2026届高考英语二轮复习：高考语法专项 定语从句 课件（共28张，内嵌视频）
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| 名称 | 2026届高考英语二轮复习：高考语法专项 定语从句 课件（共28张，内嵌视频） |  | |
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(共28张PPT)
高考语法专项
——定语从句
Learning Objectives
1. learn the form of Attributive Clause.
2. choose relative pronouns correctly in Attributive Clauses.
3. describe someone or something with Attributive Clause.
At the end of the class, you will be able to :
She is the one that you never forget
She is the heaven-sent angel you met
Oh,she must be the reason
why God made a girl.
Step 1 Lead-in
Listen to the song and try to understand the sentences.
The man who lives next door is a dentist！
先行词
关系词
定语从句:
由一个句子来修饰某个名词或代词，放在所修饰的名词或代词之后的从句。
名词/代词
关系代词 指代 在定语从句中充当的成分
人 物 句子 主语 宾语 表语 定语
who
whom
that
which
whose
as
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
关系副词
when
where
why
at/in/on/...+which
at/in/on...+which
for+which
注：介词后不能用that
关系词
关系代词
关系副词
who/ whom/ that/ which/ whose/ as
when/ where/ why
从句基本结构是否完整？
不完整：
关系代词
完整：
关系副词
归纳：关系代词和关系副词用法
人：who/whom/that/whose
物：which/that/whose/as
时间：when
地点：where
原因：when
关系词的作用：
① 连接作用(引导定语从句) （连词）
② 替代作用(替代先行词)（代词）
③ 在定语从句中担当一定成分
如何正确选择关系词
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
找到先行词
先行词代指人还是物
从句中缺少什么成分
选定恰当的关系词
口诀: 前看先行词, 辩清人或物
后看从句里, 有无主宾语
做题步骤
Miss Flower is the teacher whose house caught fire last week.
This is the boy whose composition the teacher talked of.
This is the book whose cover is blue.
whose 在从句中作_______，既可以指人，意为“________________”；也可以指物，意为“___________”。
作定语；指人，表“某人的...”
作定语；指人，表“某人的...”
作定语；指人，表“某物的...”
定语
某(些)人的……
某物的……
1.分析whose在下列从句中充当的成分
2.指物时，只用that不用which的情况
1.当先行词为不定代词或被不定代词修饰时.
3.当先行词被the only, the very, the last,
the same等修饰时.
2.当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级时.
4.当先行词既有人又有物时.
that vs which
This is something _______ you might have forgotten.
All _______ glitters is not gold.
Summary： 当先行词为“anything”、“everything”、“nothing”、“something”、“all”、“much”、“none”、“few”、“little”、“some”等不定代词，或者这些词修饰一个名词作为先行词时，定语从句中只能用“that”。
that
that
that vs which
This is the best film _________ I have seen.
This is the most beautiful scenery _______ I have ever seen.
Summary：先行词被形容词的最高级形式所修饰时，关系代词通常用“that”。
that
that
that vs which
The first book _________ I read was 'To Kill a Mockingbird'.
This is the very book _______ I am looking for.
Summary：当先行词被序数词（如“first”、“second”等）或“the very”、“the only”、“the last”等表示唯一性、顺序性或终极性的词汇修饰时，只能用“that”
that
that
that vs which
The man and the dog _________ you saw are my friends.
They talked about the people and the things _______ they remembered in the school.
Summary：当先行词是并列结构，既包含人又包含物时，为了避免混淆，定语从句中只能用“that”。
that
that
that vs which
Which is the book _________ you borrowed from the library
Summary：当主句的主语是疑问词“who”或“which”时，定语从句中关系代词用“that”。
that
that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。
I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.
I’ve read all the books that are not mine.
This is the first book (that) he has read.
This is the very book that belongs to him.
(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something,
anything, little, much 等不定代词时。
(2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时。
(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。
(4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。
(5)先行词同时指人和指物时，用that。.
(6)先行词是who或who引导的主句。
Who is the girl that drove the car
Who that broke the window will be punished
(7)当先行词是which时，关系代词用that.
Which is the book that you bought last week
(8)当先行词在定语从句中作be表语时，关系代词用that.
