核心词汇 1．____________ vt．使烦恼，使担心；花费时间精力(做某事)；打扰 vi．花费时间精力(做某事)n．麻烦，困难 2．____________ adv．完全；总共；总之 3．____________ n．条件，状况；(circumstances)境况，(尤指)经济状况 4．____________ adv．此外，再者 5．____________ adj．必不可少的，对……极重要的；维持生命所必需的 6．____________ vt．严格要求(自己)；惩罚；训练n．训练，纪律；行为准则；自制力 7．____________ adj．至关重要的，关键性的 8．____________ vt．包括，包含；组成，构成 9．____________ adv．极其，极端地；令人难以置信 10．____________ n．居所，住处；庇护vt．保护，掩蔽 vi．躲避 11．____________ adj．固定的，不变的；连续发生的，重复的 12．____________ n．维护，保养；维持，保持
阅读词汇 1．____________ vi．飘动，漂流；浮 vt．使浮动，使漂流 2．____________ n．宇航员，航天员 3．____________ n．辐射，放射线 4．____________ n．显微镜 5．telescope n．________________ 6．hydrogen n．________________ 7．rocket n．________________ 8．astronomer n．________________ 9．orbit vt．& vi．________________ n．________________
拓展词汇 1．absence n．缺乏，不存在；缺席→____________ adj．缺席的；不在的；心不在焉的 2．occupy vt．占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于→____________ adj．已占用的；无空闲的；使用中的→____________ n．工作；职业；占领；居住；使用 3．evaluate vt．评估，估计，评价→____________ n．评价；估价 4．exposure n．面临，遭受；揭露；报道→____________ vt．使暴露；使显露；揭发 5．visible adj．看得见的；明显的→____________ n．可见度，能见度→____________ adv．易察觉地；明显地→____________ adj．看不见的 6．permanent adj．永久的，永恒的→____________ n．持久性；永久 7．universe n．宇宙，天地万物→____________ adj．普遍的；全体的；全世界的；共同的 8．foundation n．基础，根据；地基；创办；基金会→____________ vt．建立；创建→____________ n．建立者，创建者 9．origin n．起源，起因；出身→____________ adj．起初的；原来的；首创的；独创的 n．原著；原作→____________ adv．原来，起初 10．frequency n．发生率，出现率；频繁；频率→____________ adj．频繁的→____________ adv．频繁地 11．motive n．原因，动机，目的→____________ vt．激励；激发→____________ adj．有动力的；主动的 12．investment n．投资；投入→____________ v．投资；投入 13．calculate vt．计算，核算；预测→____________ n．计算，运算→____________ n．计算器 14．coverage n．新闻报道；覆盖范围；信息范围→____________ n．覆盖物；封面；掩护 v．覆盖；遮盖；处理；涉及；包括 15．assistant n．助理；售货员；助教 adj．助理的，副的→____________ v．帮助；援助→____________ n．帮助；援助 16．dust n．沙土，尘土；灰尘，尘埃→____________ adj．布满灰尘的
高频短语 1．________________ 使进一步了解…… 2．________________ 在这种情况下，既然如此 3．________________ 鉴于，考虑到 4．________________ 显而易见的 5．lay the foundation for________________ 6．be of vital importance________________ 7．a mass of/masses of ________________ 8．go far beyond ________________
句型公式 1...．there's nothing we like more than to sit back with the rest of the crew and watch our remarkable planet go by...(There's nothing more/better/worse than doing/to do sth．) ……我们最喜欢做的事就是和其他工作人员一起舒服地坐下来，看着我们这个非凡的星球从身边经过…… 2．With so much going on，the space station needs a lot of maintenance，so we constantly check support systems and do some cleaning．(“with＋代词＋动词-ing形式”构成的复合结构) 空间站发生那么多事情，需要大量的维护，所以我们经常检查空间站的支撑系统，并做一些清洁工作。
For astronauts，staying on a space station is a challenging but magical adventure．Due to the absence of gravity，astronauts must have their sleeping bags 1．____________ (attach) to the walls or the ceiling to avoid floating around while they're sleeping．In view of the low-gravity environment，eating becomes difficult．Most of the time，it is 2．____________ luxury to consume some fresh food．Therefore，astronauts have to take pills to ensure a balanced supply of nutrients．A regular workout is 3．____________ vital importance to their health，too．
Astronauts are occupied every day conducting scientific experiments and evaluating the impact of the space environment on animals and plants．The most 4．____________ (risk) work is to perform tasks outside the station．For a spacewalk，astronauts must wear spacesuits to protect them from 5．____________ (expose) to radiation．
Space exploration，which demands huge investment，does little 6．____________ (enhance) our quality of life in the short run，but why do we continue？7．____________ (curious) about the unknown is human nature．With each space mission comes greater insight，thus 8．____________ (motivate) us to go on more adventures．More 9．____________ (important)，space exploration contributes a lot to our understanding of the origin，evolution and possible future of the universe，10．____________，in turn，helps us solve some big problems facing mankind．
1．absence n．缺乏，不存在；缺席
①(人教版选择性必修第一册Unit 2)On the one hand，there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily____________the absence of new technology．
②Getting this news from your mother，I know you must be____________ (absence) for half a month from the classes．
③Having not received a single gift，I knew they had forgotten my existence with my absence ____________their Christmas these years．
读后续写之动作描写
带着几个月没有的喜悦，我们开始把从超市买的东西放在圣诞树周围。
With delight that________________________________________________________，we started to put the things we bought from the supermarket around the Christmas tree．
◎absence from...缺席……
◎in one's absence当某人不在时
◎in the absence of缺乏/缺少……
◎be absent for缺席……
◎absent-minded健忘的；心不在焉的
◎Due to imbalanced language abilities，some students with poor speaking skills may find it tough to talk with others，which can cause them to become absent-minded．
由于语言能力的不平衡，一些口语能力差的学生可能会发现很难与他人交谈，这可能会导致他们变得心不在焉。
2．bother vt．使烦恼，使担心；花费时间精力(做某事)；打扰 vi．花费时间精力(做某事) n．麻烦，困难
①(外研版选择性必修第三册Unit 1)Ever since I was little，I've been larger than other girls．For a long time，this really ____________ (bother) me．
②(2024·浙江1月卷)For a few months after the “library” opened，I didn't bother ____________ (take) a look，as I had assumed that it would be stuffed full of cheesy love stories．
③____________bothers me that he doesn't seem to care about my absence．
读后续写之动作描写
我瞥见了洛伊丝，向她挥手致意，但让我烦恼的是她似乎没有注意到。
I caught sight of Lois and waved to her，but ________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________．
◎not bother with sth．用不着某物
◎not bother sb．with sth．不要拿某事打扰或麻烦某人
◎not bother doing/to do sth．懒得做某事；不必费神做某事
◎It bothers sb．that.../What bothers sb．is that...使某人烦恼或担心的是……
◎I am Li Hua，a new Senior 3 student，who is bothered by the overwhelming pressure of my fast-paced life．
我是李华，一名新高三学生，我被快节奏生活的巨大压力困扰。
3．occupy vt．占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于
①(外研版选择性必修第三册Unit 3)...it was the largest combined sea，air and land operation in history，the aim being to free north-west Europe from German __________ (occupy)．
②I've been occupied ____________ (write) my paper，so I can't find time to accompany you to the museum．
③ Although it was off-season，the restaurant was fully ____________ (occupy)．
读后续写之心理描写
在那些漫长而孤独的夜晚，我迫切需要找点事做，让自己忙碌起来。
I desperately _________________________________________________ during those long，lonely nights．
◎occupy oneself with sth．/in doing sth．忙于/专心于(做)某事
◎occupied adj．忙于……的；使用中的
◎be occupied (in) doing sth．忙于做某事
◎be occupied with sth．忙于某事
◎occupation n．占领；职业；工作
◎He inspired me to be occupied in writing in English and believed that I would make great achievements in writing．
他鼓励我专心于英语写作，相信我会在写作上取得巨大的成就。
4．foundation n．基础，根据；地基；创办；基金会
①(北师大版必修第三册Unit 8)The organisation is called Roots & Shoots because roots move slowly under the ground to make a firm ____________ (found)．
②My goal was to raise $50，000 in one year in support of a movement ____________ (found) 30 years ago to end hunger．
③Our club，titled Astronomy Association，________________________________
(found) in 2007．
应用文写作之建议信
它可以帮助你巩固你的知识基础，也可以向他们展示你的激情。
It can help you consolidate ____________________________________ and it can also show them your passion．
◎lay the foundation of...奠定……的基础；打好……的地基
◎lay the foundation for为……打下基础
◎without foundation没有根据的
◎found vt．(founded；founded)建立；建设
◎Therefore，I'm writing to ask you for some advice，which is sure to lay a good foundation for my planning．
因此，我写信向您征求一些建议，这一定会为我的规划奠定良好的基础。
5．shelter n．居所，住处；庇护 vt．保护，掩蔽 vi．躲避
①(人教版必修第一册Unit 4)Workers built ________ (shelter) for survivors whose homes had been destroyed．
②Although horses do not generally mind the cold，sheltering ____________ rain and wind is of great importance．
③ Stricter laws will be made to ensure that all children have the right to be properly fed，clothed and __________ (shelter) by their family．
读后续写之环境描写
山坡上矗立着一座由原木建造而成的大房子，被稠密的树木遮蔽着。
On the hillside stood a large house built of logs，___________________________
_________．
◎seek shelter (from...)寻求庇护；寻找地方躲避
◎take shelter from...躲避……
◎shelter from...躲避(风雨或危险)
◎shelter...from...保护……免于……；保护……不受……的伤害；给……挡住……
◎(2024·全国甲卷)They rely on to either ask for help，scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter．
