核心词汇 1．contract vt．感染(疾病)；与……订立合同(或契约) n．合同，合约 2．means n．(pl．means)方法，方式；财富，钱财 3．delete vt．删去，删除 4．restore vt．恢复；修复；使复原，使复位 5．ultimately adv．最终；根本上 6．specialize vi．专门研究(或从事)，专攻 7．pace n．发生的速度，节奏；步速；快节奏 vi．& vt．来回踱步，走来走去；确定速度，调整节奏 8．arise vi．(arose，arisen) 发生，出现；(由……)引起，(因……)产生 9．wrestle vi．& vt．奋力对付，努力处理；摔跤 10．characteristic n．特征，特点 adj．典型的，独特的 11．debate vt．& vi．讨论，辩论；仔细考虑，思考 n．讨论，争论；辩论 12．finding n．调查发现，调研结果 13．ripe adj．成熟的；时机成熟的 14．withdraw vi．& vt．(withdrew，withdrawn) 脱离(社会)，不与人交往；(使)撤回；(使)退出；停止提供 15．artificial adj．人工的，人造的；人为的；虚假的 16．tackle vt．应付，处理，解决 17．outgoing adj．外向的 18．conventional adj．传统的，习惯的；依照惯例的，遵循习俗的 19．patent n．专利，专利证书 adj．有专利的，受专利保护的 20．fuel vt．增加，刺激；给……提供燃料 n．燃料 21．solid adj．实心的；固体的；结实的；纯色的 22．switch vi．& vt．转变；交换；调班 n．开关，闸；转变，改变 23．severe adj．十分严重的，极为恶劣的；严厉的；艰难的 24．phenomenon n．(pl．phenomena)现象 25．symbol n．象征；符号，代号 26．widespread adj．分布广的，普遍的，广泛的
阅读词汇 1．gene n．基因 2．lifespan n．寿命，有效期 3．pulse n．脉搏 vi．搏动，跳动；洋溢着 4．physician n．医师，内科医生 5．fundamental adj．十分重大的，根本的；基础的，基本的 n．基本规律，根本法则，基础 6．abuse vt．滥用；虐待；辱骂 n．滥用；虐待；辱骂 7．substance n．物质；要点
拓展词汇 1．chemist n．药剂师，药商；化学家→chemistry n．化学→chemical adj．化学的 2．relate vi．& vt．联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述→related adj．有联系的；相关的→relation n．关系→relationship n．关系 3．restrict vt．限制，限定；束缚，妨碍；约束，管束→restriction n．限制，约束→restricted adj．受限制的 4．prohibit vt．(尤指以法令)禁止；使不可能→ prohibition n．禁止；禁令 5．resistance n．抵抗力；抵制，反对；抵抗，反抗→resist v．抵抗；抵制→resistant adj．抵抗的；抵制的 6．disabled adj．有残疾的，丧失能力的→disable vt．使失去能力，使伤残→disability n．缺陷，障碍 7．disturb vt．使不安；打扰；搅乱→disturbing adj．令人不安的；引起恐慌的→disturbed adj．心神不安的 8．adjust vt．& vi．调整，调节；适应，习惯；整理→adjustment n．调整；调节→adjustable adj．可调节的 9．evidence n．证据，证明；物证，人证 vt．证明，表明→evident adj．显然的→evidently adv．明显地，显然地 10．examine vt．检查，检验；审查，调查；考，测试；审问→examination n．考试；检查 11．anxiety n．焦虑；担心；渴望→anxious adj．焦虑；忧虑；渴望→anxiously adv．焦急地；担忧地 12．infection n．传染，感染→infected adj．感染病菌的→infectious adj．传染性的；有传染力
高频短语 1．relate to 涉及，与……有关 2．put sth．in place 准备就绪 3．date back to 追溯到，始于，自……至今 4．wrestle with 努力处理，全力解决 5．prohibit sb．from doing sth．禁止某人做某事 6．go to great lengths to do sth．竭尽全力做某事，不遗余力做某事 7．play a critical role in 在……中起关键作用 8．without doubt 毫无疑问，的确
句型公式 1．As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace，however，questions arise about how to use it appropriately．(疑问词＋to do) 然而，随着这一技术不断迅速发展，出现了如何合理使用它的问题。 2．Needles are pushed into the skin at these points so that a health problem can be treated．(so that引导目的状语从句) 针在这些部位扎入皮肤，这样健康问题就可以得到治疗。 3．Without them，genome editing could be as dangerous as a car out of control．(without引导含蓄虚拟条件句) 没有它们，基因组编辑就像一辆失控的汽车一样危险。
As we all know，genes play a 1．critical (critic) role in shaping our lives．Our own personal genome not only carries information 2．needed (need) to make us grow and develop，3．but contains information that helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of contracting certain diseases．Geneticists 4．have been trying (try) to identify which genes relate to which diseases，as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention．Genome editing，5．serving (serve) as a new weapon in the fight against diseases，will lead to a fundamental change in our approach to health care．As the technology continues to develop at 6．a fast pace，however，questions arise about how to use it 7．appropriately (appropriate)．We must figure out how 8．to keep (keep) the technology from running wild．This means putting appropriate controls in place to make sure that genome editing will work to our advantage．There is still much to be explored and debated on the subject of genome editing．There is no doubt 9．that genome editing is one of the greatest 10．inventions (invention) in the history of science．
1．relate vi．& vt．联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述
①(人教版选择性必修第二册Unit 3)Put more simply，this means“You are what you eat．”Most people today relate this saying to healthy eating．
②You are encouraged to upload photos，short videos and emojis related (relate) to our festivals on popular social media．
③Campus bullying does great harm to people in relation (relate) to it．
读后续写之感悟
当她把这个故事讲给我听后，我想这件事真的很感人。
After she related this story to me，I thought about how touching this deed really was．
◎relate sth．to sth．把某事物和某事物联系起来
◎relate sth．to sb．向某人叙述/讲述某事
◎relate to 涉及，与……有关；谈到
◎in/with relation to 关于
◎Everything people strive for is related to their interests．
人们奋斗所争取的一切，都同他们的利益有关。
2．means n．方法，方式；财富，钱财
①(外研版选择性必修第一册Unit 2)I honour endurance，perseverance，industry，talent；because these are the means by which men achieve great ends...
② Plenty of technical means have been tried (try)，but the machine still fails to start．
句式升级
(普通表达)Punishment is by no means a wise choice to help children grow physically and mentally．
(高级表达)By no means is punishment a wise choice to help children grow physically and mentally．(倒装结构)
◎by means of 用……办法；借助……
◎by all means 可以；当然行；没问题
◎by no means 决不；一点也不
◎By means of this experience，not only have I seen the world from a different perspective，but also gained a sense of accomplishment．
通过这次经历，我不仅从不同的角度看了世界，而且获得了成就感。
3．prohibit vt．(尤指以法令)禁止；使不可能
①(人教版选择性必修第一册Unit 5)In fact，some pesticides like DDT have been prohibited (prohibit) in most countries because of the damage they cause to people and the environment．
②Some governments restrict or prohibit keeping (keep) some specific animals，such as crocodiles．
词汇升级
(普通表达)People are not allowed to feed birds at the airport．
(高级表达)There's a prohibition against/on feeding birds at the airport．(prohibition)
(高级表达)People are prohibited from feeding birds at the airport．(prohibit)
◎prohibit (one's) doing sth．禁止(某人)做某事
◎prohibit sb．from doing sth．禁止/阻止某人做某事
◎a prohibition on/against (doing) sth．(做)某事的禁令；禁止(做)某事
◎It helps to prohibit the negative effects of prolonged sitting，such as back pain and stiffness．
它有助于防止长时间坐着的负面影响，如背部疼痛和僵硬。
4．equip vt．配备；使有能力
①(外研版选择性必修第二册Unit 2)In this way，they will be better equipped (equip) in their adult lives to make informed choices about how they use the money they have．
②Students'performance in class and learning feedback are all conducted by AI equipment (equip)．
应用文写作之申请信
我具备出色的组织能力和创造性的解决问题的能力，这使我成为这个职位的优秀候选人。
I'm equipped with remarkable organizational skills and creative problem-solving abilities，which makes me a good candidate for the position．
◎equip...with...给……装备/配备上……
◎equip...to do sth．使……有能力做某事
◎equip sb．for...使某人为……做好准备；使某人胜任……
◎Equipped with my beloved camera，I enrolled in an online course to learn the basics of photography．
带着我心爱的相机，我参加了一个在线课程，学习摄影的基础知识。
5．adjust vt．& vi．调整，调节；适应，习惯；整理
①(外研版选择性必修第三册Unit 1)Yet there was so much melancholy and so much gentleness spread over all this that she gradually adjusted to it．
②I tried to stay calm，decide whether to take her suggestions and then make adjustments (adjustment) accordingly．
读后续写之环境描写
突然一阵风吹灭了他的火把，山洞里立刻一片漆黑。过了几秒钟。他的眼睛才逐渐适应了黑暗。
A sudden gust of wind blew out his torch and an absolute darkness ruled the cave immediately．It took seconds before his eyes gradually adjusted to the darkness．
◎adjust...to...调整……以适应……
◎adjust (oneself) to 使(自己)适应；习惯
◎I am wondering whether it is convenient for you．If not，please let me know so that we can make adjustment to suit your schedule．
我想知道你是否方便。如果不，请让我知道，以便我们作出调整，以适应您的日程安排。
6．date back to追溯到，始于，自……至今
①(人教版必修第二册Unit 4)The capital city London is a great place to start，as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating (date) all the way back to Roman times．
②Every year，a good many tourists are attracted to visit the old tower which dates (date) from the eleventh century．
读后续写之景物描写
这片丘陵地区生长着一些世界上最古老的松树，有些可以追溯到一万年前。
The hilly region is home to some of the world's oldest pine trees，some dating back to ten thousand years ago．(独立主格结构)
◎date from 追溯到
◎out of date 过时的；陈旧的
◎up to date 最新的；新式的；现代的
◎to date 迄今为止；到目前为止
◎(改编自《中国日报》)Archaeologists discovered a relatively complete road dating back to the Han Dynasty in Yancheng City．
考古学家在盐城发现了一条相对完整的汉代道路。
7．[教材原句]As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace，however，questions arise about how to use it appropriately．然而，随着这一技术不断迅速发展，出现了如何合理使用它的问题。
①(外研版选择性必修第四册Unit 2) As Morrie says，“Once you learn how to die，you learn how to live (live)．”
②I was a little anxious before I arrived in London because I didn't know what to expect (expect)．
应用文写作之建议信
只有注意你所吃的，并改变你的生活方式，你才能过上健康快乐的生活。
Only by watching what to eat and changing your lifestyle can you lead a healthy and happy life．
◎“特殊疑问词＋不定式”结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语，特殊疑问词包括疑问代词(who，what，which)和疑问副词(when，where，how)。
◎whether后可接不定式，或与or连用，而if不能。
