浙江省余姚中学2024-2025学年高二下学期3月月考英语试题
1．（2025高二下·余姚月考）Where are the speakers
A．In a car. B．At home. C．At a café.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【原文】W: I'm a bit cold. Could you wind up the window
M: Sure. I'll turn the heat up too.
W: When will we arrive home
M: About 25 minutes. I'll pull up at a coffee shop to get you a cup of hot coffee.
【分析】问题：两位发言人在哪里？根据"I'll pull up at a coffee shop to get you a cup of hot coffee."我先靠边停咖啡店给你买杯热咖啡。可知，两位发言人在车里。故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意：注意预测话题内容，在开始听录音前，快速浏览题目和选项，对可能出现的话题内容进行预测。这样可以在听录音时更有针对性地捕捉关键信息，提高解题效率。注意抓住关键词汇，在听录音时，注意抓住关键词汇，特别是与题目和选项相关的词汇。这些词汇往往能帮助我们理解对话的核心内容，从而更容易找到正确答案。
2．（2025高二下·余姚月考）What is probably the woman
A．A cook. B．A waitress. C．A baker.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【原文】M: I'd like two eggs and a piece of toast.
W: How would you like your eggs cooked Over-easy, over-medium or over-hard then
M: Over-medium. Plus, I'd like the whole wheat toast.
W: OK. I'll make a note of your order.
【分析】问题：女发言人可能是什么身份？根据"OK. I'll make a note of your order."好的，已记下您的点单。可知，女发言人可能是一位女服务员。故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意：注意语气和语调，语气和语调可以传达说话者的情感和态度，有助于我们更好地理解对话的言外之意。在听录音时，要注意捕捉说话者的语气和语调变化，从而更全面地理解对话内容。
3．（2025高二下·余姚月考）Why is the woman worried
A．She isn't prepared for a picnic.
B．She cares about the man's safety.
C．She can't avoid dangerous animals.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【原文】M: If a pack of wild dogs were attacking me, I would use the long stick to protect myself.
W: It's going to be different this time. The wild forest isn't like any picnic spots or parks.
M: Mom, you may rest assured that I'll be all right.
【分析】问题：为什么女发言人着急？根据"If a pack of wild dogs were attacking me, I would use the long stick to protect myself."如果遇到野狗群攻击，我会用长棍自卫。；以及"It's going to be different this time. The wild forest isn't like any picnic spots or parks."这次可不一样。荒野丛林可不是什么野餐公园。可知，女发言人着急是因为她担心男发言人的安全。故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意：注意理解言外之意，有时，对话中的言外之意比字面意思更重要。因此，在听录音时，要注意理解说话者的隐含意图和言外之意，以便更准确地回答问题。
4．（2025高二下·余姚月考）What is the woman doing
A．Interviewing a candidate.
B．Assigning a copying task.
C．Conducting a financial test.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【原文】W: We need an accountant in our Finance Department. Can you use a copier and write reports
M: Yes, I can do all these kinds of work.
W: Okay. Please fill in this form and you will receive the result in 3 days.
M: Thank you very much.
【分析】问题：女发言人正在做什么？根据"We need an accountant in our Finance Department. Can you use a copier and write reports "我们财务部需要一名会计。你会使用复印机和撰写报告吗？；以及"Okay. Please fill in this form and you will receive the result in 3 days."好的，请填写这份表格，三个工作日内会告知您结果。可知，女发言人正在面试一位应聘者。故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意：注意理解对话逻辑，听力短对话通常具有一定的逻辑结构，考生需要通过理解对话的逻辑来把握整体内容。要注意对话者之间的关系、对话的目的和背景等信息，以便更好地理解对话内容。
5．（2025高二下·余姚月考）What are the speakers mainly talking about
A．The differences among languages.
B．The relation between languages and minds.
C．The debate about the origins of German and Dutch.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【原文】W: The claim that our language affects our thinking has been debated for decades.
M: Yes. Some say they're more grounded when speaking German. Some say they feel more determined when speaking Dutch because they just get straight to the point.
W: True.
【分析】问题：两位发言人主要在谈论什么？根据"The claim that our language affects our thinking has been debated for decades."关于语言影响思维的论断已争论数十年。可知，两位发言人主要在谈论语言和思维之间的关系。故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意：注意理解主旨大意，听力短对话通常会有一个明确的主旨或中心思想。在听力过程中，要时刻关注对话的开头和结尾部分，这些地方往往隐藏着对话的主旨大意。同时，通过对话中的关键词汇和语境，你也可以推断出对话的主题和要点。
（2025高二下·余姚月考）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What happened to the woman
A．Her arm was burned.
B．Her arm was dislocated.
C．Her arm wound was infected.
7．What will the man probably do for the woman
A．Apply ice to cool her arm.
B．Call the emergency services.
C．Cover her arm with a clean plastic bag.
【答案】6．A
7．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【原文】W: Ouch! That hurt!
M: Charlotte, are you okay Stay away from the fire first. I'll turn off the oven. Just keep your arm under the cool water for at least ten minutes. It will reduce pain, swelling and the risk of scarring. Don't apply ice. It can lower body temperature and cause further pain and damage.
W: Anything else I should do
M: You can remove clothing that is near the burn but not stuck to it. I'll cover it with cling film or a plastic bag. This helps prevent infection by keeping the area clean. If the burn appears serious one hour later, you need to call an ambulance.
【分析】本段长对话主要围绕男发言人帮助女发言人应急处理烧伤展开交谈。
【点评】考查长对话理解。注意：注意抓住关键信息，在听录音时，要注意抓住关键信息，如人名、地名、数字、时间等。这些信息往往是回答问题的关键所在，考生需要特别留意。同时，还要注意对话中的重点句子和段落，它们通常包含了对话的核心内容。注意理解对话逻辑，听力长对话通常具有一定的逻辑结构，考生需要通过理解对话的逻辑来把握整体内容。要注意对话者之间的关系、对话的目的和背景等信息，以便更好地理解对话内容。
6．问题：女发言人发生了什么事情？根据" Just keep your arm under the cool water for at least ten minutes."把胳膊放在冷水下冲至少十分钟。可知，女发言人的胳膊被烧伤了。故选A。
7．问题：男发言人可能会为女发言人做什么？根据"I'll cover it with cling film or a plastic bag."我用保鲜膜或塑料袋帮你盖住伤口。可知，男发言人将用保鲜膜或塑料袋帮女发言人盖住伤口。故选C。
（2025高二下·余姚月考）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What did Simon do in both Argentina and South Korea
A．Work as a volunteer. B．Continue his study C．Teach a language.
9．What is the probable relationship between Simon and Sally
A．Friends. B．Husband and wife. C．Teacher and student.
【答案】8．C
9．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【原文】W: Simon, can you tell me a little bit about where you've been to
M: I've been to France and Argentina, and I recently returned from South Korea.
W: Cool. What were you doing in France
M: I was studying as an exchange student in France. After graduation, I went to Argentina, where I worked two jobs at the same time. I worked at a volunteer organization and taught English in a primary school. One year later, I went to South Korea where I also taught English.
W: Have you ever experienced culture shock
M: Of course. But I adapted to new surroundings quickly. When in Rome, do as the Romans do. Most importantly, I met the most important person Sally in my life. We had a honeymoon in South Korea.
【分析】本段长对话主要围绕西蒙在国外的生活经历展开交谈。
【点评】考查长对话理解。注意：注意边听边做笔记，在听录音时，考生可以尝试边听边做笔记，记录关键信息和重要细节。这有助于考生在回答问题时迅速回忆起相关信息，避免遗漏或混淆。做笔记时，要简洁明了，重点突出，避免记录过多无关信息。注意识别重复和强调，在对话中，重复和强调往往是对话者想要传达的重要信息。考生要注意识别这些表达方式，并重点关注这些信息。同时，也要注意对话者的语气和语调变化，它们也可以帮助考生识别重要信息。
8．问题：西蒙在阿根廷和韩国分别做了什么？根据"After graduation, I went to Argentina, where I worked two jobs at the same time. I worked at a volunteer organization and taught English in a primary school. One year later, I went to South Korea where I also taught English."毕业后去了阿根廷，同时打两份工——既在志愿者机构工作，又在小学教英语。一年后去了韩国，也是教英语。可知，西蒙在阿根廷和韩国教英语。故选C。
9．问题：西蒙与莎莉很可能是什么关系？根据"Most importantly, I met the most important person Sally in my life. We had a honeymoon in South Korea."最重要的是，我在韩国遇到了人生中最重要的人莎莉，我们的蜜月就是在韩国度的。可知，西蒙与莎莉很可能是夫妻关系。故选B。
（2025高二下·余姚月考）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10．How did the woman know about the research
A．From a magazine. B．From her grandmother. C．From a TV program.
11．How old is the woman now
A．In her forties. B．In her fifties. C．In her eighties.
12．What does the man think of Jack
A．He always keeps his promise.
B．He is good at playing badminton.
C．He pays much attention to exercise.
13．When will the speakers play badminton
A．This Friday. B．This Saturday. C．Next Monday.
【答案】10．A
11．A
12．C
13．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【原文】W: Do you like doing exercise I read an article in a health journal last Friday. It makes me understand why my grandma insists on taking a walk every day even in her eighties.
M: What did it say
W: Research shows that the number of people over 50 with Alzheimer's disease is on the rise. Moderate exercise several times a week is one of the best ways to avoid that disease. However, I spend a lot of time watching TV on the sofa.
M: You still have a decade to go before you turn 55. Taking exercise at any age is worthwhile. It can clear your mind and reduce memory loss. My friend Jack sets a good example for me.
W: That makes sense. What about playing badminton this weekend
M: It sounds great. But don't forget it's Children's Day this Saturday. You have to keep your promise to Jane. I heard you talk to her in the bedroom yesterday. Why not put it off till next Monday
W: It's a deal.
【分析】本段长对话主要围绕锻炼的益处这一话题展开交谈。
【点评】考查长对话理解。注意：注意理解对话逻辑，听力长对话通常具有一定的逻辑结构，考生需要通过理解对话的逻辑来把握整体内容。要注意对话者之间的关系、对话的目的和背景等信息，以便更好地理解对话内容。注意排除干扰选项，在听力长对话中，干扰选项是常见的。考生要学会根据对话内容和题目要求排除这些干扰项，以便更准确地找到正确答案。在排除干扰项时，要注意对比各选项之间的差异和联系，找出与对话内容最符合的选项。
10．问题：女发言人是如何得知这项研究的？根据"I read an article in a health journal last Friday."上周五我在健康期刊上读到一篇文章。可知，女发言人是在健康期刊上读到这项研究的。故选A。
11．问题：女发言人现在多大年龄？根据"You still have a decade to go before you turn 55. "你离55岁还有十年呢。可知，女发言人现在45岁，因此她是四十岁的年龄段。故选A。
12．问题：男发言人对杰克的看法如何？根据"Taking exercise at any age is worthwhile. It can clear your mind and reduce memory loss. My friend Jack sets a good example for me."任何时候开始运动都不晚，既能清醒头脑，还能减缓记忆力衰退。我朋友杰克就是我的榜样。可知，杰克经常锻炼。故选C。
13．问题：两位发言人何时打羽毛球？根据" Why not put it off till next Monday "要不改到下周一？；以及"It's a deal."成交。可知，两位发言人将于下周一打羽毛球。故选C。
（2025高二下·余姚月考）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14．What did the man do last week
A．He got some guidance.
B．He visited a firefighter.
C．He made a plan.
15．How many suggestions has the man given to the woman
A．One. B．Two. C．Three.
16．What problem does Frank have
A．He isn't good at singing.
B．He is afraid of performing in public.
C．He can't do well in organizing activities.
17．What are the speakers discussing
A．How to choose the right career.
B．How to take a career test.
C．How to achieve work-life balance.
【答案】14．A
15．B
16．B
17．A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【原文】M: Claire, when you were little, were you asked the question: What do you want to be when you grow older
W: Yeah, I often said I'd like to be an astronaut or a firefighter. It's time to make the decision in my late teens, or young adult years. But I found that it would be extremely hard to find the answer. I wonder if someone could give me some tips. That would be better.
M: I took a career development course last week. Here are several tips that can help you find your ideal career path.
W: So what is the first tip
M: Make a list of your hobbies. To enjoy what you do most of the day, it's essential to find a job that you love. The second is to find what you're good at. What you enjoy and what you're good at can be two very different things.
W: That's true. My mom loves dancing, but she does a great job of organizing activities.
M: Yes. My friend Frank is a gifted singer, but he is too shy. He feels anxious in front of people. It seems that he doesn't enjoy the onstage performance.
W: I see. Thank you for your help, Joseph.
【分析】本段长对话主要围绕职业规划展开交谈。
【点评】考查长对话理解。注意：注意抓住首尾主旨句，长对话的开头和结尾往往包含了对全文的概括或总结，是理解主旨大意的重要线索。特别注意这些部分中的关键句，它们往往能直接回答主旨大意类的问题。首尾主旨句也有助于你建立对全文的整体框架和逻辑关系的认识。注意理解细节与逻辑，听力材料中的细节信息是构建完整故事或论述的基础。在听的过程中，保持对细节的敏感度，同时理解它们之间的逻辑关系，如因果关系、转折关系等，有助于更准确地把握文章内容和回答细节类问题。
14．问题：男发言人上周做了什么？根据"I took a career development course last week. Here are several tips that can help you find your ideal career path."我上周学了职业规划课，倒是有几个方法能帮你找到方向。可知，男发言人上周得到了关于职业规划的指导。故选A。
15．问题：男发言人向女发言人提了几条建议？根据"So what is the first tip "第一条是什么？；以及"The second is to find what you're good at."第二是发现你擅长的事。可知，男发言人向女发言人提了两条建议。故选B。
16．问题：弗兰克遇到了什么问题？根据"Yes. My friend Frank is a gifted singer, but he is too shy. He feels anxious in front of people. It seems that he doesn't enjoy the onstage performance."没错。我朋友弗兰克唱歌天赋异禀，却因性格腼腆，一站上舞台就紧张，显然并不享受表演。可知，弗兰克在舞台上表演会紧张。故选B。
17．问题：两位发言人在讨论什么？根据"Claire, when you were little, were you asked the question: What do you want to be when you grow older "克莱尔，你小时候被问过"长大想做什么"这个问题吗？可知，两位发言人在讨论职业规划。故选A。
（2025高二下·余姚月考）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18．Why do killer whales attack boats according to the speaker
A．To protect themselves.
B．To have some pleasure.
C．To get things from boats.
19．What happened on Sunday evening off the coast of Southern California
A．A boat was missing.
B．A shark got injured.
C．A shark attacked a surfer.