它们依靠这些声音来寻求帮助，吓跑任何危险的动物或寻找庇护。
6．in view of鉴于，考虑到
①____________ view of the seriousness of this problem，effective measures should be taken before things get worse．
②The candidate is not likely to win the election in view ____________ the fact that many voters have voiced their public disapproval．
③First-generation Americans view the United States ____________ a land of golden opportunities．
读后续写之感悟升华
尽管这个礼物不值钱，但我非常珍惜它。在我看来，真正重要的是其中包含的爱。
Although the present isn't worth much，I value it very much．_____________________
______________________________________________，it's the love contained in it that really counts．
◎in one's view/from one's point of view在某人看来；以某人之见
◎have sth．in view心中有……目的
◎come into view映入眼帘；进入视野
◎have/get a good view of清楚地看到；饱览
◎view...as...把……看成……
◎In my view，I don't think it a good idea to randomly pair up students for the spoken English training class．
在我看来，我认为随机地把学生配对参加英语口语培训课不是个好主意。
7．[教材原句]With so much going on，the space station needs a lot of maintenance，so we constantly check support systems and do some cleaning．空间站发生那么多事情，需要大量的维护，所以我们经常检查空间站的支撑系统，并做一些清洁工作。
①(人教版必修第二册Unit 3) At age 50，she found herself out of work and stuck at home with only her computer ________________ (keep) her company．
②With palms ____________ (sweat)，he and his dad struggled to pull the calf out of the frozen pond．
③ With all of the tasks ____________ (complete)，he decided to have a trip to Thailand．
应用文写作之申请信
得知随着新年的临近，美食俱乐部急需一名美食品尝顾问，我写信申请这个职位。
Knowing that ____________________________________，the Food Club is in desperate need of an advisor for the food taste，I am writing to apply for the position．
◎介词短语“with＋代词/名词＋动词-ing形式”构成的复合结构，有时可译为“随着”。连词as亦可作“随着”解，引导时间状语从句。这两种表达可互换。
◎Holding the cup，I bent to my teacher and thanked him for his encouragement，with tears of gratitude shining like diamonds in my eyes．
拿着奖杯，我向老师鞠了个躬，感谢他的鼓励，感恩的泪水像钻石一样在我眼中闪烁着。
8．[教材原句]Splendid as the view of the Earth is，spacewalking is not as exciting as you might think．虽然地球的景色十分壮观，但太空行走并不像你们可能想象的那么激动人心。
① Tired ____________ we were，breathing in the fresh air，we felt refreshed and amply rewarded．
②Fail ____________ he did，he didn't lose heart and decided to try again．
③Here I learned my first important lesson：____________ (disable) as I was in language，I could still be smart and well express myself with clay．
应用文写作之建议信
尽管汉语看起来很难，但如果你用心学习，你一定会取得进步。
____________________________________，you are sure to make progress if you put your heart into learning it．
◎连词as引导让步状语从句，一般使用倒装结构：①表语(名词、形容词、分词等)＋ as＋ 主语＋谓语(作表语的名词一定是可数名词的单数形式，且前面不加冠词)；②状语＋as＋主语＋谓语；③动词＋as＋主语＋谓语。此时的as可以换成though，但不可换成although。
◎I promised that，challenging as it was，I would live up to his expectation．
我保证，尽管它有挑战性，但我一定不辜负他的期望。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．We attempt ____________ the effectiveness of the drug and finally submit an ____________ report to the public．(evaluate)
2．I prefer to ____________ my kids to nature often because frequent ____________ to nature is good for children's brain development．(expose)
3．Many stars ____________ to the naked eye are clearly ____________ through the telescope．(visible)
4．This old temple，now still keeping many of its ____________ features，was ____________ related to a legend，whose ____________ remains a mystery．(origin)
5．Data shows that kids who do not read ____________ have fewer books in the home compared to ____________ readers and that the ____________ of their parents reading to them is lower as well．(frequent)
6．Many ______________ borrow large sums of money from banks，and ______________ it to the property market in the hope that their __________ would bring high returns．(invest)
7．A reporter from CCTV is ____________ the incident on the spot and it has also received wide ____________ by many other media．(cover)
8．William is an ____________ professor who ____________ with his students' academic work and also provides ____________ in finding jobs．(assist)
9．A cloud of ____________ rose as the truck drove off along the dry and ____________ road．(dust)
10．Take grammar as an example，if you have a poor English knowledge ____________ (found)，you'll never get a jump on learning．
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．coverage
A．涵盖，覆盖 B．采访 C．覆盖率
(1)China's forest coverage is the highest in the world． ________
(2)Mobile phone coverage is one obvious topic for discussion． ________
(3)Now a special TV network gives live coverage of most races． ________
2．occupy
A．使忙于 B．占用 C．侵占；占据
(1)The bed seemed to occupy most of the room． ________
(2)(2023·全国甲卷)Grizzly bears，which may grow to about 2.5m long and weigh over 400kg，occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche—we revere(敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams． ________
(3)She occupied herself with routine office tasks． ________
3．(2022·全国乙卷) For a long time，this ineffective hiding method was interpreted as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures． ________
A．(具有某种特征的)人 B．动物；生物
C．怪物
4．“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house，” says Kathryn Whitehead． ________
A．提出 B．飘动
C．漂流
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．鉴于今年降雨量少，居民被告诫不得浪费用水。
Residents were warned not to be extravagant with water，____________________
____________________________________________________ this year．
2．虽然他们已经筋疲力尽了，但没有一个人停下来休息一下。
________________________________，none of them ever paused for a rest．
3．在这种情况下，我们无人可依靠只能依靠自己。
_____________________________________________________________________，we could depend/rely on nobody but ourselves．
4．我写信向你道歉，因为上周末我没能参加你的生日派对。
I'm writing to apologize to you for ________________________________ last weekend．
学校英文报征稿：给中国太空站“Tiangong space station”的宇航员们的一封信。假设你是李华，准备给学校英文报投稿，内容包括：
1．对他们为太空事业作出的成就感到骄傲；
2．询问太空站上的生活和工作情况；
3．表达关心和祝愿。
注意：1．写作词数80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Dear astronauts，
Yours faithfully，
Li Hua
写作微练
①我正在激动地写信。我想告诉你们，我为你们在中国太空探索中取得的卓越成就感到多么自豪。(remarkable)
I'm writing___________________________________________________________．
I want to tell you________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________．
②出于对你们在天宫空间站的生活和工作的好奇，我写信询问你们目前的情况。(enquire)
____________________________________________________________and work
in the Tiangong space station，I am writing to_________________________________．
③如果你们想念家人，你们可以定期打视频电话吗？
_________________________________________________________，is it possible
for you to make video calls on a regular basis？
④你们在“天宫班”与学生的互动给我留下了深刻的印象。(impress)
________________________ your interaction with students in “Tiangong Class”．
⑤我不得不佩服你们的开拓性工作。
I________________________________ your pioneering work．
⑥我想知道怎样才能成为一名合格的宇航员。
I am wondering ________________________________________________________．
⑦祝你们任务圆满，旅途舒适！
Wish you ________________________________________！
句式升级
⑧用不定式作状语升级句①
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
⑨用非谓语动词合并句④、句⑤和句⑥
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
妙笔成篇
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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_____________________________________________________________________
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_____________________________________________________________________
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语料积累
教材语料 亮词 absence；mission；vital；leisure；crucial；merely；incredibly；bother；occupy
美句 1．First，we put on our spacesuits，which allow us to breathe in space and protect us from exposure to the cold and radiation．Then we head out，and sometimes perform tasks for hours at a time，with the beautiful Earth visible below． 2．Splendid as the view of the Earth is，spacewalking is not as exciting as you might think． 3．During our leisure time，there's nothing we like more than to sit back with the rest of the crew and watch our remarkable planet go by，taking pictures for our family and friends back home．
拓展 语料 单词 sob v．啜泣；呜咽；weep v．哭泣；cry v．& n．哭；wail v．哭号；bawl v．号哭；sniffle v．抽泣
语块 burst into tears 突然哭泣；shed tears 流泪；cry one's heart out 伤心痛哭；break down in tears 崩溃地哭泣；sob uncontrollably 不可控制地啜泣；burst into sobs 突然啜泣起来；weep bitterly 恸哭；tears well up 眼泪涌出；cry like a baby 像婴儿一样哭泣；choke back tears 强忍住眼泪
