核心 词汇 1．____________ n．工资 2．____________ adj．严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的 3．____________ adv．& prep．上(船、飞机、公共汽车等) 4．____________ vi．(____________，____________) 沉没；下沉；下降 vt．使下沉；使沉没 5．____________ n．毯子 6．____________ adj．相当不错的；正派的；得体的 7．____________ adj．真正的；真诚的；可信赖的 8．____________ adj．深入的；彻底的；细致的 9．____________ vi．& n．(狗)吠叫；吠叫声 10．____________ n．球拍；蝙蝠 vi．& vt．用球板击球；挥打，拍打 11．____________ n．娱乐；消遣；游戏 12．____________ n．候选人；应试者
阅读 词汇 1．adversity n．____________ 2．expedition n．____________ 3．endurance n．____________ 4．cupboard n．____________ 5．voyage n．& vi．____________ 6．navy n．____________ 7．____________ adj．残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的 8．____________ n．家具 9．____________ adj．潮湿的；湿气重的 10．____________ n．侄子；外甥 11．____________ adj．公司的；法人的；社团的 12．____________ n．发动机；马达 adj．有引擎的；机动车的
拓展 词汇 1．qualify vt．(使)合格；(使)具备资格→____________ adj．符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→____________ n．资格；资历 2．enthusiasm n．热情；热心→____________ adj．热情的；热心的→____________ adv．热情地 3．assign vt．分派；布置；分配→____________ n．(工作等的)分派；布置 4．envy n．& vt．羡慕；妒忌→____________ adj．忌妒的→____________ adj．令人羡慕的；引起忌妒的 5．abandon vt．舍弃；抛弃；放弃→____________ adj．被遗弃的；放纵的 6．belong vi．适应；属于→____________ n．[pl．]财物；动产 7．self n．本来面目；本性；自我→____________ adj．自私的→____________ adj．无私的 8．persevere vi．坚持；孜孜以求→____________ n．毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神 9．resolve vi．& vt．决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n．决心；坚定的信念→____________ n．决议；解决；坚定 10．fortunate adj．幸运的→____________ adv．幸运地→____________ adj．不幸的→____________ adv．不幸地；遗憾地→____________ n．大笔的钱；运气 11．guide vt．指导 n．向导；指南→____________ n．指导；引导；导航 12．advertise vt．& vi．公布；宣传；做广告→____________ n．广告；宣传→____________ n．广告活动；广告业 13．loyal adj．忠诚的；忠实的→____________ n．忠诚；忠实 14．commit vt．犯(罪)；承诺→____________ adj．尽心尽力的；坚定的→____________ n．承诺；保证；奉献 15．motive n．动机；原因；目的→____________ vt．成为……的动机；激发；激励→____________ n．动力；原因
高频 短语 1．at the age of ________________ 2．turn sb． down ________________ 3．be enthusiastic about ________________ 4．set off ________________ 5．keep one's spirits up ________________ 6．________________ 每况愈下 7．________________ 获得成功 8．________________ 使某人振作起来 9．________________ 生火 10．________________ 放出(热、 光、气味或气体)
句型 公式 1．Our discipline and team spirit kept us optimistic and helped us deal with our fears in a positive and successful way．(keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语) 我们的纪律和团队精神让我们保持乐观，并帮助我们以积极和成功的方式处理我们的恐惧。 2．If it weren't for sea animals, we would all starve．(虚拟语气) 要不是有海洋里的动物， 我们都会饿死。 3．Well, it so happened that one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition．(It happened that...碰巧……) 嗯，一天早晨，我碰巧买了份报纸，看到了这则有关南极探险的招募广告。 4．We had to be careful not to go outside too often, as the changing temperatures could make us ill．(as引导原因状语从句) 我们必须小心不能经常出去，因为变化的气温会让我们生病。
Born into a wealthy family，my nephew，Jack，leads such a 1．____________(thorough) decent and cozy life that he hardly meets with cruel adversities． He has been dreaming of an adventure since he was young． At 18，Jack resolved to join an expedition 2．____________ (advertise)in the newspaper，but the leader turned him down because he thought Jack was not qualified． Full 3．____________ vigour，Jack never abandoned his dream for he was so enthusiastic about a great voyage． 4．____________(fortunate)，at 19，he joined the navy but 5．____________(assign) to be a steward with low wages． On a bitter cold day，the crew went aboard a massive ship bound for Atlantic Ocean． Jack was genuine，good-tempered and loyal and he wasn't selfish，either． He often played 6．____________ banjo for recreation, so people on the ship all liked him． Unfortunately，one day，the motor broke down and the ship got crushed on a huge iceberg． When the ship sank，their hearts also sank． At that time，the calm captain made a commitment to save them and commanded them 7．____________(throw) away their belongings such as stoves，blankets，bats，cupboards and other pieces of furniture． Finally，they were fortunate enough to escape the ship． It was their 8．____________(endure)，resolution and perseverance that helped them survive． On the distant island，Jack managed to make fire with animal fat，9．____________ gave off a smelly smell, and then he cooked sea animals． One month later，they were saved by a 10．____________ (pass) ship． In summary，it has been a miserable but unforgettable episode in Jack's life．
1．enthusiastic adj．热情的；热心的
①(北师大版选择性必修第二册Unit 5)However, because Helen was so ____________(enthusiasm) about learning, the results were amazing．
②The winners were given ____________ enthusiastic welcome when they arrived home．
③Inspired by the __________ (enthusiastic) and encouragement, David quickened his pace in high spirits．
应用文写作之介绍
得知你对我校书法俱乐部感兴趣，我很高兴向你详细介绍它。
Learning that you ____________________________ the Calligraphy Club in our school，I'm delighted to introduce it to you in detail．
◎be enthusiastic about... 对……感兴趣；对……充满热情
◎enthusiasm n．热情
be full of enthusiasm充满热情
with enthusiasm (＝enthusiastically) 热情地
◎(华盛顿邮报)The students who come are enthusiastic, and they paint their faces and all that．
来的学生都很热情，他们在脸上涂上颜料等等。
2．envy n．& vt．羡慕；妒忌
①I ____________ (envy) him being enthusiastic and full of energy and it seemed that he never felt exhausted．
②All the girls at the dance watched her ____________ envy when she danced with the prince．
③She saw the ____________(envy)look in the other people's eyes when she was assigned to the most decent job．
应用文写作之人物描写
妈妈是我的榜样。我羡慕她在逆境中的决心和毅力。
①My mother is my role model． I ________________________ and perseverance even in the face of adversity．(envy)
②My mother is my role model． I __________________________________ and perseverance even in the face of adversity．(envious)
◎envy sb． sth． 羡慕某人有某物
envy sb． doing sth． 羡慕/妒忌某人做某事
◎with envy 羡慕地；妒忌地
out of envy 出于妒忌
green with envy 妒忌得眼红
◎envious adj．妒忌的；羡慕的
be envious of羡慕；妒忌
◎(底特律自由报)When you see value in your contribution, you'll feel more control and less envy．
当你看到自己的贡献有价值时，你会有更多的掌控感，也不会那么嫉妒。
3．abandon vt．舍弃；抛弃；放弃
①(译林版选择性必修第一册Unit 2)Even in his darkest moments, however, Beethoven never ____________(abandon) hope．
②At the party, we sang, danced, and laughed ____________ wild abandon, forgetting all the troubles in our lives．
③When walking in the forest in the bitter cold，they came across an old ____________(abandon) cottage．
④Unfortunately，the crew abandoned ____________ (carry) out the experiment for lack of funds．