◎Equally attractive are the tips on how to learn English．
同样吸引人的是如何学习英语的建议。
8．[教材原句]Without them，genome editing could be as dangerous as a car out of control．没有它们，基因组编辑就像一辆失控的汽车一样危险。
①(北师大版选择性必修第一册Unit 3)Without forests，we would have (have) no air to breathe，and without clean water we would be (be) unable to survive．
②If I had read the book，I would/should/could/might have told (tell) you about it．
③Without electricity，we would/should/could/might be living (live) in darkness now．
④But for your guidance，I couldn't have made such unbelievable progress in English．
应用文写作之感谢信
如果没有你的帮助，我的中文不可能在这么短的时间内提高得这么快。
①Without/But for your help，I wouldn't have improved my Chinese so rapidly in such a short time．
②If it were not for your help I wouldn't have improved my Chinese so rapidly in such a short time．(if引导的虚拟条件句)
◎without引导的状语可用来表示一种假设，表示与实际情况相反，这种条件称为含蓄条件。
(1)在这种含蓄条件句中，句子谓语动词的变化如下：
a．与现在事实相反：谓语动词用would/could/should/ might＋动词原形。
b．与过去事实相反：谓语动词用would/could/should/might ＋ have done。
c．与将来事实相反：谓语动词用would/could/should/ might＋动词原形。
(2)类似without这样能够表示含蓄条件的词语还有：but for(要不是)，otherwise(否则)，or(否则)等。
◎“Thank you！”he uttered．“Without you，I would never taste such sense of achievement of challenging myself．”
“谢谢！”他说道，“没有你，我永远无法体会到这种挑战自我的成就感。”
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．Equipped with modern medical equipment，they by no means let the refugees in the flood disappointed．(equip)
2．To prohibit such tragedies from happening again，more volunteers with related (relate) experience are being recruited．
3．Seeing her husband pacing (pace) back and forth，the woman arose (arise) from her seat and asked him to stop．
4．A serious accident disabled Tom，and in spite of his disability，the disabled man always keeps an optimistic state of mind．(disable)
5．The desks and chairs are adjustable and you can adjust them to the height of the students．The adjustment is not difficult to make．(adjust)
6．Children normally feel a great deal of anxiety about their exams，which their parents are also anxious about．(anxious)
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．arise
A．v．起床 B．v．(由……)引起 C．v．起身 D．v．出现；产生
(1)Gathering up all his courage，he finally felt himself，arose again and walked onto the stage slowly and firmly． C
(2)Now a team of researchers has found how and why this trend arose． D
(3)They arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park． A
(4)As is known to all，traffic accidents often arise from carelessness． B
2．switch
A．n．开关 B．n．改变，转变 C．v．调班 D．v．改变，转变
(1)Please press the switch on your right to turn the lights off． A
(2)I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago． D
(3)I can't work next weekend—can you switch with me？ C
(4)Perhaps your household won't entirely make the switch，but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire． B
3．She was deeply affected by the story，tears rolling down her cheeks． A
A．v．深深打动 B．v．侵袭，使感染
C．v．假装
4．(2021·天津3月卷)Let your expertise in one field fuel your passions in all related areas． B
A．v．给……提供燃料 B．v．增加，刺激
C．v．给(交通工具)加油
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．此外，因为演讲是我的强项，我知道在某些场合该说什么。
Besides，since making speeches is my strength，I know what to say on certain occasions．
2．我的同学建议制作单词卡，这样我就可以随时随地地阅读单词。
My classmates suggested making word cards so that I could read the words whenever and wherever I could．
3．没有您对我无私的关爱，我不可能有现在这样灿烂的人生。
Without your selfless devotion to me，I wouldn't have such a bright life now．
近年来，中学生近视率呈上升趋势。请你为学校“英语园地”宣传栏写一份倡议书，呼吁大家合理用眼，保护视力。倡议书内容包括：
1．倡议的原因和目的；
2．提出合理用眼的建议。
注意：写作词数应为80左右。
写作微练
①近年来，越来越多的学生近视。
Recent years have witnessed an increasing number of students who become nearsighted．
②这一现象引起了公众对青少年视力问题的关注。(bring...to...)
This phenomenon brings eyesight problems of teenagers to public attention．
③我呼吁每个人都采取有效措施保护我们的视力。(measures)
I call on everyone to take effective measures to protect our eyesight．
④我们可以养成一种习惯，在学习时停下来几分钟，看看远处的物体，定期休息一下。
We can form a habit and stop for a few minutes during our study and look at distant objects to get regular breaks．
⑤我们需要与阅读材料保持至少三十厘米的距离。(keep...away from)
We should keep at least 30 centimeters away from the reading material．
⑥一旦出现视力问题的迹象，立即去看医生。(consult)
Whenever signs of eyesight problems occur，consult a doctor immediately．
句式升级
⑦用动词-ing形式作结果状语合并句①和句②
Recent years have witnessed an increasing number of students who become nearsighted，bringing eyesight problems of teenagers to public attention．
⑧用it作形式宾语升级句④
We can make it a habit to stop for a few minutes during our study and look at distant objects to get regular breaks．
妙笔成篇
Protect Our Eyesight
Recent years have witnessed an increasing number of students who become nearsighted，bringing eyesight problems of teenagers to public attention．Therefore，I call on everyone to take effective measures to protect our eyesight．
We can make it a habit to stop for a few minutes during our study and look at distant objects to get regular breaks．Besides，we should keep at least 30 centimeters away from the reading material．Last but not least，whenever signs of eyesight problems occur，consult a doctor immediately．
In these ways，we can protect ourselves from becoming nearsighted．
语料积累
教材语料 亮词 specialize；affect；identify；fundamental；equip；head-on
美句 1．I am full of excitement about the possibilities this scientific advance can bring． 2．As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace，however，questions arise about how to use it appropriately． 3．Hopefully，more and more people in need of robotic limbs will be equipped with them and enjoy a higher quality of life．
拓展语料 单词 crawl 爬行；creep 匍匐爬行；scramble 攀登；climb攀登；kick 踢；jump 跳；tread 踩，踏；leap/skip/spring 跳跃；slip溜走，滑倒；hop单脚跳；inch 慢慢移动
语块 rise/get to one's feet 站起来；jump/leap to one's feet 跳起来；drag one's feet 拖着脚步；tap/stamp one's feet 跺脚；put one's feet up 架起双腿休息；shaky/trembling legs 颤抖的双腿；cross one's legs 盘腿；plant one's feet稳稳地站着
句型 1．He sprang to his feet and rushed to give me a bear hug． 他突然跳起来，冲过来给了我一个熊抱。 2．The mother was chatting happily with her customer，her daughter stamping her feet impatiently to imply it's time to go． 当母亲高兴地和顾客聊天时，女儿不耐烦地跺脚，暗示该走了。 3．He sank in the sofa，crossed his legs and rested his chin on one fist，lost in deep thought． 他跌坐在沙发中，盘起双腿，用拳头支着下巴，陷入了沉思。 4．“I'm gonna be a Lady Tiger，”she whooped，skipping into the room and throwing her arms in the air． “我要成为一只老虎小姐，”她欢呼着，蹦蹦跳跳地走进房间，把胳膊挥向空中。
语料运用
①洛奇盘着腿，在他们卡车的前座上睡着了。(with复合结构)
Rocky was asleep on the front seat of their truck，with his legs crossed．
②突然，卡车翻到了一个山谷里。洛奇挣扎着从卡车里爬出来，穿过狭窄的空间。
Suddenly，the truck turned over down to a valley．Rocky struggled to crawl out of the truck through narrow space．
③然后他溜进开着的窗户，想把他弟弟拉出来，但没有成功。
Then he slid through the open window，trying to pull his brother out，but in vain．
④洛奇在黑暗中摸索着，成功地爬到了路上。
Rocky felt his way in the dark and successfully climbed up to the road．
⑤洛奇用颤抖的双腿站了起来，大声呼救。
Rising to his feet on shaky legs，Rocky yelled out aloud for help．
课时数智作业(三十五)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A 篇(限时6分钟)
(2024·湖南长沙模拟)
Dramatic progress has been witnessed in the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) which benefits from those great contributions some ancient famous doctors made and some experience they accumulated．The following three stand out among the ancient famous doctors．
Hua Tuo
Hua Tuo (145－208)，famous physician of the late Eastern Han Dynasty，also named Fu，was born at Qiao County in Peiguo (now Bozhou，Anhui Province)．He led a simple life，away from fame and fortune．He would rather become a traveling physician for ordinary people．
Hua Tuo was an expert in several medical fields，such as internal medicine，surgery，gynecology，pediatrics and acupuncture．He was the first person to perform surgery with the aid of anesthesia (by applying Ma Fei San，a herbal anesthetic he invented) some 1，600 years before Europeans did．
Zhang Zhongjing
Zhang Zhongjing (about 150－219)，also known as Zhang Ji，was one of the most distinguished Chinese physicians during the later years of the Eastern Han Dynasty．He lived in today's Nanyang in Henan Province．He was known as the“medical sage”by later generations due to his outstanding contributions to TCM．
During his time，with warlords (军阀) fighting for their own territories，many people were infected with febrility，an illness caused by fever．Zhang's family was no exception．The experience stimulated his motivation in medicine．He learned medicine by studying from his town's fellow Zhang Bozu，absorbing previous medicinal literature，collecting many prescriptions，and finally writing the medical masterpiece Shanghan Zabing Lun．Unfortunately shortly after its publication the book was lost during wartime．
