核心词汇 1．load vt．& vi．装上，装入 n．负载；承载量；大量 2．log n．航海日志，正式记录；原木 vi．& vt．伐木 3．dismiss vt．不予考虑，对……不屑一提；去除，摒除；解雇；解散 4．insist vi．& vt．坚决要求，坚持；坚持说 5．route n．路线，路途；途径，渠道 6．leak vi．漏，渗漏；渗入vt．漏，渗漏；泄露 n．漏洞 7．panic n．惊恐，恐慌vi．& vt．(panicked，panicked)(使)惊慌，(使)惊慌失措 8．regardless adv．不顾，不加理会 9．facilitate vt．使便利，促进 10．available adj．可获得的，可找到的；有空的 11．pack vt．& vi．塞进，挤进；装(箱)，收拾；打包；包装 n．包，包裹；小盒，小包 12．contrary adj．相反的，相对立的；截然不同的 13．aboard prep．&adv．在(车、船、飞机等)上，上(车、船、飞机等) 14．rub vt．& vi．擦，磨，搓；(使)相互摩擦 15．uniform n．制服；队服adj．一致的，统一的 16．meanwhile adv．同时；其间；对比之下 17．chaos n．混乱，杂乱 18．hatch vt．密谋，策划；使孵出vi．孵化；孵出 19．plot n．阴谋；故事情节vi．& vt．密谋 20．reform vt．改进，改良，改革 n．改革，改良 21．output n．产量，输出量 22．cloth n．织物，布料 23．shift n．改变，转移；轮班 vi．& vt．(使)移动，(使)转移；改变 24．shelf n．(pl．shelves)(书架等的)架子，搁板 25．subsequent adj．随后的，后来的
阅读词汇 1．voyage n．航海，航行，航天 vi．航行，远行 2．navigate vt．航行；导航 vi．导航 3．compass n．罗盘，指南针；圆规 4．minister n．大臣，部长 5．deck n．甲板，舱面 6．episode n．一段经历，片段；一集 7．shore n．岸，滨 8．kingdom n．王国；管辖范围 9．navy n．海军，海军部队 10．cottage n．小屋，村舍 11．captain n．船长，机长；上校；队长 12．phrase n．成语，习语；短语，词组
拓展词汇 1．convince vt．使确信，使相信；说服，劝说→convincing adj．令人信服的；有说服力的→convinced adj．坚信的；确信的 2．strengthen vt．& vi．加强，增强→strong adj．强壮的→strength n．力气；力量；强项 3．harmonious adj．友好和睦的；协调的，和谐的→harmony n．和谐；融洽 4．shortage n．不足，短缺→short adj．短的；不足的；矮的，低的→shorten vt．缩短；减少 vi．缩短；变短 5．astonish vt．使十分惊讶，使吃惊→astonishing adj．令人惊讶的→astonished adj．感到惊讶的→astonishment n．惊讶；震惊 6．adopt vt．采用，采取；表决采纳；领养，收养 vi．领养，收养→adopted adj．被收养的；被采用的→adoption n．收养；采用 7．violently adv．猛烈地，厉害地；强烈地，激烈地；凶狠地→violent adj．暴力的；猛烈的→violence n．暴力，暴行；狂热，激情 8．freeze vi．& vt．(froze，frozen)突然停止，呆住；结冰；冻僵→freezing adj．冰点以下的，结冰的；极冷的→frozen adj．呆住的；冻结的；冷冻的；冻僵的 9．bleed vi．(bled，bled)失血，流血→blood n．血，血液；血统→bleeding n．流血；失血 10．memorial n．纪念碑(或像等)；纪念物→memorize vt．记住，背熟；记忆→memory n．记性，记忆力；内存，存储器；回忆
高频短语 1．on behalf of 代表(或代替)；为帮助；为了 2．regardless of 不管，不顾 3．allow for 使成为可能；考虑到，把……计算在内 4．sort out 理顺，整理；把……安排好 5．contrary to 与……相反 6．have an impact on对……有影响 7．pass on 传递；传下去 8．get in touch with 和……取得联系
句型公式 1．Those who make great discoveries must often overcome many challenges along the way—as was the case with the explorer Christopher Columbus．(as引导非限制性定语从句) 那些有伟大发现的人，往往必须克服前进道路上的重重挑战，探险家克里斯托弗·哥伦布亦是如此。 2．Russell was saved from the water，but he was badly burnt，bleeding heavily．(动词-ing形式作伴随状语) 拉塞尔被从水中救了出来，但他严重烧伤，血流不止。
Bill was exceptionally enthusiastic about adventures．At age 21，he joined a marine expedition and was assigned 1．to keep (keep) logs of the voyage．On a freezing cold day，the crew got aboard their ship 2．loaded (load) with packs of daily necessities，departed from the French coast and headed for Africa．Along the way，Bill admired the breathtaking sea views，ranging from the sunrises and sunsets 3．to the diving seagulls and the roaring and thundering waves．Meanwhile，these experiences strengthened his understanding of how humans should live in 4．harmony (harmonious) with the oceans．
One day，they were navigating along the scheduled route 5．when，unfortunately，their ship crashed violently into an iceberg．It started to leak，6．causing (cause) a total chaos among the crew．However，contrary to the reaction of the panicked crew members，the captain remained calm when the ship was about 7．to sink (sink)．He managed to convince his men not to abandon the hope of survival，promising to take them to safety．8．Subsequently (subsequent)，all belongings were thrown away except for small boats，food，stoves，blankets and 9．compasses (compass)．After three days at sea，they landed on a desert island，where they lived miserably 10．until they were rescued by a passing ship．It was really an unforgettable episode in Bill's life．
1．convince vt．使确信，使相信；说服，劝说
①Yuan was convinced (convince) that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice．
②Two main tasks remained ahead：researching ways to clean up the park and preparing a convincing (convince) presentation．
③Convinced of the accuracy of the data collected，the researchers stuck to their opinion．
词汇升级
(普通表达)I firmly believe that what you'd like to share at the chat show will be of great benefit to us．
(高级表达)I am firmly convinced that what you'd like to share at the chat show will be of great benefit to us．
◎convince sb．of sth．使某人信服某事
◎convince sb．to do sth．说服某人做某事
◎convince sb．(that)...使某人确信……
◎be convinced of/that...确信……
◎I felt some kind of relief and convinced him of his capability to fulfill this ambition．
我感到多少松了一口气，并让他相信他有能力实现这个雄心壮志。
2．acknowledge vt．承认(权威、地位)；承认(属实)；(公开)感谢
①(外研版选择性必修第三册Unit 1)What I really admire is the way she has acknowledged (acknowledge) that good health not only makes us more beautiful，but happier，too!
②Yuan Longping is acknowledged as the“father of hybrid rice”．
一句多译
众所周知，面部识别使我们更容易进入车站和其他地方。
①It is acknowledged that facial recognition makes it easy for us to get into stations and other places．
②Facial recognition is acknowledged to make it easy for us to get into stations and other places．
◎acknowledge...to be/as...认为……是……；承认……是……
◎acknowledge doing/having done sth．承认做了某事
◎acknowledge that...承认……
◎It is universally/widely acknowledged that...大家公认……
◎(2024·浙江1月卷)Her efforts were acknowledged by the teacher，who praised her innovative thinking．
她的努力得到了老师的认可，并表扬了她的创新思维。
3．insist vi．& vt．坚决要求，坚持；坚持说
①(人教版选择性必修第一册Unit 1)Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe．
②Some students who are against it insist that the patients should be informed (inform) of the truth of their illness．
句式升级
(普通表达)I insisted that he take the money but he stood up and said，“No，thank you very much，but I can't accept it．I want to work to get money．”
(高级表达)I insisted on his taking the money but he stood up and said，“No，thank you very much，but I can't accept it．I want to work to get money．”(insist on)
◎insist on sth．坚决要求……；坚持……
◎insist on (sb．/one's) doing sth．坚决要求(某人)做某事；执意让(某人)做某事
◎insist (that)...(从句用陈述语气)坚持说……；坚决认为……
◎insist that sb．(should) do...坚决要求/主张/坚持某人(应该)做……
◎David insisted on running as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses．
大卫坚持跑步，好像忘记了他所有的弱点。
4．panic n．惊恐，恐慌 vi．& vt．(使)惊慌，(使)惊慌失措
①(外研版必修第一册Unit 1)Everyone started laughing．I looked at them in panic．
②Hearing the gun，the rabbit was panicked (panic) into running straight for the headlights．
应用文写作之建议信
当你在演讲的时候，记得保持微笑，即使你忘记了你要说的话，也不要惊慌，继续你的演讲。
When you are giving the speech，remember to keep smiling and even if you forget your words，don't panic and just continue your speech．
◎panic sb．into doing sth．使某人因惊慌而做某事
◎in panic 惊慌失措地
◎get into a panic 陷入恐慌
◎(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)The next minute，the porridge boiled over and put out the fire．Jenna panicked．
下一分钟，粥沸腾了，把炉火浇灭了。詹娜惊慌失措。
5．contrary adj．相反的，相对立的；截然不同的
①(北师大版选择性必修第二册Unit 4)On the contrary，he is nothing like Mr Bean．
② I was requested to carry on with my work unless ordered to the contrary．
读后续写之人物描写
这个人给人的印象是过于谨慎，但实际正相反，他喜欢冒险。
The man gives the impression that he's overcautious，but on the contrary，he likes adventures．
◎(be) contrary to...与……相反；与……相对立
◎on the contrary 恰恰相反；正相反
◎to the contrary 相反的；相反地
◎On the contrary，50% of the students choose to watch English movies as a way of learning．
恰恰相反，50%的学生选择看英语电影作为一种学习方式。
6．regardless of 不管，不顾
①(外研版选择性必修第三册Unit 2)Cunningham would go out onto the streets of New York each and every day，regardless of the weather．
②Regardless of what was previously agreed to，we now refuse to sign the contract．
读后续写之感悟升华
我的家人会做正确的事情，帮助别人，不管结果如何，在未来的生活中做额外的善事。
My family will do the right things，helping people regardless of the outcome and doing extra kindness in the future life．
◎regardless of the fact that...不顾……的事实
◎with regard to 关于；至于
◎despite/in spite of 尽管
◎(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)When the running began，he ran with all his strength，regardless of his abnormal steps．
当跑步开始时，他不顾自己不正常的步伐，用尽全身的力气跑起来。
7．[教材原句]Those who make great discoveries must often overcome many challenges along the way—as was the case with the explorer Christopher Columbus．那些有伟大发现的人，往往必须克服前进道路上的重重挑战，探险家克里斯托弗· 哥伦布亦是如此。
①(外研版选择性必修第四册Unit 4)As is often the case all over the world with new areas of economic activity，the sharing economy is developing faster than existing regulations or ongoing supervision．
② Mr Black is again deeply absorbed in his research work，as he often is．
读后续写之人物描写
像往常一样，她的善良使她毫不犹豫地向那些需要帮助的人提供帮助。
As was often the case，her kindess led her to offer help to those in need without hesitation．
◎as意为“正如；就像”时可引导非限制性定语从句。有些说法已成习惯用语，如：as is/was often the case“通常情况下”，as is my usual practice“这是我的习惯”，as is/was typical“一如往常；一贯如此”。
◎(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) As we all know，you are not only an outstanding English teacher in our school，but also a fantastic educator．
我们都知道，您不仅是我们学校一位杰出的英语老师，也是一位出色的教育家。
8．[教材原句]Russell was saved from the water，but he was badly burnt，bleeding heavily．拉塞尔被从水中救了出来，但他严重烧伤，血流不止。
①(外研版必修第三册Unit 4)Those who saw Han Gan's horse paintings all sang high praises for his unique skill，saying (say) that his horses“could gallop off the paper”．
②Tu Youyou won the Nobel Prize，whose inventions and innovations improved human health all over the world，promoting (promote) the understanding of traditional Chinese medicine．
应用文写作之报道
这个活动很有意义，既教会了学生们关心别人，又给了那些贫困的孩子们一个学习的机会。
