UNIT 1 Food for thought
主题语境 饮食与文化
背多分1 核心单词多维速背
1.attack vt.侵袭,侵蚀,抨击 vi. & vt.袭击;攻击 n.发作,侵袭,袭击;攻击 2.opinion n.意见,看法 3.super adj.极好的,了不起的 4.sort n.种,类 vt.整理;把……分类 5.wedding n.婚礼 6.within prep.在……里 7.someday adv.将来会有一天,有朝一日 8.custom n.风俗,习惯,传统 9.china n.瓷,瓷料 10.snack n.小吃,点心 11.bacon n.咸猪肉,熏猪肉 12.steak n.牛排 13.sausage n.香肠 14.bakery n.面包店,糕饼店 15.pudding n.布丁 16.chef n.厨师 17.plate n.盘,碟 18.onion n.洋葱(头) 19.recipe n.烹饪法,食谱 20.maple n.枫树,槭树 21.lifestyle n.生活方式
1.spicy adj. (食物)加有香料的;辛辣的→spice n.香料;额外的趣味 vt.给……增加趣味 2.dare modal verb & vi.胆敢,敢于→daring adj.勇敢的;敢于冒险的 3.marriage n.婚姻→marry vt.嫁;娶;与……结婚 vi.结婚→married adj.已婚的 4.butcher n.肉贩→butcher’s n.肉店;肉铺 5.typical adj.典型的,有代表性的→typically adv.典型地,有代表性地 6.suffer vi. (身体或精神上)受苦vt.遭受;蒙受→suffering n.痛苦;苦难→sufferer n.受害者;受苦者;受难者 7.horrible adj.糟糕的→horribly adv.可怕地;非常→horror n.恐惧;厌恶 8.gather vt.聚集;搜集;收割→gathering n.聚集;聚会;收集;采集;搜集 9.bite v.咬;叮;蜇n.咬;(咬下的)一口;咬伤→bit/bitten/biting(过去式/过去分词/现在分词)→biting adj.刺骨的;刻薄的 10.cheese n.干酪,奶酪→cheesy adj.干酪气味的;干酪味道的 拙劣可笑的 11.poison n.毒素,毒物,毒药vt.毒死;下毒 败坏;使恶化→poisonous adj.有毒的 12.symbol n.象征;标志;符号→symbolic adj.象征性的;作为象征的→symbolically adv.象征性地→symbolise/-ize vt.象征;是……的象征;代表 13.function n. (事物的)功能;作用 vi.工作;运转;起作用→functional adj.实用的;功能的;运转的 14.download vt.下载(信息或程序) n.已下载的数据资料→downloadable adj.可下载的 15.related adj.有关系的,相关的;有亲属关系的→interrelated adj.相互关联的→relate vt.联系;使有联系;把……联系起来;讲述→relation n.关系,联系;亲属 16.diet n.日常饮食vi.节食→dietary adj.饮食的 17.addict n.对……着迷的人→addicted adj.着迷的→addiction n.着迷→addictive adj.使人上瘾的,使人入迷的 18.manners n.礼貌,礼仪→manner n.举止;行为方式;方法→mannered adj.不自然的→-mannered态度……的;举止……的 19.trick n.诀窍,技巧,技法 vt.欺骗;哄骗→tricky adj.狡猾的,诡计多端的;难办的,难对付的 20.differ v.不同,不一样,有区别→different adj.不同的→differently adv.不同地→difference n.不同;区别;分歧→indifferent adj.漠不关心的;不感兴趣的→indifference n.漠不关心;不感兴趣 21.handle n.柄,把手 vt.处理;搬动;操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)→handling n.处理,对付,握,拿 22.acid n.酸adj.酸的;酸性的→acidity n.酸味;酸性 23.slightly adv.略微,稍微→slight adj.轻微的;些许的 24.incredibly adv.极端地,非常地→incredible adj.难以置信的,惊人的 25.bitter adj.苦的,有苦味的;严寒的;激烈而不愉快的→bitterly adv.苦涩地;苦地→bitterness n.苦味;苦难
26.cream n.奶油;乳脂;护肤霜adj.奶油色的;淡黄色的→creamy adj.似奶油的;软厚平滑的;光滑细软的;奶油色的 27.tender adj.嫩的,软的→tenderness n.嫩;柔软 28.recommend vt.推荐;建议;介绍→recommendation n.推荐;建议;介绍;推荐信 29.belong vi.属于;应在(某处);适应→belonging n.归属→belongings n.所有物;财产 30.swing v. (使)(前后)摆动,(使)摇摆;转弯;(使)突然转向n.摆动;挥动;秋千→swung/swung (过去式/过去分词) 31.construction n.建造,建筑→construct vt.建造→reconstruct vt.重建,再建→reconstruction n.重建,改造→constructive adj.建设性的;有助益的 32.satisfying adj.令人高兴的,令人满意的→satisfy vt.使满意;满足→satisfied adj.满意的;满足的→satisfactory adj.令人满意的→satisfaction n.满意;满足;欣慰 33.convenient adj.方便的,便利的;附近的;近便的→conveniently adv.方便地,便利地→convenience n. 方便,便利;便利设施→ inconvenient adj.不方便的→inconvenience n.不便;麻烦 34.identify vt.确定;发现;认出;找到;显示→identification n.识别;鉴定;确认→identifiable adj.可识别的;可辨认的→ unidentifiable adj.无法辨认的;无法识別的 35.blog vi.写博客 n.博客,网络日志→blogger n.博客作者;博主 36.originally adv.原先,最初→original adj.原先的;最初的;独创的;原作的n.原件;原稿;原作→originality n.独创性;创意→origin n.起源;出身→originate v.起源;发端于 37.ranking n.排行,排名 adj.地位高的;……级别的→rank n.地位;级别;行列vt. & vi.把……分等级;使排成行 38.official n.官员,高级职员 adj.官方的→officially adv.正式地;官方地→office n.要职;职务;办公室 39.salty adj.含盐的,咸的→salt n.盐vt. (给食物)加盐→salted adj.加了盐的 40.sour adj.酸(味)的 vt. & vi.变味;(使)变坏,恶化→sourness n.酸味 41.resist vi. & vt.忍住,按捺vt.使不受伤害;抗(伤害);抵制;抵抗→resistant adj.有抵抗力的;抵制的;抗……的;耐……的→resistance n.抵制;抗拒;阻力 42.adapt vi. & vt. (使)适应;(使)适合→adaptation n.适应;改编本→adaptable adj.能适应的→adaptability n.适应性;适应力→adaptive adj.适应的;有适应能力的
