核心 词汇 1．splendid adj．壮丽的 2．leisure n．空闲，闲暇 3．radiation n．辐射 4．wander v．徘徊 5．scenery n．风景，景色 6．jungle n．(热带)丛林 7．candidate n．申请者 8．genuine adj．真的，真正的 9．salary n．薪金，工资 10．waist n．腰，腰部
阅读 词汇 1．delicate adj．脆弱的 2．landmark n．地标 3．permafrost n．永久冻土层 4．Tibetan adj．西藏的 5．antelope n．羚羊 6．wetland n．湿地 7．grassland n．草原 8．mirror-like adj．如镜面般的 9．plateau n．高原 10．emission n．散发物，排放物
拓展 词汇 1．steadily adv．平稳地→steady adj．稳定的，持续的 2．massive adj．巨大的→mass n．块，团；堆 3．economy n．经济→economic adj．经济的 4．disturb v．干扰，扰乱→disturbing adj．令人不安的→disturbance n．打扰；骚乱 5．operator n．经营者→operate v．经营；操作→operation n．操作；经营；运转；手术 6．conservationist n．(动植物或古旧建筑的)保护工作者；环境保护主义者→conservation n．保护→conserve v．保护；保存；节省；节约 7．applicant n．申请人→apply v．申请→application n．申请；应用 8．favour n．支持，赞同→favourable adj．支持的；有利的；优惠的；给人好印象的 9．advertise v．(为……)做广告(宣传)→advertisement n．广告→advertising n．广告活动；广告业→advertiser n．广告商 10．negotiable adj．可协商的→negotiate v．谈判，协商→negotiation n．谈判，协商 11．preference n．优先(权)→prefer v．更喜欢，偏爱 12．qualification n．技能条件，资格→qualify v．取得资格；使具有资格→qualified adj．有资格的；称职的
高频 短语 1．at one's leisure 空闲时 2．in favour of 支持，赞同 3．among the top concerns 高度重视的问题之一 4．catch one's eye 吸引某人的注意 5．be located at... 位于…… 6．reach out 伸出(手) 7．bring...to life 使……充满生机 8．use up 用光 9．in harmony with... 与……协调 10．overcome the challenges 克服难题 11．highlight the importance of... 强调……的重要性 12．be made up of... 由……组成 13．under threat from... 受到……的威胁 14．in addition to... 除了……以外(还) 15．become aware of 意识到；知道
句型 公式 1．How to protect the delicate ecosystem was among the top concerns．(“疑问词＋不定式”作主语) 怎样保护脆弱的生态系统是最令人关注的问题之一。 2．The first landmark to catch my eye is the splendid Qingshuihe Bridge，the world's longest bridge built over permafrost．(不定式短语作后置定语) 最先映入眼帘的地标性建筑是壮观的清水河大桥，它是世界上最长的高原冻土(铁路)桥。 3．Key duties include exploring the islands of the reef and finding out what the area has to offer． (动词-ing形式短语作宾语) 主要职责包括探索大堡礁的各个岛屿，并且探寻当地的自然资源。 4．Ben later joked that the job should have been advertised not as the “best”，but the “busiest job in the world”！(should have done；not...but...) 本后来开玩笑说，这份工作不应该被宣传为“最好的”，而应该是“世界上最忙的工作”！ 5．Whether it was a genuine job offer or an eye-catching marketing event isn't really important．(whether...or...引导主语从句) 不管这是一个真正的工作机会，还是一场吸引眼球的营销活动，其实都不重要。
I am writing to apply for the voluntary work to protect the animals，1．which you have advertised in the newspaper．
As 2．an applicant，I have the following qualifications．First of all，at my leisure，I have a preference for reading books concerning animals，3．making(make) up my mind to be a conservationist．When I 4．traveled/travelled(travel) to the massive Tibetan Plateau，I saw some antelopes wandering on the grassland．While enjoying the splendid Tibetan scenery，I was 5．worried (worry)，because the development of economy 6．has disturbed/has been disturbing (disturb) those delicate 7．animals(animal) in the past decade．As a genuine conservationist，I'm in favour of living 8．harmoniously (harmony) with animals．I hold the 9．belief (believe) that I'm qualified．
I would appreciate 10．it if you could take my application into account．And I will be looking forward to your early reply．
1．disturb v．干扰，扰乱；使不安；使烦恼
①Very annoyed and disturbed (disturb)，she walked slowly toward the door．
②It disturbs (disturb) me greatly to know that I can't accompany you to the bookstore on time．
③When a helicopter lands，it can cause a disturbance (disturb) to local residents．
④(人教版选择性必修第四册Unit 1)Now she was being looked after by a robot that looked so human，and it was disturbing(disturb)．
应用文写作之告知信
我对最近发生的自然灾害的消息感到不安，这些灾害影响了很多人。
I am disturbed by/about/at the news of the recent natural disasters that have affected so many people．
◎It disturbs sb．that...让某人不安的是……
It disturbs sb．to do sth．做某事让某人不安。
◎disturbing adj．令人不安的
◎disturbed adj．烦恼的，心烦意乱的
be disturbed by/about/at 对……感到忧虑/不安
be disturbed to do sth．对做某事感到不安
◎disturbance n．(受)打扰，干扰；骚乱，骚动；失调，紊乱
◎Very annoyed and disturbed，she walked slowly toward the door．
她非常恼火和不安，慢慢地向门口走去。
2．operator n．经营者；操作人员，技工；电话员，接线员
①The operator (operate) has to be able to carry out routine maintenance of the machine．
②And then in late November，Tilly had an operation (operate) on her leg．
③The project which was agreed on last month will be put into operation soon．
④Having seen the X-ray，the doctor decided to operate on/upon the patient．
应用文写作之通知
新法律于明日午夜生效。
The new law comes/goes into operation by midnight tomorrow．
◎operate v．运转，工作；操作，控制；(对……)动手术
operate on/upon...给……做手术
◎operation n．手术；运转，操作
put...into operation 投入使用；开始试行；投入运营
come/go into operation 开始工作/运转/生效
◎The experienced doctors，dedicated to saving lives，operated on the injured victims one by one．
经验丰富的医生们，致力于拯救生命，为一个接一个的伤者做手术。
3．favour n．支持，赞同v．偏袒，偏爱；支持，更喜欢；有利于
①Favourable(favour) policies are in effect to encourage employees' professional development．
②He listened attentively，and responded favourably (favour) to both my suggestions．
③His decisive action turned the whole situation in our favour．
词汇升级/一句多译
①Personally speaking，I totally favoured the proposal put forward at the meeting．
→Personally speaking，I was totally in favour of the proposal put forward at the meeting．
②我写这封信是希望你能够在即将到来的面试中帮我一个忙。
a．I'm writing this letter，hoping that you can do me a favour with my coming interview．
