2025年中考英语考前考点背默（设空版）（无答案）

中考词类考点必背（设空版）
名词
_________名词和________名词
January(月份) Wednesday(星期)
London, the Pacific(地名) Australia, England(国名)
Uncle Tom(称呼) Mike Smith(人名)
the Summer Palace(由普通名词组成的专有名词)
可数名词
可数名词复数形式的构成
规则构成 不规则构成
一般情况_______: chair—chairs; month—months; nurse—nurses 以s, x, sh, ch结尾的_________: class—classes; fox—foxes; church—churches; brush—brushes 以辅音字母+y结尾的，__________: city—cities; lady—ladies 以元音字母+y结尾的，_________ boy—boys; day—days E.以f, fe结尾的，_________ wolf—wolves; shelf—shelves(比较: roof—roofs; chief—chiefs) 单复同形：_________________________ 改变元音：man—______; woman—_______; foot—________; tooth—_________; goose—_________; child—_________; mouse—mice; postman—postmen; policeman—policemen; businessman—businessmen (特殊变化）German—________; human—________; Walkman—________; girl student—__________________; woman doctor—__________________) 以o结尾的，_______: potato—_________; tomato—__________(比较：photo—__________; piano—__________; radio—__________; zoo—__________; kilo—__________)
b. 可数名词的数量表达
a pair of shoes a group of classmates (a) few books
some oranges many computers a lot of/lots of passengers
a large number of visitors plenty of mice
hundreds of/thousands of animals one of the best boys
(比较：three hundred relatives, five thousand years)
不可数名词的数量表达
a piece of advice a loaf/two loaves of bread
a can of tuna some milk
much time/money (a) little food
plenty of juice a lot of/lots of paper
huge amounts of information
修饰可数名词和不可数名词的量词和量词短语有以下三种：
a. 既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词：
__________________________________________________________
b. 只能修饰可数名词：
__________________________________________________________
c. 只能修饰不可数名词：
__________________________________________________________
注意： fish表示鱼肉时为不可数名词，表示几条鱼时复数为fish，表示几种鱼时复数为fishes。 Help yourselves to some fish, my children. There are all kinds of fishes at the market. 有些名词只能用作复数，谓语动词也用复数形式。如：people, police, clothes, Chinese, Japanese。 其中有些如glasses, trousers, scissors可用量词来修饰，这时动词形式由量词的单复数来决定。 This pair of glasses costs 180 yuan. 3. maths, news, physics等名词虽以-s结尾，却具有单数的含义。 Physics is very interesting. There is a lot of good news in today’s newspaper. 有些名词既可作可数名词又可作不可数名词。 （1）chicken(鸡肉)/chickens(小鸡) （2）exercise(锻炼)/exercises(练习) （3）chocolate(巧克力块)/chocolates(巧克力糖) （4）time(时间)/times(次数) （5）experience(经验)/experiences(经历) （6）wood(木头)/woods(树林) （7）glass(玻璃)/glasses(玻璃杯) （8）paper(纸)/papers(试卷，论文) （9）room(空间)/rooms(房间) （10）work(工作)/works(作品)
名词所有格
a. _____________加在表示有生命的名词词尾
Tom’s present Children’s Day the People’s Park
the girl’s toys her husband’s photos a woman’s hospital
that dog’s legs
这种结构也适用于指时间、距离、城市、国家和船只等名词。
ten minutes’ walk in four years’ time today’s homework
New Year’s Day
b. ___________构成的短语用来修饰无生命的名词
a member of the SPCA the roof of the house the balcony of the room
(比较：a friend of hers, a friend of my mother’s)
注意： 以-s结尾的复数名词+’：the teachers’ office, a girls’ school 以-s结尾的单数名词+’s：my boss’s desk Kitty and Linda’s bedroom 凯蒂和琳达的卧室（她们两人共有的卧室） Kitty’s and Linda’s bedrooms 凯蒂的和琳达的卧室（她们各自的卧室） ____________________也可表示名词所有格 a six-year-old boy, a two-day trip, an eight-hundred-word composition
2.代词
人称代词
人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单复数 单 复 单 复 单 复
人称代词 主格 I you you he,she,it
宾格 me you you
人称代词（主格）的用法 例句
作主语 She reads English every morning. We and they are going to have a picnic. You, he and I are in the same school.