20．Which country ranks third in terms of shark encounters in the talk
A．The USA. B．South Africa. C．Australia.
【答案】18．B
19．C
20．B
【知识点】独白
【解析】【原文】You must have heard of sea animals' attacks. Do you know why those killer whales may attack boats off Spain and Portugal It's likely that the young killer whales simply play for fun in the high seas. The ocean is a very boring place for an animal, one of the researchers told USA Today. These whales are like teenagers with too much time on their hands. Similar to young people, those killer whales also follow the fashion and want to do what their friends do. In the late 1980s, whales were said to carry dead salmon around on their heads because others were doing it. Whale expert Naomi Rose calls it a sign of intelligence. It's a very sophisticated thing to do something for no purpose other than that it amuses you. Off the coast of Southern California, a shark aggressively bumped a surfer off his board. It happened on Sunday evening in the waters. The surfer was in panic but was not injured. He made it to the shore and told the lifeguards without delay that he saw a large object coming towards him. The shark encounter happened not only in the USA, but also in other countries. Australia and South Africa come in at number two and three, respectively.
【分析】本段独白主要介绍了海洋动物袭击事件。
【点评】考查独白理解。注意：注意听后连贯记忆检查，完成所有题目后，利用短暂的时间进行连贯记忆检查。回顾听力内容的主要框架和关键信息点，确保你的理解和答案是连贯且一致的。这有助于发现并纠正可能的错误或遗漏。注意边听边记要点，由于独白内容连贯且信息量大，仅凭记忆难以全面把握。因此，边听边记要点成为一项重要的解题技巧。可以使用简写、符号或图形等方式快速记录关键信息，如数字、时间、人名、地名以及表示因果、转折等关系的词汇。这有助于你在听后迅速回顾并整理信息。注意整体理解内容，不要试图逐字逐句地理解独白内容，而是要努力把握整体结构和主旨大意。通过捕捉关键信息点和逻辑关系，将听到的信息串联起来，形成对独白的整体理解。这有助于你更准确地回答问题，特别是那些需要综合判断和信息整合的题目。
18．问题：据发言人所述，虎鲸为何袭击船只？根据"It's likely that the young killer whales simply play for fun in the high seas."这些年轻的虎鲸很可能只是把公海当成了游乐场。可知，据发言人所述，虎鲸袭击船只可能只是为了取乐。故选B。
19．问题：周日傍晚南加州海岸发生了何事？根据"Off the coast of Southern California, a shark aggressively bumped a surfer off his board."而在南加州海岸，周日傍晚时分，一条鲨鱼凶狠地将冲浪者撞下冲浪板。可知，在南加州海岸的周日傍晚，一条鲨鱼凶狠地将冲浪者撞下冲浪板。故选C。
20．问题：在本次谈话中，哪个国家位列鲨鱼遭遇事件的第三位？ 根据"Australia and South Africa come in at number two and three, respectively." 澳大利亚和南非分别位列第二、三位。可知，在本次讨论中，南非位列鲨鱼遭遇事件的第三位。故选B。
（2025高二下·余姚月考）Fixing the Climate: Strategies for an Uncertain World
By Charles F. Sabel
The climate crisis poses a problem of global action that governments have sought to address through high-level international negotiations. There are arrangements, such as the 2015 Paris Agreement, reductions in emissions and comprehensive plans for meeting those targets. The author argues that these strategies are failing because they provide inadequate opportunities for experimentation. Since the route to successful emissions reduction is uncertain, experimentation, which inspires the emergence of new technologies and approaches is essential.
Social Media, Freedom of Speech, and the Future of Our Democracy
By Lee C. Bollinger
The evolution of social media threatens the freedoms of speech. The author concludes that First Amendment Law(第一修正案) can adapt to this new technology as it has to new media in the past. Hate speech and false and misleading information may be legally protected, but placing limitations on the algorithms( 算 法) and artificial intelligence(AI) used to spread such speech would be beneficial and acceptable. In the author's view, such social platforms controlled by a few companies pose "extraordinary risks" to democracy and a responsible reform in relevant laws, the author concludes, is both possible and necessary.
The Great War and the Birth of Modern Medicine
By Thomas Helling
It is one of the paradoxes of war that the enormous efforts put into harming people often give rise to medical breakthroughs and great progress in the treatment of the wounded. This valuable and thoroughly interesting study, informed by the author's own experience of military surgery, contributes to the history of both World War I and modern medicine. It was not just new techniques that made the difference but also new medical facilities that were moved closer to the frontlines so that soldiers could be treated as quickly as possible.
21．According to Charles Sabel, why do the strategies to deal with climate crisis fail
A．The crisis of climate is a global problem.
B．The solution to reducing emissions is uncertain.
C．The strategies don't allow of enough experimentation.
D．The governments show inadequate commitment to the strategies.
22．What does Lee C. Bollinger advocate doing in his book
A．Adapting laws to limit the spread of harmful information.
B．Pushing the evolution of social media to remove the threat.
C．Putting a ban on the hate speech and misleading information.
D．Replacing the algorithms and AI used to protect online speech.
23．Which of the following may Thomas Helling agree with
A．Every coin has two sides.
B．A good medicine tastes bitter.
C．Time and tide wait for no man.
D．False friends are worse than bitter enemies.
【答案】21．C
22．A
23．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；日常生活类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是关于应对气候危机、社交网络言论自由及战争对现代医学影响的不同观点与策略。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和推理判断题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。
21．细节理解题。根据第一部分"The author argues that these strategies are failing because they provide inadequate opportunities for experimentation.(作者认为这些策略之所以失败，是因为它们没有提供足够的实验机会)"可知，作者认为应对气候危机的策略失败的原因是缺乏足够的实验机会。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据第二部分"Hate speech and false and misleading information may be legally protected, but placing limitations on the algorithms( 算 法) and artificial intelligence(AI) used to spread such speech would be beneficial and acceptable.(仇恨言论和虚假误导信息可能受到法律保护，但对用于传播此类言论的算法和人工智能进行限制将是有益且可接受的)"可知，作者主张通过法律限制有害信息的传播。故选A。
23．推理判断题。根据第三部分"It is one of the paradoxes of war that the enormous efforts put into harming people often give rise to medical breakthroughs and great progress in the treatment of the wounded.(战争的一个悖论是，投入大量精力伤害他人的同时，往往也会带来医学上的突破和伤员治疗方面的巨大进步。）可知，作者认为战争具有两面性，既有破坏性，也有推动医学进步的积极一面。故选A。
（2025高二下·余姚月考）The World Health Organization (WHO) has warned that children, pregnant women and people with weak immune systems suffer the most from the mpox (猴痘) outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).
Reports confirm that children under five account for 39% of all cases in the country, and babies as young as two weeks are being diagnosed with this viral illness.
Why is the DRC outbreak affecting children so badly Because of conflict, political instability and insecurity, large parts of the DRC have not had stable, consistent, sustained health responses or health prevention. As a result, it's hard to control infectious diseases like mpox.
In addition, children in any outbreak setting are already vulnerable given their immature and still-developing immune systems, especially under the age of five. Besides all the above factors, living in a country where mpox is consistently present, exposure through contact with animals, which is a more common means of mpox transmission, and not having the benefit of a vaccine also contribute to the problem.
To protect the vulnerable from the mpox outbreak, children must be specifically targeted. This is because they are a primary population of concern that can develop severe and fatal disease. The health system and healthcare workers must make it as easy as possible to get parents or caregivers to bring children in. This includes addressing the inconveniences of leaving their communities to seek care.
Another factor which might prevent the infected from getting the care they should have is the stigma connected to mpox. The symptoms of mpox are quite noticeable and unfortunately draw negative attention and treatment by society and health workers, which makes parents and caregivers hesitant to seek care. The media, including international media, have been feeding into this – especially for African people with mpox — and it needs to stop.
Finally, a vaccination program focused on the young needs to be rolled out to stem transmission. But there still exist major challenges.
24．Which of the following isn't a factor that puts children in DRC at risk
A．Lack of healthcare. B．Regular exposure to animals.
C．The large population of children. D．Relatively weak immune system.
25．The underlined word can be replaced by ________.
A．challenge B．discrimination C．after-effect D．severity
26．What is the author's attitude towards the media's reports on mpox
A．Critical. B．Conservative C．Ambiguous. D．Supportive.
27．Which of the following might be a proper title of this passage
A．Why Are Infectious Diseases So Hard to Control in Africa
B．More Attention Needs to Be Paid to the Prevention of Mpox.
C．Children in the DRC Are at Greater Risk From the Mpox Outbreak.
D．Measures Are Needed to Bring Infectious Diseases Under Control.
【答案】24．C
25．B
26．A
27．C
【知识点】词义猜测题；观点态度题；说明文；医疗保健类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了刚果民主共和国（DRC）猴痘疫情对儿童、孕妇和免疫系统较弱人群的影响，并分析了导致儿童易感的原因，提出了应对措施。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，词义猜测题，态度观点题和标题选择题四种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。做观点态度题时，掌握态度词汇，态度词汇是表达作者情感倾向和观点的重要工具。考生应掌握一些常见的态度词汇，如表示赞同的"approve"、"support"，表示反对的"oppose"、"criticize"，表示中立的"neutral"、"objective"等。在阅读文章时，注意这些词汇的出现，有助于快速判断作者的观点态度。寻找关键词和修饰语，关键词和修饰语是文章中表达作者观点和态度的重要线索。考生应重点关注那些与主题相关的动词、形容词和副词，以及它们所修饰的名词或句子。这些关键词和修饰语往往能够揭示作者的情感倾向和立场。推理作者意图，在阅读过程中，考生应善于从字里行间捕捉作者的意图。通过分析文章的叙述方式、论据的组织和论证的方法等，可以推断出作者的观点和态度。同时，要注意作者使用的修辞手法和语气，这些也是判断作者意图的重要依据。注意上下文逻辑关系。上下文逻辑关系是理解作者观点和态度的重要依据。考生应关注文章中句子之间、段落之间的逻辑关系，如因果、条件、对比等。通过分析这些逻辑关系，可以更好地理解作者的意图和观点。做标题选择题时，注意关注首尾句，首尾句往往包含段落或文章的核心信息，是判断标题是否准确的重要依据。利用关键词，文章中的关键词汇、短语或句子往往与标题有紧密联系，可以通过关键词汇的匹配来缩小选择范围。语境理解，理解文章的整体语境和作者的态度倾向，有助于准确把握文章的主旨和标题的选择方向。
24．细节理解题。根据第三段"Because of conflict, political instability and insecurity, large parts of the DRC have not had stable, consistent, sustained health responses or health prevention.(由于冲突、政治不稳定和不安全，刚果民主共和国大部分地区没有稳定、持续的健康应对措施或预防措施)"可知，选项A"缺乏医疗保健"是导致儿童易感的原因；根据第四段"exposure through contact with animals, which is a more common means of mpox transmission(通过与动物接触暴露，这是猴痘传播的常见途径)"可知，选项B"经常接触动物"是原因之一；根据第四段"In addition,children in any outbreak setting are already vulnerable given their immature and still-developing immune systems(此外，在任何疫情暴发环境中，儿童由于其免疫系统不成熟且仍在发育中，已经处于弱势)"可知，选项D"相对较弱的免疫系统"也是原因之一。而选项C"儿童人口众多"并未在文中提及，故选C。
25．词义猜测题。根据第六段"The symptoms of mpox are quite noticeable and unfortunately draw negative attention and treatment by society and health workers, which makes parents and caregivers hesitant to seek care.(猴痘的症状非常明显，不幸的是，这引起了社会和医务人员的负面关注和对待，这使得父母和照顾者犹豫是否寻求治疗)"可知，另一个可能阻止感染者得到他们应该得到的治疗的因素是与痘有关的歧视。所以划线词为"歧视"的意思。故选B。
26．态度观点题。根据第六段"The media, including international media, have been feeding into this- especially for African people with mpox – and it needs to stop.(包括国际媒体在内的媒体一直在助长这种情况——尤其是对患有猴痘的非洲人——这需要停止)"可知，作者对媒体的报道持批评态度。故选A。
27．标题选择题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了刚果民主共和国（DRC）猴痘疫情对儿童、孕妇和免疫系统较弱人群的影响，并分析了导致儿童易感的原因，提出了应对措施。故短文的标题为"刚果民主共和国儿童面临麻疹爆发的更大风险"。故选C。
（2025高二下·余姚月考）Cheese could be healthier in the future now that microbiologists in Brazil have discovered three novel strains of probiotic bacteria (益生菌) in samples of traditional cheeses.
Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when eaten in food, may remain in the gut (肠道). People who have lots of — and lots of different types of — probiotic bacteria and yeasts in their gut are thought to have healthy microbiomes, i.e., microbial communities.
A healthy gut microbiome is associated with good mental health, a strong immune system, regular gut movements and a lowered risk of many diseases and chronic conditions. Many so-called health foods are probiotic, including kombucha, miso, sauerkraut, kefir, Greek yogurt and other fermented (发酵的) or pickled (腌制的) foods.
Food scientist Cristian Mauricio, the first author of the study, said in a statement that these three strains were selected because they were believed "to have the best fermentative, enzymatic (酶) properties," according to previous research conducted at the Food Technology Institute.
He explained that the scientists then studied how the cheeses changed over 45 days of ripening and they found that none of the three strains significantly affected the composition of the cheese, in terms of fatty acid and protein profiles, which were confirmed to be safe for human consumption and probiotic. Furthermore, the bacteria seemed to inhibit the growth of disease-promoting microorganisms.
"This kind of microorganism is easy to produce industrially," Barreto continued. "Research along these lines is relevant to the needs of the cheese industry, which has significant growth potential"
Barreto said that, while large companies had the microbial culture technology to supply probiotics to Brazil, smaller companies would benefit from being able to produce these probiotics themselves so their traditional products could compete on the market. However, more researches are required before they can be used commercially.
28．What do paragraph 2 and paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．The previous knowledge about probiotics.
B．The working principle of microorganisms.
C．The process of cultivating probiotic bacteria.
D．The organization of human's immune system.
29．How did Cristian Mauricio determine the research subject of this study
A．He consulted famous food scientists.
B．He studied some traditional healthy food.
C．He referred to the results of former researches.
D．He analyzed a number of different strains of bacteria.
30．What was the finding of the research
A．The bacteria accelerated the ripening process of cheese.
B．The bacteria changed the composition of cheese for the better.
C．The bacteria had a potential to transform fatty acid into protein.
D．The bacteria could inhibit the breeding of some harmful microorganisms.
31．What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs
A．The overall market of cheese will remain the same.
B．Cristian Mauricio will do more researches on probiotics.
C．The bacteria studied in this research will be put into the market soon.