Li Shizhen
Li Shizhen (1518－1593) was a famous medical scientist in the Ming Dynasty．He loved medicine from an early age and succeeded his ancestors as a doctor．He not only paid attention to accumulating experience in curing diseases，but also visited the famous mountains where medicinal materials were produced．
On this basis，it took him 27 years to compile (编著) the pharmaceutical masterpiece，Compendium of Materia Medica，which is known as the“Encyclopedia of Ancient China”and has made an important contribution to the development of Chinese classical medicine．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国古代三位名医。
1．What do the three famous doctors mentioned in the passage have in common？( )
A．Their books never come out．
B．They traveled extensively across China．
C．They led the way worldwide in their own experts．
D．They contributed themselves to the development of TCM．
D [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Dramatic progress has been witnessed in the Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) which benefits from those great contributions some ancient famous doctors made and some experience they accumulated．”可知，本文提及的三位名医的相同点是都对中医做出了巨大贡献。故选D。]
2．What can we learn from the passage？( )
A．Hua Tuo was desperate for reputation and fortune．
B．Li Shizhen came from a family of doctors．
C．Li Shizhen survived Zhang Zhongjing by 9 years．
D．Zhang Zhongjing's medical masterpiece vanished before published．
B [推理判断题。根据Li Shizhen部分的“He loved medicine from an early age and succeeded his ancestors as a doctor．”可推知，李时珍出身于医学世家。故选B。]
3．In which section of a magazine may this passage appear？( )
A．Healthy lifestyles． B．Daily entertainment．
C．Historical figures． D．Fitness management．
C [文章出处题。根据第一段最后一句“The following three stand out among the ancient famous doctors．”和下文的内容可知，本文主要介绍了华佗、张仲景、李时珍三位中国古代名医及其贡献，由此可推测出，本文最有可能在杂志的历史人物版块出现。故选C。]
B 篇(限时7分钟)
(2024·河北承德二模)
Genetic researchers at the University of Cambridge in Britain say ancient DNA shows why northern Europeans have a higher risk of getting a nerve disease than other Europeans．The disease is called multiple sclerosis (多发性硬化) or MS．
A study released in 2023 said it identified the earliest evidence of horse riding in people called the Yamnaya．The scientists say they lived 4，500 to 5，000 years ago during the Bronze Age period of human history．
The Yamnaya moved from the grasslands of what is now Ukraine and Russia into north-western Europe．However，the researchers say those people carried gene versions that today are known to increase a person's risk of MS．The researchers added that they believe the same genes protected those herders (牧民) from infections from their cattle and sheep．
The finding was made possible by a gene bank with thousands of examples of early humans in Europe and western Asia．While MS can strike any population，it is most common among white descendants (后代) of northern Europeans．Scientists have been unable to explain why．
The cause of the disease is not known．However，one theory is that infections could cause it in people who have certain genetic qualities．Scientists say they have found 230 genetic variants that might increase the risk of MS．
The researchers studied DNA from about 1，600 ancient Eurasians．They used the information to develop a map of population movements in northern Europe．They said farmers from the Middle East began pushing out hunter-gatherers about 5，000 years ago．Then the Yamnaya moved in．They travelled with horses and wagons and herded cattle and sheep．
The research team compared the ancient DNA to the genetic information of 400，000 modern-day people stored in UK Biobank in Britain．They wanted to see if MS-linked genetic variations persisted (持续存在) in the north．That is the part of Europe where the Yamnaya moved，rather than southern Europe．
In what is now Denmark，the Yamnaya replaced ancient farmers，making them the closest ancestors of modern Danes．Rates of MS are especially high in the northern part of Europe known as Scandinavia．The findings raise additional questions and suggest a need for more research．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究发现古老的DNA表明了为什么北欧人比其他欧洲人患神经疾病的风险更高。
4．Which of the following is currently clear in the research？( )
A．Northern Europeans are easy targets of MS．
B．The MS genes can't be passed down between generations．
C．The MS genes protected the Yamnaya from infections with MS．
D．There are 230 genetic variants that definitely increase the risk of MS．
A [细节理解题。根据第一段“...northern Europeans have a higher risk of getting a nerve disease than other Europeans．The disease is called multiple sclerosis or MS．”可知，北欧人很容易成为多发性硬化症的目标。故选A。]
5．What method was mainly used in the published research？( )
A．Performing DNA data comparison．
B．Referring to various historical materials．
C．Drawing a distribution map of MS patients．
D．Tracking patients throughout the entire process．
A [细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The research team compared the ancient DNA to the genetic information of 400，000 modern-day people stored in UK Biobank in Britain．”可知，在发表的研究中主要使用了DNA数据比较的方法。故选A。]
6．Where could the ancestors of modern Danes possibly come from？( )
A．The Middle East．
B．The current regions of Ukraine and Russia．
C．The northern Europe．
D．The southern Europe．
B [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The Yamnaya moved from the grasslands of what is now Ukraine and Russia into north-western Europe．”以及最后一段中的“In what is now Denmark，the Yamnaya replaced ancient farmers，making them the closest ancestors of modern Danes．”可知，现代丹麦人的祖先可能来自乌克兰和俄罗斯目前的地区。故选B。]
7．What can be the best title for the text？( )
A．The Mystery of the Scandinavian
B．A Map of Ancient Population Movements in Europe
C．Researchers Find Link to Nerve Disease in Ancient DNA
D．The Genetic Inheritance of the Ancestors of Modern Danes
C [标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了研究发现古老的DNA表明了为什么北欧人比其他欧洲人患神经疾病的风险更高。故文章最适合的标题是“研究人员在古代DNA中发现了与神经疾病的联系”。故选C。]
C 篇(限时7分钟)
(2024·湖南岳阳三模)
Rich variety exists in primates (灵长目动物)．Monkeys roll on snowy Japanese mountains，gorillas chew fruit on Sumatra，lemurs jump between trees in Madagascar，and the naked apes—humans—walk proudly on two legs worldwide．Scientists can now study the DNA differences beyond that diversity，thanks to a databank of genomes from 233 species．
To understand the good and bad of human evolution—both our extraordinary adaptations and disease-causing changes—scientists must compare the genomes of Homo sapiens (智人) to our closest evolutionary relatives，the primates．But researchers investigating diverse topics，from contemporary genetic diseases to human origins，have long faced a roadblock when pursuing this approach：While genomic data exists from millions of people，most of the 500-plus primate species never had their genomes read．So，in 2019，Tomàs Marquès-Bonet at the Institute of Evolutionary Biology，in Barcelona，Spain，and other biologists teamed up with disease researchers at the company Illumina，determined to obtain as many primate genomes as possible．
Navigating wilderness and local permitting laws，the international researchers obtained hundreds of blood samples from wild and caged animals in South America，Africa，and Asia．Arranging DNA from these samples and adding data from previous studies，the team built a bank of 809 genomes from individual baboons，gorillas，gibbons，and more，representing nearly half the known primate species．
The data revealed insights about human origins and health，as well as primate conservation，published by more than 100 scientists across 10 papers in Science and Science Advances in June 2023．One study trained artificial intelligence to search human genomes for DNA differences likely to cause disease，based on whether non-human primates can live with those variants．According to Marquès-Bonet，“We now have a really good list of the foundations of our species”and a“good idea of the kind of variations that are tolerated in any primate”—including humans．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们通过灵长类动物基因组数据库来研究DNA的差异。
8．What can we learn from paragraph 1？( )
A．Primates vary mainly in habitats．
B．Scientists focus on the diversity of primates．
C．There are 233 species of primates in the world．
D．Primate genomes are important for studying the DNA differences．
D [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Rich variety exists in primates”和“Scientists can now study the DNA differences beyond that diversity，thanks to a databank of genomes from 233 species．”可知，灵长类动物的基因组对于研究DNA的差异非常重要。故选D。]
