核心词汇 1．disease n．病，疾病 2．moreover adv．此外，而且 3．reduce vt．减少，缩小 4．routine n．常规，惯例 adj．常规的，例行的；乏味的 5．jogging n．慢跑锻炼 6．skiing n．滑雪(运动) 7．pull-up n．引体向上 8．stretch vt．& vi．伸展，舒展；拉长；伸出；(使)延伸 9．range n．(变动或浮动的)范围，界限，区间；一系列 10．movement n．活动，转动；移动；运动 11．average n．平均水平，一般水准 adj．平均的；典型的 12．throughout prep．自始至终；各处，遍及 13．sweat n．汗水 vt．& vi．出汗，流汗 14．prevent vt．阻止，阻碍 15．maintain vt．维持；维修，保养 16．update vt．使现代化，更新；向……提供最新信息 n．最新消息 17．replace vt．用……替换；代替，取代；更换，更新 18．champion n．冠军，第一名 19．court n．球场；法院，法庭；宫廷 20．plus conj．而且，此外 prep．加；和 21．nearby adj．附近的，邻近的 adv．在附近，不远 22．partner n．搭档，同伴；伙伴；合伙人 23．position n．处境；位置；姿势；观点；地位 24．nowadays adv．现今，现在
阅读词汇 1．bat n．蝙蝠；球棒，球板 vt．& vi．用球棒(板)击球 2．immune adj．有免疫力；不受影响的；免除的 3．aerobic adj．有氧的；需氧的 4．tai chi n．太极拳，太极 5．carbohydrate n．碳水化合物，糖类 6．crane n．鹤 7．rooster n．雄鸡 8．imitate vt．模仿；仿效 9．philosophy n．哲学 10．unity n．统一体，联合体，整体；团结一致，联合，统一
拓展词汇 1．congratulation n．祝贺，恭喜；贺词；恭贺→congratulate vt．祝贺 2．assume vt．假定，认为；承担(责任)，就(职)；呈现，显露→assumption n．假定；设想 3．tend vi．往往会；趋向 vt．照看→tendency n．趋势；倾向；偏好 4．energy n．能，能量；精力；能源→energetic adj．精力充沛的，充满活力的 5．injury n．伤害，损伤→injure vt．伤害，损伤→injured adj．受伤的 6．equipment n．配备，装备；设备→equip v．配备；装备 7．lack vi．& vt．缺乏，没有，不足，短缺 n．缺乏，匮乏，短缺→lacking adj．没有的；缺乏的；不足的 8．announce vt．宣布，宣告；通知→announcement n．宣布，宣告；通知→announcer n．播音员；宣告者 9．hesitate vi．犹豫，迟疑→hesitation n．犹豫，迟疑→hesitant adj．犹豫的，踌躇的 10．admit vt．& vi．承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入→admission n．允许进入；承认；入场费 11．inspire vt．激励，鼓舞；启发思考；使产生(感觉或情感)→inspiration n．灵感；鼓舞人心的人(或事物)→inspired adj．受鼓舞的→inspiring adj．鼓舞人心的 12．explore vt．& vi．探究，探索；勘探，勘察→exploration n．探险；探索，探究→explorer n．探险者
高频短语 1．stick with 持续，坚持 2．make up for 弥补，补偿 3．in response to 对……作出反应；作为对……的回复 4．no wonder 不足为奇，并不奇怪 5．prevent...from... 阻止…… 6．to start with 首先，作为开始 7．get over 克服 8．play a role in 在……中发挥作用/扮演角色 9．keep up保持，维持 10．do wonders创造奇迹，产生神奇作用 11．over the long term长期 12．put the finishing touches to对……进行最后的润色或修饰 13．under the weather略有不适，不舒服 14．be rooted in起源于 15．have an effect on对……有影响
句型公式 1．Working out can help you reduce stress and get over negative feelings．(动词-ing形式短语作主语) 锻炼可以帮助你减轻压力，克服负面情绪。 2．When you plan an exercise routine，the first thing to consider is what you expect to improve：heart and lung efficiency，muscle strength or flexibility．(the＋序数词＋n．＋to do...) 制订锻炼计划时，首先要考虑的是你期望在哪些方面有所改善：心肺功能，肌肉力量还是柔韧性。 3．Zhang Sanfeng，a 13th-century Taoist，was said to have invented tai chi after drawing inspiration from a fight between a snake and a bird．(sb．＋be＋动词-ed形式＋to do...) 传说13世纪时，一个叫张三丰的道士从蛇与鸟的缠斗中汲取灵感，创造了太极拳。 4．Tai chi has taught me to relax my mind，enabling me to stay cool in stressful situations．(动词-ing形式短语作结果状语) 太极拳教会了我放松头脑，让我在紧张的情况下能保持冷静。
Almost all of us assume that regular exercise does 1．wonders(wonder) for us．Now，let's look at the benefits in detail．Firstly，2．doing (do) exercise can make our heart and lungs stronger over 3．the long term．Studies also show that working out can help us reduce stress and get over negative thoughts．In a word，exercise is good for our body and mind．
There're different kinds of activities．Aerobic activities，like jogging and skiing，can develop heart and lungs．Strength training，such as pull-ups and weightlifting，4．increases (increase) muscle strength and encourages bone development．Flexibility training，5．including (include) gymnastics and tai chi，helps stretch your muscles 6．and improve your body's range of movement．Tai chi is deeply rooted in the Chinese philosophy of yin and yang 7．which cannot exist independently of each other．
Do choose your favourite activities and stick with it．When exercising，you must wear proper clothes and equipment 8．to avoid (avoid) injuries．Remember to drink to make up 9．for water lost to sweat．Gradually，you will find，to your 10．satisfaction (satisfy)，that you have better immune systems and are at lower risk of diseases．
1．tend vi．往往会；趋向 vt．照看
①(北师大版选择性必修第四册Unit 11) Being single，Ma Ming often held parties at night，but the biggest problem was his tendency (tend) to drum late at night．
②The lamb had become separated from its mother，so I jumped out of the tractor to tend to it while Don stayed in his seat．
③Some educators tend to believe(believe)that practical skills are as important as academic knowledge．
读后续写之主旨升华
毋庸置疑，机遇和成功往往青睐那些有准备的人。
Undoubtedly，opportunities and success tend to favour those who are ready．
◎tend (to) sb．/sth．照料/护理某人/物
◎tend to do sth．易于做某事；往往会做某事
◎have/there is a tendency to do sth．倾向于做某事
◎(改编自《华尔街日报》) Whenever I tend to complain and quit，I watch him push himself to his own limits．
每当我倾向于抱怨并且想放弃时，我就会看看他挑战他自己的极限。
2．range n．(变动或浮动的)范围，界限，区间；一系列
①(外研版选择性必修第三册Unit 2)Nor was it a wide range of contacts and connections．
②That car，whose price is 30，000 dollars，is out of my (I) range，so I have to give it up．
③For persons who are able to develop an immune response，the death rate is usually within/in the range of 10%－15%.
一句多译
他有很多业余爱好，从下棋到游泳。
①He has a number of interests，which range from playing chess to swimming．(使用定语从句)
②He has a number of interests，ranging from playing chess to swimming．(使用分词短语)
◎a wide range of广泛的；多种的；大范围的
◎within/in the range of在……范围内
◎beyond/out of range在射程外；在范围外
◎(2025年1月·八省高考适应性考试)The temporary exhibition gallery has a wide range of art，craft(工艺) and local history exhibitions which changes every month．
临时展览馆有各种各样的艺术、工艺以及当地历史展览，这些展览每月都会更换。
3．lack n．缺乏，匮乏，短缺 vi．& vt．没有，缺乏，不足，短缺
①(外研版选择性必修第三册Unit 1)Obsessive online photo editing indicates a lack of self-confidence and a desire for attention．
②It was unthinkable that a virus would shut down nations and that safety nets would be proven so disastrously lacking (lack) in flexibility．
句式升级
(普通表达)He failed the driving test for lack of confidence．
(高级表达) Lack of/Lacking confidence accounted for his failure in the driving test．
◎lack sth．缺少某物
◎(a/the) lack of缺乏……
◎lacking adj．短缺的；缺乏的
◎be lacking in缺少……
◎Though lacking (for) cooking experience，the twins made up for it by turning to the Internet for some advice．
尽管缺乏烹饪经验，但这对双胞胎通过上网寻求建议来弥补。
4．hesitate vi．犹豫，迟疑
①(外研版选择性必修第四册Unit 2)She resists instinctively；and，in their hesitation (hesitate)，the DOVE escapes and flies away．
②If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school，Wilson never hesitates to buy (buy) them a meal．
应用文写作之招募启事
如果你对英语充满热情又头脑敏锐，请不要迟疑加入辩论队。
If you are enthusiastic about English and have a sharp mind，don't hesitate to join the debate team．
◎hesitate to do sth．犹豫做某事；不愿做某事
◎hesitate about/over (doing) sth．(做)某事犹豫不决
◎without hesitation毫不犹豫地
◎(改编自《华尔街日报》) Maybe noticing my hesitation to tell the truth，the girl gave me a knowing smile and left．
也许是注意到我不情愿说出真相，女孩会心一笑，走开了。
5．admit vt．& vi．承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入
①The youngsters admitted to planning (plan) trips around potential photo-opportunities and then messaging friends to demand “likes”for their online posts．
②It's said that history is written by the victors，and those victors set the standards for admission (admit) to the genius club．
③Tom applied for admission to the graduate program at Northwestern University but wasn't admitted to/into it at last．
句式升级
(普通表达)People generally believe that Mount Huangshan is a must to visit while you're travelling in China．
(高级表达)It is generally admitted that Mount Huangshan is a must to visit while you're travelling in China．
◎admit (to) (doing/having done) sth．承认(做了)某事
◎be admitted to/into...被……录取；被允许进入……
◎It is generally/widely admitted that...公认……；通常认为……
◎admission n．准许进入；入场费
◎(2023·全国甲卷)It is widely admitted/acknowledged that Fan Zhongyan is one of the most influential Chinese historical figures．
人们普遍认为范仲淹是中国历史上最有影响力的人物之一。
6．make up for 弥补，补偿
①(人教版必修第二册Unit 4) And down by the sea，the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds make up the music of the coast．
②She was sincere and genuine in her wish to make up for her former mistakes．
应用文写作之建议信
我强烈建议我们的英语电影欣赏课程应该由欣赏这部电影、谈论精彩的电影台词和配音组成。
I strongly suggest that our English film appreciation course (should) be made up of enjoying the film，talking about wonderful movie lines and dubbing．
◎make up 编造；组成；整理；弥补；和好
◎be made up of由……组成/构成
◎make for走向，导致，有助于
◎make out(勉强)辨认出，听出；弄清；理解
◎(2022·全国乙卷)Only a small percentage of students learn by looking through websites，which make up 12%．
只有一小部分学生通过浏览网站来学习，占比12%。
7．in response to 对……作出反应；作为对……的回复
①(北师大版选择性必修第三册Unit 8) A human voice responded to ours!