单词速记法
词缀记忆法:名词后缀-ation表示状态或行为 语义记忆法:单复数意义不同的名词 ①custom (风俗)→customs (海关) ②manner (方式)→manners (礼貌) ③paper (纸)→papers (文件) ④work (工作)→works (作品) ⑤good (好处)→goods (商品) ⑥arm (胳膊)→arms (武器)
①admire钦佩;赞赏→admiration钦佩;羡慕 ②transport运输;运送→transportation运输 ③expect期待→expectation期待;期望 ④reserve预订→reservation预订 ※关注特殊变化 ⑤apply申请;应用→application申请;应用 ⑥explain解释→explanation解释 ⑦pronounce发音→pronunciation发音
suffer vi. ①(身体或精神上)受苦 vt. ②遭受;蒙受
suffer pain/injury/hardship/damage遭受痛苦/受伤/艰难/破坏 suffer defeat/loss/poverty/punishment遭受失败/损失/贫困/惩罚 suffer from the fire/war/flood/a headache/a heart attack遭受火灾/战争/洪水之苦/患头疼/心脏病 ①She found herself suffering from stage fright, her palms sweating and her legs trembling.她发现自己怯场,手心出汗,双腿颤抖。(续写动作描写) ②To my shock, he had become seriously ill, ________ (suffer) great pain and discomfort.令我震惊的是,他已病得很重,非常痛苦难受。(2022·浙江高考续写情感描写) ③The experience serves as a reminder: a word of kindness sometimes is a cure for not only physical suffering but also for tough life.这段经历提醒我:一句善意的话有时不仅可以治愈身体上的痛苦,还可以治愈艰难的生活。(续写主旨升华)
gather vi. ①聚集;集合 vt.②搜集(信息) ③收割;采集(植物;水果等) ④收拢;归拢 ⑤增加(速度;力量等)
gather around ...聚在……周围 gather together聚在一起 gather information/speed搜集信息/加快速度 gather one’s strength/courage鼓起某人的力量/勇气 gather sb. in one’s arms把某人抱在怀中 ①We gathered ________ the pile of apples we had picked, laughing and talking.我们聚在我们摘的苹果堆周围,有说有笑。(活动介绍) ②As the storm clouds were gathering, his car gathered speed.暴风雨乌云聚集,他的车加快了速度。 ③The moved mother gathered them ________ her arms, tears misting her eyes.感动的妈妈把他们抱在怀中,泪眼婆娑。(新高考Ⅰ卷续写)
trick n. ①诀窍;技巧 ②技法 vt. ③欺骗;哄骗
1)play a trick on sb.捉弄某人 the/a trick of doing sth.做某事的诀窍 2)trick sb. into doing sth.欺骗某人做某事 trick sb. out of sth.骗取某人某物 ①The naughty boy played tricks ________ the shy girl, making her cheeks flame with anger.那个顽皮的男孩捉弄那个害羞的女孩,气得她两颊通红。(续写情感描写) ②Tricked into giving up a large quantity of money, he got so desperate that he drowned his sadness in wine.他被骗了一大笔钱,绝望得借酒浇愁。(续写情感描写)
manners n. 礼貌;礼仪
1)It’s good/bad manners to do sth.做某事是有/没有礼貌的。 table manners餐桌礼仪 mind one’s manners注意礼貌 2)in a(n) ... manner以……的方式 a manner of (doing) sth. (做)某事的方式/方法 ①I’d like to share with you some suggestions on how to mind your table ________ (manner) in China.我想给你一些你在中国如何注意餐桌礼仪的建议。(建议信) ②She treated her friend ________ a rude manner, making her mother disappointed and annoyed.她对朋友粗鲁,这使她妈妈既失望又生气。(续写情感描写)
recommend vt. ①推荐;介绍;举荐 ②建议
1)recommend sb. sth./recommend sth. to sb.向某人推荐某物 recommend sb. as ...推荐某人担任…… 2)recommend doing sth.建议做某事 recommend sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事 recommend that sb. (should) do sth./It is recommended that ... sb. (should) do sth.建议某人做某事 ①Since you are interested in traditional Chinese culture, I recommend the book ________ you. 因为你对中国传统文化很感兴趣,所以我向你推荐这本书。(推荐信) ②The doctor strongly recommended I should be under treatment in hospital, so I could not go outing this weekend.医生强烈建议我住院治疗,因此我本周末不能去郊游。(道歉信) ③I recommend ________ (practice) tai chi, a traditional Chinese sport, for practicing it regularly will help you stay healthy physically and mentally.我建议练中国传统运动——太极拳,因为经常练太极拳会帮助你保持身心健康。(建议信)
belong vi. ①属于 ②应在(某处) ③适应
1)belong to属于;是……的成员;应归入 ①belong to不能用于进行时态和被动语态,后接名词或代词宾格。 ②belong还可用于除to以外的其他介词或副词前面,如in、on、among、under等,表“某人/某物处在适当的位置”。 2)a sense of belonging归属感 ①I belong ________ a painting club, which will enable me to deepen visitors’understanding of Chinese culture.我是绘画俱乐部成员,这将使我能加深游客对中国文化的了解。(申请信) ②Putting the book where it ________ (belong), the boy tiptoed out of the room as lightly as possible.男孩把书放在原处,尽量轻地踮起脚尖出了房间。(续写动作描写)