b．I'm writing this letter，hoping that you can do a favour for me with my coming interview．
◎in favour of 支持，赞同
ask sb．a favour＝ask a favour of sb．请某人帮忙
do sb．a favour＝do a favour for sb．帮某人的忙
in sb．'s favour 对某人有利
◎favourable adj．给人好印象的；赞同的，支持的；有利的，有助于……的
◎favourite adj．最喜欢的 n．最喜爱的人或事物
◎favourably adv．顺利地；有利地
◎Knowing that you have relevant experience，I'm writing to ask you a favour/ask a favour of you．
得知你有相关经验，我写信是想请你帮忙。
4．negotiable adj．可协商的，可讨论的；可通行的；流通的；可兑现的；可转让的
①He has insisted that his organization will not negotiate with the government．
②It is reported that the exact details of the agreement are still under negotiation．
③The rent is negotiable (negotiate) with the landlord and depends on when you can move in and how long you will rent．
应用文写作之建议信
参加课外活动使我们能够学习如何与其他学生进行协商和合作。
Participating in extra-curricular activities enables us to learn how to negotiate and cooperate with other students．
◎negotiate v．谈判，磋商，协商；商定；达成(协议)
negotiate with sb．for/about sth．和某人协商某事；就某事和某人谈判
◎negotiation n．(尤指商业或政治方面的)谈判，协商，磋商
under negotiation 在协商中
◎The negotiation broke down because one side refused to obey the rules．
谈判破裂了，因为一方拒绝遵守规则。
5．qualification n．技能条件，资格
①I think I'm well qualified (qualify) for the accountant position here．
②He's been informed that he doesn't qualify for the scholarship because of his academic background．
③(人教版选择性必修第二册Unit 2)Xie Lei is studying for a business qualification(qualify) at a university in China and has come to our university on a year-long exchange programme．
④I believe my academic background and work experience will qualify me for this position．
一句多译
任何精通物理和历史知识的人都有资格担任这个职位。
①Whoever has a good knowledge of physics and history is qualified for the position/post．(qualified)
②Whoever has a good knowledge of physics and history has qualifications for the position/post．(qualification)
◎have qualifications for...有资格做……
◎qualify v．取得资格；使合格；(使)有资格
qualify for 有……资格/取得……的资格
qualify sb．to do sth．使某人有资格做某事
◎qualified adj．有资格的，合格的，胜任的
be qualified for 有……资格，胜任……
◎As far as I'm concerned，I'm qualified for the voluntary job．
在我看来，我能胜任这项志愿工作。
6．[教材原句]Ben later joked that the job should have been advertised not as the “best”，but the “busiest job in the world”！(should have done)
本后来开玩笑说，这份工作不应该被宣传为“最好的”，而应该是“世界上最繁忙的工作”！
①My sister came home with a broad smile on her face．She must have passed (pass) the driving test．
②I couldn't have finished (finish) the report without your timely help．Thank you so much!
③I needn't have worried (worry) before I came to my new school，for my classmates here are very friendly to me．
④I thought he would be on time for the meeting，but he was late．He should have left(leave) home earlier．
⑤He didn't answer his phone，so I think he may have been(be) busy with work and not heard it ring．
应用文写作之道歉信
为此事可能给你带来的任何不便，我深表歉意。
I must apologize for any inconvenience it may have caused you．
◎should not/ought (not) to have done 表示过去本(不)应该做某事而实际上没有做(做了)。
◎must have done 表示对过去已经发生的行为进行推测，意为“一定做了某事”，常用于肯定句。
◎can/could have done 表示本来能够做某事而实际上没有做；can't/couldn't have done表示对过去情况的否定推测。
◎may/might have done 表示对过去已发生行为的推测，意为“想必/也许/可能已经做了；本可以做(实际却没做)”。
◎needn't have done 表示过去本不必做某事而实际上已经做了。
◎You shouldn't have told him the bad news．
你本不该告诉他那个坏消息。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．Don't worry if you use up shampoo—I'll get some tomorrow．
2．These old men and women usually go to dance at their leisure time．
3．Air pollution is what most people are concerned about nowadays，because their health is under threat．
4．We had a woman patient who was recovering from a knee replacement operation(operate)．
5．The applicants(applicant) must meet the following qualifications: a diploma and working experience．
6．Several centuries ago，people realized that the advertisement(advertise) could help to sell goods．
7．The effect of the emission of the carbon dioxide on the environment is massive(mass)．
8．I am not only enthusiastic but also easy to get along with，which makes me qualified(qualify) for the voluntary work advertised (advertise) in the newspaper．
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．disturb
A．干扰，扰乱；打扰 B．弄乱 C．使焦虑，使不安
(1)Don't disturb the papers on my desk． B
(2)The letter shocked and disturbed me． C
(3)If you get up early，don't disturb others． A
2．wander
A．(思想)开小差，走神 B．闲逛，游荡 C．(目光)慢慢地移开
(1)His eyes wandered towards the photographs on the wall． C
(2)Don't let your mind wander in class． A
(3)Elizabeth wandered around the streets in the moonlight． B
3．(2022·全国乙卷)Can a small group of drones (无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and，at the same time，help railway operators save billions of euros each year？ A
A．经营者 B．操作人员 C．技工
4．I now understand why my brother favours the quiet． B
A．特别照顾 B．较喜欢 C．有助于，有利于
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．我对自己有点失望，我本该做得更好。
I'm a little disappointed in myself．I should have done better．
2．决定我们工作成果的不是我们做了多少，而是我们对工作投入了多少爱。
It is not how much we do but how much love we put into it that decides the results of our work．
3．我告诉了你朋友该怎样去那个旅馆，但或许我本应该开车送她去那里。
I told your friend how to get to the hotel，but perhaps I should have driven her there．
假定你是导游李华，得知外国友人对泰山很感兴趣，请你写一篇英语短文介绍泰山。
写作微练
