核心 词汇 1．__________ n．体育场，运动场 2．__________ n．抵触，冲突，矛盾 3．__________ n．学说，理论 4．__________ n．一连串，一系列；链子，链条 5．__________ n．印象，感想 6．__________ adj．随机的，随意的 7．__________ n．包裹；邮包 8．__________ vt．& n．发表，发布；释放 9．__________ n．成语，习语；警句 10．__________ n．一家人，同住一栋房子的人 11．__________ n．纽带，联系 12．__________ adj．挺的，硬的，不易弯曲的 13．__________ vi．& vt．呆住；突然停止；(使)结冰，(使)冻结 14．__________ vt．握紧，抱紧 n．紧握，紧抱 15．__________ vi．继续进行，继续做 16．__________ vt．展现，显露；揭示，揭露 17．__________ n．& vi．叹息，叹气 18．__________ n．绝望 19．__________ n．& vi．胆敢，敢于 20．__________ adj．空的，无装饰的；赤裸的，裸露的 21．__________ n．& vi．颤抖，哆嗦，发抖 22．__________ n．骨头；骨质物 23．__________ n．& vi．& vt．抽噎，啜泣；哭诉 24．__________ vi．扑向，急冲进；跳水，潜水 25．__________ vi．皱眉 26．__________ n．原谅，宽恕 27．__________ n．债务，欠款
阅读 词汇 1．__________ n．诊所，(医院)门诊部 2．__________ n．美术馆，画廊 3．__________ n．(工厂、学校等的)食堂，餐厅 4．__________ n．(互联网上的)论坛，讨论区；讨论会，电视专题讨论节目 5．__________ n．共和国 6．__________ n．贷款 7．__________ n．公文，文件 8．__________ n．超级市场；食品杂货 9．__________ n．人际关系网，联络网；网络，网状系统 10．__________ adj．两月一次的；一月两次的 11．__________ n．孤儿 12．bakery n．__________ 13．cafeteria n．__________ 14．suburb n．__________ 15．intervention n．__________ 16．friction n．__________ 17．sociologist n．__________ 18．closely-knit adj．__________ 19．outskirts n．__________ 20．gable n．__________ 21．tear-stained adj．__________ 22．faucet n．__________ 23．pillow n．__________ 24．resolutely adv．__________ 25．emperor n．__________
拓展 词汇 1．agree vi．& vt．同意→__________ n．意见不合，分歧，争论→__________ n．同意；(意见)一致；协定→__________ vi．不同意 2．envy n．羡慕，忌妒vt．羡慕，妒忌→__________ adj．羡慕的；妒忌的 3．encourage vt．鼓励；激励→__________ n．鼓励，鼓舞；起激励作用的事物→__________ adj．鼓舞人心的 4．disturb vt．干扰，打扰，使中断→__________ n．干扰；(受)打扰→__________ adj．令人不安的 5．apologise vi．道歉，谢罪→__________ n．道歉；歉意 6．add vt．增加；添加；补充说→__________ adv．除此之外，此外→__________ adj．额外的；附加的→__________ n．添加；增加；加法；[C]附加物 7．frequent adj．经常发生的，频繁的→__________ adv．经常地，频繁地→__________ n．频繁；发生率；频率 8．consequent adj．随之发生的；作为结果的→__________ n．后果→__________ adv．因此；所以；结果 9．adopt vi．& vt．收养，领养；采取某种方法、政策、态度等→__________ n．收养；采纳，采用→__________ adj．收养的，领养的 10．amaze vt．使大为吃惊；使惊愕→__________ n．吃惊，惊奇→__________ adj．令人大为惊奇的→__________ adj．惊讶的 11．investigate vi．& vt．查明，调查，侦查→__________ n．调查 12．appeal vi．有吸引力 vi．& vt．呼吁，恳请；上诉→__________ adj．有吸引力的；恳求的 13．sorrow n．悲伤，悲痛；不幸→__________ adj．悲痛的；悲哀的 14．interrupt vi．& vt．打断(某人的)讲话，中断(某人的)行动，打扰→__________ n．打扰；阻断物 15．legal adj．法律的；法律允许的，合法的→__________ adj．不合法的
高频 短语 1．__________ 闲待，厮混 2．__________ 突然……起来(尤指唱 歌、哭、笑等) 3．__________ 指的是；提到；查阅 4．__________预期要做某事 5．__________ 熄灭；扑灭 6．__________ 号召 7．__________ 以……为基础 8．__________ 仅仅；至多 9．__________ (用车)接；捡起；(偶然)学会；好转 10．be close to__________ 11．be connected to__________ 12．intend to do sth．__________ 13．in amazement__________ 14．send off__________ 15．come along__________ 16．decide on__________
句型 公式 1．．．．and once released，the results were published in the bimonthly magazine Psychology Today．(once＋过去分词作状语) ……结果一经公布，就发表在双月刊《今日心理学》上。 2．I might have expected it．I might have known it was all too beautiful to last．I might have known nobody really did want me．(情态动词＋have done) 我可能已经预料到了。我可能知道这一切都太美好了，无法持久。我可能知道没有人真的想要我。 3．Well，well，there's no need to cry so about it．(there is no need to do．．．) 好啦，好啦，没必要为这事儿哭成这样。 4．Midway between table and bed was the window，with an icy white curtain over it．(with的复合结构) 桌子和床的中间是一扇窗户，上面挂着一块冰冷的白窗帘。 5．You would cry，too，if you were an orphan and had come to a place you thought was going to be home and found that they didn't want you because you weren't a boy．(if 引导的虚拟条件句) 如果你是个孤儿，来到一个满以为会成为自己家的地方，却发现他们并不想要你，因为你不是个男孩，你也会哭的。 6．To bed went Matthew．And to bed，when she had put her dishes away，went Marilla，frowning most resolutely．(介词短语位于句首引起完全倒装) 马修上床睡觉了。玛丽拉收拾完盘子，紧紧地皱着眉头，也回到房间休息了。
The students were asked to talk about what left the deepest 1．__________ (impress) on them．What impressed Ben most was that his family moved frequently．There was a time when the household had to move bimonthly．He once lived in a neighbourhood where there were a clinic，a gallery，a grocery，a stadium or a bakery．The reason why Ben's family moved frequently was that Ben would hang out with other guys every night，2．__________ disturbed his neighbours and caused a chain of trouble．His parents had to apologise to others and ask for 3．__________ (forgive)．Frictions often appeared．
Jay was an orphan．He remembered living in 4．__________ small house with bare walls．It was freezing cold in winter．5．__________ no hot water，he hated the faucet，which sent him shivers through the bones in winter．His hands were often stiff because of the extreme cold．
Jenny remembered her mother bursting into tears one night．She sighed with a tear-stained face，complaining about loans and debts all the time．Jenny 6．__________ (sob)，pressed her face down into the pillow and clasped the bedclothes，7．__________ (feel) in the depths of despair．
Thomas remembered conflicting with his parents about his future career．His parents appealed him 8．__________ (study) law，but he was tired of dealing with legal documents．This disagreement existed for a long time．9．__________ (consequent)，Thomas left home with a small parcel and 10．__________ (work) as a sociologist ever since．
1．conflict [课本义] n．抵触，冲突，矛盾 [增补义]n．争执 v．冲突；抵触
①The supply has been __________ conflict with the demand since last year．
②Having disagreements with your parents does not necessarily mean you must come into conflict __________ them．
应用文写作之观点表达
另一方面，时尚是我们生活中必不可少的一部分，这与我们的学习并不冲突。
For another，fashion is an essential part of our life，which __________________________________ our studies．
◎come into conflict with．．．和……冲突(表动作)
◎(be) in conflict (with．．．)(和……)冲突(表状态)
◎conflict with．．．与……冲突
◎(2024·北京卷)Conflict was often resolved in musical battles．
冲突常常在音乐战争中得到解决。
2．envy n．羡慕，忌妒 vt．羡慕，妒忌
①He was sure that other drivers looked at him __________ envy．
②He saw the __________ (envy) look in the other boy's eyes．
③He is in the __________ (envy) position of having two job offers to choose from．
④Treat the flowers right and your garden will be __________ envy of the neighbourhood．
完成句子
她羡慕我们的家庭氛围，我们的父母向我们显现出了很多爱意。
She ________________________________________ where our parents showed us much affection．
◎envy sb．(doing) sth．羡慕某人(做)某事
◎with envy羡慕地
◎be the envy of．．．成为……忌妒/羡慕的对象
◎envious adj．羡慕的；忌妒的
◎be envious of．．．羡慕……
◎enviable adj．令人羡慕的；引起忌妒的
◎China is developing so fast that it has been the envy of the world．
中国发展如此之迅速，已成为全世界羡慕的对象。
3．apologise vi．道歉，谢罪
①I owe you an apology __________ the mistake I have made．
②I have to make an __________ (apologise) to you for taking your parcel home by mistake．
一句多译
我认为你应该为你的错误向老师道歉。
①I think you should ________________________________________ your error．(apologise)
②I think you should ________________________________________ your error．(apology)
◎apologise to sb．for (doing) sth．为(做)某事而向某人道歉
◎apology n．道歉；歉意