人称代词（宾格）的用法 例句
常位于宾语（动词、介词）后 He always helps us. We are planting trees with them. Let the girl stand between you and me.
物主代词
人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单复数 单 复 单 复 单 复
物主代词 形容词性 my our your your his,her,its their
名词性 ours yours yours his,hers,its
形容词性物主代词的用法 例句
作定语 I love my parents. Can you lend me your notebook They clean their classroom every day.
名词性物主代词的作用 例句
作主语 Is this her puppy No, hers is white.
作表语 These new computers are ours.
作宾语 Tom’s bike is broken. He is using mine.
指示代词：this, that, these, those
—Is this your cat
—Yes, it is.
The weather in Guangzhou is hotter than that in Shanghai.
疑问代词
人称代词 物主代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性
who, what who(m), what whose, which whose, which
反身代词
人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单复数 单 复 单 复 单 复
反身代词 myself yourselves himself herself itself
反身代词的作用 例句
作宾语 Mary teaches herself Japanese. The twins can make the cake (by) themselves.
不定代词
a. 复合不定代词
something somebody someone
anything anybody anyone
nothing nobody no one
everything everybody everyone
b. some和any
some一般用于肯定句，any一般用于否定句和疑问句。
I have some books and they are very useful.
Do you have any friends in your neighbourhood
some用于疑问句表示希望得到对方肯定回答。
The chicken wing here is quite special. Would you like to have some
注意： △some表示“某一”时，与名词单数形式连用（=a certain）。 I will come to see you some day next month. △some在下类情况可用于否定句。 He hasn’t heard from some of his old friends these years. △any用于肯定句时，表示“任何一个”，通常与名词单数连用。 Mike is taller than any other student in his class. △any还可用于条件句，表示不肯定的语气。 If you have any question(s), please ask me.
c. either, neither, both, all, none
either, neither和both用于____________之间，而all, none用于__________________________，both, all表示_________，neither, none表示_________，either表示________________。使用时应注意其谓语动词的单复数形式。
Both of my aunts _________ nurses.
Neither of his parents _________ basketball.
All of the workers have gone home.
None of them ___________ at home then.
There ________ some dustbins on either side of the street.
There _________ some dustbins on both sides of the street.
d. few, a few, many, one(s), (the) other(s) 修饰或代表__________名词；little, a little, much, something, anything, nothing, everything修饰或代表___________名词。
Mr. White is new here, so he has few friends.
There is little sugar in the bowl.
There are a few eggs in the fridge.
There is still time left. Tell them not to hurry.
Was there anything important in yesterday’s newspaper
Everything is ready for the coming new term.
Some like going boating, and others like walking in the park.
注意： 有些时候，选择不定代词需要根据上下文的意思来确定，当句子表示________的意思时，通常用a few, a little;当句子表示________意思时，则用few, little。
e. another, the other, someone, somebody, no one, nobody, anyone, anybody只代表________。
I have two brothers. One is in Beijing, the other is in Shanghai.
She has an apple in one hand, and a knife in the other.
That cap is too small for me. Can you show me another one
Someone is waiting for me at the school gate. I’m afraid I must go now.
f. one, ones
one表示____________事物，通常表示_____数。
—Which stamp do you like, this one or that one
—That one.
ones通常表示________数。
The old bridges there have been pulled down and a lot of new ones will be built.
it的用法
a. 代替上下文提到的事，表示天气、时间、距离等。
It is a lamp.
It is snowing heavily, but the children are playing happily.
What time is it now It’s ten o’clock in the morning.
It is very far from here to our office.
b. 作形式主语或形式宾语。
It is not good for you to get up so late.
They want to make it clear that they must do something to fight against pollution.
