UNIT 6
阅读 (2023·全国甲卷) 体裁:说明文 主题语境:人与动物 难度:★★★★☆
Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5m long and weigh over 400kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche—we revere (敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams. Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see, and their answer is often the same: a grizzly bear.
“Grizzly bears are re-occupying large areas of their former range,” says bear biologist Chris Servheen. As grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven’t been seen in a century or more, they’re increasingly being sighted by humans.
The western half of the U.S. was full of grizzlies when Europeans came, with a rough number of 50,000 or more living alongside Native Americans. By the early 1970s, after centuries of cruel and continuous hunting by settlers, 600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their former range in the Northern Rockies. In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act.
Today, there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S. Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de-list grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. For now, grizzlies remain listed.
Obviously, if precautions (预防) aren’t taken, grizzlies can become troublesome, sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food. If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble. Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away. “Our hope is to have a clean, attractant-free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits,” says James Jonkel, longtime biologist who manages bears in and around Missoula.
1.How do Americans look at grizzlies
A. They cause mixed feelings in people. B. They should be kept in national parks.
C. They are of high scientific value. D. They are a symbol of American culture.
2.What has helped the increase of the grizzly population
A. The European settlers’ behavior. B. The expansion of bears’ range.
C. The protection by law since 1975. D. The support of Native Americans.
3.What has stopped the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service from de-listing grizzlies
A. The opposition of conservation groups. B. The successful comeback of grizzlies.
C. The voice of the biologists. D. The local farmers’ advocates.
4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. Food should be provided for grizzlies. B. People can live in harmony with grizzlies.
C. A special path should be built for grizzlies. D. Technology can be introduced to protect grizzlies.
七选五 (2025·黑龙江名校联考) 体裁:说明文 主题语境:环境保护 难度:★★★☆☆
My mom is one of the least wasteful people I know. She always brings her own metal containers to buy basic foods like rice and flour. 1 The key is to be creative about reducing plastic and other waste—just like my mom does at home.
One effective way is to conduct a review of household rubbish. List the rubbish by room or by activity. 2 This examination will help you assess your waste output and identify the ways to reduce it. For example, use reusable bags if you find a lot of plastic bags piling up under your sink.
3 A lot of low-waste solutions might seem like they require buying special containers like silicone (硅胶) replacements for your Ziplock (带封口的) bags. But you don’t need to spend money on those items. Instead, figure out a way to repurpose the waste. Use empty cans, boxes and other food containers to store leftovers.
Beyond repurposing food containers, explore ways to save household items before throwing them away. Maybe you can mend an old pair of jeans instead of buying a new pair. Or maybe you can cut up old T-shirts into rags, which is what my mom used to do with my dad’s old T-shirts. 4 I don’t feel bad about getting grease (油脂) on them.
Remember: Lowering the amount of waste you create doesn’t have to be an all-or-nothing pursuit. 5
A. You can try reusing your containers.
B. You can live a low-waste lifestyle too.
C. She used to bring reusable bags to the market.
D. You might write “used wipes and paper towels” under “nursery”.
E. I do this now too and the rags are perfect for household cleaning.
F. Find changes that work for you and you’ll be more likely to stick with them.
G. You can try sourcing your own food by growing a garden in your community.
语法填空 (2025·泉州一模) 体裁:说明文 主题语境:现代技术与农业 难度:★★★☆☆
Located in Zhejiang Province in southeastern China, Qingtian County is surrounded by mountains and seems unsuitable for farming. 1.__________ (overcome) the geographical limitations, the locals innovated the practice of raising fish in rice fields.
The rice-fish symbiosis (共生) system employs 2.__________ sustainable model where fish consume insects and weeds, and fish waste fertilizes (施肥) the fields, 3.__________ (achieve) double control of fertilizers and pesticides (农药). This method promotes the recycling of internal waste and 4.__________ (reduce) the carbon footprint by 43 percent compared to conventional rice farming. It is a great example of integrating green and low-carbon 5.__________ (principle) into modern, efficient ecological agriculture.