②Receiving a letter doesn't mean you need to make a response (respond) to it．
应用文写作之建议信
不要回复任何要求提供个人信息的电子邮件，不管它们看起来多么正式。
Don't respond to any e-mails requesting personal information，no matter how official they look．
◎make a response to对……作出回应
◎respond to回答/回应……
◎(改编自《泰晤士报》)She made no response to the schoolmaster，which made me boil with anger．
她没有回应校长，这使我非常生气。
8．[教材原句]Tai chi has taught me to relax my mind，enabling me to stay cool in stressful situations．太极拳教会了我放松头脑，让我在紧张的情况下能保持冷静。
①Once，when trying a certain trick on the beam，I fell onto the stones，damaging (damage) a nerve in my hand．
②Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations，greatly reducing (reduce) waterfowl habitat．
读后续写之情感描写
本打算轻松一下，吃一顿特别的饭菜，结果却发现周围烟雾缭绕，没有什么比这更糟糕的了。
There is nothing worse than trying to relax and eat a special meal only to find clouds of cigarette smoke drifting over you．
◎句中的enabling me to stay cool...是动词-ing形式短语作结果状语。动词-ing形式作结果状语时，一般表示必然的、自然而然的结果。另外，动词不定式，特别是only to do...形式也可作结果状语，但一般表示意想不到的结果。
◎(2022·全国乙卷)Some mornings，Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold．
有些早晨，罗莎蒙德和多萝茜到达校舍时，发现孩子们在寒冷中哭泣。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．Residents here wouldn't hesitate to call (call) the police at the first sign of trouble．
2．Tim is still hesitating about whether to take (take) the job．It's really a difficult decision for him．
3．Being admitted (admit) to a good university doesn't necessarily mean you will succeed in your future life．
4．It is assumed (assume) that global warming and climate change may cause even more disasters in the future．
5．Cattle tend to be kept (keep) in remote places and their value has risen，making them appealing targets．
6．The national park has a large collection of wildlife，ranging (range) from butterflies to elephants．
7．The powerful earthquake caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday，killing (kill) more than 6，500 people．
8．You need to know that having fine grades and test results does not guarantee admission (admit) to a top university in the United States．
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．average
A．adj．平均的 B．adj．普通的 C．n．平均数；平均水平 D．v．平均为；计算出……的平均数
(1)(2023·全国乙卷) The Chinese coach transformed Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the world，helping her skyrocket from an average member of the national team to the top of the sport． B
(2)(2024·全国甲卷)Each stop lasts an average of two days，and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural (乡村) populations with basic medical care，X-ray scans and prescriptions． C
(3)Drivers in London can expect to average about 12 miles per hour when driving．
D
(4)(2022·浙江1月卷)The average peak workload was measured at 103 watts．
A
2．(2023·浙江1月卷)I followed beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle． B
A．伸展 B．一片地域 C．(终点)直道
3．And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds surrounding the mountain tops，he was reduced to tears． C
A．减少 B．缩小
C．使……陷入某种状态中
4．Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally acceptable． A
A．作品 B．创造 C．宇宙
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．我能说一口流利的英语，而且我是班上唯一出国深造过的学生。毫无疑问我是负责这项工作的最佳人选。
I can speak fluent English and I am the only student in my class to go abroad for further study．There is no doubt that I am the best person to be responsible for the job．
2．得知你已被北京大学录取，我写信向你送出真诚的祝贺。
Learning that you have been admitted into/to Peking University，I am writing to offer sincere congratulations to you．
3．虽然有些人倾向于忽视那些需要帮助的人，但还是有很多善良的人愿意伸出援助之手。
While a few people tend to ignore those in need，there are many kind-hearted ones who are willing to lend a hand．
4．据说，他在中国学习汉语已经两年了。
It is said that he has learned Chinese/He is said to have learned Chinese in China for two years．
假定你是李华，你的笔友林涛来信说，因学习忙、锻炼少，他最近经常生病，这也影响了他的学习。请你给他写一封英文回信，内容包括：1．锻炼的重要性；2．提出锻炼建议。
写作微练
①得知你这几天身体不舒服，我写信是为了表达我对你的关心，并给你一些建议。
I know that you have been under the weather for days，and I am writing to show my concern for you and offer you some advice．
②锻炼可以改善你的免疫系统，还可以让你每天充满活力。
Working out can improve your immune system and make you full of energy every day．
③只有在你健康状况良好的时候，你才能继续学习，提高学习效率。
Only when in good health can you carry on studying and increase your study efficiency．
④我建议你每天至少进行一个小时的锻炼，并制定一个详细的锻炼时间表，这可以帮助你坚持锻炼的习惯。
I suggest that you take at least one hour's exercise every day，and make a detailed schedule for your exercise，which can help you stick with an exercise routine．
⑤加入一个你学校的体育俱乐部可能是个好主意，因为俱乐部的伙伴可以激励你定期锻炼。
It might be a good idea to join a sports club in your school，for the partners in the club can inspire you to work out regularly．
⑥我希望我的建议能对你有所帮助。如果你有任何问题，请随时联系我。
I hope you will find my advice helpful．If you have any question，don't hesitate to contact me．
句式升级
⑦用分词短语作状语升级句①
Knowing that you have been under the weather for days，I am writing to show my concern for you and offer you some advice．
⑧用not only...but also...升级句②
Working out can not only improve your immune system but also make you full of energy everyday．
⑨用do强调谓语升级句⑥
I do hope you will find my advice helpful．If you have any question，don't hesitate to contact me．
妙笔成篇
Dear Lin Tao，
Knowing that you have been under the weather for days，I am writing to show my concern for you and offer you some advice．
To begin with，working out can not only improve your immune system but also make you full of energy everyday．Only when in good health can you carry on studying and increase your study efficiency．What's more/Moreover，I suggest that you take at least one hour's exercise every day，and make a detailed schedule for your exercise，which can help you stick with an exercise routine．Last but not least，it might be a good idea to join a sports club in your school，for the partners in the club can inspire you to work out regularly．
I do hope you will find my advice helpful．If you have any question，don't hesitate to contact me．
Yours，
Li Hua
语料积累
教材语料 亮词 hesitate；satisfaction；injury；ache；stretch；sweat；lack；announce；replace；admit；inspire；breathe；stick with；in response to
美句 1．Like cars that run on petrol，your body burns carbohydrates for energy． 2．When my friend first suggested that we join the new Tai Chi Club at school，I hesitated． 3．Just as importantly，practising tai chi has inspired me to explore the Chinese culture behind it．
拓展语料 单词 comfort n．舒适；舒适的设施(或条件)；安慰；令人安慰的人(或事物) v．宽慰；pat v．轻拍；爱抚；hug v．拥抱；抱住 n．拥抱；cheer v．喝彩；欢呼；加油；鼓舞 n．欢呼声；加油歌；relieve vt．解除；缓解→relief n．宽慰；解脱；applaud v．鼓掌；称赞→applause n．掌声；喝彩
语块 pat sb．on the shoulder轻拍某人的肩膀；throw one's arms around sb．tightly without hesitation毫不犹豫地紧紧搂住某人；stroke one's hair轻抚某人的头发；reach out one's hand伸出手；wipe out tears from sb．'s cheek擦去某人脸上的眼泪
句型 1．Just as I was about to give up，my teacher cast an encouraging glance at me． 正当我要放弃时，老师向我投来鼓励的目光。 2．“But you will be a beautiful narrator，”she said，throwing her arms around me tightly without hesitation． “但你会成为一个美丽的叙述者，”她说着，毫不犹豫地紧紧搂住了我。 3．Whenever I was about to give up，her encouraging words would come to my mind，inspiring me to try again． 每当我准备放弃的时候，她鼓励的话语就会浮现在我的脑海里，激励我再试一次。 4．Whenever he was exhausted，Eddie's words echoed in/flashed into/popped into his mind，and instilled a surge of power into him． 每当他筋疲力尽时，艾迪的话就会在他脑中回响/掠过他的脑海/跳进他的脑海，并为他注入力量。
①受教练的激励，我参加了学校举办的网球比赛。(过去分词短语作状语)
Inspired by my coach，I took part in the tennis match held in my school．
②在第一轮比赛中，由于对手的分数比我高得多，我感到越来越沮丧。(frustrated)
In the first round，I was increasingly frustrated as my opponent's score was much higher than mine．
③正当我要放弃的时候，我听到有人叫我的名字。转过身，我发现老师正向我投来鼓励的目光。(分词短语作宾补)
Just as I was about to give up，I heard someone calling my name．Turning around，I found my teacher casting an encouraging glance at me．
④突然我感到一股力量注入了我的身体。我比之前做得好了，但我还是落后。(无灵主语)
Suddenly I felt a surge of power instilled into my body．I did better than before，but I still fell behind．
⑤休息时，教练走近我，轻拍我的肩膀，说：“加油，我的孩子，我相信你能做到。记住，世上无难事，只怕有心人。”
At break，my coach approached me and patted me on the shoulder，saying，“Come on，my boy．I believe you can make it．Bear in mind that nothing is difficult to a willing heart．”
课时数智作业(十一)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A 篇(限时6分钟)
(2024·湖南衡阳八中模拟)
In the heart of the Cyclades，Mykonos has long been an attraction for visitors．The beaches on the island's south-west coast are among the Mediterranean's best wild-party scenes，but head east and travelers will find something quite different．Here，the crowds slowly fade away，revealing what originally made the island famous：its beauty with rocky coastline and sandy bays．
Fokos Bay
Park your vehicle in the dirt lot and climb over the low dunes (沙丘) to find perfect little Fokos Bay，where deep，sheltered waters offer delightful swimming for all ages．Once you've worked up a bit of an appetite，head on over to the famous Greek cafe overlooking the sand for a lazy seafood lunch．
Mersini Beach
Head west around the headland to the next beach along—the Mersini Beach，which is usually the least-crowded on Mykonos．Bring your own sun mat and even an umbrella as this beach is completely wild and raw．
Agrari Beach
If getting your own wheels isn't an option，Agrari is only a 15-minute walk east of the more famous Elia Beach and on the south coast beach ferry(渡轮) route．It's one of the closest uncrowded beaches to Hora，Mykonos'main town，and home to a restaurant that provides sunbeds and drinks and snacks．
Kalafati Beach
In the far south-east，about seven miles from Mykonos town，the Kalafati Beach is beloved for its steady winds that blow the sails of windsurfers and kite surfers．Rent boards and get lessons right at the beach at Windsurfing Mykonos．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了Mykonos岛的几个海滩，并描述了每个海滩的特点和氛围。