①位于山东省的泰山是世界文化与自然双重遗产，是中国国家文化地标之一。
Mount Tai is located in Shandong Province．It is a world cultural and natural heritage，and one of the national cultural landmarks of China．
②它由150多座山峰组成，其优美的自然风景和文化遗迹吸引了几乎所有人的目光。
It is made up of more than 150 peaks．Its beautiful natural scenery and cultural relics have caught almost everyone's eye．
③大量游客在游览泰山的同时留下了很多垃圾。(状语从句的省略)
Massive tourists leave behind a lot of garbage while visiting Mount Tai．
④环保主义者支持政府采取措施来保护泰山。
Conservationists are in favour of the government taking measures to protect Mount Tai．
⑤只有这样人类与大自然才能真正地和谐共处。
Human beings can be genuinely in harmony with nature only in this way．
⑥欢迎大家在空闲时来泰山游玩。
All are welcome to visit Mount Tai at your leisure time．
句式升级
⑦用过去分词短语作定语改写句①
Mount Tai，located in Shandong Province，is a world cultural and natural heritage，and one of the national cultural landmarks of China.
⑧用定语从句改写句②
It is made up of more than 150 peaks，whose beautiful natural scenery and cultural relics have caught almost everyone's eye.
⑨用倒装句改写句⑤
Only in this way can human beings be genuinely in harmony with nature.
妙笔成篇
【参考范文】
I'm glad to know you are interested in Mount Tai．It's my pleasure to tell you something about it．
Mount Tai，located in Shandong Province，is a world cultural and natural heritage，and one of the national cultural landmarks of China．It is made up of more than 150 peaks，whose beautiful natural scenery and cultural relics have caught almost everyone's eye．However，massive tourists leave behind a lot of garbage while visiting Mount Tai．Therefore，conservationists are in favour of the government taking measures to protect Mount Tai．Only in this way can human beings be genuinely in harmony with nature．
All are welcome to visit Mount Tai at your leisure．I'm quite sure you will be impressed by its beauty．
语料积累
教材 语料 亮词 delicate；splendid；wetland；grassland；mirror-like；scenery；plateau；jungle；wander；disturb；favour；advertise
美句 1．As we pass Cuona Lake，I feel a sense of pride and achievement． 2．The words “railways like massive dragons are winding among the mountains” seem particularly vivid as I travel across the “roof of the world”． 3．Cuona Lake is so close to the railway that I want to reach out and touch its pale blue mirror-like surface．Water birds playing in the lake，and cattle and sheep wandering the grasslands bring the scenery to life．
拓展 语料 词块 jump/leap/spring to one's feet跳起来；get/rise to one's feet站起来；stride into the room大步走进房间；drag one's feet拖着脚步；tap/stamp one's feet跺脚；put one's feet up跷起脚休息；go jogging去慢跑；wander/stroll on campus在校园里漫步
句型 1．He shivered as his feet touched the cold floor． 当他的双脚一碰到冰冷的地板时，他哆嗦了一下。 2．She dragged her feet as she reluctantly followed her parents． 她不情愿地跟在父母后面，拖着脚步。 3．My feet slipped as I was about to shoot and I missed the ball． 当我正要射门的时候，我脚下滑了一下，一脚踢空。 4．Her eyes widened in surprise as she saw Helen rise to her feet． 当她看到海伦站起来时，她惊讶得睁大了眼睛。 5．Wandering/Strolling towards the museum，we chatted about what we would enjoy．(动词-ing形式短语作状语) 我们溜达着向博物馆走去，聊着我们会喜欢什么。
语料运用
①溜达着走向城市公园，我和我的朋友汤姆聊着公园里美丽的风景和镜子般的湖泊。
Wandering/Strolling towards the city park，my friend Tom and I chatted about the beautiful scenery and the mirror-like lake in the park．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
②我们大步走进公园，却发现垃圾在垃圾桶旁边的地上。
We strode into the park，only to find that litter lay on the ground next to a dustbin．
③我们俩都很恼火，愤怒地跺着脚，想着如何改变这种情况。
So annoyed were both of us that we stamped our feet in anger，thinking about how to change the situation．(倒装句)
④我突然想到一个好主意，我兴奋地跳了起来。
A good idea occurring to me，I sprang/jumped/leapt to my feet in excitement．
⑤我们冲到市政厅大楼，满头大汗，成功地说服了公职人员将旧的垃圾桶更换成新的，这样的垃圾桶可以把垃圾挤下去，而不需要经常清空。
We dashed to the building of the City Hall，our foreheads wet with sweat，and successfully persuaded the officers to replace the old dustbin with a new one that could squeeze trash down without being emptied often．
⑥在回家的路上，我们在路边的长凳上跷起脚休息，嘴角露出了快乐的笑容。
On the way home，we put our feet up on a roadside bench，with a happy smile rising on the corners of our mouth．
课时数智作业(二十四)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟)
(2024·河北秦皇岛二模)
Scientists are worried about the future of the axolotl (蝾螈)，an unusual Mexican salamander，and they're asking for help．A new program lets people “adopt” an axolotl to raise money to support efforts to save the endangered animal．
If an axolotl loses a leg，or even part of its heart，brain，or lungs，it can regrow them．Scientists have long been interested in this．Some people think the information could help solve some human medical problems．
The Mexican axolotl is only found naturally in Lake Xochimilco near Mexico City．This is not a big and open lake，but a collection of canals and smaller bodies of water．Sadly，axolotls are in trouble．The number of axolotls in Xochimilco has dropped by 99.5% in less than 20 years．Scientists used to find thousands of axolotls in a fairly small area．Now，they're only finding dozens．
There are a number of reasons for the drop in axolotls．One is that the water in the canals has become more and more polluted．Another is that there are invasive fish in the lake which are eating the axolotl's food and even their babies．
