核心词汇 1．bound adj．一定会，很可能会；有义务(做某事) 2．refresh vt．使变新；使恢复精力；使想起 3．objective adj．客观的；客观存在的；宾格的n．目标，目的 4．concrete adj．确实的，具体的；有形的，实在的n．混凝土 5．abstract adj．抽象的，纯理论的vt．把……抽象出，提取 6．prospect n．成功的机会，前景；可能性 7．competence n．能力，胜任 8．tight adv．紧紧地，牢固地adj．牢固的；严格的；密集的；亲密的 9．mature adj．明白事理的，成熟的vi．成熟，长成；有判断力 10．polish vt．& vi．修改，润饰；擦光，磨光n．抛光，上光；完美，娴熟，精湛 11．professor n．教授；讲师，教员 12．librarian n．图书管理员，图书馆馆长
阅读词汇 1．blank adj．空白的 n．空白处，空格 2．cease vi．& vt．(使)停止，终止，结束 3．reasoning n．推理，理性的观点，论证 4．domain n．领域，范围；领土；域 5．vocational adj．职业的，业务知识的 6．institution n．机构；风俗习惯，制度 7．random adj．随机的；辨认不出的；不合常理的 8．statistic n．统计数字，统计资料 9．draft n．草稿，草案，草图vt．起草，草拟
拓展词汇 1．compose vt．构图；构成，作曲→composition n．构图；构成，成分；作品；作曲艺术 2．resolve vt．& vi．解决；表决；决心，决定n．决心，坚定的信念→resolution n．决议；决定；决心；坚定；坚决；解决 3．educate vt．教育→educator n．教育家；教育工作者→educated adj．受过教育的；有教养的→education n．教育 4．inquire vi．& vt．询问，打听→inquiry n．调查；询问，打听 5．comprehend vt．理解；领悟；懂→comprehension n．理解力，领悟能力；理解练习 6．criticize vt．& vi．批评，批判，挑剔，指责；评价→criticism n．批判；指责，评论 7．assume vt．假定，假设，认为→assumption n．假定，假设 8．occupy vt．占领；占用(时间、空间等)→occupied adj．使用中；忙于；被占领的→occupation n．工作，职业；消遣；侵占，占领期；使用 9．recreation n．娱乐，消遣→recreational adj．消遣的；娱乐的 10．refer vi．查阅；参考；谈到→reference n．参考；提到；推荐信 vt．查阅，参考 11．present vt．颁发，授予；提出，提交；呈现，展现→presentation n．幻灯片演示；提交，授予；展示会；演出 12．extend vi．扩大，扩展，延伸→extension n．(为非全日制学生开设的)进修部，进修课；扩大，延伸
高频短语 1．keep pace with sb．/sth．与……步调一致，与……并驾齐驱 2．subscribe to 订阅；定期订购(或订阅等)；同意，赞成 3．in a flash 转瞬间，立即 4．compose oneself 使自己镇定下来 5．bounce ideas off sb．向某人试探地透露主意 6．fit in (with)适应 7．dawn on sb．使开始明白，使渐渐领悟，使开始理解
句型公式 1．Little did I know that I was about to experience the best four years of my life．(部分倒装结构) 我几乎没想到我就要经历我一生中最美好的四年时光。 2．He was now retired and spent his days looking after Sophia together with her parents．[spend...(in) doing sth．] 他现在退休了，每天都和索菲亚的父母一起照顾她。 3....the blank spaces between the objects were just as vital to the success of the composition as the actual objects themselves．(as...as...“和……一样……”) ……成功的构图中，物体之间的留白与实际的物体本身一样关键。
You may have had the experience that what you read slipped from your memory in a flash and your mind 1．went (go) blank．Here are helpful tips for those who are 2．resolved (resolve) to remember something after reading．
If what you read is beyond comprehension，you don't have to get angry or criticize yourself for 3．failing/failure (fail) to memorize something．Compose yourself and then seek some reference books to understand the background or 4．simply (simple) visit your professor to inquire about that．
Link what you're reading to things that you already know，5．which allows you to refresh your memory．This conclusion is grounded on the assumption many people subscribe 6．to：you can find parallels between the book and your own life experiences．
Make sure you clearly know your concrete objective of reading (for recreation，for work)，and 7．why you want to remember what you read (to apply it at work，to improve your own writing)，and you'll find that memory comes much 8．easier (easy)!
Admittedly，extensive or random reading is bound 9．to help (help) polish up your reading skills．However，the quality of your reading matters far more 10．than the quantity．The value of reading lies in what you actually get from what you read．
1．bound adj．一定会，很可能会；有义务(做某事)
①(北师大版选择性必修第三册Unit 9)They believe it is boundto lead (lead) to cloning of other species，and they worry about the ethical questions this raises．
②They got aboard flight 17 bound for Caracas，with brief stops in Atlanta and Miami．
读后续写之主旨升华
前景是光明的，但道路必然是曲折的。
While prospects are bright，the roads are bound to have twists and turns．
◎be bound for...前往；去往；驶往
◎be bound to do sth．一定会做某事；必须或有义务做某事
◎Through the activity the foreign students are bound to gain a better understanding of splendid traditional Chinese culture．
通过这次活动，外国学生们一定会更好地了解灿烂的中国传统文化。
2．resolve vt．& vi．解决；表决；决心，决定 n．决心，坚定的信念
①(外研版必修第三册Unit 1)You need to work together，and that means communicating with each other clearly and resolving (resolve) conflicts．
②She made a resolution (resolve) to visit her relatives more often．
读后续写之心理描写
经过长时间的心理挣扎，我决定把项链还回去，而不是留着它。
After struggling for a long time，I resolved to return the necklace instead of keeping it．
◎resolve to do sth．/on doing sth．决定做某事；决心做某事
◎resolve that...决定……；决心……
◎We can resolve this issue into several key points for better understanding．
我们可以把这个问题分解成几个关键点以便更好地理解。
3．refresh vt．使变新；使恢复精力；使想起
①By doing sports during the intervals we can get refreshed (refresh) after concentrating for so long．
②There's nothing more refreshing (refresh) than waking up and taking a hot shower，making your morning way better than what it was before．
读后续写之景物描写
前天晚上下了雨——一场春雨，大地弥漫着野草的味道。晨风吹过我的全身，令我感觉神清气爽。
There had been rain the night before—a spring rain，and the earth smelt of wild grasses．The morning breeze blew all over my body， making me feel refreshed．
◎refresh sb．with sth．用……使某人恢复精神
◎refresh oneself 提神
◎feel/get refreshed 感觉神清气爽；精神焕发
◎(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Creating artwork in the park was a refreshing break from the usual classroom setting．
在公园里创作艺术品是一种与常规课堂环境不同的让人耳目一新的休息方式。
4．assumption n．假定，假设
①(北师大版选择性必修第二册Unit 5)People make the assumption (assume) that if someone important and respected says that something is right，then it must be so．
②It is assumed that global warming and climate change could cause even more disasters in the future．
③We must assume him to be (be) innocent until he is proved guilty．
句式升级
(普通表达)If you are interested in it，please send an email to 123456@sina．com．
(高级表达)Assuming you are interested in it，please send an email to 123456@sina．com．
◎make an assumption 做出假设
◎on the assumption that 假设，假如
◎assume v．假定，假设，认为
◎assume...to be...假定/假设……是……
◎It is assumed that...一般认为……
◎assuming (that)...假设/假定……
◎Assuming that I am lucky enough to be chosen as a volunteer，I can show visitors around the gallery and get them to know more about Chinese painting．
假如我有幸被选为志愿者，我可以带领游客参观画廊，让他们更多地了解国画。
5．[教材原句]Little did I know that I was about to experience the best four years of my life．我几乎没想到我就要经历我一生中最美好的四年时光。
①(外研版选择性必修第三册Unit 1)Never have I viewed my ugliness as at the present moment．
②Little did he realise that we were watching his every move，so he seemed to be going his own way in this business．
③Neither does he work hard，nor is he interested in the subject．
句式升级
(普通表达)They have a good knowledge of English but they know little about German．
(高级表达)They have a good knowledge of English but little do they know about German．(使用倒装句)
◎教材原句中的“Little did I know”是部分倒装结构。little可用作形容词、名词和副词，只有当作表示否定的副词置于句首时，句子才需要用部分倒装语序。另外，下列具有否定意义的副词never、seldom、neither、nor、nowhere、hardly等置于句首时，句子也要用部分倒装语序。
◎(2022·浙江卷)Never will I forget the way they looked at me when they were given food．
我永远不会忘记他们给我食物时看我的样子。
6．[教材原句]He was now retired and spent his days looking after Sophia together with her parents．他现在退休了，每天都和索菲亚的父母一起照顾她。
①(外研版选择性必修第三册Unit 2)Day in，day out，Mr Wang and his students spend their time restoring (restore) clocks dating back hundreds of years．
②Instead of being so negative towards our life，why don't we live happily and spend our time on something constructive
读后续写之心理描写
在好莱坞旅行后，我回到澳大利亚，心情非常沮丧，在卧室里待了几个月，试图重新找回自我。
After a trip to Hollywood，I returned to Australia so depressed and spent months in my bedroom trying to find myself again．
◎spend...(in) doing sth．是固定句式，意为“花(时间、金钱)做某事”。
◎(2023·全国乙卷)I asked my parents to allow me to take up a piano lesson for beginner，and I spent most of my leisure hours practicing piano．
我请求父母允许我上初级钢琴课，我把大部分闲暇时间都用来练习钢琴。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．Reading comprehension mainly tests students'reading ability，such as comprehenditions the main idea，and finding detailed information．(comprehend)
