课时数智作业(三十)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟)
(2024·苏锡常镇四市调研)
No poverty，zero hunger，quality education，these are some of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) the United Nations (U．N．) established in 2015．In April 2019，the U．N．launched the SDG Book Club; each month，it posts on the club website a selection of books that illustrate a particular SDG to help young people interact with these goals．
Batesville Intermediate School launched the Junior Ambassadors (大使) program in August 2019，using the SDG Book Club as a springboard to introduce students to a more global view on world issues．Twenty-four 4th and 5th graders met for 30 minutes four days a week to read，discuss，research，and conduct the sharing of knowledge and solutions to these issues．Research activities，special projects，and guest speakers are additional opportunities for junior ambassadors to build knowledge．What began as a desire to help small-town children expand their views grew into a broader program that affected the school，community，and beyond．
The U．N．'s recommendation of Serafina's Promise by Ann E．Burg was perfect for the junior ambassadors to begin their study of the first SDG: no poverty．The book is set in Haiti，so members of local Haitian groups were invited to speak to the program participants．Then，the junior ambassadors used their new-found knowledge to create multimedia lessons，sharing them with the other 480 students．
The study of the second SDG—zero hunger—gave junior ambassadors an opportunity to organize and carry out a read-a-thon (a reading marathon) to raise funds for the Grain of Rice Project's school initiative in Kenya．The non-profit's co-founder，Amy Ahiga spoke to and inspired the students with her passion for helping others．
Junior ambassadors use what they learn to engage with their community and the world，earning the school the American Library Association's 2020 Sara Jaffarian School Library Program Award for Excellence in Humanities Programming．They can look back with pride，knowing they made a difference．With increased confidence and skills，these children will know that they can and will continue to save the world—one goal at a time．
1．What does the SDG Book Club do？( )
A．Teach reading techniques．
B．Provide quality education．
C．Address global conflicts．
D．Recommend selected books．
2．What was the initial aim of launching the Junior Ambassadors program？( )
A．To broaden children's horizons．
B．To motivate children to set goals．
C．To stress the importance of reading．
D．To make an impact on the community．
3．What is the similarity in the study of the first and second SDGs？( )
A．Multimedia lessons were created．
B．Guest speakers concerned were invited．
C．Students were inspired to raise funds．
D．Junior ambassadors organized read-a-thons．
4．Which of the following can be the most suitable title for the passage？( )
A．Earning an Award from Reading
B．Working Toward a Sustainable World
C．Establishing a Platform to Share Viewpoints
D．Providing a Springboard for Future Life
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟)
Here are some examples of AI in education that have made education even more amazing!
Personalized Learning Assistants
These AI-powered virtual assistants are designed to help students in their learning journey by providing personalized support and guidance． 1 ．With the help of these assistants，students can explore topics at their own pace and dig deeper into subjects that interest them．One practical example is Jenni AI．It represents how AI can support personalized learning by helping complete difficult tasks like writing and research．
Universal Access
2 ．Through AI-powered apps，students from all around the world can benefit from educational resources regardless of their location or language．These apps offer a wide range of learning opportunities that can be accessed anytime and anywhere． 3 ， opening doors to educational content and support that was previously limited．
Speech Recognition
Speech recognition is an advanced technology that can turn teachers' words into text． 4 ．Instead of taking notes yourself，AI can listen to the teacher's words and write them down automatically．Thanks to this meeting assistant，which never misses anything important，learning and communicating have become much easier．
Adaptive Learning Platforms
These platforms use AI algorithms (算法) to analyze student data and generate personalized learning paths．By understanding how students learn and their specific strengths and weaknesses，the platform adjusts the difficulty and content of the lessons accordingly． 5 ， which align (与……一致) with their individual needs and learning styles．
A．With AI technology，barriers to geography and language are cleared
B．It can make lesson planning easier and more effective
C．Imagine you're in an online class and the teacher is teaching
D．The tool uses AI to analyze the learning goals of students
E．This ensures that students receive targeted instruction and materials
F．They act as friendly partners，answering questions and giving explanations
G．AI plays an important role in providing access to high-quality education worldwide
Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟)
(2024·福建莆田三模)