D．Small companies will face greater challenges to survive in the future.
【答案】28．A
29．C
30．D
31．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；说明文；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了巴西的微生物学家在传统奶酪样品中发现了三种新的益生菌菌株，这样未来的奶酪可能会更健康。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和段落大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做段落大意题时，注意确定主题句，主题句是段落中表达主要观点或思想的句子，通常位于段落的开头或结尾，偶尔也会出现在段落中间。由于主题句往往出现在段落的首尾，因此仔细阅读段落的首尾句是快速把握段落大意的有效方法。段落中的转折词和总结性语言常用来引入新的观点或总结段落内容，对理解段落大意至关重要。在理解段落信息的基础上，用简洁的语言概括段落的主要内容。
28．段落大意题。根据第二段"Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when eaten in food, may remain in the gut (肠道). People who have lots of — and lots of different types of — probiotic bacteria and yeasts in their gut are thought to have healthy microbiomes, i.e., microbial communities.(益生菌是活的微生物，在食物中食用时，可能会留在肠道中。肠道中有很多不同类型的益生菌和酵母菌的人被认为拥有健康的微生物群，即微生物群落)"以及第三段"A healthy gut microbiome is associated with good mental health, a strong immune system, regular gut movements and a lowered risk of many diseases and chronic conditions. Many so-called health foods are probiotic, including kombucha, miso, sauerkraut, kefir, Greek yogurt and other fermented (发酵的) or pickled (腌制的) foods.(健康的肠道微生物群与良好的心理健康、强大的免疫系统、规律的肠道运动以及患许多疾病和慢性疾病的风险降低有关。许多所谓的健康食品都是益生菌，包括康普茶、味噌、酸菜、开菲尔、希腊酸奶和其他发酵或腌制食品)"可知，这两段主要探讨的是目前人们已知的关于益生菌的知识。故选A。
29．细节理解题。根据第四段"Food scientist Cristian Mauricio, the first author of the study, said in a statement that these three strains were selected because they were believed "to have the best fermentative, enzymatic (酶) properties," according to previous research conducted at the Food Technology Institute.(该研究的第一作者、食品科学家克里斯蒂安·毛里西奥在一份声明中说，选择这三种菌株，是因为根据食品技术研究所之前的研究，人们认为它们‘具有最佳的发酵和酶促特性')"可知，Cristian Mauricio选择三种菌种作为研究对象是依据之前的研究结果，即Cristian Mauricio依据之前的研究结果来确定这项研究的研究对象。故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段"Furthermore, the bacteria seemed to inhibit the growth of disease-promoting microorganisms.(此外，这种细菌似乎还能抑制致病微生物的生长)"可知，这种益生菌还有抑制致病菌繁殖的能力。故选D。
31．推理判断题。根据最后一段"However, more researches are required before they can be used commercially.(然而，在商业化应用之前，还需要进行更多的研究)"可知，Cristian Mauricio会在益生菌方面做更多的研究。故选B。
（2025高二下·余姚月考）A group of scientists, including people from the Royal Society of Chemistry, recently proposed that experiences such as licking (舔舐) an ice lolly (冰棍) should be part of the science class. By licking a lolly and seeing how it melts – the idea goes – children would better learn about melting, and therefore about chemistry and physics.
But simply licking a lolly, or experiences such as kneading dough, playing with shadows actually doesn't help students to learn science. Using examples and demonstrations in the classroom can be a helpful approach towards deeper understanding, but it's not a shortcut to knowledge.
The idea of learning through experiences has a long history. It's perhaps most closely associated with the work of educator John Dewey in the early 20th century. Dewey and other educators of the time were concerned that an emphasis on rote (死记硬背) learning would lead to "inert (惰性的) knowledge": facts that students wouldn't be able to apply to the real world.
An experience like licking a lolly may at least be memorable – especially if you'd never done it before.
However, there is a difference between having memories for events and having knowledge. For example, between having personally lived through the French Revolution and knowing what happened including its origin and effects, the latter involves a different type of memories – structured memories. These are based on understanding how things work and what they mean. It is the type of memory that is at play when you use a word such as "heavy", unconnected to a specific heavy object. Such understandings are essential to both scientific learning and our use of language.
If you stop to think about it, most of your knowledge can't be clearly tied to one particular experience.
Learning is usually not a one-shot process – think of how much experience a gardener needs before they "know" how plants grow and thrive. These semantic memories derive from a combination of lots of experiences, and sometimes, from comparing and contrasting different things: the difference between two types of plants, or between an ice lolly and an ice cream. Understanding science or anything else is not just about remembering experiences.
To profit most from first-hand experience, learners need sufficient prior knowledge to understand what is happening when they observe something in class. If we want students to build up their knowledge of science and be able to use it in future, it's vital that the focus is on strategies that helped them to transform what they observe into structured knowledge.
32．What does the author think of learning physics through licking an ice lolly
A．Ineffective B．Innovative C．Impressive D．Informative
33．What does the writer think might be the theoretical basis of learning through experience
A．An educator's work published in the 20th century
B．The practical experience of a number of teachers
C．Examples and demonstrations collected from schools
D．Works and researches done in the history
34．What does the author want to convey by mentioning the French Revolution
A．Understanding how things work is the key to learning.
B．Experiential memories doesn't necessarily lead to knowledge.
C．Learning different things requires different types of memories.
D．Learning from historical events is different from licking an ice lolly.
35．Which of the following is the main idea of the passage
A．Licking an ice lolly has become a popular way to learn science.
B．Experience relies on certain conditions to benefit science learning.
C．Science learning is becoming increasingly popular among pupils.
D．Knowledge and experience are both important in science learning.
【答案】32．A
33．A
34．B
35．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；学习教育类；议论文；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了通过体验学习科学的有效性，强调体验需结合结构化知识才能真正促进科学学习。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
32．细节理解题。由第二段中"But simply licking a lolly, or experiences such as kneading dough, playing with shadows actually doesn't help students to learn science. (然而，仅仅舔冰棍，或像揉面团、玩影子这样的体验，实际上并不能帮助学生学习科学知识。)"可知，作者认为仅仅通过舔冰棍或揉面团、玩影子等体验并不能帮助学生学习科学，因此作者认为这种方式是无效的。故选A。
33．细节理解题。由第三段中"The idea of learning through experiences has a long history. It's perhaps most closely associated with the work of educator John Dewey in the early 20th century. (通过实践经验来学习的理念有着悠久的历史。它或许与 20 世纪初教育家John Dewey的研究成果最为紧密相关。)"可知，作者认为通过体验学习的理论基础可能是20世纪一位教育家的著作。故选A。
34．推理判断题。由第五段中"However, there is a difference between having memories for events and having knowledge. For example, between having personally lived through the French Revolution and knowing what happened including its origin and effects, the latter involves a different type of memories – structured memories. (然而，拥有事件记忆和拥有知识之间存在差异。例如，亲身经历过法国大革命与了解法国大革命的发生过程及其起源和影响，后者涉及不同类型的记忆——结构化记忆。)"可知，作者提到法国大革命是为了说明对事件的记忆和拥有知识之间存在差异。因此，作者想要传达的是体验性记忆并不一定能导致知识的获得。故选B。
35．主旨大意题。根据第二段中"But simply licking a lolly, or experiences such as kneading dough, playing with shadows actually doesn't help students to learn science. (然而，仅仅舔冰棍，或像揉面团、玩影子这样的体验，实际上并不能帮助学生学习科学知识。)"和最后一段"If we want students to build up their knowledge of science and be able to use it in future, it's vital that the focus is on strategies that helped them to transform what they observe into structured knowledge. (如果我们想让学生积累科学知识并能在未来运用它，那么关键在于采用有助于他们将所观察到的事物转化为结构化知识的策略。)"可知，文章主要讨论了通过体验学习科学的效果和条件，指出仅仅通过体验并不能直接帮助学生学习科学，而需要将观察到的转化为结构化知识。因此，文章的主旨大意是：体验需要依靠一定的条件才能有益于科学学习。故选B。
（2025高二下·余姚月考）Across an average lifetime, we spend roughly eighty-two days brushing our teeth. It's an important step in our daily routine. 36． Newsweek spoke to Dr. Smita Mehra, principal dentist at The Neem Tree Dental Practices, to find out what mistakes many of us are making when it comes to brushing our teeth and what we should be doing instead.
Mistake 1: Using whitening toothpaste every day
While whitening toothpastes are generally safe to use, using them every day or at high levels may have the potential to cause damage. This is because the peroxide (过氧化氢) content in some whitening gels and toothpastes has the potential to cause ulcers (溃疡) if used in high quantities." If you want to use a whitening toothpaste, seek professional advice from dentists. 37．
Mistake 2: 38．
How many of you eat your breakfast then immediately go to the bathroom to brush your teeth Actually, dentists recommend that you wait about an hour before brushing your teeth after eating. This is because brushing your teeth right after eating these foods can actually damage your enamel (牙釉质) especially when you eat food that is acid. You are essentially brushing acid in your mouth all over your teeth. Allowing time between brushing and consuming foods allows the saliva in your mouth to wash away any acid.
Mistake 3: Brushing your teeth too hard
39． But actually brushing too hard can contribute to worn enamel, which may contribute to sensitivity and gum (牙龈) disease in the long run. The best way to brush your teeth to guarantee maximum cleaning and little damage is to brush gently but thoroughly, using a soft brush. Pressure isn't the only thing you need to consider when brushing your teeth.
Mistake 4: Skipping your bedtime brush
While official guidelines recommend brushing your teeth twice a day, many of us consider the morning brush to be the priority. But while your morning breath might feel worse, brushing your teeth before bed is even more important. Never forget to brush before bedtime. 40． In addition, while you sleep, the washing action of your mouth i.e., your saliva also reduces, and therefore not much cleaning happens naturally.
A. Brushing your teeth after eating acid food.
B. Brushing your teeth immediately after eating
C. They will direct you on how often you should be using whitening toothpaste.
D. Roughly 37 million Americans spend billions of dollars every year on tooth care.
E. However, many of us are doing it wrong without noticing the potential damage it might cause.
F. That is the time when all of your dinner goes bad in your mouth and bacteria are having a field day.
G. Many people assume that by applying more pressure to the teeth, you are getting rid of more bacteria.
【答案】36．E；37．C；38．B；39．G；40．F
【知识点】说明文；七选五；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了关于刷牙的一些常见误区。备选项的中文意思： A. 进食酸性食物后刷牙。B. 餐后立即刷牙。C. 牙医将指导您美白牙膏的使用频率。D. 约3700万美国人每年花费数十亿美元护理牙齿。E. 然而多数人错误的洁牙方式可能造成潜在伤害却不自知。F. 此时晚餐残渣在口腔腐败，细菌大肆滋生。G. 许多人误以为用力刷牙能清除更多细菌。
【点评】考查任务型阅读（七选五）。解题技巧如下：1. 看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义。2. 首先快速浏览一遍几个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。3. 精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。4. 看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。5. 解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though, however 等。6. 做完后，通读全文。将所选项放入空白处，通读一遍，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。
36．前文"It's an important step in our daily routine.(这是我们日常生活中重要的一步。)"讲述了刷牙是日常生活的重要事情，后文"Newsweek spoke to Dr. Smita Mehra, principal dentist at The Neem Tree Dental Practices, to find out what mistakes many of us are making when it comes to brushing our teeth and what we should be doing instead.(《新闻周刊》采访了印楝树牙科诊所的首席牙医Smita Mehra医生，以了解我们中的许多人在刷牙时犯了什么错误，以及我们应该做什么。)"提到了采访Smita Mehra医生以了解我们在刷牙时的错误，由此可知，空处应和刷牙错误有关，E项However, many of us are doing it wrong without noticing the potential damage it might cause."然而多数人错误的洁牙方式可能造成潜在伤害却不自知。"与前文形成转折，引出下文。故选E。
37．前文"If you want to use a whitening toothpaste, seek professional advice from dentists.(如果你想使用美白牙膏，请向牙医寻求专业建议。)"建议征求牙医的意见，空处应进一步说明牙医起的帮助作用，C项 They will direct you on how often you should be using whitening toothpaste. "牙医将指导您美白牙膏的使用频率。"符合题意。故选C。
38．根据下文"How many of you eat your breakfast then immediately go to the bathroom to brush your teeth (你们中有多少人吃完早餐后立即去洗手间刷牙？)"可知，本段主要讲述的是吃完饭后直接刷牙的错误行为，B项 Brushing your teeth immediately after eating "餐后立即刷牙。"符合题意。故选B。
39．根据前文"Brushing your teeth too hard(刷牙太用力)"和后文"But actually brushing too hard can contribute to worn enamel, which may contribute to sensitivity and gum (牙龈) disease in the long run.(但实际上，刷牙太用力会导致牙釉质磨损，从长远来看，这可能会导致敏感性和牙龈疾病。)"可知，本段主要讲述的是刷牙太用力的错误，且后文指出这会导致牙齿敏感和牙龈疾病，由后文的But此可知，空处应讲述一般人错误地认为刷牙要用力，与下文形成转折，G项Many people assume that by applying more pressure to the teeth, you are getting rid of more bacteria."许多人误以为用力刷牙能清除更多细菌。"符合题意。故选G。
40．前文"Never forget to brush before bedtime.(睡前别忘了刷牙。)"建议睡前刷牙，后文"In addition, while you sleep, the washing action of your mouth i.e., your saliva also reduces, and therefore not much cleaning happens naturally.(此外，当你睡觉时，口腔的清洁作用，即唾液也会减少，因此自然不会发生太多的清洁。)"补充说明了睡前必须刷牙的原因，由此可知，空处应与为什么睡前有必要刷牙有关系，F项 That is the time when all of your dinner goes bad in your mouth and bacteria are having a field day. " 此时晚餐残渣在口腔腐败，细菌大肆滋生。"符合题意，故选F。
（2025高二下·余姚月考）One morning in 2001 Ellen phoned me and asked if I wanted to go to Bosnia. I was 41． because it had just experienced a war.
Ellen 42． and told me that UN was badly in want of volunteers there. I told her I would think it over. For the rest of the day, I was torn by 43． thoughts. Bosnia may be dangerous; do I really want to put myself at risk Then other 44． flashed into my mind. I liked challenges. And it was a fairyland for marvels. If I 45． the invitation, I may never get another chance. In the end, the 46． thoughts won.
A few weeks later, I 47． a plane to Tuzla, Bosnia where I spent three interesting weeks. After I returned, I was asked if I'd like to return and participate in another 48． . I said "yes" firmly.
It is twenty years since I let my optimistic thoughts 49． my negative ones. I have finished many other tasks in many other countries since then. When I 50． my first Bosnia assignment, I had traveled to three foreign countries. I continued to volunteer 51． and my 52． is now fifty-eight.