读后续写之主题升华
沉湎于过去的辉煌是不明智的，你应该记住，不进则退。
It is unwise of you ____________________________________________ the past glory，and you should keep in mind that not to advance is to go back．
◎abandon doing sth．放弃做某事
abandon oneself to (doing) sth． 沉湎于(做)某事；放纵(感情)于(做)某事；陷入
◎abandon n． 放任；放纵
with abandon 放纵地；放任地
◎abandoned adj． 被遗弃的；放纵的
be abandoned to... 沉湎于……
◎He eventually abandoned work on a PhD in psychology to pursue a business career．
他最终放弃了攻读心理学博士学位，转而投身商界。
4．resolve vi．& vt．决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n．决心；坚定的信念
①Use the language you have learnt to write a short paragraph about any problem you had with other people and how you managed ____________ (resolve) the problem．
②(译林版选择性必修第三册Unit 1)I made ____________ resolution to respect and protect this unique landscape while I was here．
③The government restated its resolve ____________(carry) out a thorough investigation and uncover the truth．
读后续写之决心描写
我已决心追随她的脚步，致力于年轻人的教育。
①I ________________________________________ and devote my life to the education of young men． (resolve)
②I ________________________________________ and devote my life to the education of young men．(resolution)
◎resolve on(doing)sth． 决定(做)某事
resolve(not)to do sth． 决定(不)做某事
resolve an issue/a dispute/a conflict解决问题/争端/冲突
◎resolution n．决议；决定；解决；坚定
make a resolution to do sth．决定做某事
◎(中国日报)Cultural heritage represents the wisdom of our ancestors，so our country has resolved/has made a resolution to spare no effort to protect it．
文化遗产代表我们祖先的智慧，因此我们国家已经决定不遗余力地保护它。
5．give off 放出(热、光、气味或气体)
①(北师大版选择性必修第一册Unit 2)Whenever he had more than two thousand dollars, he would give ____________ small bank notes to homeless people in the streets of local areas．
②(北师大版选择性必修第四册Unit 10)In return for the loan, Bassanio's close friend Antonio agrees to give ____________ a “pound of flesh” if Bassanio can't repay the loan．
③His wages have given ____________ just because he bought two pieces of furniture．
读后续写之场景描写
篝火发出温暖的光芒，他们平静下来开始欣赏星空。
With ____________________________________________________，they settled down and started to appreciate the starry sky．
◎give in 屈服； 投降； 让步； 上交
give away 赠送；分发；泄露；出卖
give back 归还
give out 发出(气体、光、热量、气味等)；分发； 用完，耗尽；精疲力竭
give up 放弃
give way to 让位于
◎(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)When I was about to give up，Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend．
正当我要放弃的时候，冈特掏出他的小手机，给一个朋友打了个电话。
6．[教材原句]Well，it so happened that one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition．(It happened that...碰巧……)
嗯，一天早晨，我碰巧买了份报纸，看到了这则有关南极探险的招募广告。
①It just happened ____________ I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot．
②Another time five months ago I happened ____________(be) on the beach when a beautiful rainbow appeared in the sky．
读后续写之景物描写
那片枫树林真是迷人，正巧秋天降临，枫叶变得像火焰一般红艳夺目。
The maple forest was charming，and __________________________________，and the maple leaves looked as red as flames．
◎动词happen有“碰巧”之意，常用于“happen to be/to do/to be doing/to have done等”结构，还可构成句型“it (so/just/just so) happens/happened that...”和短语“as it happens/happened”。
◎(华盛顿邮报)It just so happened that there was a young man who had been trying to have an adventure there．
碰巧有个年轻人一直想去那里冒险。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the ____________ (guide)of a trainer for four or more days a week．
2．____________ (unfortunate)，it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources．
3．When the man heard the ship had struck an iceberg, his heart ____________(sink)．
4．For the past two years, Gordon's students ____________ (study) ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they're close to a solution．
5．They reflect a concentrated beam(束) of light onto the town's central square, creating an area of sunlight of ____________ (rough) 600 square meters．
6．All ____________ (applicant) must have a driver's license and access to a car．
7．Before I competed, I had mixed the program of strength and ____________ (endure) training．
8．You didn't seem to be terribly ____________(enthusiasm) about the performance．
9．After entering the key university, David ___________ himself to studying day and night． His ___________ won him a great reputation and he became famous on campus．(commit)
10．Tom ____________ with his violin lessons despite the bad weather． It was his ___________ that enabled him to become a distinguished violinist all over the world．(persevere)
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．rough
(1)I can't tolerate sailing in the rough sea． ________
(2)The western half of the U．S．was full of grizzlies when Europeans came，with a rough number of 50，000 or more living alongside Native Americans． ________
(3)I don't know how to release the pressure in such a rough time． ________
(4)The ice on the rough road has melted and it is safe to drive on it now． ________
(5)He is such a rough child that he doesn't behave himself． ________
2．bitter
(1)She is very bitter about losing her job． ________
(2)I've learnt from the bitter experiences not to trust what he says． ________
(3)Outside，a bitter east wind is accompanied by flurries of snow． ________
(4)This medicine tastes bitter and is hard to swallow． ________
(5)With no one to resolve their dispute，the two sides are locked into a bitter conflict． ________
3．To my sadness，my son was abandoned to playing online games． ________
A．抛弃 B．离开 C．沉湎于
4．She was sincere and genuine in her wish to make up for her former mistakes． ________
A．真正的 B．真诚的 C．真实的
5．Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread． ________
A．水槽 B．下沉 C．坑洼
6．Boiling with extreme anger，he barked a series of questions at his crew． ________
A．喊叫 B．剥皮 C．厉声质问
7．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Audio (音频) and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies—say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person． ________
A．布置(任务) B．分配(某物)
C．确定(时间等)
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．碰巧我看过她导演的这部电影，所以我把情节告诉了他们。
____________________________ I had seen the film directed by her，so I told them the plot．
2．享受一天中的第一个小时。这很重要，因为这第一个小时决定当天其余时间的情绪。
Enjoy the first hour of the day． This is important _____________________________．
3．希望你们持续把工作的进展情况告诉我们。
I hope you will ____________________________ how you are getting on with the work．
假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Jack来信说最近他想在周末出去兼职，但又怕影响学习，因此他很苦恼，想要寻求你的建议。请给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1．表示理解并给予安慰；
