Unit 4 Sharing Discovering Useful Structures课件(共59张PPT)-2025-2026学年人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册

(共59张PPT)
Unit 4 Review Useful Structures
Phrases
1. 短语的概述
含义
英语中的短语是有一定意义但不构成独立句子的一组词。
分类
名词短语（NP）、动词短语（VP）、形容词短语（AdjP）、副词短语（AdvP）、介词短语（PrepP）等
1. 短语的概述
句法功能
英语短语的句法功能通常与对应的单词的句法功能类似
如：名词短语与名词功能相似，句中充当主语、宾语等；形容词短语充当表语、宾补、定语、状语等；介词短语充当定语、状语、补语等
判断下面教材句子中的画线部分是什么短语
1. I've been dying to have some of my favourite sweets, and it's always nice to get mail!
2. ..., the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere!
3. Tombe's father, Mukap, a man with a strong jaw and a wrinkled forehead, led us to his house...
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
4
VP
NP
VP
NP
VP
PrepP
NP
PrepP
VP
PrepP
P41
Identify the phrases in the following sentences and state their functions. Mark noun phrases as NP, verb phrases VP, adverbial phrases AdvP, adjective phrases AdjP and prepositional phrases PrepP. (P41 E1)
4. He then placed the hot stones in an empty oil drum with kau kau (sweet potato), ripe corn, and greens.
PrepP
PrepP
NP
Lead-in
adverbial
adverbial
object
Identify the phrases in the following sentences and state their functions. Mark noun phrases as NP, verb phrases VP, adverbial phrases AdvP, adjective phrases AdjP and prepositional phrases PrepP. (P41 E1)
5. Later, I noticed a can standing upside down on the grill over the fire.
NP
AdvP
Lead-in
PrepP
PrepP
adverbial
object
adverbial
adverbial
Identify the phrases in the following sentences and state their functions. Mark noun phrases as NP, verb phrases VP, adverbial phrases AdvP, adjective phrases AdjP and prepositional phrases PrepP. (P41 E1)
6. My muscles were aching and my knees shaking as we dragged ourselves down the mountain towards home.
NP
AdvP
Lead-in
NP
adverbial
predicate
VP
subject
subject
predicate
VP
PrepP
adverbial
Review and conclude
Ⅱ
名词短语是指以一个名词为中心构成的短语。
指出下列句子中画线名词短语所作的句子成分，并注意其组成。
1. These ideas may seem strange to you. 作 ______
2. We love our great motherland very much. 作 ______
3. The man wearing a black coat is our teacher. 作_____
4. We elected him monitor of our class. 作 _________
主语
宾语
表语
宾语补足语
合作探究
一、名词短语 (NP)
短语或词组是具有一定意义但不构成句子或从句的一组词。
1. 名词短语在句中作名词用，一般用作 ___________________
_____________ 等。
2. 名词短语由“ (限定词) ＋ (数词、形容词、形容词短语、描述性
名词) ＋ 名词 ＋ (介词短语) ”组成。
主语、宾语、表语、
宾语补足语
Conclusion
一、名词短语 (NP)
限定词包括冠词 (a, an, the)、指示代词 (this, that, these, those等)、物主代词 (my, your, his, her, our, their等) 和不定代词(some, no, neither, both等)。
指出下列句子中画线部分所作的成分。
He got three gold medals at the 23rd Olympic Games.
作 _________
2. The tall building was built last year. 作 _________
3. This is a very interesting book. 作 _________
4. We made him captain of our team. 作 _________
宾语
主语
表语
宾语补足语
巩固内化
一、名词短语 (NP)
二、动词短语 (VP)
动词短语是以动词为中心的两个或多个词构成的短语。
指出下列句子中画线动词短语的组成。
1. He brought up his children strictly. ___________
2. He is looking for his new pen. ___________
3. He runs fast and we can’t catch up with him. _______________
4. We didn’t win the match, but we didn’t lose heart. ___________
5. All of us will take part in the meeting. ______________
6. I’ve been dying to have some of my favourite sweets. _______________
合作探究
动词+副词
动词+介词
动词+副词+介词
动词+名词
动词+名词+介词
be+形容词+介词
动词短语的组成：①动词+副词
②动词+介词
③动词+副词+介词
④动词+名词
⑤动词+名词+介词
⑥be+形容词+介词
Conclusion
二、动词短语 (VP)
二、动词短语 (VP)
用适当的动词短语补全下列句子。
1. Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter _________ (安顿下来), get married, and have kids.
2. Parents should actively urge their children to ____________ (利用) the opportunity to join sports teams.
3. You should learn to _______ (放开) your negative emotions.
巩固内化
settle down
take advantage of
let go of
三、形容词短语 (AdjP)
指出下列句子中画线形容词短语所作的句子成分，并注意其组成。
1. The air today is nice and clean. 作 ____________
2. She is a lively and lovely girl. 作 ____________
3. He found the film very interesting. 作 ____________
表语
定语
宾语补足语
合作探究
形容词短语是指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句子中的功能相当于形容词。
1. 形容词短语在句中作形容词用，可以修饰名词或代词，
作 _____，还可用作 _________ 或者 __________ 等。
2. 形容词短语由“ (副词) ＋ 形容词 ＋ (介词短语) ”组成。
表语
宾语补足语
定语
三、形容词短语 (AdjP)
Conclusion
指出下列句子中画线部分所作的成分。
1. This is a subject worthy of careful study. 作 _________
2. Our English teacher is very nice and patient. 作 ________
3. I found it very hard to get along with foreigners. 作_________
定语
表语
宾语补足语
三、形容词短语 (AdjP)
巩固内化
四、副词短语 (AdvP)
指出下列句子中画线副词短语所作的句子成分，并注意其组成。
1. He ran very quickly yesterday. 修饰 _______ 作 _______
2. I am much too pleased to see you. 修饰 _______ 作 _______
3. She plays well enough as a beginner. 修饰 _______ 作 _______
4. He worked much more carefully on the new design. 修饰 _______
作 _______
动词
状语