convenient adj. ①方便的;便利的 ②附近的;近便的
1)It is convenient (for sb.) to do sth. (某人)方便做某事。 sth. be convenient for sth.某物离某物很近 when it be convenient for/to sb.当某人方便的时候 2)for convenience为了方便起见 at one’s convenience在某人方便时 at one’s earliest convenience尽早 ①I do hope you can accept my invitation if it is convenient to you.如果你方便的话,我真的希望你能接受我的邀请。(邀请信) ②I would appreciate it if you could reply at your earliest ________ (convenient).如果您能尽早回复,我将不胜感激。(求助信) ③In recent years, significant advancements have been made in various means of transportation, greatly enhancing the efficiency and convenience of travel.近年来,各种交通工具都有了显著进步,极大地提高了出行的效率和便利性。(2024·全国甲卷演讲稿)
resist v. ①忍住,按捺 ②使不受……的伤害;抗(伤害) vi.& vt. ③抵制;反抗;抵抗 oppose
1)resist (doing) sth.抵制(做)某事 can’t/couldn’t resist doing sth.忍不住做某事 resist the temptation/urge to do忍住做……的诱惑/冲动 2)resistance to sth.反对某事 3)be resistant to对……有抵抗力;抵制…… ①A healthy diet combined with regular exercise can help your body resist infection.健康的饮食结合经常锻炼有助于身体抵抗感染。(倡议书) ②I couldn’t resist ________ (peek) in the drawer.我不由得偷看了一下抽屉里面。(续写动作描写) ③My ________ (resist) surprised him, and he shouted for help.我的反抗吓了他一跳,他大声求救。
背多分2 短语句型多维速背
appreciate different food cultures 了解不同的饮食文化
Chinese cuisine 中国菜
1.spicy dishes 辣菜
2.hot pot 火锅
3.stinky tofu 臭豆腐
4.roast duck 烤鸭
full English breakfast 全套英式早餐
5.roast beef 烤牛肉
6.black pudding 血肠,黑香肠
7.toast with butter 黄油吐司
8.feel at home with both cuisines 喜欢两国饮食
9.thanks to 多亏……;归功于……
e across 偶然遇见/发现
11.gather all one’s courage to take a bite 鼓起勇气咬一口
12.suffer from 遭受
13.traditional Chinese medicine 中国传统医学
14.fall in love with 爱上
15.take to doing 喜欢做
16.feel at home with 舒适自在;运用自如
17.remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事;使某人想起某事
18.One man’s meat is another man’s poison. 萝卜青菜各有所爱。
table manners 餐桌礼仪
19.differ in 在……方面不同
20.no exception 不例外
21.in case 以防万一
22.Tip: When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 建议:入乡随俗。
food comments 食物评论
1.taste bitter/better 味苦/味美
2.smell fishy 有鱼腥味
3.soft and juicy 柔软多汁
4.melt in the mouth 入口即化
5.explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs 像一颗颗美味的小炸弹在你的嘴里爆炸
healthy eating 健康饮食
different lifestyles 不同的生活方式
1.belong to 属于
2.more or less 几乎;差不多;或多或少;大约
3.end up 最终处于,到头来
4.bring up 抚养;培养;提高
5.catch up 打听,别后叙谈
6.not enough room to swing a cat 空间狭小,连转身的余地都没有
7.a big meat eater 挺爱吃肉的人
8.seasonal fruit and vegetables 时令水果和蔬菜
9.frozen/ready food 速冻/即食食品
10.a yoghurt with honey 酸奶配蜂蜜
11.You are what you eat. 人如其食。
12.had better do最好做
write a recipe 写食谱
13.spring onion 大葱
14.homemade dish 家常菜
15.season with salt 加盐调味
16.pick up 买;捡起;接(某人);学会;染上;好转
17.be adapted to individual tastes 适应个人不同口味
短语1in case 假使;以防;万一(引导状语从句)
in case of ...假如……;万一…… in ... case(s)在……情况下 in this/that case假使这样/那样的话 in any case不管怎样;无论如何 in no case决不(置于句首主谓部分倒装) as is often the case通常情况下 ①I have trouble getting along with my classmates, in ________ case I have to turn to you for help.我和同学们相处有困难,在这种情况下,我只得向你求助。(求助信) ②I had my camera ready, just in case there was something that would make a good picture.我把相机准备好了,万一看到什么值得拍的就拍下来。(浙江高考续写) ③In no case shall I forget the disappointment in his eyes.我决不会忘记他眼中的失望。(续写神态描写)
短语2end up 最终处于,到头来