数词
数 词
基数词
one, two, three..., 表示“一、二、三……”等。注意eleven, twelve, thirteen, fifteen, eighteen, twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, eighty, a/one hundred/thousand等词的拼写。
序数词
first, second, third..., 表示“第一、第二、第三……”等，注意first, second, third, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth, twentieth, twenty-first, ninety-ninth, (one) hundredth等词的拼写。
基数词与序数词的构成
基数词 序数词 基数词 序数词 基数词 序数词
one first 1st eight twenty-one twenty-first 21st
two second 2nd nine ninety-nine
three third 3rd twelve one hundred one hundredth 100th
five twenty
基数词变序数词的口诀：
基变序，有规律，词尾加上th。
二、三，特殊记，词尾字母t, d, d(first, second, third)。
八减t, 九减e(eighth, ninth), f替ve(fifth, twelfth)。
单词-ty做结尾，-ty变成-tie(ninetieth)。
若是碰到几十几(twenty-five), 只变个位就可以(twenty-fifth)
钟点表达法
11:15读作eleven fifteen或a quarter past eleven
9:30读作nine thirty或half past nine
7:35读作seven thirty-five或twenty-five (minutes) to eight
11:45读作eleven forty-five或a quarter to twelve
10:20 a.m. 读作ten twenty a.m.
2:30 p.m. 读作two thirty p.m.
4）日期表达法
具体日期前要用介词on表示。
在10月10日：on October 10读作on October (the) tenth
on 10th October读作on the tenth of October
在2008年7月20日：on July 20, 2008读作on July (the) twentieth, two thousand and eight
5）年份表达法
月份和年份前要用介词in表示。
在1975年：in 1975读作in nineteen seventy-five
在2005年：in 2005读作in two thousand and five
在2009年3月：in March, 2009读作in March, two thousand and nine
6）分数、小数、百分比表达法
a. 分数的构成
分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子分母间用连字符。分子大于1，序数词用复数形式。
1/4 one-fourth, 1/12 one-twelfth, 2/3 two-thirds, 4/19 four-nineteenths
特殊用法：1/2 a/one half, 1/4 a/one quarter, 3/4 three quarters
分子分母数值较大, 如55/88可读作：fifty-five over eighty-eight
b. 小数和百分比
0.37读作zero point three seven 58%读作fifty-eight percent
*7）基本数学运算表达
A: How much is 8 plus 9
B: 8 plus 9 is/equals 17.(8+9=17)
18-3=15 18 minus 3 is/equals 15.
6×5=30 6 multiplied by 5 equals/is 30.
15÷5=3 15 divided by 5 equals/is 3.
注意 ·编号可以用序数词也可以用基数词，数字较大一般用基数词。 Lesson Six或the sixth lesson Room 405 Part One或the first part Channel 5/Five Class Two, Grade One No. 10 Bus或Bus No. 10 ·含有数词的定语： a five-day holiday a three-year-old daughter an 800-word composition a two-meter-deep swimming pool ·其他习惯表达和固定词组： in one’s forties 在……四十多岁时 at the age of forty 在四十岁时 in the 1990s 在二十世纪九十年代 hundreds of, thousands of, millions of 数百的，数千的，数百万的 one and a half years=one year and a half 一年半 two and a half months=two months and a half 两个半月
冠词
冠词
不定冠词（a/an的用法）
泛指或类指的一个人或物。
I don’t want a pear. Give me an apple.
A dictionary is useful to a student.
b. 表示人的身份或事物的性质。
What’s your father He’s an engineer.
c. 表示数量“一”。
There is a picture on the wall.
d. a/an 用在一些习惯用语中。
a lot (of) a bit (of) a little a few
a glass of a pair of have _____ rest have _____ break
have a good time in a hurry in a_____minute for a while
have a look with ___ smile take _____ active part in take a walk
注意 ·有些单词虽是元音字母开头，却不是元音音素开头，前面用_____。 _____ European village _____ one-eyed captain _____ university _____useful dictionary ·有些单词开头的辅音字母不发音，实际上是以元音音素开头，前面用_____。 _____hour ______honest girl ·有些辅音字母的读音是以元音音素开头，如f, h, l, m, n, s, x, r,前面用_____。 _____ X-ray photograph ______ MBA course ·有些元音字母的读音是以辅音音素开头，如u,前面用______。 _______ U-tube
定冠词（the的用法）
a. 特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。
What do you think of the movie
Pass me the salt, please.