形容词
状语
动词
状语
副词
状语
合作探究
副词短语是指以一个副词为中心构成的短语，在句子中的功能相当于副词。
1. 副词短语在句中作副词用，可以修饰动词、形容词或副
词，作 _________ 等。
2. 副词短语由“ (副词) ＋ 副词”组成。
状语
四、副词短语 (AdvP)
Conclusion
副词enough在修饰形容词或者副词构成形容词短语或者副词短语时，一般放在所修饰的形容词或者副词后面。
补全句子。
1. His wife often _______________________________.
他的妻子经常告诫他开车不要太快。
2. Don’t worry. My mother will _______________________________.
不要担心，我妈妈会很细心地照顾你的孩子。
3. I __________________________, but I haven’t had time to play since the new year.
我乒乓球打得很好，但是自从新年以来我就没有时间打了。
warns him not to drive too fast
look after your baby carefully enough
play ping-pong quite well
四、副词短语 (AdvP)
巩固内化
五、介词短语 (PrepP)
介词短语，是介词和其它代词或名词或词组搭配形成的短语。
指出下列句子中画线介词短语所作的句子成分，并注意其组成。
1. There is a shop at the school gate. 修饰 _______ 作 _______
2. The boy in blue is my brother. 修饰 _______ 作 _______
3. The girl is in the room.修饰 _______ 作 _______
4. He imagined himself on the point of death.修饰 _______ 作
_______
合作探究
名词
状语
名词
定语
名词
表语
代词
宾语补足语
1. 介词短语在句中作 _____________________________等。
2. 介词短语由“ 介词＋名词性成分”组成。
Conclusion
状语、表语、宾语补足语、定语
五、介词短语 (PrepP)
介词不能独立在句中做成份，介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成分，表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。
指出下列句子中画线部分所作的成分。
1. The boy on his first overseas training felt very uneasy. __________
2. He spoke with confidence. __________
3. We should keep the cards in good order. __________
4. The girl is behind the sofa. __________
巩固内化
状语
定语
表语
宾语补足语
五、介词短语 (PrepP)
Practice and apply
Ⅲ
Practice and apply
beautiful modern road
a chorus of
dusty track
straight towards
a large amount of investment
with dangerous diseases
Identify the phrases in P41 E2.
NP
NP
NP
AdvP
NP
AdvP
合唱；异口同声的
Practice and apply
China has offered __________________________ to many countries in its Belt and Road Initiative. In the Congo, many __________ have been transformed into _______________________ since then. Trains run ___________________ Europe from China, and to China from Europe, bringing new jobs and opportunities to both ends. Chinese healthcare workers have also been sent to provide aid to places _____________________. Despite all the difficulties involved in this project, these efforts have been greeted with ______________ support from the locals.
I. Complete the passage with the phrases below in their proper forms.
beautiful modern road a chorus of dusty track straight towards
a large amount of investment with dangerous diseases
a large amount of investment
dusty tracks
beautiful modern roads
with dangerous diseases
a chorus of
straight towards
一大笔投资
“一带一路”倡议
给双方带来机遇
Practice and apply
Read the passage of Activity 3 on P41, and answer the following questions.
1. What is the purpose of this advertisement
2. What are the key points in the advertisement
Improving Health in Guinea
In order to ease suffering in Guinea, volunteers are needed to provide healthcare information. As a volunteer, you will be responsible for organising lectures, preparing posters, and visiting schools and families. There is no doubt that these activities will leave you with unforgettable memories. The programme will last for one year or more, depending on your performance.
You need to be over 18 and able to communicate in English. You don’t need to have overseas experience, but you should be friendly and outgoing.
If you are interested in volunteering, please speak to our representative online.
Practice and apply
purpose
responsibility
duration
requirements
contact method
Improving Health in Guinea
In order to ease suffering in Guinea, volunteers are needed to provide healthcare information. As a volunteer, you will be responsible for organising lectures, preparing posters, and visiting schools and families. There is no doubt that these activities will leave you with unforgettable memories. The programme will last for one year or more, depending on your performance.
You need to be over 18 and able to communicate in English. You don’t need to have overseas experience, but you should be friendly and outgoing.
If you are interested in volunteering, please speak to our representative online.
Practice and apply
减轻痛苦
毫无疑问的是……
海外经验
speak to sb: 与某人交谈 / 谈话
II. Imagine you are an editor of a volunteer website. Add phrases to the following advertisement to make it more exciting.
Practice and apply
In order to ease suffering in Guinea, volunteers are needed to provide
healthcare information. As a volunteer, you will be responsible for organising lectures, preparing posters, and visiting schools and families. There is no doubt that these activities will leave you with unforgettable
from a lack of doctors and good healthcare advice