Chinese scientists have started a scientific expedition to the Mount Qomolangma．1． total of 170 scientists have begun to do research on water，ecology and human activity，aiming 2． __________ (reveal) the mechanism of environmental change and optimize the ecological security barrier system on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau．
3． __________ (label) as the roof of the world and water tower of Asia，the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is an essential ecological security barrier in China．It is also a natural laboratory for 4． __________ (conduct) research on the evolution of Earth and life，and the relationship between man and Earth．5． __________ an important part of the research，the ongoing expedition is 6． __________ (particular) important to the study of the impact of climatic and environmental changes in the Mount Qomolangma region on other parts of the world．
The expedition focuses on major scientific 7． __________ (issue)，such as how the extreme high-altitude environment of the Mount Qomolangma changes under the influence of global warming，according to Yao Tandong，8． __________ is the team leader．“The expedition has realized the 9． __________ (transform) from ‘I want to conquer you’ to ‘I want to understand you’， achieved the application of new technologies and resulted in important international influence，” he said．So far，many scientific achievements 10． __________ (make)．
Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·浙江绍兴模拟)
Ms Johnson will never forget Chelsea，a wounded soul．Over the years Chelsea had always struggled，both academically and with self-confidence．Additionally，her mother had died after a heroic battle with a terminal illness when Chelsea was a fifth grader．As she began her sixth grade，Chelsea was still hurting．Ms Johnson worried about her with good reason．
Each fall，Ms Johnson takes the students for a five-day adventure at Wolf Ridge，an environmental learning center in the woods of Northern Minnesota overlooking Lake Superior．The week is filled with learning，team building，and overcoming seemingly impossible challenges．They go in October，and the turning leaves of trees come to symbolize the changes happening to the students over the week．The steps and growth students make at Wolf Ridge become a metaphor Ms Johnson uses throughout the year as her students face challenges in the classroom．
The most difficult activity is the adventure ropes，which stretch from tower to tower high among the treetops 25－30 feet above the ground．Ms Johnson knew this experience would be particularly difficult for Chelsea．
When it was time for her to fasten the harness (保护带)，Chelsea was already trembling．The harness offers physical protection，but not much mental comfort when nothing but a slippery board or an unsteady wire is between your feet and the ground far below．Chelsea stepped hesitantly onto the Swinging Wood Bridge，and only after the instructor's encouragement，slowly made her way across its shaky boards up to the first tower．With the support of a chaperone (监护人) stationed there，she began her way across the Burma Bridge，made of merely three wires and straps．Her trembling body added to its shaking．From down below，her ground partners shouted out supportively，“Come on，Chelsea；you're doing great！”
Chelsea finally reached the second tower and eventually stepped out onto the next challenge and slowly inched her way across．
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Now she faced what for many is the most difficult activity：the Single Wire．
The final challenge is a zip line (滑索)，which requires leaping off the last tower and sliding to the ground．
5/5核心 词汇 1．well-being n．健康，幸福，舒适 2．garbage n．垃圾 3．device n．设备，装置；修辞手段 4．instant adj．立刻的，马上的 5．launch vt．发射；发动，发起，开始从事 6．split vi．& vt．分割，把……分开；分成(不同部分) 7．outspoken adj．坦率的，直言不讳的 8．constant adj．恒久不变的；持续不断的，经常发生的 n．常量，恒量 9．finding n．研究的结果；发现 10．biologist n．生物学家 11．perceive vt．察觉，注意到，发觉 12．million num．百万 13．humble adj．谦虚的，谦卑的 14．outcome n．结果，后果 15．joint adj．联合的，共同的，共有的 16．emerge vi．出现，浮现 17．overcome vt．克服(困难)，控制(感情)；征服，战胜 18．decline vi．减少，降低 19．grand adj．宏伟的，壮丽的，隆重的 20．bonus n．意外收获，额外的好处；奖金；红利 21．gravity n．重力，引力 22．steam n．水蒸气；蒸汽动力 23．correspond vi．通信 24．subsequently adv．后来，随后 25．relativity n．相对性
阅读 词汇 1．orbit n．轨道 vi．& vt．沿轨道运行 2．physicist n．物理学家 3．tube n．圆管，管子；电视显像管，阴极射线管 4．coincidence n．运气；巧合 5．revolution n．彻底变革，革命 6．mechanical adj．机械的 7．vitamin n．维生素 8．labour-saving adj．节省劳力的 9．microscope n．显微镜 10．satellite n．人造卫星；卫星 11．particle n．粒子，质点 12．premier adj．最好的；最重要的 13．mould n．霉，霉菌 14．penicillin n．青霉素，盘尼西林 15．navy n．海军 16．missile n．导弹，飞弹 17．circuit n．电路，线路；环形道路 18．incubation n．孵化 19．PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) n．博士学位 20．cosmology n．宇宙论，宇宙学 21．kettle n．水壶，壶 22．fibre n．(木材、碳等天然材料的)纤维
拓展 词汇 1．entertain v．招待；使快乐；娱乐→entertainment n．娱乐活动，娱乐节目→entertaining adj．有趣的 2．gift n．天赋，天才，才能；礼物→gifted adj．有天赋的，有才华的 3．product n．产品；产物→productive adj．多产的；丰饶的；富有成效的→produce v．生产 n．农产品→production n．生产；产量 4．science n．科学→scientific adj．科学(上)的→scientist n．科学家 5．donate vi．& vt．捐献(器官)，献(血)；捐赠，捐献→donation n．捐赠，捐献→donor n．捐赠者 6．accurate adj．正确的，准确的→accuracy n．准确性；精准度；正确，准确→accurately adv．准确地 7．efficient adj．高效的→efficiently adv．有效率地，高效能地→inefficient adj．效率低的→efficiency n．效率 8．propose vt．提出(某观点、方法等)→proposal n．提议；建议；求婚 9．clue n．线索；提示→clueless adj．一无所知的，一窍不通的 10．evaluate v．评价，评估→evaluation n．评估，评价 11．theory n．学说，理论→theoretical adj．理论的 12．boil vi．& vt．(使)沸腾，煮沸；(用开水)煮 n．沸腾→boiling adj．炎热的；炽热的→boiled adj．煮沸的，煮熟的 13．improve v．改善；提高→improvement n．改善，改进；改进之处 14．available adj．可利用的；可得到的→availability n．可能性 15．explode vi．& vt．(使)爆炸；急剧增长→explosion n．爆炸；激增→explosive adj．(易)爆炸的；激增的 16．mass n．大量，大宗adj．大量的→massive adj．巨大的；非常严重的 17．sail v．航行，起航→sailor n．水手，海员→sailing n．帆船运动；航行 18．illustrate vt．说明，阐明；给(书籍、文章等)加插图→illustration n．说明，阐明；插图 19．regulate vt．控制，管理→regulation n．规则；规章；管理 20．preserve vt．保存(食物)，腌制；维护，保护 n．腌菜，果酱→preservation n．维护；保存 21．specific adj．特别的；具体的；明确的→specifically adv．特定地，专门地 22．electric adj．用电的，带电的，电动的→electrical adj．电的，用电的→electronic adj．电子的→electricity n．电；电能