9．Why did the scientists build the databank of genomes？( )
A．To cure human's various genetic diseases．
B．To help human adapt to the environment．
C．To investigate the process of human evolution．
D．To understand the strength and drawback of human evolution．
D [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To understand the good and bad of human evolution”可知，科学家们建立基因组数据库的目的是去了解人类进化的优点与不足。故选D。]
10．What is paragraph 3 mainly about？( )
A．The reasons for building the databank．
B．The process of building the databank．
C．The impacts of building the databank．
D．The difficulties in building the databank．
B [段落大意题。根据第三段中的“Arranging DNA from these samples and adding data from previous studies，the team built a bank of 809 genomes...”可知，本段介绍的是建立数据库的过程。故选B。]
11．What does Marquès-Bonet think of the databank？( )
A．It still needs to be improved．
B．It is of great value to future research．
C．It is of little help to future research．
D．It is unclear whether it's of help to future research．
B [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“We now have a really good list of the foundations of our species”可推断出，Marquès-Bonet认为这个数据库对今后的研究具有非常重要的价值。故选B。]
Ⅱ．完形填空(限时12分钟)
(2025·安徽芜湖模拟)
I grew up with my identical twin．One thing about being a(n) 1 is that it makes you an expert in spotting favoritism (偏爱)．If his cookie was slightly bigger than mine，I was 2 although I wasn't hungry．
When I became a psychologist，I began to 3 how much more we 4 the body than we do the mind．I spent nine years earning my doctorate (博士学位) in psychology，and I can't tell you how many people look at my business card and say，“Oh—a psychologist．So，not a 5 doctor．”This favoritism we show the body over the mind can be seen everywhere．
I was at my friends'house，and their five-year-old was standing on a stool (凳子)，brushing his teeth．His skin on his leg was 6 when he fell from the stool．He immediately 7 for a box of Band-Aids to put one on his cut．This kid could 8 tie his shoelaces，but he knew he had to 9 a cut．We all know how to look after our physical health．But what about our psychological health？Well，nothing．
We 10 psychological injuries even more often than we do physical ones，injuries like failure or loneliness．However，we often 11 them．Even though there are scientific techniques to 12 psychological injuries，we don't．“Oh，you're feeling depressed？Just 13 ；it's all in your head．”Can you imagine saying that to somebody with a broken 14 ：“Oh，just walk it off．”
It's time we made our physical and our psychological 15 more equal，more like twins．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者双胞胎经历和小孩处理伤口的例子，揭示了人们对身体与心理伤害的不同态度，强调了应重视并平等对待心理健康。
( )1．A．hero B．twin
C．winner D．artist
B [根据上文“I grew up with my identical twin．”及常识可知，作为双胞胎之一，作者是一位发现偏爱的专家。故选B。]
( )2．A．weak B．tired
C．upset D．embarrassed
C [根据上文“If his cookie was slightly bigger than mine”及下文“although I wasn't hungry”可知，作者会因为饼干大小的不平等而感到不高兴。故选C。]
( )3．A．notice B．doubt
C．worry D．deny
A [根据下文“how much more we the body than we do the mind”及语境可知，这是作者成为心理学家后注意到的现象。故选A。]
( )4．A．fuel B．value
C．defend D．affect
B [根据下文“This favoritism we show the body over the mind can be seen everywhere．”可知，这里是指人们更重视身体而非心理。故选B。]
( )5．A．private B．real
C．potential D．responsible
B [根据上文“Oh—a psychologist．So，not a”及常识可知，人们认为心理学家不是“真正的”医生，因为他们通常将“医生”这个词与治疗身体疾病的医疗专家联系在一起。故选B。]
( )6．A．burned B．twisted
C．damaged D．dirtied
C [根据下文“when he fell from the stool”及常识可知，从凳子上摔下来可能会导致皮肤擦伤或受损。故选C。]
( )7．A．made up B．went in
C．watched out D．reached out
D [根据下文“for a box of Band-Aids to put one on his cut”及常识可知，小男孩伸手去拿创可贴。故选D。]
( )8．A．readily B．voluntarily
C．hardly D．carefully
C [根据下文转折连词“but”可知，此句通过对比，说明小男孩虽然年纪小，生活技能不熟练，几乎不会系鞋带，但却对处理伤口有基本的认识。故选C。]
( )9．A．avoid B．cover
C．expose D．hide
B [根据上文“put one on his cut”可知，这里是说要用创可贴等“覆盖”伤口，也就是处理伤口。故选B。]
( )10．A．dislike B．escape
C．suffer D．overcome
C [根据下文“psychological injuries even more often than we do physical ones”及语境可知，这里指遭受心理伤害。故选C。]
( )11．A．fear B．hug
C．ignore D．mistake
C [根据上文描述及转折词“However”可知，尽管心理伤害频繁发生，但我们常常选择忽视它们。故选C。]
( )12．A．treat B．discover
C．predict D．replace
A [根据语境可知，此处指的是有治疗心理创伤的方法。故选A。]
( )13．A．keep it up B．check it out
C．work it out D．shake it off
D [根据上文“Oh，you're feeling depressed？”及下文的“it's all in your head”可知，这里是一种轻描淡写的安慰，让对方仅仅摆脱沮丧即可。故选D。]
( )14．A．leg B．head
C．back D．arm
A [根据下文“walk it off”可知，这里是比喻，用“断腿”来类比心理创伤，指出我们不能对身体伤害如此轻视。故选A。]
( )15．A．benefit B．health
C．wealth D．fame
B [根据全文主题及上文对身体和心理伤害的讨论可知，这里呼吁对身心健康给予平等的关注。故选B。]
Ⅲ．应用文写作(限时13分钟)
学校英文报正在开展以“Protecting Our Eyes to Enjoy a Bright World”为题的讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1．描述学生近视率状况；
2．简单评论；
3．你的建议。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．短文题目和首句已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Protecting Our Eyes to Enjoy a Bright World
The health of children's vision is facing a growing threat．
【参考范文】
Protecting Our Eyes to Enjoy a Bright World
The health of children's vision is facing a growing threat．
Data shows that 14.3 percent of pre-school kids are nearsighted．The rate is 35.6 percent for primary school students，71.1 percent for junior high school pupils and 80.5 percent for senior high school students．The age for the beginning of short-sightedness is getting younger．Meanwhile，there is the rapid progression of short-sightedness during the middle school．
To tackle the growing problem，schools should reduce the academic burden of students and increase the time of outdoor activities．What's more，we should attach importance to our visual health and control the time spent on electronic devices．
课时数智作业
(教师备选)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟)
(2025·江苏淮安模拟)
A form of gene therapy that is already being trialed in patients with Parkinson's disease might provide a treatment for severe alcohol addiction．
Alcohol misuse is the biggest risk factor for death，disability and ill health among people aged 15 to 49 in the UK，responsible for 9，641 deaths during 2021．Like other addictive substances，alcohol triggers the release of a feel-good chemical in the brain called dopamine．However，long-term drinking decreases dopamine release，and people who are addicted to alcohol don't tend to feel pleasure in drinking it any more．“It seems that they're drinking more because they feel a need to maintain a drunk state，”said Prof Kathleen Grant at Oregon Health and Science University．
The idea of the gene therapy was to try to reset this dopamine reward pathway by enhancing the function of brain cells that synthesize dopamine．Like humans，some macaque monkeys are more likely to drink heavily than others：if you begin to offer them the choice of 5% alcohol alongside their regular food and water，some monkeys will eventually almost always choose the alcohol．Grant and her colleagues wondered whether resetting their dopamine reward pathways might contain their desire to drink alcohol．To do this，they used a harmless virus to deliver the gene for a protein called glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) to an area of the brain that is involved in addiction and reward．“We targeted the cell bodies that produce dopamine with this gene to increase dopamine synthesis，thus supplementing or restoring what long-term drinking has taken away，”Grant said．
The research，which was published in Nature Medicine，found that the macaques permanently started overexpressing dopamine and decreased their alcohol consumption by up to 90%.“We are entering an era of gene therapy for neurological disorders and perhaps mental disorders，and I think this study is very promising in that direction，”Grant said．
She added that animal studies are needed before the technique could be tested on humans．Also，because the gene therapy procedure involves brain surgery，it would probably only ever be used in the most severe cases of alcohol addiction．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种已经在帕金森氏病患者身上进行试验的基因疗法可能可以为严重的酒精成瘾者提供治疗。
1．Why do severe alcohol addicts drink more？( )
A．Because they long for desired pleasure．
B．Because they have a form of gene defect．
C．Because they want to escape from reality．
D．Because they suffer from deadly disability．
A [推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Like other addictive substances，alcohol triggers the release of a feel-good chemical in the brain called dopamine．”可推知，重度嗜酒者喝得更多是因为他们渴望想要的快乐。故选A。]
2．What does the underlined word“synthesize”mean？( )
A．Stimulate． B．Produce．
C．Charge． D．Delay．
