万多件塑料,然后这些塑料被捆到一起,就像它们是一起从卡车上倒下来的一样。这一作品直观展现了塑料污染的严重性,会令人不安,故选B。disturbing “令人不安的,令人震惊的”。
4.D 标题归纳题。通览全文可知,作者讲述了艺术家Von Wong用塑料垃圾制作雕塑以此唤起人们对环保问题的关注的事迹,因此最佳标题为D。
七选五
文章介绍了作者和妈妈学到的减少浪费,减少废物的做法。
1.B 上文提到作者的妈妈是作者认识的最不浪费的人之一,她总带着自己的金属罐来购买米面等基本食品。下文“就像我妈妈在家减少塑料和其他废物的做法一样”,由此可知,空处应与减少浪费相关;且第二~五段则介绍减少浪费的方法。结合读者对象you和主题“减少浪费”可确定B项“你也能过低浪费的生活方式”承上启下,符合语境。
2.D 上文提到的是按房间或活动列出垃圾;下文提到这种检查有助评估废物输出量并确定减少废物量的方法。空处承接上文,应接着说明如何列出垃圾,故D项“‘在婴儿房’下写下‘用过的湿巾和纸巾’”符合语境。
3.A 空处为段落小标题。下文提到许多低浪费的解决方案似乎需要购买特殊容器,例如买硅胶替代品替换带封口的口袋。最后两句提到重新利用空罐子、盒子或其他容器放剩饭菜。由此可知,本段介绍的是对容器的再利用,故A项正确。
4.E 上文提到作者的母亲用父亲的旧T恤做抹布,下文提到作者不会因为T恤上沾了油而心情不好,由此可知,空处应提到“我”也把旧T恤做成抹布,故E项“我现在也这样做,抹布非常适合家庭清洁”符合语境。选项中的this指代上文妈妈的做法, rags是原词复现。
5.F 上文提到减少浪费不是一个孤注一掷的追求,F项“找到适合你的改变,就更有可能坚持下去。”符合语境。
积累
all-or-nothing pursuit孤注一掷的追求
语法填空
景泰蓝工艺于13世纪经由丝绸之路从阿拉伯国家引入中国,并于明朝景泰期间兴旺发达,景泰蓝则作为文化遗产反映了中国人对美和吉祥的追求。
1.processes 考查名词的数。根据空前的these可知,可数名词process “过程;步骤”应用复数形式,填processes。
2.emerges 考查动词时态。空处作谓语,且此处陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时,主语是a new piece of cloisonné,谓语用单数,填emerges。
3.and 考查连词。设空前后的“features complex patterns formed with copper wires”和“is decorated with brilliant enamel glaze”是并列关系,应用并列连词and。
4.was introduced 考查动词时态和语态。主语Cloisonné与introduce是被动关系,应用被动语态,且句中时间状语是in the 13th century,应用一般过去时的被动语态,填was introduced。
5.On/Upon 考查介词。表“一到达”,应用on/upon arrival。
6.which 考查定语从句。该句为定语从句,先行词是the Jingtai period of the Ming Dynasty指时间,关系词在从句中作介词during的宾语,应用关系代词which引导定语从句。
7.fostering 考查非谓语动词。空前的to是介词,空处应填动名词,填fostering。
8.Using 考查非谓语动词。空处作状语,Chinese cloisonné与use是逻辑上的主谓关系,且空处位于句首,首字母大写,故填Using。
9.recognized 考查词形转换。空处作定语,修饰名词inheritor,应用形容词,表“公认的,有名的”,填recognized。
10.pursuit 考查词形转换。空前是名词所有格,空后是介词of,故空处填名词, pursue的名词形式为pursuit。(共26张PPT)
限时练
选择性必修第四册 UNIT 3
阅读 (全国乙卷) 体裁：说明文 主题语境：环境保护 难度：★★★ ☆
You’ve heard that plastic is polluting the oceans—between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.
At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse”, a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves, frozen mid-crash. Made of 168，000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source (来源) of plastic pollution, but they’ve recently come under fire because most people don’t need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw that’s part of Von Wong’s artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear.
In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate (说明) a specific statistic： Every 60 seconds, a truckload’s worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled “Truckload of Plastic，” Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10，000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like they’d been dumped (倾倒) from a truck all at once.
Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.
艺术家Benjamin Von Wong关注塑料污染导致的环境问题，他用回收而来的废旧塑料制品创作雕塑作品，以此唤起人们对塑料制品的关注，提高人们对改善环境问题的参与意识。
1.What are Von Wong’s artworks intended for
A. Beautifying the city he lives in.
B. Introducing eco-friendly products.
C. Drawing public attention to plastic waste.
D. Reducing garbage on the beach.
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.”可知，艺术家Von Wong制作雕塑的目的是迫使观众重新审视他们与一次性塑料制品的关系，即关注塑料废弃物造成的问题。
答案与解析
2.Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3
To show the difficulty of their recycling.
B. To explain why they are useful.
C. To voice his views on modern art.
D. To find a substitute for them.
推理判断题。根据第三段的内容，尤其是其中的“Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source(来源) of plastic pollution... because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled.”可知，全球仅有9%的塑料废弃物被回收利用，而且作者特别说明了塑料吸管因为小和轻而无法被回收。由此可推知，作者在第三段讨论塑料吸管的问题是为了说明塑料吸管回收的困难。故选A。
答案与解析
3.What effect would “Truckload of Plastic” have on viewers
A. Calming. B. Disturbing. C. Refreshing. D. Challenging.
推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知，通过2018年的一件作品，Von Wong想要说明一项明确的数据：每60秒就有一卡车的塑料进入海洋。为了这件名为“Truckload of Plastic”的作品，Von Wong和一群志愿者收集了一万多件塑料，然后这些塑料被捆到一起，就像它们是一起从卡车上倒下来的一样。这一作品直观展现了塑料污染的严重性，会令人不安，故选B。disturbing “令人不安的，令人震惊的”。
答案与解析
4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text
Artists’ Opinions on Plastic Safety
B. Media Interest in Contemporary Art
C. Responsibility Demanded of Big Companies
D. Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures
标题归纳题。通览全文可知，作者讲述了艺术家Von Wong用塑料垃圾制作雕塑以此唤起人们对环保问题的关注的事迹，因此最佳标题为D。
答案与解析
七选五 (2025·黑龙江名校联考) 体裁：说明文 主题语境：环境保护 难度：★★★☆☆
My mom is one of the least wasteful people I know. She always brings her own metal containers to buy basic foods like rice and flour.
1 The key is to be creative about reducing plastic and other waste—just like my mom does at home.
One effective way is to conduct a review of household rubbish. List the rubbish by room or by activity. 2 This examination will help you assess your waste output and identify the ways to reduce it. For example,
use reusable bags if you find a lot of plastic bags piling up under your sink.
3 A lot of low-waste solutions might seem like they require buying special containers like silicone (硅胶) replacements for your Ziplock (带封口的) bags. But you don’t need to spend money on those items. Instead, figure out a way to repurpose the waste. Use empty cans, boxes and other food containers to store leftovers.
Beyond repurposing food containers, explore ways to save household items before throwing them away. Maybe you can mend an old pair of jeans instead of buying a new pair. Or maybe you can cut up old T-shirts into rags, which is what my mom used to do with my dad’s old T-shirts.
4 I don’t feel bad about getting grease (油脂) on them.
Remember： Lowering the amount of waste you create doesn’t have to be an all-or-nothing pursuit. 5