◎owe sb．an apology＝owe an apology to sb．应该向某人表示歉意
◎make an apology to sb．(for．．．)(为……)向某人道歉
◎If you want to break down the misunderstanding，you should apologise to her face to face．
如果你想消除误会，你应该当面向她道歉。
4．consequence n．后果
①(译林版选择性必修第三册Unit 4)Every day，thousands of tourists climbing up the narrow stone steps are wearing down these ancient buildings and the long-term __________ (consequence) could lead to irreparable destruction of the internal structure．
②As __________ consequence，children become so reliant on their parents that they have no independent thought or creative ideas．
③Drunk driving has been banned．__________ (consequent)，the traffic accidents are decreasing．
词汇升级
(普通表达)All flights have been delayed as a result of the heavy fog．
(高级表达)All flights have been delayed ____________________________ the heavy fog．
◎as a consequence＝in consequence结果，因此
◎as a consequence of＝in consequence of由于；因为……的缘故
◎be of no consequence (to sb．)(对某人)无关紧要
◎consequent adj．随之发生的；作为结果的
◎consequently adv．因此；所以；结果
◎If the problem had been dealt with in this way，it wouldn't have caused such a serious consequence．
如果这个问题用这种方式处理，就不会造成这么严重的后果了。
5．adopt [课本义]vi．& vt．收养，领养；采取某种方法、政策、态度等 [增补义]vt．正式通过，表决采纳
①This couple treat their __________ (adopt) child as their own．
②We are talking about the __________ (adopt) of a new plan for the picnic．
完成句子
他沦为了孤儿，一个善良的女人收养他作为自己的儿子。
He was left an orphan and a kind woman ________________________________．
◎adopt an idea/a plan采纳意见/计划
◎adopt sb．as．．．收养某人为……
◎adoption n．采纳，采用；收养
◎adopted adj．收养的，领养的；移居的
◎Happiness will be within our reach，if we adopt a positive attitude towards/to life．
如果我们对生活采取一个积极的态度，幸福就触手可及。
6．appeal [课本义]vi．有吸引力 vi．& vt．呼吁，恳请；上诉 [增补义]n．呼吁；吸引力；上诉
①In addition，most newspapers had little in them that would appeal __________ a mass audience．
②The smell from the canteen was so __________ (appeal) that my stomach was growling．
应用文写作之演讲稿
在演讲的最后，我呼吁大家尽自己的一份力量来保护我们的校园。
At the end of my speech，I ________________________________________ to protect our schoolyard．
◎appeal to sb．for/to do．．．向某人呼吁……/恳求某人做……
◎appeal to sb．吸引某人
◎make an appeal to sb．for/to do sth．为某事向某人呼吁/恳求某人做某事
◎appealing adj．有吸引力的；恳求的
◎The festival，aiming to promote cultural exchanges，appealed to people from different countries．
该节日旨在促进文化交流，吸引了来自不同国家的人们。
7．burst into 突然……起来(尤指唱歌、哭、笑等)
①The aircraft crashed and burst __________ flames．
②His appearance on the platform was greeted with a burst __________ applause．
③Rubin burst out __________ (laugh) as he read the letter．
读后续写之情感描写
看到同学们因为她的愚蠢错误哄堂大笑，她突然哭了起来。
①Seeing her classmates ________________________________________ because of her foolish mistakes，she ________________________________________．(burst out)
②Seeing her classmates ________________________________________ because of her foolish mistakes，she ________________________________________．(burst into)
◎burst in突然闯进；破门而入
◎burst out crying(＝burst into tears)突然大哭起来
◎burst out laughing(＝burst into laughter)突然大笑起来
◎be bursting with sth．爆满；涨满
◎a burst of．．．一阵……
◎Much to my surprise，she burst into tears the instant she read this story．
让我大为吃惊的是，她一读到这个故事，就突然大哭起来。
8．pick up (用车)接；捡起；(偶然)学会；好转
①The hotel business always picks __________ in summer．
②Mike is so tall that he is easy to pick __________．
③Never pick __________ anybody who isn't your own size，son．
应用文写作之建议信
如果你去英国，你很快就会学会英语。
If you go to England you'll soon ________________________________________．
◎pick out挑选；辨别出，认出
◎pick on故意刁难；挑剔
◎The moment he picked up the phone，he seemed to know I was going to call．
他拿起电话的那一刻，他似乎就知道我要打电话。
9．[教材原句]I might have expected it．I might have known it was all too beautiful to last．I might have known nobody really did want me．(情态动词＋have done)
我可能已经预料到了。我可能知道这一切都太美好了，无法持久。我可能知道没有人真的想要我。
①I could __________ (leave) a better impression in the interview，but I ignored something important．
②You need not __________ (apologise) to him，because it was not your fault．
读后续写之心理描写
想到我可能伤害了她的感情，我就泪流满面。
It tears me apart to think ________________________________________．
◎might have done sth．过去可能发生某事但实际没发生；过去某事可能发生了
◎could have done sth．本能够做某事而未做
◎should have done sth．本应该做某事而未做
◎needn't have done sth．本不需要做某事而做了
◎He might have let something slip in a moment of weakness so I should forgive him．
他可能一时大意说漏了嘴，所以我应该原谅他。
10．[教材原句]Well，well，there's no need to cry so about it．(there is no need to do．．．)
好啦，好啦，没必要为这事儿哭成这样。
①There is no sense in __________ (get) upset about it now．
②There is no need __________ (worry) too much about the difficult problems；just take them one by one．
应用文写作之感谢信
我一切都很好。你没有必要担心。
Everything is fine with me．There is no need for you __________________________．
◎There is no need to do．．．没有必要做……
◎There is no point/sense in doing sth．做某事无意义
◎There is no need for parents to do everything for their children．
父母没有必要为孩子做所有的事情。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．The best thing to do would be to make an __________ (apologise) to her．
2．Since the __________ (adopt) of the new working method，the production has gone up．
3．The pain destroyed their soul and __________ (freeze) their mind in insentient panic．
4．Wendy kept warning her son not to hang __________ at midnight with his so-called friends．
5．I am really __________ (envy) of your good luck—it is a blessing to be offered help by a stranger when in trouble．
6．This __________ news really __________ me so that I didn't sleep well．(disturb)
7．Much to my __________，he was able to recite the whole point from __________ memory．(amaze)
8．Devoted to teaching，__________，he earned his students' trust，which led to other positive __________．(consequence)
9．Thanks to your __________，I made continuous and __________ progress in maths，and finally decided to study it in the university．(encourage)
10．He went to the hospital to see her __________，twice a day in fact．The high __________ finally made her fall in love with him．(frequent)
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．appeal
A．vi．呼吁，恳请 B．vi．上诉 C．vi．有吸引力 D．n．吸引力 E．n．恳求
(1)The community is appealing to everyone to save water． __________
(2)His appeal for forgiveness went unanswered． __________
(3)She is not satisfied with the decision made by the court and plans to appeal．
__________
(4)The procedure appealed to the staff a lot when it was introduced in January．
__________
(5)Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable，we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion． __________
2．freeze
A．vt．冷冻，冷藏 B．vi．结冰 C．vt．冻结(资金等) D．vi．惊呆，吓呆 E．vt．使冻结
(1)Water freezes when the temperature falls below 0 ℃． __________
(2)Ten degrees of frost had frozen the lock on the car． __________
(3)I'll freeze any food that's left over． __________
(4)The governor's action freezes 300，000 accounts． __________
(5)I froze with terror as the door slowly opened． __________
3．release