B [词义猜测题。根据画线单词所在句中的“The idea of the gene therapy was to try to reset this dopamine reward pathway by enhancing the function of brain cells...(基因疗法的想法是试图通过增强脑细胞的功能来重置多巴胺奖励通路……)”并结合上文可知，此处为通过增强合成多巴胺的脑细胞的功能。故可猜测，画线单词synthesize为“合成”的意思。故选B。]
3．What did Grant's study focus on？( )
A．The life habit of macaque monkeys．
B．The way to control alcohol addiction．
C．The working mechanism of dopamine．
D．The function of the protein called GDNF．
B [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Grant and her colleagues wondered whether resetting their dopamine reward pathways might contain their desire to drink alcohol．(格兰特和她的同事们想知道重置多巴胺奖励通路是否会抑制他们喝酒的欲望。)”可知，格兰特的研究重点是控制酒瘾的方法。故选B。]
4．What did Grant suggest about the gene therapy？( )
A．Employ it to treat severe alcohol addiction only．
B．Replace it with more efficient methods if necessary．
C．Confirm its effectiveness with more tests on humans．
D．Put it into widespread use on other common species．
A [细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Also，because the gene therapy procedure involves brain surgery，it would probably only ever be used in the most severe cases of alcohol addiction．”可知，格兰特对基因疗法的建议是仅用于治疗严重的酒精成瘾。故选A。]
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟)
(2024·江苏南京二模)
Gamba has a lifelong fear of dentists．“It was much easier to accept the toothache，”he says．
1 ，there are times when you have to seek proper dental care．Fortunately，many dentists are specially trained in handling fearful patients．A variety of methods are also available to reduce pain and fear when you are in the dentist's chair．
The best dentists use simple methods to create a feeling of control．They gently explain what the patient will feel，and for about how long．They frequently ask the patient for permission to continue． 2 ．Their working places are barely recognizable as a dentist's office．Free of posters showing the horrors of dental diseases，some even have a fireplace in the waiting room and some have a treatment room overlooking a waterfall． 3 ，your body may still fear that chair．Here are some tips that may help you：
·Go to the dentist with someone you trust，such as a close relative who has no fear of dentists．If possible，ask him/her to sit with you during the treatment．
· 4 ．Listen to your own music on headphones—a new CD，not one you've heard a lot，so you'll be a little more interested in it．Or find a dental clinic with a TV in the treatment room．
·Try relaxation techniques．Controlled breathing—taking a big breath，holding it，and letting it out slowly—will slow your heartbeat and relax your muscles．
As the pain from Gamba's wisdom teeth worsened，he found support online through a forum for people with dental fear．He also found a dentist，who advertises his skill with fearful patients．“ 5 ，”Gamba says before going．But the dentist put him so at ease that he agreed to receive treatment right away．“And it was painless，”he says．
A．Add your favorite songs to the playlist
B．Shift attention while in the dentist's chair
C．It wouldn't be possible without the dentists'support
D．I convinced myself that I was just going to talk with the dentist
E．Even if your mind tells you you'll be just fine in such circumstances
F．Although you would never look forward to a spell in the dentist's chair
G．Some dentists even go out of their way to create a nonthreatening environment
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。作者详细解释了对于害怕牙医的人来说，如何在必要时寻求适当的牙科护理，并介绍了多种方法来减少在牙医椅子上的疼痛和恐惧。
1．F [根据上下文可知，甘巴害怕看牙医，忍受牙痛，但有时必须寻求适当的牙科治疗。因此，这里需要一个转折来引出即使不愿意也得面对的情况。F选项能承上启下，符合题意。故选F。]
2．G [根据上下文可知，此处应衔接关于牙医如何营造轻松环境的信息。G选项能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。]
3．E [上文提到诊所环境的改变，如瀑布景观等，意在减轻身体上的恐惧感，下文说身体仍然害怕那把椅子。此处作为过渡句，应指出即便心理上接受了，身体可能仍会有恐惧反应。E选项能承上启下，符合题意。故选E。]
4．B [根据下文可知，本段主要讲述了一些帮助患者在牙医诊疗过程中分散注意力的方法，如听音乐或看电视等。B选项能引起下文，符合题意。故选B。]
5．D [根据下文“But the dentist put him so at ease that he agreed to receive treatment right away．”可知，在此之前，甘巴内心是紧张的。D选项表明了甘巴试图说服自己以减轻紧张情绪的状态，能引起下文，符合题意。故选D。]
Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟)
“China plans to expand its space station to six modules (舱) from three in coming years，”a researcher at the China Academy of Space Technology said．
The space station will play 1． important role as“space home port”，2． (provide) an alternative platform for near-Earth missions as the International Space Station (ISS) nears the end of its lifespan．The ISS 3． (expect) to be decommissioned (退役) after 2030．The lifetime of the Chinese space station will be more than 15 years．It is longer than the 10 years the country 4． (previous) announced．
China's self-built space station，also 5． (know) as Sky Palace，or Tiangong in Chinese，has been 6． full operation since late 2022．And it hosts a maximum of three astronauts at an orbital altitude of up to 450 kilometers．
It will have a weight of 180 tonnes after expansion，about 40 percent of the mass of the ISS，7． has been in orbit for over two decades．
Regarding the expansion，another module is also in the plan．Other plans，including the development of large space telescopes，3D printers，intelligent robots 8． a warning system，are also underway．
Chinese state media said that China would be matchless as the ISS was approaching 9． (retire)，and added that China had been requested by several countries 10． (send) their astronauts to the Chinese station．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了中国计划在未来几年内将其“天宫”空间站从三个模块扩展到六个模块，为其他国家的宇航员提供一个执行近地任务的平台。
1．an [考查冠词。play a(n)...role“发挥……作用”。important的发音以元音音素开头，用an。故填an。]
2．providing [考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词形式作状语，表示理所应当的结果，用动词-ing形式短语作结果状语。故填providing。]
3．is expected [考查时态、语态和主谓一致。be expected to do sth．“被期待做某事”，expect与主语The ISS是被动关系，用被动语态，描述事实用一般现在时，主语是单数。故填is expected。]
4．previously [考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词announced。故填previously。]
5．known [考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词形式，know与station是逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填known。]
6．in [考查介词。in operation“在运行中”为固定短语。故填in。]
7．which [考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the ISS，先行词在定语从句中作主语，指物。故填which。]
8．and [考查连词。此处为多个名词短语并列作介词of的宾语，最后一个名词短语前应用and连接。故填and。]
9．retirement [考查名词。此处作approaching的宾语，用名词。故填retirement。]
10．to send [考查非谓语动词。be requested to do sth．“被请求做某事”，用不定式作主语补足语。故填to send。]
Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·江苏南通三模)
Bill Sumiel was having a tough Friday．It was October 2020，and the 71-year-old，who was dealing with kidney failure (肾衰竭) and had been on dialysis (血液透析) for a few years，found himself at the hospital 30 miles from home for the second time in 24 hours．The day before，his brother had driven him for a routine declotting (去除血块)，but it unexpectedly blocked again that night．
Sumiel was no stranger to the struggles of kidney disease．He'd been diagnosed with diabetes (糖尿病) more than 20 years before，which led to his kidney problems．He was on the list of the kidney transplant program，but no matches had yet appeared．So he continued with his treatments，including the periodic declotting that had failed this time．This time，Sumiel took a taxi to and from his appointment．
Timothy Letts，31，was driving north to visit a friend when his phone received the request for Sumiel's ride home．The trip was out of Letts's way．Still，he took the fare，figuring if the passenger was coming from a hospital，he likely needed a ride．
When Sumiel got into the car，Letts could see that the older man was not energetic but in good spirits．And as they set out on the 40-minute drive to Sumiel's home，the pair started chatting．
Letts shared with Sumiel that he was a proud Army veteran (老兵) and Sumiel mentioned that in the past he'd enjoyed volunteering at his church and in his community，even serving as president of the city council．But he was doing less these days，he explained，because the dialysis treatments left him exhausted and he was searching for a kidney donor．
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
This hit Timothy Letts deeply．
Weeks later，Letts received a call from the hospital，saying he was a perfect match．
【参考范文】
This hit Timothy Letts deeply． He sat in silence for a moment．As an Army veteran，Letts had seen the worst of humanity，but he had also witnessed the beauty of compassion and selflessness．Time ticking by，“Sumiel，”he said gently，breaking the silence，“I'm willing to be tested to see if I could be a match for you．”“Thank you，Timothy，”Sumiel said，his voice choked with emotion．Then they contacted the hospital for the testing．The rest of the ride was filled with conversation about their lives，their families，and the challenges they had faced．