Scientists at Mexico's National Autonomous University(UNAM) have been working for years to try to protect the axolotls．Last year，the UNAM scientists started a program they called AdoptAxolotl．They asked people to donate money to help pay for efforts to save the axolotl．The program was a big hit，and raised more than $26，000．The money was used to help clean up some of Xochimilco's canals and for a program to raise axolotls in a safe environment．
This year，the scientists are trying AdoptAxolotl again．The program offers several ways for people to support axolotls．For $30，you can virtually “adopt” one of the animals for a month．Smaller donations can help pay for food for an axolotl．Larger donations are aimed at improving areas where axolotls live，and include a visit to the protected area where UNAM is raising axolotls．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了墨西哥蝾螈面临着严峻的生存危机，科学家们正致力于拯救这种濒危动物。
1．What have the scientists had an interest in？( )
A．How axolotls cure themselves．
B．Who can address medical problems．
C．How soon axolotls will go extinct．
D．Why some people focus on axolotls．
A [细节理解题。根据第二段第一、二句可知，科学家们对蝾螈如何治愈自己很感兴趣。故选A项。]
2．Why are the figures listed in paragraph 3？( )
A．To promote axolotl research．
B．To blame the Mexican residents．
C．To show the severe conditions．
D．To expand the habitat for axolotls．
C [推理判断题。根据第三段中“Sadly，axolotls are in trouble...Now，they're only finding dozens．”可推知，列出这些数字是为了显示蝾螈所处情况的严峻程度。故选C项。]
3．We can learn from the text that AdoptAxolotl __________．( )
A．collected enough money
B．turned out very popular
C．helped to build new canals
D．moved students at UNAM
B [细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The program was a big hit，and raised more than $26，000．”可知，这个项目结果非常受欢迎。故选B项。]
4．Which of the following is the best title for the text？( )
A．New Projects Are Needed to Protect Axolotls
B．Amazing Axolotls Live in Extreme Environments
C．Everyone Can Help to Stop Adopting Animals
D．Scientists Work to Save Mexican Axolotls
D [标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段第一句可知，文章主要介绍了墨西哥蝾螈面临着严峻的生存危机，科学家们正致力于拯救这种濒危动物。因此，D项“科学家努力拯救墨西哥蝾螈”契合文章主旨，适合作为标题。]
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟)
(2024·江苏苏锡常镇二模)
If you are trying to assess a person's character，make sure you do not rely too heavily on factors that can be misleading．Instead，observe the individual's ability to tell the truth and to commit． 1
You can tell a lot about a person's character by observing how he treats other people． 2 It may be difficult to determine how he treats different types of people if you only encounter him in a single environment，such as the workplace．It is often possible，however，to get some idea of his manner of interaction with different types of people through conversation with him．
Whether or not a person is honest says a lot about his character．The attitude a person has about honesty can also indicate what type of person he is． 3 To some degree the types of lies he may tell and his motives for doing so matter．
4 The word “commitment” often causes people to instantly think of close relationships．Whether a person can respect the vows (誓约) and agreements is usually an indication of character．
A person's character is affected by his attitude． 5 Attitude can affect many aspects of a person's life，including how hard he works and his ability to be supportive of others．
When you are trying to assess someone's character，remember that it consists of qualities and habits that form his identity．
A．More importantly，it's necessary to continue his inner struggle．
B．The level of commitment indicates the type of character he has．
C．There are many other things in life that may require commitment．
D．This includes both people he knows and people he does not know．
E．Also，pay attention to his attitude and try to distinguish how it impacts his life．
F．Observe the person's conversations and try to determine how often he tells lies．
G．Some people generally have a negative outlook while others may try to be positive even in difficult situations．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何评估一个人的性格，给出了具体的方法和建议。
1．E [根据本段前文可知，此处在讲述应该从哪些方面去评估一个人的性格，所以E项符合此处主题，承接上文，讲述通过他的态度去评估一个人的性格。]
2．D [根据本段前文可知，D项是对前句提及的“别人”的详细补充，符合文意。]
3．F [根据本段前文可知，本段主要讲述了通过观察一个人是否诚实来评估他的性格，所以F项符合本段主题。]
4．B [根据本段后文可知，本段主要讲述通过观察一个人是否能遵守承诺来评估一个人的性格，所以B项符合本段主题，其中commitment为同词复现。]
5．G [根据前文“A person's character is affected by his attitude．”可知，本段主要讲述一个人对事物的态度会影响他的性格，所以G项是对前文的详细解释，符合文意。]
Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟)
(2024·山东泰安一模)
Every day，thousands of tourists from around the world plan their trips to the Great Wall of China．
Despite the wall's 5，500-odd miles，1．__________(spread) from east to west across the country，most travelers find 2．__________(them) at either the Badaling or Mutianyu sections，the two areas closest to Beijing．These visitors rise early from their downtown hotels，pack themselves into buses and wait in long queues 3．__________(see) the magnificent structures that consist of the Great Wall．
But what if there was another way