1．What can be done in Fokos Bay？( )
A．Get surfing lessons．
B．Take car rides on dirt tracks．
C．Rent sun mats and umbrellas．
D．Sample the delights of seafood．
D [细节理解题。根据Fokos Bay部分可知，在Fokos Bay，如果你感觉饿了，可以享受一顿慵懒的海鲜午餐，由此可知，在Fokos Bay，你可以品尝海鲜的美味。故选D项。]
2．What feature does Mersini Beach have？( )
A．It's service-free．
B．It's heavily populated．
C．It's on a coast beach ferry route．
D．It's within easy reach of Hora．
A [细节理解题。根据Mersini Beach部分可知，Mersini海滩是最不拥挤的海滩，这个海滩完全是荒野和原始的，由此可知，该海滩的特殊之处是它是免费的。故选A项。]
3．Which beach is perfect for wind sports？( )
A．Fokos Bay． B．Mersini Beach．
C．Agrari Beach． D．Kalafati Beach．
D [细节理解题。根据Kalafati Beach部分中的“In the far south-east，about seven miles from Mykonos town，the Kalafati Beach is beloved for its steady winds that blow the sails of windsurfers and kite surfers．”可知，Kalafati海滩因其稳定的风而受到喜爱，这些风吹着帆船和冲浪者的帆，由此可知，Kalafati海滩最适合风帆运动。故选D项。]
B 篇(限时7分钟)
(2025·河北邯郸模拟)
As social creatures，research has historically pointed us away from time alone．But recently，more people are spending time away from the crowd，and even seem to desire it．In Solitude (独处)—The science and power of being alone，a book co-written by Heather Hansen，an award-winning journalist and author，with the researcher Thuy-vy Nguyen，they set out to understand how everyday solitude affects people's lives．
In the largest study of its kind，thousands aged between 13 and 85 participated in online surveys．When thinking of the word “solitude”，some will think of a determined hiker alone in the wilderness．Most people described experiences of solitude achieved while，for example，walking in a park or writing a journal．Surprisingly，some described solitude as having a psychological distance from others，but not necessarily a physical one．
In several separate experiments，Nguyen found that when people spend 15 minutes alone，there is a “deactivation effect”，meaning “high excitement”emotions like anxiety are decreased，while positive “low excitement”feelings like calmness are increased，which wasn't seen when people spent 15 minutes with another person．One caveat is that sometimes solitude also increases the negative low excitement feeling of loneliness．However，a further experiment showed that this increase could be weakened when individuals chose to think about positive thoughts or when they were given a choice whether to spend time alone．
The list doesn't end there，though．Several studies link time alone and creativity，but only when people avoid social interactions because of what is known as a “non-fearful”preference for solitude．On the other hand，there is no such link in those whose fear or anxiety prevents them from interacting with others，or those who disliked social interactions because of avoidance．
Now think about the next time you will be on your own．Will you enjoy or suffer it As evidence increases for how time alone can be a positive force in shaping our lives，Hansen and her colleagues recommend planning for it and protecting it．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了独处对人们生活的积极影响，包括提高创造力和帮助人们更好地规划自己的生活。
4．What is the survey in paragraph 2 mainly about？( )
A．When solitude is needed．
B．What solitude is like．
C．How solitude affects people's lives．
D．How people make the best of solitude．
B [推理判断题。根据第二段中“When thinking of the word ‘solitude’，some will think of a determined hiker alone in the wilderness...some described solitude as having a psychological distance from others，but not necessarily a physical one．”可知，该研究主要讨论的是独处的表现形式，即“独处是什么样子的”。故选B。]
5．What does the underlined word “caveat”in paragraph 3 mean？( )
A．Trap． B．Bonus．
C．Warning． D．Prediction．
C [词义猜测题。根据上文“In several separate experiments...which wasn't seen when people spent 15 minutes with another person．”可知，上文提到独处的好处，结合下文“sometimes solitude also increases the negative low excitement feeling of loneliness”可知，此处的意思是独处不仅会增加积极的低兴奋感，也会增加消极的低兴奋感，这是值得警醒的事情。故选C。]
6．According to the studies，time alone will boost creativity for those who ．( )
A．prefer to take risks
B．choose to be alone without fear
C．dislike social interactions
D．enjoy negative emotions
B [细节理解题。根据第四段中“Several studies link time alone and creativity，but only when people avoid social interactions because of what is known as a ‘non-fearful'preference for solitude．”可知，只有那些因为“非恐惧”的偏好而选择独处的人，独处时间才会提高他们的创造力。故选B。]
7．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？( )
A．The Power of One
B．The Profit of Socializing
C．The Urge to Live Alone
D．The Battle Against Solitude
A [标题归纳题。通读全文，结合最后一段中“As evidence increases for how time alone can be a positive force in shaping our lives，Hansen and her colleagues recommend planning for it and protecting it．”可知，文章主要介绍了独处对人们生活的积极影响，包括提高创造力和帮助人们更好地规划自己的生活。故选A。]
C 篇(限时7分钟)
(2024·安徽合肥模拟)
Sleep is an ancient，universal experience．But it is only in the past half century or so that it has attracted the attention of dedicated researchers．A new book from Kenneth Miller sets out to record the field's short but fascinating history．
The early pages of the book，before there is much in the way of established science to describe，are the weakest．A good deal of time is spent on biographical details and portraits of the world through which Nathaniel Kleitman，an influential scientist working on sleep，moved．But the story soon picks up．It roams (漫步) from the discovery of rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep to the effects of sleep shortages．
One section even describes modern quantitative research of circadian-rhythm—the biological clocks that govern human's days—that took place in a purpose-built facility in a Bavarian village．The lab sported two apartments，with no window or clocks to clue their subjects into what was happening outside．Test subjects lived there for weeks，free to wake and sleep whenever they liked—but never free from the thermometers (体温计) that were attached to the wall by long electric lines．
There is a serious side，too．Shift work interferes with the body's internal clocks and raises the risk of illness．Mr．Miller also explains the slow recognition of sleep apnoea，a common sleep disorder，and the damage it can cause．
Discoveries often lead to new questions in turn．That is why neat，tidy endings are hard to achieve in science books．Despite all the progress of the past 50 years，scientists are still unsure what sleep is for．The fact that it is so widespread suggests it is vital．But why evolution would see it fit to produce animals that must spend large amounts of their time unable to respond to threats is still a mystery researchers are trying to solve．For anyone curious about asking the right questions，however，Mr．Miller's book is a good place to start．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。睡眠是一种古老而普遍的体验。但直到过去半个世纪左右，它才引起了专门研究人员的注意。肯尼斯·米勒的新书记录了这一领域短暂而迷人的历史。文章对这本书进行了介绍。
8．What can readers expect to read at the start of the book？( )
A．The development of sleep research．
B．The discovery of rapid-eye-movement．
C．The influence of Kleitman's research．
D．The account of Kleitman's life experiences．
D [细节理解题。根据第二段前两句可知，读者可以期待在书的开头读到克莱特曼的生活经历。故选D。]
9．What do we know about the subjects in the experiment according to paragraph 3？( )
A．They lived in a modern sports lab．
B．They could do whatever they liked．
C．They had to take their temperature every day．
D．They were cut off from the outside world．
D [细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“The lab sported two apartments，with no window or clocks to clue their subjects into what was happening outside．”可知，实验对象与外界隔离。故选D。]
10．What does the underlined phrase “interferes with”in paragraph 4 mean？( )
A．Enhances． B．Disturbs．
C．Generates． D．Transforms．
B [词义猜测题。根据第四段第二句中的“and raises the risk of illness”可知，此处是指轮班工作会干扰人体的生物钟，所以interferes with意为“干扰”。故选B。]
11．The book is suitable for you if you want to know ．( )
A．why evolution favors a good sleep
B．what threats sleep poses to animals
C．where sleep research is heading for
D．how scientists solve sleep disorders
C [细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，如果你想知道睡眠研究的发展方向，这本书很适合你。故选C。]
Ⅱ．完形填空(限时12分钟)
(2025·江苏如皋模拟)
Parkrun was founded by Paul Sinton-Hewitt，who was 1 the Royal Society of the Arts'Albert Medal in 2019．He got the honor for his 2 in the field of social improvement．
Parkrun is a free，weekly，community 3 all around the world．The events are 5 km and 4 on Saturday morning in parks and open space．It is a positive and inclusive 5 where there is no time limit and no one finishes last．Everyone is
6 to come along，whether you walk，jog，run，volunteer or watch．
In 2004 Paul had lost his job and he was 7 in an accident．Down but not out，this was the time when the 8 of Parkrun first came to him．On 2nd October 2004，13 amateur runners arrived in Bushy Park，London．Parkrun was born．The first team 9 Paul and his wife Joanne together with a few of their friends．At that time，it was just called a time trial，the name Parkrun was not 10 until 2008，and it became an unexpected phenomenon．
The second Parkrun wasn't 11 until 2007．Shortly after Wimbledon，Richmond，Banstead and Leeds Hyde Parks started to host Parkrun．And then，the number of 12 and events have continued to grow．Parkrun is now a
13 phenomenon，represented in 21 different countries，stretching across five continents．
At the 2019 ceremony，Paul celebrated Parkrun's growth from a tiny 14 to a worldwide movement．Paul praised their empowering movement of real people and communities to do 15 things for themselves and others．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是Paul Sinton-Herwitt创立的公共跑步活动Parkrun。
( )1．A．awarded B．showed
C．offered D．given
A [“the Royal Society of the Arts'Albert Medal”是一个奖项，因此他是被授予这个奖，故选A。]
( )2．A．claim B．announcement