句型 1．His emerald green eyes betrayed his anger，and tears welled up in them like hot lava． 他翠绿色的眼睛流露出他的愤怒，眼泪像滚烫的熔岩一样涌了出来。 2．After receiving the heartbreaking news，she cried her heart out all night． 得知这个令人心碎的消息后，她彻夜伤心痛哭。 3．Upon hearing the devastating news，she sobbed uncontrollably，unable to contain her emotions． 听到这个令人震惊的消息后，她不可控制地啜泣，情绪无法自控。 4．The deep emotions overwhelmed her，and she cried from deep within． 深深的情感压倒了她，她从内心深处哭泣。 5．As she watched the moving movie，she had to choke back tears． 当她看这部感人的电影时，她不得不强忍住眼泪。
语料运用
①她伤心痛哭，泪如雨下，释放出了长久以来困扰着她的压抑情绪。
____________________________________，breaking down in tears，releasing the pent-up emotions that had haunted her for so long．
②泪水不受控制地流淌，她的抽泣变成了一阵一阵令人心碎的痛哭。
____________________________________，her sobs turning into bursts of heart-wrenching cries．
③她痛苦地哭泣着，感受着悲伤的重压向她袭来。
________________________，feeling the weight of her sorrow wash over her．
④在绝望的深渊里，她常常发现自己泪流满面，在黑夜中像个婴儿般哭泣。
In the depths of despair，she would often find herself in tears，____________________________________ in the darkness of night．
⑤她强忍着泪水，试图坚强起来，但汹涌澎湃的情绪还是将她吞噬。
She ____________________________________，trying to be strong，but the overwhelming emotions consumed her．
16 / 16核心词汇 1．bother vt．使烦恼，使担心；花费时间精力(做某事)；打扰 vi．花费时间精力(做某事)n．麻烦，困难 2．altogether adv．完全；总共；总之 3．circumstance n．条件，状况；(circumstances)境况，(尤指)经济状况 4．furthermore adv．此外，再者 5．vital adj．必不可少的，对……极重要的；维持生命所必需的 6．discipline vt．严格要求(自己)；惩罚；训练n．训练，纪律；行为准则；自制力 7．crucial adj．至关重要的，关键性的 8．comprise vt．包括，包含；组成，构成 9．incredibly adv．极其，极端地；令人难以置信 10．shelter n．居所，住处；庇护vt．保护，掩蔽 vi．躲避 11．constant adj．固定的，不变的；连续发生的，重复的 12．maintenance n．维护，保养；维持，保持
阅读词汇 1．float vi．飘动，漂流；浮 vt．使浮动，使漂流 2．astronaut n．宇航员，航天员 3．radiation n．辐射，放射线 4．microscope n．显微镜 5．telescope n．望远镜 6．hydrogen n．氢，氢气 7．rocket n．火箭；火箭武器 8．astronomer n．天文学家 9．orbit vt．& vi．围绕……运动；沿轨道运行 n．(天体等运行的)轨道
拓展词汇 1．absence n．缺乏，不存在；缺席→absent adj．缺席的；不在的；心不在焉的 2．occupy vt．占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于→occupied adj．已占用的；无空闲的；使用中的→occupation n．工作；职业；占领；居住；使用 3．evaluate vt．评估，估计，评价→evaluation n．评价；估价 4．exposure n．面临，遭受；揭露；报道→expose vt．使暴露；使显露；揭发 5．visible adj．看得见的；明显的→visibility n．可见度，能见度→visibly adv．易察觉地；明显地→invisible adj．看不见的 6．permanent adj．永久的，永恒的→permanence n．持久性；永久 7．universe n．宇宙，天地万物→universal adj．普遍的；全体的；全世界的；共同的 8．foundation n．基础，根据；地基；创办；基金会→found vt．建立；创建→founder n．建立者，创建者 9．origin n．起源，起因；出身→original adj．起初的；原来的；首创的；独创的 n．原著；原作→originally adv．原来，起初 10．frequency n．发生率，出现率；频繁；频率→frequent adj．频繁的→frequently adv．频繁地 11．motive n．原因，动机，目的→motivate vt．激励；激发→motivated adj．有动力的；主动的 12．investment n．投资；投入→invest v．投资；投入 13．calculate vt．计算，核算；预测→calculation n．计算，运算→calculator n．计算器 14．coverage n．新闻报道；覆盖范围；信息范围→cover n．覆盖物；封面；掩护 v．覆盖；遮盖；处理；涉及；包括 15．assistant n．助理；售货员；助教 adj．助理的，副的→assist v．帮助；援助→assistance n．帮助；援助 16．dust n．沙土，尘土；灰尘，尘埃→dusty adj．布满灰尘的
高频短语 1．cast new light on 使进一步了解…… 2．in the circumstances 在这种情况下，既然如此 3．in view of 鉴于，考虑到 4．plain to see 显而易见的 5．lay the foundation for为……打下基础 6．be of vital importance至关重要 7．a mass of/masses of 大量，许多 8．go far beyond 远超出
句型公式 1....there's nothing we like more than to sit back with the rest of the crew and watch our remarkable planet go by...(There's nothing more/better/worse than doing/to do sth．) ……我们最喜欢做的事就是和其他工作人员一起舒服地坐下来，看着我们这个非凡的星球从身边经过…… 2．With so much going on，the space station needs a lot of maintenance，so we constantly check support systems and do some cleaning．(“with＋代词＋动词-ing形式”构成的复合结构) 空间站发生那么多事情，需要大量的维护，所以我们经常检查空间站的支撑系统，并做一些清洁工作。
For astronauts，staying on a space station is a challenging but magical adventure．Due to the absence of gravity，astronauts must have their sleeping bags 1．attached (attach) to the walls or the ceiling to avoid floating around while they're sleeping．In view of the low-gravity environment，eating becomes difficult．Most of the time，it is 2．a luxury to consume some fresh food．Therefore，astronauts have to take pills to ensure a balanced supply of nutrients．A regular workout is 3．of vital importance to their health，too．
Astronauts are occupied every day conducting scientific experiments and evaluating the impact of the space environment on animals and plants．The most 4．risky (risk) work is to perform tasks outside the station．For a spacewalk，astronauts must wear spacesuits to protect them from 5．exposure (expose) to radiation．
Space exploration，which demands huge investment，does little 6．to enhance (enhance) our quality of life in the short run，but why do we continue？7．Curiosity (curious) about the unknown is human nature．With each space mission comes greater insight，thus 8．motivating (motivate) us to go on more adventures．More 9．importantly (important)，space exploration contributes a lot to our understanding of the origin，evolution and possible future of the universe，10．which，in turn，helps us solve some big problems facing mankind．
1．absence n．缺乏，不存在；缺席
①(人教版选择性必修第一册Unit 2)On the one hand，there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology．
②Getting this news from your mother，I know you must be absent (absence) for half a month from the classes．
③Having not received a single gift，I knew they had forgotten my existence with my absence from their Christmas these years．
读后续写之动作描写
带着几个月没有的喜悦，我们开始把从超市买的东西放在圣诞树周围。
With delight that had been absent for months，we started to put the things we bought from the supermarket around the Christmas tree．
◎absence from...缺席……
◎in one's absence 当某人不在时
◎in the absence of 缺乏/缺少……
◎be absent for 缺席……
◎absent-minded 健忘的；心不在焉的
◎Due to imbalanced language abilities，some students with poor speaking skills may find it tough to talk with others，which can cause them to become absent-minded．
由于语言能力的不平衡，一些口语能力差的学生可能会发现很难与他人交谈，这可能会导致他们变得心不在焉。
2．bother vt．使烦恼，使担心；花费时间精力(做某事)；打扰 vi．花费时间精力(做某事) n．麻烦，困难
①(外研版选择性必修第三册Unit 1)Ever since I was little，I've been larger than other girls．For a long time，this really bothered (bother) me．
②(2024·浙江1月卷)For a few months after the“library”opened，I didn't bother taking (take) a look，as I had assumed that it would be stuffed full of cheesy love stories．
③It bothers me that he doesn't seem to care about my absence．
读后续写之动作描写
我瞥见了洛伊丝，向她挥手致意，但让我烦恼的是她似乎没有注意到。
I caught sight of Lois and waved to her，but it bothered me that she didn't seem to notice/what bothered me was that she didn't seem to notice．
◎not bother with sth．用不着某物
◎not bother sb．with sth．不要拿某事打扰或麻烦某人
◎not bother doing/to do sth．懒得做某事；不必费神做某事
◎It bothers sb．that.../What bothers sb．is that...使某人烦恼或担心的是……
◎I am Li Hua，a new Senior 3 student，who is bothered by the overwhelming pressure of my fast-paced life．
我是李华，一名新高三学生，我被快节奏生活的巨大压力困扰。
3．occupy vt．占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于
①(外研版选择性必修第三册Unit 3)...it was the largest combined sea，air and land operation in history，the aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupation (occupy)．
②I've been occupied writing (write) my paper，so I can't find time to accompany you to the museum．
③Although it was off-season，the restaurant was fully occupied (occupy)．
读后续写之心理描写
在那些漫长而孤独的夜晚，我迫切需要找点事做，让自己忙碌起来。
I desperately needed something to keep myself occupied during those long，lonely nights．
◎occupy oneself with sth．/in doing sth．忙于/专心于(做)某事
◎occupied adj．忙于……的；使用中的
◎be occupied (in) doing sth．忙于做某事
◎be occupied with sth．忙于某事
◎occupation n．占领；职业；工作
◎He inspired me to be occupied in writing in English and believed that I would make great achievements in writing．
他鼓励我专心于英语写作，相信我会在写作上取得巨大的成就。
4．foundation n．基础，根据；地基；创办；基金会
①(北师大版必修第三册Unit 8)The organisation is called Roots & Shoots because roots move slowly under the ground to make a firm foundation (found)．
②My goal was to raise $50，000 in one year in support of a movement founded (found) 30 years ago to end hunger．
③Our club，titled Astronomy Association，was founded(found) in 2007．
应用文写作之建议信
它可以帮助你巩固你的知识基础，也可以向他们展示你的激情。
It can help you consolidate the foundation of your knowledge and it can also show them your passion．
◎lay the foundation of...奠定……的基础；打好……的地基
◎lay the foundation for 为……打下基础
◎without foundation 没有根据的
◎found vt．(founded；founded) 建立；建设