2．提出建议并说明理由。
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jack，
Yours，
Li Hua
写作微练
①得知你现在不开心，我也很难过。
____________________________ you're unhappy at the moment．
②对于我们青少年来说，很难在兼职和学习之间保持平衡。 (balance)
To ________________________________________________________ is difficult for us teenagers．
③首先，想想你做兼职的目的。(take a part-time job)
Firstly，think about the purpose of ________________________________．
④我认为学习一些生活技能比只赚一些额外的钱更重要。(extra)
I think it's more important to learn some life skills instead of only _____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________．
⑤其次，试着找一份符合你爱好的工作，这将使你的工作不那么无聊。 (hobby)
Secondly，the job should ________________________________． In that way, your work will be less boring．
⑥最后，确保你留出足够的时间来学习。(set aside)
Lastly，make sure you __________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________．
句式升级
⑦用It作形式主语改写句②。
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
⑧用定语从句改写句⑤。
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
妙笔成篇
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
语料积累
教材 语料 亮词 turn sb．down；assign；sink；abandon；voyage；persevere；miserable；decent；cosy；selfish；good/bad-tempered
美句 1．At the age of 19，I am fit and full of vigour． 2．If it weren't for sea animals，we would all starve． 3．Our optimism and faith in Shackleton had helped us persevere in staying alive． 4．Their genuine concern for others，their perseverance，and their resolve fill me with hope． 5．When we were finally rescued，we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears．
拓展 语料 单词 hug拥抱；embrace拥抱；forearm前臂；muscular肌肉发达的；weak无力的；unfold打开； stretch伸展
语块 with arms crossed 双臂交叉；arm in arm 臂挽臂；hug/hold sb． in one's arms 拥抱某人；catch/grab hold of one's arm抓住某人的胳膊；put/throw one's arms around sb．抱住某人；pull sb． into one's arms 把某人拥入怀中；hold out/open one's arms 张开双臂； take one's arm挽住某人的胳膊
句型 1．She folded her arms and stared at him． 她交叉着双臂注视着他。 2．He was running forward, waving his arm． 他挥舞着胳膊向前跑着。 3．They are sure to welcome you with open arms． 他们一定会张开双臂欢迎你的。 4．He held out/opened his arms with a broad smile． 他张开双臂，露出灿烂的笑容。 5．He stood there with crossed arms, looking angry． 他交叉着双臂站在那里，看上去怒气冲冲的。 6．He ran up to her and put/threw his arms around her． 他跑向她并抱住了她。 7．He reached out a hand and caught/grabbed hold of her arm． 他伸出一只手，抓住了她的胳膊。
语料运用
①在忙碌的厨房里，萨拉的手臂跳着精心设计的舞蹈。(work)
In a busy kitchen, ________________________ in a well-designed dance．
②她的右臂高高地举过头顶，轻松地抓住了一只沉重的锅。(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
Her right arm reached high above her head, ________________________ with ease．
③她猛地一拉，把锅放下来，左臂稳住炉子，小心翼翼地把热气腾腾的汤倒进碗里。(with短语作状语)
________________________， she swung the pot down, her left arm steadying the stove as she carefully poured the steaming soup into a bowl．
④她的动作很准确，每只手臂都很精确地发挥着作用。(独立主格)
The precision of her movements was evident, ________________________________．
⑤当她把热气腾腾的那碗汤递给等待的顾客时，她优雅地伸出双臂，面带微笑，显露出工作圆满完成后的满足感。(as引导时间状语从句)
____________________________________ to a waiting customer, her arms extended gracefully, a smile on her face reflecting the satisfaction of a job well done．
⑥她手臂灵巧的动作凸显了她身体内部团队合作的重要性，既要高效又要有风格地完成任务。(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
The skillful flow of her arms' actions underscored the importance of teamwork within her own body, _________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________．
1 / 16核心 词汇 1．wage n．工资 2．bitter adj．严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的 3．aboard adv．& prep．上(船、飞机、公共汽车等) 4．sink vi．(sank/sunk，sunk) 沉没；下沉；下降 vt．使下沉；使沉没 5．blanket n．毯子 6．decent adj．相当不错的；正派的；得体的 7．genuine adj．真正的；真诚的；可信赖的 8．thorough adj．深入的；彻底的；细致的 9．bark vi．& n．(狗)吠叫；吠叫声 10．bat n．球拍；蝙蝠 vi．& vt．用球板击球；挥打，拍打 11．recreation n．娱乐；消遣；游戏 12．candidate n．候选人；应试者
阅读 词汇 1．adversity n．困境；逆境 2．expedition n．探险；远征；探险队 3．endurance n．忍耐力；耐久力 4．cupboard n．橱柜；壁橱；衣柜 5．voyage n．& vi．航海；航行 6．navy n．海军；海军部队 7．cruel adj．残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的 8．furniture n．家具 9．damp adj．潮湿的；湿气重的 10．nephew n．侄子；外甥 11．corporate adj．公司的；法人的；社团的 12．motor n．发动机；马达 adj．有引擎的；机动车的
拓展 词汇 1．qualify vt．(使)合格；(使)具备资格→qualified adj．符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→qualification n．资格；资历 2．enthusiasm n．热情；热心→enthusiastic adj．热情的；热心的→enthusiastically adv．热情地 3．assign vt．分派；布置；分配→assignment n．(工作等的)分派；布置 4．envy n．& vt．羡慕；妒忌→envious adj．忌妒的→enviable adj．令人羡慕的；引起忌妒的 5．abandon vt．舍弃；抛弃；放弃→abandoned adj．被遗弃的；放纵的 6．belong vi．适应；属于→belongings n．[pl．]财物；动产 7．self n．本来面目；本性；自我→selfish adj．自私的→selfless adj．无私的 8．persevere vi．坚持；孜孜以求→perseverance n．毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神 9．resolve vi．& vt．决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n．决心；坚定的信念→resolution n．决议；解决；坚定 10．fortunate adj．幸运的→fortunately adv．幸运地→unfortunate adj．不幸的→unfortunately adv．不幸地；遗憾地→fortune n．大笔的钱；运气 11．guide vt．指导 n．向导；指南→guidance n．指导；引导；导航 12．advertise vt．& vi．公布；宣传；做广告→advertisement n．广告；宣传→advertising n．广告活动；广告业 13．loyal adj．忠诚的；忠实的→loyalty n．忠诚；忠实 14．commit vt．犯(罪)；承诺→committed adj．尽心尽力的；坚定的→commitment n．承诺；保证；奉献 15．motive n．动机；原因；目的→motivate vt．成为……的动机；激发；激励→motivation n．动力；原因
高频 短语 1．at the age of 在……岁时 2．turn sb．down 拒绝某人 3．be enthusiastic about 热衷于 4．set off 出发 5．keep one's spirits up 振作精神 6．from bad to worse 每况愈下 7．make it 获得成功 8．cheer sb．up 使某人振作起来 9．make fire 生火 10．give off 放出(热、 光、气味或气体)
句型 公式 1．Our discipline and team spirit kept us optimistic and helped us deal with our fears in a positive and successful way．(keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语) 我们的纪律和团队精神让我们保持乐观，并帮助我们以积极和成功的方式处理我们的恐惧。 2．If it weren't for sea animals，we would all starve．(虚拟语气) 要不是有海洋里的动物，我们都会饿死。 3．Well，it so happened that one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition．(It happened that．．．碰巧……) 嗯，一天早晨，我碰巧买了份报纸，看到了这则有关南极探险的招募广告。 4．We had to be careful not to go outside too often，as the changing temperatures could make us ill．(as引导原因状语从句) 我们必须小心不能经常出去，因为变化的气温会让我们生病。