1)end up with ...以……结束 end up as ...最终成为…… end up doing sth.最终做某事 end in ...以……告终 2)in the end最后;终于 at the end of ...在……尽头/末端 by the end of ...到……末为止(常与完成时态连用) make ends meet勉强维持生计;使收支仅能相抵 on end连续地;直立着 3)put an end to .../put/bring ... to an end结束…… ①Just keep on going. It will be worth all the effort in the end.继续奋斗。所有的努力最终都是值得的。(演讲稿) ②He ended up teaching English in Beijing, which came as a shock to us.他最后在北京当老师教英语,这着实让我们大吃一惊。(续写情感描写) ③Looking back, I would have ended ________ nowhere if I had lost patience and given up halfway. It’s patience that makes a great difference in the end.回想起来,如果我失去耐心,半途而废,我终将一事无成。是耐心最终让事情有了很大的不同。(续写主旨升华)
短语3pick up ①买 ②捡起;拿起 ③取 ④去接某人;救某人 ⑤学会 ⑥染上 ⑦接收(信号)
1)(economy、situation、life、health等) pick up (经济、情况、生活、健康等)好转 2)pick sb./sth. out挑选某人/某物 pick sb./sb.’s voice out认出某人/分辨出某人的嗓音 ①Though he tripped over within the first few kilometers, it didn’t take long before he picked himself up again and continued running.虽然他在开始的几公里内被绊倒了,但他很快就又站了起来,继续跑。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷续写) ②I picked out Alice’s voice from among the general conversation.我从众多人的谈话声中听出了爱丽丝的声音。
短语4catch up 打听(不在时所发生的事情);别后叙谈
be/get caught up in被卷入;陷入 be caught in遭遇…… catch up (with)赶上;追上 catch up on了解;得到……的消息 catch on流行;了解;理解 catch fire着火 catch one’s eye引起某人的注意 catch sb. doing sth.撞见某人在做某事 ①Cooking together relaxed us and we had a lot of fun to catch up on.一起做饭使我们放松下来,我们叙叙旧,聊得很开心。 ②Unfortunately, I was caught in a heavy rain and had a high fever the day before yesterday and I am still feeling dizzy right now.不幸的是,我前天淋了大雨,发了高烧,现在我仍然感到头晕。(道歉信) ③Mac jumped off his bicycle and rushed to the door of the car. But before Mac could open the door, the wolf had caught up and jumped to attack. Mac跳下自行车,冲向车门。但还没等他打开门,狼就追上来,跳起来攻击。
句式1状语从句的省略
For example, you needn’t use a knife and fork when eating a hamburger or pizza. 例如,当吃汉堡或披萨时,你不必用刀叉。
状语从 句省略 的条件①while、when、though/although、if、unless、even if、as if等引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或状语从句中的主语是代词it;②状语从句的谓语中含有be动词的某种形式。状语从句中的主语与主句的主语尽管不相同,但根据主、从句的对应关系判断,意思比较明确,同时从句的谓语含有be动词的某种形式。状语从 句省略 的内容省略从句中的主语和be动词。
①Why not throw ourselves into volunteering It makes us a better person while leaving a positive impact on the world around us.为什么不投身于志愿服务呢 它使我们成为更好的人,同时对我们周围的世界产生积极影响。(倡议书) ②When face to face with the polar bear, I like it to be through a camera with a telephoto lens.当和北极熊面对面时,我想用带长焦镜头的相机来拍摄它。(浙江高考续写) ③He always leapt forward and explored the unknown by sniffing here and there unless called by me.除非我叫他,他总是向前跳着,嗅来嗅去探索未知。(续写动作描写)
句式2“否定词+比较级”表最高级含义
To me, there’s nothing better than a cross-cultural afternoon tea of English biscuits and a cup of Chinese oolong tea in a fine china cup!对我来说,用英国饼干搭配盛在精致的瓷杯中的中国乌龙茶——这样的跨文化的下午茶最好了!
1)“否定词+比较级”结构中常用的否定词有no、not、never、nothing、nobody等。 2)含否定词,表最高级含义的其他表达: ①否定词+so/as+形容词/副词原级+as ②否定词+形容词/副词比较级+than ③have/had never/not+v.-ed+such+形容词原级+名词 ①Nothing can bring ________ joy and happiness than reading those masterpieces created by great figures.读那些伟大人物创作的杰作最幸福快乐了。(演讲稿) ②Hard though it is, there is nothing as valuable ________ the sense of achievement you get from challenging yourself.虽然困难重重,但是没有什么比通过挑战自己所获得的成就感更有价值的了。(续写主旨升华)
教材优美片段练背仿
People say that one man’s meat ①________ (be) another man’s poison, but I feel at home ②________ food from both my cultures. To me, there’s nothing ③________ (good) than a cross-cultural afternoon tea of English biscuits ④________ a cup of Chinese oolong tea in a fine china cup!