高频 短语 1．in spite of 虽然；不顾；尽管……(仍……) 2．range from．．．to．．．范围从……到…… 3．figure out 算出，想出 4．bury oneself in 埋头于，专心致志于 5．a sort of 近似于，有点像 6．single out 挑出；挑选 7．turn to sb．向某人求助 8．be dedicated to doing致力于；献身于 9．come up 被提及；走近；长出地面；升起 10．reflect on 仔细考虑，反省 11．every once in a while 偶尔，时常 12．put．．．into operation 使运转；使生效 13．be reduced to．．．减少到……；沦落为……；陷入某种状态 14．be diagnosed with 被诊断为 15．in a joint effort 在共同努力下
句型 公式 1．If you had to choose the single most important discovery of the 20th century，you would have a real problem on your hands．(if引导的虚拟条件句) 如果你必须选出20世纪最重要的一项发现，你将面临一个真正的问题。 2．He double-checked and saw a blue mould in the dish around which the bacteria had been destroyed．(“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句) 他再次检查后，发现盘子里有一种蓝色的霉菌，而霉菌周围的细菌已经被杀死了。 3．．．．it used so much energy that when it was turned on，the lights in the local town went out！(so．．．that．．．引导结果状语从句) ……它消耗如此多的电量，以至于当它启动的时候，当地城镇的灯都熄灭了！ 4．Human life on this planet has been transformed into a “global village”，with all the different countries linked in the chain of common interests．(with＋宾语＋done) 这个星球上的人类生活已经转变为一个“地球村”，所有不同的国家在共同利益的链条中相互联系。 5．This hole led to another universe，completely separate from our own．[形容词(短语)作状语] 这种洞通向另一个宇宙，与我们的宇宙完全分隔。 6．In The Grand Design (2010，with Leonard Mlodinow)，Hawking argued that we should look for a different way to discover the deepest secrets of the universe．(argue that．．．) 在《大设计》(2010年出版，与莱昂纳德·蒙洛迪诺合著)一书中，霍金认为我们应该寻找一种不同的方式去发现宇宙最深处的秘密。 7．As the water boiled，the steam made the top of the kettle bounce up and down．(as引导的时间状语从句) 当水沸腾时，水蒸气使水壶的盖子上下跳动。
The world needs innovations for our well-being．We need productive crops for the ever 1．increasing (increase) population，electric labour-saving devices to work more efficiently and some new ways to deal 2．with garbage．Some people think that only 3．gifted (gift) people can invent new things．For example，Einstein put forward the Theory of Relativity，4．which shows even time，mass or length are not constant．Biologist Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin．Eckert，5．an engineer and Mauchly，a physicist，produced a machine to improve the 6．accuracy (accurate) of missiles in a joint effort．James Watt developed the steam engine．However，their achievements lay in the fact that they could perceive some otherwise ignored phenomena and they overcame 7．various (vary) difficulties．Subsequently outstanding outcomes emerged．If we common people are 8．dedicated (dedicate) to the improvement of something，maybe we will cause a revolution．So if you want to find a good way to regulate traffic or 9．to preserve (preserve) food，just launch your project instantly．A bonus is 10．specifically (specific) waiting for you．
1．entertainment n．[课本义] 娱乐活动，娱乐节目 [增补义]娱乐；款待，招待
①(人教版选择性必修第一册Unit 3) If it is ocean entertainment (entertain) that you are looking for，come to Chimelong Ocean Kingdom!
②Humor makes average-looking people look cute and uninteresting people seem entertaining (entertain)．
③Bob and Lily entertained us to dinner last night．
读后续写之情感描写
小汤米发现他的母亲在哭，便努力想尽办法让她开心。
Having found his mother weeping，little Tommy tried to entertain her with whatever he could think of．
◎to one's entertainment使某人高兴的是
◎entertain vi．& vt．招待；娱乐；使快乐
◎entertain sb．to sth．用某物招待某人
◎entertain sb．with sth．用某物使某人快乐
◎entertaining adj．有趣的；令人愉快的
◎Traditional forms of entertainment like folk dances and puppet shows are still popular in some rural areas．
像民间舞蹈和木偶戏这样的传统娱乐形式在一些农村地区仍然很受欢迎。
2．gifted adj．[课本义]有天赋的，有才华的 [增补义]具有(令人愉快的特质)
①Michael may have been a dunce at mathematics，but he is gifted in/at languages．
②(人教版选择性必修第二册Unit 1)Stephen Hawking was one of the most famous and gifted (gift) scientists in physics．
一句多译
这个女孩有学习语言的天赋。
①The girl has a gift for learning languages．(gift)
②The girl is gifted in/at learning languages．(gifted)
◎be gifted in/at在……方面有天赋
◎gift n．天赋，天才，才能；礼物
◎have a gift for有……天赋
◎He is a confident and gifted Australian photographer．
他是一个自信且有天赋的澳大利亚摄影师。
3．instant [课本义] adj．立刻的，马上的 [增补义]adj．速溶的 n．立即，瞬间
①When he looked to the side，he saw instantly (instant) that it wasn't a dog at all．
②In an instant，he took off his coat and jumped into the water．
词汇升级
(普通表达)The instant he got to the station，the train had left already．
(高级表达)Instantly he got to the station，the train had left already．
◎the instant一……就……
◎in an instant立即
◎instantly adv．立即，马上
◎The instant little Tom lost sight of his mother，he broke down．
小汤姆一看不见他的妈妈就崩溃了。
4．propose vt．[课本义] 提出(某观点、方法等) [增补义]提议；打算；求婚
①(人教版必修第二册Unit 1) Experts investigated the issue，conducted several tests，and then made a proposal (propose) for how the buildings could be saved．
②He proposed changing (change) the name of the company．
应用文写作之建议信
至于礼物，我建议你应该选一些具有新西兰特色的，这一定会赢得你朋友的喜爱。