C．development D．innovation
D [由空格后的“in the field of social improvement”和第二段对Parkrun活动的描述可知，此处表示“他因在社会改善领域的创新而获得这一荣誉”，因此空格处是“创新”，故选D。]
( )3．A．project B．event
C．route D．match
B [由后面的“The events”可知，空格处用event，表示“Parkrun是一种社区活动”，故选B。]
( )4．A．come out B．make sense
C．take place D．break out
C [后文“on Saturday morning in parks and open space”是说明这个活动举办的时间和地点，因此空格处表示“发生”，故选C。]
( )5．A．experience B．impression
C．position D．feeling
A [由“where there is no time limit and no one finishes last”可知，这个活动没有时间限制，没有人最后完成，因此这是一种积极和有包容性的体验，故选A。]
( )6．A．right B．willing
C．active D．welcome
D [由后文的“whether you walk，jog，run，volunteer or watch”可知，句子表示“无论你是散步、慢跑、跑步、当志愿者还是观看，都欢迎来参加”，故选D。]
( )7．A．injured B．rescued
C．moved D．killed
A [由后文的“in an accident”和“Down but not out”可知，Paul在一场事故中受伤，故选A。]
( )8．A．question B．reason
C．idea D．cause
C [由后文的“Parkrun first came to him”和“Parkrun was born．”可知，句子表示“这是他第一次想到Parkrun这个主意的时候”，an idea comes to sb．某人想到一个主意，故选C。]
( )9．A．attracted B．invited
C．found D．excited
A [由后文的“Paul and his wife Joanne together with a few of their friends”可知，第一支队伍是吸引了Paul和他的妻子Joanne以及他们的一些朋友，故选A。]
( )10．A．adopted B．adjusted
C．achieved D．abused
A [由前面的“At that time，it was just called a time trial”可知，直到2008年Parkrun这个名字才被采用，故选A。]
( )11．A．set off B．set up
C．given off D．given up
B [由前面的“The second Parkrun”可知，第二次Parkrun活动直到2007年才组织，故选B。]
( )12．A．participants B．examinations
C．exploration D．population
A [由后文的“represented in 21 different countries，stretching across five continents”可知，参与人数和活动的数量都在持续增长，故选A。]
( )13．A．local B．national
C．global D．personal
C [由“represented in 21 different countries，stretching across five continents”和下一段的“a worldwide movement”可知，这个活动现在是一个全球性的活动了，故选C。]
( )14．A．dream B．desire
C．tree D．seed
D [由“tiny”和“a worldwide movement”可知，句子表示“从一颗小小的种子到现在的全球性活动”，故选D。]
( )15．A．positive B．attentive
C．productive D．addictive
A [由前面的“praised their empowering movement”可知，Paul是在赞扬他们的活动为自己和他人做了积极的事情，故选A。]
Ⅲ．应用文写作(限时13分钟)
(2024·安徽四校联考)
假定你是李华，你校体育俱乐部计划与英国某校体育俱乐部通过网上交流会议应用程序(online conference application)共同上一节介绍“Traditional sports events of both countries”的课。请你代表俱乐部发封邮件给对方成员 Bruce，内容包括：
1．发邮件的目的；
2．传统体育的重要性；
3．提出一些建议(包括时间和会议方式等)。
注意：1．写作词数应为 80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Dear Bruce，
How are things going with you
Yours，
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Bruce，
How are things going with you？I'm so excited about our upcoming online lesson to introduce “Traditional sports events of both countries”．On behalf of our club，I'm writing to propose some ideas and confirm related details about it．
The lesson will serve as a channel for students to realize that traditional sports are not only the essence of a culture but also the pride of a country．So for our part，we are considering introducing several traditional sports activities，including martial arts，dragon boat races，horse races，dragon dances and lion dances and so on．To get the best effect，some forms such as presentations，playing videos and displaying pictures will be adopted．As for the time and the way，we'd like to have the lesson scheduled on a day next week，lasting 3 hours through an online conference application．
Does our proposal work well on your side Looking forward to your earliest reply．
Yours，
Li Hua
课时数智作业(十二)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟)
(2025年1月·八省高考适应性考试)
Want to learn a new language or get A's in college exams Previous studies have shown that exercise can help stimulate the areas of the brain that convert (转换) new information into long-term memory．A new study has taken this information one step further and found the best time when exercise can help maximize learning．
Building upon past research that found exercise releases biochemicals that improve mental function，scientists at Radboud University and the University of Edinburgh conducted a study to determine when exercise was most beneficial to learning．
Participants—72 healthy male and female adults—were first asked to perform a computer test that challenged their visual and spatial learning．After the test，all of the subjects watched nature documentaries，but two thirds of them also exercised．Half of the exercisers did circuit training on an exercise bike for 35 minutes immediately after the test．The other half did the same exercise but not until four hours after they had been tested．
Two days later，all of the participants returned to the lab for a recall test，and they were connected to MRI(磁共振成像) machines to assess their brain activities．The participants who exercised four hours after taking the computer test were able to recall what they had learned most accurately．Their brainwaves also showed more consistent levels of activity，indicating that their brains were less taxed to remember what they had learned．
According to this research，the best time to exercise to improve learning is four hours after studying．But why That's one question the researchers have yet to answer．Another question left unanswered is the level of exercise that might best improve learning．I've run enough marathons to prove the fact that my brain is anything but sharp during or after a tough workout．But the researchers noted that light workouts might not give the brain enough of a biochemical boost to improve learning．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新研究，该研究进一步探索运动助力学习的最佳时间。研究中让参与者进行不同强度运动之后观看自然纪录片，两天后返回实验室做记忆测试，最后通过相关经历及结果探讨了运动强度与大脑敏锐度的关系，指出剧烈运动可能并不会让大脑更敏锐。
1．What did the new study aim to explore？( )
A．When exercise is best for learning．
B．What biochemicals are good for health．
C．How brainwaves should be measured．
D．Which area of the brain is the most active．
A [细节理解题。第一段提到“A new study has taken this information one step further and found the best time when exercise can help maximize learning．”，表明新研究是为了探索什么时候运动对学习最有益，也就是什么时候运动最适合学习。故选A。]
2．What were all the participants asked to do during the experiment？( )
A．Train on bicycles．
B．Do mathematics exercises．
C．Play computer games．
D．Watch films about nature．
D [细节理解题。第三段提到“After the test，all of the subjects watched nature documentaries”，表明在实验中所有参与者都被要求观看自然纪录片。故选D。]
3．Why did the participants return to the lab two days later？( )
A．To do a medical examination．
B．To have their memory tested．
C．To get their workouts recorded．
D．To finish their previous tasks．
B [细节理解题。第四段提到“Two days later，all of the participants returned to the lab for a recall test”，这里的recall test就是对记忆的测试，所以参与者两天后回到实验室是为了进行记忆测试。故选B。]
4．What might the author's marathon running prove？( )
A．The findings of the study are reliable．
B．Long-distance runners are often smart．
C．Studies on the marathon are not enough．
D．Hard exercise may not sharpen the brain．
D [推理判断题。最后一段提到“I've run enough marathons to prove the fact that my brain is anything but sharp during or after a tough workout．”，意思是作者参加马拉松的经历证明在艰苦的锻炼期间或之后大脑并不敏锐，也就是剧烈运动可能不会使大脑更敏锐。故选D。]
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟)
(2025·江苏连云港模拟)
Reasons why you should learn how to surf
It gives you an exciting experience．
The feeling of riding the waves is one you can never describe until you have experienced it．While surfing，you'll be in a peaceful state as you wait for the next big wave．It can be difficult to explain why，but the whole experience is indeed calm and exciting at the same time． 1 ，as if you're running away from all your worries in life．
It's good exercise．
Surfing is a physically challenging sport that requires you to use your entire body，making it almost an extreme fitness activity．Every surfing session will certainly make you exercise your whole body．So，it's expected to have aching muscles after your first surfing session． 2 ．
It helps build your confidence．
There is no denying the fact that healthy and fit people are confident with their bodies． 3 ．Nevertheless，surfing promotes confidence that isn't necessarily rooted in how you look or boost your ego (自我)．It takes time to learn and even master．
4 ．
Learning a new skill with a group leads to a sense of accomplishment，and learning how to surf is no different．Although it's natural to go surfing alone at times，no surfer has surfed without acquaintances (熟人)，friends，or club mates．It's a given for people who surf to share experience with others，both locally and globally．
It gives you moments with nature．
Like some other sports，surfing allows you to have time with nature． 5 ．With surfing，you're able to observe nature from a different viewpoint．This is an ideal time to be one with nature，so grab the chance to broaden your horizons (视野) as a part of this beautiful planet we live on．
A．These two qualities come hand in hand
B．It allows you to grow your social circle
C．Surfing also gives you a sense of freedom
D．Don't worry，though，as this feeling is entirely natural
E．It has a rich and varied history and contemporary culture
F．That will translate to how you handle your personal and professional life
G．When people learn to surf，they become more connected with the natural environment
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学习冲浪的几个理由。
1．C [上文“这可能很难解释为什么，但整个经历确实是平静和兴奋的”指出冲浪给人平静和兴奋的感觉；根据下文“就好像你在远离生活中的烦恼”可知，冲浪还能给人自由的感觉，就好像远离了生活中的烦恼。C项符合题意，与上下文承接自然。故选C。]
2．D [空处位于段尾，应总结上文。冲浪几乎是一项极限运动，需要投入整个身体，因此第一次冲浪后感到肌肉酸痛是非常正常的。D项符合题意，承接上文，“this feeling”指上文提到的“have aching muscles”。故选D。]
3．A [只有健康了才会对自己的身体有信心，即这两者是相辅相成的。A项符合题意，“These two qualities”指上文提到的“healthy and fit people are confident with their bodies”。故选A。]
4．B [空处为本段小标题。冲浪很多时候是和其他人一起的，可以相互分享经验；由此可知，冲浪可以扩大人们的社交圈。B项符合题意，可总结本段，“social circle”呼应下文“share experience with others，both locally and globally”。故选B。]
5．G [根据小标题“It gives you moments with nature．”可知，空处内容与冲浪让人们和大自然接触有关。G项符合题意，“natural environment”呼应标题中“nature”。故选G。]
Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟)
Fitness enthusiasts in China are experiencing a change 1． sports habits thanks to the fast development of online platforms and the use of smart technologies．
These enthusiasts now wear smart gadgets(小装置) 2． (track) body reaction during workouts．They make personalized fitness plans on smart apps，and familiarize 3． (they) with smart fitness equipment．
A 4． (new) opened smart running track at Beijing's Olympic Forest Park，5． favorite destination for local running enthusiasts，is a good example of 6． smart technologies are upgrading the public's sports experience．
Runners on the track acquire a range of data，including information about those currently using the track，real-time temperature and weather reports，and instructions about running．This data 7． (present)on smart 8． (interact) screens alongside the track，which opened to the public．
The track is also linked to an app that can be installed on smartphones and other portable devices．Runners 9． (use)the app receive instructions，such as suggested running speeds and the right time to rest or drink water．
Runners on the track also take part in online challenges relating to different distances and particular difficulties．
After signing up for the challenges on the app，they choose the time they want to start．The athletes'results are uploaded online for 10． (compare)with others，and participants receive medals for outstanding results．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。由于在线平台的快速发展和智能技术的使用，中国的健身爱好者正在经历着运动习惯的变化。
1．in [考查介词。句意：由于在线平台的快速发展和智能技术的使用，中国的健身爱好者正在经历着运动习惯的变化。表示某方面的变化应用介词in。故填in。]
2．to track [考查非谓语动词。空处在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to track。]
3．themselves [考查代词。短语familiarize oneself with表示“使自己熟悉某物”。故填themselves。]
4．newly [考查词性转换。表示“新开的”应用newly opened，副词作状语。故填newly。]
5．a [考查冠词。destination为可数名词，此处为泛指且favorite是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。]
6．how [考查宾语从句。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，故用how。故填how。]
7．is presented [考查时态、语态和主谓一致。空处在句中作谓语，与单数意义的主语This data构成被动关系，且陈述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is presented。]
8．interactive [考查词性转换。修饰名词screens应用形容词interactive，作定语。故填interactive。]
9．using [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词receive，空处应用非谓语，use与逻辑主语Runners构成主动关系，故用动词-ing形式作定语。故填using。]
10．comparison [考查词性转换。作介词的宾语，应用名词comparison，表抽象意义，不可数。故填comparison。]
Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟)
阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·湖南株洲模拟)
“Hurry up you guys，or you'll be late for school！”called Mom．We dashed downstairs and had a quick breakfast．I was eating my favorite—very sweet cereal，and Sara was having eggs．When I rose to have my bowl washed，Mom whispered，“You know you need to be cautious today when you're walking Sara to school．It's your job to assure me she gets there all right．”Then she cast me a very serious look．I thought to myself，wondering why Mom was making such a big deal out of this．It was Sara's first day of kindergarten，but I could manage it．I wish Mom wouldn't treat me like such a baby．
“Goodbye，Mom！”Sara yelled．She ran out of the door，and I went behind her．
“Be careful！”my mom yelled．
“I will！”I said back and ran outside．Sara was skipping down the front walkway to the sidewalk．
I grabbed Sara's hand．“Are you eager and excited for your first day of school？”I asked，trying to sound like a grown-up．Sara smiled and nodded her head yes．Meanwhile，my mom was staring at us through the window．“When will she stop treating me like a little kid？”I thought．“I'll show you the way．”I said，I felt proud to be the elder sister．We walked past beautiful gardens and big，leafy trees．Suddenly，I heard a growl and saw a dog walking towards us．He was big and fierce looking with long sharp teeth．“GRRR！！！”the dog growled．I didn't see its owner or anyone who could help us．My hand became sweaty and Sara stopped walking．“I'm scared，Julie，”she said．I didn't want her to be scared．I wanted to seem brave．“Everything will be okay，”I said．
“GRRR！！！”The dog stepped closer and we could see it was the size of a small horse—with red eyes and sharp teeth．
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
I was trying to make my voice sound calm．
I told Mom what had happened．
【语篇解读】 本文话题为亲情类。吃完早饭以后，作者送妹妹Sara去上幼儿园，这是她上学第一天，Sara很兴奋地走在前面，这时候出来一只大狗，身边没有狗主人，Sara很害怕，作者看似勇敢地告诉妹妹，一切都会没事的，那只大狗龇着牙离作者和妹妹更近了。
【写作指导】
1．段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“我试图让自己的声音听起来平静。”可知，本段可描写作者是如何帮助Sara的，结合第二段的提示语可知，该段应描述作者成功保护了Sara，把妹妹送进了幼儿园。
②由第二段首句内容“我把发生的事情告诉妈妈”可知，本段可描写作者将事情告诉妈妈后，妈妈的反应如何？对作者处理这种危险情况做出什么样的评价。
2．续写线索：保持冷静——安全进入幼儿园——告诉妈妈发生的事情——妈妈表扬作者——提供建议——作者的感受
【参考范文】
I was trying to make my voice sound calm．Planting my feet resolutely on the ground，I said to Sara，“Don't be afraid！”while holding her hand tightly．The dog edged closer with the menacing “GRRR！”“Run！”I exclaimed，we rushing to the kindergarten．Just as the dog was overtaking us，we threw ourselves inside．It was really close！We exchanged a happy smile．Seeing Sara stepping into the classroom，I turned for home，wanting desperately to narrate the thrilling episode to Mom．
I told Mom what had happened．There followed no response．Then I saw Mom's tears．“I am so proud of you！You did what you had promised！”Mom said，holding me in a tight embrace，after which Mom looked into my eyes．She gave me some advice on tackling fierce dogs：“Next time you are cornered by such a dog，pretend to pick up a stone．It will be frightened away．”My mom's words of praise and advice were deeply engraved in my heart．And I promised to be a better guardian of Sara．
23 / 36课时数智作业(十二)
必修第二册 UNIT 2 Be sporty，be healthy
Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟)
(2025年1月·八省高考适应性考试)
Want to learn a new language or get A's in college exams Previous studies have shown that exercise can help stimulate the areas of the brain that convert (转换) new information into long-term memory．A new study has taken this information one step further and found the best time when exercise can help maximize learning．
Building upon past research that found exercise releases biochemicals that improve mental function，scientists at Radboud University and the University of Edinburgh conducted a study to determine when exercise was most beneficial to learning．
Participants—72 healthy male and female adults—were first asked to perform a computer test that challenged their visual and spatial learning．After the test，all of the subjects watched nature documentaries，but two thirds of them also exercised．Half of the exercisers did circuit training on an exercise bike for 35 minutes immediately after the test．The other half did the same exercise but not until four hours after they had been tested．
Two days later，all of the participants returned to the lab for a recall test，and they were connected to MRI(磁共振成像) machines to assess their brain activities．The participants who exercised four hours after taking the computer test were able to recall what they had learned most accurately．Their brainwaves also showed more consistent levels of activity，indicating that their brains were less taxed to remember what they had learned．
According to this research，the best time to exercise to improve learning is four hours after studying．But why That's one question the researchers have yet to answer．Another question left unanswered is the level of exercise that might best improve learning．I've run enough marathons to prove the fact that my brain is anything but sharp during or after a tough workout．But the researchers noted that light workouts might not give the brain enough of a biochemical boost to improve learning．
1．What did the new study aim to explore？( )
A．When exercise is best for learning．
B．What biochemicals are good for health．
C．How brainwaves should be measured．
D．Which area of the brain is the most active．
2．What were all the participants asked to do during the experiment？( )
A．Train on bicycles．
B．Do mathematics exercises．
C．Play computer games．
D．Watch films about nature．
3．Why did the participants return to the lab two days later？( )
A．To do a medical examination．
B．To have their memory tested．
C．To get their workouts recorded．
D．To finish their previous tasks．
4．What might the author's marathon running prove？( )
A．The findings of the study are reliable．
B．Long-distance runners are often smart．
C．Studies on the marathon are not enough．
D．Hard exercise may not sharpen the brain．
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟)
(2025·江苏连云港模拟)
Reasons why you should learn how to surf
It gives you an exciting experience．
The feeling of riding the waves is one you can never describe until you have experienced it．While surfing，you'll be in a peaceful state as you wait for the next big wave．It can be difficult to explain why，but the whole experience is indeed calm and exciting at the same time． 1 ，as if you're running away from all your worries in life．
It's good exercise．
Surfing is a physically challenging sport that requires you to use your entire body，making it almost an extreme fitness activity．Every surfing session will certainly make you exercise your whole body．So，it's expected to have aching muscles after your first surfing session． 2 ．
It helps build your confidence．
There is no denying the fact that healthy and fit people are confident with their bodies． 3 ．Nevertheless，surfing promotes confidence that isn't necessarily rooted in how you look or boost your ego (自我)．It takes time to learn and even master．
4 ．