If I had listened back in 2001 to the 53． inside telling me not to take a risk, I wouldn't be talking about this 54． now. Fortunately, I followed the voice that said, " 55． it" and I found a brand new life after sixty!
41．A．excited B．opposed C．nervous D．hesitant
42．A．carried on B．showed up C．caught on D．put up
43．A．pressing B．conflicting C．frightening D．striking
44．A．schedules B．practices C．thoughts D．images
45．A．turned down B．set aside C．left out D．took up
46．A．former B．positive C．terrible D．awful
47．A．reserved B．guided C．piloted D．boarded
48．A．battle B．mission C．game D．duty
49．A．compare B．exchange C．defeat D．balance
50．A．accepted B．refused C．signed D．shared
51．A．internationally B．deliberately
C．randomly D．occasionally
52．A．age B．count C．degree D．mark
53．A．proposal B．option C．voice D．echo
54．A．legend B．war C．dream D．experience
55．A．See B．Finish C．Help D．Take
【答案】41．D；42．A；43．B；44．C；45．A；46．B；47．D；48．B；49．C；50．A；51．A；52．B；53．C；54．D；55．D
【知识点】名词辨析；形容词的词义辨析；动词的词义辨析；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者第一次去波斯尼亚做志愿者，虽然一开始内心矛盾，但是最后积极的想法获胜了。从那以后，作者在许多其他国家完成了许多其他任务，在60岁之后找到了一个全新的生活。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。
41．句意：我很犹豫，因为它刚刚经历了一场战争。A. excited激动的；B. opposed反对的；C. nervous紧张的；D. hesitant犹豫的。根据后文"because it had just experienced a war."可知，作者对于去波斯尼亚感到犹豫，因为它刚刚经历了一场战争。故选D。
42．句意：艾伦继续告诉我，联合国那里急需志愿者。A. carried on继续；B. showed up露面；C. caught on理解；D. put up张贴。根据上文"One morning in 2001 Ellen phoned me and asked if I wanted to go to Bosnia."和后文内容"and told me that UN was badly in want of volunteers there."可知，艾伦继续告诉作者，联合国那里急需志愿者。故选A。
43．句意：那天剩下的时间里，我被相互矛盾的想法折磨着。A. pressing紧迫的；B. conflicting冲突的；C. frightening可怕的；D. striking惊人的。结合后文作者内心的想法，一方面认为波斯尼亚危险，一方面自己喜欢挑战，可知内心的想法很矛盾冲突。故选B。
44．句意：然后其他的想法闪过我的脑海。A. schedules时间表；B. practices实践；C. thoughts想法；D. images图像。呼应后文"thoughts won."指其它想法。故选C。
45．句意：如果我拒绝了邀请，我可能再也没有机会了。A. turned down拒绝；B. set aside留出；C. left out遗漏；D. took up从事。根据后文"I may never get another chance."可知，此处是在假设拒绝邀请的情况。故选A。
46．句意：最后，积极的想法获胜了。A. former以前的；B. positive积极的；C. terrible糟糕的；D. awful糟糕的。根据后文"a plane to Tuzla, Bosnia where I spent three interesting weeks."可知，作者还是去了波斯尼亚做志愿者，可见是积极的想法获胜了。故选B。
47．句意：几周后，我登上了飞往波斯尼亚图兹拉的飞机，在那里度过了有趣的三周。A. reserved预定；B. guided指导；C. piloted驾驶；D. boarded搭乘，登上。根据后文"a plane to Tuzla, Bosnia"指登上了飞往波斯尼亚图兹拉的飞机，应用boarded。故选D。
48．句意：我回来后，有人问我是否愿意回来参加另一个任务。A. battle战争；B. mission任务；C. game游戏；D. duty义务。结合上文作者去波斯尼亚当志愿者和此处"participate in another"可知指参加另一项任务，应用mission。后文"many other tasks"也是提示。故选B。
49．句意：我让乐观的思想战胜消极的思想已经20年了。A. compare比较；B. exchange交换；C. defeat打败；D. balance平衡。根据后文"I have finished many other tasks in many other countries since then."可知，作者在许多其他国家完成了许多其他任务，可见让乐观的思想战胜消极的思想已经20年了。故选C。
50．句意：当我接受第一次波斯尼亚任务时，我已经去过三个国家。A. accepted接受；B. refused拒绝；C. signed署名；D. shared分享。根据后文"my first Bosnia assignment"以及上文可知，作者接受了当时的波斯尼亚任务。故选A。
51．句意：我继续在国际上做志愿者，现在已经五十八个国家了。A. internationally国际地；B. deliberately故意地；C. randomly随便地；D. occasionally偶尔。根据上文"I had traveled to three foreign countries."可知，作者是国际志愿者。故选A。
52．句意：我继续在国际上做志愿者，现在已经五十八个国家了。A. age年纪；B. count计数；C. degree程度；D. mark标志。结合后文"fifty-eight."指作者去过的国家，计数是58个。故选B。
53．句意：如果我在2001年听到内心的声音告诉我不要冒险，我就不会讲这个故事了。A. proposal提议；B. option选择；C. voice声音；D. echo回音。根据后文"inside telling me not to take a risk,"可知，此处指内心的声音告诉作者不要冒险。后文"I followed the voice"也是提示。故选C。
54．句意：如果我在2001年听到内心的回声告诉我不要冒险，我就不会讲这段经历了。A. legend传奇；B. war战争；C. dream梦想；D. experience经历。结合文章内容可知，作者讲述了自己从事国际志愿者的经历。故选D。
55．句意：幸运的是，我听从了那个说"接受吧"的声音，我在60岁之后找到了一个全新的生活！A. See看见；B. Finish结束；C. Help帮助；D. Take带走，接受。结合上文内容可知，作者最后还是接受了去波斯尼亚的任务，应用take表示"接受"。故选D。
（2025高二下·余姚月考）阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
During my winter vacation, I was bound 56． the mountains with my friends. One of the 57． (highlight) of our trip was supposed to be a challenging hike. However, things took an 58． (expect) turn when I slipped on a 59． (freeze) stream. My leg bled seriously, and everyone present 60． (panic).
In that remote area, calling for help was 61． (practical). My friends quickly made a stretcher(担架) 62． (use) branches and jackets. They carried me down the mountain for hours until we reached the nearest village, 63． the locals helped clean and bandage my wound.
This experience taught me 64． importance of staying calm in emergencies and the value of true friendship. 65． my leg still bears a scar, it reminds me of the kindness I received that day.
【答案】56．for；57．highlights；58．unexpected；59．frozen；60．panicked；61．impractical；62．using；63．where；64．the；65．Though
【知识点】作前置定语；可数名词；简单介词；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者寒假和朋友去山上，结果摔倒，腿流血严重。多亏了冷静应对，最终得救。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及介词，名词，形容词，时态，定语从句，冠词，连词以及状语从句等多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。语法填空实用解题策略如下。一、分析句子结构。在面对语法填空题时，首先要做的是分析句子的结构。观察句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，以及是否有从句、非谓语动词等复杂结构。通过理解句子结构，可以更好地把握填空处所需的词性和功能。二、确定词性变化。根据句子结构和语境，确定填空处所需的词性。然后，根据语法规则，考虑所需的词性是否需要进行变化，如名词的单复数、动词的时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。确保所填词汇在语法上与句子其他部分相匹配。三、牢记固定搭配。英语中存在大量的固定搭配和短语，这些搭配在语法填空题中经常出现。因此，需要牢记常见的固定搭配和短语，以便在解题时能够迅速识别并正确填空。四、注意时态语态。时态和语态是英语语法填空的重要考点。在解题时，要注意根据句子的语境和上下文，判断所需动词的时态和语态。同时，也要注意时态和语态的一致性，确保所填词汇与句子的时态和语态相符。五、理解上下文语境。语境对于语法填空题的解答至关重要。通过理解句子的上下文，可以更好地理解填空处所需的词汇和语法结构。因此，在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的前后文，把握句子的整体意义，以便更好地填空。六、利用常识和逻辑。在某些情况下，可以利用常识和逻辑来解答语法填空题。例如，根据常识判断所填词汇是否符合常理，或者根据逻辑判断所填词汇是否与前后的句子内容相符合。通过利用常识和逻辑，可以更加准确地填空。
56．句意：在我的寒假里，我和我的朋友们去了山上。此处表示"前往某地"，be bound for，固定短语，符合语境。故填for。
57．句意：我们这次旅行的亮点之一应该是一次具有挑战性的徒步旅行。 highlight，亮点，可数名词。此处为固定搭配one of+可数名词复数，表示"...之一"，故空处应用highlight的复数形式。故填highlights。
58．句意：然而，当我在结冰的小溪上滑倒时，事情发生了意想不到的转变。 expect，期待，动词。空处在句中做前置定语修饰名词turn，空处表示"出乎意料的"，unexpected，形容词，符合语境。故填unexpected。
59．句意：然而，当我在结冰的小溪上滑倒时，事情发生了意想不到的转变。freeze，结冰，动词。空处在句中做前置定语修饰名词stream，空处表示"结冰的"，frozen，形容词，符合语境。故填frozen。
60．句意：我的腿流血严重，在场的每个人都惊慌失措。 panic，惊慌，动词。空处为句子的谓语，根据时态呼应原则以及bled可知，空处谓语时态为一般过去时，故空处应用动词panic的过去式。故填panicked。
61．句意：在那个偏远地区，呼救是不现实的。 practical，实用的/实际的，形容词。空处在句中做表语，空处表示"不现实的"，impractical，形容词，符合语境。故填impractical。
62．句意：我的朋友们很快用树枝和夹克衫做了一个担架。use，使用/用法，动词&名词。空处为非谓语且在句中作状语，动词use与其逻辑主语My friends构成逻辑上的主动关系，故空处应用现在分词作状语。故填using。
63．句意：他们抬着我下山好几个小时，直到我们到达最近的村庄，当地人帮我清洗并包扎伤口。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为village，在非限制性定语从句中做地点状语，故空处应用关系副词where。故填where。
64．句意：这次经历教会了我在紧急情况下保持冷静的重要性和真正友谊的价值。此处特指"在紧急情况下保持冷静的重要性"，应用定冠词。故填the。
65．句意：虽然我的腿上还有一个伤疤，但它使我想起了那天我所受到的友爱。分析句子内部语义上的逻辑关系可知，此处表示让步关系，故空处表示"虽然"though/although/while，从属连词，引导让步状语从句，符合语境，句首首字母应大写。故填Though/Although/While。
66．（2025高二下·余姚月考）你是校英语报的通讯员。上周五，学校邀请专业的救援工作者到校为同学们开展关于急救知识和技能的讲座。请你据此写一篇英文报道，内容包括：
1. 讲座的内容；
2. 针对讲座内容的后续活动；
3. 同学们的评价。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为 80 词左右；
2. 可适当增加细节使行文更加流畅。
A Rewarding Lecture on First Aid Knowledge
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
A Rewarding Lecture on First Aid Knowledge
Last Friday, our school invited professional rescue workers to give a lecture on first aid knowledge, which covered essential skills such as CPR, wound treatment, and how to handle emergencies like choking or fainting. The rescuers demonstrated each step clearly, making it easy for students to understand.
After the lecture, students participated in practical activities. We paired up to practice CPR on each other and learned how to use bandages correctly. These hands-on experiences helped us gain confidence in applying what we had learned.
Students found the lecture highly beneficial. Many said it was not only informative but also practical. Overall, it was a rewarding experience that left everyone feeling more prepared for emergencies.
【知识点】文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以校英语报通讯员的身份写一篇关于急救知识和技能讲座的英文报道 。写作背景：考生的学校于上周五邀请专业的救援工作者为同学们开展了急救知识和技能讲座。内容包括：1. 阐述讲座的具体内容；2. 阐述讲座后的活动；3. 阐述同学们的评价。注意：1. 时态为一般过去时；2.注意不要遗漏写作要点，详略得当，可适当拓展，突出写作重点；3. 注意语句表达规范流畅，逻辑正确，条理清晰，语义连贯；4. 不能使用真实的名称；5. 写作词数为80个词左右。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使作文显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇书面表达表达上要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用了一定数量的句式结构，让句子表达更加生动传神，同时使用了较多的高级词汇和固定短语，提高了文章的档次，体现了对英语书面表达熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Last Friday, our school invited professional rescue workers to give a lecture on first aid knowledge, which covered essential skills such as CPR, wound treatment, and how to handle emergencies like choking or fainting. （运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）；The rescuers demonstrated each step clearly, making it easy for students to understand.（运用了现在分词短语作状语）； We paired up to practice CPR on each other and learned how to use bandages correctly. （运用了"疑问词+动词不定式"做宾语）； These hands-on experiences helped us gain confidence in applying what we had learned. （运用了what引导的宾语从句）； Many said it was not only informative but also practical. （运用了not only...but also连接的并列结构）；Overall, it was a rewarding experience that left everyone feeling more prepared for emergencies.（运用了that引导的定语从句）。
67．（2025高二下·余姚月考）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Unclaimed (无人认领的) Treasure
I was on my way to the park when I saw Ollie sitting on his steps. And I was about to greet him when he said softly. "You'll scare him away!" "Who " I wondered, then I noticed the cutest little bird in the world just perched there on Ollie's shoulder. "He landed on this flowerpot," said Ollie. "And when I bent down to make sure he was OK, he just hopped right onto my shoulder!" I told Ollie that my cousin had a pet bird looks the same as this one, so it must be someone's lost pet.
"Hi," I said softly to the bird. "I wish you could tell us your name." And right then, the bird chirped back.
Ollie giggled. "I don't exactly speak to bird, but I'm pretty sure he just said his name is Blue."
And I know this sounds far-fetched (牵强的), but Blue seemed to understand—because right then, he chirped more!
When Ollie's grandma, Abuela, stepped outside and saw the bird, she was very surprised. Luckily, she knew all about birds, and she gave us a spare cage, the right kind of seed, and lots of helpful advice. She advised us to put flyers (传单) up in our area, post a message on the neighborhood's online bulletin board, and keep checking the Found Animals recording.
That afternoon, Ollie and I made lots of Found Bird flyers. And Blue helped by singing songs while we worked.
"Thank you for filling our home with such beautiful music," Abuela told little Blue. "I'm really going to miss you when you're gone."
"Me too!" said Ollie. "Do you think that maybe we could keep her if no one claims her I promise I'll clean her cage and change her food and water and do all the stuff you said to do!"
Abuela thought for a bit. "I suppose, maybe, if nobody claims her."