The activity is very meaningful，both teaching students to care about others and giving those poor kids a chance to study．
◎动词-ing形式在句子中充当伴随状语时，分词动作与句子的谓语动词的动作同时或几乎同时发生，且与句子的主语之间是主动关系。动词-ed形式也可作伴随状语，只是与句子的主语之间是被动关系。
◎(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Following an uncomfortable pause，he simply nodded，saying，“I agree to this arrangement and trust you．”
在一阵尴尬的停顿之后，他只是点了点头，说：“我同意这个安排，并且相信你。”
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．He has proved himself capable of handling complex situations，and these results are a further proof of his outstanding ability．(prove)
2．Children are often exposed to many influences，and the highly influential media play a major role in influencing their opinions．(influence)
3．A country's finance comes from taxpayers．To be financially independent，a country must shake off the control of foreign capital．Moreover，financial security should be high on the government's list of priorities．(finance)
4．Experts are astonished to find that China is facing an astonishing rise in the number of old people．Many ordinary people may also gasp in astonishment at the trend．(astonish)
5．Jack is the adopted son of Mrs Green，who adopted him when his parents died 20 years ago．Thanks to her adoption，Jack was able to receive a good education and become an engineer．(adopt)
6．I compared the characters of the twins，and my comparison showed that there was a considerable difference between them．(compare)
7．Teenagers who often watch violent movies can become aggressive and even commit violence．(violent)
8．It is freezing cold outside，and more snow is falling on the already frozen streets．(freeze)
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．shift
A．v．转移 B．n．改变 C．n．轮班
(1)(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area，a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect． B
(2)Instead，she usually shifted the conversation to the performances of other teammates． A
(3)Like many medical students in training，I was assigned the night shift． C
2．sink
A．vi．坐下 B．n．洗碗槽
(1)(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread． B
(2)My mouth felt dry as I followed my mother into the doctor's office and sank into a chair next to hers． A
3．The little girl who stayed at home alone froze with terror as the door slowly opened． B
A．v．使冻结 B．v．停住不动，惊呆
C．n．严寒期
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．如图所示，大多数学生，多达70%，致力于学习，而30%去旅游。
As is shown in the chart，the majority of students，as many as 70%，devoted themselves to studying while 30% went traveling．
2．父亲不明白儿子的意思，只是站在那里，等着儿子的解释。
Not knowing what his son meant，the father just stood there，waiting for his boy's explanation．
3．相反，你应该自信和勇敢，只要有机会就试着说中文。
On the contrary，you should be confident and brave，and try to speak Chinese whenever you can．
4．我很高兴，虽然一开始我很惊慌，但我作出了正确的决定。
I was glad that though I panicked at the beginning，I made a right decision．
你们学校正举办主题为“用英文讲中国故事”的征文活动。请你以一位中国历史人物为题写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1．人物简介及事迹；2．意义或启示。
写作微练
①对于被广泛认可的历史人物，我不得不提范仲淹。(historical)
As the widely recognized historical figure，I have to mention Fan Zhongyan．
②范仲淹被认为是中国宋代有影响力的作家和政治家。(influential)
Fan Zhongyan is acknowledged/considered as/to be an influential Chinese writer and politician in the Song Dynasty．
③范仲淹因其对社会的巨大贡献而受到高度赞赏。(appreciate)
Fan Zhongyan is highly appreciated for his great contributions to society．
④他坚持不遗余力地进行一系列改革，使他的国家繁荣起来。(insist on)
He insisted on sparing no effort to carry out a series of reforms to make his country prosperous．
⑤他采取了一项改革教学方式的政策。(adopt)
He adopted a policy to reform the way of teaching system．
⑥这项政策对中国的教育制度产生了深远的影响。
The policy had a far-reaching impact/influence/effect on the Chinese educational system．
⑦给我印象最深的是他著名的人生哲学，激励我做一个正直的人。
His famous philosophy of life impresses me most，and inspires me to be a man of integrity．
⑧范仲淹是中国优秀的历史人物，完全值得我们钦佩和尊敬。
Fan Zhongyan is such an exceptional historical figure in China that he fully deserves our admiration and respect．
句式升级
⑨用when it comes to，acknowledge，限制性定语从句升级句①
When it comes to the historical figure that is widely acknowledged，I have to mention Fan Zhongyan．
⑩用非限制性定语从句合并句②和句③
Fan Zhongyan，who is acknowledged/considered as/to be an influential Chinese writer and politician in the Song Dynasty，is highly appreciated for his great contributions to society．
用what引导的主语从句和非限制性定语从句升级句⑦
What impresses me most is his famous philosophy of life，which inspires me to be a man of integrity．
妙笔成篇
The Historical Figure in China
When it comes to the historical figure that is widely acknowledged，I have to mention Fan Zhongyan．
Fan Zhongyan，who is acknowledged/considered as/to be an influential Chinese writer and politician in the Song Dynasty，is highly appreciated for his great contributions to society．He insisted on sparing no effort to carry out a series of reforms to make his country prosperous．What's more，he adopted a policy to reform the way of teaching system，which had a far-reaching impact/influence/effect on the Chinese educational system．What impresses me most is his famous philosophy of life，which inspires me to be a man of integrity．
Fan Zhongyan is such an exceptional historical figure in China that he fully deserves our admiration and respect．
语料积累
教材语料 亮词 harmonious；panic；violently；convince；insist；astonish；freeze；bleed
美句 1．The men aboard the warship USS Arizona stretched and rubbed their eyes． 2．The men went to the washroom，dressed in their uniforms and sat down to breakfast． 3．As bombs thundered all around，clouds of black smoke rose into the sky and hung over the sea．Russell felt his blood freeze，but he quickly came to himself and rushed up to the deck．
拓展语料 语块 a river of tears 泪流成河；sobbing uncontrollably 无法控制地抽泣；weeping bitterly 痛哭流涕；heartbroken tears 伤心的泪水；tears of joy 喜悦的泪水；silent tears 无声的泪水；burst into tears 突然大哭起来；wipe tears 擦去泪水；a teary goodbye 挥泪道别；tears welling up 泪水涌上；with tears in one's eyes 眼中含着泪水；shed tears 流泪
句型 1．My heart was pounding and tears were rolling down my face． 我的心在怦怦跳，眼泪顺着脸庞滑下。 2．Sometimes，after the children were asleep and I was alone，tears came． 有时候，孩子们都睡着了，独处时，眼泪就会涌出来。 3．As she lost her chance to be admitted to the team，tears of frustration blurred/misted her eyes/vision． 当她失去被选进球队的机会时，沮丧的泪水模糊了她的双眼/视野。 4．I promised myself when I was getting dressed that I would hold back my tears no matter what． 当我穿衣服的时候，我向自己保证无论发生什么我都会忍住眼泪。
语料运用
①听到这个好消息，威尔喜出望外，幸福的泪水像钻石一样在他的眼睛里闪烁。
Hearing of the good news，Will turned overjoyed，tears of happiness shining like diamonds in his eyes．
②他哽咽着拥抱了艾伦，再也抑制不住泪水了。
He hugged Allen with a lump in his throat，and he couldn't hold back his tears anymore．
③艾伦拍了拍他的头，感谢这珍贵的善意，感激的泪水模糊了她的眼睛。
Allen patted his head and appreciated the precious kindness，tears of gratitude blurring her eyes．
④即使为了他母亲的治疗，他们不得不卖掉房子，威尔仍然可以为一个陌生人买食物。
Even though they had to sell the house for his mother's treatment，Will could still buy food for a stranger．
⑤艾伦问：“我们应该善待世界，世界也会善待你，不是吗？”
Allen asked，“We should be kind to the world，and the world will be kind to you，isn't it？”
⑥听到这句话，威尔又哭了起来，但这次是温暖而高兴的。
Listening to the words，Will burst into tears again，but this time warm and delighted．
课时数智作业(三十九)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A 篇(限时6分钟)
(2024·湖南长沙一模)
Every day people joined archaeologists and artists in finding some of the year's most dramatic discoveries．Below are some examples of 2023．
“Naughty pupils”—ancient punishment method resurfaces
Archaeologists discovered 18，000 ink-carved pieces of pottery-known as“ostraca”—at the site of Athribis early this year，and among them were hundreds of fragments(碎片)with a single symbol repeated front and back．
Those scribbles(潦草的文字)are evidence of“naughty pupils”being made to write lines，according to researchers at Germany's University of Tuebingen．The fragments also included receipts，school texts，trade information and lists of names．
Van Gogh peers out in hidden portrait
There is one more known Van Gogh's self-portrait in the world，and it was hidden behind a painting of a peasant woman．People made the discovery when they took an X-ray of one of his portraits from 1885 and discovered the artist's own image behind layers of cardboard and glue．While X-rays often reveal how artists-changed their compositions，the full self-portrait of Van Gogh came as a huge surprise，who was known to reuse canvas (画布) to save money．
Another treasure collection from Sanxingdui
The Sanxingdui archaeological site has produced thousands of relics．The latest discovery，reported by Chinese state media in June includes 3，155 objects，a turtle shell-shaped box and a sacrificial altar among them．A team has been digging six places of the site，turning up more than 13，000 objects so far．Last year，the relics they uncovered included a golden mask，artifacts(手工艺品) and a jade knife．The Sanxingdui culture still remains mysterious，as it left behind no written records or human remains，though many believe it to be part of the ancient kingdom of Shu，which ruled along the upper stream of the Yangtze River until it was conquered in 316 BC．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三个考古新发现。
1．What led to the researchers'conclusion about the fragments？( )
A．The repeated symbol． B．Trade information．
C．Lists of pupils'names． D．The mark of ink．