A．vt．发泄 B．n．发行物 C．n．解脱，轻松感 D．vt．发表；发布 E．vt．解雇
(1)She burst into tears，releasing all her depressed emotions． __________
(2)It's reported that Taylor Swift's new album is to be released next year．
__________
(3)The club is releasing some of its old players． __________
(4)When you do this you may feel a little，or large，release from the jail of your mind and you'll be on your way． __________
(5)Of the new releases that are on show，which do you think are really good？
__________
4．I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different cities． __________
A．链子 B．一连串 C．连锁商店
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．现在没有必要开车开得这么快了。(there is no need to do．．．)
____________________________________________________ so fast now．
2．如果你一大早就出发，你现在就不会这么匆忙了。(if 引导的虚拟条件句)
___________________________________________，you wouldn't be in such
haste now．
3．An ancient temple with a history of hundreds of years stands on the top of the hill．
→_________________________________________________ with a history of hundreds of years．(介词短语位于句首引起完全倒装)
作为高三学生的你，肯定在适应高中生活和人际交往方面颇有心得，请你写一篇英语演讲稿，和高一的学弟学妹们谈一谈如何快速适应高中生活以及如何处理好人际关系。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节。
写作微练
①我很荣幸能站在这里给大家做一个关于如何适应高中生活和与他人相处融洽的演讲。(adjust to，get along well with)
It is my privilege to stand here to give you a speech on ________________________．
②当我们步入高中时，我们可能会遇到各种各样的困难，但没有必要为此感到焦虑。(there is no need to do．．．)
________________________we are likely to meet various difficulties，but _____________________________________________．
③在我们将遇到的所有事情中，有一个就是如何与我们的同学和老师和谐相处，他们将在这段时间里对我们产生最大的影响。(who引导定语从句)
Among all matters we will meet is how to get along well with our classmates and teachers _______________________________ during this period．
④如果你在高中时没有朋友，你会觉得学校生活像死水一样无聊。(if引导的虚拟条件句)
If you ________________________ in high school，you ________________________ school life as boring as the dead water．
⑤因此，我呼吁你要诚实，避免与同学和老师发生冲突。(appeal；conflict)
As a consequence，I ________________________ that you should be honest and ______________________________________．
⑥一旦你与他人发生冲突，你首先应该足够勇敢地做出真诚的道歉。(apology)
Once you've come into conflict with others，you should be brave enough to ______________________________________ first．
⑦我们必须对他人表现出尊重、关心和支持，毫不犹豫地向那些需要帮助的人伸出援手。(分词短语作状语)
We must show respect，concern and sympathy for others，________________．
句式升级
⑧用状语从句的省略升级句②
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妙笔成篇
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语料积累
教材 语料 亮词 情感描写：envy；amazement；despair；resolutely；sorrow
动作描写：hang out；disturb；apologise；adopt；freeze；clasp；burst into；investigate；sigh；shiver；sob；dive；frown；appeal；interrupt
美句 1．“You're not eating anything，”said Marilla sharply，eying her as if it were a serious problem． 2．And upstairs，in the east gable，a lonely，heart-hungry，friendless child cried herself to sleep． 3．Sitting down on a chair by the table，throwing her arms on it，and burying her face in them，she proceeded to cry stormily． 4．But when her eyes fell on the odd little figure in the stiff，ugly dress，with the long red hair and the eager，bright eyes，she froze in amazement．
拓展 语料 单词 see看见；watch观看；observe观察；view把……视为；spot注意到，发现
语块 lock one's eyes on/stare at/gaze at目光锁定/盯着/凝视；take/cast a glance at．．．向……看了一眼；look sb．straight in the eye直视某人的眼睛；gape at目瞪口呆地看；come into view进入视野；eyes widen睁大眼睛；peep at/through偷看；glance at/around/back/up/down瞥一眼/环视/回头看/向上看/向下看；catch a glimpse of瞥见；steal a glance at偷偷瞥了一眼
句型 1．I tiptoed forward and glanced back over my shoulder from time to time to make sure that no one was following me． 我蹑手蹑脚地向前走，不时回头瞥一眼，以确保没有人在跟着我。 2．Seeing no other people notice me，I placed the Christmas present down，pounded the doorbell and then hid quickly behind a big tree，peeping at the doorway． 看到没有其他人注意到我，我放下圣诞礼物，按了门铃，然后迅速躲在一棵大树后面，向门口窥视。 3．James came out，glanced around and spotted the box，his eyes widening in surprise． 詹姆斯走了出来，环顾四周，发现了盒子，他惊讶地睁大了眼睛。 4．Watching what my sons had done，I couldn't help exclaiming，“How warm-hearted they are！” 看着我的儿子们所做的一切，我不禁惊呼：“他们是多么热心啊！”
语料运用
①随着圣诞节的临近，空气中充满了欢乐和兴奋。(with的复合结构)
_______________________________，the air was filled with joy and excitement．
②每个人都充满着幸福，谈论着即将到来的圣诞假期和礼物，却没有注意到珍妮泪眼中的悲伤。(分词短语作状语)
Everyone was overwhelmed by happiness，talking about the coming Christmas holiday and gifts，_____________________________________________．
③珍妮，一个在孤儿院长大的女孩，现在待在教室的角落里，眼睛盯着光秃秃的墙，陷入了沉思，仿佛处在绝望的深渊。(独立主格结构；状语从句的省略)
Jenny，a girl growing up in an orphanage，was now staying in the corner in the classroom，________________________，lost in thought _________________．
④幸运的是，她最终吸引了班长的注意，班长碰巧环顾四周，瞥见了珍妮。(who引导定语从句)
Fortunately，she finally attracted the attention of the monitor，__________．
⑤她直视着珍妮的眼睛，很快就明白了原因，并在下课后秘密召集同学，试图找到一个完美的方法来使珍妮开心。
She ________________________ and soon realized the reason and gathered her classmates secretly after class，trying to find a perfect way to please Jenny．
⑥最后，他们决定专门为她举办一场聚会。
Finally，they determined to ________________________ especially for her．
18/18核心 词汇 1．stadium n．体育场，运动场 2．conflict n．抵触，冲突，矛盾 3．theory n．学说，理论 4．chain n．一连串，一系列；链子，链条 5．impression n．印象，感想 6．random adj．随机的，随意的 7．parcel n．包裹；邮包 8．release vt．& n．发表，发布；释放 9．phrase n．成语，习语；警句 10．household n．一家人，同住一栋房子的人 11．bond n．纽带，联系 12．stiff adj．挺的，硬的，不易弯曲的 13．freeze vi．& vt．呆住；突然停止；(使)结冰，(使)冻结 14．clasp vt．握紧，抱紧 n．紧握，紧抱 15．proceed vi．继续进行，继续做 16．reveal vt．展现，显露；揭示，揭露 17．sigh n．& vi．叹息，叹气 18．despair n．绝望 19．dare n．& vi．胆敢，敢于 20．bare adj．空的，无装饰的；赤裸的，裸露的 21．shiver n．& vi．颤抖，哆嗦，发抖 22．bone n．骨头；骨质物 23．sob n．& vi．& vt．抽噎，啜泣；哭诉 24．dive vi．扑向，急冲进；跳水，潜水 25．frown vi．皱眉 26．forgiveness n．原谅，宽恕 27．debt n．债务，欠款
阅读 词汇 1．clinic n．诊所，(医院)门诊部 2．gallery n．美术馆，画廊 3．canteen n．(工厂、学校等的)食堂，餐厅 4．forum n．(互联网上的)论坛，讨论区；讨论会，电视专题讨论节目 5．republic n．共和国 6．loan n．贷款 7．document n．公文，文件 8．grocery n．超级市场；食品杂货 9．network n．人际关系网，联络网；网络，网状系统 10．bimonthly adj．两月一次的；一月两次的 11．orphan n．孤儿 12．bakery n．面包烘房，糕饼店 13．cafeteria n．(工厂、学校等的)自助餐厅，食堂 14．suburb n．郊区，近郊，城郊 15．intervention n．干涉，干预 16．friction n．不和，冲突，摩擦 17．sociologist n．社会学家 18．closely-knit adj．紧密联结在一起的 19．outskirts n．市郊，郊区，远离城市中心的地区 20．gable n．山墙，三角墙 21．tear-stained adj．有泪痕的 22．faucet n．水龙头 23．pillow n．枕头 24．resolutely adv．坚决地，坚定地 25．emperor n．皇帝
拓展 词汇 1．agree vi．& vt．同意→disagreement n．意见不合，分歧，争论→agreement n．同意；(意见)一致；协定→disagree vi．不同意 2．envy n．羡慕，忌妒vt．羡慕，妒忌→envious adj．羡慕的；妒忌的 3．encourage vt．鼓励；激励→encouragement n．鼓励，鼓舞；起激励作用的事物→encouraging adj．鼓舞人心的 4．disturb vt．干扰，打扰，使中断→disturbance n．干扰；(受)打扰→disturbing adj．令人不安的 5．apologise vi．道歉，谢罪→apology n．道歉；歉意 6．add vt．增加；添加；补充说→additionally adv．除此之外，此外→additional adj．额外的；附加的→addition n．添加；增加；加法；[C]附加物 7．frequent adj．经常发生的，频繁的→frequently adv．经常地，频繁地→frequency n．频繁；发生率；频率 8．consequent adj．随之发生的；作为结果的→consequence n．后果→consequently adv．因此；所以；结果 9．adopt vi．& vt．收养，领养；采取某种方法、政策、态度等→adoption n．收养；采纳，采用→adopted adj．收养的，领养的 10．amaze vt．使大为吃惊；使惊愕→amazement n．吃惊，惊奇→amazing adj．令人大为惊奇的→amazed adj．惊讶的 11．investigate vi．& vt．查明，调查，侦查→investigation n．调查 12．appeal vi．有吸引力 vi．& vt．呼吁，恳请；上诉→appealing adj．有吸引力的；恳求的 13．sorrow n．悲伤，悲痛；不幸→sorrowful adj．悲痛的；悲哀的 14．interrupt vi．& vt．打断(某人的)讲话，中断(某人的)行动，打扰→interruption n．打扰；阻断物 15．legal adj．法律的；法律允许的，合法的→illegal adj．不合法的