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
That afternoon, Ollie and I put up all the Found Bird flyers.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Another week passed, one day the phone rang.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________浙江省余姚中学2024-2025学年高二下学期3月月考英语试题
1．（2025高二下·余姚月考）Where are the speakers
A．In a car. B．At home. C．At a café.
2．（2025高二下·余姚月考）What is probably the woman
A．A cook. B．A waitress. C．A baker.
3．（2025高二下·余姚月考）Why is the woman worried
A．She isn't prepared for a picnic.
B．She cares about the man's safety.
C．She can't avoid dangerous animals.
4．（2025高二下·余姚月考）What is the woman doing
A．Interviewing a candidate.
B．Assigning a copying task.
C．Conducting a financial test.
5．（2025高二下·余姚月考）What are the speakers mainly talking about
A．The differences among languages.
B．The relation between languages and minds.
C．The debate about the origins of German and Dutch.
（2025高二下·余姚月考）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What happened to the woman
A．Her arm was burned.
B．Her arm was dislocated.
C．Her arm wound was infected.
7．What will the man probably do for the woman
A．Apply ice to cool her arm.
B．Call the emergency services.
C．Cover her arm with a clean plastic bag.
（2025高二下·余姚月考）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What did Simon do in both Argentina and South Korea
A．Work as a volunteer. B．Continue his study C．Teach a language.
9．What is the probable relationship between Simon and Sally
A．Friends. B．Husband and wife. C．Teacher and student.
（2025高二下·余姚月考）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10．How did the woman know about the research
A．From a magazine. B．From her grandmother. C．From a TV program.
11．How old is the woman now
A．In her forties. B．In her fifties. C．In her eighties.
12．What does the man think of Jack
A．He always keeps his promise.
B．He is good at playing badminton.
C．He pays much attention to exercise.
13．When will the speakers play badminton
A．This Friday. B．This Saturday. C．Next Monday.
（2025高二下·余姚月考）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14．What did the man do last week
A．He got some guidance.
B．He visited a firefighter.
C．He made a plan.
15．How many suggestions has the man given to the woman
A．One. B．Two. C．Three.
16．What problem does Frank have
A．He isn't good at singing.
B．He is afraid of performing in public.
C．He can't do well in organizing activities.
17．What are the speakers discussing
A．How to choose the right career.
B．How to take a career test.
C．How to achieve work-life balance.
（2025高二下·余姚月考）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18．Why do killer whales attack boats according to the speaker
A．To protect themselves.
B．To have some pleasure.
C．To get things from boats.
19．What happened on Sunday evening off the coast of Southern California
A．A boat was missing.
B．A shark got injured.
C．A shark attacked a surfer.
20．Which country ranks third in terms of shark encounters in the talk
A．The USA. B．South Africa. C．Australia.
（2025高二下·余姚月考）Fixing the Climate: Strategies for an Uncertain World
By Charles F. Sabel
The climate crisis poses a problem of global action that governments have sought to address through high-level international negotiations. There are arrangements, such as the 2015 Paris Agreement, reductions in emissions and comprehensive plans for meeting those targets. The author argues that these strategies are failing because they provide inadequate opportunities for experimentation. Since the route to successful emissions reduction is uncertain, experimentation, which inspires the emergence of new technologies and approaches is essential.
Social Media, Freedom of Speech, and the Future of Our Democracy
By Lee C. Bollinger
The evolution of social media threatens the freedoms of speech. The author concludes that First Amendment Law(第一修正案) can adapt to this new technology as it has to new media in the past. Hate speech and false and misleading information may be legally protected, but placing limitations on the algorithms( 算 法) and artificial intelligence(AI) used to spread such speech would be beneficial and acceptable. In the author's view, such social platforms controlled by a few companies pose "extraordinary risks" to democracy and a responsible reform in relevant laws, the author concludes, is both possible and necessary.
The Great War and the Birth of Modern Medicine
By Thomas Helling
It is one of the paradoxes of war that the enormous efforts put into harming people often give rise to medical breakthroughs and great progress in the treatment of the wounded. This valuable and thoroughly interesting study, informed by the author's own experience of military surgery, contributes to the history of both World War I and modern medicine. It was not just new techniques that made the difference but also new medical facilities that were moved closer to the frontlines so that soldiers could be treated as quickly as possible.
21．According to Charles Sabel, why do the strategies to deal with climate crisis fail
A．The crisis of climate is a global problem.
B．The solution to reducing emissions is uncertain.
C．The strategies don't allow of enough experimentation.
D．The governments show inadequate commitment to the strategies.
22．What does Lee C. Bollinger advocate doing in his book
A．Adapting laws to limit the spread of harmful information.
B．Pushing the evolution of social media to remove the threat.
C．Putting a ban on the hate speech and misleading information.
D．Replacing the algorithms and AI used to protect online speech.
23．Which of the following may Thomas Helling agree with
A．Every coin has two sides.
B．A good medicine tastes bitter.
C．Time and tide wait for no man.
D．False friends are worse than bitter enemies.
（2025高二下·余姚月考）The World Health Organization (WHO) has warned that children, pregnant women and people with weak immune systems suffer the most from the mpox (猴痘) outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).
Reports confirm that children under five account for 39% of all cases in the country, and babies as young as two weeks are being diagnosed with this viral illness.
Why is the DRC outbreak affecting children so badly Because of conflict, political instability and insecurity, large parts of the DRC have not had stable, consistent, sustained health responses or health prevention. As a result, it's hard to control infectious diseases like mpox.
In addition, children in any outbreak setting are already vulnerable given their immature and still-developing immune systems, especially under the age of five. Besides all the above factors, living in a country where mpox is consistently present, exposure through contact with animals, which is a more common means of mpox transmission, and not having the benefit of a vaccine also contribute to the problem.
To protect the vulnerable from the mpox outbreak, children must be specifically targeted. This is because they are a primary population of concern that can develop severe and fatal disease. The health system and healthcare workers must make it as easy as possible to get parents or caregivers to bring children in. This includes addressing the inconveniences of leaving their communities to seek care.
Another factor which might prevent the infected from getting the care they should have is the stigma connected to mpox. The symptoms of mpox are quite noticeable and unfortunately draw negative attention and treatment by society and health workers, which makes parents and caregivers hesitant to seek care. The media, including international media, have been feeding into this – especially for African people with mpox — and it needs to stop.
Finally, a vaccination program focused on the young needs to be rolled out to stem transmission. But there still exist major challenges.
24．Which of the following isn't a factor that puts children in DRC at risk
A．Lack of healthcare. B．Regular exposure to animals.
C．The large population of children. D．Relatively weak immune system.
25．The underlined word can be replaced by ________.
A．challenge B．discrimination C．after-effect D．severity
26．What is the author's attitude towards the media's reports on mpox
A．Critical. B．Conservative C．Ambiguous. D．Supportive.
27．Which of the following might be a proper title of this passage
A．Why Are Infectious Diseases So Hard to Control in Africa
B．More Attention Needs to Be Paid to the Prevention of Mpox.
C．Children in the DRC Are at Greater Risk From the Mpox Outbreak.
D．Measures Are Needed to Bring Infectious Diseases Under Control.
（2025高二下·余姚月考）Cheese could be healthier in the future now that microbiologists in Brazil have discovered three novel strains of probiotic bacteria (益生菌) in samples of traditional cheeses.
Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when eaten in food, may remain in the gut (肠道). People who have lots of — and lots of different types of — probiotic bacteria and yeasts in their gut are thought to have healthy microbiomes, i.e., microbial communities.
A healthy gut microbiome is associated with good mental health, a strong immune system, regular gut movements and a lowered risk of many diseases and chronic conditions. Many so-called health foods are probiotic, including kombucha, miso, sauerkraut, kefir, Greek yogurt and other fermented (发酵的) or pickled (腌制的) foods.
Food scientist Cristian Mauricio, the first author of the study, said in a statement that these three strains were selected because they were believed "to have the best fermentative, enzymatic (酶) properties," according to previous research conducted at the Food Technology Institute.
He explained that the scientists then studied how the cheeses changed over 45 days of ripening and they found that none of the three strains significantly affected the composition of the cheese, in terms of fatty acid and protein profiles, which were confirmed to be safe for human consumption and probiotic. Furthermore, the bacteria seemed to inhibit the growth of disease-promoting microorganisms.
"This kind of microorganism is easy to produce industrially," Barreto continued. "Research along these lines is relevant to the needs of the cheese industry, which has significant growth potential"
Barreto said that, while large companies had the microbial culture technology to supply probiotics to Brazil, smaller companies would benefit from being able to produce these probiotics themselves so their traditional products could compete on the market. However, more researches are required before they can be used commercially.
28．What do paragraph 2 and paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．The previous knowledge about probiotics.
B．The working principle of microorganisms.
C．The process of cultivating probiotic bacteria.
D．The organization of human's immune system.
29．How did Cristian Mauricio determine the research subject of this study
A．He consulted famous food scientists.
B．He studied some traditional healthy food.
C．He referred to the results of former researches.
D．He analyzed a number of different strains of bacteria.
30．What was the finding of the research
A．The bacteria accelerated the ripening process of cheese.
B．The bacteria changed the composition of cheese for the better.
C．The bacteria had a potential to transform fatty acid into protein.
D．The bacteria could inhibit the breeding of some harmful microorganisms.
31．What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs
A．The overall market of cheese will remain the same.
B．Cristian Mauricio will do more researches on probiotics.
C．The bacteria studied in this research will be put into the market soon.
D．Small companies will face greater challenges to survive in the future.
（2025高二下·余姚月考）A group of scientists, including people from the Royal Society of Chemistry, recently proposed that experiences such as licking (舔舐) an ice lolly (冰棍) should be part of the science class. By licking a lolly and seeing how it melts – the idea goes – children would better learn about melting, and therefore about chemistry and physics.
But simply licking a lolly, or experiences such as kneading dough, playing with shadows actually doesn't help students to learn science. Using examples and demonstrations in the classroom can be a helpful approach towards deeper understanding, but it's not a shortcut to knowledge.
The idea of learning through experiences has a long history. It's perhaps most closely associated with the work of educator John Dewey in the early 20th century. Dewey and other educators of the time were concerned that an emphasis on rote (死记硬背) learning would lead to "inert (惰性的) knowledge": facts that students wouldn't be able to apply to the real world.
An experience like licking a lolly may at least be memorable – especially if you'd never done it before.
However, there is a difference between having memories for events and having knowledge. For example, between having personally lived through the French Revolution and knowing what happened including its origin and effects, the latter involves a different type of memories – structured memories. These are based on understanding how things work and what they mean. It is the type of memory that is at play when you use a word such as "heavy", unconnected to a specific heavy object. Such understandings are essential to both scientific learning and our use of language.
If you stop to think about it, most of your knowledge can't be clearly tied to one particular experience.
Learning is usually not a one-shot process – think of how much experience a gardener needs before they "know" how plants grow and thrive. These semantic memories derive from a combination of lots of experiences, and sometimes, from comparing and contrasting different things: the difference between two types of plants, or between an ice lolly and an ice cream. Understanding science or anything else is not just about remembering experiences.
To profit most from first-hand experience, learners need sufficient prior knowledge to understand what is happening when they observe something in class. If we want students to build up their knowledge of science and be able to use it in future, it's vital that the focus is on strategies that helped them to transform what they observe into structured knowledge.
32．What does the author think of learning physics through licking an ice lolly
A．Ineffective B．Innovative C．Impressive D．Informative
33．What does the writer think might be the theoretical basis of learning through experience
A．An educator's work published in the 20th century
B．The practical experience of a number of teachers
C．Examples and demonstrations collected from schools
D．Works and researches done in the history
34．What does the author want to convey by mentioning the French Revolution
A．Understanding how things work is the key to learning.
B．Experiential memories doesn't necessarily lead to knowledge.
C．Learning different things requires different types of memories.
D．Learning from historical events is different from licking an ice lolly.
35．Which of the following is the main idea of the passage
A．Licking an ice lolly has become a popular way to learn science.
B．Experience relies on certain conditions to benefit science learning.
C．Science learning is becoming increasingly popular among pupils.
D．Knowledge and experience are both important in science learning.
（2025高二下·余姚月考）Across an average lifetime, we spend roughly eighty-two days brushing our teeth. It's an important step in our daily routine. 36． Newsweek spoke to Dr. Smita Mehra, principal dentist at The Neem Tree Dental Practices, to find out what mistakes many of us are making when it comes to brushing our teeth and what we should be doing instead.
Mistake 1: Using whitening toothpaste every day
While whitening toothpastes are generally safe to use, using them every day or at high levels may have the potential to cause damage. This is because the peroxide (过氧化氢) content in some whitening gels and toothpastes has the potential to cause ulcers (溃疡) if used in high quantities." If you want to use a whitening toothpaste, seek professional advice from dentists. 37．
Mistake 2: 38．
How many of you eat your breakfast then immediately go to the bathroom to brush your teeth Actually, dentists recommend that you wait about an hour before brushing your teeth after eating. This is because brushing your teeth right after eating these foods can actually damage your enamel (牙釉质) especially when you eat food that is acid. You are essentially brushing acid in your mouth all over your teeth. Allowing time between brushing and consuming foods allows the saliva in your mouth to wash away any acid.
Mistake 3: Brushing your teeth too hard
39． But actually brushing too hard can contribute to worn enamel, which may contribute to sensitivity and gum (牙龈) disease in the long run. The best way to brush your teeth to guarantee maximum cleaning and little damage is to brush gently but thoroughly, using a soft brush. Pressure isn't the only thing you need to consider when brushing your teeth.
Mistake 4: Skipping your bedtime brush
While official guidelines recommend brushing your teeth twice a day, many of us consider the morning brush to be the priority. But while your morning breath might feel worse, brushing your teeth before bed is even more important. Never forget to brush before bedtime. 40． In addition, while you sleep, the washing action of your mouth i.e., your saliva also reduces, and therefore not much cleaning happens naturally.
A. Brushing your teeth after eating acid food.
B. Brushing your teeth immediately after eating
C. They will direct you on how often you should be using whitening toothpaste.
D. Roughly 37 million Americans spend billions of dollars every year on tooth care.
E. However, many of us are doing it wrong without noticing the potential damage it might cause.
F. That is the time when all of your dinner goes bad in your mouth and bacteria are having a field day.
G. Many people assume that by applying more pressure to the teeth, you are getting rid of more bacteria.
（2025高二下·余姚月考）One morning in 2001 Ellen phoned me and asked if I wanted to go to Bosnia. I was 41． because it had just experienced a war.