with a heart to help others

to people in rural villages

throughout the southern part of the nation

memories. The programme will last for one year or more, depending on your performance.
You need to be over 18 and able to communicate in English. You don’t need to have overseas experience, but you should be friendly and outgoing.
Practice and apply
for the rest of your life

well both in spoken and written English (or in French)
with a wonderful smile

Practice and apply
Possible Version:
In order to ease suffering in Guinea from a lack of doctors and good healthcare advice, volunteers with a heart to help others are needed to provide healthcare information to people in rural villages. As a volunteer, you will be responsible for organising lectures, preparing posters, and visiting schools and families throughout the southern part of the nation. There is no doubt that these activities will leave you with unforgettable memories for the rest of your life. The programme will last for one year or more, depending on your performance.
You need to be over 18 and able to communicate well both in spoken and written English (or in French). You don’t need to have overseas experience, but you should be friendly and outgoing with a wonderful smile.
动词短语
1.短语动词的构成
1. 动词+副词
break out
find out
hand in
put aside
bring up
give up
pick out
爆发
查明，查出
上交
把...放在一边
留存，储蓄
抚养，提出
放弃
精心挑选
2. 动词+介词
look for
look into
laugh at
begin with
apply for
care about
abject to
consist of
寻找
调查
嘲笑
以...开始
申请
关心
反对
由...组成
3. 动词+副词+介词
come up with
get along with
put up with
run out of
make up for
do away with
get away from
提出
与...和睦相处
容忍
用完
弥补
废除
逃离
4. 动词+名词
take place
lose heart
make sense
make faces
发生
泄气
讲得通，有意义
做鬼脸
5. 动词+名词+介词
take part in
take charge of
take advantage of
show interest in
pay attention to
join hands with
keep pace with
make use of
lose control of
参加
掌管，负责
利用
对...表现出兴趣
注意
与...联手
与...并驾齐驱
利用
失去控制
6. 动词+介词+名词
（1）动词后需要带宾语类
keep...in mind
put... into effect
take...into consideration
记住...
使...生效
把...考虑在内
（2）动词后不带宾语类
come into being
burst into tears
come into effect
形成
突然大哭起来
生效
Practices
1. The company is willing to ____ the new technology if it can be shown to reduce production costs.
A. look over B. bring in C. put aside D. knock out
2. Kate heard a man's voice in the background, but she couldn't ___ what he was saying.
A. set aside B. take back C. make out D. keep off
检查
不考虑
淘汰
引进
听清
暂不考虑
收回
使避开
远离
着手处理
弥补
2.动词与介词、副词的常见搭配
1. 不同的动词后接相同的介词或副词
（1）动词+away
carry away
give away
go away
put away
run away
throw away
拿走，带走
捐赠，分发，泄露，暴露
走开
将...收起
逃离，躲避
扔掉
（2）动词+down
break down
bring down
hand down
pull down
tear down
get/set/take/write down
分解，（机器）出故障，（身体）垮掉
降低，减少
把...传下去
拆毁
拆除
写下，记下
（3）动词+off
call off
pay off
show off
cut off
set off
take off
取消
还清
炫耀
切掉，中断
出发
脱下，起飞，突然开始成功
（4）动词+on
have on
carry on
keep on
hold on
try on
穿着，戴着
继续做
继续
别挂断，坚持住，抓紧
试穿
（5）动词+out
carry out
go out
turn out
work out
put out
wear out
hand out
set out
leave out
tire out
wash out
实施，执行
熄灭
出席，在场，结果是
计算出，成功地发展
扑灭
用坏，磨损
分发
出发，动身
遗漏
使精疲力竭
把...洗掉
（6）动词+over
come over
look over
take over
hand over
think over
turn over
短暂造访
检查
接管，接收
移交
仔细考虑
翻转
（7）动词+up
bring up
cut up
fix up
make up
put up
pick up
take up
call up
grow up
set up
抚养，提出，呕吐
切碎
修理
编造，补上，组成
表现，提出（意见）
捡起，开车接人，偶然得到
开始从事，占据
使想起，打电话给
长大
建立，开办
Practices
1. 同一个动词后接不同的介词或副词
突然挣脱
中断
强行闯入
散开，解散，分手
传播
出发
出去
被理解
进展
克服
归还
屈服
放出
耗尽
投降
发出
放出
转身
翻转
归还，上交
向...求助
打开
调高
调低，关小，拒绝
关掉
不准入内
记下，镇压
提出，建议
生产，扑灭
推迟，使延期
穿上，上演
Summary
THANK YOU