A [细节理解题。根据“Naughty pupils”—ancient punishment method resurfaces部分中的“Those scribbles are evidence of‘naughty pupils'being made to write lines，according to researchers at Germany's University of Tuebingen．”可知，研究人员是由这些碎片上的重复符号得出结论，证明这些碎片的内容是调皮的学生所写。故选A。]
2．Why did Van Gogh hide his self-portrait in a painting？( )
A．To keep away from X-rays．
B．To save money．
C．To make his works more mysterious．
D．To help people find his composition．
B [细节理解题。根据Van Gogh peers out in hidden portrait部分中的“the full self-portrait of Van Gogh came as a huge surprise，who was known to reuse canvas to save money”可知，梵高是为了省钱才将自画像隐藏在一幅画中。故选B。]
3．Which is the newly-unearthed relic of 2023 in Sanxingdui site？( )
A．A jade knife．
B．A golden mask．
C．A written record．
D．A turtle shell-shaped box．
D [细节理解题。根据Another treasure collection from Sanxingdui部分中的“a turtle shell-shaped box and a sacrificial altar among them”可知，2023年三星堆遗址新出土的器物包括一个龟壳形状的盒子。故选D。]
B 篇(限时7分钟)
(2025·安徽蚌埠模拟)
It is no accident that so many fairy tale characters find themselves having to cross dangerous areas of woodland．In a most practical sense，as the ancients dreamed up those stories and even when the oral traditions were finally written down in the middle ages and later，the lands of northern and western Europe were thick with woodland．The dangers were obvious：from robbers lying in wait for unsuspecting travelers to opportunistic wolves hungry for the kill．
In many cultures，the forest is for god or ancestor worship．In An Illustrated Encyclopaedia Of Traditional Symbols，JC Cooper writes，“Entering the Dark Forest or the Enchanted Forest is a threshold (门槛) symbol：the soul entering the dangers of the unknown；the world of death；the secrets of nature，or the spiritual world which man must go through to find the meaning．”
The forest is a place of magic then，magic that can be dangerous，but also a place of opportunity and transformation．In the tale of Beauty and the Beast，the merchant is directed by invisible forces within the forest to the Beast's castle，only then to be directed by invisible hands to his fate．
As for Little Red Riding Hood，straying from (偏离) the path and into the woods is similarly dangerous and filled with treachery (背叛)．Symbolically，those who lose their way in the uncharted forest are losing their way in life，losing touch with their conscious selves and voyaging into the state of the subconscious．
And yet，in legends such as Robin Hood，or the great Hindu love story of Rama and Sita，the forest becomes a hiding place．The forest provides refuge (庇护) for great heroes who after a period of hard time come back to fight for justice．Their time in the forest could perhaps be interpreted as a period of personal development．
Today，still，woodland remains as a refuge from institutional order，from control and limitation of personal freedom．Forests are places full of mystery，where imagination and the subconscious can run free，where we can return to our original selves．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章详细探讨了森林在不同文化和童话故事中所扮演的角色，以及它对人类心理和精神世界的影响。
4．What does the author think of the woodland dangers in fairy tales？( )
A．They are created without reasonable basis．
B．They are a reflection of real-life dangers．
C．They differ greatly from those in real life．
D．They are apparent and can be easily avoided．
B [细节理解题。根据第一段可知，许多童话故事中的人物不得不穿越危险的森林地带，这并非偶然。童话中的森林危险反映了现实生活中的危险。故选B。]
5．What does JC Cooper stress with her words in paragraph 2？( )
A．The hidden dangers in the forest．
B．The symbols in different cultures．
C．The symbolic meaning of the forest．
D．The educational functions of the forest．
C [推理判断题。根据第二段“Entering the Dark Forest or the Enchanted Forest is a threshold symbol：the soul entering the dangers of the unknown；the world of death；the secrets of nature，or the spiritual world which man must go through to find the meaning．”可知，Cooper强调的是森林的象征意义。故选C。]
6．The woodland plays the role of a shelter for the hero in ．( )
A．Rama and Sita
B．Beauty and the Beast
C．Little Red Riding Hood
D．An Illustrated Encyclopaedia Of Traditional Symbols
A [细节理解题。根据第五段“And yet，in legends such as Robin Hood，or the great Hindu love story of Rama and Sita，the forest becomes a hiding place．The forest provides refuge for great heroes who after a period of hard time come back to fight for justice．”可知，森林在这些故事中扮演了英雄的庇护所的角色。故选A。]
7．How is the text developed？( )
A．By following time order．
B．By giving examples．
C．By making comparisons．
D．By explaining a principle．
B [推理判断题。文章通过举例来展开论述，如《美女与野兽》中的商人被无形的力量引导到野兽的城堡，以及《小红帽》中偏离小径进入森林的危险和背叛。这些例子说明了森林在童话中的多重角色和象征意义。故选B。]
C 篇(限时7分钟)
(2024·江苏南通模拟)
A new study analyzing stone tools from southern China provides the earliest evidence of rice harvesting，dating to as early as 10，000 years ago．The researchers identified two methods of harvesting rice，which helped start rice domestication(家庭种植)．
To harvest rice，some sort of tools would have been needed．“For quite a long time，one of the puzzles has been that harvesting tools have not been found in southern China from the early Neolithic period or New Stone Age (10，000－7，000 Before Present)—the time period when we know rice began to be domesticated，”says lead author Jiajing Wang，an assistant professor of anthropology at Dartmouth．
“However，when archaeologists were working at several early Neolithic sites in the Lower Yangtze River Valley，they found a lot of small pieces of stone，which had sharp edges that could have been used for harvesting plants．”
“Maybe some of those small stone pieces were rice harvesting tools，which is what our results show．”
In the Lower Yangtze River Valley，the two earliest Neolithic culture groups were the Shangshan and Kuahuqiao．
The researchers examined 52 flaked (成薄片的) stone tools from the Shangshan and Hehuashan sites，the latter of which was occupied by Shangshan and Kuahuqiao cultures．
To determine if the stone flakes were used for harvesting rice，the team conducted use-wear and phytolith residue (植物石残渣) analyses．
For the use-wear analysis，micro-scratches (划痕) on the tools'surfaces were examined under a microscope．The results showed that 30 flakes have use-wear patterns similar to those produced by harvesting siliceous (silica-rich) plants，likely including rice．
Through the phytolith residue analysis，the researchers analyzed the microscopic residue left on the stone flakes known as“phytoliths”(silica skeletons of plants)．They found that 28 of the tools contained rice phytoliths．
“What's interesting about rice phytoliths is that rice husk and leaves produce different kinds of phytolith，which enabled us to determine how the rice was harvested，”says Wang．
The findings from the use-wear and phytolith analyses illustrated that two types of rice harvesting methods were used—“finger-knife”and“sickle”techniques．Both methods are still used in southern China today．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究分析了来自中国南方的石器，提供了最早的水稻收割证据，可以追溯到一万年前。研究人员还确定了两种收获水稻的方法，这有助于开始水稻驯化。
8．What is the long-lasting puzzle about southern China？( )
A．It has a history of 10，000 years．
B．It produces many harvesting tools．
C．Rice could hardly grow in that area．
D．Rice harvesting never occurred there．
D [推理判断题。根据第二段中“one of the puzzles has been that harvesting tools have not been found in southern China from the early Neolithic period or New Stone Age (10，000-7，000 Before Present)—the time period when we know rice began to be domesticated”可推知，关于中国南方的长期谜题是那里从未收割过水稻。故选D。]
9．In what tone do the researchers talk about their findings？( )
A．Certain． B．Cautious．
C．Critical． D．Correct．
B [推理判断题。根据第四段“Maybe some of those small stone pieces were rice harvesting tools，which is what our results show．”可推知，研究人员用谨慎的语气谈论他们的发现。故选B。]
10．On what basis is the use-wear analysis carried out？( )
A．How the stones were used．
B．What was left on the stones．
C．When the stones were used．
D．Whether the tools were used．
A [细节理解题。根据第七段“To determine if the stone flakes were used for harvesting rice，the team conducted use-wear and phytolith residue analyses．”可知，是在石头如何使用的基础上进行磨损分析的。故选A。]
11．What can we infer from the last paragraph？( )
A．Asian countries are promoting harvesting methods．
B．Only two harvesting methods are still used in China．
C．Rice domestication existed in southern China long ago．
D．“Finger-knife”and“sickle”are very advanced techniques．
C [推理判断题。根据最后一段“Both methods are still used in southern China today．”可知，从最后一段我们能推断出水稻驯化在中国南方早已存在。故选C。]
Ⅱ．完形填空(限时12分钟)
(2025·湖南郴州模拟)
On a summer evening in 2014，my wife and I encountered a sad scene during our trip to the grocery store．A man，who was incapable of 1 mental function，wrapped himself with an old advertisement banner (横幅) as 2 in the bad weather．Although he seemed unresponsive to our inquiries，his circumstance 3 us deeply，inspiring my wife's suggestion to buy him 4 ．
We bought some bread and returned，but he wasn't there．We felt disappointed．Soon we found that he had 5 a family of migrant laborers who were camping nearby．To our surprise，the family did not 6 his presence but warmly treated him like one of their own．They 7 their humble meal around an open fire，ensuring that the man's plate remained 8 ．Observing this act of genuine 9 and compassion，we felt 10 for having missed the chance to directly 11 the man ourselves，but 12 the selfless nature of the migrant family．Poor as they were，they demonstrated 13 by sharing everything they had with someone in need．