高频 短语 1．hang out 闲待，厮混 2．burst into 突然……起来(尤指唱 歌、哭、笑等) 3．refer to 指的是；提到；查阅 4．be due to do sth．预期要做某事 5．put out 熄灭；扑灭 6．call on 号召 7．be based on 以……为基础 8．no more than 仅仅；至多 9．pick up (用车)接；捡起；(偶然)学会；好转 10．be close to与……亲近；接近 11．be connected to与……有联系 12．intend to do sth．打算做某事 13．in amazement惊讶地 14．send off罚某人下场；寄出某物 15．come along一起来；快点 16．decide on决定，选定
句型 公式 1．．．．and once released，the results were published in the bimonthly magazine Psychology Today．(once＋过去分词作状语) ……结果一经公布，就发表在双月刊《今日心理学》上。 2．I might have expected it．I might have known it was all too beautiful to last．I might have known nobody really did want me．(情态动词＋have done) 我可能已经预料到了。我可能知道这一切都太美好了，无法持久。我可能知道没有人真的想要我。 3．Well，well，there's no need to cry so about it．(there is no need to do．．．) 好啦，好啦，没必要为这事儿哭成这样。 4．Midway between table and bed was the window，with an icy white curtain over it．(with的复合结构) 桌子和床的中间是一扇窗户，上面挂着一块冰冷的白窗帘。 5．You would cry，too，if you were an orphan and had come to a place you thought was going to be home and found that they didn't want you because you weren't a boy．(if 引导的虚拟条件句) 如果你是个孤儿，来到一个满以为会成为自己家的地方，却发现他们并不想要你，因为你不是个男孩，你也会哭的。 6．To bed went Matthew．And to bed，when she had put her dishes away，went Marilla，frowning most resolutely．(介词短语位于句首引起完全倒装) 马修上床睡觉了。玛丽拉收拾完盘子，紧紧地皱着眉头，也回到房间休息了。
The students were asked to talk about what left the deepest 1．impression (impress) on them．What impressed Ben most was that his family moved frequently．There was a time when the household had to move bimonthly．He once lived in a neighbourhood where there were a clinic，a gallery，a grocery，a stadium or a bakery．The reason why Ben's family moved frequently was that Ben would hang out with other guys every night，2．which disturbed his neighbours and caused a chain of trouble．His parents had to apologise to others and ask for 3．forgiveness (forgive)．Frictions often appeared．
Jay was an orphan．He remembered living in 4．a small house with bare walls．It was freezing cold in winter．5．With no hot water，he hated the faucet，which sent him shivers through the bones in winter．His hands were often stiff because of the extreme cold．
Jenny remembered her mother bursting into tears one night．She sighed with a tear-stained face，complaining about loans and debts all the time．Jenny 6．sobbed (sob)，pressed her face down into the pillow and clasped the bedclothes，7．feeling (feel) in the depths of despair．
Thomas remembered conflicting with his parents about his future career．His parents appealed him 8．to study (study) law，but he was tired of dealing with legal documents．This disagreement existed for a long time．9．Consequently (consequent)，Thomas left home with a small parcel and 10．has worked (work) as a sociologist ever since．
1．conflict [课本义] n．抵触，冲突，矛盾 [增补义]n．争执 v．冲突；抵触
①The supply has been in conflict with the demand since last year．
②Having disagreements with your parents does not necessarily mean you must come into conflict with them．
应用文写作之观点表达
另一方面，时尚是我们生活中必不可少的一部分，这与我们的学习并不冲突。
For another，fashion is an essential part of our life，which doesn't conflict with/isn't in conflict with our studies．
◎come into conflict with．．．和……冲突(表动作)
◎(be) in conflict (with．．．)(和……)冲突(表状态)
◎conflict with．．．与……冲突
◎(2024·北京卷)Conflict was often resolved in musical battles．
冲突常常在音乐战争中得到解决。
2．envy n．羡慕，忌妒 vt．羡慕，妒忌
①He was sure that other drivers looked at him with envy．
②He saw the envious (envy) look in the other boy's eyes．
③He is in the enviable (envy) position of having two job offers to choose from．
④Treat the flowers right and your garden will be the envy of the neighbourhood．
完成句子
她羡慕我们的家庭氛围，我们的父母向我们显现出了很多爱意。
She envied our family atmosphere where our parents showed us much affection．
◎envy sb．(doing) sth．羡慕某人(做)某事
◎with envy羡慕地
◎be the envy of．．．成为……忌妒/羡慕的对象
◎envious adj．羡慕的；忌妒的
◎be envious of．．．羡慕……
◎enviable adj．令人羡慕的；引起忌妒的
◎China is developing so fast that it has been the envy of the world．
中国发展如此之迅速，已成为全世界羡慕的对象。
3．apologise vi．道歉，谢罪
①I owe you an apology for the mistake I have made．
②I have to make an apology (apologise) to you for taking your parcel home by mistake．
一句多译
我认为你应该为你的错误向老师道歉。
①I think you should apologise to your teacher for your error．(apologise)
②I think you should make an apology to your teacher for your error．(apology)
◎apologise to sb．for (doing) sth．为(做)某事而向某人道歉
◎apology n．道歉；歉意
◎owe sb．an apology＝owe an apology to sb．应该向某人表示歉意
◎make an apology to sb．(for．．．)(为……)向某人道歉
◎If you want to break down the misunderstanding，you should apologise to her face to face．
如果你想消除误会，你应该当面向她道歉。
4．consequence n．后果
①(译林版选择性必修第三册Unit 4)Every day，thousands of tourists climbing up the narrow stone steps are wearing down these ancient buildings and the long-term consequences (consequence) could lead to irreparable destruction of the internal structure．
②As a consequence，children become so reliant on their parents that they have no independent thought or creative ideas．
③Drunk driving has been banned．Consequently (consequent)，the traffic accidents are decreasing．
词汇升级
(普通表达)All flights have been delayed as a result of the heavy fog．
(高级表达)All flights have been delayed as a consequence of/in consequence of the heavy fog．
◎as a consequence＝in consequence结果，因此
◎as a consequence of＝in consequence of由于；因为……的缘故
◎be of no consequence (to sb．)(对某人)无关紧要
◎consequent adj．随之发生的；作为结果的
◎consequently adv．因此；所以；结果
◎If the problem had been dealt with in this way，it wouldn't have caused such a serious consequence．
如果这个问题用这种方式处理，就不会造成这么严重的后果了。
5．adopt [课本义]vi．& vt．收养，领养；采取某种方法、政策、态度等 [增补义]vt．正式通过，表决采纳
①This couple treat their adopted (adopt) child as their own．
②We are talking about the adoption (adopt) of a new plan for the picnic．
完成句子
他沦为了孤儿，一个善良的女人收养他作为自己的儿子。
He was left an orphan and a kind woman adopted him as her son．
◎adopt an idea/a plan采纳意见/计划
◎adopt sb．as．．．收养某人为……
◎adoption n．采纳，采用；收养
◎adopted adj．收养的，领养的；移居的
◎Happiness will be within our reach，if we adopt a positive attitude towards/to life．
如果我们对生活采取一个积极的态度，幸福就触手可及。
6．appeal [课本义]vi．有吸引力 vi．& vt．呼吁，恳请；上诉 [增补义]n．呼吁；吸引力；上诉
①In addition，most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience．
②The smell from the canteen was so appealing (appeal) that my stomach was growling．
应用文写作之演讲稿
在演讲的最后，我呼吁大家尽自己的一份力量来保护我们的校园。
At the end of my speech，I appeal to everyone to do your own part to protect our schoolyard．
◎appeal to sb．for/to do．．．向某人呼吁……/恳求某人做……
◎appeal to sb．吸引某人
◎make an appeal to sb．for/to do sth．为某事向某人呼吁/恳求某人做某事
◎appealing adj．有吸引力的；恳求的