As to presents，I propose that you should choose some with New Zealand features，which is bound to win your friend's affection．
◎propose doing．．．建议做……
◎propose that．．．(should) do．．．建议……
◎proposal n．提议；建议；求婚
◎the proposal to do．．．做……的建议
◎Reading researchers have proposed a theory called “shallowing hypothesis”．
阅读研究人员提出了一种叫作“肤浅假说”的理论。
5．decline [课本义]vi．减少，降低 [增补义]vi．& vt．谢绝，拒绝 n．减少，下降，衰落
①(译林版选择性必修第一册Unit 3)In fact，the Northern Song Dynasty was in decline by this stage．
②The old couple declined to accept (accept) our reward for their kind help and fine care．
完成句子
去年，到度假村的游客数量减少了60%。
The number of tourists to the resort declined by 60% last year．
◎a decline in在……方面下降
◎in decline/on the decline在衰退中
◎decline to减少到……
◎decline by减少了……
◎decline to do sth．拒绝做某事
◎Thankfully，this is a disease that is now on the decline．
令人欣慰的是，这是一种现在正在减少的疾病。
6．explode [课本义]vi．& vt．(使)爆炸；急剧增长 [增补义]vi．(感情)迸发
①Charles exploded with anger when hearing the news．
②On seeing his funny expression，we all exploded into laughter．
③The explosion (explode) could be heard a mile away．
完成句子
在旅游季节，该景点的人口可能会激增至40 000人。
The population can explode to 40，000 during the tourist season in the place of interest．
◎explode with anger/rage勃然大怒
◎explode into．．．爆发出……；突然……起来
◎explosive adj．(易)爆炸的；激增的；暴躁的 n．炸药
◎explosion n．爆炸；激增
◎“Of course there's something wrong！” Jem exploded．
“当然是出了毛病！”杰姆大发雷霆道。
7．figure out 算出，想出；弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白
①Have you figured in/out the cost of food for our holiday
②I figure on going to New York in January．
完成句子
没过多久，孩子们就想出了正确的答案。
It didn't take the children long to figure out the correct answer．
◎figure in把……考虑在内
◎figure on计划；打算；预料到
◎(2024·北京卷)They figure out what they are good at．
他们清楚自己擅长什么。
8．turn to 求助于； 转向；翻到(页码)
①He turned down my suggestion without hesitation．
②He promised to attend the meeting，but hasn't turned up yet．
③I'll turn my shop over to my son after I retire．
④The factory turned out more products than they had expected．
应用文写作之建议信
如果你遇到新单词，你可以向词典寻求帮助。
If you meet new words，you can turn to the dictionary for help．
◎turn down关小；拒绝
◎turn up开大；出现；被找到
◎turn (．．．) into．．．(使……)成为……
◎turn out结果是；证明是；生产出
◎turn over (使)打翻；翻身；移交
◎(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)So I turned to cycling．
因此我转向了骑行。
9．[教材原句]If you had to choose the single most important discovery of the 20th century，you would have a real problem on your hands．(if引导的虚拟条件句)
如果你必须选出20世纪最重要的一项发现，你将面临一个真正的问题。
①They might have found a better hotel if they had driven (drive) a few more kilometers．
②If it rained (rain) this afternoon，the basketball match would be put off．
③If I were (be) a flower，I would bring people a nice spring．
一句多译
如果那个宇航员明天来我们学校，我就和她合影。
①If that astronaut came to our school tomorrow，I would take a photo with her．(did)
②If that astronaut were to come to our school tomorrow，I would take a photo with her．(were to do)
③If that astronaut should come to our school tomorrow，I would take a photo with her．(should do)
◎与现在事实相反：If＋主语＋过去式/were，主语＋should/could/would/might＋动词原形。
◎与过去事实相反：If＋主语＋had＋动词-ed形式，主语＋should/could/would/might＋have＋动词-ed形式。
◎与将来事实相反：If＋主语＋should do/did/were to do，主语＋should/could/would/might＋动词原形。
◎If I had followed my parents' advice at that time，I would not have encountered so many difficulties in life．
要是我那时听从了父母的建议，我就不会在生活中遇到那么多的困难。
10．[教材原句]He double-checked and saw a blue mould in the dish around which the bacteria had been destroyed．(“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句)
他再次检查后，发现盘子里有一种蓝色的霉菌，而霉菌周围的细菌已经被杀死了。
①Ours is a beautiful country，of which we are greatly proud．
②Who is the man with whom our teacher is shaking hands
读后续写之动作描写
他递给我一支钢笔，我用它写下了我的名字。
He handed me a pen with which I wrote down my name．
◎在“介词＋关系代词”结构引导的定语从句中，关系代词指物时用which；指人时用whom，而不能用that或who代替。
◎Mr Wang has benefited me a lot，without whose teachings I would not have achieved so much．
王老师使我受益匪浅，没有他的教导我就不会取得这么大的成就。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．The truck hit the car，and the driver was killed instantly (instant)．
2．She was blown off her feet by the shock wave from the explosion (explode)．
3．A large number of new gifted (gift) people have emerged in the academic world．
4．The general proposed that they (should) cease (cease) firing and negotiate a compromise．
5．To my entertainment (entertain)，the cat jumped up in panic when seeing the cucumber．
6．Have you ever donated anything to the charity Last week，our organization received a large donation of money and learning materials，but we didn't know who was the generous donor．(donate)
7．While calculating the maths problem，you should pay more attention to the accuracy of the numbers，or you can't figure it out accurately．(accurate)
8．He proposed abolishing the regulation but no one agreed to his proposal．(propose)
9．As an efficient secretary，she can organize various jobs efficiently and improve her efficiency．(efficient)
10．After months of learning，his English has improved a lot，and his parents are also pleased with the improvement．(improve)
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．decline
A．v．谢绝 B．n．减少 C．v．下降 D．v．衰退，衰弱
(1)The minister declined to make a comment on the legend． A
(2)Besides，the number of snakes had declined as well． C
(3)Of course，our brains can decline as we grow older for lots of reasons—including other environmental influences or genetic factors． D