She isn’t the girl that she was 10 years ago.
3.能用which，不用that的情况
1.引导非限制性定语从句时.
（1）Smith, who was my former teacher,retired last year.
(2)My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.
(3)This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching.
2.“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，先行词指人用whom,先行词指物用which.
①This is the train on which I went to Shanghai.
这就是我去上海所乘坐的那列火车。
②This is the student for whom I bought the dictionary.
这就是我为他买词典的那个学生。
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句时，介词的确定
(1)依据定语从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配来确定。如：
The fellow to whom I spoke made no answer at first.
我与之说话的那个人起初没有回答。(speak to)
The West Lake, for which Hangzhou is famous, is a beautiful place.西湖是一个美丽的地方，杭州以此而闻名。(be famous for)
(2)根据先行词来确定。如：
I'll never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country.我永远不会忘记我在乡村度过的童年时光。
(3)根据所表达的意思来确定。如：
Air, without which man can't live, is really important.
空气真的很重要，没有它人类就不能生存。(live without)
3.“名词/代词＋介词＋关系代词”结构
此类结构常见的有“some/many/most/all/none/the largest＋of＋which/whom”等。如：
①Here are the questions, some of which I think are difficult for you.
问题都在这儿，其中一些我认为对你来说很难。
②He has three sons, none of whom are doctors.
他有三个儿子，没有一个是当医生的。
4.指人时，只用who不用that的情况
1.当先行词是one , ones , anyone , he , I , you , this , those 等不定代词，人称代词，指示代词且指人时。
2.在there be结构中，且先行词是人时。
译格言
1）God help those who help themselves.
2）He who laugh last laughs best.
3）He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
4）He who is content is always happy.
5.关系代词as与which引导非限制性定语从句的区别
(1)位置不同
as引导的非限制性定语从句可以置于主句之前、之中或之后，而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能位于主句之后。如：
①As is often the case, little boys tend to be very active and out of control.小男孩总是很活泼好动，很难控制，这是常见的情况。
②Einstein, as is well known, is a famous scientist.
众所周知，爱因斯坦是一位著名的科学家。
③He failed in the exam, which was unexpected.他考试没及格，这是意料之外的。
(2)意义不同
as常译作“正如，像”，多用于下列习惯用语中：as anybody can see正如人人都能看到的那样；as is well known＝as is known to all众所周知as is often the case事实常常如此；as has been said before如上所述；as is mentioned above正如上面提到的；which常译作“这一点，这件事”，此时指前面主句所提到的那件事。如：
①He opposed the idea, as could be expected.不出所料，他反对这个意见。
②Tom has made great progress, which makes his parents very happy.
汤姆进步很大，这使他父母很高兴。
6．as引导限制性定语从句时的用法：通常先行词由the same, as, such, so等修饰并且定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时，关系代词用as。
①They could only read such stories as had been rewritten in simple English.
他们只能读类似这样的一些简易英语改写的故事。(as作主语)
②These houses are sold at such a low price as people expected.
这些房子以人们期望的低价出售。(as作宾语)
③This is the same knife as I lost.
这把小刀和我丢的那把一样。
7.关系代词 who，that，which等在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数保持一致。当先行词是“the only one of＋复数名词”时，从句谓语动词用单数形式；当先行词是“one of＋复数名词”时，从句谓语动词用复数形式。
Guilin is a city that has a history of more than 2,000 years．
桂林是一座具有2,000多年历史的城市。
He is the only one of people who has known the secret so far.
到目前为止他是人们之中唯一一个已经知道这个秘密的人。
定语从句中的谓语动词
This is the book that _______(sell) well.
The books that _______(be) on the shelf are all about history.
He is one of the students that _______(like) English.
He is the only one of the students that _______(like) English.
Summary：先行词决定谓语动词的单复数
sells
are
like
likes
1.【2022·新高考I卷】The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species __________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
2.【2022·全国甲卷】On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ____________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province.
3. （2022年浙江1月）Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics __________ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change.
4.（2021新课标II卷）I decided that if I learned of a company___________ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back.
5.（2021浙江卷）BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool ____________ gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.