Moved by their actions，we 14 the loaf of bread near the man and departed，realizing that true giving is about more than 15 needs；it's about extending empathy and solidarity to others，regardless of personal wealth or status．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过一家不富有的人帮助一个流浪汉的亲身经历，意识到真正的给予不仅仅是物质上的需要，还是对他人的同情和支持，无论个人财富或地位如何。
( )1．A．normal B．actual
C．foolish D．deep
A [根据下文“wrapped himself with an old advertisement banner”可知，这个人的思维是“不正常的”。故选A。]
( )2．A．amusement B．protection
C．medicine D．treatment
B [根据下文“in the bad weather”可知，这个人身裹条幅是为了在恶劣天气中得到“保护”。故选B。]
( )3．A．encouraged B．defeated
C．touched D．angered
C [根据下文“inspiring my wife's suggestion to buy him”可知，此处是指他的情况“打动”了我们。故选C。]
( )4．A．food B．clothes
C．water D．toys
A [根据下文“We bought some bread and returned，but he wasn't there．”可知，此处是指为他买“食物”。故选A。]
( )5．A．left B．joined
C．supported D．discovered
B [根据下文“warmly treated him like one of their own”可知，此处是指他“加入”了一个流动劳工家庭。故选B。]
( )6．A．appreciate B．mind
C．evaluate D．observe
B [根据下文“but warmly treated him like one of their own”可知，这家人热情款待他，说明“不介意”他的出现。故选B。]
( )7．A．cooked B．ordered
C．watched D．shared
D [根据下文“their humble meal around an open fire”可知，此处是指围着篝火“分享”简陋的饭。故选D。]
( )8．A．full B．healthful
C．available D．reachable
A [根据上文分析可知，这家人非常热情地款待了他，所以此处是指确保盘子是“满的”。故选A。]
( )9．A．cruelty B．distance
C．kindness D．patience
C [根据上文分析可知，这家人是很善良的，所以此处是指看到这家人的“善良”。故选C。]
( )10．A．satisfied B．annoyed
C．relieved D．disappointed
D [根据下文的“missed the chance”可知，此处是指因为错过帮助机会而感到“失望”。故选D。]
( )11．A．help B．protect
C．inform D．comfort
A [根据上文分析可知，这家人热情地帮助了流浪汉，所以此处是指我们错过了“帮助”的机会。故选A。]
( )12．A．protested B．admired
C．reflected D．recommended
B [根据下文“the selfless nature of the migrant family”可知，此处是指“钦佩”这个家庭的无私。故选B。]
( )13．A．diligence B．patience
C．responsibility D．generosity
D [根据下文“by sharing everything they had with someone in need”可知，此处是指证明了他们的“慷慨大方”。故选D。]
( )14．A．picked up B．checked out
C．put down D．showed off
C [根据上文“Moved by their actions”可知，被感动后应该是把面包“放在”那个人身边。故选C。]
( )15．A．political B．mental
C．material D．financial
C [根据下文“it's about extending empathy and solidarity to others，regardless of personal wealth or status”可知，提到了精神的需要，所以此处是指不仅仅是“物质上”的需要。故选C。]
Ⅲ．应用文写作(限时13分钟)
假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Chris在来信中提到对中国古代名人感兴趣，请以一位中国历史人物为主题写一篇短文回复她，内容包括：
1．人物事迹；
2．意义；
3．启示。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【参考范文】
Dear Chris，
I feel more than delighted to know you are interested in the famous historical figures in ancient China．I'd like to share my favourite poet named Du Fu with you．
Du Fu，a famous poet of the Tang Dynasty，is crowned as“Poet-Sage”by later generations．Many of his poems have remained today，having a great impact on our Chinese culture and society．What I appreciate most are his landscape poems，which are clear and natural in words with profound messages．They convey his strong love for nature，friends and the people．As is known to all，Du Fu is regarded as one of the greatest romantic poets of the Tang Dynasty．
Sincerely，I hope my brief introduction can be of help to you and provide some insight into this important historical figure．
Yours，
Li Hua
课时数智作业
(教师备选)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟)
(2024·安徽合肥二模)
Archaeologists said on Wednesday they have unearthed the oldest wooden structure ever discovered，dating from nearly half a million years ago，which suggests that our ancestors may have been more advanced than previously thought．
The exceptionally well-preserved wooden structure was found at Kalambo Falls in the north of Zambia near the border with Tanzania．It dates back at least 476，000 years，well before the evolution of Homo sapiens (智人)，according to a study describing the find in the journal Nature．
The wood bears cut marks showing that stone tools were used to join two large logs to make the structure，which is believed to be a walkway or platform raised above the seasonally wet surroundings．A collection of wooden tools，including a wedge (楔子) and a digging stick，were also discovered at the site．
The ancestors of humans were already known to use wood at this time，but for limited purposes such as starting a fire or hunting．
“The structure involves the intentional shaping of two trees to create a framework of two interlocking supports，”Larry Barham，an archaeologist at the University of Liverpool in England and the study's lead author，said．“A notch (槽口) was cut into the overlying log and the underlying tree was shaped to fit through the notch．This arrangement prevents the overlying log from moving side to side，giving stability to the structure．”
Discoveries involving such ancient wood are rare because it tends to rot，leaving behind little trace for historical record．But the high level of water at Kalambo Falls is believed to have preserved the structure over the centuries．
“The finds from Kalambo Falls indicate that these earlier humans，like Homo sapiens，had the capacity to alter their surroundings，creating a built environment，”Barham said．“Use of wood in this way suggests the cognitive ability to these early humans was greater than we have believed based on stone tools alone．”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了考古学家在赞比亚发现的世界上最古老的木结构，其历史可追溯至近50万年前，这一发现表明我们的祖先可能比之前认为的更先进。该木结构展示了古代人类使用工具和技术改变环境的能力，对于理解人类认知发展具有重要意义。
1．What does the discovery imply？( )
A．Our ancestors had advanced science technology．
B．Our ancestors were more advanced than thought before．
C．Our ancestors could make advanced wooden houses then．
D．Our ancestors could use wood to make a fire or hunt．
B [细节理解题。根据第一段的“which suggests that our ancestors may have been more advanced than previously thought”可知，这一发现暗示了我们的祖先可能比之前认为的更加先进。故选B。]
2．What did Larry Barham try to convey
A．The wood structure was quite common in ancient times．
B．The wood arrangement still lack stability to the structure．
C．The wood structure displays our ancestors'wisdom．
D．The wood structure was used to build a stable house．
C [推理判断题。根据最后一段的“‘The finds from Kalambo Falls indicate that these earlier humans，like Homo sapiens，had the capacity to alter their surroundings，creating a built environment，'Barham said．”可推知，巴勒姆想传达的是木结构体现了祖先的智慧。故选C。]
3．Why is the wood structure preserved so well over centuries
A．Because it was made of good wood near Kalambo Falls．
B．Because it was preserved well by local people near Kalambo Falls．
C．Because the local people used some special techniques to preserve it．
D．Because the wood structure dipped in deep water can be preserved well．
D [细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，涉及这种古老木材的发现是罕见的，因为它容易腐烂，几乎没有留下历史记录的痕迹。但卡兰博瀑布的高水位被认为是几个世纪以来保护了这座建筑的原因。故选D。]
4．What might be the best title for this article
A．Wood Structure Found Displays Modern Technology
B．World's Oldest Wooden Structure Discovered in Zambia
C．Wood Structure Found Proves Scientists'Theory
D．Our Ancestors Contribute a Lot to Our Science Advancement
B [标题归纳题。文章主要报道了在赞比亚发现的最古老的木质结构，这一发现对理解人类历史和技术进步有重要影响。所以“在赞比亚发现世界上最古老的木结构”适合做本文的标题。故选B。]
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟)
(2024·重庆模拟)
Unexpected Things About Archaeology (考古学)
Archaeology is an amazing career．We get to explore and debate how life has been and can be lived，and we get to share this knowledge with people in a way which benefits society．If you don't know an archaeologist or haven't worked with one before，you might not know what they actually do or you might think we do things that we don't． 1
Not all archaeology is underground．
A lot of people think of archaeology as being buried in the ground，but any physical material can tell us about the past． 2 In fact，there's a whole specialism of archaeology that involves recording historic buildings and creating drawings and reports about them．
3
You might think archaeologists are only interested in the most precious items，like coins，valuable jewellery or well-preserved objects．But often the most common items，like pottery，clay tobacco pipes，glass bottles or bricks，can tell them the most information．They help build a picture of people's lives．Sometimes，not finding an object we thought would be there tells us something about the people．
Archaeologists don't use brushes very often．
Many people think archaeologists spend all day brushing dirt off the items they find．They do sometimes use brushes to clean surfaces for clear photographs．But they mainly use tools like trowels，shovels or mattocks．A normal day involves a lot of heavy digging． 4 But sometimes archaeologists work with very fragile items．For this they would normally use tools like a thin“leave”trowel，but usually a brush．
Archaeologists can use technology to learn what is underground instead of digging．
5 Geophysical Survey uses electric and magnets to find tiny differences in the earth and creates a map of potential archaeology under the earth．Drones can also be used to take aerial photographs，where things like crop-marks can be clues to past human activity．
Archaeology is a science，an art and a form of physical work．It's varied and can appeal to people with different interests and skills．It may take you on a journey you don't expect!