(4)(2023·浙江1月卷)Habitat loss，pesticide use，and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades，which has damaged the U．S．agricultural economy． B
2．launch
A．v．发射(卫星等) B．v．创办；发行 C．v．发起(尤指有组织的活动) D．n．(新产品)投入市场
(1)The Idler was launched by Tom Hodgkinson，back in 1993． B
(2)It is confirmed that China will launch more spacecrafts to the moon in the following year． A
(3)(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Riders have printed nearly 20，000 short stories and poems since the program was launched last March． C
(4)After the launch of the products，they have won good praises from customers for their convenient and high-efficient superior properties． D
3．My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy's dad with their permission． C
A．宏伟的 B．隆重的 C．极好的
4．For example，most of us would expect older drivers always go slower than everyone else but surprisingly，we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined．A
A．固定的；不变的
B．经常的
C．重复的
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．如果我是这名老师，我会用另一种方式来解决这个问题。
If I were the teacher，I would solve the problem in another way．(if引导的虚拟条件句)
2．他如此严厉地责备她，以至于这个女孩想放弃。
He blamed her so sharply that the girl wanted to give up．(so．．．that．．．引导结果状语从句)
3．As a new stadium has been built in our school，more sports events can be held．
→With a new stadium built in our school，more sports events can be held．(with的复合结构)
假设你是红星中学学生会主席李华，应学校要求，你需要向来学校参观的外国学生介绍中国古代的四大发明，内容包括：
1．四大发明都有哪些；
2．其对中国和世界的影响；
3．你的感想。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节。
写作微练
①我很自豪也很高兴地站在这里向大家介绍中国的四大发明，包括造纸术、印刷术、火药和指南针。(形容词作状语；定语从句)
Proud and delighted，I am standing here to introduce the Four Great Inventions of China to you，which include papermaking，printing，gunpowder，and the compass．
②正如你们已经知道的，中国有着悠久的历史和众多显著的成就，其中就包括四大发明。(as引导定语从句；among which引导定语从句)
As you have known，China has a long history with numerous remarkable achievements among which are the Four Great Inventions．
③四大发明意义如此重大，以至于它们对全球的发展产生了特别深远的影响。(so．．．that．．．引导结果状语从句)
The Four Great Inventions are so significant that they have had an especially profound influence on global development．
④如果没有造纸术和印刷术，人类文明和文化就不会被如此完好地保存和传播。如果没有指南针，欧洲水手就不会在海洋探险中进一步探索并实现突破。(if引导的虚拟条件句)
If there hadn't been papermaking and printing，human civilization and culture would not have been so well preserved and spread．If there hadn't been the compass，European sailors wouldn't have explored further and made breakthroughs in the sea exploration．
⑤因此，人们普遍认为，四大发明不仅影响了中国，而且改变了整个世界。(argue；not only．．．but also．．．)
So it is widely argued that the Four Great Inventions not only impacted China but also transformed the whole world．
⑥作为一个中国人，我坚定地认为我们有责任去保护它们，并使它们在世界上发挥更重要的作用。(preserve)
As a Chinese，I firmly believe that it is our duty to preserve them and make them play a more important role in the world．
句式升级
⑦用倒装句升级句③
So significant are the Four Great Inventions that they have had an especially profound influence on global development．
妙笔成篇
Proud and delighted，I am standing here to introduce the Four Great Inventions of China to you，which include papermaking，printing，gunpowder，and the compass．
As you have known，China has a long history with numerous remarkable achievements among which are the Four Great Inventions．So significant are the Four Great Inventions that they have had an especially profound influence on global development．If there hadn't been papermaking and printing，human civilization and culture would not have been so well preserved and spread．If there hadn't been the compass，European sailors wouldn't have explored further and made breakthroughs in the sea exploration．
So it is widely argued that the Four Great Inventions not only impacted China but also transformed the whole world．As a Chinese，I firmly believe that it is our duty to preserve them and make them play a more important role in the world．
语料积累
教材 语料 亮词 性格品质描写：gifted；outspoken；humble
动作描写：donate；launch；perceive；propose；overcome；decline；explode；regulate；preserve
美句 1．Human life on this planet has been transformed into a “global village”．．． 2．Fleming remained humble about the amazing outcome of his discovery． 3．In the summer of 1905，this outspoken young man was rocking his one-year-old baby when he was suddenly inspired． 4．Without the breakthroughs of these pioneers in science and technology，whether lucky or planned，the world as we know it today would be a completely different place．
拓展 语料 单词 smile微笑；laugh发笑；roar放声大笑；simper矫揉造作地笑；tease取笑；mock嘲笑；smirk傻笑，自鸣得意地笑；giggle咯咯地笑，傻笑；sneer嘲笑
语块 a big/broad/wide/bright smile灿烂的微笑；explode with laughter哄堂大笑；force/manage/squeeze a smile强颜欢笑；flash a bright smile露出灿烂的微笑；beam with smiles/pleasure笑逐颜开；light (sth．) up喜形于色，喜气洋洋；crack a smile展颜微笑，莞尔一笑；burst into laughter/burst out laughing突然大笑起来；grin/smile from ear to ear笑得合不拢嘴；laugh heartily欢笑；scream with laughter放声大笑；smile bitterly苦笑；split into a smile绽放微笑；wear a broad smile满面笑容
句型 1．He said thanks and smiled with a row of perfect teeth． 他说了声谢谢，并笑着露出了一排完美的牙齿。 2．Grinning from ear to ear，she hurried to her bedroom with great expectations．(动词-ing形式短语作状语) 她笑得合不拢嘴，满怀期待地匆匆回到她的卧室。 3．Happily，when she pictured herself becoming a painter，her face lit up and lips curved in a smile． 令人高兴的是，当她想象自己成为一名画家时，她的脸上喜气洋洋，嘴角绽开了微笑。 4．Her mother was thrilled at the beautiful painting，a broad smile spreading across/crossing her face．(独立主格结构) 她的母亲对这幅美丽的画感到非常激动，脸上绽开了灿烂的笑容。 5．After years of painstaking research，they were rewarded with a great breakthrough，the smile on their faces shining like a diamond．(独立主格结构) 经过多年的艰苦研究，他们获得了巨大的突破，脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。