◎Therefore，I'm writing to ask you for some advice，which is sure to lay a good foundation for my planning．
因此，我写信向您征求一些建议，这一定会为我的规划奠定良好的基础。
5．shelter n．居所，住处；庇护 vt．保护，掩蔽 vi．躲避
①(人教版必修第一册Unit 4)Workers built shelters (shelter) for survivors whose homes had been destroyed．
②Although horses do not generally mind the cold，sheltering from rain and wind is of great importance．
③ Stricter laws will be made to ensure that all children have the right to be properly fed，clothed and sheltered (shelter) by their family．
读后续写之环境描写
山坡上矗立着一座由原木建造而成的大房子，被稠密的树木遮蔽着。
On the hillside stood a large house built of logs，sheltered by thick trees．
◎seek shelter (from...) 寻求庇护；寻找地方躲避
◎take shelter from...躲避……
◎shelter from...躲避(风雨或危险)
◎shelter...from...保护……免于……；保护……不受……的伤害；给……挡住……
◎(2024·全国甲卷)They rely on to either ask for help，scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter．
它们依靠这些声音来寻求帮助，吓跑任何危险的动物或寻找庇护。
6．in view of鉴于，考虑到
①In view of the seriousness of this problem，effective measures should be taken before things get worse．
②The candidate is not likely to win the election in view of the fact that many voters have voiced their public disapproval．
③First-generation Americans view the United States as a land of golden opportunities．
读后续写之感悟升华
尽管这个礼物不值钱，但我非常珍惜它。在我看来，真正重要的是其中包含的爱。
Although the present isn't worth much，I value it very much．From my point of view/In my view，it's the love contained in it that really counts．
◎in one's view/from one's point of view 在某人看来；以某人之见
◎have sth．in view 心中有……目的
◎come into view 映入眼帘；进入视野
◎have/get a good view of 清楚地看到；饱览
◎view...as...把……看成……
◎In my view，I don't think it a good idea to randomly pair up students for the spoken English training class．
在我看来，我认为随机地把学生配对参加英语口语培训课不是个好主意。
7．[教材原句]With so much going on，the space station needs a lot of maintenance，so we constantly check support systems and do some cleaning．空间站发生那么多事情，需要大量的维护，所以我们经常检查空间站的支撑系统，并做一些清洁工作。
①(人教版必修第二册Unit 3) At age 50，she found herself out of work and stuck at home with only her computer to keep (keep) her company．
②With palms sweating (sweat)，he and his dad struggled to pull the calf out of the frozen pond．
③With all of the tasks completed (complete)，he decided to have a trip to Thailand．
应用文写作之申请信
得知随着新年的临近，美食俱乐部急需一名美食品尝顾问，我写信申请这个职位。
Knowing that with New Year's approaching，the Food Club is in desperate need of an advisor for the food taste，I am writing to apply for the position．
◎介词短语“with＋代词/名词＋动词-ing形式”构成的复合结构，有时可译为“随着”。连词as亦可作“随着”解，引导时间状语从句。这两种表达可互换。
◎Holding the cup，I bent to my teacher and thanked him for his encouragement，with tears of gratitude shining like diamonds in my eyes．
拿着奖杯，我向老师鞠了个躬，感谢他的鼓励，感恩的泪水像钻石一样在我眼中闪烁着。
8．[教材原句]Splendid as the view of the Earth is，spacewalking is not as exciting as you might think．虽然地球的景色十分壮观，但太空行走并不像你们可能想象的那么激动人心。
① Tired as/though we were，breathing in the fresh air，we felt refreshed and amply rewarded．
②Fail as/though he did，he didn't lose heart and decided to try again．
③Here I learned my first important lesson：disabled (disable) as I was in language，I could still be smart and well express myself with clay．
应用文写作之建议信
尽管汉语看起来很难，但如果你用心学习，你一定会取得进步。
Difficult as Chinese may seem，you are sure to make progress if you put your heart into learning it．
◎连词as引导让步状语从句，一般使用倒装结构：①表语(名词、形容词、分词等)＋ as＋ 主语＋谓语(作表语的名词一定是可数名词的单数形式，且前面不加冠词)；②状语＋as＋主语＋谓语；③动词＋as＋主语＋谓语。此时的as可以换成though，但不可换成although。
◎I promised that，challenging as it was，I would live up to his expectation．
我保证，尽管它有挑战性，但我一定不辜负他的期望。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．We attempt to evaluate the effectiveness of the drug and finally submit an evaluation report to the public．(evaluate)
2．I prefer to expose my kids to nature often because frequent exposure to nature is good for children's brain development．(expose)
3．Many stars invisible to the naked eye are clearly visible through the telescope．(visible)
4．This old temple，now still keeping many of its original features，was originally related to a legend，whose origin remains a mystery．(origin)
5．Data shows that kids who do not read frequently have fewer books in the home compared to frequent readers and that the frequency of their parents reading to them is lower as well．(frequent)
6．Many investors borrow large sums of money from banks，and invest it to the property market in the hope that their investment would bring high returns．(invest)
7．A reporter from CCTV is covering the incident on the spot and it has also received wide coverage by many other media．(cover)
8．William is an assistant professor who assists with his students'academic work and also provides assistance in finding jobs．(assist)
9．A cloud of dust rose as the truck drove off along the dry and dusty road．(dust)
10．Take grammar as an example，if you have a poor English knowledge foundation (found)，you'll never get a jump on learning．
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．coverage
A．涵盖，覆盖 B．采访 C．覆盖率
(1)China's forest coverage is the highest in the world． C
(2)Mobile phone coverage is one obvious topic for discussion． A
(3)Now a special TV network gives live coverage of most races． B
2．occupy
A．使忙于 B．占用 C．侵占；占据
(1)The bed seemed to occupy most of the room． B
(2)(2023·全国甲卷)Grizzly bears，which may grow to about 2.5m long and weigh over 400kg，occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche—we revere(敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams． C
(3)She occupied herself with routine office tasks． A
3．(2022·全国乙卷) For a long time，this ineffective hiding method was interpreted as evidence that children are hopelessly“egocentric”(自我中心的) creatures． A
A．(具有某种特征的)人
B．动物；生物
C．怪物
4．“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house，”says Kathryn Whitehead． A
A．提出 B．飘动 C．漂流
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．鉴于今年降雨量少，居民被告诫不得浪费用水。
Residents were warned not to be extravagant with water，in view of the low rainfall this year．
2．虽然他们已经筋疲力尽了，但没有一个人停下来休息一下。
Exhausted as they were，none of them ever paused for a rest．
3．在这种情况下，我们无人可依靠只能依靠自己。
Under/In the circumstances，we could depend/rely on nobody but ourselves．
4．我写信向你道歉，因为上周末我没能参加你的生日派对。
I'm writing to apologize to you for being absent from your birthday party last weekend．
学校英文报征稿：给中国太空站“Tiangong space station”的宇航员们的一封信。假设你是李华，准备给学校英文报投稿，内容包括：
1．对他们为太空事业作出的成就感到骄傲；
2．询问太空站上的生活和工作情况；
3．表达关心和祝愿。
注意：1．写作词数80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Dear astronauts，
Yours faithfully，
Li Hua
写作微练
①我正在激动地写信。我想告诉你们，我为你们在中国太空探索中取得的卓越成就感到多么自豪。(remarkable)
I'm writing with great excitement．I want to tell you how proud I am for your remarkable accomplishments made in China's space exploration．
②出于对你们在天宫空间站的生活和工作的好奇，我写信询问你们目前的情况。(enquire)
With my curiosity about your life and work in the Tiangong space station，I am writing to enquire about your current situation．
③如果你们想念家人，你们可以定期打视频电话吗？
If you miss your families，is it possible for you to make video calls on a regular basis
④你们在“天宫班”与学生的互动给我留下了深刻的印象。(impress)
I am impressed by your interaction with students in“Tiangong Class”．
⑤我不得不佩服你们的开拓性工作。
I cannot help admiring your pioneering work．
⑥我想知道怎样才能成为一名合格的宇航员。
I am wondering what it takes to be a qualified astronaut．
⑦祝你们任务圆满，旅途舒适！
Wish you a successful mission and a comfortable journey!
句式升级
⑧用不定式作状语升级句①
I'm writing with great excitement to tell you how proud I am for your remarkable accomplishments made in China's space exploration．
⑨用非谓语动词合并句④、句⑤和句⑥
Impressed by your interaction with students in“Tiangong Class”，I cannot help admiring your pioneering work，wondering what it takes to be a qualified astronaut．
妙笔成篇
Dear astronauts，
I'm writing with great excitement to tell you how proud I am for your remarkable accomplishments made in China's space exploration．
With my curiosity about your life and work in the Tiangong space station，I am writing to enquire about your current situation．Have you adapted to the weightless environment？If you miss your families，is it possible for you to make video calls on a regular basis？Additionally，impressed by your interaction with students in“Tiangong Class”，I cannot help admiring your pioneering work，wondering what it takes to be a qualified astronaut．
Wish you a successful mission and a comfortable journey!