高考链接
that
who
that/ who
that/which
that/which
Homework:
Write a short passage using the Attributive Clauses to introduce a person who you like.
高考语法专项
——定语从句
Learning Objectives
1. learn the form of Attributive Clause.
2. choose relative pronouns correctly in Attributive Clauses.
3. describe someone or something with Attributive Clause.
At the end of the class, you will be able to :
She is the one that you never forget
She is the heaven-sent angel you met
Oh,she must be the reason
why God made a girl.
Step 1 Lead-in
Listen to the song and try to understand the sentences.
The man who lives next door is a dentist！
先行词
关系词
定语从句:
由一个句子来修饰某个名词或代词，放在所修饰的名词或代词之后的从句。
名词/代词
关系代词 指代 在定语从句中充当的成分
人 物 句子 主语 宾语 表语 定语
who
whom
that
which
whose
as
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
关系副词
when
where
why
at/in/on/...+which
at/in/on...+which
for+which
注：介词后不能用that
关系词
关系代词
关系副词
who/ whom/ that/ which/ whose/ as
when/ where/ why
从句基本结构是否完整？
不完整：
关系代词
完整：
关系副词
归纳：关系代词和关系副词用法
人：who/whom/that/whose
物：which/that/whose/as
时间：when
地点：where
原因：when
关系词的作用：
① 连接作用(引导定语从句) （连词）
② 替代作用(替代先行词)（代词）
③ 在定语从句中担当一定成分
如何正确选择关系词
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
找到先行词
先行词代指人还是物
从句中缺少什么成分
选定恰当的关系词
口诀: 前看先行词, 辩清人或物
后看从句里, 有无主宾语
做题步骤
Miss Flower is the teacher whose house caught fire last week.
This is the boy whose composition the teacher talked of.
This is the book whose cover is blue.
whose 在从句中作_______，既可以指人，意为“________________”；也可以指物，意为“___________”。
作定语；指人，表“某人的...”
作定语；指人，表“某人的...”
作定语；指人，表“某物的...”
定语
某(些)人的……
某物的……
1.分析whose在下列从句中充当的成分
2.指物时，只用that不用which的情况
1.当先行词为不定代词或被不定代词修饰时.
3.当先行词被the only, the very, the last,
the same等修饰时.
2.当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级时.
4.当先行词既有人又有物时.
that vs which
This is something _______ you might have forgotten.
All _______ glitters is not gold.
Summary： 当先行词为“anything”、“everything”、“nothing”、“something”、“all”、“much”、“none”、“few”、“little”、“some”等不定代词，或者这些词修饰一个名词作为先行词时，定语从句中只能用“that”。
that
that
that vs which
This is the best film _________ I have seen.
This is the most beautiful scenery _______ I have ever seen.
Summary：先行词被形容词的最高级形式所修饰时，关系代词通常用“that”。
that
that
that vs which
The first book _________ I read was 'To Kill a Mockingbird'.
This is the very book _______ I am looking for.
Summary：当先行词被序数词（如“first”、“second”等）或“the very”、“the only”、“the last”等表示唯一性、顺序性或终极性的词汇修饰时，只能用“that”
that
that
that vs which
The man and the dog _________ you saw are my friends.
They talked about the people and the things _______ they remembered in the school.
Summary：当先行词是并列结构，既包含人又包含物时，为了避免混淆，定语从句中只能用“that”。
that
that
that vs which
Which is the book _________ you borrowed from the library
Summary：当主句的主语是疑问词“who”或“which”时，定语从句中关系代词用“that”。
that
that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。
I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.
I’ve read all the books that are not mine.
This is the first book (that) he has read.
This is the very book that belongs to him.
(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something,
anything, little, much 等不定代词时。
(2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时。
(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。
(4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。
(5)先行词同时指人和指物时，用that。.
(6)先行词是who或who引导的主句。
Who is the girl that drove the car
Who that broke the window will be punished
(7)当先行词是which时，关系代词用that.
Which is the book that you bought last week
(8)当先行词在定语从句中作be表语时，关系代词用that.
She isn’t the girl that she was 10 years ago.