语料运用
①伊迪丝是一个天赋异禀的女孩，她热衷于科学和发明。
Edith was a gifted girl who was keen on science and invention．
②她几乎把所有的时间都奉献给了发明一种能改善老年人幸福感的精致设备。
She donated almost all her time to inventing a delicate device which could improve the well-being of the elderly．
③她既兴奋又激动，在课堂上展示了她的设备，但由于她失败了，引来了哄堂大笑。(形容词作状语)
Excited and thrilled，she showed her device in the class，but it brought a roar of laughter because she failed．
④然而，她并没有气馁，而是勉强挤出一丝微笑，并坚定地宣布她迟早会做到的。
However，instead of being discouraged，she forced a faint smile and firmly announced she would make it sooner or later．
⑤她拒绝了许多娱乐活动，克服了无数困难，终于改进了自己的发明并取得了成功，这使她笑逐颜开。(分词短语作状语；定语从句)
Having declined many entertainments and overcome numerous difficulties，she finally improved her invention and succeeded，which made her beam with pleasure．
⑥这位15岁的天才女孩嘴角挂着灿烂的笑容，向国家科学俱乐部提交了她的作品，决心申请一个专利。(with的复合结构；形容词短语作状语)
With a big/broad/wide/bright smile on her lips，the 15-year-old gifted girl submitted her work to the National Science Club，determined to apply for a patent．
⑦听到这个好消息，周围的人都为她高兴。她的努力终于得到了回报。
Hearing the good news，all people around her were happy for her．Her efforts finally paid off．
课时数智作业(三十)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟)
(2024·苏锡常镇四市调研)
No poverty，zero hunger，quality education，these are some of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) the United Nations (U．N．) established in 2015．In April 2019，the U．N．launched the SDG Book Club; each month，it posts on the club website a selection of books that illustrate a particular SDG to help young people interact with these goals．
Batesville Intermediate School launched the Junior Ambassadors (大使) program in August 2019，using the SDG Book Club as a springboard to introduce students to a more global view on world issues．Twenty-four 4th and 5th graders met for 30 minutes four days a week to read，discuss，research，and conduct the sharing of knowledge and solutions to these issues．Research activities，special projects，and guest speakers are additional opportunities for junior ambassadors to build knowledge．What began as a desire to help small-town children expand their views grew into a broader program that affected the school，community，and beyond．
The U．N．'s recommendation of Serafina's Promise by Ann E．Burg was perfect for the junior ambassadors to begin their study of the first SDG: no poverty．The book is set in Haiti，so members of local Haitian groups were invited to speak to the program participants．Then，the junior ambassadors used their new-found knowledge to create multimedia lessons，sharing them with the other 480 students．
The study of the second SDG—zero hunger—gave junior ambassadors an opportunity to organize and carry out a read-a-thon (a reading marathon) to raise funds for the Grain of Rice Project's school initiative in Kenya．The non-profit's co-founder，Amy Ahiga spoke to and inspired the students with her passion for helping others．
Junior ambassadors use what they learn to engage with their community and the world，earning the school the American Library Association's 2020 Sara Jaffarian School Library Program Award for Excellence in Humanities Programming．They can look back with pride，knowing they made a difference．With increased confidence and skills，these children will know that they can and will continue to save the world—one goal at a time．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一所学校推出的“青少年大使者”项目。
1．What does the SDG Book Club do？( )
A．Teach reading techniques．
B．Provide quality education．
C．Address global conflicts．
D．Recommend selected books．
D [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“each month，it posts on the club website a selection of books that illustrate a particular SDG to help young people interact with these goals”可知，这个图书俱乐部每月会在其网站上发布一些书目，以帮助年轻人和联合国的17个可持续发展目标(SDGs)互动，所以其活动是推荐选定的书目。故选D。]
2．What was the initial aim of launching the Junior Ambassadors program？( )
A．To broaden children's horizons．
B．To motivate children to set goals．
C．To stress the importance of reading．
D．To make an impact on the community．
A [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“to introduce students to a more global view on world issues”以及“help small-town children expand their views”可知，“青少年大使者”项目让学生对世界问题有全球性视野，让小城镇的孩子们也能扩展他们的视野。由此可知，该项目最初的目的是开阔孩子们的视野。故选A。]
3．What is the similarity in the study of the first and second SDGs？( )
A．Multimedia lessons were created．
B．Guest speakers concerned were invited．
C．Students were inspired to raise funds．
D．Junior ambassadors organized read-a-thons．
B [细节理解题。根据第三、四段的内容可知，第一个可持续发展目标邀请了海地当地团体的成员和项目参与者交谈，青少年大使们用学到的知识创建多媒体课程，并和别的学生们分享；第二个可持续发展目标给了青少年大使们组织和开展阅读马拉松的机会，为肯尼亚的米粒项目筹集资金，该地区非营利组织的联合创始人和学生们交流并鼓励他们。由此可知，两个目标的共同点是邀请了相关的特邀发言人。故选B。]
4．Which of the following can be the most suitable title for the passage？( )
A．Earning an Award from Reading
B．Working Toward a Sustainable World
C．Establishing a Platform to Share Viewpoints
D．Providing a Springboard for Future Life
B [标题归纳题。整篇文章讨论了如何通过可持续发展目标读书会和“青少年大使者”项目来推动可持续发展目标的实现。文章提到了三个目标：无贫困、零饥饿和优质教育。文中描述了这些目标是如何通过阅读和社区参与来实现的。故选B。]
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟)
Here are some examples of AI in education that have made education even more amazing!