Yours faithfully，
Li Hua
语料积累
教材语料 亮词 absence；mission；vital；leisure；crucial；merely；incredibly；bother；occupy
美句 1．First，we put on our spacesuits，which allow us to breathe in space and protect us from exposure to the cold and radiation．Then we head out，and sometimes perform tasks for hours at a time，with the beautiful Earth visible below． 2．Splendid as the view of the Earth is，spacewalking is not as exciting as you might think． 3．During our leisure time，there's nothing we like more than to sit back with the rest of the crew and watch our remarkable planet go by，taking pictures for our family and friends back home．
拓展语料 单词 sob v．啜泣；呜咽；weep v．哭泣；cry v．& n．哭；wail v．哭号；bawl v．号哭；sniffle v．抽泣
语块 burst into tears 突然哭泣；shed tears 流泪；cry one's heart out 伤心痛哭；break down in tears 崩溃地哭泣；sob uncontrollably 不可控制地啜泣；burst into sobs 突然啜泣起来；weep bitterly 恸哭；tears well up 眼泪涌出；cry like a baby 像婴儿一样哭泣；choke back tears 强忍住眼泪
句型 1．His emerald green eyes betrayed his anger，and tears welled up in them like hot lava． 他翠绿色的眼睛流露出他的愤怒，眼泪像滚烫的熔岩一样涌了出来。 2．After receiving the heartbreaking news，she cried her heart out all night． 得知这个令人心碎的消息后，她彻夜伤心痛哭。 3．Upon hearing the devastating news，she sobbed uncontrollably，unable to contain her emotions． 听到这个令人震惊的消息后，她不可控制地啜泣，情绪无法自控。 4．The deep emotions overwhelmed her，and she cried from deep within． 深深的情感压倒了她，她从内心深处哭泣。 5．As she watched the moving movie，she had to choke back tears． 当她看这部感人的电影时，她不得不强忍住眼泪。
语料运用
①她伤心痛哭，泪如雨下，释放出了长久以来困扰着她的压抑情绪。
She cried her heart out，breaking down in tears，releasing the pent-up emotions that had haunted her for so long．
②泪水不受控制地流淌，她的抽泣变成了一阵一阵令人心碎的痛哭。
The tears flowed uncontrollably，her sobs turning into bursts of heart-wrenching cries．
③她痛苦地哭泣着，感受着悲伤的重压向她袭来。
She wept bitterly，feeling the weight of her sorrow wash over her．
④在绝望的深渊里，她常常发现自己泪流满面，在黑夜中像个婴儿般哭泣。
In the depths of despair，she would often find herself in tears，crying like a baby in the darkness of night．
⑤她强忍着泪水，试图坚强起来，但汹涌澎湃的情绪还是将她吞噬。
She choked back her tears，trying to be strong，but the overwhelming emotions consumed her．
课时数智作业(三十八)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟)
(2024·安徽合肥三模)
Scientist Erika Nesvold once asked a company aiming to mine the moon how he planned to address risks that mining equipment might carry microbes from Earth and pollute the moon．The response：“We'll worry about that later．”
“Space settlement advocates often advertise space as a wonderland where we can build ideal societies free from the crowded territory and bloodied history of our earth，”Nesvold argues in her new book，Off-Earth．“But adopting a‘worry about it later'attitude ...strikes me as a path to repeating the tragedies of that history through ignorance．”
Off-Earth is based on Making New Worlds，her 2017 podcast(播客) which asked ethical(伦理的) questions about space settlement．The book takes some of the same questions and expands on them．Each chapter title is a question：“Why are we going？”“Who's in charge？”“What if I get sick？”
Most chapters start with three vignettes(片段)，usually from different time periods．A chapter outlining debates over whether to settle space at all starts by asking the reader to imagine being in the 1600s and deciding to uproot your family and head to the New World．A chapter on how land usage and ownership rights might work in space imagines a person recently freed from slavery in the U．S．South in 1865 and worrying that the new president will take back the land they finally own．The third vignette is usually set in the year 2100，on a space settlement．
Then Nesvold examines how various ethical situations related to the chapter's theme might play out in space．She quotes experts in fields that don't often come up in space science：ethics，philosophy，law etc．This approach is a departure from many books about the future of life on the final frontier，forcing readers to face hard realities and possible points of conflicts．
Brilliant and inspiring，Off-Earth will not only challenge your assumptions about future worlds，but will change your understanding of the values and desires that shape the world today．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Off-Earth的一些具体情况。
1．What does Nesvold think of the“worry about it later”attitude？( )
A．It leads to potential disasters．
B．It's a responsible mindset．
C．It's deeply rooted in our history．
D．It helps build ideal societies in space．
A [推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But adopting a‘worry about it later'attitude ...strikes me as a path to repeating the tragedies of that history through ignorance．”可知，Nesvold认为这种态度会导致历史悲剧的重演，导致潜在的灾难。故选A。]
2．What can be known about the book Off-Earth？( )
A．It's categorized as an ethical novel．
B．It features quotes from space experts．
C．It's an extension of her 2017 podcast．
D．It begins each chapter with a question．
C [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The book takes some of the same questions and expands on them．”可知，Off-Earth提出了一些与她2017的播客相同的问题，并对问题进行了延伸，可以推断出Off-Earth是她2017年播客的延伸。故选C。]
3．What does Nesvold do to clarify her opinion in Off-Earth？( )
A．She draws on lessons from her own life．
B．She integrates insight across the sciences．
C．She cites current situations for debate．
D．She outlines each chapter with three vignettes．
B [推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“She quotes experts in fields that don't often come up in space science：ethics，philosophy，law etc．This approach is departure from many books...”可知，她引用了不同领域的专家的研究，故她整合了多个科学领域的洞察力。故选B。]
4．What is a best title for the text？( )
A．The Author of Off-Earth Opposes Space Settlement
B．A Commercial Success of a New Release Off-Earth
C．Off-Earth Asks How to Build a Better Future in Space
D．Transformation from Making New Worlds into Off-Earth
C [标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，这篇文章主要介绍书籍Off-Earth的具体情况，而本书主要关注的就是如何在太空中建立一个更美好的未来，故选C。]
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟)
(2025·湖南郴州模拟)
Find the learning style that suits you best
To succeed academically，you need to be productive．To be productive，you need to find a suitable learning style．Whether it's for everyday learning or revising for exams，the learning style that helps you achieve maximum productivity will be crucial． 1
Note-taking
Note-taking can include copying out passages of books or summarizing concepts on notecards． 2 The problem with note-taking is that it's all too easy simply to copy out what someone else says without really taking it in．
3
Sometimes you might find that you learn things more easily if you have to explain a concept to someone else．This is because in order to explain something clearly to someone else，you have to have a thorough grasp of it yourself．For example，giving a presentation to fellow students will require you first to have an excellent understanding of the topic and then to put together materials from which the others can learn．
Learning by doing
This method means，trying to experience things in real life rather than reading things in books． 4 Experiencing things practically gives your brain something concrete to remember，so you will absorb the information more easily．
Tests and mock exams (模拟考试)
5 If you're the sort of person who benefits from these sorts of challenges，you could try asking your teacher，parents or study buddies to set a mock exam to test what you've learned on a particular topic．
A．Explaining to others
B．Diagrams and mind maps
C．If so，visual methods of learning might suit you best．
D．Here are some common learning styles and choose one that suits you best!