2．He spends most of his time compositions music，and some of his composing have been widely recognized．(compose)
3．He called them several times to inquire about job possibilities，but all of these inquiries were fruitless．(inquire)
4．Many an educator believes that the purpose of education is to help the educated gain full development in their lives．(educate)
5．In art criticism (criticize)，you must assume the artist has a secret message hidden within the work．
6．I assume that his point of view is unrealistic because it is grounded on the assumption (assume)that all men are born equal．
7．As the service industry occupies an increasingly important position in a country's economy，people occupied with jobs like lawyers and teachers are getting more highly paid．(occupy)
8．Apart from the textbooks，I used to refer to dictionaries and many other popular works of reference (refer) to assist me with my studies．
9．The mayor presented Dr Bruce with the 2023 Person of the Year Award at the award presentation ceremony held in Sydney last week．(present)
10．If you are in need of a deadline extension (extend)，simply explain the situation to the professor．
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．occupation
A．职业 B．消遣 C．占领 D．居住
(1)The zones under occupation contained major industrial areas． C
(2)I suppose I was looking for an occupation which was going to be an adventure． A
(3)No evidence of human occupation has ever been found on Meighen Island． D
(4)Bungee is a common occupation，but sometimes is dangerous． B
2．subscribe to
A．同意，赞成 B．订购，订阅 C．捐赠，捐款
(1)No one but mad people would subscribe to the view that such a little child can earn a living． A
(2)This is the school the outstanding and patriotic scientist subscribed to generously in the past． C
(3)(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)If you've ever felt that there's more to life than boring jobs，then why not subscribe to it？The Idler is a cheering read that makes you feel better about life． B
3．(2022·全国甲卷) Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange，but they are important in various countries． A
A．不可思议的，出人意料的
B．随机的
C．辨认不出的
4．I was turning the page to get ready for the next page，but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand． C
A．草案 B．汇票 C．(小股)气流
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．一些学生花太多的时间看电视，整夜在网上玩游戏和聊天。
Some students spend too much time watching TV，playing games and chatting on the Internet all night．
2．心理健康对我们的幸福和身体健康一样重要。
Mental health is essential to our well-being and as important as physical health．
3．任何不能跟上快速扩张的市场步伐的公司注定要输给那些能够跟上市场步伐的公司。
Any company that fails to keep pace with the rapidly expanding market is doomed to lose the race to those who do．
假定你是李华，外教David想了解学生对这学期英语课程中使用的合作学习(cooperative learning)方法的反馈，请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1．合作式学习在你班的开展情况；
2．你的体验和感受。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Dear David，
I hope you're doing well．
Yours，
Li Hua
写作微练
①我写信是为了分享一些关于合作学习方法的反馈。(regarding)
I am writing to share some feedback regarding the cooperative learning approach．
②这学期的英语课我们一直采用合作学习的方法。(cooperative)
We've been using the cooperative learning approach in our English class this semester．
③合作学习已经成为我们学习过程中不可或缺的一部分。(integral)
Cooperative learning has been an integral part of our learning process．
④我们有小组讨论、团队项目和各种合作活动。(collaborative)
We've had group discussions，team projects，and various collaborative activities．
⑤这是对传统教学方法的一种令人耳目一新的改变。(refreshing)
It's been a refreshing change from traditional teaching methods．
⑥从我的角度来看，这段经历是非常积极的。(perspective)
From my perspective，the experience has been quite positive．
⑦我发现小组合作不仅能提高我们对材料的理解，还能提高我们的沟通和团队合作能力。
I find that working in groups not only enhances our understanding of the material，but also improvesour communication and teamwork skills．
⑧合作学习对我们的英语课是一个很有价值的补充。
Cooperative learning has been a valuable addition to our English class．
句式升级
⑨用定语从句合并句①和句②
I am writing to share some feedback regarding the cooperative learning approach that we've been using in our English class this semester．
⑩用倒装句升级句⑦
I find that not only does working in groups enhance our understanding of the material，but also improve our communication and teamwork skills．
妙笔成篇
Dear David，
I hope you're doing well． I am writing to share some feedback regarding the cooperative learning approach that we've been using in our English class this semester．
Cooperative learning has been an integral part of our learning process．We've had group discussions，team projects，and various collaborative activities．It's been a refreshing change from traditional teaching methods．From my perspective，the experience has been quite positive．I find that not only does working in groups enhance our understanding of the material，but also improve our communication and teamwork skills．
Overall，cooperative learning has been a valuable addition to our English class．
Yours，
Li Hua
语料积累
教材语料 亮词 blank；objective；competence；random；in a flash；mature；intimidating；be bound to；resolve；refresh；criticize；compose oneself
美句 1．I had been waiting with my fellow graduating students for the moment when I would walk out onto the stage to receive my degree certificate． 2．I was happy and relieved，yet worried and anxious about the future． 3．My name was called and I moved into the lights．I heard the applause．I knew my parents would be watching and smiling at each other and I tried to relax．I held my certificate against my breast and smiled at the camera．
拓展语料 语块 shake one's head 摇头；nod one's head 点头；drop/lower/bend/bow/hang one's head 低头；his head drooped 他耷拉着脑袋；lift/raise one's head 抬头；turn/twist one's head 转头；bury one's head in one's hands 手捂着脸；stick one's head out 探头；rest one's head on hands 以手托头；throw one's head back 后仰；clutch one's head (痛苦地) 以手抓头
句型 1．“That's incredible！”he said，shaking his head in disbelief． “简直难以置信！”他一边说，一边不相信地摇着头。 2．He scratched his head，not understanding a word． 他挠了挠头，一个字也不懂。 3．His head drooped，and tears fell onto his lap． 他耷拉着脑袋，眼泪滴落在大腿上。 4．He held his head in his hands，greatly annoyed． 他双手抱头，苦恼不已。 5．He could fell his head spinning after only one drink． 才喝一杯，他就感到天旋地转。 6．Clara stuck her head around the door to see who was there． 克拉拉从门后探出头来看看是谁。
语料运用
①Philip低着头，眼里含着泪水，慢慢地走向公共汽车。
Philip walked slowly to the bus，his head down，tears in his eyes．
②他的朋友John点了点头，对他微笑。
His friend John nodded his head and smiled at him．
③虽然他心情不好，但他低下头强作掩饰，勉强挤出一丝微笑。
Though he was in a bad mood，he dropped/hung/ lowered his head to hide it and managed a smile．
④他回到家，把头埋在被子里，假装睡着了。
When he got home，he buried his head under the quilt，pretending to be asleep．
⑤然而，他的母亲停止了她的家务，抬起头，眼里充满了惊讶。
However，his mother stopped her housework，raising her head with surprise in her eyes．
⑥然后Philip站起来，坐在他母亲身边，把头靠在她的肩膀上，再也忍不住哭了起来。
Then Philip rose，sat close to his mother，rested his head on/against her shoulder，and could hardly resist weeping．
课时数智作业(四十四)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟)
(2025·江苏镇江模拟)
Several years ago，the three of us started a book project to explain how learning and memory work．Two of us，Roddy Roediger and Mark McDaniel，are cognitive (认知的) scientists who have dedicated our careers to the study of learning and memory．Peter Brown is a storyteller．We have teamed up to explain how learning and memory work in this book，and we do this by telling stories of people who have found their way to mastery of complex knowledge and skills．Through these examples we illustrate the principles of learning that the research shows are highly effective．