Born into a wealthy family，my nephew，Jack，leads such a 1．thoroughly(thorough) decent and cozy life that he hardly meets with cruel adversities．He has been dreaming of an adventure since he was young．At 18，Jack resolved to join an expedition 2．advertised (advertise)in the newspaper，but the leader turned him down because he thought Jack was not qualified．Full 3．of vigour，Jack never abandoned his dream for he was so enthusiastic about a great voyage．4．Fortunately(fortunate)，at 19，he joined the navy but 5．was assigned(assign) to be a steward with low wages．On a bitter cold day，the crew went aboard a massive ship bound for Atlantic Ocean．Jack was genuine，good-tempered and loyal and he wasn't selfish，either．He often played 6．the banjo for recreation，so people on the ship all liked him．Unfortunately，one day，the motor broke down and the ship got crushed on a huge iceberg．When the ship sank，their hearts also sank．At that time，the calm captain made a commitment to save them and commanded them 7．to throw(throw) away their belongings such as stoves，blankets，bats，cupboards and other pieces of furniture．Finally，they were fortunate enough to escape the ship．It was their 8．endurance(endure)，resolution and perseverance that helped them survive．On the distant island，Jack managed to make fire with animal fat，9．which gave off a smelly smell，and then he cooked sea animals．One month later，they were saved by a 10．passing (pass) ship．In summary，it has been a miserable but unforgettable episode in Jack's life．
1．enthusiastic adj．热情的；热心的
①(北师大版选择性必修第二册Unit 5)However，because Helen was so enthusiastic(enthusiasm) about learning，the results were amazing．
②The winners were given an enthusiastic welcome when they arrived home．
③Inspired by the enthusiasm (enthusiastic) and encouragement，David quickened his pace in high spirits．
应用文写作之介绍
得知你对我校书法俱乐部感兴趣，我很高兴向你详细介绍它。
Learning that you are enthusiastic about the Calligraphy Club in our school，I'm delighted to introduce it to you in detail．
◎be enthusiastic about．．．对……感兴趣；对……充满热情
◎enthusiasm n．热情
be full of enthusiasm充满热情
with enthusiasm (＝enthusiastically) 热情地
◎(华盛顿邮报)The students who come are enthusiastic，and they paint their faces and all that．
来的学生都很热情，他们在脸上涂上颜料等等。
2．envy n．& vt．羡慕；妒忌
①I envied (envy) him being enthusiastic and full of energy and it seemed that he never felt exhausted．
②All the girls at the dance watched her with envy when she danced with the prince．
③She saw the envious(envy)look in the other people's eyes when she was assigned to the most decent job．
应用文写作之人物描写
妈妈是我的榜样。我羡慕她在逆境中的决心和毅力。
①My mother is my role model．I envy her resolution and perseverance even in the face of adversity．(envy)
②My mother is my role model．I am envious of her resolution and perseverance even in the face of adversity．(envious)
◎envy sb．sth．羡慕某人有某物
envy sb．doing sth．羡慕/妒忌某人做某事
◎with envy 羡慕地；妒忌地
out of envy 出于妒忌
green with envy 妒忌得眼红
◎envious adj．妒忌的；羡慕的
be envious of羡慕；妒忌
◎(底特律自由报)When you see value in your contribution，you'll feel more control and less envy．
当你看到自己的贡献有价值时，你会有更多的掌控感，也不会那么嫉妒。
3．abandon vt．舍弃；抛弃；放弃
①(译林版选择性必修第一册Unit 2)Even in his darkest moments，however，Beethoven never abandoned(abandon) hope．
②At the party，we sang，danced，and laughed with wild abandon，forgetting all the troubles in our lives．
③When walking in the forest in the bitter cold，they came across an old abandoned(abandon) cottage．
④Unfortunately，the crew abandoned carrying (carry) out the experiment for lack of funds．
读后续写之主题升华
沉湎于过去的辉煌是不明智的，你应该记住，不进则退。
It is unwise of you to abandon yourself to/be abandoned to the past glory，and you should keep in mind that not to advance is to go back．
◎abandon doing sth．放弃做某事
abandon oneself to (doing) sth．沉湎于(做)某事；放纵(感情)于(做)某事；陷入
◎abandon n．放任；放纵
with abandon 放纵地；放任地
◎abandoned adj．被遗弃的；放纵的
be abandoned to．．．沉湎于……
◎He eventually abandoned work on a PhD in psychology to pursue a business career．
他最终放弃了攻读心理学博士学位，转而投身商界。
4．resolve vi．& vt．决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n．决心；坚定的信念
①Use the language you have learnt to write a short paragraph about any problem you had with other people and how you managed to resolve (resolve) the problem．
②(译林版选择性必修第三册Unit 1)I made a resolution to respect and protect this unique landscape while I was here．
③The government restated its resolve to carry(carry) out a thorough investigation and uncover the truth．
读后续写之决心描写
我已决心追随她的脚步，致力于年轻人的教育。
①I have resolved to follow in her footsteps and devote my life to the education of young men．(resolve)
②I have made a resolution to follow in her footsteps and devote my life to the education of young men．(resolution)
◎resolve on(doing)sth．决定(做)某事
resolve(not)to do sth．决定(不)做某事
resolve an issue/a dispute/a conflict解决问题/争端/冲突
◎resolution n．决议；决定；解决；坚定
make a resolution to do sth．决定做某事
◎(中国日报)Cultural heritage represents the wisdom of our ancestors，so our country has resolved/has made a resolution to spare no effort to protect it．
文化遗产代表我们祖先的智慧，因此我们国家已经决定不遗余力地保护它。
5．give off 放出(热、光、气味或气体)
①(北师大版选择性必修第一册Unit 2)Whenever he had more than two thousand dollars，he would give away small bank notes to homeless people in the streets of local areas．
②(北师大版选择性必修第四册Unit 10)In return for the loan，Bassanio's close friend Antonio agrees to give up a “pound of flesh” if Bassanio can't repay the loan．
③His wages have given out just because he bought two pieces of furniture．
读后续写之场景描写
篝火发出温暖的光芒，他们平静下来开始欣赏星空。
With the campfire giving off/out warm light/a warm glow，they settled down and started to appreciate the starry sky．
◎give in 屈服；投降；让步；上交
give away 赠送；分发；泄露；出卖
give back 归还
give out 发出(气体、光、热量、气味等)；分发；用完，耗尽；精疲力竭
give up 放弃
give way to 让位于
◎(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)When I was about to give up，Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend．
正当我要放弃的时候，冈特掏出他的小手机，给一个朋友打了个电话。
6．[教材原句]Well，it so happened that one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition．(It happened that．．．碰巧……)
嗯，一天早晨，我碰巧买了份报纸，看到了这则有关南极探险的招募广告。
①It just happened that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot．
②Another time five months ago I happened to be(be) on the beach when a beautiful rainbow appeared in the sky．
读后续写之景物描写
那片枫树林真是迷人，正巧秋天降临，枫叶变得像火焰一般红艳夺目。
The maple forest was charming，and as it happened，autumn fell/it happened that autumn fell，and the maple leaves looked as red as flames．
◎动词happen有“碰巧”之意，常用于“happen to be/to do/to be doing/to have done等”结构，还可构成句型“it (so/just/just so) happens/happened that．．．”和短语“as it happens/happened”。
◎(华盛顿邮报)It just so happened that there was a young man who had been trying to have an adventure there．
碰巧有个年轻人一直想去那里冒险。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance (guide)of a trainer for four or more days a week．
2．Unfortunately (unfortunate)，it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources．
3．When the man heard the ship had struck an iceberg，his heart sank/sunk(sink)．