A．Archaeology is for everybody．
B．Archaeologists aren't only interested in gold．
C．Archaeologists don't have to dig to learn about what is underground．
D．So we pulled together a list of things you might not know about archaeology．
E．This means above-ground remains，like buildings，are important forms of evidence．
F．They also must work quickly as they're usually part of a wider construction project．
G．Archaeologists get more information about the history of an area with every site they dig．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了考古学的几个让人意外的事情。
1．D [根据上一句提到的人们对考古学和考古学家具体工作的不了解，选项D“所以我们整理了一份关于考古学你可能不知道的事情清单。”提出了具体的解决办法，整理了一份清单供人们了解，承接上文，两句因果关系成立。故选D。]
2．E [选项E“这意味着地上的遗迹，像建筑物一样，是重要的证据形式。”进一步解释了任何实物材料都可以让我们了解历史，不只是埋在地下的东西，地上的遗迹也是考古的范围，与本段段落主题相呼应。故选E。]
3．B [第三段主要表达了考古学家不只对贵重物品感兴趣，对其他常见物品也很重视，选项B“考古学家不仅仅对黄金感兴趣。”与段落主题意思相符，是对该段的概括总结。故选B。]
4．F [选项F“他们还必须快速工作，因为他们的工作通常涉及范围更广的建筑项目。”补充说明了考古学家每天不仅需要大量繁重的挖掘工作，还需要快速完成这些工作，并指出了原因，符合语境。故选F。]
5．C [选项C“考古学家不必通过挖掘来了解地下有什么。”与主题意思相符，结合下一句“Geophysical Survey uses electric and magnets to find tiny differences in the earth and creates a map of potential archaeology under the earth．(地球物理调查利用电和磁铁来发现地球上的微小差异，并绘制出一幅潜在的地下考古地图。)”具体说明了可以用技术来了解地下的情况，与选项C相连，呼应段落主题。故选C。]
Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟)
(2024·安徽池州二模)
The saying“All roads lead to Xianyang”may not be widely known，but it is the 1． (true) in history．After Qin Shi Huang，the first emperor of China，unified the country in 221 BCE，he began building state-level roads，Xianyang 2． the center．Several long roads were therefore completed，3． (cover) a distance of about 750 kilometers，running through plains，mountains，grasslands，deserts，and finally leading to Xianyang，the capital city．
Like the Great Wall，these roads，4． (call) Qin Zhidao，literally the Qin Direct Paths or Qin Highways，are considered another miracle in the Qin Dynasty．Generally，the roads were 20 to 60 meters wide and 50 cars could run side by side at the same time on their 5． (wide) sections．The firmly made surface 6． (shape) like a turtle back above the ground to avoid standing water at that time．Another amazing fact is that grass 7． (rare) grow on the road and many parts are still in good condition even today．
The mysterious ancient roads，8． date back over 2，200 years and predate the Roman Roads by over 200 years，are known to be 9． natural museum in the history of road construction．Historians evaluate it this way：if the Great Wall is compared to a defensive shield (盾牌)，then Qin Zhidao is the weapon 10． (guard) the stability and prosperity (繁荣) of the Qin Empire．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了秦朝的另一个奇迹：秦直道。
1．truth [考查词性转换。前面有定冠词the，所以用名词truth作表语，为不可数名词，故填truth。]
2．as [考查介词。根据句意可知，此处表示“作为”，后跟名词，所以用介词as，故填as。]
3．covering [考查非谓语动词。cover和它所修饰的词Several long roads之间是主动关系，所以用动词-ing形式作后置定语，故填covering。]
4．called [考查非谓语动词。call和它所修饰的词these roads之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，故填called。]
5．widest [考查形容词最高级。根据句意可知，此处表示“最宽的”，所以用形容词最高级作定语，故填widest。]
6．was shaped [考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语at that time可知，描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，shape和主语之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语为不可数名词surface，所以be动词为was，故填was shaped。]
7．rarely [考查词性转换。修饰动词，所以用副词，故填rarely。]
8．which [考查非限制性定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词为The mysterious ancient roads，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用which引导，故填which。]
9．a [考查冠词。此处泛指一个，所以用不定冠词，natural是以辅音音素开头的，故填a。]
10．guarding/to guard [考查非谓语动词。guard和它所修饰的词之间是主动关系，所以用动词-ing形式作后置定语，也可以看作是weapon后跟动词不定式作后置定语，故填guarding/to guard。]
Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·江苏南通二模)
Alvin Bamburg，66，was deep in the woods in Grand Cane，Louisiana，last December when something caught his eye．Among the fallen branches and leaves，it looked like litter．But Bamburg was attracted and picked it up．
“God just told me，”he later recounted．
As he drew closer，he saw that it was a broken balloon．Attached was a piece of paper decorated with sparkly star stickers．It was a child's Christmas wish list．
“Dear Santa，”the handwritten note read．“My name is Luna．I am four years old．I live in Liberal，Kansas．This year I have been nice．I would like candy，Spider-Man ball，Frozen doll．With love，Luna．”
Bamburg's heart hammered in his chest．Ever since he was a child，he had dreamed of this very scenario．“Years ago，”he says，“classes at school released balloons with notes．I've always wanted to find one．”
He believed this was his childhood wish coming true．And he knew he was going to make Luna's wish come true too．
However，the task seemed impossible，as Liberal，Kansas，is more than 650 miles from Grand Cane，Louisiana．But Bamburg's wife，Lee Ann Bamburg，didn't mind the distance．As an enthusiastic Facebook user，she had seen other people find all sorts of connections through the site and thought it might help her husband find Luna．
The next day Alvin posted a photo of the balloon and the Christmas list on his Facebook page，asking for help locating the sender．
At first，he wasn't confident the strategy would work．But as he saw the number of shares and comments on his post climbed into the hundreds，his hope grew into expectation．“I knew we were going to find Luna，”Alvin said．
And indeed，they did．
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
One day Luna's mother came across the post．
When they arrived at Luna's home，the entire family was surprised．
【参考范文】
One day Luna's mother came across the post． Her heart skipped a beat as she recognized her daughter's handwriting．It was indeed Luna's wish list that had somehow travelled all those miles，across states and through the woods，to find its way into Alvin's hands．Excitedly，she contacted Alvin，confirming that the list belonged to her daughter，Luna．Overjoyed，Alvin and Lee Ann immediately set out to fulfill Luna's wishes．With all the gifts ready，Alvin and Lee Ann decided to deliver them to Luna personally．They drove the long distance from Louisiana to Kansas，eager to surprise Luna．