The man in blue is our physics teacher.
b. 指前面或上文提到过的人或事物，
I have a dog. The dog is very lovely.
c. 谈话双方都知道指的是某个事物。
Excuse me. Where is the bank
d. 用在单数名词前，表示某一类人或事物，和不定冠词的用法相似。
The elephant is unique in Africa.
e. 用在宇宙中独一无二的事物前。
Which is the biggest, the sun, the earth or the moon
f. 用在序数词、形容词最高级以及only所修饰的名词前。
My flat is on the tenth floor.
The Nile is the longest river in the world.
This is the only way out.
g. 用在方位、方向名词前。
Pudong is in the east of Shanghai.
h. 用在_____________________________________________等名词前。
The Yangtze River is one of the longest rivers in the world.
the Huangshan Mountain(注意：在以mount开头的表示“……山脉”的______________前不加冠词，如Mount Qomolangma)
i. 用在______________前面。
He plays the piano every day.
j. 用在由____________________构成的专有名词前。
I’ve been to the Great Wall twice.
k. 用在姓氏的复数形式前面，表示全家人或夫妇二人（注意：作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数）。
The Turners are going on a trip to London.
The Wangs usually have supper at six.
l. 和某些____________连用，表示一类人或事物（作主语时，谓语动词一般用________）。
the poor the rich
m. 用在一些习惯用语中。
in the morning by ______way in the middle of at the beginning of
at the end of in the end one...the other... in _______day time
all ________ time in the dark the day after tomorrow
listen to ________ radio go to the beach at _______ moment the same as
注意 定冠词的特殊用法 · 用在形容词、副词比较级前构成“_____________________________”句型，表示“越……,越……”。 The more, the better. The harder you study, the better your English will be. ·用在一些特定的句型结构和单词中。 动词+sb.+介词+the+身体部位 hit sb. in the face catch sb. by the arm The football hit him on the head. 主语+动词+_______+_________+of the two+名词_____ She is the taller of the two girls. I want the bigger of the two apples. 节假日前一般________冠词，但在一些表示民族节日的词前面需加______。 the Spring Festival the Mid-Autumn Festival
零冠词
a. 在复数名词前，表示泛指或类指。
Horses are useful animals.
He likes reading books.
b. 在_________名词前，如物质名词和抽象名词前。
Snow is white.
(比较：Look, the snow on the ground is thick.)
c. 在表示国家、城市等的专有名词前。
China Shanghai New York City America
(但是：the United States前必须有定冠词the。)
d. 在__________________前。
New Year’s Day Teachers’ Day Women’s Day Christmas Day
April Fool’s Day Thanksgiving Day May Day
December 25th is Christmas Day.
e. 在________________前。
We play basketball after school every day.
My grandpa enjoys playing chess with his friends in the park at weekends.
f. 在______________前。
What do you usually have for lunch
g. 在学科名称前。
We study Maths, Chinese, English and so on.
h. 在家庭成员、称呼语及表示头衔的名词前。
Father is very busy now.
Uncle Wang will come to see us tomorrow.
Tom is manager of the company.
i. 在this, that, those, my, whose, next, last, some, any, every, each等词前。
We’re going to have a picnic this coming Saturday.
j. 在某些固定词组中。
at night at home go to school/college go to work
go to church in hospital in bed by bus/train/motorcycle
on foot at first/last in danger in trouble
on time after class/school
注意 在一些短语中，有冠词和没有冠词意义不同。 in class 在上课 2. in hospital 住院 in the class 在班上 in the hospital 在医院里 go to school 上学 4. in front of 在......前面 go to the school 到学校去 in the front of 在......（内部）的前面 at table 在吃饭 6. in school 在学校读书 at the table 在桌子旁边 in the school 在学校里
5.形容词副词
1.形容词
形容词是用来修饰或描述名词或代词的一类词，主要用作定语、表语和补足语等。
1)作定语（前置、后置）
a. 形容词作定语修饰名词时，须前置。
Don’t eat such rich food. It is an unhealthy diet.