Most books deal with topics serially—they cover one topic，move on to the next，and so on．We follow this strategy in the sense that each chapter addresses new topics，but we also apply two of the primary learning principles in the book：spaced repetition of key ideas，and the interleaving of different but related topics．If learners spread out their study of a topic，returning to it periodically over time，they remember it better．Similarly，if they interleave the study of different topics，they learn each better than if they had studied them one at a time in sequence．Thus we cover key ideas more than once，repeating principles in different contexts across the book．The reader will remember them better and use them more effectively as a result．
This is a book about what people can do for themselves right now in order to learn better and remember longer．The responsibility for learning rests with every individual．Teachers and coaches，too，can be more effective right now by helping students understand these principles and by designing them into the learning experience．
While much remains to be known about learning，a large body of research has generated principles and practical strategies that can be put to work immediately，at no cost，and to great effect．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个书籍项目，书籍讲述了学习记忆的原理及有效学习策略。
1．What is the feature of the book？( )
A．It offers examples and presents arguments．
B．It analyzes cases and questions the authors．
C．It combines stories with research findings．
D．It compares online learning with real-world learning．
C [细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，这本书通过讲述故事的方式，解释学习和记忆的工作原理，通过这些例子来说明研究证明的高效学习原则。因此，这本书的特点是将故事与研究成果相结合。故选C。]
2．What does the underlined word“interleaving”in paragraph 2 mean？( )
A．Making something more noticeable．
B．Putting something between other things．
C．Demonstrating the existence of something．
D．Guessing the intended meaning of something．
B [词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词上文“We follow this strategy in the sense that each chapter addresses new topics，but we also apply two of the primary learning principles in the book：spaced repetition of key ideas”可知，第一个学习原则是：关键思想的间隔重复；根据下文“If learners spread out their study of a topic，returning to it periodically over time，they remember it better．Similarly，if they interleave the study of different topics，they learn each better than if they had studied them one at a time in sequence．”可知，第二个学习原则是将不同的主题学习穿插在一起，由此猜测interleaving为“交错；交替”之意。故选B。]
3．What is the author's attitude towards the existing studies about learning？( )
A．Cautious． B．Approving．
C．Doubtful． D．Uncertain．
B [推理判断题。根据最后一段“While much remains to be known about learning，a large body of research has generated principles and practical strategies that can be put to work immediately，at no cost，and to great effect．”可推断，作者对现有的学习研究持赞同态度。故选B。]
4．What is the book mainly about？( )
A．Effective learning strategies．
B．The three authors．
C．The work of cognitive scientists．
D．The responsibility of learners．
A [主旨大意题。这本书主要讲述的是人们现在可以采取哪些有效的学习策略来学习和记忆，即这本书主要讲述的是有效的学习策略。故选A。]
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟)
(2024·江苏徐州模拟)
Nearly every student gets nervous before a test at some point，especially if the exam is an important one．This is normal．In fact，a mild case of nerves can even be somewhat beneficial：it can keep you focused and energized．For some students，however，test-taking anxiety can be overwhelming． 1 ．Fortunately，there are a few things you can do before and during a test to help cope with more severe stress and anxiety．
Take a Meditation or Sitting Stretch Break
Take a minute or two before or even during a test to focus on your breathing，relax tense muscles，do a quick positive visualization，or stretch your limbs． 2 ．
Replace Negative Thoughts with Positive Ones
Learn to recognize when your brain is caught in a cycle of negative thinking and practice turning negative thoughts into positive ones．For example，you may catch yourself saying“I'm going to fail”． 3 ．With practice，this can be a powerful technique to break the cycle of negative thinking undermining your confidence．
Mistakes Are Learning Opportunities
4 ．Instead，remind yourself that it's OK to make mistakes．A wrong answer on a test is an opportunity to understand where you need to fill in a gap in your knowledge or spend some extra time studying．
5
Test-taking anxiety is very real and should be taken seriously．Your guidance counselor or a therapist may be able to offer long-term strategies for coping with test-taking anxiety．Talk with your parents or guardians about finding someone to help you cope．
A．Seek Professional Help
B．Listen to the Instructions
C．It's easy to get caught up in worrying about a bad grade
D．Then force yourself to say“I'm going to succeed”instead
E．This level of anxiety can be extremely difficult to cope with
F．The calming effect can be beneficial and worth a few minutes of test time
G．And it allows you to get into a positive state of mind before the test starts
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要向我们介绍了几种应对考前焦虑的办法。
1．E [根据上下文可知，考前的焦虑让人难以承受，但是我们可以做一些事情来应对更严重的焦虑。设空处起承上启下的作用，只有E项(这种水平的焦虑让人难以处理)符合题意。故选E。]
2．F [根据上文可知，本段主要是让你在测试时花费一两分钟时间放松，这样做会有镇静效果。F选项符合题意。故选F。]
3．D [根据本段的标题“Replace Negative Thoughts with Positive Ones”和“For example，you may catch yourself saying‘I'm going to fail’．”可知，本段主要是让我们用积极的想法取代消极的，那么当我们想说“自己要失败”时，应该强迫自己说“我要成功”。D项符合题意。故选D。]
4．C [根据下文“Instead，remind yourself that it's OK to make mistakes．”可以判断出前后句是相反的意思，C项符合题意。故选C。]
5．A [根据文章的结构可知，此处应是段落的小标题，根据下文“Test-taking anxiety is very real and should be taken seriously．Your guidance counselor or a therapist may be able to offer long-term strategies for coping with test-taking anxiety．”可知，本段是让我们寻求专业人士的帮助，A项符合题意。故选A。]
Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟)
(2025·深圳中学模拟)
Back then，I was a nervous new father．I felt overwhelmed by parenting books that intended to provide guidance 1． left me confused．I was at a loss about when to feed my son or 2． it was okay to let him sleep as long as he wanted．My friend，May，sensing my anxiety，texted me：“No book can replace your own 3． (observe)．Just listen to your son and he 4． (teach) you how to be a father．”
That 5． (strike) me because I grew up believing children should not be seen or heard．I took 6． for granted that kids were insignificant and that they didn't know anything．This mindset made me overlook the joys and lessons my son offered in the present．For the sake of tomorrow．I failed to respect 7． might amuse，sadden，amaze，anger and interest him today．
Things changed when I got down on my knees to his level and 8． (simple) listened．He shared his treasures —bird feathers，colored stones—and his dreams of traveling to the South Pole with a classmate．
Seven years later，I still appreciate May's 9． (wise)．Listening to my son has freed me from the pressure of parenting books and has deepened our bond，10． (allow) me to respect who he is today and who he can become．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一个父亲，为了孩子的成长，学习了很多东西，买了很多书，但是作者的朋友总是安慰作者说，没有什么书能够替代父母的细心观察和体贴。
1．but [考查连词。结合句意，空前的“books that intended to provide guidance”与空后的“left me confused”为转折关系，所以此处使用表示转折关系的并列连词but。故填but。]
2．whether [考查连词。设空处引导宾语从句作about的宾语，从句中不缺主语和宾语，但句意不完整，结合句意，此处表示“是否”应为whether。故填whether。]
3．observation [考查名词。设空处为名词作宾语，observe的名词形式为observation意为“观察”，表示抽象概念为不可数名词。故填observation。]
4．will teach [考查谓语动词的时态。设空处为句子的谓语，表示将来要发生的事，时态为一般将来时。故填will teach。]
5．struck [考查动词的时态。设空处为句子的谓语，结合状语从句的谓语动词grew 以及句意可知，叙述过去发生的事，时态为一般过去时，设空处为动词的过去式。故填struck。]
6．it [考查代词。此处为“it作形式宾语，宾语从句作真正的宾语”结构，真正的宾语为“that kids were insignificant and that they didn't know anything”。故填it。]
7．what/whatever [考查宾语从句。设空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少指物的主语，可用what，也可表示“任何……的事物”可用whatever。故填what/whatever。]
8．simply [考查副词。设空处为副词的形式修饰动词listened。故填simply。]
9．wisdom [考查名词。设空处为名词作宾语，wise的名词为wisdom，意为“智慧”，表示抽象概念为不可数名词。故填wisdom。]