A. You can try reusing your containers.
B. You can live a low-waste lifestyle too.
C. She used to bring reusable bags to the market.
D. You might write “used wipes and paper towels” under “nursery”.
E. I do this now too and the rags are perfect for household cleaning.
F. Find changes that work for you and you’ll be more likely to stick with them.
G. You can try sourcing your own food by growing a garden in your community.
文章介绍了作者和妈妈学到的减少浪费，减少废物的做法。
1.B 上文提到作者的妈妈是作者认识的最不浪费的人之一，她总带着自己的金属罐来购买米面等基本食品。下文“就像我妈妈在家减少塑料和其他废物的做法一样”，由此可知，空处应与减少浪费相关；且第二~五段则介绍减少浪费的方法。结合读者对象you和主题“减少浪费”可确定B项“你也能过低浪费的生活方式”承上启
下，符合语境。
答案与解析
2.D 上文提到的是按房间或活动列出垃圾；下文提到这种检查有助评估废物输出量并确定减少废物量的方法。空处承接上文，应接着说明如何列出垃圾，故D项“‘在婴儿房’下写下‘用过的湿巾和纸巾’”符合语境。
3.A 空处为段落小标题。下文提到许多低浪费的解决方案似乎需要购买特殊容器，例如买硅胶替代品替换带封口的口袋。最后两句提到重新利用空罐子、盒子或其他容器放剩饭菜。由此可知，本段介绍的是对容器的再利用，故A项正确。
答案与解析
4.E 上文提到作者的母亲用父亲的旧T恤做抹布，下文提到作者不会因为T恤上沾了油而心情不好,由此可知,空处应提到“我”也把旧T恤做成抹布，故E项“我现在也这样做,抹布非常适合家庭清洁”符合语境。选项中的this指代上文妈妈的做法, rags是原词复现。
5.F 上文提到减少浪费不是一个孤注一掷的追求，F项“找到适合你的改变，就更有可能坚持下去。”符合语境。
答案与解析
积累
all-or-nothing pursuit孤注一掷的追求
语法填空 (外刊原味31) 体裁：说明文 主题语境：历史与文化 难度：★★ ☆☆ | Beijing Review
Hammering the base, soldering, filling enamel, firing, polishing and gilding (镀金)—after these thorough 1.__________ (process), a new piece of cloisonné, known as jingtailan in Chinese, 2.__________ (emerge). Crafted from copper and porcelain, the art piece features complex patterns formed with copper wires 3.__________ is decorated with brilliant enamel glaze (珐琅釉).
processes
emerges
and
Cloisonné 4.________________ (introduce) to China from Arabian countries via the ancient Silk Road in the 13th century. 5.__________ its arrival, it quickly integrated into the rich tapestry of China’s history and culture. The craft flourished during the Jingtai period of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), during 6.__________ the dominant use of blue (lan in Chinese) enamel glaze inspired its name, jingtailan.
Representing exquisite craftsmanship and rich cultural heritage, jingtailan art pieces are often used as distinguished national gifts on diplomatic occasions, symbolizing China’s artistry and commitment to 7.__________ (foster) international relations.
was introduced
On/Upon
which
fostering
“8.__________ (use) precious materials and complex procedures, Chinese cloisonné is indeed a labor-intensive and time-consuming art.” Zhong, a nationally 9.____________ (recognize) inheritor (继承者) of jingtailan intangible cultural heritage, said, adding that its magnificence exudes a dignified grandeur, reflecting the Chinese nation’s 10.__________ (pursue) of beauty and auspicious culture.
Using
recognized
pursuit
景泰蓝工艺于13世纪经由丝绸之路从阿拉伯国家引入中国，并于明朝景泰期间兴旺发达，景泰蓝则作为文化遗产反映了中国人对美和吉祥的追求。
1.processes 考查名词的数。根据空前的these可知，可数名词process “过程；步骤”应用复数形式，填processes。
2.emerges 考查动词时态。空处作谓语，且此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语是a new piece of cloisonné，谓语用单数，填emerges。
答案与解析
3.and 考查连词。设空前后的“features complex patterns formed with copper wires”和“is decorated with brilliant enamel glaze”是并列关系，应用并列连词and。
4.was introduced 考查动词时态和语态。主语Cloisonné与introduce是被动关系，应用被动语态，且句中时间状语是in the 13th century，应用一般过去时的被动语态，填was introduced。
5.On/Upon 考查介词。表“一到达”，应用on/upon arrival。
答案与解析
6.which 考查定语从句。该句为定语从句，先行词是the Jingtai period of the Ming Dynasty指时间，关系词在从句中作介词during的宾语，应用关系代词which引导定语从句。
7.fostering 考查非谓语动词。空前的to是介词，空处应填动名
词，填fostering。
答案与解析
8.Using 考查非谓语动词。空处作状语，Chinese cloisonné与use是逻辑上的主谓关系，且空处位于句首,首字母大写,故填Using。
9.recognized 考查词形转换。空处作定语，修饰名词inheritor，应用形容词，表“公认的，有名的”，填recognized。
10.pursuit 考查词形转换。空前是名词所有格，空后是介词of，故空处填名词, pursue的名词形式为pursuit。
答案与解析