注意：当两个或两个以上的洞时修饰一个名词时，修饰名词的次序大致为：限定词（包括冠词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词等）——数词——描绘形容词（短词在前，长词在后）——表特征的形容词（包括大小、形状、新旧、年龄等）)——表颜色的形容词——表类属的形容词（包括表示出处的形容词和表示材料质地的形容匈）+名词性定语（包括动名词）+名词。如：an old large red wooden chair, a tall young Chinese student, his three new English dictionaries。
b.形容词作定语修饰由some， any， every， no 等构成的复合不定代词时，须________。
---Anything else
---Yes, I’ve got something important to say.
注意：和空间、时间单位连用时，形容词也要后置。如：
two months ago两个月以前 twelve inches long 12英尺长
five years old五岁大 fifteen feet deep 15英尺深
部分形容词__________作后置定语。如：以a-开头的形容词。
the man alive活着的人
2)作表语
形容词放在系动词之________，作表语。
Dictionaries are very useful.
常见的系动词有：
___________动词
感官动词（如： ________________________________________________________ 等）
表示“变化”的系动词（如：______________________________________________ 等）
表示“保持”的系动词(如：_________________________________________)
3)作宾语补语
形容词作_____________时，结构通常为“动词(keep，make 等)十宾语（名词或代词）+形容词”。
We should keep the reading-room quiet.
Let’s make our country more beautiful.
比较级和最高级的构成
大多数形容词有比较级和最高级的变化。形容词的原级、比较级和最高级可用来表示事物的等
级差别。原级即形容词的原形。比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
a·规则变化
大多数单音节形容词的比较级和最高级的构成是在其原级后面加上______和__________：
small– ________–___________ new – _________– _________
一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节形容词，________结尾的辅音字母，再加-er和-est构成形容词的比较级和最高级：
big – __________ – ___________ thin – ________ – __________
此类词除big，thin以外，还有red，fat，hot，wet 等。
以不发音的e结尾的单音节形容词，只需在原级后加-r和-st构成形容词的比较级和最高级：
large –________ – ___________ nice – _________– ___________
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节形容词，改 ________，再加-er和-est构成形容词的比较级和最高级：
easy – __________ – _________ heavy – _________ – ___________
少数以__________________结尾的双音节形容词，末尾加-er和-est构成形容词的比较级和最高级：
clever – _________– ___________ narrow – _________ – __________
其他双音节形容词和多音节形容词可与_______连用构成其比较级形式，与________连用构成其
最高级形式：
useful – ______________– ___________
expensive – _______________ – _________________
b. 不规则变化
有少数形容词的比较级和最高级是不规则变化，必须熟记。
little– _________–___________ many /much _________–___________
bad /ill_________–___________ old _________–___________
good /well（健康的）_________–___________far – _________–___________
注意：elder 表示“年长的”，指家庭成员之间的长幼关系，只能用作定语，不能与than连用；older指“更老的，更旧的”。farther指的是实际距离更远的；further指程度上的加深、更进一步，如： further study，further discussion。
原级、比较级和最高级的用法
（1）用“as+形容词原级+as”表达“和……一样……”；在否定句或疑问句中，可用“as/so+形容词原级
+as”。在形容词原级的用法中，须注意：
①用“not so/as…as”结构来表示比较级的概念。
Tom is not as tall as Peter. = Tom is shorter than Peter. = Peter is taller than Tom.
②当as…as中间有名词时，结构为“as+形容词+a/an+单数名词+as”或者：“as+ many/much+名词+as”。
I can carry as much paper as you can.
（2）比较级用于两者之间的比较，通常与than连用。在形容词比较级的用法中，须注意以下几点：
①常用来修饰形容词比较级的词有：_____________________________________ 等。
_________只能用来修饰比较级；而more是用来构成比较级的。如：much more serious, much lighter，
但不能说much serious, more lighter。
③用比较级结构（比较级+than+ any other+可数名词单数）表达_________概念。请注意下面的句型转换：
Tom is taller than any other student in his class.