An hour-long drive north of the 4．__________(crowd) capital is Commune by the Great Wall，a popular weekend getaway for Beijingers，5．__________ a series of modern buildings includes a luxury hotel，with award-winning design among yellow-leaved gingko trees．It is not only the rural surroundings 6．__________ attract travelers to the town of Yangqing．Beyond the usual services—an expansive breakfast buffet and cozy bed sheets—Commune by the Great Wall 7．__________(provide) a rare opportunity to simply walk to the Wall．Just 20 minutes by foot from the hotel reception 8．__________(be) the Shuiguan section of the Wall．
Commune by the Great Wall won 9．__________ special praise at the Venice Architecture Biennale in 2002，the year the 12 core buildings 10．__________(complete)．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了长城脚下的公社，这是北京人周末度假的好去处，这里有一系列现代建筑，包括一家豪华酒店，设计屡获殊荣，坐落在黄叶银杏树之间。
1．spreading [考查非谓语动词。spread与逻辑主语the wall's 5，500-odd miles构成主动关系，故用动词-ing形式作状语。故填spreading。]
2．themselves [考查代词。此处指发现“他们自己”应用反身代词。故填themselves。]
3．to see [考查非谓语动词。设空处在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to see。]
4．crowded [考查词性转换。修饰名词capital应用形容词，故填crowded。]
5．where [考查定语从句。定语从句修饰先行词Commune，在从句作地点状语，故填where。]
6．that [考查强调句。此处是强调句型It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他，本句强调事物，故填that。]
7．provides [考查动词时态。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为Commune，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填provides。]
8．is [考查动词时态和主谓一致。此处为倒装句，且陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为the Shuiguan section of the Wall，谓语用单数。故填is。]
9．a [考查冠词。此处praise为泛指，且special是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。]
10．were completed [考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文in 2002，the year可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为the 12 core buildings，谓语用复数。故填were completed。]
1 / 19课时数智作业(二十四)
选择性必修第一册 Unit 6 Nurturing nature
Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟)
(2024·河北秦皇岛二模)
Scientists are worried about the future of the axolotl (蝾螈)，an unusual Mexican salamander，and they're asking for help．A new program lets people “adopt” an axolotl to raise money to support efforts to save the endangered animal．
If an axolotl loses a leg，or even part of its heart，brain，or lungs，it can regrow them．Scientists have long been interested in this．Some people think the information could help solve some human medical problems．
The Mexican axolotl is only found naturally in Lake Xochimilco near Mexico City．This is not a big and open lake，but a collection of canals and smaller bodies of water．Sadly，axolotls are in trouble．The number of axolotls in Xochimilco has dropped by 99.5% in less than 20 years．Scientists used to find thousands of axolotls in a fairly small area．Now，they're only finding dozens．
There are a number of reasons for the drop in axolotls．One is that the water in the canals has become more and more polluted．Another is that there are invasive fish in the lake which are eating the axolotl's food and even their babies．
Scientists at Mexico's National Autonomous University(UNAM) have been working for years to try to protect the axolotls．Last year，the UNAM scientists started a program they called AdoptAxolotl．They asked people to donate money to help pay for efforts to save the axolotl．The program was a big hit，and raised more than $26，000．The money was used to help clean up some of Xochimilco's canals and for a program to raise axolotls in a safe environment．
This year，the scientists are trying AdoptAxolotl again．The program offers several ways for people to support axolotls．For $30，you can virtually “adopt” one of the animals for a month．Smaller donations can help pay for food for an axolotl．Larger donations are aimed at improving areas where axolotls live，and include a visit to the protected area where UNAM is raising axolotls．
1．What have the scientists had an interest in？( )
A．How axolotls cure themselves．
B．Who can address medical problems．
C．How soon axolotls will go extinct．
D．Why some people focus on axolotls．
2．Why are the figures listed in paragraph 3？( )
A．To promote axolotl research．
B．To blame the Mexican residents．
C．To show the severe conditions．
D．To expand the habitat for axolotls．
3．We can learn from the text that AdoptAxolotl __________．( )
A．collected enough money
B．turned out very popular
C．helped to build new canals
D．moved students at UNAM
4．Which of the following is the best title for the text？( )
A．New Projects Are Needed to Protect Axolotls
B．Amazing Axolotls Live in Extreme Environments
C．Everyone Can Help to Stop Adopting Animals
D．Scientists Work to Save Mexican Axolotls
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟)
(2024·江苏苏锡常镇二模)
If you are trying to assess a person's character，make sure you do not rely too heavily on factors that can be misleading．Instead，observe the individual's ability to tell the truth and to commit． 1
You can tell a lot about a person's character by observing how he treats other people． 2 It may be difficult to determine how he treats different types of people if you only encounter him in a single environment，such as the workplace．It is often possible，however，to get some idea of his manner of interaction with different types of people through conversation with him．