In June 2005, this system 6.__________ (include) to the Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems list by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 7.__________ was a first for both China and Asia. It has also encouraged overseas Chinese to return home to 8.__________ (active) start businesses. In 2019, Lin Guoping returned to China from the Czech Republic to popularize the 9.__________ (tradition) technique. He learned it from his mother, the oldest master of the technique. Jin Yuepin, who came back from France, established a rice-fish farming demonstration site and helped win both the rice and the fish national certifications as “green food” 10.__________ their natural qualities and environmental value.
限时练
阅读
本文讲述了美国灰熊从濒危物种恢复到2 000多只,但也带来了一些问题。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5m long and weigh over 400kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche—we revere (敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams. (灰熊可以长到2.5米长,体重超过400公斤,在美国人的心中占据着一个矛盾的角落——即使它们给我们带来可怕的梦,我们也敬畏它们)”可知,美国人对灰熊既害怕,又敬畏,他们的情感是混合的。故选A。
2.C 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act. (1975年,灰熊被列入《濒危物种法》)”以及第四段中的“如今,美国大约有2 000只或更多的灰熊。它们的恢复非常成功,以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局两次试图将灰熊从名单上除名,这将放松对灰熊的法律保护,允许它们被猎杀”可知,由于从1975年起受法律保护,灰熊的数量有了增长。故选C。
3.A 细节理解题。根据第四段“Today, there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S. Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de-list grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. For now, grizzlies remain listed. (如今,美国大约有2 000只或更多的灰熊。它们的恢复非常成功,以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局两次试图将灰熊从名单上除名,这将放松对灰熊的法律保护,允许它们被猎杀。由于保护组织的诉讼,这两次努力都被推翻了。目前,灰熊仍在名单上)”可知,是保护组织的反对阻止了美国鱼类和野生动物管理局将灰熊从濒危物种名单上除名。故选A。
4.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,如果不采取预防措施,灰熊会变得很麻烦,有时会杀死农场动物,或者在院子里寻找食物。如果人们把食物和引诱剂从他们的院子和露营地移走,灰熊通常会安然通过。在鸡舍和其他农场动物生活区周围设置电网围栏也能有效地赶走灰熊。“我们希望有一个干净,没有诱饵的地方,熊可以通过,而不会养成坏习惯,”詹姆斯·琼克尔说,他是一位长期管理米苏拉及其周围熊的生物学家。由此可知,灰熊数量增长,虽然会带来一些麻烦,但是如果采取一些预防措施,人和灰熊可以和谐相处。故选B。
七选五
文章介绍了作者和妈妈学到的减少浪费,减少废物的做法。
1.B 上文提到作者的妈妈是作者认识的最不浪费的人之一,她总带着自己的金属罐去购买米面等基本食品。下文“就像我妈妈在家减少塑料盒和其他废物的做法一样”,由此可知,空处应与减少浪费相关;且第二至五段则介绍减少浪费的方法。结合读者对象you和主题“减少浪费”可确定B项“你也能过低浪费的生活方式”承上启下,符合语境。
2.D 上文提到的是按房间或活动列出垃圾;下文提到这种检查有助评估废物输出量并确定减少废物量的方法。空处承接上文,应接着说明如何列出垃圾,故D项“‘在婴儿房’下写下‘用过的湿巾和纸巾’”符合语境。
3.A 空处为段落小标题。下文提到许多低浪费的解决方案似乎需要购买特殊容器,例如买硅胶替代品替换带封口的口袋。最后两句提到重新利用空罐子、盒子或其他容器放剩饭菜。由此可知,本段介绍的是对容器的再利用,故A项正确。
4.E 上文提到作者的母亲用父亲的旧T恤做抹布,下文提到作者不会因为T恤上沾了油而心情不好,由此可知,空处应提到“我”也把旧T恤做成抹布,故E项“我现在也这样做,抹布非常适合家庭清洁”符合语境。选项中的this指代上文妈妈的做法, rags是原词复现。
5.F 上文提到减少浪费不是一个孤注一掷的追求,F项“找到适合你的改变,就更有可能坚持下去。”符合语境。
积
all-or-nothing pursuit孤注一掷的追求
语法填空
文章介绍了中国浙江省青田县的一种独特的稻鱼共生系统。
1.To overcome 考查非谓语动词。句意:为了克服地理限制,当地人创新了稻田养鱼的做法。此处作目的状语,应用动词不定式,空处位于句首,首字母应大写。故填To overcome。
2.a 考查冠词。model为可数名词,此处表泛指, sustainable发音以辅音音素开头,其前用不定冠词a修饰。
3.achieving 考查非谓语动词。空处需填非谓语动词作状语, The rice-fish symbiosis (共生) system和achieve为逻辑上的主谓关系,应用现在分词形式作状语。故填achieving。