10．allowing [考查非谓语动词。设空处为非谓语动词作状语，allow与逻辑主语Listening to my son之间为主动关系，所以应用动词-ing形式作结果状语。故填allowing。]
Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2025·福州长乐一中模拟)
With the development of traffic，car accidents happen almost every day．I still remember one thing that happened on the road two years ago．It was a fine day．On my way back home，there were a lot of cars coming and going as usual．Suddenly，I was stopped at a traffic light by some people who asked for help．A woman tried her best to give way to an ambulance (救护车)，but drove her car over the stony obstacles (障碍) that separated the bike line from the street．Unluckily，she had her car trapped as a result．She could not move the car in any direction．She felt really nervous and did not know how to deal with it．
Luckily，many kind people offered to help her．Some people tried to lift the car back and some people tried to move the stony obstacles．Even the teenagers put down their schoolbags and joined them．But the obstacles were too heavy and high．They failed．Seeing that they could not do much about it，they called the emergency phone numbers．And finally they had no choice but to walk away．The woman alone in the car tried to call for service．
While watching the other people leave and finding she needed some service，I realized that the woman would be on her own and felt helpless．She watched her car and the stony obstacles hopelessly．And at that time，I imagined how painful I would be if I were in that situation．So，I asked her what I could do for her．She appreciated my concern．She said staying with her was fine．She made a call and was told that it would take about 45 minutes for someone to arrive．With a sense of sadness，she said，“How will I spend the boring 45 minutes？”I said to her with a smile，“I will stay with you and buy you a cup of tea if you like．”“It is very kind of you to stay with me，”she smiled at last．
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
I tried to comfort the woman who seemed to feel worried about causing trouble for others．
Finally，help came and her car was helped back on the main road．
【解题指导】
1．段落续写：①由第一段句首内容“我试着安慰那个似乎担心给别人添麻烦的女人。”可知，第一段可以描写作者是怎样安慰她的，作者的心理活动以及二人的交流。
②由第二段句首内容“最后，救援来了，她的车被带回了主干道。”可知，第二段可以描写摆脱困境后，二人的语言交流和心理活动。
2．续写线索：留下来安慰——买茶——交谈——救援到达——收到感谢——接受
【参考范文】
I tried to comfort the woman who seemed to feel worried about causing trouble for others． But actually it was not too much trouble since they could still pass．We laughed and I joked that all we really needed was some tea for our chat．She thought it was a good idea．So I gladly ran to the opposite road to buy a cup of green tea．We enjoyed the tea and talked happily．We seemed to be good friends．The passers-by felt a little strange when seeing us communicating beside the road，but they just smiled．
Finally，help came and her car was helped back on the main road． She thanked me for my help．I said I had just spent 45 minutes staying with her．She seemed to feel relaxed when we said our goodbyes．She asked for my phone number so she could return the kindness，but I told her it was OK．When knowing that I must pick up my daughter，she offered to drive to my daughter's school first．I accepted it and thanked her，too．I believed not having to face a difficult situation alone mattered much for her and I hoped people could help each other．
课时数智作业
(教师备选)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A 篇(限时6分钟)
(2024·安徽蚌埠模拟)
If you're interested in pushing yourself academically while experiencing college life，our Summer Programs for Pre-College Students (SPP) can be ideal for you．Our long-running summer term pre-college offerings include a choice of one-，two-，three-，and six-week programs that prepare you for success in college．With five exciting and challenging pre-college summer programs to choose from，you can earn college credit，discover a new subject area，perform cutting-edge research in university labs，or immerse yourself in hands-on learning．
Academic life
SPP invites you to join other highly motivated teens from 87 countries in our summer programs for high school students—and take the leap into college life and academics．You can take college courses alongside undergraduates either on campus or online．And you can also earn up to eight college credits by conducting in-depth STEM research with individual instructors or as part of a group project．Or，you can immerse yourself in a variety of inspiring noncredit seminars (研讨会) that combine lectures with experiential learning，discussions，and projects．
Campus/Residence life
Embracing college life is an exciting experience．Whether you live on campus or commute，you'll get to know the ins and outs of college and city life．If you live on campus，you will stay in the residence hall，sharing a room and participating in dorm activities．There are typically two students per room and safety is our highest priority：residence halls have live-in university staff and 24-hour security．Resident program assistants provide guidance，coordinate and lead social activities，ranging from group activities that include comedy shows to field trips．
Your hard work will be combined with social events and fun activities—and you'll still have time for your own adventures on campus！Email the SPP office at sppoffice@mail．edu．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个大学预科学生暑期课程(SPP)。
1．What does SPP aim to do？( )
A．To help college students to achieve academic success．
B．To provide admission guidelines for pre-college students．
C．To get high school students well-prepared for college life．
D．To encourage students to participate in hands-on learning．
C [细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Our long-running summer term pre-college offerings include a choice of one-，two-，three-，and six-week programs that prepare you for success in college．”可知，SPP的目标是让高中生为大学生活做好充分准备。故选C。]
2．What are students supposed to do to earn the required credits？( )
A．Attend various seminars．
B．Finish the courses online．
C．Carry out STEM research．
D．Join in experiential learning．
C [细节理解题。根据Academic life部分的“And you can also earn up to eight college credits by conducting in-depth STEM research with individual instructors or as part of a group project．”可知，学生应该通过进行STEM研究来获得所需的学分。故选C。]
3．What can we know about students living on campus？( )
A．They can organize social activities．
B．They are provided with good security．
C．They will have access to a single room．
D．They are advised to direct comedy shows．
B [细节理解题。根据Campus/Residence life部分的“There are typically two students per room and safety is our highest priority：residence halls have live-in university staff and 24-hour security．”可知，住在校园里的学生有很好的安全保障。故选B。]
B 篇(限时7分钟)
(2024·江苏南通三模)
In a recent study of healthy volunteers，National Institutes of Health researchers discovered that our brains may replay memories of learning new skills when we rest．
NIH researchers have mapped out the brain activity that flows when we learn a new skill，such as playing a new song on the piano，and found that during short rest the volunteers'brains rapidly and repeatedly replayed faster versions of the activity seen while they practiced typing a code．The more a volunteer replayed the activity，the better they performed during subsequent practice sessions．
The study was conducted at the NIH Clinical Center．The team of Dr Cohen，M．D．，senior investigator at the NIH's National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)，used a highly sensitive scanning technique to record the brain waves of 33 healthy，right-handed volunteers as they learned to type a five-digit test code with their left hands．The subjects sat in a chair and under the scanner's long，cone-shaped cap．An experiment began when a subject was shown the code“41234”on a screen and asked to type it out as many times as possible for 10 seconds and then take a 10 second break．Subjects were asked to repeat this cycle of alternating (交替的) practice and rest sessions a total of 35 times．