Whether or not a person is honest says a lot about his character．The attitude a person has about honesty can also indicate what type of person he is． 3 To some degree the types of lies he may tell and his motives for doing so matter．
4 The word “commitment” often causes people to instantly think of close relationships．Whether a person can respect the vows (誓约) and agreements is usually an indication of character．
A person's character is affected by his attitude． 5 Attitude can affect many aspects of a person's life，including how hard he works and his ability to be supportive of others．
When you are trying to assess someone's character，remember that it consists of qualities and habits that form his identity．
A．More importantly，it's necessary to continue his inner struggle．
B．The level of commitment indicates the type of character he has．
C．There are many other things in life that may require commitment．
D．This includes both people he knows and people he does not know．
E．Also，pay attention to his attitude and try to distinguish how it impacts his life．
F．Observe the person's conversations and try to determine how often he tells lies．
G．Some people generally have a negative outlook while others may try to be positive even in difficult situations．
Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟)
(2024·山东泰安一模)
Every day，thousands of tourists from around the world plan their trips to the Great Wall of China．
Despite the wall's 5，500-odd miles，1．__________(spread) from east to west across the country，most travelers find 2．__________(them) at either the Badaling or Mutianyu sections，the two areas closest to Beijing．These visitors rise early from their downtown hotels，pack themselves into buses and wait in long queues 3．__________(see) the magnificent structures that consist of the Great Wall．
But what if there was another way
An hour-long drive north of the 4．__________(crowd) capital is Commune by the Great Wall，a popular weekend getaway for Beijingers，5．__________ a series of modern buildings includes a luxury hotel，with award-winning design among yellow-leaved gingko trees．It is not only the rural surroundings 6．__________ attract travelers to the town of Yangqing．Beyond the usual services—an expansive breakfast buffet and cozy bed sheets—Commune by the Great Wall 7．__________(provide) a rare opportunity to simply walk to the Wall．Just 20 minutes by foot from the hotel reception 8．__________(be) the Shuiguan section of the Wall．
Commune by the Great Wall won 9．__________ special praise at the Venice Architecture Biennale in 2002，the year the 12 core buildings 10．__________(complete)．
1 / 4核心 词汇 1．__________ adj．壮丽的 2．_________ n．空闲，闲暇 3．___________ n．辐射 4．________ v．徘徊 5．_________ n．风景，景色 6．________ n．(热带)丛林 7．___________ n．申请者 8．_________ adj．真的，真正的 9．________ n．薪金，工资 10．_______ n．腰，腰部
阅读 词汇 1．__________ adj．脆弱的 2．__________ n．地标 3．____________ n．永久冻土层 4．_________ adj．西藏的 5．__________ n．羚羊 6．wetland n．____ 7．grassland n．____ 8．mirror-like adj．_______ 9．plateau n．____ 10．emission n．_________
拓展 词汇 1．steadily adv．平稳地→________ adj．稳定的，持续的 2．massive adj．巨大的→______ n．块，团；堆 3．economy n．经济→__________ adj．经济的 4．disturb v．干扰，扰乱→____________ adj．令人不安的→_____________ n．打扰；骚乱 5．operator n．经营者→_________ v．经营；操作→___________ n．操作；经营；运转；手术 6．conservationist n．(动植物或古旧建筑的)保护工作者；环境保护主义者→______________ n．保护→__________ v．保护；保存；节省；节约 7．applicant n．申请人→_______ v．申请→_____________ n．申请；应用 8．favour n．支持，赞同→____________ adj．支持的；有利的；优惠的；给人好印象的 9．advertise v．(为……)做广告(宣传)→_______________ n．广告→_____________ n．广告活动；广告业→____________ n．广告商 10．negotiable adj．可协商的→___________ v．谈判，协商→_____________ n．谈判，协商 11．preference n．优先(权)→________ v．更喜欢，偏爱 12．qualification n．技能条件，资格→_________ v．取得资格；使具有资格→___________ adj．有资格的；称职的
高频 短语 1．__________________ 空闲时 2．______________ 支持，赞同 3．________________________ 高度重视的问题之一 4．_________________ 吸引某人的注意 5．__________________ 位于…… 6．___________ 伸出(手) 7．_________________ 使……充满生机 8．use up ____ 9．in harmony with... _______ 10．overcome the challenges ______ 11．highlight the importance of... __________ 12．be made up of... _______ 13．under threat from... _________ 14．in addition to... ___________ 15．become aware of ________
句型 公式 1．How to protect the delicate ecosystem was among the top concerns．(“疑问词＋不定式”作主语) 怎样保护脆弱的生态系统是最令人关注的问题之一。 2．The first landmark to catch my eye is the splendid Qingshuihe Bridge，the world's longest bridge built over permafrost．(不定式短语作后置定语) 最先映入眼帘的地标性建筑是壮观的清水河大桥，它是世界上最长的高原冻土(铁路)桥。 3．Key duties include exploring the islands of the reef and finding out what the area has to offer． (动词-ing形式短语作宾语) 主要职责包括探索大堡礁的各个岛屿，并且探寻当地的自然资源。 4．Ben later joked that the job should have been advertised not as the “best”，but the “busiest job in the world”！(should have done；not...but...) 本后来开玩笑说，这份工作不应该被宣传为“最好的”，而应该是“世界上最忙的工作”！ 5．Whether it was a genuine job offer or an eye-catching marketing event isn't really important．(whether...or...引导主语从句) 不管这是一个真正的工作机会，还是一场吸引眼球的营销活动，其实都不重要。
I am writing to apply for the voluntary work to protect the animals，1．_______ you have advertised in the newspaper．