Ellen 42． and told me that UN was badly in want of volunteers there. I told her I would think it over. For the rest of the day, I was torn by 43． thoughts. Bosnia may be dangerous; do I really want to put myself at risk Then other 44． flashed into my mind. I liked challenges. And it was a fairyland for marvels. If I 45． the invitation, I may never get another chance. In the end, the 46． thoughts won.
A few weeks later, I 47． a plane to Tuzla, Bosnia where I spent three interesting weeks. After I returned, I was asked if I'd like to return and participate in another 48． . I said "yes" firmly.
It is twenty years since I let my optimistic thoughts 49． my negative ones. I have finished many other tasks in many other countries since then. When I 50． my first Bosnia assignment, I had traveled to three foreign countries. I continued to volunteer 51． and my 52． is now fifty-eight.
If I had listened back in 2001 to the 53． inside telling me not to take a risk, I wouldn't be talking about this 54． now. Fortunately, I followed the voice that said, " 55． it" and I found a brand new life after sixty!
41．A．excited B．opposed C．nervous D．hesitant
42．A．carried on B．showed up C．caught on D．put up
43．A．pressing B．conflicting C．frightening D．striking
44．A．schedules B．practices C．thoughts D．images
45．A．turned down B．set aside C．left out D．took up
46．A．former B．positive C．terrible D．awful
47．A．reserved B．guided C．piloted D．boarded
48．A．battle B．mission C．game D．duty
49．A．compare B．exchange C．defeat D．balance
50．A．accepted B．refused C．signed D．shared
51．A．internationally B．deliberately
C．randomly D．occasionally
52．A．age B．count C．degree D．mark
53．A．proposal B．option C．voice D．echo
54．A．legend B．war C．dream D．experience
55．A．See B．Finish C．Help D．Take
（2025高二下·余姚月考）阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
During my winter vacation, I was bound 56． the mountains with my friends. One of the 57． (highlight) of our trip was supposed to be a challenging hike. However, things took an 58． (expect) turn when I slipped on a 59． (freeze) stream. My leg bled seriously, and everyone present 60． (panic).
In that remote area, calling for help was 61． (practical). My friends quickly made a stretcher(担架) 62． (use) branches and jackets. They carried me down the mountain for hours until we reached the nearest village, 63． the locals helped clean and bandage my wound.
This experience taught me 64． importance of staying calm in emergencies and the value of true friendship. 65． my leg still bears a scar, it reminds me of the kindness I received that day.
66．（2025高二下·余姚月考）你是校英语报的通讯员。上周五，学校邀请专业的救援工作者到校为同学们开展关于急救知识和技能的讲座。请你据此写一篇英文报道，内容包括：
1. 讲座的内容；
2. 针对讲座内容的后续活动；
3. 同学们的评价。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为 80 词左右；
2. 可适当增加细节使行文更加流畅。
A Rewarding Lecture on First Aid Knowledge
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
67．（2025高二下·余姚月考）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Unclaimed (无人认领的) Treasure
I was on my way to the park when I saw Ollie sitting on his steps. And I was about to greet him when he said softly. "You'll scare him away!" "Who " I wondered, then I noticed the cutest little bird in the world just perched there on Ollie's shoulder. "He landed on this flowerpot," said Ollie. "And when I bent down to make sure he was OK, he just hopped right onto my shoulder!" I told Ollie that my cousin had a pet bird looks the same as this one, so it must be someone's lost pet.
"Hi," I said softly to the bird. "I wish you could tell us your name." And right then, the bird chirped back.
Ollie giggled. "I don't exactly speak to bird, but I'm pretty sure he just said his name is Blue."
And I know this sounds far-fetched (牵强的), but Blue seemed to understand—because right then, he chirped more!
When Ollie's grandma, Abuela, stepped outside and saw the bird, she was very surprised. Luckily, she knew all about birds, and she gave us a spare cage, the right kind of seed, and lots of helpful advice. She advised us to put flyers (传单) up in our area, post a message on the neighborhood's online bulletin board, and keep checking the Found Animals recording.
That afternoon, Ollie and I made lots of Found Bird flyers. And Blue helped by singing songs while we worked.
"Thank you for filling our home with such beautiful music," Abuela told little Blue. "I'm really going to miss you when you're gone."
"Me too!" said Ollie. "Do you think that maybe we could keep her if no one claims her I promise I'll clean her cage and change her food and water and do all the stuff you said to do!"
Abuela thought for a bit. "I suppose, maybe, if nobody claims her."
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
That afternoon, Ollie and I put up all the Found Bird flyers.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Another week passed, one day the phone rang.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案解析部分
1．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【原文】W: I'm a bit cold. Could you wind up the window
M: Sure. I'll turn the heat up too.
W: When will we arrive home
M: About 25 minutes. I'll pull up at a coffee shop to get you a cup of hot coffee.
【分析】问题：两位发言人在哪里？根据"I'll pull up at a coffee shop to get you a cup of hot coffee."我先靠边停咖啡店给你买杯热咖啡。可知，两位发言人在车里。故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意：注意预测话题内容，在开始听录音前，快速浏览题目和选项，对可能出现的话题内容进行预测。这样可以在听录音时更有针对性地捕捉关键信息，提高解题效率。注意抓住关键词汇，在听录音时，注意抓住关键词汇，特别是与题目和选项相关的词汇。这些词汇往往能帮助我们理解对话的核心内容，从而更容易找到正确答案。
2．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【原文】M: I'd like two eggs and a piece of toast.
W: How would you like your eggs cooked Over-easy, over-medium or over-hard then
M: Over-medium. Plus, I'd like the whole wheat toast.
W: OK. I'll make a note of your order.
【分析】问题：女发言人可能是什么身份？根据"OK. I'll make a note of your order."好的，已记下您的点单。可知，女发言人可能是一位女服务员。故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意：注意语气和语调，语气和语调可以传达说话者的情感和态度，有助于我们更好地理解对话的言外之意。在听录音时，要注意捕捉说话者的语气和语调变化，从而更全面地理解对话内容。
3．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【原文】M: If a pack of wild dogs were attacking me, I would use the long stick to protect myself.
W: It's going to be different this time. The wild forest isn't like any picnic spots or parks.
M: Mom, you may rest assured that I'll be all right.
【分析】问题：为什么女发言人着急？根据"If a pack of wild dogs were attacking me, I would use the long stick to protect myself."如果遇到野狗群攻击，我会用长棍自卫。；以及"It's going to be different this time. The wild forest isn't like any picnic spots or parks."这次可不一样。荒野丛林可不是什么野餐公园。可知，女发言人着急是因为她担心男发言人的安全。故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意：注意理解言外之意，有时，对话中的言外之意比字面意思更重要。因此，在听录音时，要注意理解说话者的隐含意图和言外之意，以便更准确地回答问题。
4．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【原文】W: We need an accountant in our Finance Department. Can you use a copier and write reports
M: Yes, I can do all these kinds of work.
W: Okay. Please fill in this form and you will receive the result in 3 days.
M: Thank you very much.
【分析】问题：女发言人正在做什么？根据"We need an accountant in our Finance Department. Can you use a copier and write reports "我们财务部需要一名会计。你会使用复印机和撰写报告吗？；以及"Okay. Please fill in this form and you will receive the result in 3 days."好的，请填写这份表格，三个工作日内会告知您结果。可知，女发言人正在面试一位应聘者。故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意：注意理解对话逻辑，听力短对话通常具有一定的逻辑结构，考生需要通过理解对话的逻辑来把握整体内容。要注意对话者之间的关系、对话的目的和背景等信息，以便更好地理解对话内容。
5．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【原文】W: The claim that our language affects our thinking has been debated for decades.
M: Yes. Some say they're more grounded when speaking German. Some say they feel more determined when speaking Dutch because they just get straight to the point.
W: True.
【分析】问题：两位发言人主要在谈论什么？根据"The claim that our language affects our thinking has been debated for decades."关于语言影响思维的论断已争论数十年。可知，两位发言人主要在谈论语言和思维之间的关系。故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意：注意理解主旨大意，听力短对话通常会有一个明确的主旨或中心思想。在听力过程中，要时刻关注对话的开头和结尾部分，这些地方往往隐藏着对话的主旨大意。同时，通过对话中的关键词汇和语境，你也可以推断出对话的主题和要点。
【答案】6．A
7．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【原文】W: Ouch! That hurt!
M: Charlotte, are you okay Stay away from the fire first. I'll turn off the oven. Just keep your arm under the cool water for at least ten minutes. It will reduce pain, swelling and the risk of scarring. Don't apply ice. It can lower body temperature and cause further pain and damage.
W: Anything else I should do
M: You can remove clothing that is near the burn but not stuck to it. I'll cover it with cling film or a plastic bag. This helps prevent infection by keeping the area clean. If the burn appears serious one hour later, you need to call an ambulance.
【分析】本段长对话主要围绕男发言人帮助女发言人应急处理烧伤展开交谈。
【点评】考查长对话理解。注意：注意抓住关键信息，在听录音时，要注意抓住关键信息，如人名、地名、数字、时间等。这些信息往往是回答问题的关键所在，考生需要特别留意。同时，还要注意对话中的重点句子和段落，它们通常包含了对话的核心内容。注意理解对话逻辑，听力长对话通常具有一定的逻辑结构，考生需要通过理解对话的逻辑来把握整体内容。要注意对话者之间的关系、对话的目的和背景等信息，以便更好地理解对话内容。
6．问题：女发言人发生了什么事情？根据" Just keep your arm under the cool water for at least ten minutes."把胳膊放在冷水下冲至少十分钟。可知，女发言人的胳膊被烧伤了。故选A。
7．问题：男发言人可能会为女发言人做什么？根据"I'll cover it with cling film or a plastic bag."我用保鲜膜或塑料袋帮你盖住伤口。可知，男发言人将用保鲜膜或塑料袋帮女发言人盖住伤口。故选C。
【答案】8．C
9．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【原文】W: Simon, can you tell me a little bit about where you've been to
M: I've been to France and Argentina, and I recently returned from South Korea.
W: Cool. What were you doing in France
M: I was studying as an exchange student in France. After graduation, I went to Argentina, where I worked two jobs at the same time. I worked at a volunteer organization and taught English in a primary school. One year later, I went to South Korea where I also taught English.
W: Have you ever experienced culture shock
M: Of course. But I adapted to new surroundings quickly. When in Rome, do as the Romans do. Most importantly, I met the most important person Sally in my life. We had a honeymoon in South Korea.
【分析】本段长对话主要围绕西蒙在国外的生活经历展开交谈。
【点评】考查长对话理解。注意：注意边听边做笔记，在听录音时，考生可以尝试边听边做笔记，记录关键信息和重要细节。这有助于考生在回答问题时迅速回忆起相关信息，避免遗漏或混淆。做笔记时，要简洁明了，重点突出，避免记录过多无关信息。注意识别重复和强调，在对话中，重复和强调往往是对话者想要传达的重要信息。考生要注意识别这些表达方式，并重点关注这些信息。同时，也要注意对话者的语气和语调变化，它们也可以帮助考生识别重要信息。
8．问题：西蒙在阿根廷和韩国分别做了什么？根据"After graduation, I went to Argentina, where I worked two jobs at the same time. I worked at a volunteer organization and taught English in a primary school. One year later, I went to South Korea where I also taught English."毕业后去了阿根廷，同时打两份工——既在志愿者机构工作，又在小学教英语。一年后去了韩国，也是教英语。可知，西蒙在阿根廷和韩国教英语。故选C。
9．问题：西蒙与莎莉很可能是什么关系？根据"Most importantly, I met the most important person Sally in my life. We had a honeymoon in South Korea."最重要的是，我在韩国遇到了人生中最重要的人莎莉，我们的蜜月就是在韩国度的。可知，西蒙与莎莉很可能是夫妻关系。故选B。
【答案】10．A
11．A
12．C
13．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【原文】W: Do you like doing exercise I read an article in a health journal last Friday. It makes me understand why my grandma insists on taking a walk every day even in her eighties.
M: What did it say
W: Research shows that the number of people over 50 with Alzheimer's disease is on the rise. Moderate exercise several times a week is one of the best ways to avoid that disease. However, I spend a lot of time watching TV on the sofa.
M: You still have a decade to go before you turn 55. Taking exercise at any age is worthwhile. It can clear your mind and reduce memory loss. My friend Jack sets a good example for me.
W: That makes sense. What about playing badminton this weekend
M: It sounds great. But don't forget it's Children's Day this Saturday. You have to keep your promise to Jane. I heard you talk to her in the bedroom yesterday. Why not put it off till next Monday
W: It's a deal.
【分析】本段长对话主要围绕锻炼的益处这一话题展开交谈。
【点评】考查长对话理解。注意：注意理解对话逻辑，听力长对话通常具有一定的逻辑结构，考生需要通过理解对话的逻辑来把握整体内容。要注意对话者之间的关系、对话的目的和背景等信息，以便更好地理解对话内容。注意排除干扰选项，在听力长对话中，干扰选项是常见的。考生要学会根据对话内容和题目要求排除这些干扰项，以便更准确地找到正确答案。在排除干扰项时，要注意对比各选项之间的差异和联系，找出与对话内容最符合的选项。
10．问题：女发言人是如何得知这项研究的？根据"I read an article in a health journal last Friday."上周五我在健康期刊上读到一篇文章。可知，女发言人是在健康期刊上读到这项研究的。故选A。
11．问题：女发言人现在多大年龄？根据"You still have a decade to go before you turn 55. "你离55岁还有十年呢。可知，女发言人现在45岁，因此她是四十岁的年龄段。故选A。
12．问题：男发言人对杰克的看法如何？根据"Taking exercise at any age is worthwhile. It can clear your mind and reduce memory loss. My friend Jack sets a good example for me."任何时候开始运动都不晚，既能清醒头脑，还能减缓记忆力衰退。我朋友杰克就是我的榜样。可知，杰克经常锻炼。故选C。
13．问题：两位发言人何时打羽毛球？根据" Why not put it off till next Monday "要不改到下周一？；以及"It's a deal."成交。可知，两位发言人将于下周一打羽毛球。故选C。
【答案】14．A
15．B
16．B
17．A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【原文】M: Claire, when you were little, were you asked the question: What do you want to be when you grow older
W: Yeah, I often said I'd like to be an astronaut or a firefighter. It's time to make the decision in my late teens, or young adult years. But I found that it would be extremely hard to find the answer. I wonder if someone could give me some tips. That would be better.
M: I took a career development course last week. Here are several tips that can help you find your ideal career path.
W: So what is the first tip
M: Make a list of your hobbies. To enjoy what you do most of the day, it's essential to find a job that you love. The second is to find what you're good at. What you enjoy and what you're good at can be two very different things.
W: That's true. My mom loves dancing, but she does a great job of organizing activities.