◎The festival，aiming to promote cultural exchanges，appealed to people from different countries．
该节日旨在促进文化交流，吸引了来自不同国家的人们。
7．burst into 突然……起来(尤指唱歌、哭、笑等)
①The aircraft crashed and burst into flames．
②His appearance on the platform was greeted with a burst of applause．
③Rubin burst out laughing (laugh) as he read the letter．
读后续写之情感描写
看到同学们因为她的愚蠢错误哄堂大笑，她突然哭了起来。
①Seeing her classmates burst out laughing because of her foolish mistakes，she burst out crying．(burst out)
②Seeing her classmates burst into laughter because of her foolish mistakes，she burst into tears．(burst into)
◎burst in突然闯进；破门而入
◎burst out crying(＝burst into tears)突然大哭起来
◎burst out laughing(＝burst into laughter)突然大笑起来
◎be bursting with sth．爆满；涨满
◎a burst of．．．一阵……
◎Much to my surprise，she burst into tears the instant she read this story．
让我大为吃惊的是，她一读到这个故事，就突然大哭起来。
8．pick up (用车)接；捡起；(偶然)学会；好转
①The hotel business always picks up in summer．
②Mike is so tall that he is easy to pick out．
③Never pick on anybody who isn't your own size，son．
应用文写作之建议信
如果你去英国，你很快就会学会英语。
If you go to England you'll soon pick up English．
◎pick out挑选；辨别出，认出
◎pick on故意刁难；挑剔
◎The moment he picked up the phone，he seemed to know I was going to call．
他拿起电话的那一刻，他似乎就知道我要打电话。
9．[教材原句]I might have expected it．I might have known it was all too beautiful to last．I might have known nobody really did want me．(情态动词＋have done)
我可能已经预料到了。我可能知道这一切都太美好了，无法持久。我可能知道没有人真的想要我。
①I could have left (leave) a better impression in the interview，but I ignored something important．
②You need not have apologised (apologise) to him，because it was not your fault．
读后续写之心理描写
想到我可能伤害了她的感情，我就泪流满面。
It tears me apart to think I might have hurt her feelings．
◎might have done sth．过去可能发生某事但实际没发生；过去某事可能发生了
◎could have done sth．本能够做某事而未做
◎should have done sth．本应该做某事而未做
◎needn't have done sth．本不需要做某事而做了
◎He might have let something slip in a moment of weakness so I should forgive him．
他可能一时大意说漏了嘴，所以我应该原谅他。
10．[教材原句]Well，well，there's no need to cry so about it．(there is no need to do．．．)
好啦，好啦，没必要为这事儿哭成这样。
①There is no sense in getting (get) upset about it now．
②There is no need to worry (worry) too much about the difficult problems；just take them one by one．
应用文写作之感谢信
我一切都很好。你没有必要担心。
Everything is fine with me．There is no need for you to be concerned．
◎There is no need to do．．．没有必要做……
◎There is no point/sense in doing sth．做某事无意义
◎There is no need for parents to do everything for their children．
父母没有必要为孩子做所有的事情。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．The best thing to do would be to make an apology (apologise) to her．
2．Since the adoption (adopt) of the new working method，the production has gone up．
3．The pain destroyed their soul and froze (freeze) their mind in insentient panic．
4．Wendy kept warning her son not to hang out at midnight with his so-called friends．
5．I am really envious (envy) of your good luck—it is a blessing to be offered help by a stranger when in trouble．
6．This disturbing news really disturbed me so that I didn't sleep well．(disturb)
7．Much to my amazement，he was able to recite the whole point from amazing memory．(amaze)
8．Devoted to teaching，consequently，he earned his students' trust，which led to other positive consequences．(consequence)
9．Thanks to your encouragement，I made continuous and encouraging progress in maths，and finally decided to study it in the university．(encourage)
10．He went to the hospital to see her frequently，twice a day in fact．The high frequency finally made her fall in love with him．(frequent)
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．appeal
A．vi．呼吁，恳请 B．vi．上诉 C．vi．有吸引力 D．n．吸引力 E．n．恳求
(1)The community is appealing to everyone to save water． A
(2)His appeal for forgiveness went unanswered． E
(3)She is not satisfied with the decision made by the court and plans to appeal． B
(4)The procedure appealed to the staff a lot when it was introduced in January． C
(5)Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable，we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion． D
2．freeze
A．vt．冷冻，冷藏 B．vi．结冰 C．vt．冻结(资金等) D．vi．惊呆，吓呆 E．vt．使冻结
(1)Water freezes when the temperature falls below 0 ℃． B
(2)Ten degrees of frost had frozen the lock on the car． E
(3)I'll freeze any food that's left over． A
(4)The governor's action freezes 300，000 accounts． C
(5)I froze with terror as the door slowly opened． D
3．release
A．vt．发泄 B．n．发行物 C．n．解脱，轻松感 D．vt．发表；发布 E．vt．解雇
(1)She burst into tears，releasing all her depressed emotions． A
(2)It's reported that Taylor Swift's new album is to be released next year． D
(3)The club is releasing some of its old players． E
(4)When you do this you may feel a little，or large，release from the jail of your mind and you'll be on your way． C
(5)Of the new releases that are on show，which do you think are really good？ B
4．I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different cities． C
A．链子 B．一连串 C．连锁商店
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．现在没有必要开车开得这么快了。(there is no need to do．．．)
There is no need to drive so fast now．
2．如果你一大早就出发，你现在就不会这么匆忙了。(if 引导的虚拟条件句)
If you had started early in the morning，you wouldn't be in such
haste now．
3．An ancient temple with a history of hundreds of years stands on the top of the hill．
→On the top of the hill stands an ancient temple with a history of hundreds of years．(介词短语位于句首引起完全倒装)
作为高三学生的你，肯定在适应高中生活和人际交往方面颇有心得，请你写一篇英语演讲稿，和高一的学弟学妹们谈一谈如何快速适应高中生活以及如何处理好人际关系。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节。
写作微练
①我很荣幸能站在这里给大家做一个关于如何适应高中生活和与他人相处融洽的演讲。(adjust to，get along well with)
It is my privilege to stand here to give you a speech on how to adjust to the senior school life and get along well with others．
②当我们步入高中时，我们可能会遇到各种各样的困难，但没有必要为此感到焦虑。(there is no need to do．．．)
When we step into the high school，we are likely to meet various difficulties，but there is no need to be anxious about it．
③在我们将遇到的所有事情中，有一个就是如何与我们的同学和老师和谐相处，他们将在这段时间里对我们产生最大的影响。(who引导定语从句)
Among all matters we will meet is how to get along well with our classmates and teachers who will make the biggest difference during this period．
④如果你在高中时没有朋友，你会觉得学校生活像死水一样无聊。(if引导的虚拟条件句)
If you had no friends in high school，you would feel school life as boring as the dead water．
⑤因此，我呼吁你要诚实，避免与同学和老师发生冲突。(appeal；conflict)
As a consequence，I make an appeal that you should be honest and avoid conflicting with your classmates and teachers．
⑥一旦你与他人发生冲突，你首先应该足够勇敢地做出真诚的道歉。(apology)
Once you've come into conflict with others，you should be brave enough to make a sincere apology first．
⑦我们必须对他人表现出尊重、关心和支持，毫不犹豫地向那些需要帮助的人伸出援手。(分词短语作状语)
We must show respect，concern and sympathy for others，never hesitating to lend a hand to those in need．
句式升级
⑧用状语从句的省略升级句②
When stepping into the high school，we are likely to meet various difficulties，but there is no need to be anxious about it．
妙笔成篇
Good afternoon，everyone!