Weeks later，Letts received a call from the hospital，saying he was a perfect match． His heart was filled with pride and happiness as he imagined the impact this would have on Bill Sumiel's life．The transplant surgery was a success，and Sumiel's new kidney allowed him to regain his strength and energy．He was able to resume his volunteer work and even ran for re-election as president of the city council．The story became a legend in their community．It was a reminder of the power of kindness and selflessness and the impact that one person can have on another's life．
1 / 32课时数智作业(三十五)
选择性必修第二册 UNIT 3 Fit for life
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A 篇(限时6分钟)
(2024·湖南长沙模拟)
Dramatic progress has been witnessed in the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) which benefits from those great contributions some ancient famous doctors made and some experience they accumulated．The following three stand out among the ancient famous doctors．
Hua Tuo
Hua Tuo (145－208)，famous physician of the late Eastern Han Dynasty，also named Fu，was born at Qiao County in Peiguo (now Bozhou，Anhui Province)．He led a simple life，away from fame and fortune．He would rather become a traveling physician for ordinary people．
Hua Tuo was an expert in several medical fields，such as internal medicine，surgery，gynecology，pediatrics and acupuncture．He was the first person to perform surgery with the aid of anesthesia (by applying Ma Fei San，a herbal anesthetic he invented) some 1，600 years before Europeans did．
Zhang Zhongjing
Zhang Zhongjing (about 150－219)，also known as Zhang Ji，was one of the most distinguished Chinese physicians during the later years of the Eastern Han Dynasty．He lived in today's Nanyang in Henan Province．He was known as the “medical sage” by later generations due to his outstanding contributions to TCM．
During his time，with warlords (军阀) fighting for their own territories，many people were infected with febrility，an illness caused by fever．Zhang's family was no exception．The experience stimulated his motivation in medicine．He learned medicine by studying from his town's fellow Zhang Bozu，absorbing previous medicinal literature，collecting many prescriptions，and finally writing the medical masterpiece Shanghan Zabing Lun．Unfortunately shortly after its publication the book was lost during wartime．
Li Shizhen
Li Shizhen (1518－1593) was a famous medical scientist in the Ming Dynasty．He loved medicine from an early age and succeeded his ancestors as a doctor．He not only paid attention to accumulating experience in curing diseases，but also visited the famous mountains where medicinal materials were produced．
On this basis，it took him 27 years to compile (编著) the pharmaceutical masterpiece，Compendium of Materia Medica，which is known as the “Encyclopedia of Ancient China” and has made an important contribution to the development of Chinese classical medicine．
1．What do the three famous doctors mentioned in the passage have in common？( )
A．Their books never come out．
B．They traveled extensively across China．
C．They led the way worldwide in their own experts．
D．They contributed themselves to the development of TCM．
2．What can we learn from the passage？( )
A．Hua Tuo was desperate for reputation and fortune．
B．Li Shizhen came from a family of doctors．
C．Li Shizhen survived Zhang Zhongjing by 9 years．
D．Zhang Zhongjing's medical masterpiece vanished before published．
3．In which section of a magazine may this passage appear？( )
A．Healthy lifestyles． B．Daily entertainment．
C．Historical figures． D．Fitness management．
B 篇(限时7分钟)
(2024·河北承德二模)
Genetic researchers at the University of Cambridge in Britain say ancient DNA shows why northern Europeans have a higher risk of getting a nerve disease than other Europeans．The disease is called multiple sclerosis (多发性硬化) or MS．
A study released in 2023 said it identified the earliest evidence of horse riding in people called the Yamnaya．The scientists say they lived 4，500 to 5，000 years ago during the Bronze Age period of human history．
The Yamnaya moved from the grasslands of what is now Ukraine and Russia into north-western Europe．However，the researchers say those people carried gene versions that today are known to increase a person's risk of MS．The researchers added that they believe the same genes protected those herders (牧民) from infections from their cattle and sheep．
The finding was made possible by a gene bank with thousands of examples of early humans in Europe and western Asia．While MS can strike any population，it is most common among white descendants (后代) of northern Europeans．Scientists have been unable to explain why．
The cause of the disease is not known．However，one theory is that infections could cause it in people who have certain genetic qualities．Scientists say they have found 230 genetic variants that might increase the risk of MS．
The researchers studied DNA from about 1，600 ancient Eurasians．They used the information to develop a map of population movements in northern Europe．They said farmers from the Middle East began pushing out hunter-gatherers about 5，000 years ago．Then the Yamnaya moved in．They travelled with horses and wagons and herded cattle and sheep．
The research team compared the ancient DNA to the genetic information of 400，000 modern-day people stored in UK Biobank in Britain．They wanted to see if MS-linked genetic variations persisted (持续存在) in the north．That is the part of Europe where the Yamnaya moved，rather than southern Europe．
In what is now Denmark，the Yamnaya replaced ancient farmers，making them the closest ancestors of modern Danes．Rates of MS are especially high in the northern part of Europe known as Scandinavia．The findings raise additional questions and suggest a need for more research．
4．Which of the following is currently clear in the research？( )
A．Northern Europeans are easy targets of MS．
B．The MS genes can't be passed down between generations．
C．The MS genes protected the Yamnaya from infections with MS．
D．There are 230 genetic variants that definitely increase the risk of MS．
5．What method was mainly used in the published research？( )
A．Performing DNA data comparison．
B．Referring to various historical materials．
C．Drawing a distribution map of MS patients．
D．Tracking patients throughout the entire process．
6．Where could the ancestors of modern Danes possibly come from？( )
A．The Middle East．
B．The current regions of Ukraine and Russia．
C．The northern Europe．
D．The southern Europe．
7．What can be the best title for the text？( )
A．The Mystery of the Scandinavian
B．A Map of Ancient Population Movements in Europe
C．Researchers Find Link to Nerve Disease in Ancient DNA
D．The Genetic Inheritance of the Ancestors of Modern Danes
C 篇(限时7分钟)
(2024·湖南岳阳三模)
Rich variety exists in primates (灵长目动物)．Monkeys roll on snowy Japanese mountains，gorillas chew fruit on Sumatra，lemurs jump between trees in Madagascar，and the naked apes—humans—walk proudly on two legs worldwide．Scientists can now study the DNA differences beyond that diversity，thanks to a databank of genomes from 233 species．
To understand the good and bad of human evolution—both our extraordinary adaptations and disease-causing changes—scientists must compare the genomes of Homo sapiens (智人) to our closest evolutionary relatives，the primates．But researchers investigating diverse topics，from contemporary genetic diseases to human origins，have long faced a roadblock when pursuing this approach：While genomic data exists from millions of people，most of the 500-plus primate species never had their genomes read．So，in 2019，Tomàs Marquès-Bonet at the Institute of Evolutionary Biology，in Barcelona，Spain，and other biologists teamed up with disease researchers at the company Illumina，determined to obtain as many primate genomes as possible．
Navigating wilderness and local permitting laws，the international researchers obtained hundreds of blood samples from wild and caged animals in South America，Africa，and Asia．Arranging DNA from these samples and adding data from previous studies，the team built a bank of 809 genomes from individual baboons，gorillas，gibbons，and more，representing nearly half the known primate species．
The data revealed insights about human origins and health，as well as primate conservation，published by more than 100 scientists across 10 papers in Science and Science Advances in June 2023．One study trained artificial intelligence to search human genomes for DNA differences likely to cause disease，based on whether non-human primates can live with those variants．According to Marquès-Bonet，“We now have a really good list of the foundations of our species” and a “good idea of the kind of variations that are tolerated in any primate”—including humans．