As 2．____ applicant，I have the following qualifications．First of all，at my leisure，I have a preference for reading books concerning animals，3．________(make) up my mind to be a conservationist．When I 4．____________________(travel) to the massive Tibetan Plateau，I saw some antelopes wandering on the grassland．While enjoying the splendid Tibetan scenery，I was 5．_________ (worry)，because the development of economy 6．___________________________________ (disturb) those delicate 7．_________(animal) in the past decade．As a genuine conservationist，I'm in favour of living 8．______________ (harmony) with animals．I hold the 9．________ (believe) that I'm qualified．
I would appreciate 10．____ if you could take my application into account．And I will be looking forward to your early reply．
1．disturb v．干扰，扰乱；使不安；使烦恼
①Very annoyed and ___________ (disturb)，she walked slowly toward the door．
②It __________ (disturb) me greatly to know that I can't accompany you to the bookstore on time．
③When a helicopter lands，it can cause a _____________ (disturb) to local residents．
④(人教版选择性必修第四册Unit 1)Now she was being looked after by a robot that looked so human，and it was ____________(disturb)．
应用文写作之告知信
我对最近发生的自然灾害的消息感到不安，这些灾害影响了很多人。
I ___________________________________ of the recent natural disasters that have affected so many people．
◎It disturbs sb．that...让某人不安的是……
It disturbs sb．to do sth．做某事让某人不安。
◎disturbing adj．令人不安的
◎disturbed adj．烦恼的，心烦意乱的
be disturbed by/about/at 对……感到忧虑/不安
be disturbed to do sth．对做某事感到不安
◎disturbance n．(受)打扰，干扰；骚乱，骚动；失调，紊乱
◎Very annoyed and disturbed，she walked slowly toward the door．
她非常恼火和不安，慢慢地向门口走去。
2．operator n．经营者；操作人员，技工；电话员，接线员
①The __________ (operate) has to be able to carry out routine maintenance of the machine．
②And then in late November，Tilly had an ___________ (operate) on her leg．
③The project which was agreed on last month will be put ______ operation soon．
④Having seen the X-ray，the doctor decided to operate _________ the patient．
应用文写作之通知
新法律于明日午夜生效。
The new law ___________________________ by midnight tomorrow．
◎operate v．运转，工作；操作，控制；(对……)动手术
operate on/upon...给……做手术
◎operation n．手术；运转，操作
put...into operation 投入使用；开始试行；投入运营
come/go into operation 开始工作/运转/生效
◎The experienced doctors，dedicated to saving lives，operated on the injured victims one by one．
经验丰富的医生们，致力于拯救生命，为一个接一个的伤者做手术。
3．favour n．支持，赞同v．偏袒，偏爱；支持，更喜欢；有利于
①____________(favour) policies are in effect to encourage employees' professional development．
②He listened attentively，and responded ____________ (favour) to both my suggestions．
③His decisive action turned the whole situation ____ our favour．
词汇升级/一句多译
①Personally speaking，I totally favoured the proposal put forward at the meeting．
→Personally speaking，I was totally ______________ the proposal put forward at the meeting．
②我写这封信是希望你能够在即将到来的面试中帮我一个忙。
a．I'm writing this letter，___________________________________________．
b．I'm writing this letter，_________________________________________________．
◎in favour of 支持，赞同
ask sb．a favour＝ask a favour of sb．请某人帮忙
do sb．a favour＝do a favour for sb．帮某人的忙
in sb．'s favour 对某人有利
◎favourable adj．给人好印象的；赞同的，支持的；有利的，有助于……的
◎favourite adj．最喜欢的 n．最喜爱的人或事物
◎favourably adv．顺利地；有利地
◎Knowing that you have relevant experience，I'm writing to ask you a favour/ask a favour of you．
得知你有相关经验，我写信是想请你帮忙。
4．negotiable adj．可协商的，可讨论的；可通行的；流通的；可兑现的；可转让的
①He has insisted that his organization will not negotiate ______ the government．
②It is reported that the exact details of the agreement are still _______ negotiation．
③The rent is ____________ (negotiate) with the landlord and depends on when you can move in and how long you will rent．
应用文写作之建议信
参加课外活动使我们能够学习如何与其他学生进行协商和合作。
Participating in extra-curricular activities enables us to learn _____________________________________ other students．
◎negotiate v．谈判，磋商，协商；商定；达成(协议)
negotiate with sb．for/about sth．和某人协商某事；就某事和某人谈判
◎negotiation n．(尤指商业或政治方面的)谈判，协商，磋商
under negotiation 在协商中
◎The negotiation broke down because one side refused to obey the rules．
谈判破裂了，因为一方拒绝遵守规则。
5．qualification n．技能条件，资格
①I think I'm well ___________ (qualify) for the accountant position here．
②He's been informed that he doesn't qualify _____ the scholarship because of his academic background．
③(人教版选择性必修第二册Unit 2)Xie Lei is studying for a business _______________(qualify) at a university in China and has come to our university on a year-long exchange programme．
④I believe my academic background and work experience will qualify me _____ this position．
一句多译
任何精通物理和历史知识的人都有资格担任这个职位。
①Whoever has a good knowledge of physics and history ____________________ ________________．(qualified)
②Whoever has a good knowledge of physics and history _______________________ ___________________．(qualification)
◎have qualifications for...有资格做……
◎qualify v．取得资格；使合格；(使)有资格
qualify for 有……资格/取得……的资格
qualify sb．to do sth．使某人有资格做某事
◎qualified adj．有资格的，合格的，胜任的
be qualified for 有……资格，胜任……
◎As far as I'm concerned，I'm qualified for the voluntary job．
在我看来，我能胜任这项志愿工作。
6．[教材原句]Ben later joked that the job should have been advertised not as the “best”，but the “busiest job in the world”！(should have done)
本后来开玩笑说，这份工作不应该被宣传为“最好的”，而应该是“世界上最繁忙的工作”！
①My sister came home with a broad smile on her face．She must _____________ (pass) the driving test．
②I couldn't _______________ (finish) the report without your timely help．Thank you so much!