When they arrived at Luna's home，the entire family was surprised． Seeing this stranger holding the gifts filled Luna with delight．She eagerly received each gift，her eyes sparkling with joy．Alvin watched Luna's delighted face with a heart full of contentment．It was as if he had fulfilled a childhood dream of his own．They spent a wonderful day together．Since then，every Christmas，Alvin receives heartfelt thank-you letters and handmade cards from Luna．Their friendship，despite the distance，has become a lasting legend．And that forgotten balloon in the woods remains a cherished memory between them．
21 / 33核心词汇 1．____________ vt．& vi．装上，装入 n．负载；承载量；大量 2．____________ n．航海日志，正式记录；原木 vi．& vt．伐木 3．____________ vt．不予考虑，对……不屑一提；去除，摒除；解雇；解散 4．____________ vi．& vt．坚决要求，坚持；坚持说 5．____________ n．路线，路途；途径，渠道 6．____________ vi．漏，渗漏；渗入vt．漏，渗漏；泄露 n．漏洞 7．____________ n．惊恐，恐慌vi．& vt．(____________，____________)(使)惊慌，(使)惊慌失措 8．____________ adv．不顾，不加理会 9．____________ vt．使便利，促进 10．____________ adj．可获得的，可找到的；有空的 11．____________ vt．& vi．塞进，挤进；装(箱)，收拾；打包；包装 n．包，包裹；小盒，小包 12．____________ adj．相反的，相对立的；截然不同的 13．____________ prep．&adv．在(车、船、飞机等)上，上(车、船、飞机等) 14．____________ vt．& vi．擦，磨，搓；(使)相互摩擦 15．____________ n．制服；队服adj．一致的，统一的 16．____________ adv．同时；其间；对比之下 17．____________ n．混乱，杂乱 18．____________ vt．密谋，策划；使孵出vi．孵化；孵出 19．____________ n．阴谋；故事情节vi．& vt．密谋 20．____________ vt．改进，改良，改革 n．改革，改良 21．____________ n．产量，输出量 22．____________ n．织物，布料 23．____________ n．改变，转移；轮班 vi．& vt．(使)移动，(使)转移；改变 24．____________ n．(pl．____________)(书架等的)架子，搁板 25．____________ adj．随后的，后来的
阅读词汇 1．____________ n．航海，航行，航天 vi．航行，远行 2．____________ vt．航行；导航 vi．导航 3．____________ n．罗盘，指南针；圆规 4．____________ n．大臣，部长 5．____________ n．甲板，舱面 6．____________ n．一段经历，片段；一集 7．____________ n．岸，滨 8．____________ n．王国；管辖范围 9．____________ n．海军，海军部队 10．cottage n．________________ 11．captain n．________________ 12．phrase n．________________
拓展词汇 词汇 1．convince vt．使确信，使相信；说服，劝说→____________ adj．令人信服的；有说服力的→____________ adj．坚信的；确信的 2．strengthen vt．& vi．加强，增强→____________ adj．强壮的→____________ n．力气；力量；强项 3．harmonious adj．友好和睦的；协调的，和谐的→____________ n．和谐；融洽 4．shortage n．不足，短缺→____________ adj．短的；不足的；矮的，低的→____________ vt．缩短；减少 vi．缩短；变短 5．astonish vt．使十分惊讶，使吃惊→____________ adj．令人惊讶的→____________ adj．感到惊讶的→____________ n．惊讶；震惊 6．adopt vt．采用，采取；表决采纳；领养，收养 vi．领养，收养→____________ adj．被收养的；被采用的→____________ n．收养；采用 7．violently adv．猛烈地，厉害地；强烈地，激烈地；凶狠地→____________ adj．暴力的；猛烈的→____________ n．暴力，暴行；狂热，激情 8．freeze vi．& vt．(froze，frozen)突然停止，呆住；结冰；冻僵→____________ adj．冰点以下的，结冰的；极冷的→____________ adj．呆住的；冻结的；冷冻的；冻僵的 9．bleed vi．(bled，bled)失血，流血→____________ n．血，血液；血统→____________ n．流血；失血 10．memorial n．纪念碑(或像等)；纪念物→____________ vt．记住，背熟；记忆→____________ n．记性，记忆力；内存，存储器；回忆
高频短语 1．________________ 代表(或代替)；为帮助；为了 2．________________ 不管，不顾 3．________________ 使成为可能；考虑到，把……计算在内 4．________________ 理顺，整理；把……安排好 5．contrary to ________________ 6．have an impact on________________ 7．pass on ________________ 8．get in touch with ________________
句型公式 1．Those who make great discoveries must often overcome many challenges along the way—as was the case with the explorer Christopher Columbus．(as引导非限制性定语从句) 那些有伟大发现的人，往往必须克服前进道路上的重重挑战，探险家克里斯托弗·哥伦布亦是如此。 2．Russell was saved from the water，but he was badly burnt，bleeding heavily．(动词-ing形式作伴随状语) 拉塞尔被从水中救了出来，但他严重烧伤，血流不止。
Bill was exceptionally enthusiastic about adventures．At age 21，he joined a marine expedition and was assigned 1．____________ (keep) logs of the voyage．On a freezing cold day，the crew got aboard their ship 2．____________ (load) with packs of daily necessities，departed from the French coast and headed for Africa．Along the way，Bill admired the breathtaking sea views，ranging from the sunrises and sunsets 3．____________ the diving seagulls and the roaring and thundering waves．Meanwhile，these experiences strengthened his understanding of how humans should live in 4．____________ (harmonious) with the oceans．
One day，they were navigating along the scheduled route 5．____________，unfortunately，their ship crashed violently into an iceberg．It started to leak，6．____________ (cause) a total chaos among the crew．However，contrary to the reaction of the panicked crew members，the captain remained calm when the ship was about 7．____________ (sink)．He managed to convince his men not to abandon the hope of survival，promising to take them to safety．8．____________ (subsequent)，all belongings were thrown away except for small boats，food，stoves，blankets and 9．____________ (compass)．After three days at sea，they landed on a desert island，where they lived miserably 10．____________ they were rescued by a passing ship．It was really an unforgettable episode in Bill's life．
1．convince vt．使确信，使相信；说服，劝说
①Yuan was ____________ (convince) that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice．
②Two main tasks remained ahead：researching ways to clean up the park and preparing a ____________ (convince) presentation．
③Convinced ____________ the accuracy of the data collected，the researchers stuck to their opinion．
词汇升级
(普通表达)I firmly believe that what you'd like to share at the chat show will be of great benefit to us．
(高级表达)I ________________________________________________ that what you'd like to share at the chat show will be of great benefit to us．
◎convince sb．of sth．使某人信服某事
◎convince sb．to do sth．说服某人做某事
◎convince sb．(that)...使某人确信……
◎be convinced of/that...确信……
◎I felt some kind of relief and convinced him of his capability to fulfill this ambition．
我感到多少松了一口气，并让他相信他有能力实现这个雄心壮志。
2．acknowledge vt．承认(权威、地位)；承认(属实)；(公开)感谢
①(外研版选择性必修第三册Unit 1)What I really admire is the way she has____________ (acknowledge) that good health not only makes us more beautiful，but happier，too!