Learning a new skill with a group leads to a sense of accomplishment，and learning how to surf is no different．Although it's natural to go surfing alone at times，no surfer has surfed without acquaintances (熟人)，friends，or club mates．It's a given for people who surf to share experience with others，both locally and globally．
It gives you moments with nature．
Like some other sports，surfing allows you to have time with nature． 5 ．With surfing，you're able to observe nature from a different viewpoint．This is an ideal time to be one with nature，so grab the chance to broaden your horizons (视野) as a part of this beautiful planet we live on．
A．These two qualities come hand in hand
B．It allows you to grow your social circle
C．Surfing also gives you a sense of freedom
D．Don't worry，though，as this feeling is entirely natural
E．It has a rich and varied history and contemporary culture
F．That will translate to how you handle your personal and professional life
G．When people learn to surf，they become more connected with the natural environment
Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟)
Fitness enthusiasts in China are experiencing a change 1． sports habits thanks to the fast development of online platforms and the use of smart technologies．
These enthusiasts now wear smart gadgets(小装置) 2． (track) body reaction during workouts．They make personalized fitness plans on smart apps，and familiarize 3． (they) with smart fitness equipment．
A 4． (new) opened smart running track at Beijing's Olympic Forest Park，5． favorite destination for local running enthusiasts，is a good example of 6． smart technologies are upgrading the public's sports experience．
Runners on the track acquire a range of data，including information about those currently using the track，real-time temperature and weather reports，and instructions about running．This data 7． (present)on smart 8． (interact) screens alongside the track，which opened to the public．
The track is also linked to an app that can be installed on smartphones and other portable devices．Runners 9． (use)the app receive instructions，such as suggested running speeds and the right time to rest or drink water．
Runners on the track also take part in online challenges relating to different distances and particular difficulties．
After signing up for the challenges on the app，they choose the time they want to start．The athletes'results are uploaded online for 10． (compare)with others，and participants receive medals for outstanding results．
Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟)
阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·湖南株洲模拟)
“Hurry up you guys，or you'll be late for school！”called Mom．We dashed downstairs and had a quick breakfast．I was eating my favorite—very sweet cereal，and Sara was having eggs．When I rose to have my bowl washed，Mom whispered，“You know you need to be cautious today when you're walking Sara to school．It's your job to assure me she gets there all right．”Then she cast me a very serious look．I thought to myself，wondering why Mom was making such a big deal out of this．It was Sara's first day of kindergarten，but I could manage it．I wish Mom wouldn't treat me like such a baby．
“Goodbye，Mom！”Sara yelled．She ran out of the door，and I went behind her．
“Be careful！”my mom yelled．
“I will！”I said back and ran outside．Sara was skipping down the front walkway to the sidewalk．
I grabbed Sara's hand．“Are you eager and excited for your first day of school？”I asked，trying to sound like a grown-up．Sara smiled and nodded her head yes．Meanwhile，my mom was staring at us through the window．“When will she stop treating me like a little kid？”I thought．“I'll show you the way．”I said，I felt proud to be the elder sister．We walked past beautiful gardens and big，leafy trees．Suddenly，I heard a growl and saw a dog walking towards us．He was big and fierce looking with long sharp teeth．“GRRR！！！”the dog growled．I didn't see its owner or anyone who could help us．My hand became sweaty and Sara stopped walking．“I'm scared，Julie，”she said．I didn't want her to be scared．I wanted to seem brave．“Everything will be okay，”I said．
“GRRR！！！”The dog stepped closer and we could see it was the size of a small horse—with red eyes and sharp teeth．
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
I was trying to make my voice sound calm．
I told Mom what had happened．
6 / 6核心词汇 1．____________ n．病，疾病 2．____________ adv．此外，而且 3．____________ vt．减少，缩小 4．____________ n．常规，惯例 adj．常规的，例行的；乏味的 5．____________ n．慢跑锻炼 6．____________ n．滑雪(运动) 7．____________ n．引体向上 8．____________ vt．& vi．伸展，舒展；拉长；伸出；(使)延伸 9．____________ n．(变动或浮动的)范围，界限，区间；一系列 10．____________ n．活动，转动；移动；运动 11．____________ n．平均水平，一般水准 adj．平均的；典型的 12．____________ prep．自始至终；各处，遍及 13．____________ n．汗水 vt．& vi．出汗，流汗 14．____________ vt．阻止，阻碍 15．____________ vt．维持；维修，保养 16．____________ vt．使现代化，更新；向……提供最新信息 n．最新消息 17．____________ vt．用……替换；代替，取代；更换，更新 18．____________ n．冠军，第一名 19．____________ n．球场；法院，法庭；宫廷 20．____________ conj．而且，此外 prep．加；和 21．____________ adj．附近的，邻近的 adv．在附近，不远 22．____________ n．搭档，同伴；伙伴；合伙人 23．____________ n．处境；位置；姿势；观点；地位 24．____________ adv．现今，现在
阅读词汇 1．____________ n．蝙蝠；球棒，球板 vt．& vi．用球棒(板)击球 2．____________ adj．有免疫力；不受影响的；免除的 3．____________ adj．有氧的；需氧的 4．____________ n．太极拳，太极 5．____________ n．碳水化合物，糖类 6．crane n．________________ 7．rooster n．________________ 8．imitate vt．________________ 9．philosophy n．________________ 10．unity n．________________
拓展词汇 1．congratulation n．祝贺，恭喜；贺词；恭贺→____________ vt．祝贺 2．assume vt．假定，认为；承担(责任)，就(职)；呈现，显露→____________ n．假定；设想 3．tend vi．往往会；趋向 vt．照看→____________ n．趋势；倾向；偏好 4．energy n．能，能量；精力；能源→____________ adj．精力充沛的，充满活力的 5．injury n．伤害，损伤→____________ vt．伤害，损伤→____________ adj．受伤的 6．equipment n．配备，装备；设备→____________ v．配备；装备 7．lack vi．& vt．缺乏，没有，不足，短缺 n．缺乏，匮乏，短缺→____________ adj．没有的；缺乏的；不足的 8．announce vt．宣布，宣告；通知→____________ n．宣布，宣告；通知→____________ n．播音员；宣告者 9．hesitate vi．犹豫，迟疑→____________ n．犹豫，迟疑→____________ adj．犹豫的，踌躇的 10．admit vt．& vi．承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入→____________ n．允许进入；承认；入场费 11．inspire vt．激励，鼓舞；启发思考；使产生(感觉或情感)→____________ n．灵感；鼓舞人心的人(或事物)→____________ adj．受鼓舞的→____________ adj．鼓舞人心的 12．explore vt．& vi．探究，探索；勘探，勘察→____________ n．探险；探索，探究→____________ n．探险者
高频短语 1．________________ 持续，坚持 2．________________ 弥补，补偿 3．________________ 对……作出反应；作为对……的回复 4．________________ 不足为奇，并不奇怪 5．________________ 阻止…… 6．________________ 首先，作为开始 7．________________ 克服 8．________________ 在……中发挥作用/扮演角色 9．keep up________________ 10．do wonders________________ 11．over the long term________________ 12．put the finishing touches to________________ 13．under the weather________________ 14．be rooted in________________ 15．have an effect on________________
句型公式 1．Working out can help you reduce stress and get over negative feelings．(动词-ing形式短语作主语) 锻炼可以帮助你减轻压力，克服负面情绪。 2．When you plan an exercise routine，the first thing to consider is what you expect to improve：heart and lung efficiency，muscle strength or flexibility．(the＋序数词＋n．＋to do...) 制订锻炼计划时，首先要考虑的是你期望在哪些方向有所改善：心肺功能，肌肉力量还是柔韧性。 3．Zhang Sanfeng，a 13th-century Taoist，was said to have invented tai chi after drawing inspiration from a fight between a snake and a bird．(sb．＋be＋动词-ed形式＋to do...) 传说13世纪时，一个叫张三丰的道士从蛇与鸟的缠斗中汲取灵感，创造了太极拳。 4．Tai chi has taught me to relax my mind，enabling me to stay cool in stressful situations．(动词-ing形式短语作结果状语) 太极拳教会了我放松头脑，让我在紧张的情况下能保持冷静。
Almost all of us assume that regular exercise does 1．____________(wonder) for us．Now，let's look at the benefits in detail．Firstly，2．____________ (do) exercise can make our heart and lungs stronger over 3．____________ long term．Studies also show that working out can help us reduce stress and get over negative thoughts．In a word，exercise is good for our body and mind．
There're different kinds of activities．Aerobic activities，like jogging and skiing，can develop heart and lungs．Strength training，such as pull-ups and weightlifting，4．________ (increase) muscle strength and encourages bone development．Flexibility training，5．____________ (include) gymnastics and tai chi，helps stretch your muscles 6．____________ improve your body's range of movement．Tai chi is deeply rooted in the Chinese philosophy of yin and yang 7．____________ cannot exist independently of each other．
Do choose your favourite activities and stick with it．When exercising，you must wear proper clothes and equipment 8．____________ (avoid) injuries．Remember to drink to make up 9．____________ water lost to sweat．Gradually，you will find，to your 10．____________ (satisfy)，that you have better immune systems and are at lower risk of diseases．
1．tend vi．往往会；趋向 vt．照看
①(北师大版选择性必修第四册Unit 11) Being single，Ma Ming often held parties at night，but the biggest problem was his ____________ (tend) to drum late at night．
②The lamb had become separated from its mother，so I jumped out of the tractor to tend ____________ it while Don stayed in his seat．
③Some educators tend ____________(believe)that practical skills are as important as academic knowledge．
读后续写之主旨升华
毋庸置疑，机遇和成功往往青睐那些有准备的人。
Undoubtedly，opportunities and success ____________________________________________________________．
◎tend (to) sb．/sth．照料/护理某人/物
◎tend to do sth．易于做某事；往往会做某事
◎have/there is a tendency to do sth．倾向于做某事
◎(改编自《华尔街日报》) Whenever I tend to complain and quit，I watch him push himself to his own limits．
每当我倾向于抱怨并且想放弃时，我就会看看他挑战他自己的极限。
2．range n．(变动或浮动的)范围，界限，区间；一系列
①(外研版选择性必修第三册Unit 2)Nor was it ________ wide range of contacts and connections．
②That car，whose price is 30，000 dollars，is out of ____________ (I) range，so I have to give it up．
③For persons who are able to develop an immune response，the death rate is usually ____________ the range of 10%－15%.