3.能用which，不用that的情况
1.引导非限制性定语从句时.
（1）Smith, who was my former teacher,retired last year.
(2)My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.
(3)This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching.
2.“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，先行词指人用whom,先行词指物用which.
①This is the train on which I went to Shanghai.
这就是我去上海所乘坐的那列火车。
②This is the student for whom I bought the dictionary.
这就是我为他买词典的那个学生。
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句时，介词的确定
(1)依据定语从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配来确定。如：
The fellow to whom I spoke made no answer at first.
我与之说话的那个人起初没有回答。(speak to)
The West Lake, for which Hangzhou is famous, is a beautiful place.西湖是一个美丽的地方，杭州以此而闻名。(be famous for)
(2)根据先行词来确定。如：
I'll never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country.我永远不会忘记我在乡村度过的童年时光。
(3)根据所表达的意思来确定。如：
Air, without which man can't live, is really important.
空气真的很重要，没有它人类就不能生存。(live without)
3.“名词/代词＋介词＋关系代词”结构
此类结构常见的有“some/many/most/all/none/the largest＋of＋which/whom”等。如：
①Here are the questions, some of which I think are difficult for you.
问题都在这儿，其中一些我认为对你来说很难。
②He has three sons, none of whom are doctors.
他有三个儿子，没有一个是当医生的。
4.指人时，只用who不用that的情况
1.当先行词是one , ones , anyone , he , I , you , this , those 等不定代词，人称代词，指示代词且指人时。
2.在there be结构中，且先行词是人时。
译格言
1）God help those who help themselves.
2）He who laugh last laughs best.
3）He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
4）He who is content is always happy.
5.关系代词as与which引导非限制性定语从句的区别
(1)位置不同
as引导的非限制性定语从句可以置于主句之前、之中或之后，而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能位于主句之后。如：
①As is often the case, little boys tend to be very active and out of control.小男孩总是很活泼好动，很难控制，这是常见的情况。
②Einstein, as is well known, is a famous scientist.
众所周知，爱因斯坦是一位著名的科学家。
③He failed in the exam, which was unexpected.他考试没及格，这是意料之外的。
(2)意义不同
as常译作“正如，像”，多用于下列习惯用语中：as anybody can see正如人人都能看到的那样；as is well known＝as is known to all众所周知as is often the case事实常常如此；as has been said before如上所述；as is mentioned above正如上面提到的；which常译作“这一点，这件事”，此时指前面主句所提到的那件事。如：
①He opposed the idea, as could be expected.不出所料，他反对这个意见。
②Tom has made great progress, which makes his parents very happy.
汤姆进步很大，这使他父母很高兴。
6．as引导限制性定语从句时的用法：通常先行词由the same, as, such, so等修饰并且定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时，关系代词用as。
①They could only read such stories as had been rewritten in simple English.
他们只能读类似这样的一些简易英语改写的故事。(as作主语)
②These houses are sold at such a low price as people expected.
这些房子以人们期望的低价出售。(as作宾语)
③This is the same knife as I lost.
这把小刀和我丢的那把一样。
7.关系代词 who，that，which等在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数保持一致。当先行词是“the only one of＋复数名词”时，从句谓语动词用单数形式；当先行词是“one of＋复数名词”时，从句谓语动词用复数形式。
Guilin is a city that has a history of more than 2,000 years．
桂林是一座具有2,000多年历史的城市。
He is the only one of people who has known the secret so far.
到目前为止他是人们之中唯一一个已经知道这个秘密的人。
定语从句中的谓语动词
This is the book that _______(sell) well.
The books that _______(be) on the shelf are all about history.
He is one of the students that _______(like) English.
He is the only one of the students that _______(like) English.
Summary：先行词决定谓语动词的单复数
sells
are
like
likes
1.【2022·新高考I卷】The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species __________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
2.【2022·全国甲卷】On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ____________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province.
3. （2022年浙江1月）Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics __________ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change.
4.（2021新课标II卷）I decided that if I learned of a company___________ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back.
5.（2021浙江卷）BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool ____________ gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.
高考链接
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Homework:
Write a short passage using the Attributive Clauses to introduce a person who you like.