During the first few trials，the speed at which subjects correctly typed the code improved dramatically and then leveled off around the 11th cycle．In a previous study，Dr Cohen's team showed that most of these gains happened during short rests，and not when the subjects were typing．Moreover，the gains were greater than those made after a night's sleep and were related with a decrease in the size of brain waves，called beta rhythms．In this new report，the researchers searched for something different in the subjects'brain waves．
“We wanted to explore the mechanisms (机制) behind memory strengthening seen during wakeful rest．Several forms of memory appear to rely on the replaying of neural (神经的) activity，so we decided to test this idea out for procedural skill learning，”said Ethan R．Buch，Ph．D．，a staff scientist on Dr Cohen's team and leader of the study．To do this，Dr Buch developed a computer program which allowed the team to understand the brain wave activity associated with typing each number in the test code．
Interestingly，they found that the more a volunteer replayed，the better their performance was．“We were a bit surprised by these last results．Overall，our results support the idea that the replay activity during waking rest may be a powerful tool that researchers can use to help individuals learn new skills faster and possibly facilitate recovery from stroke，”said Dr Cohen．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究中，研究人员发现当人们休息时，大脑可能会重放学习新技能的记忆。
4．What have NIH researchers recently found？( )
A．The brain activity slowly flows when we learn a new skill．
B．The value of short practice sessions can't be overestimated．
C．Short rest makes no difference to the neural replay of the activity．
D．The frequency of brain replay contributes to practice performances．
D [细节理解题。根据第二段中“...found that during short rest the volunteers'brains rapidly and repeatedly replayed faster versions of the activity seen while they practiced typing a code．The more a volunteer replayed the activity the better they performed during subsequent practice sessions．”可知，美国国立卫生研究院的研究人员最近发现大脑回放的频率有助于练习表现。故选D。]
5．What is mainly talked about in paragraph 3？( )
A．The process of the research．
B．The facilities of the research．
C．The application of the research．
D．The preparations of the research．
A [段落大意题。结合第三段中“The study was conducted at the NIH Clinical Center...，used a highly sensitive scanning technique to record the brain waves of 33...The subjects sat in a chair...”可知，本段在介绍研究的过程。故选A。]
6．Why did Dr Buch develop a computer program？( )
A．To distinguish the first 11 cycles from the later ones．
B．To confirm the role of neural replay in skill learning．
C．To explore the potential effects of procedural learning．
D．To find out the reasons for the changes in brain waves．
B [细节理解题。根据第五段中“We wanted to explore the mechanisms behind memory strengthening seen during wakeful rest．Several forms of memory appear to rely on the replaying of neural activity，so we decided to test this idea out for procedural skill learning”可知，Buch博士要开发一个计算机程序是为了确认神经重放在技能学习中的作用。故选B。]
7．What does Dr Cohen think of the research findings？( )
A．Acceptable． B．Promising．
C．Shallow． D．Dismissive．
A [推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘...Overall，our results support the idea that the replay activity during waking rest may be a powerful tool that researchers can use to help individuals learn new skills faster and possibly facilitate recovery from stroke，'said Dr Cohen．”可推知，Cohen博士对研究结果是认同的。故选A。]
C 篇(限时7分钟)
(2024·湖南怀化三模)
Educational optimists predict that AI will soon provide amazing efficiencies and progress in teaching and learning．But are efficiency and machine logic what our students need most
It's certainly true that AI is a wonderful new tool dramatically transforming human life．AI is improving in speed and scope to recognize patterns in extremely complex data sets of all types，allowing it to make predictions about what might come next，be it a purchase of a customer，a word in a sentence，a sound in spoken language，or countless other processes．AI can answer specific complex questions or perform complex calculations at a rate impossible for the human mind to comprehend，let alone compete with．It can also create images and speeches which not only imitate reality but surpass it to meet programmed standards of excellence．
However，although these may be helpful to adults seeking to improve productivity，it is necessary to follow G．K．Chesterton's advice that children should not be subjected to educational projects and ideas younger than they are．Allowing students to avoid traditional learning methods with AI will have uncertain and potentially harmful results．The same could be true of educators'dependence on AI for student assessment and lesson planning．In education at least，it is quite possible that AI will work against natural human development and provide not a shortcut to human formation but a short circuit．
Despite AI's influence，traditional learning and writing assignments are crucial for promoting learning and cognitive development．Homework，similar to music practice，teaches discipline and skills essential for personal growth and future success．Deceptive (欺诈的) practices harm genuine learning，spoiling students'competitiveness in an AI-dominated job market．Reliance on AI-generated content weakens critical thinking and creativity，damaging students'intellectual growth．Moreover，it devalues the role of teachers in guiding students'development．In contrast，real engagement with homework cultivates invaluable human qualities essential in an AI-driven world，ensuring students'competitive advantage and overall development．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了学生是否需要人工智能来学习这一观点。
8．Which best describes AI according to paragraph 2？( )
A．Unavoidable． B．Dangerous．
C．Time-consuming． D．Life-changing．
D [推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“It's certainly true that AI is a wonderful new tool dramatically transforming human life．”及下文描述AI的作用可知，本段描述了AI可以改变人们的生活。故选D。]
9．What's the author's purpose in writing paragraph 3
A．To argue against the involvement of AI in education．
B．To clarify the role of AI in promoting efficiency．
C．To explore the possibility of applying AI to study．
D．To present educators'reliance on AI in class．
A [推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“In education at least，it is quite possible that AI will work against natural human development and provide not a shortcut to human formation but a short circuit．”可知，作者在第三段反对人工智能参与教育。故选A。]
10．What does the author say about traditional learning methods？( )
A．They are out of date now．
B．They have a fair reason to stay．
C．They make students less competitive．
D．They weaken students'overall development．
B [推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Despite AI's influence，traditional learning and writing assignments are crucial for promoting learning and cognitive development．”及“...ensuring students'competitive advantage and overall development．”可知，作者认为传统的学习方法有着充分被保留下来的理由。故选B。]
11．What would be a suitable title for the text？( )
A．The Rise of AI
B．The Role of Traditional Learning
C．Do Students Really Need AI
D．Does AI Help with Productivity
C [标题归纳题。本文围绕“学生真的需要人工智能吗？”这一论点展开。C项为最佳标题。故选C。]
Ⅱ．完形填空(限时12分钟)
(2024·湖南永州一模)
This fall marks an especially memorable time for one family celebrating four people—three generations walking into Carthage College together．Samantha Malczewski，19，the second-year nursing student recalled，“It was really 1 ．I didn't expect it．”However，Carter，aged 18，said she had a 2 that their mom Amy Malczewski and grandmother Christy Schwan were interested in going back to school．