4．For the past two years，Gordon's students have been studying (study) ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity，and they think they're close to a solution．
5．They reflect a concentrated beam(束) of light onto the town's central square，creating an area of sunlight of roughly (rough) 600 square meters．
6．All applicants (applicant) must have a driver's license and access to a car．
7．Before I competed，I had mixed the program of strength and endurance (endure) training．
8．You didn't seem to be terribly enthusiastic(enthusiasm) about the performance．
9．After entering the key university，David committed himself to studying day and night．His commitment won him a great reputation and he became famous on campus．(commit)
10．Tom persevered with his violin lessons despite the bad weather．It was his perseverance that enabled him to become a distinguished violinist all over the world．(persevere)
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．rough
A．汹涌的；风浪很大的 B．崎岖的 C．粗略的 D．艰难的 E．粗鲁的
(1)I can't tolerate sailing in the rough sea． A
(2)The western half of the U．S．was full of grizzlies when Europeans came，with a rough number of 50，000 or more living alongside Native Americans． C
(3)I don't know how to release the pressure in such a rough time． D
(4)The ice on the rough road has melted and it is safe to drive on it now． B
(5)He is such a rough child that he doesn't behave himself． E
2．bitter
A．痛苦的 B．激烈而不愉快的 C．寒冷的；刺骨的 D．味苦的 E．愤愤不平的
(1)She is very bitter about losing her job． E
(2)I've learnt from the bitter experiences not to trust what he says． A
(3)Outside，a bitter east wind is accompanied by flurries of snow． C
(4)This medicine tastes bitter and is hard to swallow． D
(5)With no one to resolve their dispute，the two sides are locked into a bitter conflict．B
3．To my sadness，my son was abandoned to playing online games． C
A．抛弃 B．离开 C．沉湎于
4．She was sincere and genuine in her wish to make up for her former mistakes．B
A．真正的 B．真诚的 C．真实的
5．Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread． A
A．水槽 B．下沉 C．坑洼
6．Boiling with extreme anger，he barked a series of questions at his crew． C
A．喊叫 B．剥皮 C．厉声质问
7．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Audio (音频) and video can feel more engaging than text，and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies—say，assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person． A
A．布置(任务)
B．分配(某物)
C．确定(时间等)
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．碰巧我看过她导演的这部电影，所以我把情节告诉了他们。
It so happened that I had seen the film directed by her，so I told them the plot．
2．享受一天中的第一个小时。这很重要，因为这第一个小时决定当天其余时间的情绪。
Enjoy the first hour of the day．This is important as it sets the mood for the rest of the day．
3．希望你们持续把工作的进展情况告诉我们。
I hope you will keep us informed of how you are getting on with the work．
假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Jack来信说最近他想在周末出去兼职，但又怕影响学习，因此他很苦恼，想要寻求你的建议。请给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1．表示理解并给予安慰；
2．提出建议并说明理由。
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jack，
Yours，
Li Hua
写作微练
①得知你现在不开心，我也很难过。
I'm sorry to know you're unhappy at the moment．
②对于我们青少年来说，很难在兼职和学习之间保持平衡。 (balance)
To keep a balance between a part-time job and our study is difficult for us teenagers．
③首先，想想你做兼职的目的。(take a part-time job)
Firstly，think about the purpose of your taking a part-time job．
④我认为学习一些生活技能比只赚一些额外的钱更重要。(extra)
I think it's more important to learn some life skills instead of only making some extra money．
⑤其次，试着找一份符合你爱好的工作，这将使你的工作不那么无聊。 (hobby)
Secondly，the job should fit in with your hobbies．In that way，your work will be less boring．
⑥最后，确保你留出足够的时间来学习。(set aside)
Lastly，make sure you set aside enough time for your study．
句式升级
⑦用It作形式主语改写句②。
It's difficult for us teenagers to keep a balance between a part-time job and our study．
⑧用定语从句改写句⑤。
Secondly，try to find a job that can fit in with your hobbies，which will make your work less boring．
妙笔成篇
Dear Jack，
I'm sorry to know you're unhappy at the moment．To be honest，it's difficult for us teenagers to keep a balance between a part-time job and our study．Here are my suggestions．
Firstly，think about the purpose of your taking a part-time job．I think it's more important to learn some life skills instead of only making some extra money．Secondly，try to find a job that can fit in with your hobbies，which will make your work less boring．Lastly，make sure you set aside enough time for your study．
I hope you will soon feel happy．
Yours，
Li Hua
语料积累
教材 语料 亮词 turn sb．down；assign；sink；abandon；voyage；persevere；miserable；decent；cosy；selfish；good/bad-tempered
美句 1．At the age of 19，I am fit and full of vigour． 2．If it weren't for sea animals，we would all starve． 3．Our optimism and faith in Shackleton had helped us persevere in staying alive． 4．Their genuine concern for others，their perseverance，and their resolve fill me with hope． 5．When we were finally rescued，we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears．
拓展 语料 单词 hug拥抱；embrace拥抱；forearm前臂；muscular肌肉发达的；weak无力的；unfold打开；stretch伸展
语块 with arms crossed 双臂交叉；arm in arm 臂挽臂；hug/hold sb．in one's arms 拥抱某人；catch/grab hold of one's arm抓住某人的胳膊；put/throw one's arms around sb．抱住某人；pull sb．into one's arms 把某人拥入怀中；hold out/open one's arms 张开双臂；take one's arm挽住某人的胳膊
句型 1．She folded her arms and stared at him． 她交叉着双臂注视着他。 2．He was running forward，waving his arm． 他挥舞着胳膊向前跑着。 3．They are sure to welcome you with open arms． 他们一定会张开双臂欢迎你的。 4．He held out/opened his arms with a broad smile． 他张开双臂，露出灿烂的笑容。 5．He stood there with crossed arms，looking angry． 他交叉着双臂站在那里，看上去怒气冲冲的。 6．He ran up to her and put/threw his arms around her． 他跑向她并抱住了她。 7．He reached out a hand and caught/grabbed hold of her arm． 他伸出一只手，抓住了她的胳膊。
语料运用
①在忙碌的厨房里，萨拉的手臂跳着精心设计的舞蹈。(work)
In a busy kitchen，Sarah's arms worked in a well-designed dance．
②她的右臂高高地举过头顶，轻松地抓住了一只沉重的锅。(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
Her right arm reached high above her head，grasping a heavy pot with ease．
③她猛地一拉，把锅放下来，左臂稳住炉子，小心翼翼地把热气腾腾的汤倒进碗里。(with短语作状语)
With a swift pull，she swung the pot down，her left arm steadying the stove as she carefully poured the steaming soup into a bowl．
④她的动作很准确，每只手臂都很精确地发挥着作用。(独立主格)
The precision of her movements was evident，each arm playing its part precisely．
⑤当她把热气腾腾的那碗汤递给等待的顾客时，她优雅地伸出双臂，面带微笑，显露出工作圆满完成后的满足感。(as引导时间状语从句)