②Yuan Longping is acknowledged____________ the “father of hybrid rice”．
一句多译
众所周知，面部识别使我们更容易进入车站和其他地方。
①____________________________________ facial recognition makes it easy for us to get into stations and other places．
②Facial recognition _________________________________________________
____________________________________make it easy for us to get into stations and other places．
◎acknowledge...to be/as...认为……是……；承认……是……
◎acknowledge doing/having done sth．承认做了某事
◎acknowledge that...承认……
◎It is universally/widely acknowledged that...大家公认……
◎(2024·浙江1月卷)Her efforts were acknowledged by the teacher，who praised her innovative thinking．
她的努力得到了老师的认可，并表扬了她的创新思维。
3．insist vi．& vt．坚决要求，坚持；坚持说
①(人教版选择性必修第一册Unit 1)Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted____________________ testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe．
②Some students who are against it insist that the patients ________________________ (inform) of the truth of their illness．
句式升级
(普通表达)I insisted that he take the money but he stood up and said，“No，thank you very much，but I can't accept it．I want to work to get money．”
(高级表达)I __________________________________________________________
but he stood up and said，“No，thank you very much，but I can't accept it．I want to work to get money．”(insist on)
◎insist on sth．坚决要求……；坚持……
◎insist on (sb．/one's) doing sth．坚决要求(某人)做某事；执意让(某人)做某事
◎insist (that)...(从句用陈述语气)坚持说……；坚决认为……
◎insist that sb．(should) do...坚决要求/主张/坚持某人(应该)做……
◎David insisted on running as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses．
大卫坚持跑步，好像忘记了他所有的弱点。
4．panic n．惊恐，恐慌 vi．& vt．(使)惊慌，(使)惊慌失措
①(外研版必修第一册Unit 1)Everyone started laughing．I looked at them ____________ panic．
②Hearing the gun，the rabbit ________________ (panic) into running straight for the headlights．
应用文写作之建议信
当你在演讲的时候，记得保持微笑，即使你忘记了你要说的话，也不要惊慌，继续你的演讲。
When you are giving the speech，remember to keep smiling and even if you forget your words，____________________________and just continue your speech．
◎panic sb．into doing sth．使某人因惊慌而做某事
◎in panic 惊慌失措地
◎get into a panic 陷入恐慌
◎(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)The next minute，the porridge boiled over and put out the fire．Jenna panicked．
下一分钟，粥沸腾了，把炉火浇灭了。詹娜惊慌失措。
5．contrary adj．相反的，相对立的；截然不同的
①(北师大版选择性必修第二册Unit 4)____________ the contrary，he is nothing like Mr Bean．
② I was requested to carry on with my work unless ordered ____________ the contrary．
读后续写之人物描写
这个人给人的印象是过于谨慎，但实际正相反，他喜欢冒险。
The man gives the impression that he's overcautious，but _____________________
_______________________________________．
◎(be) contrary to...与……相反；与……相对立
◎on the contrary 恰恰相反；正相反
◎to the contrary 相反的；相反地
◎On the contrary，50% of the students choose to watch English movies as a way of learning．
恰恰相反，50%的学生选择看英语电影作为一种学习方式。
6．regardless of 不管，不顾
①(外研版选择性必修第三册Unit 2)Cunningham would go out onto the streets of New York each and every day，regardless____________the weather．
②Regardless of ____________ was previously agreed to，we now refuse to sign the contract．
读后续写之感悟升华
我的家人会做正确的事情，帮助别人，不管结果如何，在未来的生活中做额外的善事。
My family will do the right things，helping people ____________________________
________ and doing extra kindness in the future life．
◎regardless of the fact that...不顾……的事实
◎with regard to 关于；至于
◎despite/in spite of 尽管
◎(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)When the running began，he ran with all his strength，regardless of his abnormal steps．
当跑步开始时，他不顾自己不正常的步伐，用尽全身的力气跑起来。
7．[教材原句]Those who make great discoveries must often overcome many challenges along the way—as was the case with the explorer Christopher Columbus．那些有伟大发现的人，往往必须克服前进道路上的重重挑战，探险家克里斯托弗· 哥伦布亦是如此。
①(外研版选择性必修第四册Unit 4)____________ is often the case all over the world with new areas of economic activity，the sharing economy is developing faster than existing regulations or ongoing supervision．
② Mr Black is again deeply absorbed in his research work，____________ he often is．
读后续写之人物描写
像往常一样，她的善良使她毫不犹豫地向那些需要帮助的人提供帮助。
________________________________________________，her kindess led her to offer help to those in need without hesitation．
◎as意为“正如；就像”时可引导非限制性定语从句。有些说法已成习惯用语，如：as is/was often the case“通常情况下”，as is my usual practice“这是我的习惯”，as is/was typical“一如往常；一贯如此”。
◎(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) As we all know，you are not only an outstanding English teacher in our school，but also a fantastic educator．
我们都知道，您不仅是我们学校一位杰出的英语老师，也是一位出色的教育家。
8．[教材原句]Russell was saved from the water，but he was badly burnt，bleeding heavily．拉塞尔被从水中救了出来，但他严重烧伤，血流不止。
①(外研版必修第三册Unit 4)Those who saw Han Gan's horse paintings all sang high praises for his unique skill，____________ (say) that his horses “could gallop off the paper”．
②Tu Youyou won the Nobel Prize，whose inventions and innovations improved human health all over the world，____________ (promote) the understanding of traditional Chinese medicine．
应用文写作之报道
这个活动很有意义，既教会了学生们关心别人，又给了那些贫困的孩子们一个学习的机会。
The activity is very meaningful，both _______________________________________
_____________________________________________．
◎动词-ing形式在句子中充当伴随状语时，分词动作与句子的谓语动词的动作同时或几乎同时发生，且与句子的主语之间是主动关系。动词-ed形式也可作伴随状语，只是与句子的主语之间是被动关系。
◎(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Following an uncomfortable pause，he simply nodded，saying，“I agree to this arrangement and trust you．”
在一阵尴尬的停顿之后，他只是点了点头，说：“我同意这个安排，并且相信你。”
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．He has ____________ himself capable of handling complex situations，and these results are a further ____________ of his outstanding ability．(prove)
2．Children are often exposed to many ________，and the highly ____________ media play a major role in ____________ their opinions．(influence)
3．A country's ____________ comes from taxpayers．To be ____________ independent，a country must shake off the control of foreign capital．Moreover，____________ security should be high on the government's list of priorities．(finance)
4．Experts are ____________ to find that China is facing an ____________ rise in the number of old people．Many ordinary people may also gasp in ____________ at the trend．(astonish)
5．Jack is the ____________ son of Mrs Green，who ____________ him when his parents died 20 years ago．Thanks to her ____________，Jack was able to receive a good education and become an engineer．(adopt)
6．I ____________ the characters of the twins，and my ____________ showed that there was a considerable difference between them．(compare)
7．Teenagers who often watch ____________ movies can become aggressive and even commit ____________．(violent)
8．It is ____________ cold outside，and more snow is falling on the already ____________ streets．(freeze)
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．shift
A．v．转移 B．n．改变 C．n．轮班
(1)(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area，a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect． ________
(2)Instead，she usually shifted the conversation to the performances of other teammates． ________
(3)Like many medical students in training，I was assigned the night shift． ________
2．sink
A．vi．坐下 B．n．洗碗槽
(1)(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread． ________
(2)My mouth felt dry as I followed my mother into the doctor's office and sank into a chair next to hers． ________
3．The little girl who stayed at home alone froze with terror as the door slowly opened． ________
A．v．使冻结 B．v．停住不动，惊呆
C．n．严寒期
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．如图所示，大多数学生，多达70%，致力于学习，而30%去旅游。
________________________________，the majority of students，as many as 70%，devoted themselves to studying while 30% went traveling．
2．父亲不明白儿子的意思，只是站在那里，等着儿子的解释。
Not knowing what his son meant，the father just stood there，________________________________________________．
3．相反，你应该自信和勇敢，只要有机会就试着说中文。
________________，you should be confident and brave，and try to speak Chinese whenever you can．
4．我很高兴，虽然一开始我很惊慌，但我作出了正确的决定。
I was glad that though ________________________________，I made a right decision．
你们学校正举办主题为“用英文讲中国故事”的征文活动。请你以一位中国历史人物为题写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1．人物简介及事迹；2．意义或启示。
写作微练
①对于被广泛认可的历史人物，我不得不提范仲淹。(historical)
________________________________________，I have to mention Fan Zhongyan．
②范仲淹被认为是中国宋代有影响力的作家和政治家。(influential)
________________________________________________________Chinese writer and politician in the Song Dynasty．
③范仲淹因其对社会的巨大贡献而受到高度赞赏。(appreciate)
________________________________for his great contributions to society．
④他坚持不遗余力地进行一系列改革，使他的国家繁荣起来。(insist on)
__________________________________a series of reforms to make his country prosperous．
⑤他采取了一项改革教学方式的政策。(adopt)
_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________ the way of teaching system．
⑥这项政策对中国的教育制度产生了深远的影响。
_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________ the Chinese educational system．
⑦给我印象最深的是他著名的人生哲学，激励我做一个正直的人。
________________________________________________________________，and inspires me to be a man of integrity．
⑧范仲淹是中国优秀的历史人物，完全值得我们钦佩和尊敬。
_____________________________________________________________________
he fully deserves our admiration and respect．
句式升级
⑨用when it comes to，acknowledge，限制性定语从句升级句①
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
⑩用非限制性定语从句合并句②和句③
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
用what引导的主语从句和非限制性定语从句升级句⑦
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
妙笔成篇
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
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语料积累
教材语料 亮词 harmonious；panic；violently；convince；insist；astonish；freeze；bleed
美句 1．The men aboard the warship USS Arizona stretched and rubbed their eyes． 2．The men went to the washroom，dressed in their uniforms and sat down to breakfast． 3．As bombs thundered all around，clouds of black smoke rose into the sky and hung over the sea．Russell felt his blood freeze，but he quickly came to himself and rushed up to the deck．
拓展语料 语块 a river of tears 泪流成河；sobbing uncontrollably 无法控制地抽泣；weeping bitterly 痛哭流涕；heartbroken tears 伤心的泪水；tears of joy 喜悦的泪水；silent tears 无声的泪水；burst into tears 突然大哭起来；wipe tears 擦去泪水；a teary goodbye 挥泪道别；tears welling up 泪水涌上；with tears in one's eyes 眼中含着泪水；shed tears 流泪
句型 1．My heart was pounding and tears were rolling down my face． 我的心在怦怦跳，眼泪顺着脸庞滑下。 2．Sometimes，after the children were asleep and I was alone，tears came． 有时候，孩子们都睡着了，独处时，眼泪就会涌出来。 3．As she lost her chance to be admitted to the team，tears of frustration blurred/misted her eyes/vision． 当她失去被选进球队的机会时，沮丧的泪水模糊了她的双眼/视野。 4．I promised myself when I was getting dressed that I would hold back my tears no matter what． 当我穿衣服的时候，我向自己保证无论发生什么我都会忍住眼泪。
语料运用
①听到这个好消息，威尔喜出望外，幸福的泪水像钻石一样在他的眼睛里闪烁。
Hearing of the good news，Will turned overjoyed，____________________________
____________________________________________________________________．
②他哽咽着拥抱了艾伦，再也抑制不住泪水了。
He hugged Allen with a lump in his throat，and
_____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________．③艾伦拍了拍他的头，感谢这珍贵的善意，感激的泪水模糊了她的眼睛。
Allen patted his head and appreciated the precious kindness，___________________