Calling herself“Carthage's biggest fan”，Amy Malczewski has a deep 3 to Carthage College．“And Carthage has this amazing 4 for the master's degree in business and design，which is really 5 all the things that I love，”said she．
Meanwhile，when Christy heard of her daughter's 6 ，she quickly realized they could 7 on the journey together．The 71-year-old 8 three years ago after working in employee benefits consulting．Amy said，“I think you ought to 9 it too．”“Oh，I think you're right，we should do this 10 ，”Christy recalled．“It's helped fill a(n) 11 space for me．”
As the four settle into classes and busy 12 ，the two sisters said，“We're 13 to accompany them to class，have this little study group，or get dinner together in the cafeteria．”
In a statement，Carthage College 14 the family and their educational goals．“Spanning (跨越) three generations，this family reminds us of the power of 15 learning，”the school said．“Age isn't a factor—we can all continue to learn．”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一家三代人一起上学，说明年龄不是一个因素——我们都可以继续学习。
( )1．A．awkward B．shameful
C．surprising D．comforting
C [根据后文“I didn't expect it．”可知，此处表示没有料到，这是令人惊讶的。故选C。]
( )2．A．lesson B．guess
C．proposal D．promise
B [根据后文“Calling herself‘Carthage's biggest fan’，Amy Malczewski has a deep to Carthage College．”可知，她们的妈妈艾米·马尔切夫斯基是迦太基学院的忠实粉丝，此处表示猜测她们对重返学校很感兴趣。故选B。]
( )3．A．discussion B．invitation
C．innovation D．connection
D [根据前文“Calling herself‘Carthage's biggest fan’”可知，艾米·马尔切夫斯基自称是“迦太基的忠实粉丝”，此处表示与迦太基学院有着深厚的联系。故选D。]
( )4．A．reason B．test
C．program D．routine
C [根据后文“for the master's degree in business and design”可知，此处应是商业和设计硕士课程。故选C。]
( )5．A．in line with B．in need of
C．in return for D．in advance of
A [根据前文“And Carthage has this amazing for the master's degree in business and design”以及后文“all the things that I love”可知，艾米·马尔切夫斯基非常喜欢这个课程，所以是和她喜欢的所有东西都是一致的。故选A。]
( )6．A．role B．plan
C．bet D．power
B [根据前文“that their mom Amy Malczewski and grandmother Christy Schwan were interested in going back to school”可推知，此处表示艾米·马尔切夫斯基有重返学校的计划。故选B。]
( )7．A．take off B．set aside
C．set out D．take away
C [根据前文“their mom Amy Malczewski and grandmother Christy Schwan were interested in going back to school”可知，妈妈艾米·马尔切夫斯基和祖母克里斯蒂·施万都想去迦太基学院，所以此处表示她们可以一起开始(学习)。故选C。]
( )8．A．followed B．complained
C．withdraw D．retired
D [根据后文“three years ago after working in employee benefits consulting”可知，此处表示工作之后退休。故选D。]
( )9．A．delay B．admit
C．consider D．risk
C [根据前文“The 71-year-old three years ago after working in employee benefits consulting．”可知，克里斯蒂三年前退休了，所以艾米认为她应该考虑和她们一起重返学校。故选C。]
( )10．A．willingly B．together
C．apart D．heartily
B [根据前文“she quickly realized they could on the journey together”可知，她们是一起做这件事。故选B。]
( )11．A．empty B．important
C．limited D．narrow
A [根据前文“The 71-year-old three years ago after working in employee benefits consulting．”可知，克里斯蒂退休三年后，重返学校能填补生活的空白。故选A。]
( )12．A．roads B．schedules
C．gathering D．journeys
B [根据前文“As the four settle into classes”可知，她们四人都重返学校，此处表示繁忙的日程。故选B。]
( )13．A．motivating B．pretending
C．learning D．expecting
D [根据后文“to accompany them to class，have this little study group，or get dinner together in the cafeteria”可知，这些是期望去做的事。故选D。]
( )14．A．reflected B．mentioned
C．understood D．applauded
D [根据后文“Spanning three generations，this family reminds us of the power of learning”可知，学校说年龄不是一个因素——我们都可以继续学习，这是在赞扬她们。故选D。]
( )15．A．lifelong B．temporary
C．basic D．tough
A [根据后文“Age isn't a factor—we can all continue to learn．”以及语境可知，年龄不是一个因素——我们都可以继续学习，所以此处表示终身学习的力量。故选A。]
Ⅲ．应用文写作(限时13分钟)
(2025·江苏盐城模拟)
假定你是李华，外教Smith准备让学生每周进行一次写作训练，但不得使用网络，你认为这样的做法存在问题。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1．说明问题；
2．提出建议。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Dear Smith，
I'm Li Hua from Class 1．
Yours，
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Smith，
I'm Li Hua from Class 1． I really appreciate your planning to have us practice writing weekly．However，it's unwise to stop us from turning to the Internet．
My reasons are as follows．The Internet is an inseparable part of our life．Firstly，we can have quick access to abundant information，enriching our relevant knowledge．Secondly，online innovative ways of writing are there for our taking．We shouldn't give up eating for fear of choking．Above all，students can resolve doubts in real time whenever in trouble．
My suggestion is to use it wisely and responsibly．Only in this way can our writing be facilitated．
Yours，
Li Hua
20 / 32核心词汇 1．____________ adj．一定会，很可能会；有义务(做某事) 2．____________ vt．使变新；使恢复精力；使想起 3．____________ adj．客观的；客观存在的；宾格的n．目标，目的 4．____________ adj．确实的，具体的；有形的，实在的n．混凝土 5．____________ adj．抽象的，纯理论的vt．把……抽象出，提取 6．____________ n．成功的机会，前景；可能性 7．____________ n．能力，胜任 8．____________ adv．紧紧地，牢固地adj．牢固的；严格的；密集的；亲密的 9．____________ adj．明白事理的，成熟的vi．成熟，长成；有判断力 10．____________ vt．& vi．修改，润饰；擦光，磨光n．抛光，上光；完美，娴熟，精湛 11．____________ n．教授；讲师，教员 12．____________ n．图书管理员，图书馆馆长
阅读词汇 1．blank adj．______________ n．______________ 2．cease vi．& vt．________________ 3．reasoning n．________________ 4．domain n．________________ 5．____________ adj．职业的，业务知识的 6．____________ n．机构；风俗习惯，制度 7．____________ adj．随机的；辨认不出的；不合常理的 8．____________ n．统计数字，统计资料 9．____________ n．草稿，草案，草图vt．起草，草拟
拓展词汇 1．compose vt．构图；构成，作曲→____________ n．构图；构成，成分；作品；作曲艺术 2．resolve vt．& vi．解决；表决；决心，决定n．决心，坚定的信念→____________ n．决议；决定；决心；坚定；坚决；解决 3．educate vt．教育→____________ n．教育家；教育工作者→____________ adj．受过教育的；有教养的→____________ n．教育 4．inquire vi．& vt．询问，打听→____________ n．调查；询问，打听 5．comprehend vt．理解；领悟；懂→____________ n．理解力，领悟能力；理解练习 6．criticize vt．& vi．批评，批判，挑剔，指责；评价→____________ n．批判；指责，评论 7．assume vt．假定，假设，认为→____________ n．假定，假设 8．occupy vt．占领；占用(时间、空间等)→____________ adj．使用中；忙于；被占领的→__________ n．工作，职业；消遣；侵占，占领期；使用 9．recreation n．娱乐，消遣→____________ adj．消遣的；娱乐的 10．refer vi．查阅；参考；谈到→____________ n．参考；提到；推荐信 vt．查阅，参考 11．present vt．颁发，授予；提出，提交；呈现，展现→____________ n．幻灯片演示；提交，授予；展示会；演出 12．extend vi．扩大，扩展，延伸→____________ n．(为非全日制学生开设的)进修部，进修课；扩大，延伸
高频短语 1．________________ 与……步调一致，与……并驾齐驱 2．________________ 订阅；定期订购(或订阅等)；同意，赞成 3．________________ 转瞬间，立即 4．compose oneself ________________ 5．bounce ideas off sb．________________ 6．fit in (with)________________ 7．dawn on sb．________________
句型公式 1．Little did I know that I was about to experience the best four years of my life．(部分倒装结构) 我几乎没想到我就要经历我一生中最美好的四年时光。 2．He was now retired and spent his days looking after Sophia together with her parents．[spend...(in) doing sth．] 他现在退休了，每天都和索菲亚的父母一起照顾她。 3...．the blank spaces between the objects were just as vital to the success of the composition as the actual objects themselves．(as...as...“和……一样……”) ……成功的构图中，物体之间的留白与实际的物体本身一样关键。
You may have had the experience that what you read slipped from your memory in a flash and your mind 1．____________ (go) blank．Here are helpful tips for those who are 2．____________ (resolve) to remember something after reading．
If what you read is beyond comprehension，you don't have to get angry or criticize yourself for 3．____________ (fail) to memorize something．Compose yourself and then seek some reference books to understand the background or 4．____________ (simple) visit your professor to inquire about that．
Link what you're reading to things that you already know，5．____________ allows you to refresh your memory．This conclusion is grounded on the assumption many people subscribe 6．____________： you can find parallels between the book and your own life experiences．
Make sure you clearly know your concrete objective of reading (for recreation，for work)，and 7．____________ you want to remember what you read (to apply it at work，to improve your own writing)，and you'll find that memory comes much 8．____________ (easy)!