= Tom is ________ _________student in his class
= Tom is ________ than _______ ______ _______ __________ students in his class.
=Tom is ______ than _______ ________ in his class.
= _________ _________ is taller than Tom.
④ 形容词比较级连用，表示“越来越……”。
The days are getting longer and longer.
多音节形容词比较级连用，其结构为“more and more+多音节形容词”。
more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮
⑤“the 十比较级，the+比较级”表示“越……，就越……”。
Go to apply for your visa. The sooner, the better.
⑥用than进行比较的句子里，可以用指示代词that或those，来代替重复出现的名词。
但注意前后比较的内容、形式和结构要保持一致。
The streets in Beijing are wider than those in Hong Kong. (复数)
The population of China is larger than that of America. (单数)
（3）最高级用于三者或三者以上的对象进行比较。
形容词的最高级在使用时必须加定冠词，并常伴有一个表示范围的介词短语（“in+表示整体
概念的名词单数”，“of+表示个体概念的名词复数”）或从句。
Yao Ming is one of the best basketball players in the world.
This song is the most beautiful of all the songs.
Harry Potter is the best film I have ever seen.
在形容词最高级的用法中，需注意:
1) 表达“最……之一”的概念时，用“one of the+形容词______级+____数名词的______数形式”。
Tom is one of the youngest boys at school.
2) 表达“第几大”或“第几长”等的概念时，用“the+____数词+形容词______级”。
This is the third largest meeting room in this building。
2. 副词
副词是用以修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及句子的词，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。
副词通常由形容词+-ly变来。如果形容词以-y结尾，通常要把y 改成i，再加ly。如：deep–_________，easy – _________，heavy – ___________等。
如果形容词以le结尾，通常要去掉e，直接加y。如： possible– __________。
good的副词是_________。
有些副词和形容词形式_______，如：early, late, fast, hard, straight等。
1)副词用法：副词在句中常作状语。
It is raining hard.（修饰动词）
Don’t drive too fast. (fast是副词，修饰动词drive;副词too修饰副词fast)
This is a fairly useful tool.（修饰形容词）
Luckily, he still got the first prize.（修饰全句）
2)副词的位置
副词在句中作状语的位置：修饰动词时，通常后置；修饰形容词或副词时，通常前置；修饰全
句时，可放在句首并用逗号与句子隔开。
Listen carefully.（修饰动词，后置）
I am very pleased to hear that.（修饰形容词，前置）
Liu Xiang runs very fast.（修饰副词，前置）
Unluckily, I lost the key to the door.（修饰全句，放在句首）
☆注意：
①enough作形容词修饰名词时，______置；作副词修饰形容词或副词时，______置。
He has enough money to buy a boat
He is rich enough to buy a boat.
He ran fast enough to catch the last bus.
②频度副词，如always, usually, often, sometimes, never 等，修饰动词，位于动词之前；如
果句子里有助动词或情态动词，一般放在助动词或情态动词之后、实义动词之前。
I seldom go to a concert．（频度副词放在动词之前）
I have never been to Beijing before.（频度副词放在助动词之后、实义动词之前）
I can hardly hear you.（频度副词放在情态动词之后、实义动词之前）
☆副词比较级和最高级的构成
a．规则变化
①由“形容词+ly”构成的副词，通常在副词前面加上more和most构成比较级和最高级。
②有些副词和形容词形式相同，不需要加______，如：early，late，fast，hard。它们的比较级和最高级形式也和形容词的比较级和最高级相同。如： early – earlier – earliest，late- later – latest 等。
不规则变化
不规则变化的副词比较级和最高级有：
badly – _________–___________
well – _________–___________
副词原级、比较级和最高级的用法
a.“as+副词原级+ as”和“not as/so+副词原级+as”。
b．副词比较级的用法与形容词比较级相似。
Mr. Martin usually gets to the office earlier than others.
They speak less fluently than we do.
c．副词最高级的用法，除副词前可以不用________外（用________也可以），其余与形容词最高级相同。I work fastest when I’m under pressure.
Kally dances (the) most beautifully of the three.