It is my privilege to stand here to give you a speech on how to adjust to the senior school life and get along well with others．When stepping into the high school，we are likely to meet various difficulties，but there is no need to be anxious about it．
Among all matters we will meet is how to get along well with our classmates and teachers who will make the biggest difference during this period．If you had no friends in high school，you would feel school life as boring as the dead water．As a consequence，I make an appeal that you should be honest and avoid conflicting with your classmates and teachers．Besides，once you've come into conflict with others，you should be brave enough to make a sincere apology first．Most importantly，we must show respect，concern and sympathy for others，never hesitating to lend a hand to those in need．
Above are my thoughts and suggestions．I hope they will be beneficial to you．Thanks for your listening．
语料积累
教材 语料 亮词 情感描写：envy；amazement；despair；resolutely；sorrow
动作描写：hang out；disturb；apologise；adopt；freeze；clasp；burst into；investigate；sigh；shiver；sob；dive；frown；appeal；interrupt
美句 1．“You're not eating anything，”said Marilla sharply，eying her as if it were a serious problem． 2．And upstairs，in the east gable，a lonely，heart-hungry，friendless child cried herself to sleep． 3．Sitting down on a chair by the table，throwing her arms on it，and burying her face in them，she proceeded to cry stormily． 4．But when her eyes fell on the odd little figure in the stiff，ugly dress，with the long red hair and the eager，bright eyes，she froze in amazement．
拓展 语料 单词 see看见；watch观看；observe观察；view把……视为；spot注意到，发现
语块 lock one's eyes on/stare at/gaze at目光锁定/盯着/凝视；take/cast a glance at．．．向……看了一眼；look sb．straight in the eye直视某人的眼睛；gape at目瞪口呆地看；come into view进入视野；eyes widen睁大眼睛；peep at/through偷看；glance at/around/back/up/down瞥一眼/环视/回头看/向上看/向下看；catch a glimpse of瞥见；steal a glance at偷偷瞥了一眼
句型 1．I tiptoed forward and glanced back over my shoulder from time to time to make sure that no one was following me． 我蹑手蹑脚地向前走，不时回头瞥一眼，以确保没有人在跟着我。 2．Seeing no other people notice me，I placed the Christmas present down，pounded the doorbell and then hid quickly behind a big tree，peeping at the doorway． 看到没有其他人注意到我，我放下圣诞礼物，按了门铃，然后迅速躲在一棵大树后面，向门口窥视。 3．James came out，glanced around and spotted the box，his eyes widening in surprise． 詹姆斯走了出来，环顾四周，发现了盒子，他惊讶地睁大了眼睛。 4．Watching what my sons had done，I couldn't help exclaiming，“How warm-hearted they are！” 看着我的儿子们所做的一切，我不禁惊呼：“他们是多么热心啊！”
语料运用
①随着圣诞节的临近，空气中充满了欢乐和兴奋。(with的复合结构)
With Christmas approaching，the air was filled with joy and excitement．
②每个人都充满着幸福，谈论着即将到来的圣诞假期和礼物，却没有注意到珍妮泪眼中的悲伤。(分词短语作状语)
Everyone was overwhelmed by happiness，talking about the coming Christmas holiday and gifts，not noticing/spotting the sorrow in Jenny's tear-stained eyes．
③珍妮，一个在孤儿院长大的女孩，现在待在教室的角落里，眼睛盯着光秃秃的墙，陷入了沉思，仿佛处在绝望的深渊。(独立主格结构；状语从句的省略)
Jenny，a girl growing up in an orphanage，was now staying in the corner in the classroom，her eyes stared at the bare wall，lost in thought as if in the depths of despair．
④幸运的是，她最终吸引了班长的注意，班长碰巧环顾四周，瞥见了珍妮。(who引导定语从句)
Fortunately，she finally attracted the attention of the monitor，who happened to glance around and caught a glimpse of Jenny．
⑤她直视着珍妮的眼睛，很快就明白了原因，并在下课后秘密召集同学，试图找到一个完美的方法来使珍妮开心。
She looked Jenny straight in the eye and soon realized the reason and gathered her classmates secretly after class，trying to find a perfect way to please Jenny．
⑥最后，他们决定专门为她举办一场聚会。
Finally，they determined to hold a party especially for her．
课时数智作业(二十八)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟)
(2025·江苏泰州模拟)
For most of human history，we have been very good observers because we had to be．We used all of our senses—touch，smell，taste，hearing，and sight—to detect and discern．The sudden sounds of animals or the running of birds warned us that someone was approaching．At a distance，by examining posture，the way of walking，clothing，and equipment，our ancestors could discern friend from foe (敌人)．
As generations evolved and eventually moved to cities，closeness changed how we viewed and assessed each other．Because everyone was so close，we had less time to observe．Close quarters and circumstances demanded we interact on first meeting rather than later．This was the opposite of what we had done for thousands of years，which was to assess first at a distance and then interact．Closeness also made us more sensitive to being observed，which is why we are uncomfortable when others stare at us．
Have we allowed ourselves to become careless when it comes to our own safety and that of our loved ones I see people distracted while driving (applying make-up or texting)．Or someone knocks at the front door and we open it without first seeing who is there and asking what they want．Perhaps，in an attempt to be polite，we have ended our responsibility to ourselves，and each other，to be good observers．
We should all look around and listen to our inner voice，which is in fact the limbic (边缘的) brain telling us to be careful that something is wrong，as specialist Gavin de Becker pointed out in The Gift of Fear．So often，after an encounter or a relationship turns problematic，one hears，“You know I had a feeling，in the beginning，that something wasn't right．”
However，failure to observe，if we are honest，leads to avoidable circumstances as well as accidents．How we feel about something often completes the picture so that we can fully understand it．Anyway，it is never too late to start observing．Observation is not about being judgmental，it is not about good or bad．It is about seeing the world around you，having situational awareness，and interpreting what it is that others are communication both verbally and non-verbally．To observe is to see but also to understand，and that requires listening to how you feel．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了人类历史上作为观察者的角色以及讨论了在现代社会中我们是否变得粗心大意，忽略了观察的重要性。
1．What does the underlined word “discern” in paragraph 1 mean？( )
A．Disclose． B．Disagree．
C．Distinguish． D．Disguise．
C [词义猜测题。根据“At a distance，by examining posture，the way of walking，clothing，and equipment，our ancestors could discern friend from foe．”可知，我们的祖先通过观察姿势、走路方式、穿着和装备等，可以区分朋友和敌人。因此，“discern”指的是“区分、辨别”的意思，与“distinguish”意思相符。故选C。]
2．Why did we spend less time observing？( )
A．Observing involves too much and is complicated．
B．We felt uneasy when others were staring at us．
C．We got more sensitive to others' observation．
D．Closeness required people to communicate on first meeting．
D [细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“As generations evolved and eventually moved to cities．．．Close quarters and circumstances demanded we interact on first meeting rather than later．”可知，我们花费更少的时间观察是因为距离上的拉近要求我们第一次见面就进行交流。故选D。]
3．Possibly for what have we given up being good observers？( )
A．Being careless． B．Avoiding rudeness．
C．Paying no attention． D．Being irresponsible．
B [推理判断题。根据文章第三段的“Perhaps，in an attempt to be polite，we have ended our responsibility to ourselves，and each other，to be good observers．”可知，我们放弃成为好的观察者可能是为了避免粗鲁。故选B。]
4．What is the best title for the passage？( )
A．Be Good Observers
B．Discern Friend from Foe
C．Care About Our Safety
D．Start Observing Now
A [标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了人类历史上作为观察者的角色以及讨论了在现代社会中我们是否变得粗心大意，忽略了观察的重要性。文章最后也强调了观察的重要性，提醒我们要成为好的观察者。因此，最适合的标题是“Be Good Observers(成为好的观察者)”。故选A。]
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟)
(2024·广东梅州模拟)
One of Pulitzer Prize-winning journalists Charles Duhigg published a new book，in which he concluded common characteristics of “supercommunicators”—people who are consistently able to create authentic connections with others just by listening and talking． 1 Here is a set of skills recommended by Duhigg that can help you．
2 If you are having a practical conversation，be ready to give good advice．If you are engaging in emotional discussions seeking empathy，you may show your support by being a good listener．If you're in a social dialogue reflecting how we see others and how other people see us，be mindful of the different perspectives each person brings to the table and seek common ground．