Admittedly，extensive or random reading is bound 9．____________ (help) polish up your reading skills．However，the quality of your reading matters far more 10．____________ the quantity．The value of reading lies in what you actually get from what you read．
1．bound adj．一定会，很可能会；有义务(做某事)
①(北师大版选择性必修第三册Unit 9)They believe it is bound____________ (lead) to cloning of other species，and they worry about the ethical questions this raises．
②They got aboard flight 17 bound ____________ Caracas，with brief stops in Atlanta and Miami．
读后续写之主旨升华
前景是光明的，但道路必然是曲折的。
While prospects are bright，the roads ____________________________________
____________．
◎be bound for...前往；去往；驶往
◎be bound to do sth．一定会做某事；必须或有义务做某事
◎Through the activity the foreign students are bound to gain a better understanding of splendid traditional Chinese culture．
通过这次活动，外国学生们一定会更好地了解灿烂的中国传统文化。
2．resolve vt．& vi．解决；表决；决心，决定 n．决心，坚定的信念
①(外研版必修第三册Unit 1)You need to work together，and that means communicating with each other clearly and ____________ (resolve) conflicts．
②She made a ____________ (resolve) to visit her relatives more often．
读后续写之心理描写
经过长时间的心理挣扎，我决定把项链还回去，而不是留着它。
After struggling for a long time，I____________________________________ instead of keeping it．
◎resolve to do sth．/on doing sth．决定做某事；决心做某事
◎resolve that...决定……；决心……
◎We can resolve this issue into several key points for better understanding．
我们可以把这个问题分解成几个关键点以便更好地理解。
3．refresh vt．使变新；使恢复精力；使想起
①By doing sports during the intervals we can get ____________ (refresh) after concentrating for so long．
②There's nothing more ____________ (refresh) than waking up and taking a hot shower，making your morning way better than what it was before．
读后续写之景物描写
前天晚上下了雨——一场春雨，大地弥漫着野草的味道。晨风吹过我的全身，令我感觉神清气爽。
There had been rain the night before—a spring rain，and the earth smelt of wild grasses．The morning breeze blew all over my body，_________________________
_____________________________________________________________________．
◎refresh sb．with sth．用……使某人恢复精神
◎refresh oneself提神
◎feel/get refreshed感觉神清气爽；精神焕发
◎(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Creating artwork in the park was a refreshing break from the usual classroom setting．
在公园里创作艺术品是一种与常规课堂环境不同的让人耳目一新的休息方式。
4．assumption n．假定，假设
①(北师大版选择性必修第二册Unit 5)People make the ____________ (assume) that if someone important and respected says that something is right，then it must be so．
②It is assumed ________________ global warming and climate change could cause even more disasters in the future．
③We must assume him ____________ (be) innocent until he is proved guilty．
句式升级
(普通表达)If you are interested in it，please send an email to 123456@sina．com．
(高级表达)________________________________________________，please send an email to 123456@sina．com．
◎make an assumption做出假设
◎on the assumption that假设，假如
◎assume v．假定，假设，认为
◎assume...to be...假定/假设……是……
◎It is assumed that...一般认为……
◎assuming (that)...假设/假定……
◎Assuming that I am lucky enough to be chosen as a volunteer，I can show visitors around the gallery and get them to know more about Chinese painting．
假如我有幸被选为志愿者，我可以带领游客参观画廊，让他们更多地了解国画。
5．[教材原句]Little did I know that I was about to experience the best four years of my life．我几乎没想到我就要经历我一生中最美好的四年时光。
①(外研版选择性必修第三册Unit 1)Never ____________ I viewed my ugliness as at the present moment．
②Little ____________ he realise that we were watching his every move，so he seemed to be going his own way in this business．
③Neither ____________he work hard，nor is he interested in the subject．
句式升级
(普通表达)They have a good knowledge of English but they know little about German．
(高级表达)They have a good knowledge of English but ____________________________________ about German．(使用倒装句)
◎教材原句中的“Little did I know”是部分倒装结构。little可用作形容词、名词和副词，只有当作表示否定的副词置于句首时，句子才需要用部分倒装语序。另外，下列具有否定意义的副词never、seldom、neither、nor、nowhere、hardly等置于句首时，句子也要用部分倒装语序。
◎(2022·浙江卷)Never will I forget the way they looked at me when they were given food．
我永远不会忘记他们给我食物时看我的样子。
6．[教材原句]He was now retired and spent his days looking after Sophia together with her parents．
他现在退休了，每天都和索菲亚的父母一起照顾她。
①(外研版选择性必修第三册Unit 2)Day in，day out，Mr Wang and his students spend their time ____________ (restore) clocks dating back hundreds of years．
②Instead of being so negative towards our life，why don't we live happily and spend our time ____________ something constructive？
读后续写之心理描写
在好莱坞旅行后，我回到澳大利亚，心情非常沮丧，在卧室里待了几个月，试图重新找回自我。
After a trip to Hollywood，I returned to Australia so depressed and________________________________________________ to find myself again．
◎spend...(in) doing sth．是固定句式，意为“花(时间、金钱)做某事”。
◎(2023·全国乙卷)I asked my parents to allow me to take up a piano lesson for beginner，and I spent most of my leisure hours practicing piano．
我请求父母允许我上初级钢琴课，我把大部分闲暇时间都用来练习钢琴。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．Reading ____________ mainly tests students' reading ability，such as ____________ the main idea，and finding detailed information．(comprehend)
2．He spends most of his time ____________ music，and some of his ____________ have been widely recognized．(compose)
3．He called them several times __________ about job possibilities，but all of these __________ were fruitless．(inquire)
4．Many an ______________ believes that the purpose of ______________ is to help the ____________ gain full development in their lives．(educate)
5．In art ____________ (criticize)，you must assume the artist has a secret message hidden within the work．
6．I assume that his point of view is unrealistic because it is grounded on the ____________ (assume)that all men are born equal．
7．As the service industry ____________ an increasingly important position in a country's economy，people ____________ with jobs like lawyers and teachers are getting more highly paid．(occupy)
8．Apart from the textbooks，I used to refer to dictionaries and many other popular works of ____________ (refer) to assist me with my studies．
9．The mayor ____________ Dr Bruce with the 2023 Person of the Year Award at the award ____________ ceremony held in Sydney last week．(present)
10．If you are in need of a deadline ____________ (extend)，simply explain the situation to the professor．
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．occupation
A．职业 B．消遣 C．占领 D．居住
(1)The zones under occupation contained major industrial areas． ________
(2)I suppose I was looking for an occupation which was going to be an adventure． ________
(3)No evidence of human occupation has ever been found on Meighen Island． ________
(4)Bungee is a common occupation，but sometimes is dangerous． ________
2．subscribe to
A．同意，赞成 B．订购，订阅 C．捐赠，捐款
(1)No one but mad people would subscribe to the view that such a little child can earn a living． ________
(2)This is the school the outstanding and patriotic scientist subscribed to generously in the past． ________
(3)(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)If you've ever felt that there's more to life than boring jobs，then why not subscribe to it？The Idler is a cheering read that makes you feel better about life． ________
3．(2022·全国甲卷) Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange，but they are important in various countries． ________
A．不可思议的，出人意料的
B．随机的
C．辨认不出的
4．I was turning the page to get ready for the next page，but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand． ________
A．草案 B．汇票 C．(小股)气流
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．一些学生花太多的时间看电视，整夜在网上玩游戏和聊天。
Some students ________________________________________，playing games and chatting on the Internet all night．
2．心理健康对我们的幸福和身体健康一样重要。
Mental health is essential to our well-being and ______________________________．
3．任何不能跟上快速扩张的市场步伐的公司注定要输给那些能够跟上市场步伐的公司。
Any company that fails __________________________________________ the rapidly expanding market is doomed to lose the race to those who do．
假定你是李华，外教David想了解学生对这学期英语课程中使用的合作学习(cooperative learning)方法的反馈，请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1．合作式学习在你班的开展情况；
2．你的体验和感受。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Dear David，
I hope you're doing well．
Yours，
Li Hua
写作微练
①我写信是为了分享一些关于合作学习方法的反馈。(regarding)
I am writing to share some feedback ________________________________________．
②这学期的英语课我们一直采用合作学习的方法。(cooperative)
We've been using ______________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
in our English class this semester．
③合作学习已经成为我们学习过程中不可或缺的一部分。(integral)
Cooperative learning __________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________ our learning process．
④我们有小组讨论、团队项目和各种合作活动。(collaborative)
We've had group discussions，team projects，and ____________________________
_____________________________________________________________________．
⑤这是对传统教学方法的一种令人耳目一新的改变。(refreshing)
________________________________________ from traditional teaching methods．
⑥从我的角度来看，这段经历是非常积极的。(perspective)
_____________________________________________________________________， the experience has been quite positive．
⑦我发现小组合作不仅能提高我们对材料的理解，还能提高我们的沟通和团队合作能力。
I find that working in groups not only _____________________________________
______________________，but also improves our communication and teamwork skills．
⑧合作学习对我们的英语课是一个很有价值的补充。
Cooperative learning has been ____________________________________________．
句式升级
⑨用定语从句合并句①和句②
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
⑩用倒装句升级句⑦
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
妙笔成篇
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
语料积累
教材语料 亮词 blank；objective；competence；random；in a flash；mature；intimidating；be bound to；resolve；refresh；criticize；compose oneself