As she handed the steaming bowl to a waiting customer，her arms extended gracefully，a smile on her face reflecting the satisfaction of a job well done．
⑥她手臂灵巧的动作凸显了她身体内部团队合作的重要性，既要高效又要有风格地完成任务。(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
The skillful flow of her arms' actions underscored the importance of teamwork within her own body，completing a task with both efficiency and style．
课时数智作业(三十)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟)
(2024·浙江北斗星盟模拟)
How good are you at maths From working out how to split the bill after a meal to calculating your household bills，maths is all around us．Some people love the challenge of algebra or enjoy working out number puzzles such as Sudoku．But many fear the moment when they have to deal with numbers and figures and feel a real sense of worry and confusion．
It can seem daunting，but this “maths anxiety” is perfectly normal，and you're definitely not alone．The Programme for International Student Assessment found around 31% of 15- and 16-year-olds across 34 countries said they got very nervous doing maths problems，33% said they got tense doing maths homework，and nearly 60% said they worried maths classes would be difficult．Other studies have shown that the problem really starts in childhood，at school．Maths teachers who are nervous about teaching the subject can pass on their anxiety to the pupils，and girls may be more likely to be affected．
Writing for BBC Future，David Robson says，“It's not clear why maths arouses so much fear compared to geography．But the fact that there's a right or wrong answer — there's no room for bluffing — might make you more worried about underperforming．” And once we assume we're not a “maths person”，we avoid solving things that we probably could do．
Psychologists have been trying to work out ways to address “maths anxiety”．Some suggest that articulating your fears can loosen their hold on you，and encourage children to see a maths test as a challenge，not a threat．Ideally，we need to voice our concern and think positively．Let's give maths a second chance．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。许多人有“数学焦虑症”，文章主要分析了其原因并给出了一些建议。
1．What is the function of the first sentence of the text？( )
A．To ask a question．
B．To attract attention．
C．To give an example．
D．To stress importance．
B [推理判断题。根据第一段内容可推知，文章第一句的功能是吸引读者的注意力。故选B。]
2．What does David Robson say about the problem？( )
A．The cause of fear for maths is evident．
B．The answers to maths questions are ambiguous．
C．Our self-distrust keeps us from solving maths problems．
D．The accuracy of maths answers may lead to maths anxiety．
D [细节理解题。根据第三段中“Writing for BBC Future，David Robson says，‘It's not clear why maths arouses so much fear compared to geography．But the fact that there's a right or wrong answer — there's no room for bluffing — might make you more worried about underperforming．’”可知，数学答案的准确性可能会导致数学焦虑。故选D。]
3．What does the underlined word “articulating” mean in the last paragraph？( )
A．Confirming． B．Overcoming．
C．Awaking． D．Expressing．
D [词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“your fears can loosen their hold on you”以及“Ideally，we need to voice our concern and think positively．”可知，我们需要表达我们的担忧，并积极思考，说明表达你的恐惧可以减轻恐惧对你的控制。由此可知，画线词articulating与expressing“表达”意思一致。故选D。]
4．Which of the following is the best title for the text？( )
A．Maths Tests: A Real Nightmare
B．Maths Research: A Promising Field
C．Maths Anxiety: A Solvable Problem
D．Maths Confusion: A Common Phenomenon
C [标题归纳题。根据第一段内容可知，文章主要说明了许多人有“数学焦虑症”，并分析了其原因以及给出了一些建议。C选项“数学焦虑：一个可以解决的问题”最适合作文章标题。故选C项。]
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟)
(2025·安徽合肥模拟)
When faced with a big challenge，maybe you've heard this advice before: “Be more confident．” 1 Take the belief that you are valuable，worthwhile and capable，add in the optimism that comes when you are certain of your abilities，and then act courageously to face a challenge head-on．This is confidence．
Then where does confidence come from There are several factors that affect confidence．Firstly，what you're born with，such as your genes．Secondly，how you're treated． 2 And lastly，the part you have control over，the choices you make，the risks you take，and how you think about and respond to challenges and setbacks．And，by keeping in mind a few practical tips，we do actually have the power to cultivate our own confidence．
·Find a quick fix． 3 Picture your success when you're beginning a difficult task．Do something as simple as listening to music with deep bass．You can even strike a powerful pose or give yourself a pep talk (鼓舞士气的话)．
· 4 If you're looking for a long-term change，consider the way you think about your abilities and talents．If you think they are fixed at birth，you might give up，assuming you've discovered something you're not very good at．But if you have a growth mindset and think your abilities can improve，a challenge is an opportunity to learn and grow．
·Practise failure．Face it．You're going to fail sometimes．Studies show that those who fail regularly and keep trying anyway are better equipped to respond to challenges and setbacks in a constructive way． 5
A．Promote feelings of power．
B．But what is confidence
C．But how can we become confident
D．Believe in your ability to improve．
E．This includes the social pressures of your environment．
F．They learn how to try different strategies，ask others for advice，and carry on．
G．There are a few tricks that can give you an immediate confidence boost in the short term．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了当面对挑战和挫折时，我们可以通过三个实用技巧来增强自信。
1．B [根据上下文可知，本句与上文构成转折，针对自信提出设问，后文给出回答。故选B项。]
2．E [根据上文可知，本句针对上文“别人如何对待你”展开说明。故选E项。]
3．G [根据后文可知，后文主要给出了一些提升自信的建议。故选G项。]
4．D [根据后文可知，本段的主旨是相信自己的能力可以提高，D选项中“ability to improve”对应后文的“think your abilities can improve”。故选D项。]
5．F [根据上文可知，本句总结上文经常失败但仍在努力的人的特点。故选F项。]
Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟)
There is a Chinese story of an old man in his 90s working with his family to remove mountains to connect the outside world 1． others' doubts．The story has inspired the Chinese to unite and overcome difficulty with 2． (determine) and hard work．
The story became a reality in Lin County，Henan Province in the 1960s．A 1，500-kilometer-long waterway along the cliffs (悬崖) of the Taihang Mountains 3． (build) by the local people within 10 years，bringing precious water from the Zhanghe River in the bordering Shanxi Province to the drought-hit area．