一句多译
他有很多业余爱好，从下棋到游泳。
①He has a number of interests，_____________________________________．(使用定语从句)
②He has a number of interests，_____________________________________．(使用分词短语)
◎a wide range of广泛的；多种的；大范围的
◎within/in the range of在……范围内
◎beyond/out of range在射程外；在范围外
◎(2025年1月·八省高考适应性考试)The temporary exhibition gallery has a wide range of art，craft(工艺) and local history exhibitions which changes every month．
临时展览馆有各种各样的艺术、工艺以及当地历史展览，这些展览每月都会更换。
3．lack n．缺乏，匮乏，短缺 vi．& vt．没有，缺乏，不足，短缺
①(外研版选择性必修第三册Unit 1)Obsessive online photo editing indicates a lack ____________ self-confidence and a desire for attention．
②It was unthinkable that a virus would shut down nations and that safety nets would be proven so disastrously ____________ (lack) in flexibility．
句式升级
(普通表达)He failed the driving test for lack of confidence．
(高级表达)___________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________accounted for his failure in the driving test．
◎lack sth．缺少某物
◎(a/the) lack of缺乏……
◎lacking adj．短缺的；缺乏的
◎be lacking in缺少……
◎Though lacking (for) cooking experience，the twins made up for it by turning to the Internet for some advice．
尽管缺乏烹饪经验，但这对双胞胎通过上网寻求建议来弥补。
4．hesitate vi．犹豫，迟疑
①(外研版选择性必修第四册Unit 2)She resists instinctively；and，in their ____________ (hesitate)，the DOVE escapes and flies away．
②If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school，Wilson never hesitates ________________ (buy) them a meal．
应用文写作之招募启事
如果你对英语充满热情又头脑敏锐，请不要迟疑加入辩论队。
If you are enthusiastic about English and have a sharp mind，________________________________________________________________________．
◎hesitate to do sth．犹豫做某事；不愿做某事
◎hesitate about/over (doing) sth．(做)某事犹豫不决
◎without hesitation毫不犹豫地
◎(改编自《华尔街日报》) Maybe noticing my hesitation to tell the truth，the girl gave me a knowing smile and left．
也许是注意到我不情愿说出真相，女孩会心一笑，走开了。
5．admit vt．& vi．承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入
①The youngsters admitted to ____________ (plan) trips around potential photo-opportunities and then messaging friends to demand “likes” for their online posts．
②It's said that history is written by the victors，and those victors set the standards for ____________ (admit) to the genius club．
③Tom applied for admission to the graduate program at Northwestern University but wasn't admitted __________ it at last．
句式升级
(普通表达)People generally believe that Mount Huangshan is a must to visit while you're travelling in China．
(高级表达)It ____________________________________ that Mount Huangshan is a must to visit while you're travelling in China．
◎admit (to) (doing/having done) sth．承认(做了)某事
◎be admitted to/into...被……录取；被允许进入……
◎It is generally/widely admitted that...公认……；通常认为……
◎admission n．准许进入；入场费
◎(2023·全国甲卷)It is widely admitted/acknowledged that Fan Zhongyan is one of the most influential Chinese historical figures．
人们普遍认为范仲淹是中国历史上最有影响力的人物之一。
6．make up for 弥补，补偿
①(人教版必修第二册Unit 4) And down by the sea，the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds make ____________ the music of the coast．
②She was sincere and genuine in her wish to make up ____________ her former mistakes．
应用文写作之建议信
我强烈建议我们的英语电影欣赏课程应该由欣赏这部电影、谈论精彩的电影台词和配音组成。
I strongly suggest that our English film appreciation course ______________________
__________________________________________，talking about wonderful movie lines and dubbing．
◎make up 编造；组成；整理；弥补；和好
◎be made up of由……组成/构成
◎make for走向，导致，有助于
◎make out(勉强)辨认出，听出；弄清；理解
◎(2022·全国乙卷)Only a small percentage of students learn looking through websites，which make up 12%.
只有一小部分学生通过浏览网站来学习，占比12%。
7．in response to 对……作出反应；作为对……的回复
①(北师大版选择性必修第三册Unit 8) A human voice responded ____________ ours!
②Receiving a letter doesn't mean you need to make a ____________ (respond) to it．
应用文写作之建议信
不要回复任何要求提供个人信息的电子邮件，不管它们看起来多么正式。
________________________________________________ requesting personal information，no matter how official they look．
◎make a response to对……作出回应
◎respond to回答/回应……
◎(改编自《泰晤士报》)She made no response to the schoolmaster，which made me boil with anger．
她没有回应校长，这使我非常生气。
8．[教材原句]Tai chi has taught me to relax my mind，enabling me to stay cool in stressful situations．
太极拳教会了我放松头脑，让我在紧张的情况下能保持冷静。
①Once，when trying a certain trick on the beam，I fell onto the stones，____________ (damage) a nerve in my hand．
②Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations，greatly ___________(reduce) waterfowl habitat．
读后续写之情感描写
本打算轻松一下，吃一顿特别的饭菜，结果却发现周围烟雾缭绕，没有什么比这更糟糕的了。
There is nothing worse than trying to relax and eat a special meal _____________________________________________________________________ over you．
◎句中的enabling me to stay cool...是动词-ing形式短语作结果状语。动词-ing形式作结果状语时，一般表示必然的、自然而然的结果。另外，动词不定式，特别是only to do...形式也可作结果状语，但一般表示意想不到的结果。
◎(2022·全国乙卷)Some mornings，Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold．
有些早晨，罗莎蒙德和多萝茜到达校舍时，发现孩子们在寒冷中哭泣。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．Residents here wouldn't hesitate ____________ (call) the police at the first sign of trouble．
2．Tim is still hesitating about whether ________ (take) the job．It's really a difficult decision for him．
3．________________ (admit) to a good university doesn't necessarily mean you will succeed in your future life．
4．It ________________ (assume) that global warming and climate change may cause even more disasters in the future．
5．Cattle tend ________________ (keep) in remote places and their value has risen，making them appealing targets．
6．The national park has a large collection of wildlife，____________ (range) from butterflies to elephants．
7．The powerful earthquake caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday，____________ (kill) more than 6，500 people．
8．You need to know that having fine grades and test results does not guarantee ____________ (admit) to a top university in the United States．
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．average
A．adj．平均的 B．adj．普通的 C．n．平均数；平均水平 D．v．平均为；计算出……的平均数
(1)(2023·全国乙卷) The Chinese coach transformed Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the world，helping her skyrocket from an average member of the national team to the top of the sport． ________
(2)(2024·全国甲卷)Each stop lasts an average of two days，and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural (乡村) populations with basic medical care，X-ray scans and prescriptions． ________
(3)Drivers in London can expect to average about 12 miles per hour when driving． ________
(4)(2022·浙江1月卷)The average peak workload was measured at 103 watts． ________
2．(2023·浙江1月卷)I followed beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle． ________
A．伸展 B．一片地域 C．(终点)直道
3．And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds surrounding the mountain tops，he was reduced to tears． ________
A．减少 B．缩小
C．使……陷入某种状态中
4．Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally acceptable． ________
A．作品 B．创造 C．宇宙
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．我能说一口流利的英语，而且我是班上唯一出国深造过的学生。毫无疑问我是负责这项工作的最佳人选。
I can speak fluent English and __________________________________．There is no doubt that __________________________________．
2．得知你已被北京大学录取，我写信向你送出真诚的祝贺。
________________________________________ Peking University，I am writing to offer sincere congratulations to you．
3．虽然有些人倾向于忽视那些需要帮助的人，但还是有很多善良的人愿意伸出援助之手。
________________________________________________，there are many kind-hearted ones who are willing to lend a hand．
4．据说，他在中国学习汉语已经两年了。
________________________________________________ in China for two years．
假定你是李华，你的笔友林涛来信说，因学习忙、锻炼少，他最近经常生病，这也影响了他的学习。请你给他写一封英文回信，内容包括：1．锻炼的重要性；2．提出锻炼建议。
写作微练
①得知你这几天身体不舒服，我写信是为了表达我对你的关心，并给你一些建议。
I know that ________________________________________________，and I am writing to show my concern for you and offer you some advice．
②锻炼可以改善你的免疫系统，还可以让你每天充满活力。
________________________________________ and make you full of energy everyday．
③只有在你健康状况良好的时候，你才能继续学习，提高学习效率。
Only when in good health______________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________and increase your study efficiency．
④我建议你每天至少进行一个小时的锻炼，并制定一个详细的锻炼时间表，这可以帮助你坚持锻炼的习惯。
I suggest that you take at least one hour's exercise every day，and make a detailed schedule for your exercise，_______________________________________________．
⑤加入一个你学校的体育俱乐部可能是个好主意，因为俱乐部的伙伴可以激励你定期锻炼。
It might be a good idea ________________________________________________，for the partners in the club can inspire you to work out regularly．
⑥我希望我的建议能对你有所帮助。如果你有任何问题，请随时联系我。
I hope you will find my advice helpful．If you have any question，________________________________________．
句式升级
⑦用分词短语作状语升级句①
________________________________________________________，I am writing to show my concern for you and offer you some advice．
⑧用not only... but also...升级句②
Working out can ________________________________________________________________．
⑨用do强调谓语升级句⑥
________________________________________________．If you have any question，don't hesitate to contact me．
妙笔成篇
语料积累
教材语料 亮词 hesitate；satisfaction；injury；ache；stretch；sweat；lack；announce；replace；admit；inspire；breathe；stick with；in response to
美句 1．Like cars that run on petrol，your body burns carbohydrates for energy． 2．When my friend first suggested that we join the new Tai Chi Club at school，I hesitated． 3．Just as importantly，practising tai chi has inspired me to explore the Chinese culture behind it．
拓展语料 单词 comfort n．舒适；舒适的设施(或条件)；安慰；令人安慰的人(或事物) v．宽慰；pat v．轻拍；爱抚；hug v．拥抱；抱住 n．拥抱；cheer v．喝彩；欢呼；加油；鼓舞 n．欢呼声；加油歌；relieve vt．解除；缓解→relief n．宽慰；解脱；applaud v．鼓掌；称赞→applause n．掌声；喝彩
语块 pat sb．on the shoulder轻拍某人的肩膀；throw one's arms around sb．tightly without hesitation毫不犹豫地紧紧搂住某人；stroke one's hair轻抚某人的头发；reach out one's hand伸出手；wipe out tears from sb．'s cheek擦去某人脸上的眼泪
句型 1．Just as I was about to give up，my teacher cast an encouraging glance at me． 正当我要放弃时，老师向我投来鼓励的目光。 2．“But you will be a beautiful narrator，” she said，throwing her arms around me tightly without hesitation． “但你会成为一个美丽的叙述者，”她说着，毫不犹豫地紧紧搂住了我。 3．Whenever I was about to give up，her encouraging words would come to my mind，inspiring me to try again． 每当我准备放弃的时候，她鼓励的话语就会浮现在我的脑海里，激励我再试一次。 4．Whenever he was exhausted，Eddie's words echoed in/flashed into/popped into his mind，and instilled a surge of power into him． 每当他筋疲力尽时，艾迪的话就会在他脑中回响/掠过他的脑海/跳进他的脑海，并为他注入力量。
①受教练的激励，我参加了学校举办的网球比赛。(过去分词短语作状语)
________________________________，I took part in the tennis match held in my school．
②在第一轮比赛中，由于对手的分数比我高得多，我感到越来越沮丧。(frustrated)
In the first round，________________________________________ as my opponent's score was much higher than mine．
③正当我要放弃的时候，我听到有人叫我的名字。转过身，我发现老师正向我投来鼓励的目光。(分词短语作宾补)
Just as I was about to give up，I ______________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________.Turning around，I found my teacher________________________________________________________________________.