4.reduces 考查动词时态。空处和promotes为并列谓语,应用一般现在时,主语为单数名词,谓语动词为第三人称单数形式。故填reduces。
5.principles 考查名词的数。空处作宾语, principle是可数名词,且空前无限定词,空处用其复数形式principles表泛指。故填principles。
6.was included 考查动词时态和语态。根据时间状语“In June 2005”可知,该句用一般过去时,主语this system和include为被动关系,应用被动语态,主语为单数名词,be动词用was。故填was included。
7.which 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面的句子,关系词在定语从句中作主语,应用关系代词which引导定语从句。
8.actively 考查词形转换。空处修饰动词start,应用副词作状语。故填actively。
9.traditional 考查词形转换。空处修饰名词technique作定语,应用形容词,故填traditional。
10.for 考查介词。句意:从法国归来的金岳品建立了一个稻鱼养殖示范基地,并凭借其天然品质和环境价值,帮助稻米和鱼类均获得了国家“绿色食品”认证。空处表“因为”,应用介词for。(共30张PPT)
限时练
必修第二册 UNIT 6
阅读 (2023·全国甲卷) 体裁：说明文 主题语境：人与动物 难度：★★★★☆
Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5m long and weigh over 400kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche—we revere (敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams. Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see, and their answer is often the same: a grizzly bear.
“Grizzly bears are re-occupying large areas of their former range,” says bear biologist Chris Servheen. As grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven’t been seen in a century or more, they’re increasingly being sighted by humans.
The western half of the U.S. was full of grizzlies when Europeans came, with a rough number of 50,000 or more living alongside Native Americans. By the early 1970s, after centuries of cruel and continuous hunting by settlers, 600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their former range in the Northern Rockies. In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act.
Today, there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S. Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de-list grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. For now, grizzlies remain listed.
Obviously, if precautions (预防) aren’t taken, grizzlies can become troublesome, sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food. If people remove food and attractants from their yards and
campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble. Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away. “Our hope is to have a clean, attractant-free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits,” says James Jonkel, longtime biologist who manages bears in and around Missoula.
本文讲述了美国灰熊从濒危物种恢复到2 000多只，但也带来了一些问题。
1.How do Americans look at grizzlies
A. They cause mixed feelings in people.
B. They should be kept in national parks.
C. They are of high scientific value.
D. They are a symbol of American culture.
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5m long and weigh over 400kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche—we revere (敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams. (灰熊可以长到2.5米长，体重超过400公斤，在美国人的心中占据着一个矛盾的角落——即使它们给我们带来可怕的梦，我们也敬畏它们)”可知，美国人对灰熊既害怕,又敬畏，他们的情感是混合的。故选A。