8．What can we learn from paragraph 1？( )
A．Primates vary mainly in habitats．
B．Scientists focus on the diversity of primates．
C．There are 233 species of primates in the world．
D．Primate genomes are important for studying the DNA differences．
9．Why did the scientists build the databank of genomes？( )
A．To cure human's various genetic diseases．
B．To help human adapt to the environment．
C．To investigate the process of human evolution．
D．To understand the strength and drawback of human evolution．
10．What is paragraph 3 mainly about？( )
A．The reasons for building the databank．
B．The process of building the databank．
C．The impacts of building the databank．
D．The difficulties in building the databank．
11．What does Marquès-Bonet think of the databank？( )
A．It still needs to be improved．
B．It is of great value to future research．
C．It is of little help to future research．
D．It is unclear whether it's of help to future research．
Ⅱ．完形填空(限时12分钟)
(2025·安徽芜湖模拟)
I grew up with my identical twin．One thing about being a(n) 1 is that it makes you an expert in spotting favoritism (偏爱)．If his cookie was slightly bigger than mine，I was 2 although I wasn't hungry．
When I became a psychologist，I began to 3 how much more we 4 the body than we do the mind．I spent nine years earning my doctorate (博士学位) in psychology，and I can't tell you how many people look at my business card and say，“Oh—a psychologist．So，not a 5 doctor．” This favoritism we show the body over the mind can be seen everywhere．
I was at my friends'house，and their five-year-old was standing on a stool (凳子)，brushing his teeth．His skin on his leg was 6 when he fell from the stool．He immediately 7 for a box of Band-Aids to put one on his cut．This kid could 8 tie his shoelaces，but he knew he had to 9 a cut．We all know how to look after our physical health．But what about our psychological health？Well，nothing．
We 10 psychological injuries even more often than we do physical ones，injuries like failure or loneliness．However，we often 11 them．Even though there are scientific techniques to 12 psychological injuries，we don't．“Oh，you're feeling depressed？Just 13 ； it's all in your head．” Can you imagine saying that to somebody with a broken 14 ：“Oh，just walk it off．”
It's time we made our physical and our psychological 15 more equal，more like twins．
( )1．A．hero B．twin
C．winner D．artist
( )2．A．weak B．tired
C．upset D．embarrassed
( )3．A．notice B．doubt
C．worry D．deny
( )4．A．fuel B．value
C．defend D．affect
( )5．A．private B．real
C．potential D．responsible
( )6．A．burned B．twisted
C．damaged D．dirtied
( )7．A．made up B．went in
C．watched out D．reached out
( )8．A．readily B．voluntarily
C．hardly D．carefully
( )9．A．avoid B．cover
C．expose D．hide
( )10．A．dislike B．escape
C．suffer D．overcome
( )11．A．fear B．hug
C．ignore D．mistake
( )12．A．treat B．discover
C．predict D．replace
( )13．A．keep it up B．check it out
C．work it out D．shake it off
( )14．A．leg B．head
C．back D．arm
( )15．A．benefit B．health
C．wealth D．fame
Ⅲ．应用文写作(限时13分钟)
学校英文报正在开展以“Protecting Our Eyes to Enjoy a Bright World”为题的讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1．描述学生近视率状况；
2．简单评论；
3．你的建议。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．短文题目和首句已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Protecting Our Eyes to Enjoy a Bright World
The health of children's vision is facing a growing threat．
7 / 8核心词汇 1．____________ vt．感染(疾病)；与……订立合同(或契约) n．合同，合约 2．____________ n．(pl．____________)方法，方式；财富，钱财 3．____________ vt．删去，删除 4．____________ vt．恢复；修复；使复原，使复位 5．____________ adv．最终；根本上 6．____________ vi．专门研究(或从事)，专攻 7．____________ n．发生的速度，节奏；步速；快节奏 vi．& vt．来回踱步，走来走去；确定速度，调整节奏 8．____________ vi．(____________，____________) 发生，出现；(由……)引起，(因……)产生 9．____________ vi．& vt．奋力对付，努力处理；摔跤 10．____________ n．特征，特点 adj．典型的，独特的 11．____________ vt．& vi．讨论，辩论；仔细考虑，思考 n．讨论，争论；辩论 12．____________ n．调查发现，调研结果 13．____________ adj．成熟的；时机成熟的 14．____________ vi．& vt．(____________，____________) 脱离(社会)，不与人交往；(使)撤回；(使)退出；停止提供 15．____________ adj．人工的，人造的；人为的；虚假的 16．____________ vt．应付，处理，解决 17．____________ adj．外向的 18．____________ adj．传统的，习惯的；依照惯例的，遵循习俗的 19．____________ n．专利，专利证书 adj．有专利的，受专利保护的 20．____________ vt．增加，刺激；给……提供燃料 n．燃料 21．____________ adj．实心的；固体的；结实的；纯色的 22．____________ vi．& vt．转变；交换；调班 n．开关，闸；转变，改变 23．____________ adj．十分严重的，极为恶劣的；严厉的；艰难的 24．____________ n．(pl．____________)现象 25．____________ n．象征；符号，代号 26．____________ adj．分布广的，普遍的，广泛的
阅读词汇 1．gene n．____________ 2．lifespan n．________________ 3．pulse n．____________ vi．________________ 4．physician n．________________ 5．____________ adj．十分重大的，根本的；基础的，基本的 n．基本规律，根本法则，基础 6．____________ vt．滥用；虐待；辱骂 n．滥用；虐待；辱骂 7．____________ n．物质；要点
拓展词汇 1．chemist n．药剂师，药商；化学家→____________ n．化学→____________ adj．化学的 2．relate vi．& vt．联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述→____________ adj．有联系的；相关的→__________ n．关系→____________ n．关系 3．restrict vt．限制，限定；束缚，妨碍；约束，管束→____________ n．限制，约束→____________ adj．受限制的 4．prohibit vt．(尤指以法令)禁止；使不可能→ ____________ n．禁止；禁令 5．resistance n．抵抗力；抵制，反对；抵抗，反抗→____________ v．抵抗；抵制→____________ adj．抵抗的；抵制的 6．disabled adj．有残疾的，丧失能力的→____________ vt．使失去能力，使伤残→____________ n．缺陷，障碍 7．disturb vt．使不安；打扰；搅乱→____________ adj．令人不安的；引起恐慌的→____________ adj．心神不安的 8．adjust vt．& vi．调整，调节；适应，习惯；整理→____________ n．调整；调节→____________ adj．可调节的 9．evidence n．证据，证明；物证，人证 vt．证明，表明→____________ adj．显然的→____________ adv．明显地，显然地 10．examine vt．检查，检验；审查，调查；考，测试；审问→____________ n．考试；检查 11．anxiety n．焦虑；担心；渴望→____________ adj．焦虑；忧虑；渴望→____________ adv．焦急地；担忧地 12．infection n．传染，感染→____________ adj．感染病菌的→____________ adj．传染性的；有传染力
高频短语 1．________________ 涉及，与……有关 2．________________ 准备就绪 3．________________ 追溯到，始于，自……至今 4．________________ 努力处理，全力解决 5．prohibit sb．from doing sth．________________ 6．go to great lengths to do sth．________________ 7．play a critical role in ________________ 8．without doubt ________________
句型公式 1．As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace，however，questions arise about how to use it appropriately．(疑问词＋to do) 然而，随着这一技术不断迅速发展，出现了如何合理使用它的问题。 2．Needles are pushed into the skin at these points so that a health problem can be treated．(so that引导目的状语从句) 针在这些部位扎入皮肤，这样健康问题就可以得到治疗。 3．Without them，genome editing could be as dangerous as a car out of control．(without引导含蓄虚拟条件句) 没有它们，基因组编辑就像一辆失控的汽车一样危险。
As we all know，genes play a 1．____________ (critic) role in shaping our lives．Our own personal genome not only carries information 2．____________ (need) to make us grow and develop，3．___________ contains information that helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of contracting certain diseases．Geneticists 4．____________ (try) to identify which genes relate to which diseases，as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention．Genome editing，5．____________ (serve) as a new weapon in the fight against diseases，will lead to a fundamental change in our approach to health care．As the technology continues to develop at 6．____________ fast pace，however，questions arise about how to use it 7．____________ (appropriate)．We must figure out how 8．____________ (keep) the technology from running wild．This means putting appropriate controls in place to make sure that genome editing will work to our advantage．There is still much to be explored and debated on the subject of genome editing．There is no doubt 9．____________ genome editing is one of the greatest 10．____________ (invention) in the history of science．
1．relate vi．& vt．联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述
①(人教版选择性必修第二册Unit 3)Put more simply，this means“You are what you eat．” Most people today relate this saying ____________ healthy eating．
②You are encouraged to upload photos，short videos and emojis ____________ (relate) to our festivals on popular social media．
③Campus bullying does great harm to people in ___________ (relate) to it．
读后续写之感悟
当她把这个故事讲给我听后，我想这件事真的很感人。
After she ____________________________________，I thought about how touching this deed really was．
◎relate sth．to sth．把某事物和某事物联系起来
◎relate sth．to sb．向某人叙述/讲述某事
◎relate to 涉及，与……有关；谈到
◎in/with relation to 关于
◎Everything people strive for is related to their interests．
人们奋斗所争取的一切，都同他们的利益有关。
2．means n．方法，方式；财富，钱财
①(外研版选择性必修第一册Unit 2)I honour endurance，perseverance，industry，talent；because these are the means ____________ which men achieve great ends...