Prove we're listening．There are plenty of ways to appear like you're listening，like making eye contact or nodding intently．But proving to someone that you're listening is the quickest road to making someone feel heard． 3 Next，repeat back in your own words what they just told you．Lastly，ask your conversation partner if you got what they said correct．
Ask the right questions．Ask follow-up questions that signal to the other person that you're interested in the conversation，like “So did you make it on time？” or “What happened next？” Ask questions like people's values，beliefs or experiences and spark an opportunity for emotional connection． 4 When in doubt，just ask “why”．People love to talk about how they see the world．
Aim to understand．The goal of a discussion isn't to impress someone，convince someone or wait for their turn to speak．It's to genuinely comprehend someone else's point of view and share your own views accordingly．If people know you want to understand them，they're going to want to understand you． 5
A．Realize what the real questions are．
B．Do you want to be a supercommunicator
C．These deep questions get people to open up．
D．It is not that easy to be a supercommunicators．
E．Know what kind of conversation you're having．
F．That is actually the most magical thing that can happen．
G．Ask someone a question first and then listen to their response．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了Charles Duhigg提出的“超级沟通者”的共同特征——有效的倾听和提问，并提出了一系列可以帮助读者成为更好沟通者的技巧。
1．B [根据本段上文和下文的“Here is a set of skills recommended by Duhigg that can help you．”可知，B项承接上文，说明了作为超级沟通者是有好处的，下文作为过渡句引出后文的具体技巧，故选B。]
2．E [根据本段下文可知，本段列举出了三种对话类型，E项可以作为主题句概括本段内容，指出要清楚对话类型才能采取对应的策略，故选E。]
3．G [根据本段上文和下文的“Next，repeat back in your own words what they just told you．Lastly，ask your conversation partner if you got what they said correct．”可知，G项承接上文，指出了如何做好倾听，下文继续讲述做好倾听的第二步，故选G。]
4．C [根据本段上文和下文的“When in doubt，just ask ‘why’．People love to talk about how they see the world．”可知，C项承接上文，说明了询问深奥问题的好处，“These deep questions”指代上文“people's values，beliefs or experiences”提到的有关问题，下文继续讲述如何保持对话的有效进行，故选C。]
5．F [根据本段上文可知，F项承接上文，说明了人们有彼此理解的需求，一方想要深入理解对方时，也会使对方想要做出同样的事情，故选F。]
Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟)
(2025·河北沧州模拟)
In many ways，friendship 1． __________ (natural) comes to kids．However，it is also a skill to learn and manage，particularly as kids get older．
It is important for teens to choose friends wisely．They might choose friends with shared interests or look for people 2． __________ have different backgrounds．The most important things are whether or not the person will be a good friend and whether they enjoy 3． __________ (spend) time with each other．If it's a yes on both counts，then that person is likely 4． __________ (play) the role of a friend．
It can take time to make a good friend，but it is often worth the effort．Doing things together，whether it's homework or kicking a soccer ball，5． __________ (build) closeness．Considering the other person's 6． __________ (feeling) in different situations is also important．It's true that you should stand by good friends in the hard times，but you don't want to give and give without anything 7． __________ return．Healthy friendships are 8． __________ two-way street．
9． __________ (honest) and trust are important in friendships．Teens need to learn about the importance of being frank (坦率的) with their friends．Friends sometimes hurt each other，but they can always apologise (道歉) and forgive each other．Good relationships are worth the work to repair the damage 10． __________ (cause) by any miscommunications．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章就青少年交友给出了一些有效建议。
1．naturally [考查副词。修饰动词用副词作状语，故填naturally。]
2．who/that [考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰people，在从句中作主语，用关系代词who或者that引导从句，故填who/that。]
3．spending [考查非谓语动词。enjoy后接动词-ing形式作宾语，故填spending。]
4．to play [考查非谓语动词。be likely to do sth．“很可能做某事”，是固定短语，故填to play。]
5．builds [考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，build作谓语，主语是动词-ing形式短语“Doing things together”，谓语动词用单数，文章主时态是一般现在时，故填builds。]
6．feelings [考查名词复数。分析句子可知，feeling作consider的宾语，用名词修饰，此处表示不止一种感受，用复数，故填feelings。]
7．in [考查介词。in return“作为回报”，是固定短语，故填in。]
8．a [考查冠词。street是可数名词，根据句意，此处表示泛指，用不定冠词修饰，two-way的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。]
9．Honesty [考查名词。分析句子可知，空格处用名词与trust一起作主语，honesty“诚实”，不可数名词，故填Honesty。]
10．caused [考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，cause作后置定语，修饰damage，damage与cause之间是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故填caused。]
Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·广东江门一模)
It was the first day of our new grade．Everyone in the classroom was chatting happily，excited to see each other again after the long holidays．When the door slid open，all of us stopped talking and turned to look．In came our teacher Ms Green，followed by an ordinary-looking boy．
“This boy's name is Mark，”Ms Green announced．“He comes from another school，and he's going to be in our class from today．Make sure all of you welcome him warmly．”
The class clapped．But I didn't want to have a second look at the newcomer，for he had no outstanding qualities，considering his small figure and casual T-shirt．
“Oh，I forgot to mention one thing，” Ms Green spoke up．“Mark actually has hearing problems．Normally he would have hearing aids on，but his old ones have just been broken．His doctor suggested that he stay at home until he got his new ones．However，Mark insisted on attending his first day of school．So if you want to communicate with him，you have to write your words on a piece of paper．”
This single speech sent the whole class into noises．Some students looked at each other with expressions of surprise．Others voiced cries of concern out of pity．
Ms Green calmed everyone down．“I'd like someone to personally help him out throughout the day．Do I have any volunteers？”
“How can a disabled person be intelligent？” I thought to myself．I refused to raise my hand，expecting someone else would．But nobody did or said anything．Dead silence spread across the classroom．
It was by total bad luck that my eyes happened to meet Ms Green's．
“How about you，James？” She asked me．“Is it okay for you to take care of Mark just for today？”
It is difficult to refuse a request by someone，especially if that person is a teacher．I sighed (叹气) and nodded slightly．
Ms Green gestured for Mark to sit beside me and then asked us to share our holiday stories with the class．
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Immediately，the class became excited．
Then Mark rose from his chair and walked onto the platform．
【参考范文】
Immediately，the class became excited．Some could hardly wait to tell their classmates about their holiday trips，eyes shining and faces glowing with joy．Those who hadn't been anywhere bombarded them with inquiries．Enormous joy welled up in every corner of the classroom．Obviously confused about the sudden noisy situation，Mark turned to me for explanations in written words．Surprisingly，my explanation put a smile on his face．“Any volunteer to share your story？” asked Ms Green，whose words I set down on paper for Mark．
Then Mark rose from his chair and walked onto the platform．Greeting us with a confident smile，Mark shared his story in a magnetic voice，which left me stunned．I felt more ashamed to learn that he ran a website to help children with hearing problems than guilty about stupidly thinking disabled people couldn't be intelligent．Then his voice was drowned out by a thunderous outburst of applause．Having a lump in my throat，I clapped my hands even more loudly，determined never to judge a book by its cover．
25/25课时数智作业(二十八)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟)
(2025·江苏泰州模拟)
For most of human history，we have been very good observers because we had to be．We used all of our senses—touch，smell，taste，hearing，and sight—to detect and discern．The sudden sounds of animals or the running of birds warned us that someone was approaching．At a distance，by examining posture，the way of walking，clothing，and equipment，our ancestors could discern friend from foe (敌人)．