Personalized Learning Assistants
These AI-powered virtual assistants are designed to help students in their learning journey by providing personalized support and guidance． 1 ．With the help of these assistants，students can explore topics at their own pace and dig deeper into subjects that interest them．One practical example is Jenni AI．It represents how AI can support personalized learning by helping complete difficult tasks like writing and research．
Universal Access
2 ．Through AI-powered apps，students from all around the world can benefit from educational resources regardless of their location or language．These apps offer a wide range of learning opportunities that can be accessed anytime and anywhere． 3 ， opening doors to educational content and support that was previously limited．
Speech Recognition
Speech recognition is an advanced technology that can turn teachers' words into text． 4 ．Instead of taking notes yourself，AI can listen to the teacher's words and write them down automatically．Thanks to this meeting assistant，which never misses anything important，learning and communicating have become much easier．
Adaptive Learning Platforms
These platforms use AI algorithms (算法) to analyze student data and generate personalized learning paths．By understanding how students learn and their specific strengths and weaknesses，the platform adjusts the difficulty and content of the lessons accordingly． 5 ， which align (与……一致) with their individual needs and learning styles．
A．With AI technology，barriers to geography and language are cleared
B．It can make lesson planning easier and more effective
C．Imagine you're in an online class and the teacher is teaching
D．The tool uses AI to analyze the learning goals of students
E．This ensures that students receive targeted instruction and materials
F．They act as friendly partners，answering questions and giving explanations
G．AI plays an important role in providing access to high-quality education worldwide
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能在教育方面的好处。
1．F [根据上文内容以及下文“With the help of these assistants．．．It represents how AI can support personalized learning by helping complete difficult tasks like writing and research．”可知，上下文都提到了“这些助手”可知，本句是在说明这些助手的作用。故选F。]
2．A [根据下文“Through AI-powered apps，students from all around the world can benefit from educational resources regardless of their location or language．”可知，人工智能在教育中的应用可以打破地域和语言的限制。故选A。]
3．E [根据下文“opening doors to educational content and support that was previously limited”可知，每个学生都能从人工智能中收益，得到适合自己的学习材料。故选E。]
4．C [根据上文“Speech recognition is an advanced technology that can turn teachers' words into text．”以及下文“Instead of taking notes yourself．．．learning and communicating have become much easier．”可知，本句是在假设上课的场景，然后由人工智能记录下老师的话。故选C。]
5．B [根据上文以及下文“which align with their individual needs and learning styles”可知，上文提到平台会相应地调整课程的难度和内容，本句承接上文，说明这么做的好处。故选B。]
Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟)
(2024·福建莆田三模)
Chinese scientists have started a scientific expedition to the Mount Qomolangma．1． total of 170 scientists have begun to do research on water，ecology and human activity，aiming 2． __________ (reveal) the mechanism of environmental change and optimize the ecological security barrier system on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau．
3． __________ (label) as the roof of the world and water tower of Asia，the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is an essential ecological security barrier in China．It is also a natural laboratory for 4． __________ (conduct) research on the evolution of Earth and life，and the relationship between man and Earth．5． __________ an important part of the research，the ongoing expedition is 6． __________ (particular) important to the study of the impact of climatic and environmental changes in the Mount Qomolangma region on other parts of the world．
The expedition focuses on major scientific 7． __________ (issue)，such as how the extreme high-altitude environment of the Mount Qomolangma changes under the influence of global warming，according to Yao Tandong，8． __________ is the team leader．“The expedition has realized the 9． __________ (transform) from ‘I want to conquer you’ to ‘I want to understand you’， achieved the application of new technologies and resulted in important international influence，” he said．So far，many scientific achievements 10． __________ (make)．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国科学家已开始对珠穆朗玛峰进行多方位科学考察，旨在揭示青藏高原环境变化的机制，优化生态安全屏障系统。
1．A [考查固定短语。固定短语a total of (总共)，句首单词首字母大写。故填A。]
2．to reveal [考查动词不定式。固定短语aim to do sth．(旨在做某事)，aim后面跟动词不定式形式。故填to reveal。]
3．Labeled/Labelled [考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词label和逻辑主语the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau之间是被动关系，label用过去分词形式作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Labeled/Labelled。]
4．conducting [考查非谓语动词。conduct作介词for的宾语，用动词-ing形式。故填conducting。]
5．As [考查介词。根据句意可知，此处表示“作为”，后跟名词短语，所以用介词as，句首单词首字母大写。故填As。]