E．Some people like them because they provide strong motivation to succeed．
F．It's a classic learning method，but may not be the best way for everyone to learn．
G．For example，you could conduct a scientific experiment or observe how a chemical reaction works．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了笔记记录、教授他人、实践学习和模拟考试等四种学习风格，其目的是帮助你找到最适合自己的方法。
1．D [根据上文可知，上文提到了学习方式的重要性，再根据后文列举了四种学习方式可知，D选项“这里有一些常见的学习方式，选择一个最适合你的！”，介绍了文章主题，符合语境，故选D。]
2．F [根据下文可知，下文指出做笔记存在的问题，说明这种方法不适用每个人。故F选项“这是一种经典的学习方法，但可能不是对每个人都是最好的学习方法”符合语境。代词“It”指代上文阐述的内容。故选F。]
3．A [设空处为小标题；根据本段内容可知，该段主要讲向别人解释一个概念时，学东西会更容易些，因为要向别人清楚地解释一些事情，你自己必须对它有一个彻底的掌握。A选项“向他人解释”能够概括本段主旨，选项中“Explaining to others”与下文第一句中“explain a concept to someone else”表达一致。故选A。]
4．G [根据上文可知，空格前说的是与其读书本上的东西，不如去体验现实生活中的东西；G选项“例如，你可以进行科学实验或观察化学反应是如何进行的”承接上文，对如何体验现实生活中的东西进行举例说明，符合语境，故选G。]
5．E [由小标题“Tests and mock exams (模拟考试)”以及后文可知，本段建议那种从这些挑战中受益的人，可以试着让自己的老师、父母或学习伙伴设置一个模拟考试来测试你在某个特定主题上学到了什么。因此，前面应该是说考试方面的事情；E选项“有些人喜欢它们，因为它们为成功提供了强大的动力。”指出有些人喜欢考试是因为考试给予他们成功的动力。故选E。]
Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟)
(2024·江苏南京模拟)
China plans to start building a lunar base in about four years，1． (kick) off with bricks made of moon soil，according to scientists related to the project，the local news agency reported．Ding Lieyun，2． leading scientist at Huazhong University of Science and Technology，told local media that the first brick 3． (make) from moon soil during the Chang'e 8 mission around 2028．
China has previously said its lunar base will likely be powered by nuclear energy，and will include a lander，hopper，orbiter and rover，all of 4． would be constructed by the Chang'e 6，7 and 8 missions．It wasn't immediately clear in the interview 5． the entire base will be built with lunar soil．
“Eventually，building habitation 6． the Earth is essential not only for all humanity's quest for space exploration，but also for China's 7． (strategy) needs as a space power，”Ding said in a separate interview．
The moon is believed 8． (contain) a source of waste-free nuclear energy that could meet global energy demands for 250 years，meaning potentially hundreds of billions of dollars'worth of resources．
Yu Dengyun，from the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation，provided an 9． (update) timeline for the next three Chang'e missions．Chang'e 6 will launch in 2025 to collect samples from the far side of the moon，Chang'e 7 will blast-off the following year to search for water-ice，10． Chang'e 8 should land some two years after that．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国计划在大约四年内开始在月球上建造一个月球基地，该计划将以月球土壤制成的砖块作为开端。
1．kicking [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，kick off在句子中不作为谓语动词使用，它和“China plans to start building a lunar base in about four years”之间为主动关系，因此使用动词-ing形式作状语，故填kicking。]
2．a [考查冠词。scientist 为可数名词，leading是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，因此使用不定冠词a，故填a。]
3．would be made [考查时态和语态。make是从句的谓语动词，它和“the first brick”之间为被动关系，并且make的动作发生在told 之后，则用过去将来时的被动语态“would be done”，故填would be made。]
4．which [考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，“a lander，hopper，orbiter and rover”是先行词，指物，因此使用which引导定语从句，故填which。]
5．whether [考查从属连词。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导主语从句，词义为“是否”，使用连词whether，故填whether。]
6．beyond/outside [考查介词。根据句意的需要可知，此处应该填入介词，表示“在……之外”，可以使用beyond或outside，故填beyond/outside。]
7．strategic [考查词性转换。此处需填入形容词作定语修饰needs，词义为“战略的”，即strategic，故填strategic。]
8．to contain [考查不定式。be believed to do表示“被认为做某事”，故填to contain。]
9．updated [考查非谓语动词。update和timeline之间为被动关系，因此使用过去分词作定语，词义为“最新的”，即updated，故填updated。]
10．and [考查连词。根据“Chang'e 6 will...Chang'e 7 will...Chang'e 8 should...”可知，此处是三个并列的句子，需用并列连词and来连接，故填and。]
Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·湖南怀化三模)
It started out as a simple hike in the Utah canyonlands on a warm Saturday afternoon．For Aron Ralston，a twenty-seven-year-old mountaineer and outdoorsman，a walk into the remote Blue John Canyon was a chance to get a break from a winter of solo climbing Colorado's highest and toughest peaks．He'd earned this weekend vacation，and though he met two other climbers along the way，by early afternoon he had finally found himself in his element：alone，with just the beauty of the natural world all around him．
It was 2:41 pm．Eight miles from his truck，in a deep and narrow slot (狭缝) canyon，Aron was climbing down a wedged boulder (巨石) when the rock suddenly came loose．Before he could get out of the way，the falling stone pinned his right hand and wrist against the canyon wall．
And so began 4 days of suffering for Aron Ralston．With little water and food，no jacket for the painfully cold nights，and the terrible knowledge that he'd told no one where he was headed，he found himself facing a lingering death—trapped by an 800-pound boulder 100 feet down in the bottom of a canyon．As he eliminated (淘汰) his escape options one by one through the days，Aron faced the full horror of his situation：By the time any possible search and rescue effort would begin，he'd most probably have died of dehydration (脱水)，if a flash flood didn't drown him before that．
What does one do in the face of almost certain death？Using the video camera from his pack，Aron began recording his grateful goodbyes to his family and friends，thinking back over a life filled with adventure，and documenting a last will with the hope that someone would find it．
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
Aron was growing weaker with each passing day．
Luckily，the rescue team found Aron．
【参考范文】
Aron was growing weaker with each passing day． He knew that time was running out．Desperate to survive，he tried every possible means to free himself，but all were in vain，leaving him with nothing but exhaustion and despair．Doubts filled his head as he wondered if anyone would ever find him．But deep down，a spark of hope still burned．Aron refused to accept defeat．With his mind in a fog，he heard a rescue team approaching．Using his remaining energy，he tried to attract their attention．
Luckily，the rescue team found Aron． They were amazed to see he had managed to survive for so long．Though too weak to say a single word，Aron was overjoyed to see them．The rescuers worked tirelessly to free him from under the boulder．It was a difficult task，but they eventually succeeded．Aron was rushed to hospital immediately，where he received treatment for his injuries and expected to make a full recovery．Although he would never forget the horror of those four days，he was grateful to be alive．
课时数智作业
(教师备选)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A 篇(限时6分钟)
(2024·湖南怀化三模)
Alien Clay by Adrian Tchaikovsky
On the distant world of Kiln lie the ruins of an alien civilization．A great mystery awaits humans：who were the builders and where are they now？These questions become real for Professor Arton Daghdev，exiled (流放) from Earth to Kiln's off-world labour camp due to his mistake．Facing the planet's dangerous ecosystem，Arton fights for survival．
Stories of Your Life and Others by Ted Chiang
A sci-fi classic in a brand-new edition．From a high Babylonian tower that connects a flat Earth to the sky above，to an alien language that challenges our very sense of time and reality，Chiang's unique imagination invites readers to question their understanding of the universe and their place in it．
War Bodies by Neal Asher
In a world ruled by robots，the Cyberat face a rebellion (叛乱) when the human Polity arrives．Piper，raised as a weapon，seeks help from the Polity after his parents are caught by enemies．As war worsens，Piper must face the puzzling technology implanted in his own body．It could either end their fight or cause serious consequences．The future of civilization hangs in the balance as the battle unfolds．
In the Lives of Puppets by TJ Klune
In a strange little home built into the branches of a forest live three robots．Vic Lawson，a human，lives there too．The day Vic repairs an unfamiliar android labelled“HAP”，he learns of a shared criminal past between the robots—a past spent in hunting humans．The robots，once hidden and safe，are now exposed．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四本科幻书籍。
1．Which book explores the relations between humans and the universe？( )
A．Alien Clay．
B．In the Lives of Puppets．
C．War Bodies．
D．Stories of Your Life and Others．
D [细节理解题。根据Stories of Your Life and Others by Ted Chiang中的“Chiang's unique imagination invites readers to question their understanding of the universe and their place in it(Chiang独特的想象力邀请读者质疑他们对宇宙的理解和他们在其中的位置)”可知，Stories of Your Life and Others这本书探索人类与宇宙之间的关系。故选D。]
2．Whose book uncovers the crime done by robots to humans？( )
A．Adrian Tchaikovsky's． B．Ted Chiang's．
C．Neal Asher's． D．TJ Klune's．
D [细节理解题。根据In the Lives of Puppets by TJ Klune中“...he learns of a shared criminal past between the robots—a past spent in hunting humans(他了解到机器人之间有共同的犯罪过去——一个用来猎杀人类的过去)”可知，TJ Klune在In the Lives of Puppets一书中揭露了机器人对人类犯下的罪行。故选D。]
3．Who is the text probably intended for？( )
A．Book reviewers． B．Sci-fi lovers．
C．The universe researchers． D．Robot developers．
B [推理判断题。本文介绍了四本科幻书籍。四本书都与科幻有关，因此是写给科幻爱好者的。故选B。]
B 篇(限时7分钟)
(2024·陕西咸阳三模)
Researchers believe they have found evidence for a hidden ocean on Mimas，one of Saturn's major moons．This makes Mimas a target for learning more about the origins of life in our solar system．
Saturn has 146 moons orbiting it．The biggest is larger than the planet Mercury；the smallest is roughly the size of a sports field on the Earth．Mimas，which was first discovered in 1789，is one of the major moons and is about 250 miles wide．
Experts used to think Mimas was mostly made out of solid ice and rock．In 2014，astronomers noticed its orbit around Saturn was moving unsteadily．A shaky orbit can be caused either by a core shaped like a rugby ball or a huge liquid ocean beneath the surface．At first，lots of astronomers argued against the suggestion that Mimas had an ocean because there is no sign of it on the surface．