As generations evolved and eventually moved to cities，closeness changed how we viewed and assessed each other．Because everyone was so close，we had less time to observe．Close quarters and circumstances demanded we interact on first meeting rather than later．This was the opposite of what we had done for thousands of years，which was to assess first at a distance and then interact．Closeness also made us more sensitive to being observed，which is why we are uncomfortable when others stare at us．
Have we allowed ourselves to become careless when it comes to our own safety and that of our loved ones I see people distracted while driving (applying make-up or texting)．Or someone knocks at the front door and we open it without first seeing who is there and asking what they want．Perhaps，in an attempt to be polite，we have ended our responsibility to ourselves，and each other，to be good observers．
We should all look around and listen to our inner voice，which is in fact the limbic (边缘的) brain telling us to be careful that something is wrong，as specialist Gavin de Becker pointed out in The Gift of Fear．So often，after an encounter or a relationship turns problematic，one hears，“You know I had a feeling，in the beginning，that something wasn't right．”
However，failure to observe，if we are honest，leads to avoidable circumstances as well as accidents．How we feel about something often completes the picture so that we can fully understand it．Anyway，it is never too late to start observing．Observation is not about being judgmental，it is not about good or bad．It is about seeing the world around you，having situational awareness，and interpreting what it is that others are communication both verbally and non-verbally．To observe is to see but also to understand，and that requires listening to how you feel．
1．What does the underlined word “discern” in paragraph 1 mean？( )
A．Disclose． B．Disagree．
C．Distinguish． D．Disguise．
2．Why did we spend less time observing？( )
A．Observing involves too much and is complicated．
B．We felt uneasy when others were staring at us．
C．We got more sensitive to others' observation．
D．Closeness required people to communicate on first meeting．
3．Possibly for what have we given up being good observers？( )
A．Being careless． B．Avoiding rudeness．
C．Paying no attention． D．Being irresponsible．
4．What is the best title for the passage？( )
A．Be Good Observers
B．Discern Friend from Foe
C．Care About Our Safety
D．Start Observing Now
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟)
(2024·广东梅州模拟)
One of Pulitzer Prize-winning journalists Charles Duhigg published a new book，in which he concluded common characteristics of “supercommunicators”—people who are consistently able to create authentic connections with others just by listening and talking． 1 Here is a set of skills recommended by Duhigg that can help you．
2 If you are having a practical conversation，be ready to give good advice．If you are engaging in emotional discussions seeking empathy，you may show your support by being a good listener．If you're in a social dialogue reflecting how we see others and how other people see us，be mindful of the different perspectives each person brings to the table and seek common ground．
Prove we're listening．There are plenty of ways to appear like you're listening，like making eye contact or nodding intently．But proving to someone that you're listening is the quickest road to making someone feel heard． 3 Next，repeat back in your own words what they just told you．Lastly，ask your conversation partner if you got what they said correct．
Ask the right questions．Ask follow-up questions that signal to the other person that you're interested in the conversation，like “So did you make it on time？” or “What happened next？” Ask questions like people's values，beliefs or experiences and spark an opportunity for emotional connection． 4 When in doubt，just ask “why”．People love to talk about how they see the world．
Aim to understand．The goal of a discussion isn't to impress someone，convince someone or wait for their turn to speak．It's to genuinely comprehend someone else's point of view and share your own views accordingly．If people know you want to understand them，they're going to want to understand you． 5
A．Realize what the real questions are．
B．Do you want to be a supercommunicator
C．These deep questions get people to open up．
D．It is not that easy to be a supercommunicators．
E．Know what kind of conversation you're having．
F．That is actually the most magical thing that can happen．
G．Ask someone a question first and then listen to their response．
Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟)
(2025·河北沧州模拟)
In many ways，friendship 1． __________ (natural) comes to kids．However，it is also a skill to learn and manage，particularly as kids get older．
It is important for teens to choose friends wisely．They might choose friends with shared interests or look for people 2． __________ have different backgrounds．The most important things are whether or not the person will be a good friend and whether they enjoy 3． __________ (spend) time with each other．If it's a yes on both counts，then that person is likely 4． __________ (play) the role of a friend．
It can take time to make a good friend，but it is often worth the effort．Doing things together，whether it's homework or kicking a soccer ball，5． __________ (build) closeness．Considering the other person's 6． __________ (feeling) in different situations is also important．It's true that you should stand by good friends in the hard times，but you don't want to give and give without anything 7． __________ return．Healthy friendships are 8． __________ two-way street．
9． __________ (honest) and trust are important in friendships．Teens need to learn about the importance of being frank (坦率的) with their friends．Friends sometimes hurt each other，but they can always apologise (道歉) and forgive each other．Good relationships are worth the work to repair the damage 10． __________ (cause) by any miscommunications．
Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·广东江门一模)
It was the first day of our new grade．Everyone in the classroom was chatting happily，excited to see each other again after the long holidays．When the door slid open，all of us stopped talking and turned to look．In came our teacher Ms Green，followed by an ordinary-looking boy．
“This boy's name is Mark，”Ms Green announced．“He comes from another school，and he's going to be in our class from today．Make sure all of you welcome him warmly．”
The class clapped．But I didn't want to have a second look at the newcomer，for he had no outstanding qualities，considering his small figure and casual T-shirt．
“Oh，I forgot to mention one thing，” Ms Green spoke up．“Mark actually has hearing problems．Normally he would have hearing aids on，but his old ones have just been broken．His doctor suggested that he stay at home until he got his new ones．However，Mark insisted on attending his first day of school．So if you want to communicate with him，you have to write your words on a piece of paper．”
This single speech sent the whole class into noises．Some students looked at each other with expressions of surprise．Others voiced cries of concern out of pity．
Ms Green calmed everyone down．“I'd like someone to personally help him out throughout the day．Do I have any volunteers？”
“How can a disabled person be intelligent？” I thought to myself．I refused to raise my hand，expecting someone else would．But nobody did or said anything．Dead silence spread across the classroom．
It was by total bad luck that my eyes happened to meet Ms Green's．
“How about you，James？” She asked me．“Is it okay for you to take care of Mark just for today？”
It is difficult to refuse a request by someone，especially if that person is a teacher．I sighed (叹气) and nodded slightly．
Ms Green gestured for Mark to sit beside me and then asked us to share our holiday stories with the class．
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Immediately，the class became excited．
Then Mark rose from his chair and walked onto the platform．
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