M: Yes. My friend Frank is a gifted singer, but he is too shy. He feels anxious in front of people. It seems that he doesn't enjoy the onstage performance.
W: I see. Thank you for your help, Joseph.
【分析】本段长对话主要围绕职业规划展开交谈。
【点评】考查长对话理解。注意：注意抓住首尾主旨句，长对话的开头和结尾往往包含了对全文的概括或总结，是理解主旨大意的重要线索。特别注意这些部分中的关键句，它们往往能直接回答主旨大意类的问题。首尾主旨句也有助于你建立对全文的整体框架和逻辑关系的认识。注意理解细节与逻辑，听力材料中的细节信息是构建完整故事或论述的基础。在听的过程中，保持对细节的敏感度，同时理解它们之间的逻辑关系，如因果关系、转折关系等，有助于更准确地把握文章内容和回答细节类问题。
14．问题：男发言人上周做了什么？根据"I took a career development course last week. Here are several tips that can help you find your ideal career path."我上周学了职业规划课，倒是有几个方法能帮你找到方向。可知，男发言人上周得到了关于职业规划的指导。故选A。
15．问题：男发言人向女发言人提了几条建议？根据"So what is the first tip "第一条是什么？；以及"The second is to find what you're good at."第二是发现你擅长的事。可知，男发言人向女发言人提了两条建议。故选B。
16．问题：弗兰克遇到了什么问题？根据"Yes. My friend Frank is a gifted singer, but he is too shy. He feels anxious in front of people. It seems that he doesn't enjoy the onstage performance."没错。我朋友弗兰克唱歌天赋异禀，却因性格腼腆，一站上舞台就紧张，显然并不享受表演。可知，弗兰克在舞台上表演会紧张。故选B。
17．问题：两位发言人在讨论什么？根据"Claire, when you were little, were you asked the question: What do you want to be when you grow older "克莱尔，你小时候被问过"长大想做什么"这个问题吗？可知，两位发言人在讨论职业规划。故选A。
【答案】18．B
19．C
20．B
【知识点】独白
【解析】【原文】You must have heard of sea animals' attacks. Do you know why those killer whales may attack boats off Spain and Portugal It's likely that the young killer whales simply play for fun in the high seas. The ocean is a very boring place for an animal, one of the researchers told USA Today. These whales are like teenagers with too much time on their hands. Similar to young people, those killer whales also follow the fashion and want to do what their friends do. In the late 1980s, whales were said to carry dead salmon around on their heads because others were doing it. Whale expert Naomi Rose calls it a sign of intelligence. It's a very sophisticated thing to do something for no purpose other than that it amuses you. Off the coast of Southern California, a shark aggressively bumped a surfer off his board. It happened on Sunday evening in the waters. The surfer was in panic but was not injured. He made it to the shore and told the lifeguards without delay that he saw a large object coming towards him. The shark encounter happened not only in the USA, but also in other countries. Australia and South Africa come in at number two and three, respectively.
【分析】本段独白主要介绍了海洋动物袭击事件。
【点评】考查独白理解。注意：注意听后连贯记忆检查，完成所有题目后，利用短暂的时间进行连贯记忆检查。回顾听力内容的主要框架和关键信息点，确保你的理解和答案是连贯且一致的。这有助于发现并纠正可能的错误或遗漏。注意边听边记要点，由于独白内容连贯且信息量大，仅凭记忆难以全面把握。因此，边听边记要点成为一项重要的解题技巧。可以使用简写、符号或图形等方式快速记录关键信息，如数字、时间、人名、地名以及表示因果、转折等关系的词汇。这有助于你在听后迅速回顾并整理信息。注意整体理解内容，不要试图逐字逐句地理解独白内容，而是要努力把握整体结构和主旨大意。通过捕捉关键信息点和逻辑关系，将听到的信息串联起来，形成对独白的整体理解。这有助于你更准确地回答问题，特别是那些需要综合判断和信息整合的题目。
18．问题：据发言人所述，虎鲸为何袭击船只？根据"It's likely that the young killer whales simply play for fun in the high seas."这些年轻的虎鲸很可能只是把公海当成了游乐场。可知，据发言人所述，虎鲸袭击船只可能只是为了取乐。故选B。
19．问题：周日傍晚南加州海岸发生了何事？根据"Off the coast of Southern California, a shark aggressively bumped a surfer off his board."而在南加州海岸，周日傍晚时分，一条鲨鱼凶狠地将冲浪者撞下冲浪板。可知，在南加州海岸的周日傍晚，一条鲨鱼凶狠地将冲浪者撞下冲浪板。故选C。
20．问题：在本次谈话中，哪个国家位列鲨鱼遭遇事件的第三位？ 根据"Australia and South Africa come in at number two and three, respectively." 澳大利亚和南非分别位列第二、三位。可知，在本次讨论中，南非位列鲨鱼遭遇事件的第三位。故选B。
【答案】21．C
22．A
23．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；日常生活类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是关于应对气候危机、社交网络言论自由及战争对现代医学影响的不同观点与策略。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和推理判断题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。
21．细节理解题。根据第一部分"The author argues that these strategies are failing because they provide inadequate opportunities for experimentation.(作者认为这些策略之所以失败，是因为它们没有提供足够的实验机会)"可知，作者认为应对气候危机的策略失败的原因是缺乏足够的实验机会。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据第二部分"Hate speech and false and misleading information may be legally protected, but placing limitations on the algorithms( 算 法) and artificial intelligence(AI) used to spread such speech would be beneficial and acceptable.(仇恨言论和虚假误导信息可能受到法律保护，但对用于传播此类言论的算法和人工智能进行限制将是有益且可接受的)"可知，作者主张通过法律限制有害信息的传播。故选A。
23．推理判断题。根据第三部分"It is one of the paradoxes of war that the enormous efforts put into harming people often give rise to medical breakthroughs and great progress in the treatment of the wounded.(战争的一个悖论是，投入大量精力伤害他人的同时，往往也会带来医学上的突破和伤员治疗方面的巨大进步。）可知，作者认为战争具有两面性，既有破坏性，也有推动医学进步的积极一面。故选A。
【答案】24．C
25．B
26．A
27．C
【知识点】词义猜测题；观点态度题；说明文；医疗保健类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了刚果民主共和国（DRC）猴痘疫情对儿童、孕妇和免疫系统较弱人群的影响，并分析了导致儿童易感的原因，提出了应对措施。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，词义猜测题，态度观点题和标题选择题四种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。做观点态度题时，掌握态度词汇，态度词汇是表达作者情感倾向和观点的重要工具。考生应掌握一些常见的态度词汇，如表示赞同的"approve"、"support"，表示反对的"oppose"、"criticize"，表示中立的"neutral"、"objective"等。在阅读文章时，注意这些词汇的出现，有助于快速判断作者的观点态度。寻找关键词和修饰语，关键词和修饰语是文章中表达作者观点和态度的重要线索。考生应重点关注那些与主题相关的动词、形容词和副词，以及它们所修饰的名词或句子。这些关键词和修饰语往往能够揭示作者的情感倾向和立场。推理作者意图，在阅读过程中，考生应善于从字里行间捕捉作者的意图。通过分析文章的叙述方式、论据的组织和论证的方法等，可以推断出作者的观点和态度。同时，要注意作者使用的修辞手法和语气，这些也是判断作者意图的重要依据。注意上下文逻辑关系。上下文逻辑关系是理解作者观点和态度的重要依据。考生应关注文章中句子之间、段落之间的逻辑关系，如因果、条件、对比等。通过分析这些逻辑关系，可以更好地理解作者的意图和观点。做标题选择题时，注意关注首尾句，首尾句往往包含段落或文章的核心信息，是判断标题是否准确的重要依据。利用关键词，文章中的关键词汇、短语或句子往往与标题有紧密联系，可以通过关键词汇的匹配来缩小选择范围。语境理解，理解文章的整体语境和作者的态度倾向，有助于准确把握文章的主旨和标题的选择方向。
24．细节理解题。根据第三段"Because of conflict, political instability and insecurity, large parts of the DRC have not had stable, consistent, sustained health responses or health prevention.(由于冲突、政治不稳定和不安全，刚果民主共和国大部分地区没有稳定、持续的健康应对措施或预防措施)"可知，选项A"缺乏医疗保健"是导致儿童易感的原因；根据第四段"exposure through contact with animals, which is a more common means of mpox transmission(通过与动物接触暴露，这是猴痘传播的常见途径)"可知，选项B"经常接触动物"是原因之一；根据第四段"In addition,children in any outbreak setting are already vulnerable given their immature and still-developing immune systems(此外，在任何疫情暴发环境中，儿童由于其免疫系统不成熟且仍在发育中，已经处于弱势)"可知，选项D"相对较弱的免疫系统"也是原因之一。而选项C"儿童人口众多"并未在文中提及，故选C。
25．词义猜测题。根据第六段"The symptoms of mpox are quite noticeable and unfortunately draw negative attention and treatment by society and health workers, which makes parents and caregivers hesitant to seek care.(猴痘的症状非常明显，不幸的是，这引起了社会和医务人员的负面关注和对待，这使得父母和照顾者犹豫是否寻求治疗)"可知，另一个可能阻止感染者得到他们应该得到的治疗的因素是与痘有关的歧视。所以划线词为"歧视"的意思。故选B。
26．态度观点题。根据第六段"The media, including international media, have been feeding into this- especially for African people with mpox – and it needs to stop.(包括国际媒体在内的媒体一直在助长这种情况——尤其是对患有猴痘的非洲人——这需要停止)"可知，作者对媒体的报道持批评态度。故选A。
27．标题选择题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了刚果民主共和国（DRC）猴痘疫情对儿童、孕妇和免疫系统较弱人群的影响，并分析了导致儿童易感的原因，提出了应对措施。故短文的标题为"刚果民主共和国儿童面临麻疹爆发的更大风险"。故选C。
【答案】28．A
29．C
30．D
31．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；说明文；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了巴西的微生物学家在传统奶酪样品中发现了三种新的益生菌菌株，这样未来的奶酪可能会更健康。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和段落大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做段落大意题时，注意确定主题句，主题句是段落中表达主要观点或思想的句子，通常位于段落的开头或结尾，偶尔也会出现在段落中间。由于主题句往往出现在段落的首尾，因此仔细阅读段落的首尾句是快速把握段落大意的有效方法。段落中的转折词和总结性语言常用来引入新的观点或总结段落内容，对理解段落大意至关重要。在理解段落信息的基础上，用简洁的语言概括段落的主要内容。
28．段落大意题。根据第二段"Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when eaten in food, may remain in the gut (肠道). People who have lots of — and lots of different types of — probiotic bacteria and yeasts in their gut are thought to have healthy microbiomes, i.e., microbial communities.(益生菌是活的微生物，在食物中食用时，可能会留在肠道中。肠道中有很多不同类型的益生菌和酵母菌的人被认为拥有健康的微生物群，即微生物群落)"以及第三段"A healthy gut microbiome is associated with good mental health, a strong immune system, regular gut movements and a lowered risk of many diseases and chronic conditions. Many so-called health foods are probiotic, including kombucha, miso, sauerkraut, kefir, Greek yogurt and other fermented (发酵的) or pickled (腌制的) foods.(健康的肠道微生物群与良好的心理健康、强大的免疫系统、规律的肠道运动以及患许多疾病和慢性疾病的风险降低有关。许多所谓的健康食品都是益生菌，包括康普茶、味噌、酸菜、开菲尔、希腊酸奶和其他发酵或腌制食品)"可知，这两段主要探讨的是目前人们已知的关于益生菌的知识。故选A。
29．细节理解题。根据第四段"Food scientist Cristian Mauricio, the first author of the study, said in a statement that these three strains were selected because they were believed "to have the best fermentative, enzymatic (酶) properties," according to previous research conducted at the Food Technology Institute.(该研究的第一作者、食品科学家克里斯蒂安·毛里西奥在一份声明中说，选择这三种菌株，是因为根据食品技术研究所之前的研究，人们认为它们‘具有最佳的发酵和酶促特性')"可知，Cristian Mauricio选择三种菌种作为研究对象是依据之前的研究结果，即Cristian Mauricio依据之前的研究结果来确定这项研究的研究对象。故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段"Furthermore, the bacteria seemed to inhibit the growth of disease-promoting microorganisms.(此外，这种细菌似乎还能抑制致病微生物的生长)"可知，这种益生菌还有抑制致病菌繁殖的能力。故选D。
31．推理判断题。根据最后一段"However, more researches are required before they can be used commercially.(然而，在商业化应用之前，还需要进行更多的研究)"可知，Cristian Mauricio会在益生菌方面做更多的研究。故选B。
【答案】32．A
33．A
34．B
35．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；学习教育类；议论文；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了通过体验学习科学的有效性，强调体验需结合结构化知识才能真正促进科学学习。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
32．细节理解题。由第二段中"But simply licking a lolly, or experiences such as kneading dough, playing with shadows actually doesn't help students to learn science. (然而，仅仅舔冰棍，或像揉面团、玩影子这样的体验，实际上并不能帮助学生学习科学知识。)"可知，作者认为仅仅通过舔冰棍或揉面团、玩影子等体验并不能帮助学生学习科学，因此作者认为这种方式是无效的。故选A。
33．细节理解题。由第三段中"The idea of learning through experiences has a long history. It's perhaps most closely associated with the work of educator John Dewey in the early 20th century. (通过实践经验来学习的理念有着悠久的历史。它或许与 20 世纪初教育家John Dewey的研究成果最为紧密相关。)"可知，作者认为通过体验学习的理论基础可能是20世纪一位教育家的著作。故选A。
34．推理判断题。由第五段中"However, there is a difference between having memories for events and having knowledge. For example, between having personally lived through the French Revolution and knowing what happened including its origin and effects, the latter involves a different type of memories – structured memories. (然而，拥有事件记忆和拥有知识之间存在差异。例如，亲身经历过法国大革命与了解法国大革命的发生过程及其起源和影响，后者涉及不同类型的记忆——结构化记忆。)"可知，作者提到法国大革命是为了说明对事件的记忆和拥有知识之间存在差异。因此，作者想要传达的是体验性记忆并不一定能导致知识的获得。故选B。