④突然我感到一股力量注入了我的身体。我比之前做得好了，但我还是落后。(无灵主语)
Suddenly I felt ________________________________________．I did better than before，but I still fell behind．
⑤休息时，教练走近我，轻拍我的肩膀，说：“加油，我的孩子，我相信你能做到。记住，世上无难事，只怕有心人。”
At break，my coach approached me and ________________________________，saying，“Come on，my boy．I believe you can make it．Bear in mind that ________________________________________________．”
16 / 16课时数智作业(十一)
必修第二册 UNIT 2 Be sporty，be healthy
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A 篇(限时6分钟)
(2024·湖南衡阳八中模拟)
In the heart of the Cyclades，Mykonos has long been an attraction for visitors．The beaches on the island's south-west coast are among the Mediterranean's best wild-party scenes，but head east and travelers will find something quite different．Here，the crowds slowly fade away，revealing what originally made the island famous：its beauty with rocky coastline and sandy bays．
Fokos Bay
Park your vehicle in the dirt lot and climb over the low dunes (沙丘) to find perfect little Fokos Bay，where deep，sheltered waters offer delightful swimming for all ages．Once you've worked up a bit of an appetite，head on over to the famous Greek cafe overlooking the sand for a lazy seafood lunch．
Mersini Beach
Head west around the headland to the next beach along—the Mersini Beach，which is usually the least-crowded on Mykonos．Bring your own sun mat and even an umbrella as this beach is completely wild and raw．
Agrari Beach
If getting your own wheels isn't an option，Agrari is only a 15-minute walk east of the more famous Elia Beach and on the south coast beach ferry(渡轮) route．It's one of the closest uncrowded beaches to Hora，Mykonos'main town，and home to a restaurant that provides sunbeds and drinks and snacks．
Kalafati Beach
In the far south-east，about seven miles from Mykonos town，the Kalafati Beach is beloved for its steady winds that blow the sails of windsurfers and kite surfers．Rent boards and get lessons right at the beach at Windsurfing Mykonos．
1．What can be done in Fokos Bay？( )
A．Get surfing lessons．
B．Take car rides on dirt tracks．
C．Rent sun mats and umbrellas．
D．Sample the delights of seafood．
2．What feature does Mersini Beach have？( )
A．It's service-free．
B．It's heavily populated．
C．It's on a coast beach ferry route．
D．It's within easy reach of Hora．
3．Which beach is perfect for wind sports？( )
A．Fokos Bay． B．Mersini Beach．
C．Agrari Beach． D．Kalafati Beach．
B 篇(限时7分钟)
(2025·河北邯郸模拟)
As social creatures，research has historically pointed us away from time alone．But recently，more people are spending time away from the crowd，and even seem to desire it．In Solitude (独处)—The science and power of being alone，a book co-written by Heather Hansen，an award-winning journalist and author，with the researcher Thuy-vy Nguyen，they set out to understand how everyday solitude affects people's lives．
In the largest study of its kind，thousands aged between 13 and 85 participated in online surveys．When thinking of the word“solitude”，some will think of a determined hiker alone in the wilderness．Most people described experiences of solitude achieved while，for example，walking in a park or writing a journal．Surprisingly，some described solitude as having a psychological distance from others，but not necessarily a physical one．
In several separate experiments，Nguyen found that when people spend 15 minutes alone，there is a“deactivation effect”，meaning“high excitement”emotions like anxiety are decreased，while positive“low excitement”feelings like calmness are increased，which wasn't seen when people spent 15 minutes with another person．One caveat is that sometimes solitude also increases the negative low excitement feeling of loneliness．However，a further experiment showed that this increase could be weakened when individuals chose to think about positive thoughts or when they were given a choice whether to spend time alone．
The list doesn't end there，though．Several studies link time alone and creativity，but only when people avoid social interactions because of what is known as a“non-fearful”preference for solitude．On the other hand，there is no such link in those whose fear or anxiety prevents them from interacting with others，or those who disliked social interactions because of avoidance．
Now think about the next time you will be on your own．Will you enjoy or suffer it As evidence increases for how time alone can be a positive force in shaping our lives，Hansen and her colleagues recommend planning for it and protecting it．
4．What is the survey in paragraph 2 mainly about？( )
A．When solitude is needed．
B．What solitude is like．
C．How solitude affects people's lives．
D．How people make the best of solitude．
5．What does the underlined word“caveat”in paragraph 3 mean？( )
A．Trap． B．Bonus．
C．Warning． D．Prediction．
6．According to the studies，time alone will boost creativity for those who ．( )
A．prefer to take risks
B．choose to be alone without fear
C．dislike social interactions
D．enjoy negative emotions
7．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？( )
A．The Power of One
B．The Profit of Socializing
C．The Urge to Live Alone
D．The Battle Against Solitude
C 篇(限时7分钟)
(2024·安徽合肥模拟)
Sleep is an ancient，universal experience．But it is only in the past half century or so that it has attracted the attention of dedicated researchers．A new book from Kenneth Miller sets out to record the field's short but fascinating history．
The early pages of the book，before there is much in the way of established science to describe，are the weakest．A good deal of time is spent on biographical details and portraits of the world through which Nathaniel Kleitman，an influential scientist working on sleep，moved．But the story soon picks up．It roams (漫步) from the discovery of rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep to the effects of sleep shortages．
One section even describes modern quantitative research of circadian-rhythm—the biological clocks that govern human's days—that took place in a purpose-built facility in a Bavarian village．The lab sported two apartments，with no window or clocks to clue their subjects into what was happening outside．Test subjects lived there for weeks，free to wake and sleep whenever they liked—but never free from the thermometers (体温计) that were attached to the wall by long electric lines．
There is a serious side，too．Shift work interferes with the body's internal clocks and raises the risk of illness．Mr．Miller also explains the slow recognition of sleep apnoea，a common sleep disorder，and the damage it can cause．
Discoveries often lead to new questions in turn．That is why neat，tidy endings are hard to achieve in science books．Despite all the progress of the past 50 years，scientists are still unsure what sleep is for．The fact that it is so widespread suggests it is vital．But why evolution would see it fit to produce animals that must spend large amounts of their time unable to respond to threats is still a mystery researchers are trying to solve．For anyone curious about asking the right questions，however，Mr．Miller's book is a good place to start．
8．What can readers expect to read at the start of the book？( )
A．The development of sleep research．
B．The discovery of rapid-eye-movement．
C．The influence of Kleitman's research．
D．The account of Kleitman's life experiences．
9．What do we know about the subjects in the experiment according to paragraph 3？( )
A．They lived in a modern sports lab．
B．They could do whatever they liked．
C．They had to take their temperature every day．
D．They were cut off from the outside world．
10．What does the underlined phrase“interferes with”in paragraph 4 mean？( )
A．Enhances．
B．Disturbs．
C．Generates．
D．Transforms．
11．The book is suitable for you if you want to know ．( )
A．why evolution favors a good sleep
B．what threats sleep poses to animals
C．where sleep research is heading for
D．how scientists solve sleep disorders
Ⅱ．完形填空(限时12分钟)
(2025·江苏如皋模拟)
Parkrun was founded by Paul Sinton-Hewitt，who was 1 the Royal Society of the Arts'Albert Medal in 2019．He got the honor for his 2 in the field of social improvement．
Parkrun is a free，weekly，community 3 all around the world．The events are 5 km and 4 on Saturday morning in parks and open space．It is a positive and inclusive 5 where there is no time limit and no one finishes last．Everyone is 6 to come along，whether you walk，jog，run，volunteer or watch．
In 2004 Paul had lost his job and he was 7 in an accident．Down but not out，this was the time when the 8 of Parkrun first came to him．On 2nd October 2004，13 amateur runners arrived in Bushy Park，London．Parkrun was born．The first team 9 Paul and his wife Joanne together with a few of their friends．At that time，it was just called a time trial，the name Parkrun was not 10 until 2008，and it became an unexpected phenomenon．
The second Parkrun wasn't 11 until 2007．Shortly after Wimbledon，Richmond，Banstead and Leeds Hyde Parks started to host Parkrun．And then，the number of 12 and events have continued to grow．Parkrun is now a 13 phenomenon，represented in 21 different countries，stretching across five continents．
At the 2019 ceremony，Paul celebrated Parkrun's growth from a tiny 14 to a worldwide movement．Paul praised their empowering movement of real people and communities to do 15 things for themselves and others．
( )1．A．awarded B．showed
C．offered D．given
( )2．A．claim B．announcement
C．development D．innovation
( )3．A．project B．event
C．route D．match
( )4．A．come out B．make sense
C．take place D．break out
( )5．A．experience B．impression
C．position D．feeling
( )6．A．right B．willing
C．active D．welcome
( )7．A．injured B．rescued
C．moved D．killed
( )8．A．question B．reason
C．idea D．cause
( )9．A．attracted B．invited
C．found D．excited
( )10．A．adopted B．adjusted
C．achieved D．abused
( )11．A．set off B．set up
C．given off D．given up
( )12．A．participants B．examinations
C．exploration D．population
( )13．A．local B．national
C．global D．personal
( )14．A．dream B．desire
C．tree D．seed
( )15．A．positive B．attentive
C．productive D．addictive
Ⅲ．应用文写作(限时13分钟)
(2024·安徽四校联考)
假定你是李华，你校体育俱乐部计划与英国某校体育俱乐部通过网上交流会议应用程序(online conference application)共同上一节介绍“Traditional sports events of both countries”的课。请你代表俱乐部发封邮件给对方成员 Bruce，内容包括：
1．发邮件的目的；
2．传统体育的重要性；
3．提出一些建议(包括时间和会议方式等)。
注意：1．写作词数应为 80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Dear Bruce，
How are things going with you
Yours，
Li Hua
8 / 8