To investigate more thoroughly，researchers looked at images taken by Cassini，a NASA spacecraft sent to study Saturn．The images showed that the moon's orbit around Saturn drifted by about six miles over 13 years．The team's calculations found that the only way Mimas could move in this way was that it had a hidden ocean under the surface．They thought the ocean formed when the moon's core warmed up and melted some of the ice．
“The major findings here are that Mimas，which we would never think to have water，might support life，”said Valery Lainey，a writer of the study．“It's really amazing．”
Space agencies want to study these oceans because they might be home to living organisms．However，the ocean on Mimas might not be old enough for life to have emerged there yet．It took hundreds of millions of years for life to develop on the Earth and the ocean on Mimas is relatively young；it is less than 25 million years old．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于土星的主要卫星之一Mimas可能存在隐藏海洋的科学研究发现及其意义，同时涉及了对其他卫星的简要对比。
4．What is the exploration of Mimas aimed at in paragraph 1？( )
A．Providing evidence for a hidden ocean．
B．Exploring the beginning of life in outer space．
C．Promoting research for space exploration．
D．Ensuring harmony between man and nature．
B [细节理解题。由文章第一段“This makes Mimas a target for learning more about the origins of life in our solar system．”可知，对Mimas的探索旨在了解太阳系中生命起源的更多信息。故选B。]
5．What is the main idea of paragraph 2？( )
A．The discovery of Saturn's moons．
B．The number and variety of moons orbiting Saturn．
C．The size and characteristics of Mimas．
D．The comparison between Saturn and Mercury．
B [段落大意题。第二段主要介绍了绕土星运行的卫星的数量和种类。故选B。]
6．What did astronomers initially think of the existence of an ocean on Mimas？( )
A．Confident． B．Indifferent．
C．Optimistic． D．Doubtful．
D [推理判断题。由文章第三段中“At first，lots of astronomers argued against the suggestion that Mimas had an ocean because there is no sign of it on the surface．”可知，天文学家最初对Mimas存在海洋的想法是持怀疑态度的。故选D。]
7．Why did the researchers use Cassini's images to investigate Mimas？( )
A．To analyze its orbit．
B．To measure its size．
C．To observe its surface．
D．To find landing sites．
A [推理判断题。由文章第四段中“To investigate more thoroughly，researchers looked at images taken by Cassini，a NASA spacecraft sent to study Saturn．The images showed that the moon's orbit around Saturn drifted by about six miles over 13 years．”可知，研究人员使用卡西尼号的图像来调查Mimas是为了更深入的研究，特别是为了分析它的轨道异常现象。故选A。]
C 篇(限时7分钟)
(2024·河南新乡三模)
English businessman Richard Branson made history on July 11，2021 as he and three other crewmates became the world's first space tourists．The flight was made by a spacecraft named VSS Unity that was built by Branson's company，Virgin Galactic．The flight lasted slightly more than an hour，and took Branson and crew to an altitude (海拔) of 53.5 miles above the Earth，just a little above the boundary (边界) of space which lies 50 miles above the Earth．
At that height，the atmosphere turns into the black of outer space and the Earth becomes a bent ball of blue．Travelers also exhibit weightlessness as there is no gravity，the force that keeps our bodies walking on the Earth's surface．Therefore，Branson and his fellows were able to float around in VSS Unity while enjoying the views．They were able to do that for three minutes before the spacecraft began its downward journey．It landed back at Virgin Galactic's space port in New Mexico，the United States，which was the same place from where it had taken off 90 minutes before．
On landing back，Branson said，“I have dreamt of this moment since I was a kid but honestly，nothing could prepare you for the view of the Earth from space．It is just magical．I'm just taking it all in，and it's unreal．”
July 11's flight is the start of space tourism for one and all．In the near future，customers who can afford a ticket for a quarter of a million dollars can line up for a seat on a trip to space．And guess what—they will have a choice of spacecraft．Jeff Bezos，who owns a famous company，launched himself into space on July 20 on board a spacecraft built by his new branch company Blue Origin．Blue Origin will also carry tourists to space．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了Richard Branson及其团队完成首次商业太空旅行的历史性事件，标志着太空旅游时代的开启，并提及了未来普通民众也有机会参与太空旅行的展望。
8．What is Richard Branson famous for？( )
A．His success in tourism．
B．His company of Virgin Galactic．
C．His spaceship named VSS Unity．
D．His first commercial space travel in history．
D [细节理解题。根据第一段“English businessman Richard Branson made history on July 11，2021 as he and three other crewmates became the world's first space tourists．”可知，Richard Branson作为有史以来的第一批太空游客，创造了历史，即因他有史以来第一次商业太空旅行而著名。故选D。]
9．What does Branson think of his space travel？( )
A．Unbelievable． B．Adventurous．
C．Regrettable． D．Worthless．
A [推理判断题。根据第三段“I have dreamt of this moment since I was a kid but honestly，nothing could prepare you for the view of the Earth from space．It is just magical．I'm just taking it all in，and it's unreal．”可知，Branson对于他的太空旅行感觉难以置信。故选A。]
10．What do space tourists have to do？( )
A．Take a spacecraft of Virgin Galactic．
B．Pay $250，000 for the tour．
C．Pass the fitness test for astronauts．
D．Line up for a position in Blue Origin．
B [细节理解题。根据第四段“In the near future，customers who can afford a ticket for a quarter of a million dollars can line up for a seat on a trip to space．”可知，游客需要能够支付得起25万美元的门票，才能进行太空之旅。故选B。]
11．What can we infer from the last paragraph？( )
A．Humans will move to other livable planets．
B．Ordinary people will soon land on the moon．
C．Private space travel is growing gradually．
D．Some companies abandon their proper business．
C [推理判断题。根据最后一段“Jeff Bezos，who owns a famous company，launched himself into space on July 20 on board a spacecraft built by his new branch company Blue Origin．Blue Origin will also carry tourists to space．”可推知，私人太空旅行在逐渐增加。故选C。]
Ⅱ．完形填空(限时12分钟)
(2025·江苏南通模拟)
For a little girl growing up in Colombia in the 1980s，a science career with NASA may have seemed like setting foot on a faraway planet． 1 ，Diana Trujillo has made it — she is a(n) 2 now，leading a 45-person team that's responsible for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover．Born in 1983，even as a young girl，Diana was certain of her passion for science．When she was 17，her dad offered to send her to Miami，Florida to study Aerospace Engineering．Without any 3 ，she followed her dad's 4 ．Arriving in the U．S．with just $300，Trujillo had to 5 through school by doing a series of housekeeping jobs．The 6 was definitely not easy，but Trujillo never complained．
Then came another 7 moment for Trujillo．One of her professors casually mentioned an astronaut they were acquainted with． 8 she was“just one person away from knowing an astronaut”was all it took to 9 Trujillo's career goals．So she 10 her studies in space science and 11 became the first Hispanic (拉丁裔的) woman to be admitted to the NASA Academy in 2007．Since then，Trujillo has worn many hats at America's space agency．
But Diana hasn't 12 there．She also leads by example， 13 women to pursue careers in STEM fields．Her own story is a 14 that just beyond that barrier lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to 15 the stars．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了哥伦比亚长大的Diana Trujillo克服重重困难，成了美国宇航局的一名工程师，领导着团队负责火星探测器的机械臂的故事。
( )1．A．Therefore B．Instead
C．However D．Moreover
C [根据上文“For a little girl growing up in Colombia in the 1980s，a science career with NASA may have seemed like setting foot on a faraway planet．”和下文“Diana Trujillo has made it”可知，对于Diana Trujillo这样身份的女性来说，在美国宇航局从事科学事业是遥不可及的事情，但她却做到了，上下文构成转折关系，应用However“然而”。故选C。]
( )2．A．astronaut B．engineer
C．pilot D．doctor
B [根据下文“leading a 45-person team that's responsible for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover”和“to study Aerospace Engineering”可知，Diana Trujillo领导着团队负责最新火星探测器的机械臂，而且学的是航空航天工程，因此她应该是一名工程师。故选B。]
( )3．A．hesitation B．complaint
C．expectation D．promise
A [根据上文“Born in 1983，even as a young girl，Diana was certain of her passion for science．”可知，还是个小女孩的时候，Diana就对科学充满了热情，因此她会毫不犹豫地接受父亲提出的想法，固定短语without hesitation意为“毫不犹豫地”。故选A。]
( )4．A．command B．footstep
C．request D．suggestion
D [根据上文“her dad offered to send her to Miami，Florida to study Aerospace Engineering”可知，此处指父亲提出的送她去学习航空航天工程的建议。故选D。]
( )5．A．go B．pass
C．struggle D．push
C [根据上文“with just $300”和空后“by doing a series of housekeeping jobs”可知，Trujillo当时经济比较困难，得做很多家政工作来赚钱，由此可知，她是艰难地完成了学业，固定短语struggle through意为“艰难地度过”。故选C。]
( )6．A．mission B．career
C．adventure D．process
D [根据上文“Arriving in the U．S．with just $300，Trujillo had to through school by doing a series of housekeeping jobs．”可知，此处指Trujillo通过打工赚钱来完成学业的过程。故选D。]
( )7．A．risk-taking B．life-changing
C．time-consuming D．energy-saving
B [根据下文“ she was‘just one person away from knowing an astronaut'was all it took to Trujillo's career goals．”可知，Trujillo由此更坚定地追求自己的职业目标，因此是经历了另一个改变人生的时刻。故选B。]
( )8．A．Realizing B．Remembering
C．Imagining D．Assuming
A [根据上文“One of her professors casually mentioned an astronaut they were acquainted with．”和下文“she was‘just one person away from knowing an astronaut’”可推知，教授不经意提到的事情让她意识到了自己离认识宇航员其实很近。故选A。]
( )9．A．record B．share
C．inspire D．finish
C [根据上文“she was‘just one person away from knowing an astronaut’”可知，自己离认识宇航员其实很近这样的想法会激励Trujillo的职业目标，让她继续努力学习。故选C。]
( )10．A．started B．abandoned
C．suspended D．continued
D [根据上文“to study Aerospace Engineering”和下文“became the first Hispanic woman to be admitted to the NASA Academy in 2007”可知，Trujillo一开始学的就是空间科学相关的专业，后来她真的被美国宇航局学院录取了，因此她是继续学习这个专业。故选D。]
( )11．A．immediately B．eventually
C．gradually D．suddenly
B [根据上文叙述的Trujillo克服经济困难，努力完成学业，以及在教授不经意提到的事情的启发下，继续学习可推知，此处指这个过程的结局是她最终成为第一位被美国宇航局学院录取的西班牙裔女性。故选B。]