美句 1．I had been waiting with my fellow graduating students for the moment when I would walk out onto the stage to receive my degree certificate． 2．I was happy and relieved，yet worried and anxious about the future． 3．My name was called and I moved into the lights．I heard the applause．I knew my parents would be watching and smiling at each other and I tried to relax．I held my certificate against my breast and smiled at the camera．
拓展语料 语块 shake one's head摇头；nod one's head点头；drop/lower/bend/bow/hang one's head 低头；his head drooped他耷拉着脑袋；lift/raise one's head抬头；turn/twist one's head转头；bury one's head in one's hands手捂着脸；stick one's head out探头；rest one's head on hands以手托头；throw one's head back后仰；clutch one's head(痛苦地)以手抓头
句型 1．“That's incredible！” he said，shaking his head in disbelief． “简直难以置信！”他一边说，一边不相信地摇着头。 2．He scratched his head，not understanding a word． 他挠了挠头，一个字也不懂。 3．His head drooped，and tears fell onto his lap． 他耷拉着脑袋，眼泪滴落在大腿上。 4．He held his head in his hands，greatly annoyed． 他双手抱头，苦恼不已。 5．He could fell his head spinning after only one drink． 才喝一杯，他就感到天旋地转。 6．Clara stuck her head around the door to see who was there． 克拉拉从门后探出头来看看是谁。
语料运用
①Philip低着头，眼里含着泪水，慢慢地走向公共汽车。
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
②他的朋友John点了点头，对他微笑。
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
③虽然他心情不好，但他低下头强作掩饰，勉强挤出一丝微笑。
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
④他回到家，把头埋在被子里，假装睡着了。
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
⑤然而，他的母亲停止了她的家务，抬起头，眼里充满了惊讶。
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
⑥然后Philip站起来，坐在他母亲身边，把头靠在她的肩膀上，再也忍不住哭了起来。
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
13 / 13课时数智作业(四十四)
选择性必修第四册 UNIT 4 Never too old to learn
Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟)
(2025·江苏镇江模拟)
Several years ago，the three of us started a book project to explain how learning and memory work．Two of us，Roddy Roediger and Mark McDaniel，are cognitive (认知的) scientists who have dedicated our careers to the study of learning and memory．Peter Brown is a storyteller．We have teamed up to explain how learning and memory work in this book，and we do this by telling stories of people who have found their way to mastery of complex knowledge and skills．Through these examples we illustrate the principles of learning that the research shows are highly effective．
Most books deal with topics serially—they cover one topic，move on to the next，and so on．We follow this strategy in the sense that each chapter addresses new topics，but we also apply two of the primary learning principles in the book：spaced repetition of key ideas，and the interleaving of different but related topics．If learners spread out their study of a topic，returning to it periodically over time，they remember it better．Similarly，if they interleave the study of different topics，they learn each better than if they had studied them one at a time in sequence．Thus we cover key ideas more than once，repeating principles in different contexts across the book．The reader will remember them better and use them more effectively as a result．
This is a book about what people can do for themselves right now in order to learn better and remember longer．The responsibility for learning rests with every individual．Teachers and coaches，too，can be more effective right now by helping students understand these principles and by designing them into the learning experience．
While much remains to be known about learning，a large body of research has generated principles and practical strategies that can be put to work immediately，at no cost，and to great effect．
1．What is the feature of the book？( )
A．It offers examples and presents arguments．
B．It analyzes cases and questions the authors．
C．It combines stories with research findings．
D．It compares online learning with real-world learning．
2．What does the underlined word “interleaving” in paragraph 2 mean？( )
A．Making something more noticeable．
B．Putting something between other things．
C．Demonstrating the existence of something．
D．Guessing the intended meaning of something．
3．What is the author's attitude towards the existing studies about learning？( )
A．Cautious． B．Approving．
C．Doubtful． D．Uncertain．
4．What is the book mainly about？( )
A．Effective learning strategies．
B．The three authors．
C．The work of cognitive scientists．
D．The responsibility of learners．
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟)
(2024·江苏徐州模拟)
Nearly every student gets nervous before a test at some point，especially if the exam is an important one．This is normal．In fact，a mild case of nerves can even be somewhat beneficial：it can keep you focused and energized．For some students，however，test-taking anxiety can be overwhelming． 1 ．Fortunately，there are a few things you can do before and during a test to help cope with more severe stress and anxiety．
Take a Meditation or Sitting Stretch Break
Take a minute or two before or even during a test to focus on your breathing，relax tense muscles，do a quick positive visualization，or stretch your limbs． 2 ．
Replace Negative Thoughts with Positive Ones
Learn to recognize when your brain is caught in a cycle of negative thinking and practice turning negative thoughts into positive ones．For example，you may catch yourself saying “I'm going to fail”． 3 ．With practice，this can be a powerful technique to break the cycle of negative thinking undermining your confidence．
Mistakes Are Learning Opportunities
4 ．Instead，remind yourself that it's OK to make mistakes．A wrong answer on a test is an opportunity to understand where you need to fill in a gap in your knowledge or spend some extra time studying．
5
Test-taking anxiety is very real and should be taken seriously．Your guidance counselor or a therapist may be able to offer long-term strategies for coping with test-taking anxiety．Talk with your parents or guardians about finding someone to help you cope．
A．Seek Professional Help
B．Listen to the Instructions
C．It's easy to get caught up in worrying about a bad grade
D．Then force yourself to say “I'm going to succeed” instead
E．This level of anxiety can be extremely difficult to cope with
F．The calming effect can be beneficial and worth a few minutes of test time
G．And it allows you to get into a positive state of mind before the test starts
Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟)
(2025·深圳中学模拟)
Back then，I was a nervous new father．I felt overwhelmed by parenting books that intended to provide guidance 1． left me confused．I was at a loss about when to feed my son or 2． it was okay to let him sleep as long as he wanted．My friend，May，sensing my anxiety，texted me：“No book can replace your own 3． (observe)．Just listen to your son and he 4． (teach) you how to be a father．”
That 5． (strike) me because I grew up believing children should not be seen or heard．I took 6． for granted that kids were insignificant and that they didn't know anything．This mindset made me overlook the joys and lessons my son offered in the present．For the sake of tomorrow．I failed to respect 7． might amuse，sadden，amaze，anger and interest him today．
Things changed when I got down on my knees to his level and 8． (simple) listened．He shared his treasures —bird feathers，colored stones—and his dreams of traveling to the South Pole with a classmate．
Seven years later，I still appreciate May's 9． (wise)．Listening to my son has freed me from the pressure of parenting books and has deepened our bond，10． (allow) me to respect who he is today and who he can become．
Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2025·福州长乐一中模拟)
With the development of traffic，car accidents happen almost every day．I still remember one thing that happened on the road two years ago．It was a fine day．On my way back home，there were a lot of cars coming and going as usual．Suddenly，I was stopped at a traffic light by some people who asked for help．A woman tried her best to give way to an ambulance (救护车)，but drove her car over the stony obstacles (障碍) that separated the bike line from the street．Unluckily，she had her car trapped as a result．She could not move the car in any direction．She felt really nervous and did not know how to deal with it．
Luckily，many kind people offered to help her．Some people tried to lift the car back and some people tried to move the stony obstacles．Even the teenagers put down their schoolbags and joined them．But the obstacles were too heavy and high．They failed．Seeing that they could not do much about it，they called the emergency phone numbers．And finally they had no choice but to walk away．The woman alone in the car tried to call for service．
While watching the other people leave and finding she needed some service，I realized that the woman would be on her own and felt helpless．She watched her car and the stony obstacles hopelessly．And at that time，I imagined how painful I would be if I were in that situation．So，I asked her what I could do for her．She appreciated my concern．She said staying with her was fine．She made a call and was told that it would take about 45 minutes for someone to arrive．With a sense of sadness，she said，“How will I spend the boring 45 minutes？” I said to her with a smile，“I will stay with you and buy you a cup of tea if you like．” “It is very kind of you to stay with me，” she smiled at last．
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
I tried to comfort the woman who seemed to feel worried about causing trouble for others．
Finally，help came and her car was helped back on the main road．
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