Initially，finding drinking water was 4． headache for residents: People had to fetch water from five kilometres away every day．5． (ease) this area's water shortages，the local government decided to construct a canal across the mountains，6． construction was a remarkable engineering achievement．
People tied ropes around their waists and 7． (hang) off cliffs，drilling holes in rocks，and then dug canals with simple tools．From February 1960 to July 1969，they levelled 1，250 mountain tops and dug 211 tunnels (隧道)，8． (remove) 22.25 million cubic metres of earth and rocks．
Their efforts gained multiple 9． (benefit)．It was the canal that 10． (dramatic) changed the life of the local people，irrigating (灌溉) 36，000 hectares of land and solving water supply difficulties to some 567，000 people．Their deeds have been hailed (称颂) as the “spirit of the Red Flag Canal．”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了20世纪60年代，河南省林县人民在10年内沿着太行山的悬崖修建了一条1 500千米长的水渠，将宝贵的水资源输送到干旱地区。
1．despite [考查介词。后跟名词作宾语，表示“不顾”应用介词despite。故填despite。]
2．determination [考查名词。作介词with的宾语，应用名词determination，故填determination。]
3．was built [考查时态、语态和主谓一致。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文within 10 years可知发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为A 1，500-kilometre-long waterway，谓语用单数。故填was built。]
4．a [考查冠词。 此处headache为泛指，且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。]
5．To ease [考查非谓语动词。此处为目的状语，应用不定式，首字母大写。故填To ease。]
6．whose [考查定语从句。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词canal，关系词在从句中作定语，应用whose，故填whose。]
7．hung [考查时态。根据上文“People tied ropes around their waists and”可知为一般过去时。故填hung。]
8．removing [考查非谓语动词。remove与其逻辑主语they构成主动关系，故用动词-ing形式作状语。故填removing。]
9．benefits [考查名词的数。根据上文multiple可知，benefit应用复数形式。故填benefits。 ]
10．dramatically [考查副词。修饰动词change应用副词dramatically，故填dramatically。]
Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟)
(2025·浙江北斗星盟模拟)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I sat in the breakfast corner with my four-year-old son，Matthew，trying to ignore the ache in my stomach．I was still recovering from a surgery．I hoped for strength and happiness．But the future seemed so hopeless．
Matthew jumped up from his spot on the kitchen floor．“Bird！” he shouted，rushing to the sliding door．Sure enough，there was a white dove seated in a rubber tree．It sat there a few moments，and then flew away．I'd never seen one in our neighbourhood before．
When I dragged myself to the kitchen the next morning，the dove was back．This time it was with a mate carrying twigs (嫩枝)．“Look，Matthew，” I said，pointing to the tree．“They're going to make a nest．” The doves flew in and out of the courtyard all week，building on the top of the rubber tree．Matthew could hardly contain his excitement．Every morning，he'd run into the kitchen and take his spot by the sliding glass door，talking to the birds while they worked．As much as I was grieving (感到悲伤)，I couldn't help but look forward to the doves' visits too．We watched their progress as if it were a real-life soap opera unfolding before us．Gradually，my pain disappeared，replaced by joy．
Then it all went wrong．The courtyard was a safe enough spot for a nest，but the rubber tree's broad，thin leaves were far from stable．One night，a strong wind blew through，throwing the doves' nest to the ground．I heard the twigs break apart．Nothing good ever lasts．I wouldn't blame the doves if they never came back．But they returned．And they paid no attention to the pile of sticks that had once been their nest．They started again from scratch，though the wind destroyed all their hard work．The next day，and the next，they renewed their efforts，as if nothing had happened．
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
I knew I had to do something for the poor creatures．
“The birds are back！” Matthew announced．
【参考范文】
I knew I had to do something for the poor creatures．Their adversity stirred something within me．I was going to help them instead of just watching the doves persistently build their nest．Before the time when the doves usually made their visits，I looked through the garage for an old piece of shelving．By means of a ladder，I successfully hammered the shelving into the wall next to the rubber tree．Covered with some leaves，it looked like part of the tree．Then Matthew and I stood by the door，waiting and hoping．
“The birds are back！” Matthew announced．To our delight，they seemed to approve of the new platform and began rebuilding their nest．Matthew's eyes lit up with joy，and I felt warmth surging through my heart．The doves' unwavering determination had become a source of inspiration for us，reminding us that setbacks were not the end，but an opportunity for a new beginning．In their brief existence，the doves had taught us a profound lesson about resilience and hope，one that would stick in our mind for a long time to come．
1/21课时数智作业(三十)
选择性必修第三册 UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟)
(2024·浙江北斗星盟模拟)
How good are you at maths From working out how to split the bill after a meal to calculating your household bills，maths is all around us．Some people love the challenge of algebra or enjoy working out number puzzles such as Sudoku．But many fear the moment when they have to deal with numbers and figures and feel a real sense of worry and confusion．
It can seem daunting，but this “maths anxiety”is perfectly normal，and you're definitely not alone．The Programme for International Student Assessment found around 31% of 15 and 16 year olds across 34 countries said they got very nervous doing maths problems，33% said they got tense doing maths homework，and nearly 60% said they worried maths classes would be difficult．Other studies have shown that the problem really starts in childhood，at school．Maths teachers who are nervous about teaching the subject can pass on their anxiety to the pupils，and girls may be more likely to be affected．
Writing for BBC Future，David Robson says，“It's not clear why maths arouses so much fear compared to geography．But the fact that there's a right or wrong answer — there's no room for bluffing — might make you more worried about underperforming．”And once we assume we're not a “maths person”，we avoid solving things that we probably could do．
Psychologists have been trying to work out ways to address “maths anxiety”．Some suggest that articulating your fears can loosen their hold on you，and encourage children to see a maths test as a challenge，not a threat．Ideally，we need to voice our concern and think positively．Let's give maths a second chance．