答案与解析
2.What has helped the increase of the grizzly population
A. The European settlers’ behavior.
B. The expansion of bears’ range.
C. The protection by law since 1975.
D. The support of Native Americans.
推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act. (1975年，灰熊被列入《濒危物种法》)”以及第四段中的“如今，美国大约有2 000只或更多的灰熊。它们的恢复非常成功，以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局两次试图将灰熊从名单上除名，这将放松对灰熊的法律保护，允许它们被猎杀”可知,由于从1975年起受法律保护,灰熊的数量有了增长。故选C。
答案与解析
3.What has stopped the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service from de-listing grizzlies
A. The opposition of conservation groups.
B. The successful comeback of grizzlies.
C. The voice of the biologists.
D. The local farmers’ advocates.
细节理解题。根据第四段“Today, there are about 2，000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S. Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de-list grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. For now, grizzlies remain listed. (如今，美国大约有2 000只或更多的灰熊。它们的恢复非常成功，以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理
答案与解析
局两次试图将灰熊从名单上除名，这将放松对灰熊的法律保护，允许它们被猎杀。由于保护组织的诉讼,这两次努力都被推翻了。目前，灰熊仍在名单上)”可知，是保护组织的反对阻止了美国鱼类和野生动物管理局将灰熊从濒危物种名单上除名。故选A。
答案与解析
4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. Food should be provided for grizzlies.
B. People can live in harmony with grizzlies.
C. A special path should be built for grizzlies.
D. Technology can be introduced to protect grizzlies.
推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，如果不采取预防措施，灰熊会变得很麻烦，有时会杀死农场动物，或者在院子里寻找食物。如
答案与解析
果人们把食物和引诱剂从他们的院子和露营地移走，灰熊通常会安然通过。在鸡舍和其他农场动物生活区周围设置电网围栏也能有效地赶走灰熊。“我们希望有一个干净，没有诱饵的地方，熊可以通过，而不会养成坏习惯，”詹姆斯·琼克尔说，他是一位长期管理米苏拉及其周围熊的生物学家。由此可知，灰熊数量增长，虽然会带来一些麻烦，但是如果采取一些预防措施，人和灰熊可以和谐相处。故选B。
答案与解析
七选五 (2025·黑龙江名校联考) 体裁：说明文 主题语境：环境保护 难度：★★★☆☆
My mom is one of the least wasteful people I know. She always brings her own metal containers to buy basic foods like rice and flour.
1 The key is to be creative about reducing plastic and other waste—just like my mom does at home.
One effective way is to conduct a review of household rubbish. List the rubbish by room or by activity. 2 This examination will help you assess your waste output and identify the ways to reduce it. For example, use reusable bags if you find a lot of plastic bags piling up under your sink.
3 A lot of low-waste solutions might seem like they require buying special containers like silicone (硅胶) replacements for your Ziplock (带封口的) bags. But you don’t need to spend money on those items. Instead, figure out a way to repurpose the waste. Use empty cans, boxes and other food containers to store leftovers.
Beyond repurposing food containers, explore ways to save household items before throwing them away. Maybe you can mend an old pair of jeans instead of buying a new pair. Or maybe you can cut up old T-shirts into rags, which is what my mom used to do with my dad’s old T-shirts.
4 I don’t feel bad about getting grease (油脂) on them.
Remember: Lowering the amount of waste you create doesn’t have to be an all-or-nothing pursuit. 5