_____________________________．
④即使为了他母亲的治疗，他们不得不卖掉房子，威尔仍然可以为一个陌生人买食物。
________________________________________________________________，Will could still buy food for a stranger．
⑤艾伦问：“我们应该善待世界，世界也会善待你，不是吗？”
Allen asked，“________________________________________，and the world will be kind to you，isn't it？”
⑥听到这句话，威尔又哭了起来，但这次是温暖而高兴的。
Listening to the words，Will ________________________________________，but this time warm and delighted．
12 / 15课时数智作业(三十九)
选择性必修第三册 UNIT 3 Back to the past
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A 篇(限时6分钟)
(2024·湖南长沙一模)
Every day people joined archaeologists and artists in finding some of the year's most dramatic discoveries．Below are some examples of 2023．
“Naughty pupils”—ancient punishment method resurfaces
Archaeologists discovered 18，000 ink-carved pieces of pottery-known as “ostraca”—at the site of Athribis early this year，and among them were hundreds of fragments(碎片)with a single symbol repeated front and back．
Those scribbles(潦草的文字)are evidence of “naughty pupils” being made to write lines，according to researchers at Germany's University of Tuebingen．The fragments also included receipts，school texts，trade information and lists of names．
Van Gogh peers out in hidden portrait
There is one more known Van Gogh's self-portrait in the world，and it was hidden behind a painting of a peasant woman．People made the discovery when they took an X-ray of one of his portraits from 1885 and discovered the artist's own image behind layers of cardboard and glue．While X-rays often reveal how artists-changed their compositions，the full self-portrait of Van Gogh came as a huge surprise，who was known to reuse canvas (画布) to save money．
Another treasure collection from Sanxingdui
The Sanxingdui archaeological site has produced thousands of relics．The latest discovery，reported by Chinese state media in June includes 3，155 objects，a turtle shell-shaped box and a sacrificial altar among them．A team has been digging six places of the site，turning up more than 13，000 objects so far．Last year，the relics they uncovered included a golden mask，artifacts(手工艺品) and a jade knife．The Sanxingdui culture still remains mysterious，as it left behind no written records or human remains，though many believe it to be part of the ancient kingdom of Shu，which ruled along the upper stream of the Yangtze River until it was conquered in 316 BC．
1．What led to the researchers'conclusion about the fragments？( )
A．The repeated symbol． B．Trade information．
C．Lists of pupils'names． D．The mark of ink．
2．Why did Van Gogh hide his self-portrait in a painting？( )
A．To keep away from X-rays．
B．To save money．
C．To make his works more mysterious．
D．To help people find his composition．
3．Which is the newly-unearthed relic of 2023 in Sanxingdui site？( )
A．A jade knife．
B．A golden mask．
C．A written record．
D．A turtle shell-shaped box．
B 篇(限时7分钟)
(2025·安徽蚌埠模拟)
It is no accident that so many fairy tale characters find themselves having to cross dangerous areas of woodland．In a most practical sense，as the ancients dreamed up those stories and even when the oral traditions were finally written down in the middle ages and later，the lands of northern and western Europe were thick with woodland．The dangers were obvious：from robbers lying in wait for unsuspecting travelers to opportunistic wolves hungry for the kill．
In many cultures，the forest is for god or ancestor worship．In An Illustrated Encyclopaedia Of Traditional Symbols，JC Cooper writes，“Entering the Dark Forest or the Enchanted Forest is a threshold (门槛) symbol：the soul entering the dangers of the unknown；the world of death；the secrets of nature，or the spiritual world which man must go through to find the meaning．”
The forest is a place of magic then，magic that can be dangerous，but also a place of opportunity and transformation．In the tale of Beauty and the Beast，the merchant is directed by invisible forces within the forest to the Beast's castle，only then to be directed by invisible hands to his fate．
As for Little Red Riding Hood，straying from (偏离) the path and into the woods is similarly dangerous and filled with treachery (背叛)．Symbolically，those who lose their way in the uncharted forest are losing their way in life，losing touch with their conscious selves and voyaging into the state of the subconscious．
And yet，in legends such as Robin Hood，or the great Hindu love story of Rama and Sita，the forest becomes a hiding place．The forest provides refuge (庇护) for great heroes who after a period of hard time come back to fight for justice．Their time in the forest could perhaps be interpreted as a period of personal development．
Today，still，woodland remains as a refuge from institutional order，from control and limitation of personal freedom．Forests are places full of mystery，where imagination and the subconscious can run free，where we can return to our original selves．
4．What does the author think of the woodland dangers in fairy tales？( )
A．They are created without reasonable basis．
B．They are a reflection of real-life dangers．
C．They differ greatly from those in real life．
D．They are apparent and can be easily avoided．
5．What does JC Cooper stress with her words in paragraph 2？( )
A．The hidden dangers in the forest．
B．The symbols in different cultures．
C．The symbolic meaning of the forest．
D．The educational functions of the forest．
6．The woodland plays the role of a shelter for the hero in ．( )
A．Rama and Sita
B．Beauty and the Beast
C．Little Red Riding Hood
D．An Illustrated Encyclopaedia Of Traditional Symbols
7．How is the text developed？( )
A．By following time order．
B．By giving examples．
C．By making comparisons．
D．By explaining a principle．
C 篇(限时7分钟)
(2024·江苏南通模拟)
A new study analyzing stone tools from southern China provides the earliest evidence of rice harvesting，dating to as early as 10，000 years ago．The researchers identified two methods of harvesting rice，which helped start rice domestication(家庭种植)．
To harvest rice，some sort of tools would have been needed．“For quite a long time，one of the puzzles has been that harvesting tools have not been found in southern China from the early Neolithic period or New Stone Age (10，000－7，000 Before Present)—the time period when we know rice began to be domesticated，” says lead author Jiajing Wang，an assistant professor of anthropology at Dartmouth．
“However，when archaeologists were working at several early Neolithic sites in the Lower Yangtze River Valley，they found a lot of small pieces of stone，which had sharp edges that could have been used for harvesting plants．”
“Maybe some of those small stone pieces were rice harvesting tools，which is what our results show．”
In the Lower Yangtze River Valley，the two earliest Neolithic culture groups were the Shangshan and Kuahuqiao．
The researchers examined 52 flaked (成薄片的) stone tools from the Shangshan and Hehuashan sites，the latter of which was occupied by Shangshan and Kuahuqiao cultures．
To determine if the stone flakes were used for harvesting rice，the team conducted use-wear and phytolith residue (植物石残渣) analyses．
For the use-wear analysis，micro-scratches (划痕) on the tools'surfaces were examined under a microscope．The results showed that 30 flakes have use-wear patterns similar to those produced by harvesting siliceous (silica-rich) plants，likely including rice．
Through the phytolith residue analysis，the researchers analyzed the microscopic residue left on the stone flakes known as “phytoliths” (silica skeletons of plants)．They found that 28 of the tools contained rice phytoliths．
“What's interesting about rice phytoliths is that rice husk and leaves produce different kinds of phytolith，which enabled us to determine how the rice was harvested，” says Wang．
The findings from the use-wear and phytolith analyses illustrated that two types of rice harvesting methods were used—“finger-knife” and “sickle” techniques．Both methods are still used in southern China today．
8．What is the long-lasting puzzle about southern China？( )
A．It has a history of 10，000 years．
B．It produces many harvesting tools．
C．Rice could hardly grow in that area．
D．Rice harvesting never occurred there．
9．In what tone do the researchers talk about their findings？( )
A．Certain． B．Cautious．
C．Critical． D．Correct．
10．On what basis is the use-wear analysis carried out？( )
A．How the stones were used．
B．What was left on the stones．
C．When the stones were used．
D．Whether the tools were used．
11．What can we infer from the last paragraph？( )
A．Asian countries are promoting harvesting methods．
B．Only two harvesting methods are still used in China．
C．Rice domestication existed in southern China long ago．
D．“Finger-knife” and “sickle” are very advanced techniques．
Ⅱ．完形填空(限时12分钟)
(2025·湖南郴州模拟)
On a summer evening in 2014，my wife and I encountered a sad scene during our trip to the grocery store．A man，who was incapable of 1 mental function，wrapped himself with an old advertisement banner (横幅) as 2 in the bad weather．Although he seemed unresponsive to our inquiries，his circumstance 3 us deeply，inspiring my wife's suggestion to buy him 4 ．
We bought some bread and returned，but he wasn't there．We felt disappointed．Soon we found that he had 5 a family of migrant laborers who were camping nearby．To our surprise，the family did not 6 his presence but warmly treated him like one of their own．They 7 their humble meal around an open fire，ensuring that the man's plate remained 8 ．Observing this act of genuine 9 and compassion，we felt 10 for having missed the chance to directly 11 the man ourselves，but 12 the selfless nature of the migrant family．Poor as they were，they demonstrated 13 by sharing everything they had with someone in need．
Moved by their actions，we 14 the loaf of bread near the man and departed，realizing that true giving is about more than 15 needs；it's about extending empathy and solidarity to others，regardless of personal wealth or status．
( )1．A．normal B．actual
C．foolish D．deep
( )2．A．amusement B．protection
C．medicine D．treatment
( )3．A．encouraged B．defeated
C．touched D．angered
( )4．A．food B．clothes
C．water D．toys
( )5．A．left B．joined
C．supported D．discovered
( )6．A．appreciate B．mind
C．evaluate D．observe
( )7．A．cooked B．ordered
C．watched D．shared
( )8．A．full B．healthful
C．available D．reachable
( )9．A．cruelty B．distance
C．kindness D．patience
( )10．A．satisfied B．annoyed
C．relieved D．disappointed
( )11．A．help B．protect
C．inform D．comfort
( )12．A．protested B．admired
C．reflected D．recommended
( )13．A．diligence B．patience
C．responsibility D．generosity
( )14．A．picked up B．checked out
C．put down D．showed off
( )15．A．political B．mental
C．material D．financial
Ⅲ．应用文写作(限时13分钟)
假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Chris在来信中提到对中国古代名人感兴趣，请以一位中国历史人物为主题写一篇短文回复她，内容包括：
1．人物事迹；
2．意义；
3．启示。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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