③I needn't ______________ (worry) before I came to my new school，for my classmates here are very friendly to me．
④I thought he would be on time for the meeting，but he was late．He should ___________(leave) home earlier．
⑤He didn't answer his phone，so I think he may ___________(be) busy with work and not heard it ring．
应用文写作之道歉信
为此事可能给你带来的任何不便，我深表歉意。
I must apologize for any inconvenience ____________________ you．
◎should not/ought (not) to have done 表示过去本(不)应该做某事而实际上没有做(做了)。
◎must have done 表示对过去已经发生的行为进行推测，意为“一定做了某事”，常用于肯定句。
◎can/could have done 表示本来能够做某事而实际上没有做；can't/couldn't have done表示对过去情况的否定推测。
◎may/might have done 表示对过去已发生行为的推测，意为“想必/也许/可能已经做了；本可以做(实际却没做)”。
◎needn't have done 表示过去本不必做某事而实际上已经做了。
◎You shouldn't have told him the bad news．
你本不该告诉他那个坏消息。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．Don't worry if you use ____ shampoo—I'll get some tomorrow．
2．These old men and women usually go to dance ____ their leisure time．
3．Air pollution is what most people are concerned about nowadays，because their health is _______ threat．
4．We had a woman patient who was recovering from a knee replacement ___________(operate)．
5．The ____________(applicant) must meet the following qualifications: a diploma and working experience．
6．Several centuries ago，people realized that the _______________(advertise) could help to sell goods．
7．The effect ____ the emission of the carbon dioxide on the environment is _________(mass)．
8．I am not only enthusiastic but also easy to get along with，which makes me ___________(qualify) for the voluntary work ____________ (advertise) in the newspaper．
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．disturb
A．干扰，扰乱；打扰 B．弄乱 C．使焦虑，使不安
(1)Don't disturb the papers on my desk． ___
(2)The letter shocked and disturbed me． ___
(3)If you get up early，don't disturb others． ___
2．wander
A．(思想)开小差，走神 B．闲逛，游荡 C．(目光)慢慢地移开
(1)His eyes wandered towards the photographs on the wall． ___
(2)Don't let your mind wander in class． ___
(3)Elizabeth wandered around the streets in the moonlight． ___
3．(2022·全国乙卷)Can a small group of drones (无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and，at the same time，help railway operators save billions of euros each year？ ___
A．经营者 B．操作人员 C．技工
4．I now understand why my brother favours the quiet． ___
A．特别照顾 B．较喜欢 C．有助于，有利于
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．我对自己有点失望，我本该做得更好。
I'm a little disappointed in myself．I _________________________．
2．决定我们工作成果的不是我们做了多少，而是我们对工作投入了多少爱。
It is _____________________________________________________ that decides the results of our work．
3．我告诉了你朋友该怎样去那个旅馆，但或许我本应该开车送她去那里。
I told your friend _________________________，but perhaps I should have driven her there．
假定你是导游李华，得知外国友人对泰山很感兴趣，请你写一篇英语短文介绍泰山。
写作微练
①位于山东省的泰山是世界文化与自然双重遗产，是中国国家文化地标之一。
Mount Tai is located in Shandong Province．It is a world cultural and natural heritage，and _________________________________________________．
②它由150多座山峰组成，其优美的自然风景和文化遗迹吸引了几乎所有人的目光。
It _______________ more than 150 peaks．Its beautiful _________________ and cultural relics ___________________________________．
③大量游客在游览泰山的同时留下了很多垃圾。(状语从句的省略)
__________________ leave behind a lot of garbage __________________________．
④环保主义者支持政府采取措施来保护泰山。
___________________________________ the government taking measures to protect Mount Tai．
⑤只有这样人类与大自然才能真正地和谐共处。
Human beings can be __________________________________ only in this way．
⑥欢迎大家在空闲时来泰山游玩。
All are welcome to visit Mount Tai ______________________．
句式升级
⑦用过去分词短语作定语改写句①
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
⑧用定语从句改写句②
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
⑨用倒装句改写句⑤
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
妙笔成篇
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
语料积累
教材 语料 亮词 delicate；splendid；wetland；grassland；mirror-like；scenery；plateau；jungle；wander；disturb；favour；advertise
美句 1．As we pass Cuona Lake，I feel a sense of pride and achievement． 2．The words “railways like massive dragons are winding among the mountains” seem particularly vivid as I travel across the “roof of the world”． 3．Cuona Lake is so close to the railway that I want to reach out and touch its pale blue mirror-like surface．Water birds playing in the lake，and cattle and sheep wandering the grasslands bring the scenery to life．
拓展 语料 词块 jump/leap/spring to one's feet跳起来；get/rise to one's feet站起来；stride into the room大步走进房间；drag one's feet拖着脚步；tap/stamp one's feet跺脚；put one's feet up跷起脚休息；go jogging去慢跑；wander/stroll on campus在校园里漫步
句型 1．He shivered as his feet touched the cold floor． 当他的双脚一碰到冰冷的地板时，他哆嗦了一下。 2．She dragged her feet as she reluctantly followed her parents． 她不情愿地跟在父母后面，拖着脚步。 3．My feet slipped as I was about to shoot and I missed the ball． 当我正要射门的时候，我脚下滑了一下，一脚踢空。 4．Her eyes widened in surprise as she saw Helen rise to her feet． 当她看到海伦站起来时，她惊讶得睁大了眼睛。 5．Wandering/Strolling towards the museum，we chatted about what we would enjoy．(动词-ing形式短语作状语) 我们溜达着向博物馆走去，聊着我们会喜欢什么。
语料运用
①溜达着走向城市公园，我和我的朋友汤姆聊着公园里美丽的风景和镜子般的湖泊。
___________________________________________，my friend Tom and I chatted about the beautiful scenery and the mirror-like lake in the park．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
②我们大步走进公园，却发现垃圾在垃圾桶旁边的地上。
We ______________________，only to find that litter lay on the ground next to a dustbin．
③我们俩都很恼火，愤怒地跺着脚，想着如何改变这种情况。
________________________________________________________，thinking about how to change the situation．(倒装句)
④我突然想到一个好主意，我兴奋地跳了起来。
A good idea occurring to me，I _______________________________．
⑤我们冲到市政厅大楼，满头大汗，成功地说服了公职人员将旧的垃圾桶更换成新的，这样的垃圾桶可以把垃圾挤下去，而不需要经常清空。
We dashed to the building of the City Hall，______________________________，and successfully persuaded the officers to replace the old dustbin with a new one that could squeeze trash down without being emptied often．
⑥在回家的路上，我们在路边的长凳上跷起脚休息，嘴角露出了快乐的笑容。
On the way home，we _________________ on a roadside bench，with a happy smile rising on the corners of our mouth．
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