② Plenty of technical means ________________ (try)，but the machine still fails to start．
句式升级
(普通表达)Punishment is by no means a wise choice to help children grow physically and mentally．
(高级表达)________________________________________________ to help children grow physically and mentally．(倒装结构)
◎by means of 用……办法；借助……
◎by all means 可以；当然行；没问题
◎by no means 决不；一点也不
◎By means of this experience，not only have I seen the world from a different perspective，but also gained a sense of accomplishment．
通过这次经历，我不仅从不同的角度看了世界，而且获得了成就感。
3．prohibit vt．(尤指以法令)禁止；使不可能
①(人教版选择性必修第一册Unit 5)In fact，some pesticides like DDT have been ____________ (prohibit) in most countries because of the damage they cause to people and the environment．
②Some governments restrict or prohibit ____________ (keep) some specific animals，such as crocodiles．
词汇升级
(普通表达)People are not allowed to feed birds at the airport．
(高级表达)There's a ________________________________________________ birds at the airport．(prohibition)
(高级表达)People are ________________________ birds at the airport．(prohibit)
◎prohibit (one's) doing sth．禁止(某人)做某事
◎prohibit sb．from doing sth．禁止/阻止某人做某事
◎a prohibition on/against (doing) sth．(做)某事的禁令；禁止(做)某事
◎It helps to prohibit the negative effects of prolonged sitting，such as back pain and stiffness．
它有助于防止长时间坐着的负面影响，如背部疼痛和僵硬。
4．equip vt．配备；使有能力
①(外研版选择性必修第二册Unit 2)In this way，they will be better ____________ (equip) in their adult lives to make informed choices about how they use the money they have．
②Students' performance in class and learning feedback are all conducted by AI ____________ (equip)．
应用文写作之申请信
我具备出色的组织能力和创造性的解决问题的能力，这使我成为这个职位的优秀候选人。
_______________________________________________ and creative problem-solving abilities，which makes me a good candidate for the position．
◎equip...with...给……装备/配备上……
◎equip...to do sth．使……有能力做某事
◎equip sb．for...使某人为……做好准备；使某人胜任……
◎Equipped with my beloved camera，I enrolled in an online course to learn the basics of photography．
带着我心爱的相机，我参加了一个在线课程，学习摄影的基础知识。
5．adjust vt．& vi．调整，调节；适应，习惯；整理
①(外研版选择性必修第三册Unit 1)Yet there was so much melancholy and so much gentleness spread over all this that she gradually adjusted ____________ it．
②I tried to stay calm，decide whether to take her suggestions and then make ____________ (adjustment) accordingly．
读后续写之环境描写
突然一阵风吹灭了他的火把，山洞里立刻一片漆黑。过了几秒钟。他的眼睛才逐渐适应了黑暗。
A sudden gust of wind blew out his torch and an absolute darkness ruled the cave immediately．It took seconds______________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________．
◎adjust...to...调整……以适应……
◎adjust (oneself) to 使(自己)适应；习惯
◎I am wondering whether it is convenient for you．If not，please let me know so that we can make adjustment to suit your schedule．
我想知道你是否方便。如果不，请让我知道，以便我们作出调整，以适应您的日程安排。
6．date back to追溯到，始于，自……至今
①(人教版必修第二册Unit 4)The capital city London is a great place to start，as it is an ancient port city that has a history ____________ (date) all the way back to Roman times．
②Every year，a good many tourists are attracted to visit the old tower which ____________ (date) from the eleventh century．
读后续写之景物描写
这片丘陵地区生长着一些世界上最古老的松树，有些可以追溯到一万年前。
The hilly region is home to some of the world's oldest pine trees，______________________________________________________．(独立主格结构)
◎date from 追溯到
◎out of date 过时的；陈旧的
◎up to date 最新的；新式的；现代的
◎to date 迄今为止；到目前为止
◎(改编自《中国日报》)Archaeologists discovered a relatively complete road dating back to the Han Dynasty in Yancheng City．
考古学家在盐城发现了一条相对完整的汉代道路。
7．[教材原句]As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace，however，questions arise about how to use it appropriately．然而，随着这一技术不断迅速发展，出现了如何合理使用它的问题。
①(外研版选择性必修第四册Unit 2) As Morrie says，“Once you learn how to die，you learn how ____________ (live)．”
②I was a little anxious before I arrived in London because I didn't know what ________________ (expect)．
应用文写作之建议信
只有注意你所吃的，并改变你的生活方式，你才能过上健康快乐的生活。
Only by watching _____________________________________________________
and changing your lifestyle can you lead a healthy and happy life．
◎“特殊疑问词＋不定式”结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语，特殊疑问词包括疑问代词(who，what，which)和疑问副词(when，where，how)。
◎whether后可接不定式，或与or连用，而if不能。
◎Equally attractive are the tips on how to learn English．
同样吸引人的是如何学习英语的建议。
8．[教材原句]Without them，genome editing could be as dangerous as a car out of control．没有它们，基因组编辑就像一辆失控的汽车一样危险。
①(北师大版选择性必修第一册Unit 3)Without forests，we ________________ (have) no air to breathe，and without clean water we ________________ (be) unable to survive．
②If I had read the book，I would/should/could/might ________________ (tell) you about it．
③Without electricity，we would/should/could/might ________________ (live) in darkness now．
④But ____________ your guidance，I couldn't have made such unbelievable progress in English．
应用文写作之感谢信
如果没有你的帮助，我的中文不可能在这么短的时间内提高得这么快。
①Without/But for your help，I ____________________________________________
_________________________ in such a short time．
②____________________________________________________________ in such a short time．(if引导的虚拟条件句)
◎without引导的状语可用来表示一种假设，表示与实际情况相反，这种条件称为含蓄条件。
(1)在这种含蓄条件句中，句子谓语动词的变化如下：
a．与现在事实相反：谓语动词用would/could/should/ might＋动词原形。
b．与过去事实相反：谓语动词用would/could/should/might ＋ have done。
c．与将来事实相反：谓语动词用would/could/should/ might＋动词原形。
(2)类似without这样能够表示含蓄条件的词语还有：but for(要不是)，otherwise(否则)，or(否则)等。
◎“Thank you！” he uttered．“Without you，I would never taste such sense of achievement of challenging myself．”
“谢谢！”他说道，“没有你，我永远无法体会到这种挑战自我的成就感。”
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．__________ with modern medical __________，they by no means let the refugees in the flood disappointed．(equip)
2．To prohibit such tragedies _______________ happening again，more volunteers with ____________ (relate) experience are being recruited．
3．Seeing her husband ____________ (pace) back and forth，the woman ____________ (arise) from her seat and asked him to stop．
4．A serious accident ____________ Tom，and in spite of his ____________，the ____________ man always keeps an optimistic state of mind．(disable)
5．The desks and chairs are ____________ and you can ____________ them to the height of the students．The ____________ is not difficult to make．(adjust)
6．Children normally feel a great deal of ______________ about their exams，which their parents are also ____________ about．(anxious)
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．arise
A．v．起床 B．v．(由……)引起 C．v．起身 D．v．出现；产生
(1)Gathering up all his courage，he finally felt himself，arose again and walked onto the stage slowly and firmly． ________
(2)Now a team of researchers has found how and why this trend arose． ________
(3)They arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park． ________
(4)As is known to all，traffic accidents often arise from carelessness． ________
2．switch
A．n．开关 B．n．改变，转变 C．v．调班
D．v．改变，转变
(1)Please press the switch on your right to turn the lights off． ________
(2)I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago． ________
(3)I can't work next weekend—can you switch with me？ ________
(4)Perhaps your household won't entirely make the switch，but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire． ________
3．She was deeply affected by the story，tears rolling down her cheeks． ________
A．v．深深打动 B．v．侵袭，使感染
C．v．假装
4．(2021·天津3月卷)Let your expertise in one field fuel your passions in all related areas． ________
A．v．给……提供燃料 B．v．增加，刺激
C．v．给(交通工具)加油
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．此外，因为演讲是我的强项，我知道在某些场合该说什么。
Besides，since making speeches is my strength，____________________________
______________________．
2．我的同学建议制作单词卡，这样我就可以随时随地地阅读单词。
My classmates suggested making word cards ________________________________
________________．
3．没有您对我无私的关爱，我不可能有现在这样灿烂的人生。
Without your selfless devotion to me，_______________________________________．
近年来，中学生近视率呈上升趋势。请你为学校“英语园地”宣传栏写一份倡议书，呼吁大家合理用眼，保护视力。倡议书内容包括：
1．倡议的原因和目的；
2．提出合理用眼的建议。
注意：写作词数应为80左右。
写作微练
①近年来，越来越多的学生近视。
Recent years have witnessed an increasing number of students _____________________________________________________________________．
②这一现象引起了公众对青少年视力问题的关注。(bring...to...)
This phenomenon ________________________________________．
③我呼吁每个人都采取有效措施保护我们的视力。(measures)
________________________________________ to protect our eyesight．
④我们可以养成一种习惯，在学习时停下来几分钟，看看远处的物体，定期休息一下。
We can form a habit and stop for a few minutes during our study and ________________________________________________．
⑤我们需要与阅读材料保持至少三十厘米的距离。(keep...away from)
We should ________________________________ the reading material．
⑥一旦出现视力问题的迹象，立即去看医生。(consult)
Whenever signs of eyesight problems occur，________________________________．
句式升级
⑦用动词-ing形式作结果状语合并句①和句②
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
⑧用it作形式宾语升级句④
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
妙笔成篇
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
语料积累
教材语料 亮词 specialize；affect；identify；fundamental；equip；head-on
美句 1．I am full of excitement about the possibilities this scientific advance can bring． 2．As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace，however，questions arise about how to use it appropriately． 3．Hopefully，more and more people in need of robotic limbs will be equipped with them and enjoy a higher quality of life．
拓展语料 单词 crawl 爬行；creep 匍匐爬行；scramble 攀登；climb攀登；kick 踢；jump 跳；tread 踩，踏；leap/skip/spring 跳跃；slip溜走，滑倒；hop单脚跳；inch 慢慢移动
语块 rise/get to one's feet 站起来；jump/leap to one's feet 跳起来；drag one's feet 拖着脚步；tap/stamp one's feet 跺脚；put one's feet up 架起双腿休息；shaky/trembling legs 颤抖的双腿；cross one's legs 盘腿；plant one's feet稳稳地站着
句型 1．He sprang to his feet and rushed to give me a bear hug． 他突然跳起来，冲过来给了我一个熊抱。 2．The mother was chatting happily with her customer，her daughter stamping her feet impatiently to imply it's time to go． 当母亲高兴地和顾客聊天时，女儿不耐烦地跺脚，暗示该走了。 3．He sank in the sofa，crossed his legs and rested his chin on one fist，lost in deep thought． 他跌坐在沙发中，盘起双腿，用拳头支着下巴，陷入了沉思。 4．“I'm gonna be a Lady Tiger，” she whooped，skipping into the room and throwing her arms in the air． “我要成为一只老虎小姐，” 她欢呼着，蹦蹦跳跳地走进房间，把胳膊挥向空中。
语料运用
①洛奇盘着腿，在他们卡车的前座上睡着了。(with复合结构)
Rocky was asleep on the front seat of their truck，__________________________
______________________________________________．
②突然，卡车翻到了一个山谷里。洛奇挣扎着从卡车里爬出来，穿过狭窄的空间。
Suddenly，the truck turned over down to a valley．Rocky struggled to __________________________________________________________ through narrow space．
③然后他溜进开着的窗户，想把他弟弟拉出来，但没有成功。
Then he ________________________________________________，trying to pull his brother out，but in vain．
④洛奇在黑暗中摸索着，成功地爬到了路上。
Rocky ________________________ in the dark ________________________ up to the road．
⑤洛奇用颤抖的双腿站了起来，大声呼救。
________________________________，Rocky yelled out aloud for help．
15 / 15