( )12．A．left B．succeeded
C．stopped D．reached
C [根据下文“She also leads by example”可知，Diana还做了其他的事情，因此是并没有就此停止。故选C。]
( )13．A．encouraging B．promising
C．allowing D．persuading
A [根据上文“She also leads by example”可知，Diana以身作则，通过自己的故事来鼓励女性在STEM领域从事工作。故选A。]
( )14．A．symbol B．notice
C．warning D．reminder
D [根据上文叙述的在哥伦比亚长大的Diana Trujillo克服重重困难，成为了美国宇航局的一名工程师可推知，她的故事给予我们的是正面的提醒，告诉我们努力可以助力实现梦想。故选D。]
( )15．A．stare at B．reach for
C．long for D．come after
B [根据上文“lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to”可推知，此处是用Trujillo追寻太空梦的故事激励追寻梦想的人，只要努力工作，就有大量的机会实现梦想。故选B。]
Ⅲ．应用文写作(限时13分钟)
(2024·山西临汾三模)
假定你是学生会主席李华，你校为庆祝第九个“中国航天日”(Space Day of China) 将举办一系列活动，请你给外教Mr．Smith写一封邮件邀请他来参加。内容包括：
1．活动目的；
2．活动方案。
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Dear Mr．Smith，
I am Li Hua，chairman of the Student Union．
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Mr．Smith，
I am Li Hua，chairman of the Student Union． I'm writing to extend our earnest invitation for your participation in the 9th Space Day of China in our school．
To mark the remarkable achievements of China's aerospace industry and inspire the young to admire science，explore the unknown and embrace innovation，we have planned a series of exciting activities for the occasion，including guest lectures from experts in the field，interactive workshops on space technology，and a model rocket launch in the evening．
We would be honored if you could join us for this special day on 24th，April．Looking forward to your favorable response．
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
21 / 33课时数智作业(三十八)
选择性必修第三册 UNIT 2 Out of this world
Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟)
(2024·安徽合肥三模)
Scientist Erika Nesvold once asked a company aiming to mine the moon how he planned to address risks that mining equipment might carry microbes from Earth and pollute the moon．The response：“We'll worry about that later．”
“Space settlement advocates often advertise space as a wonderland where we can build ideal societies free from the crowded territory and bloodied history of our earth，” Nesvold argues in her new book，Off-Earth．“But adopting a ‘worry about it later'attitude...strikes me as a path to repeating the tragedies of that history through ignorance．”
Off-Earth is based on Making New Worlds，her 2017 podcast(播客) which asked ethical(伦理的) questions about space settlement．The book takes some of the same questions and expands on them．Each chapter title is a question：“Why are we going？” “Who's in charge？” “What if I get sick？”
Most chapters start with three vignettes(片段)，usually from different time periods．A chapter outlining debates over whether to settle space at all starts by asking the reader to imagine being in the 1600s and deciding to uproot your family and head to the New World．A chapter on how land usage and ownership rights might work in space imagines a person recently freed from slavery in the U．S．South in 1865 and worrying that the new president will take back the land they finally own．The third vignette is usually set in the year 2100，on a space settlement．
Then Nesvold examines how various ethical situations related to the chapter's theme might play out in space．She quotes experts in fields that don't often come up in space science：ethics，philosophy，law etc．This approach is a departure from many books about the future of life on the final frontier，forcing readers to face hard realities and possible points of conflicts．
Brilliant and inspiring，Off-Earth will not only challenge your assumptions about future worlds，but will change your understanding of the values and desires that shape the world today．
1．What does Nesvold think of the “worry about it later” attitude？( )
A．It leads to potential disasters．
B．It's a responsible mindset．
C．It's deeply rooted in our history．
D．It helps build ideal societies in space．
2．What can be known about the book Off-Earth？( )
A．It's categorized as an ethical novel．
B．It features quotes from space experts．
C．It's an extension of her 2017 podcast．
D．It begins each chapter with a question．
3．What does Nesvold do to clarify her opinion in Off-Earth？( )
A．She draws on lessons from her own life．
B．She integrates insight across the sciences．
C．She cites current situations for debate．
D．She outlines each chapter with three vignettes．
4．What is a best title for the text？( )
A．The Author of Off-Earth Opposes Space Settlement
B．A Commercial Success of a New Release Off-Earth
C．Off-Earth Asks How to Build a Better Future in Space
D．Transformation from Making New Worlds into Off-Earth
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟)
(2025·湖南郴州模拟)
Find the learning style that suits you best
To succeed academically，you need to be productive．To be productive，you need to find a suitable learning style．Whether it's for everyday learning or revising for exams，the learning style that helps you achieve maximum productivity will be crucial． 1
Note-taking
Note-taking can include copying out passages of books or summarizing concepts on notecards． 2 The problem with note-taking is that it's all too easy simply to copy out what someone else says without really taking it in．
3
Sometimes you might find that you learn things more easily if you have to explain a concept to someone else．This is because in order to explain something clearly to someone else，you have to have a thorough grasp of it yourself．For example，giving a presentation to fellow students will require you first to have an excellent understanding of the topic and then to put together materials from which the others can learn．
Learning by doing
This method means，trying to experience things in real life rather than reading things in books． 4 Experiencing things practically gives your brain something concrete to remember，so you will absorb the information more easily．
Tests and mock exams (模拟考试)
5 If you're the sort of person who benefits from these sorts of challenges，you could try asking your teacher，parents or study buddies to set a mock exam to test what you've learned on a particular topic．
A．Explaining to others
B．Diagrams and mind maps
C．If so，visual methods of learning might suit you best．
D．Here are some common learning styles and choose one that suits you best!
E．Some people like them because they provide strong motivation to succeed．
F．It's a classic learning method，but may not be the best way for everyone to learn．
G．For example，you could conduct a scientific experiment or observe how a chemical reaction works．
Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟)
(2024·江苏南京模拟)
China plans to start building a lunar base in about four years，1． (kick) off with bricks made of moon soil，according to scientists related to the project，the local news agency reported．Ding Lieyun，2． leading scientist at Huazhong University of Science and Technology，told local media that the first brick 3． (make) from moon soil during the Chang'e 8 mission around 2028．
China has previously said its lunar base will likely be powered by nuclear energy，and will include a lander，hopper，orbiter and rover，all of 4． would be constructed by the Chang'e 6，7 and 8 missions．It wasn't immediately clear in the interview 5． the entire base will be built with lunar soil．
“Eventually，building habitation 6． the Earth is essential not only for all humanity's quest for space exploration，but also for China's 7． (strategy) needs as a space power，” Ding said in a separate interview．
The moon is believed 8． (contain) a source of waste-free nuclear energy that could meet global energy demands for 250 years，meaning potentially hundreds of billions of dollars'worth of resources．
Yu Dengyun，from the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation，provided an 9． (update) timeline for the next three Chang'e missions．Chang'e 6 will launch in 2025 to collect samples from the far side of the moon，Chang'e 7 will blast-off the following year to search for water-ice，10． Chang'e 8 should land some two years after that．
Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·湖南怀化三模)
It started out as a simple hike in the Utah canyonlands on a warm Saturday afternoon．For Aron Ralston，a twenty-seven-year-old mountaineer and outdoorsman，a walk into the remote Blue John Canyon was a chance to get a break from a winter of solo climbing Colorado's highest and toughest peaks．He'd earned this weekend vacation，and though he met two other climbers along the way，by early afternoon he had finally found himself in his element：alone，with just the beauty of the natural world all around him．
It was 2:41 pm．Eight miles from his truck，in a deep and narrow slot (狭缝) canyon，Aron was climbing down a wedged boulder (巨石) when the rock suddenly came loose．Before he could get out of the way，the falling stone pinned his right hand and wrist against the canyon wall．
And so began 4 days of suffering for Aron Ralston．With little water and food，no jacket for the painfully cold nights，and the terrible knowledge that he'd told no one where he was headed，he found himself facing a lingering death—trapped by an 800-pound boulder 100 feet down in the bottom of a canyon．As he eliminated (淘汰) his escape options one by one through the days，Aron faced the full horror of his situation：By the time any possible search and rescue effort would begin，he'd most probably have died of dehydration (脱水)，if a flash flood didn't drown him before that．
What does one do in the face of almost certain death？Using the video camera from his pack，Aron began recording his grateful goodbyes to his family and friends，thinking back over a life filled with adventure，and documenting a last will with the hope that someone would find it．
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
Aron was growing weaker with each passing day．
Luckily，the rescue team found Aron．
6 / 6