(续写主旨升华)回顾这次冒险,我意识到虽然自由很重要,但是安全最重要。
Looking back on the adventure, I came to the realization that though freedom counts, ⑤____________________________________________________________________.
教考衔接1
背多分3 续写素材场景练背
——情感细节描写之“紧张”
adj./adv. nervous, uneasy, tense, anxious, nervously n./v. nervousness, tension, anxiety, tremble, shake, stumble (结巴,说错), stammer/stutter (结结巴巴地说)
eye, mouth, voice ①a nervous glance紧张的一瞥; ②feel one’s throat tight and one’s mouth dry感到喉咙发紧,嘴里发干; ③clear one’s throat nervously紧张地清清嗓子; ④in a nervous voice用紧张的声音; ⑤swallow hard使劲咽了一下口水 heart, stomach ①pound/beat/race/thump wildly (心)怦怦直跳; ②have/with butterflies in one’s stomach/one’s stomach be full of butterflies心里发慌; ③sb.’s heart be in/flies into one’s mouth心提到嗓子眼儿
hand ①hands shake/tremble手发抖; ②palms sweat/palms grow sweaty手心出汗 leg legs tremble/shake腿打颤
用表“紧张”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵
微场景13 主题“挑战自我”——演讲前和演讲时的“紧张”
As John stood on stage in front of a large audience, ①______________________________ (他紧张地清了清嗓子,副词). The sound echoed through the room, and he could feel all eyes were on him. ②__________________________________ (他紧张得使劲咽了一下口水,介词短语). As he began to speak, ③______________________ (他的声音有些颤抖,无灵主语句). The once-confident words seemed to quiver in the air, and he stumbled over his opening sentence. He took a deep breath, trying to compose himself. Despite the initial stumbles, John pressed on. With each passing moment, he found his rhythm and confidence. The nervousness that ④______________ (overwhelm) him gradually gave way to a sense of accomplishment as he connected with his audience and delivered a speech that left a lasting impression.
微场景14 主题“挑战自我”——表演前的“紧张”
As I stepped onto the stage, ⑤________________________________________________ (我的心开始狂跳,手心开始冒汗,无灵主语句). My mind went blank and ⑥______________________ (我的喉咙发紧). The bright lights and the sea of faces staring back at me only added to my anxiety. I tried to take a deep breath and compose myself, but ⑦________________________________ (我紧张得不知所措,无灵主语句). The weight of the moment hung heavy in the air, and I knew that all eyes were on me.
UNIT 1 Food for thought
背多分1
1.②suffering 2.①around ③in 3.①on 4.①manners ②in 5.①to ③practicing 6.①to ②belonged 7.②convenience 8.②peeking
③resistance
背多分2
1.①which 2.③up 6.①more ②as
教材优美片段练背仿
①is ②with ③better ④and ⑤nothing is more important than safety
背多分3
①he cleared his throat nervously ②In his nervousness, he swallowed hard ③his voice trembled slightly ④had overwhelmed ⑤my heart began to race and my palms grew sweaty ⑥my throat felt tight ⑦nervousness overwhelmed me(共65张PPT)
UNIT 1 Food for thought
主题语境 饮食与文化
必修 第二册
背多分1 核心单词 多维速背
1.attack vt. 侵袭，侵蚀，抨击 vi. & vt. 袭击；攻击
n. 发作，侵袭，袭击；攻击
2.opinion n. 意见，看法
3.super adj. 极好的，了不起的
4.sort n. 种，类 vt. 整理；把……分类
5.wedding n. 婚礼
6.within prep. 在……里
7.someday adv. 将来会有一天，有朝一日
8.custom n. 风俗，习惯，传统
9.china n. 瓷，瓷料
10.snack n. 小吃，点心
11.bacon n. 咸猪肉，熏猪肉
12.steak n. 牛排
13.sausage n. 香肠
14.bakery n. 面包店，糕饼店
15.pudding n. 布丁
16.chef n. 厨师
17.plate n. 盘，碟
18.onion n. 洋葱(头)
19.recipe n. 烹饪法，食谱
20.maple n. 枫树，槭树
21.lifestyle n. 生活方式
词缀记忆法：名词后缀-ation表示状态或行为
①admire 钦佩；赞赏→admiration 钦佩；羡慕
②transport 运输；运送→transportation 运输
③expect 期待→expectation 期待；期望
④reserve 预订→reservation 预订
※关注特殊变化
⑤apply 申请；应用→application 申请；应用
⑥explain 解释→explanation 解释
⑦pronounce 发音→pronunciation 发音
语义记忆法：单复数意义不同的名词
①custom (风俗)→customs (海关)
②manner (方式)→manners (礼貌)
③paper (纸)→papers (文件)
④work (工作)→works (作品)
⑤good (好处)→goods (商品)
⑥arm (胳膊)→arms (武器)
②To my shock, he had become seriously ill, ___________ (suffer) great pain and discomfort. 令我震惊的是，他已病得很重，非常痛苦难 受。(2022·浙江高考续写情感描写)
③The experience serves as a reminder： a word of kindness sometimes is a cure for not only physical suffering but also for tough life. 这段经历提醒我：一句善意的话有时不仅可以治愈身体上的痛苦，还可以治愈艰难的生活。(续写主旨升华)