介词
介词是一种用来表示____与______、______与_______之间的关系的词，在句中______单独作句子成分。介词后面一般有______、_______、相当于名词的其他词、短语或从句作它的______语。介词和它的宾语构成介词词组，在句中作______、______或________。
我们学了at, on, in, with, by, for, from, to, about, across, after, against, among, (around, before, behind, beside, below, during, except, into, like, near, of, over, opposite, since, through, under, without, because of, in front of, out of 等介词。这些介词主要用来表示时间、地点、方位、方式、目的、对象、距离等。
1)表示时间
a．in, on，at “在……时”
in 表示较长时间，如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般（非特指）早、中、晚等：
in May in the evening in summer
注意 在last，next，this，that，some，every 等词之前一律不用介词。
b．in，after “在……之后”
“in+一段时间”表示将来的—段时间以后。
My mother will be back in half an hour.
“after+将来时间点“表示将来的某一时刻以后。
My mother will be back after four o’clock.
c．from, since“自从……”
from仅说明什么时候开始，不说明某动作或情况持续多久。
We began to learn English from 2000.
since 表示某动作或情况持续至说话时刻，通常用于完成时。
We have been here since 2000.
2)表示地点
a．at, in, on, to, for
at 表示在小地方：at the cinema，at the airport
in 表示在大地方：in Shanghai
in 表示“在……范围之内”：in the world，in the shop
on 表示“在……上面”：on the desk，on the wall
to 表示“到……”：go to school, a trip to America
b．above, over, on“在……上方”；below, under “在……下面”
above指“在……上方”，不强调是否垂直，与below相对；below 表示“在……下方”（不一定在正下方）。
The bird is flying above my head.
Please write your name below the line.
over指在垂直的上方，与物体有一定的距离，不直接接触，与under相对；under 表示“在……正下方”。
There is a bridge over the river.
There is a ball under the desk.
on 表示在某物体上面并与之接触。
My book is on the desk.
c. in front of, in the front of在……前面
in front of…的意思是“在……前面”，指甲物在乙物之前；其反义词是behind，意为“在……的后面”。如：
There is a garden in front of our classroom.
☆in the front of 是指一个物体内部空间的前面。如：
The blackboard is in the front of the classroom.
d. near在……附近；beside，by，at在……旁边
I live near our school.
I’m sitting beside the teacher’s desk.
e. between在两者之间，among在三者或三者以上的中间
There is a railway between the two cities.
Miss Green is sitting among the students.
注意:我们还常用among+名词、代词或数词表示范围。
3)表示方式
表示用交通工具常用by，一般不用冠词，名词用单数：by bus，by air
表示用某种语言常用in, 如in Chinese，in one’s own words
表示用某种方式、材料常用with, 如cut it with a knife
4)表示所属关系
表示所属意义的介词常用of，意为“……的……”。
The picture of the family, a friend of mine.
5)其他用法
介词和名词、动词有不少固定搭配和习惯用法。
_____ least /most _____ time run out _____ be keen _____
_____a hurry think ______ ______ the way ______ surprise try ____ _____ example live _____ ______one’s joy
_______ the time being ______ business ______ great care
_______ addition on time
连词
从句类型 从属连词
时间 when，while, before, after, _____(当……时），_______(自从），as soon as，_____
条件
原因 because，________ (既然），________ (由于），_________
目的 __________ (为了），in order that
结果 _________________(如此……以至于）
让步
比较 than, as ... as , not as/so ... as ...
He was angry when he received the letter. (时间状语从句）
I was watching TV while my mother was cooking yesterday evening. (时间状语从句）
She has lived in Shanghai since she was born.(时间状语从句）
We won't give up until we succeed. (时间状语从句）
If you come to see me, I'll take you to the park. (条件状语从句）
Because it is raining today, we have to change our plan. (原因状语从句）
The speaker said slowly so that we could understand him. (目的状语从句）
John is so clever that he can solve this problem. (结果状语从句）
Though he is old, he is strong. (让步状语从句)
Li Hong can't sing as wonderfully as Li Ping. (比较状语从句）