35．主旨大意题。根据第二段中"But simply licking a lolly, or experiences such as kneading dough, playing with shadows actually doesn't help students to learn science. (然而，仅仅舔冰棍，或像揉面团、玩影子这样的体验，实际上并不能帮助学生学习科学知识。)"和最后一段"If we want students to build up their knowledge of science and be able to use it in future, it's vital that the focus is on strategies that helped them to transform what they observe into structured knowledge. (如果我们想让学生积累科学知识并能在未来运用它，那么关键在于采用有助于他们将所观察到的事物转化为结构化知识的策略。)"可知，文章主要讨论了通过体验学习科学的效果和条件，指出仅仅通过体验并不能直接帮助学生学习科学，而需要将观察到的转化为结构化知识。因此，文章的主旨大意是：体验需要依靠一定的条件才能有益于科学学习。故选B。
【答案】36．E；37．C；38．B；39．G；40．F
【知识点】说明文；七选五；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了关于刷牙的一些常见误区。备选项的中文意思： A. 进食酸性食物后刷牙。B. 餐后立即刷牙。C. 牙医将指导您美白牙膏的使用频率。D. 约3700万美国人每年花费数十亿美元护理牙齿。E. 然而多数人错误的洁牙方式可能造成潜在伤害却不自知。F. 此时晚餐残渣在口腔腐败，细菌大肆滋生。G. 许多人误以为用力刷牙能清除更多细菌。
【点评】考查任务型阅读（七选五）。解题技巧如下：1. 看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义。2. 首先快速浏览一遍几个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。3. 精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。4. 看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。5. 解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though, however 等。6. 做完后，通读全文。将所选项放入空白处，通读一遍，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。
36．前文"It's an important step in our daily routine.(这是我们日常生活中重要的一步。)"讲述了刷牙是日常生活的重要事情，后文"Newsweek spoke to Dr. Smita Mehra, principal dentist at The Neem Tree Dental Practices, to find out what mistakes many of us are making when it comes to brushing our teeth and what we should be doing instead.(《新闻周刊》采访了印楝树牙科诊所的首席牙医Smita Mehra医生，以了解我们中的许多人在刷牙时犯了什么错误，以及我们应该做什么。)"提到了采访Smita Mehra医生以了解我们在刷牙时的错误，由此可知，空处应和刷牙错误有关，E项However, many of us are doing it wrong without noticing the potential damage it might cause."然而多数人错误的洁牙方式可能造成潜在伤害却不自知。"与前文形成转折，引出下文。故选E。
37．前文"If you want to use a whitening toothpaste, seek professional advice from dentists.(如果你想使用美白牙膏，请向牙医寻求专业建议。)"建议征求牙医的意见，空处应进一步说明牙医起的帮助作用，C项 They will direct you on how often you should be using whitening toothpaste. "牙医将指导您美白牙膏的使用频率。"符合题意。故选C。
38．根据下文"How many of you eat your breakfast then immediately go to the bathroom to brush your teeth (你们中有多少人吃完早餐后立即去洗手间刷牙？)"可知，本段主要讲述的是吃完饭后直接刷牙的错误行为，B项 Brushing your teeth immediately after eating "餐后立即刷牙。"符合题意。故选B。
39．根据前文"Brushing your teeth too hard(刷牙太用力)"和后文"But actually brushing too hard can contribute to worn enamel, which may contribute to sensitivity and gum (牙龈) disease in the long run.(但实际上，刷牙太用力会导致牙釉质磨损，从长远来看，这可能会导致敏感性和牙龈疾病。)"可知，本段主要讲述的是刷牙太用力的错误，且后文指出这会导致牙齿敏感和牙龈疾病，由后文的But此可知，空处应讲述一般人错误地认为刷牙要用力，与下文形成转折，G项Many people assume that by applying more pressure to the teeth, you are getting rid of more bacteria."许多人误以为用力刷牙能清除更多细菌。"符合题意。故选G。
40．前文"Never forget to brush before bedtime.(睡前别忘了刷牙。)"建议睡前刷牙，后文"In addition, while you sleep, the washing action of your mouth i.e., your saliva also reduces, and therefore not much cleaning happens naturally.(此外，当你睡觉时，口腔的清洁作用，即唾液也会减少，因此自然不会发生太多的清洁。)"补充说明了睡前必须刷牙的原因，由此可知，空处应与为什么睡前有必要刷牙有关系，F项 That is the time when all of your dinner goes bad in your mouth and bacteria are having a field day. " 此时晚餐残渣在口腔腐败，细菌大肆滋生。"符合题意，故选F。
【答案】41．D；42．A；43．B；44．C；45．A；46．B；47．D；48．B；49．C；50．A；51．A；52．B；53．C；54．D；55．D
【知识点】名词辨析；形容词的词义辨析；动词的词义辨析；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者第一次去波斯尼亚做志愿者，虽然一开始内心矛盾，但是最后积极的想法获胜了。从那以后，作者在许多其他国家完成了许多其他任务，在60岁之后找到了一个全新的生活。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。
41．句意：我很犹豫，因为它刚刚经历了一场战争。A. excited激动的；B. opposed反对的；C. nervous紧张的；D. hesitant犹豫的。根据后文"because it had just experienced a war."可知，作者对于去波斯尼亚感到犹豫，因为它刚刚经历了一场战争。故选D。
42．句意：艾伦继续告诉我，联合国那里急需志愿者。A. carried on继续；B. showed up露面；C. caught on理解；D. put up张贴。根据上文"One morning in 2001 Ellen phoned me and asked if I wanted to go to Bosnia."和后文内容"and told me that UN was badly in want of volunteers there."可知，艾伦继续告诉作者，联合国那里急需志愿者。故选A。
43．句意：那天剩下的时间里，我被相互矛盾的想法折磨着。A. pressing紧迫的；B. conflicting冲突的；C. frightening可怕的；D. striking惊人的。结合后文作者内心的想法，一方面认为波斯尼亚危险，一方面自己喜欢挑战，可知内心的想法很矛盾冲突。故选B。
44．句意：然后其他的想法闪过我的脑海。A. schedules时间表；B. practices实践；C. thoughts想法；D. images图像。呼应后文"thoughts won."指其它想法。故选C。
45．句意：如果我拒绝了邀请，我可能再也没有机会了。A. turned down拒绝；B. set aside留出；C. left out遗漏；D. took up从事。根据后文"I may never get another chance."可知，此处是在假设拒绝邀请的情况。故选A。
46．句意：最后，积极的想法获胜了。A. former以前的；B. positive积极的；C. terrible糟糕的；D. awful糟糕的。根据后文"a plane to Tuzla, Bosnia where I spent three interesting weeks."可知，作者还是去了波斯尼亚做志愿者，可见是积极的想法获胜了。故选B。
47．句意：几周后，我登上了飞往波斯尼亚图兹拉的飞机，在那里度过了有趣的三周。A. reserved预定；B. guided指导；C. piloted驾驶；D. boarded搭乘，登上。根据后文"a plane to Tuzla, Bosnia"指登上了飞往波斯尼亚图兹拉的飞机，应用boarded。故选D。
48．句意：我回来后，有人问我是否愿意回来参加另一个任务。A. battle战争；B. mission任务；C. game游戏；D. duty义务。结合上文作者去波斯尼亚当志愿者和此处"participate in another"可知指参加另一项任务，应用mission。后文"many other tasks"也是提示。故选B。
49．句意：我让乐观的思想战胜消极的思想已经20年了。A. compare比较；B. exchange交换；C. defeat打败；D. balance平衡。根据后文"I have finished many other tasks in many other countries since then."可知，作者在许多其他国家完成了许多其他任务，可见让乐观的思想战胜消极的思想已经20年了。故选C。
50．句意：当我接受第一次波斯尼亚任务时，我已经去过三个国家。A. accepted接受；B. refused拒绝；C. signed署名；D. shared分享。根据后文"my first Bosnia assignment"以及上文可知，作者接受了当时的波斯尼亚任务。故选A。
51．句意：我继续在国际上做志愿者，现在已经五十八个国家了。A. internationally国际地；B. deliberately故意地；C. randomly随便地；D. occasionally偶尔。根据上文"I had traveled to three foreign countries."可知，作者是国际志愿者。故选A。
52．句意：我继续在国际上做志愿者，现在已经五十八个国家了。A. age年纪；B. count计数；C. degree程度；D. mark标志。结合后文"fifty-eight."指作者去过的国家，计数是58个。故选B。
53．句意：如果我在2001年听到内心的声音告诉我不要冒险，我就不会讲这个故事了。A. proposal提议；B. option选择；C. voice声音；D. echo回音。根据后文"inside telling me not to take a risk,"可知，此处指内心的声音告诉作者不要冒险。后文"I followed the voice"也是提示。故选C。
54．句意：如果我在2001年听到内心的回声告诉我不要冒险，我就不会讲这段经历了。A. legend传奇；B. war战争；C. dream梦想；D. experience经历。结合文章内容可知，作者讲述了自己从事国际志愿者的经历。故选D。
55．句意：幸运的是，我听从了那个说"接受吧"的声音，我在60岁之后找到了一个全新的生活！A. See看见；B. Finish结束；C. Help帮助；D. Take带走，接受。结合上文内容可知，作者最后还是接受了去波斯尼亚的任务，应用take表示"接受"。故选D。
【答案】56．for；57．highlights；58．unexpected；59．frozen；60．panicked；61．impractical；62．using；63．where；64．the；65．Though
【知识点】作前置定语；可数名词；简单介词；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者寒假和朋友去山上，结果摔倒，腿流血严重。多亏了冷静应对，最终得救。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及介词，名词，形容词，时态，定语从句，冠词，连词以及状语从句等多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。语法填空实用解题策略如下。一、分析句子结构。在面对语法填空题时，首先要做的是分析句子的结构。观察句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，以及是否有从句、非谓语动词等复杂结构。通过理解句子结构，可以更好地把握填空处所需的词性和功能。二、确定词性变化。根据句子结构和语境，确定填空处所需的词性。然后，根据语法规则，考虑所需的词性是否需要进行变化，如名词的单复数、动词的时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。确保所填词汇在语法上与句子其他部分相匹配。三、牢记固定搭配。英语中存在大量的固定搭配和短语，这些搭配在语法填空题中经常出现。因此，需要牢记常见的固定搭配和短语，以便在解题时能够迅速识别并正确填空。四、注意时态语态。时态和语态是英语语法填空的重要考点。在解题时，要注意根据句子的语境和上下文，判断所需动词的时态和语态。同时，也要注意时态和语态的一致性，确保所填词汇与句子的时态和语态相符。五、理解上下文语境。语境对于语法填空题的解答至关重要。通过理解句子的上下文，可以更好地理解填空处所需的词汇和语法结构。因此，在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的前后文，把握句子的整体意义，以便更好地填空。六、利用常识和逻辑。在某些情况下，可以利用常识和逻辑来解答语法填空题。例如，根据常识判断所填词汇是否符合常理，或者根据逻辑判断所填词汇是否与前后的句子内容相符合。通过利用常识和逻辑，可以更加准确地填空。
56．句意：在我的寒假里，我和我的朋友们去了山上。此处表示"前往某地"，be bound for，固定短语，符合语境。故填for。
57．句意：我们这次旅行的亮点之一应该是一次具有挑战性的徒步旅行。 highlight，亮点，可数名词。此处为固定搭配one of+可数名词复数，表示"...之一"，故空处应用highlight的复数形式。故填highlights。
58．句意：然而，当我在结冰的小溪上滑倒时，事情发生了意想不到的转变。 expect，期待，动词。空处在句中做前置定语修饰名词turn，空处表示"出乎意料的"，unexpected，形容词，符合语境。故填unexpected。
59．句意：然而，当我在结冰的小溪上滑倒时，事情发生了意想不到的转变。freeze，结冰，动词。空处在句中做前置定语修饰名词stream，空处表示"结冰的"，frozen，形容词，符合语境。故填frozen。
60．句意：我的腿流血严重，在场的每个人都惊慌失措。 panic，惊慌，动词。空处为句子的谓语，根据时态呼应原则以及bled可知，空处谓语时态为一般过去时，故空处应用动词panic的过去式。故填panicked。
61．句意：在那个偏远地区，呼救是不现实的。 practical，实用的/实际的，形容词。空处在句中做表语，空处表示"不现实的"，impractical，形容词，符合语境。故填impractical。
62．句意：我的朋友们很快用树枝和夹克衫做了一个担架。use，使用/用法，动词&名词。空处为非谓语且在句中作状语，动词use与其逻辑主语My friends构成逻辑上的主动关系，故空处应用现在分词作状语。故填using。
63．句意：他们抬着我下山好几个小时，直到我们到达最近的村庄，当地人帮我清洗并包扎伤口。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为village，在非限制性定语从句中做地点状语，故空处应用关系副词where。故填where。
64．句意：这次经历教会了我在紧急情况下保持冷静的重要性和真正友谊的价值。此处特指"在紧急情况下保持冷静的重要性"，应用定冠词。故填the。
65．句意：虽然我的腿上还有一个伤疤，但它使我想起了那天我所受到的友爱。分析句子内部语义上的逻辑关系可知，此处表示让步关系，故空处表示"虽然"though/although/while，从属连词，引导让步状语从句，符合语境，句首首字母应大写。故填Though/Although/While。
66．【答案】范文
A Rewarding Lecture on First Aid Knowledge
Last Friday, our school invited professional rescue workers to give a lecture on first aid knowledge, which covered essential skills such as CPR, wound treatment, and how to handle emergencies like choking or fainting. The rescuers demonstrated each step clearly, making it easy for students to understand.
After the lecture, students participated in practical activities. We paired up to practice CPR on each other and learned how to use bandages correctly. These hands-on experiences helped us gain confidence in applying what we had learned.
Students found the lecture highly beneficial. Many said it was not only informative but also practical. Overall, it was a rewarding experience that left everyone feeling more prepared for emergencies.
【知识点】文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以校英语报通讯员的身份写一篇关于急救知识和技能讲座的英文报道 。写作背景：考生的学校于上周五邀请专业的救援工作者为同学们开展了急救知识和技能讲座。内容包括：1. 阐述讲座的具体内容；2. 阐述讲座后的活动；3. 阐述同学们的评价。注意：1. 时态为一般过去时；2.注意不要遗漏写作要点，详略得当，可适当拓展，突出写作重点；3. 注意语句表达规范流畅，逻辑正确，条理清晰，语义连贯；4. 不能使用真实的名称；5. 写作词数为80个词左右。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使作文显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇书面表达表达上要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用了一定数量的句式结构，让句子表达更加生动传神，同时使用了较多的高级词汇和固定短语，提高了文章的档次，体现了对英语书面表达熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Last Friday, our school invited professional rescue workers to give a lecture on first aid knowledge, which covered essential skills such as CPR, wound treatment, and how to handle emergencies like choking or fainting. （运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）；The rescuers demonstrated each step clearly, making it easy for students to understand.（运用了现在分词短语作状语）； We paired up to practice CPR on each other and learned how to use bandages correctly. （运用了"疑问词+动词不定式"做宾语）； These hands-on experiences helped us gain confidence in applying what we had learned. （运用了what引导的宾语从句）； Many said it was not o