suffering
2.gather vi. ①聚集；集合 vt.②搜集(信息) ③收割；采集(植物；水果等) ④收拢；归拢 ⑤增加(速度；力量等)
gather around ... 聚在……周围
gather together 聚在一起
gather information/speed 搜集信息/加快速度
gather one’s strength/courage 鼓起某人的力量/勇气
gather sb. in one’s arms 把某人抱在怀中
①We gathered ________ the pile of apples we had picked, laughing and talking.我们聚在我们摘的苹果堆周围，有说有笑。(活动介绍)
②As the storm clouds were gathering, his car gathered speed. 暴风雨乌云聚集，他的车加快了速度。
③The moved mother gathered them ________ her arms, tears misting her eyes.感动的妈妈把他们抱在怀中，泪眼婆娑。(新高考Ⅰ卷续写)
around
in
3.trick n. ①诀窍；技巧 ②技法 vt. ③欺骗；哄骗
1)play a trick on sb. 捉弄某人
the/a trick of doing sth. 做某事的诀窍
2)trick sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事
trick sb. out of sth. 骗取某人某物
①The naughty boy played tricks ________ the shy girl, making her cheeks flame with anger.那个顽皮的男孩捉弄那个害羞的女孩，气得她两颊通红。(续写情感描写)
②Tricked into giving up a large quantity of money, he got so desperate that he drowned his sadness in wine. 他被骗了一大笔钱，绝望得借酒浇愁。(续写情感描写)
on
4.manners n. 礼貌；礼仪
1)It’s good/bad manners to do sth. 做某事是有/没有礼貌的。
table manners 餐桌礼仪
mind one’s manners 注意礼貌
2)in a(n) ... manner 以……的方式
a manner of (doing) sth. (做)某事的方式/方法
①I’d like to share with you some suggestions on how to mind your table __________ (manner) in China.我想给你一些你在中国如何注意餐桌礼仪的建议。(建议信)
②She treated her friend ________ a rude manner, making her mother disappointed and annoyed.她对朋友粗鲁, 这使她妈妈既失望又生气。
(续写情感描写)
manners
in
5.recommend vt. ①推荐；介绍；举荐 ②建议
1)recommend sb. sth./recommend sth. to sb. 向某人推荐某物
recommend sb. as ... 推荐某人担任……
2)recommend doing sth. 建议做某事
recommend sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事
recommend that sb. (should) do sth./It is recommended that ... sb. (should) do sth. 建议某人做某事
①Since you are interested in traditional Chinese culture, I recommend the book ________ you. 因为你对中国传统文化很感兴趣，所以我向你推荐这本书。(推荐信)
②The doctor strongly recommended I should be under treatment in hospital, so I could not go outing this weekend. 医生强烈建议我住院治疗，因此我本周末不能去郊游。(道歉信)
③I recommend ___________ (practice) tai chi, a traditional Chinese sport, for practicing it regularly will help you stay healthy physically and mentally. 我建议练中国传统运动——太极拳，因为经常练太极拳会帮助你保持身心健康。(建议信)
to
practicing
6.belong vi. ①属于 ②应在(某处) ③适应
1)belong to 属于；是……的成员；应归入
①belong to不能用于进行时态和被动语态，后接名词或代词宾格。
②belong还可用于除to以外的其他介词或副词前面，如in、 on、 among、 under等，表“某人/某物处在适当的位置”。
2)a sense of belonging 归属感
①I belong ________ a painting club, which will enable me to deepen visitors’ understanding of Chinese culture.我是绘画俱乐部成员，这将使我能加深游客对中国文化的了解。(申请信)
②Putting the book where it ____________ (belong), the boy tiptoed out of the room as lightly as possible.男孩把书放在原处，尽量轻地踮起脚尖出了房间。(续写动作描写)
to
belonged
7.convenient adj. ①方便的；便利的 ②附近的；近便的
1)It is convenient (for sb.) to do sth. (某人)方便做某事。
sth. be convenient for sth. 某物离某物很近
when it be convenient for/to sb. 当某人方便的时候
2)for convenience 为了方便起见
at one’s convenience 在某人方便时
at one’s earliest convenience 尽早
①I do hope you can accept my invitation if it is convenient to you. 如果你方便的话，我真的希望你能接受我的邀请。(邀请信)
②I would appreciate it if you could reply at your earliest ____________ (convenient).如果您能尽早回复，我将不胜感激。(求助信)
③In recent years, significant advancements have been made in various means of transportation, greatly enhancing the efficiency and convenience of travel. 近年来，各种交通工具都有了显著进步，极大地提高了出行的效率和便利性。(2024·全国甲卷演讲稿)
convenience
①A healthy diet combined with regular exercise can help your body resist infection.健康的饮食结合经常锻炼有助于身体抵抗感染。(倡议书)
②I couldn’t resist ________ (peek) in the drawer. 我不由得偷看了一下抽屉里面。(续写动作描写)
③My ___________ (resist) surprised him, and he shouted for help. 我的反抗吓了他一跳，他大声求救。
peeking
resistance
背多分2 短语句型 多维速背
appreciate different food cultures 了解不同的饮食文化