A. You can try reusing your containers.
B. You can live a low-waste lifestyle too.
C. She used to bring reusable bags to the market.
D. You might write “used wipes and paper towels” under “nursery”.
E. I do this now too and the rags are perfect for household cleaning.
F. Find changes that work for you and you’ll be more likely to stick with them.
G. You can try sourcing your own food by growing a garden in your community.
文章介绍了作者和妈妈学到的减少浪费，减少废物的做法。
1.B 上文提到作者的妈妈是作者认识的最不浪费的人之一，她总带着自己的金属罐去购买米面等基本食品。下文“就像我妈妈在家减少塑料盒和其他废物的做法一样”，由此可知，空处应与减少浪费相关；且第二至五段则介绍减少浪费的方法。结合读者对象you和主题“减少浪费”可确定B项“你也能过低浪费的生活方式”承上启下，符合语境。
答案与解析
2.D 上文提到的是按房间或活动列出垃圾；下文提到这种检查有助评估废物输出量并确定减少废物量的方法。空处承接上文，应接着说明如何列出垃圾，故D项“‘在婴儿房’下写下‘用过的湿巾和纸巾’”符合语境。
3.A 空处为段落小标题。下文提到许多低浪费的解决方案似乎需要购买特殊容器，例如买硅胶替代品替换带封口的口袋。最后两句提到重新利用空罐子、盒子或其他容器放剩饭菜。由此可知，本段介绍的是对容器的再利用，故A项正确。
答案与解析
4.E 上文提到作者的母亲用父亲的旧T恤做抹布，下文提到作者不会因为T恤上沾了油而心情不好，由此可知，空处应提到“我”也把旧T恤做成抹布，故E项“我现在也这样做，抹布非常适合家庭清洁”符合语境。选项中的this指代上文妈妈的做法, rags是原词复现。
5.F 上文提到减少浪费不是一个孤注一掷的追求，F项“找到适合你的改变，就更有可能坚持下去。”符合语境。
答案与解析
积累
all-or-nothing pursuit孤注一掷的追求
语法填空 (2025·泉州一模) 体裁：说明文 主题语境：现代技术与农业 难度：★★★☆☆
Located in Zhejiang Province in southeastern China, Qingtian County is surrounded by mountains and seems unsuitable for farming. 1.______________ (overcome) the geographical limitations, the locals innovated the practice of raising fish in rice fields.
To overcome
The rice-fish symbiosis (共生) system employs 2.__________ sustainable model where fish consume insects and weeds, and fish waste fertilizes (施肥) the fields, 3.__________ (achieve) double control of fertilizers and pesticides (农药). This method promotes the recycling of internal waste and 4.__________ (reduce) the carbon footprint by 43 percent compared to conventional rice farming. It is a great example of integrating green and low-carbon 5.__________ (principle) into modern, efficient ecological agriculture.
a
achieving
reduces
principles
In June 2005, this system 6.____________ (include) to the Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems list by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 7.__________ was a first for both China and Asia. It has also encouraged overseas Chinese to return home to 8.__________ (active) start businesses. In 2019, Lin Guoping returned to China from the Czech Republic to popularize the 9.______________ (tradition) technique. He learned it from his mother, the oldest master of the technique. Jin Yuepin, who came back from France, established a rice-fish farming demonstration site and helped win both the rice and the fish national certifications as “green food” 10.__________ their natural qualities and environmental value.
was included
which
actively
traditional
for
文章介绍了中国浙江省青田县的一种独特的稻鱼共生系统。
1.To overcome 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了克服地理限制，当地人创新了稻田养鱼的做法。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式,空处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填To overcome。
2.a 考查冠词。model为可数名词，此处表泛指, sustainable发音以辅音音素开头，其前用不定冠词a修饰。
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3.achieving 考查非谓语动词。空处需填非谓语动词作状语, The rice-fish symbiosis (共生) system和achieve为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。故填achieving。
4.reduces 考查动词时态。空处和promotes为并列谓语，应用一般现在时，主语为单数名词，谓语动词为第三人称单数形式。故填reduces。
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5.principles 考查名词的数。空处作宾语, principle是可数名词，且空前无限定词，空处用其复数形式principles表泛指。故填principles。
6.was included 考查动词时态和语态。根据时间状语“In June 2005”可知，该句用一般过去时，主语this system和include为被动关系，应用被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用was。故填was included。
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7.which 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导定语从句。
8.actively 考查词形转换。空处修饰动词start，应用副词作状语。故填actively。
9.traditional 考查词形转换。空处修饰名词technique作定语，应用形容词，故填traditional。
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10.for 考查介词。句意：从法国归来的金岳品建立了一个稻鱼养殖示范基地，并凭借其天然品质和环境价值，帮助稻米和鱼类均获得了国家“绿色食品”认证。空处表“因为”，应用介词for。
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