1．What is the function of the first sentence of the text？( )
A．To ask a question．
B．To attract attention．
C．To give an example．
D．To stress importance．
2．What does David Robson say about the problem？( )
A．The cause of fear for maths is evident．
B．The answers to maths questions are ambiguous．
C．Our self distrust keeps us from solving maths problems．
D．The accuracy of maths answers may lead to maths anxiety．
3．What does the underlined word “articulating”mean in the last paragraph？( )
A．Confirming． B．Overcoming．
C．Awaking． D．Expressing．
4．Which of the following is the best title for the text？( )
A．Maths Tests：A Real Nightmare
B．Maths Research：A Promising Field
C．Maths Anxiety：A Solvable Problem
D．Maths Confusion：A Common Phenomenon
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟)
(2025·安徽合肥模拟)
When faced with a big challenge，maybe you've heard this advice before：“Be more confident．” 1 Take the belief that you are valuable，worthwhile and capable，add in the optimism that comes when you are certain of your abilities，and then act courageously to face a challenge head on．This is confidence．
Then where does confidence come from There are several factors that affect confidence．Firstly，what you're born with，such as your genes．Secondly，how you're treated． 2 And lastly，the part you have control over，the choices you make，the risks you take，and how you think about and respond to challenges and setbacks．And，by keeping in mind a few practical tips，we do actually have the power to cultivate our own confidence．
·Find a quick fix． 3 Picture your success when you're beginning a difficult task．Do something as simple as listening to music with deep bass．You can even strike a powerful pose or give yourself a pep talk (鼓舞士气的话)．
· 4 If you're looking for a long term change，consider the way you think about your abilities and talents．If you think they are fixed at birth，you might give up，assuming you've discovered something you're not very good at．But if you have a growth mindset and think your abilities can improve，a challenge is an opportunity to learn and grow．
·Practise failure．Face it．You're going to fail sometimes．Studies show that those who fail regularly and keep trying anyway are better equipped to respond to challenges and setbacks in a constructive way． 5
A．Promote feelings of power．
B．But what is confidence
C．But how can we become confident
D．Believe in your ability to improve．
E．This includes the social pressures of your environment．
F．They learn how to try different strategies，ask others for advice，and carry on．
G．There are a few tricks that can give you an immediate confidence boost in the short term．
Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟)
There is a Chinese story of an old man in his 90s working with his family to remove mountains to connect the outside world 1． others' doubts．The story has inspired the Chinese to unite and overcome difficulty with 2． (determine) and hard work．
The story became a reality in Lin County，Henan Province in the 1960s．A 1，500 kilometre long waterway along the cliffs (悬崖) of the Taihang Mountains 3． (build) by the local people within 10 years，bringing precious water from the Zhanghe River in the bordering Shanxi Province to the drought hit area．
Initially，finding drinking water was 4． headache for residents：People had to fetch water from five kilometres away every day．5． (ease) this area's water shortages，the local government decided to construct a canal across the mountains，6． construction was a remarkable engineering achievement．
People tied ropes around their waists and 7． (hang) off cliffs，drilling holes in rocks，and then dug canals with simple tools．From February 1960 to July 1969，they levelled 1，250 mountain tops and dug 211 tunnels (隧道)，8． (remove) 22.25 million cubic metres of earth and rocks．
Their efforts gained multiple 9． (benefit)．It was the canal that 10． (dramatic) changed the life of the local people，irrigating (灌溉) 36，000 hectares of land and solving water supply difficulties to some 567，000 people．Their deeds have been hailed (称颂) as the “spirit of the Red Flag Canal．”
Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟)
(2025·浙江北斗星盟模拟)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I sat in the breakfast corner with my four year old son，Matthew，trying to ignore the ache in my stomach．I was still recovering from a surgery．I hoped for strength and happiness．But the future seemed so hopeless．
Matthew jumped up from his spot on the kitchen floor．“Bird！”he shouted，rushing to the sliding door．Sure enough，there was a white dove seated in a rubber tree．It sat there a few moments，and then flew away．I'd never seen one in our neighbourhood before．
When I dragged myself to the kitchen the next morning，the dove was back．This time it was with a mate carrying twigs (嫩枝)．“Look，Matthew，”I said，pointing to the tree．“They're going to make a nest．”The doves flew in and out of the courtyard all week，building on the top of the rubber tree．Matthew could hardly contain his excitement．Every morning，he'd run into the kitchen and take his spot by the sliding glass door，talking to the birds while they worked．As much as I was grieving (感到悲伤)，I couldn't help but look forward to the doves' visits too．We watched their progress as if it were a real life soap opera unfolding before us．Gradually，my pain disappeared，replaced by joy．
Then it all went wrong．The courtyard was a safe enough spot for a nest，but the rubber tree's broad，thin leaves were far from stable．One night，a strong wind blew through，throwing the doves' nest to the ground．I heard the twigs break apart．Nothing good ever lasts．I wouldn't blame the doves if they never came back．But they returned．And they paid no attention to the pile of sticks that had once been their nest．They started again from scratch，though the wind destroyed all their hard work．The next day，and the next，they renewed their efforts，as if nothing had happened．
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
I knew I had to do something for the poor creatures．
“The birds are back！”Matthew announced．
——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————(该题请在下页答题区域作答)
Ⅳ．读后续写
I knew I had to do something for the poor creatures．
“The birds are back！”Matthew announced．
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