Chinese cuisine 中国菜
1.spicy dishes 辣菜
2.hot pot 火锅
3.stinky tofu 臭豆腐
4.roast duck 烤鸭
full English breakfast 全套英式早餐
5.roast beef 烤牛肉
6.black pudding 血肠，黑香肠
7.toast with butter 黄油吐司
8.feel at home with both cuisines 喜欢两国饮食
9.thanks to 多亏……；归功于……
e across 偶然遇见/发现
11.gather all one’s courage to take a bite 鼓起勇气咬一口
12.suffer from 遭受
13.traditional Chinese medicine 中国传统医学
14.fall in love with 爱上
15.take to doing 喜欢做
16.feel at home with 舒适自在；运用自如
17.remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事；使某人想起某事
18.One man’s meat is another man’s poison. 萝卜青菜各有所爱。
table manners 餐桌礼仪
19.differ in 在……方面不同
20.no exception 不例外
21.in case 以防万一
22.Tip： When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 建议：入乡随俗。
food comments 食物评论
1.taste bitter/better 味苦/味美
2.smell fishy 有鱼腥味
3.soft and juicy 柔软多汁
4.melt in the mouth 入口即化
5.explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs 像一颗颗美味的小炸弹在你的嘴里爆炸
healthy eating 健康饮食
different lifestyles 不同的生活方式
1.belong to 属于
2.more or less 几乎；差不多；或多或少；大约
3.end up 最终处于，到头来
4.bring up 抚养；培养；提高
5.catch up 打听，别后叙谈
6.not enough room to swing a cat 空间狭小，连转身的余地都没有
7.a big meat eater 挺爱吃肉的人
8.seasonal fruit and vegetables 时令水果和蔬菜
9.frozen/ready food 速冻/即食食品
10.a yoghurt with honey 酸奶配蜂蜜
11.You are what you eat. 人如其食。
12.had better do最好做
write a recipe 写食谱
13.spring onion 大葱
14.homemade dish 家常菜
15.season with salt 加盐调味
16.pick up 买；捡起；接(某人)；学会；染上；好转
17.be adapted to individual tastes 适应个人不同口味
1.短语1 in case 假使；以防；万一(引导状语从句)
in case of ... 假如……；万一……
in ... case(s) 在……情况下
in this/that case 假使这样/那样的话
in any case 不管怎样；无论如何
in no case 决不(置于句首主谓部分倒装)
as is often the case 通常情况下
①I have trouble getting along with my classmates, in ________ case I have to turn to you for help.我和同学们相处有困难，在这种情况下，我只得向你求助。(求助信)
②I had my camera ready, just in case there was something that would make a good picture.我把相机准备好了，万一看到什么值得拍的就拍下来。(浙江高考续写)
③In no case shall I forget the disappointment in his eyes. 我决不会忘记他眼中的失望。(续写神态描写)
which
2.短语2 end up 最终处于，到头来
1)end up with ... 以……结束 end up as ... 最终成为……
end up doing sth. 最终做某事 end in ... 以……告终
2)in the end 最后；终于
at the end of ... 在……尽头/末端
by the end of ... 到……末为止(常与完成时态连用)
make ends meet 勉强维持生计；使收支仅能相抵
on end 连续地；直立着
3)put an end to .../put/bring ... to an end 结束……
①Just keep on going. It will be worth all the effort in the end.继续奋 斗。所有的努力最终都是值得的。(演讲稿)
②He ended up teaching English in Beijing, which came as a shock to us. 他最后在北京当老师教英语，这着实让我们大吃一惊。(续写情感描写)
③Looking back, I would have ended ________ nowhere if I had lost patience and given up halfway. It’s patience that makes a great difference in the end. 回想起来，如果我失去耐心，半途而废，我终将一事无 成。是耐心最终让事情有了很大的不同。(续写主旨升华)
up
3.短语3 pick up ①买 ②捡起；拿起 ③取 ④去接某人；救某人 ⑤学会 ⑥染上 ⑦接收(信号)
1)(economy、 situation、 life、 health等) pick up (经济、情况、生 活、健康等)好转
2)pick sb./sth. out 挑选某人/某物
pick sb./sb.’s voice out 认出某人/分辨出某人的嗓音
①Though he tripped over within the first few kilometers, it didn’t take long before he picked himself up again and continued running. 虽然他在开始的几公里内被绊倒了，但他很快就又站了起来，继续跑。 (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷续写)
②I picked out Alice’s voice from among the general conversation. 我从众多人的谈话声中听出了爱丽丝的声音。
4.短语4 catch up 打听(不在时所发生的事情)；别后叙谈
be/get caught up in 被卷入；陷入
be caught in 遭遇……
catch up (with) 赶上；追上
catch up on 了解；得到……的消息
catch on 流行；了解；理解
catch fire 着火
catch one’s eye 引起某人的注意
catch sb. doing sth. 撞见某人在做某事
①Cooking together relaxed us and we had a lot of fun to catch up on.一起做饭使我们放松下来，我们叙叙旧，聊得很开心。
②Unfortunately, I was caught in a heavy rain and had a high fever the day before yesterday and I am still feeling dizzy right now. 不幸的是，我前天淋了大雨，发了高烧，现在我仍然感到头晕。(道歉信)
③Mac jumped off his bicycle and rushed to the door of the car. But before Mac could open the door, the wolf had caught up and jumped to attack. Mac 跳下自行车，冲向车门。但还没等他打开门，狼就追上 来，跳起来攻击。
5.句式1状语从句的省略
For example, you needn’t use a knife and fork when eating a hamburger or pizza. 例如，当吃汉堡或披萨时，你不必用刀叉。
状语从 句省略 的条件 ①while、when、though/although、if、unless、even if、as if等引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或状语从句中的主语是代词it；②状语从句的谓语中含有be动词的某种形式。
状语从句中的主语与主句的主语尽管不相同，但根据主、从句的对应关系判断，意思比较明确，同时从句的谓语含有be动词的某种形式。
状语从句 省略的内容 省略从句中的主语和be动词。
①Why not throw ourselves into volunteering It makes us a better person while leaving a positive impact on the world around us. 为什么不投身于志愿服务呢 它使我们成为更好的人，同时对我们周围的世界产生积极影响。(倡议书)
②When face to face with the polar bear, I like it to be through a camera with a telephoto lens.当和北极熊面对面时，我想用带长焦镜头的相机来拍摄它。(浙江高考续写)
③He always leapt forward and explored the unknown by sniffing here and there unless called by me. 除非我叫他，他总是向前跳着，嗅来嗅去探索未知。 (续写动作描写)
6.句式2 “否定词+比较级”表最高级含义
To me, there’s nothing better than a cross-cultural afternoon tea of English biscuits and a cup of Chinese oolong tea in a fine china cup!对我来说，用英国饼干搭配盛在精致的瓷杯中的中国乌龙茶——这样的跨文化的下午茶最好了!
1)“否定词+比较级”结构中常用的否定词有no、 not、 never、 nothing、 nobody等。
2)含否定词，表最高级含义的其他表达：
①否定词+so/as+形容词/副词原级+as
②否定词+形容词/副词比较级+than
③have/had never/not+v.-ed+such+形容词原级+名词
①Nothing can bring ________ joy and happiness than reading those masterpieces created by great figures.读那些伟大人物创作的杰作最幸福快乐了。(演讲稿)
②Hard though it is, there is nothing as valuable ________ the sense of achievement you get from challenging yourself. 虽然困难重重, 但是没有什么比通过挑战自己所获得的成就感更有价值的了。(续写主旨升华)
more
as
is
with
better
and
nothing is more important than safety
背多分3 续写素材 场景练背
——情感细节描写之“紧张”
adj./adv. nervous, uneasy, tense, anxious, nervously n./v. nervousness, tension, anxiety, tremble, shake, stumble (结巴，说错), stammer/stutter (结结巴巴地说)
eye， mouth， voice ①a nervous glance紧张的一瞥； ②feel one’s throat tight and one’s mouth dry感到喉咙发紧，嘴里发干； ③clear one’s throat nervously紧张地清清嗓子； ④in a nervous voice用紧张的声音； ⑤swallow hard使劲咽了一下口水 heart， stomach ①pound/beat/race/thump wildly (心)怦怦直跳；
②have/with butterflies in one’s stomach/one’s stomach be full of butterflies心里发慌； ③sb.’s heart be in/flies into one’s mouth心提到嗓子眼儿
hand ①hands shake/tremble手发抖； ②palms sweat/palms grow sweaty手心出汗 leg legs tremble/shake腿打颤
用表“紧张”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵
微场景13 主题“挑战自我”——演讲前和演讲时的“紧张”
As John stood on stage in front of a large audience, ①________________ ________________ (他紧张地清了清嗓子，副词). The sound echoed through the room, and he could feel all eyes were on him. ②___________ ___________________________________ (他紧张得使劲咽了一下口水，介词短语). As he began to speak, ③__________________________ (他的声音有些颤抖，无灵主语句). The once-confident words seemed to quiver in the air, and he stumbled over his opening sentence. He took a
he cleared his throat nervously
In his nervousness, he swallowed hard
his voice trembled slightly
deep breath, trying to compose himself. Despite the initial stumbles, John pressed on. With each passing moment, he found his rhythm and confidence. The nervousness that ④___________________ (overwhelm) him gradually gave way to a sense of accomplishment as he connected with his audience and delivered a speech that left a lasting impression.
had overwhelmed
微场景14 主题“挑战自我”——表演前的“紧张”
As I stepped onto the stage, ⑤__________________________________ ____________ (我的心开始狂跳，手心开始冒汗，无灵主语句). My mind went blank and ⑥______________________ (我的喉咙发紧). The bright lights and the sea of faces staring back at me only added to my anxiety. I tried to take a deep breath and compose myself, but ⑦____ ____________________________ (我紧张得不知所措，无灵主语句). The weight of the moment hung heavy in the air, and I knew that all eyes were on me.
my heart began to race and my palms grew sweaty
my throat felt tight
nervousness overwhelmed me