6．particularly [考查副词。副词particularly作状语，修饰形容词important。故填particularly。]
7．issues [考查名词复数。issue作宾语，为可数名词，前面无限定词，所以用名词复数表示泛指。故填issues。]
8．who [考查非限制性定语从句。该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Yao Tandong，指人，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词who。故填who。]
9．transformation [考查不可数名词。空处作宾语，应用名词transformation，为不可数名词。故填transformation。]
10．have been made [考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语So far可知，用现在完成时态，主语many scientific achievements和谓语动词make之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语为复数，所以助动词用have。故填have been made。]
Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·浙江绍兴模拟)
Ms Johnson will never forget Chelsea，a wounded soul．Over the years Chelsea had always struggled，both academically and with self-confidence．Additionally，her mother had died after a heroic battle with a terminal illness when Chelsea was a fifth grader．As she began her sixth grade，Chelsea was still hurting．Ms Johnson worried about her with good reason．
Each fall，Ms Johnson takes the students for a five-day adventure at Wolf Ridge，an environmental learning center in the woods of Northern Minnesota overlooking Lake Superior．The week is filled with learning，team building，and overcoming seemingly impossible challenges．They go in October，and the turning leaves of trees come to symbolize the changes happening to the students over the week．The steps and growth students make at Wolf Ridge become a metaphor Ms Johnson uses throughout the year as her students face challenges in the classroom．
The most difficult activity is the adventure ropes，which stretch from tower to tower high among the treetops 25－30 feet above the ground．Ms Johnson knew this experience would be particularly difficult for Chelsea．
When it was time for her to fasten the harness (保护带)，Chelsea was already trembling．The harness offers physical protection，but not much mental comfort when nothing but a slippery board or an unsteady wire is between your feet and the ground far below．Chelsea stepped hesitantly onto the Swinging Wood Bridge，and only after the instructor's encouragement，slowly made her way across its shaky boards up to the first tower．With the support of a chaperone (监护人) stationed there，she began her way across the Burma Bridge，made of merely three wires and straps．Her trembling body added to its shaking．From down below，her ground partners shouted out supportively，“Come on，Chelsea；you're doing great！”
Chelsea finally reached the second tower and eventually stepped out onto the next challenge and slowly inched her way across．
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Now she faced what for many is the most difficult activity：the Single Wire．
The final challenge is a zip line (滑索)，which requires leaping off the last tower and sliding to the ground．
【参考范文】
Now she faced what for many is the most difficult activity：the Single Wire．Thinking about the fact that there was only one wire，Chelsea was trembling again and afraid to take one more step．But hearing the cheers from her teacher and classmates below，she got to gain courage．Holding the harness tightly，Chelsea began to walk step by step carefully and cautiously．Finally，she made it．
The final challenge is a zip line (滑索)，which requires leaping off the last tower and sliding to the ground．Staring at the zip line，Chelsea didn't feel frightened any longer．Because she found it is much easier to slide to the ground with the line．She had experienced much tougher activities before，so she had the faith to go through it．Without hesitation，Chelsea slid along the zip line and landed on the ground safe and sound．All her teacher and classmates applauded her and there was a wide smile on her face．
12/16核心 词汇 1．__________ n．健康，幸福，舒适 2．__________ n．垃圾 3．__________ n．设备，装置；修辞手段 4．__________ adj．立刻的，马上的 5．__________ vt．发射；发动，发起，开始从事 6．__________ vi．& vt．分割，把……分开；分成(不同部分) 7．__________ adj．坦率的，直言不讳的 8．__________ adj．恒久不变的；持续不断的，经常发生的 n．常量，恒量 9．__________ n．研究的结果；发现 10．__________ n．生物学家 11．__________ vt．察觉，注意到，发觉 12．__________ num．百万 13．__________ adj．谦虚的，谦卑的 14．__________ n．结果，后果 15．__________ adj．联合的，共同的，共有的 16．__________ vi．出现，浮现 17．__________ vt．克服(困难)，控制(感情)；征服，战胜 18．__________ vi．减少，降低 19．__________ adj．宏伟的，壮丽的，隆重的 20．__________ n．意外收获，额外的好处；奖金；红利 21．__________ n．重力，引力 22．__________ n．水蒸气；蒸汽动力 23．__________ vi．通信 24．__________ adv．后来，随后 25．__________ n．相对性
阅读 词汇 1．__________ n．轨道 vi．& vt．沿轨道运行 2．__________ n．物理学家 3．__________ n．圆管，管子；电视显像管，阴极射线管 4．__________ n．运气；巧合 5．__________ n．彻底变革，革命 6．__________ adj．机械的 7．__________ n．维生素 8．__________ adj．节省劳力的 9．__________ n．显微镜 10．__________ n．人造卫星；卫星 11．__________ n．粒子，质点 12．premier adj．__________ 13．mould n．__________ 14．penicillin n．__________ 15．navy n．__________ 16．missile n．__________ 17．circuit n．__________ 18．incubation n．__________ 19．PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) n．__________ 20．cosmology n．__________ 21．kettle n．__________ 22．fibre n．__________
拓展 词汇 1．entertain v．招待；使快乐；娱乐→__________ n．娱乐活动，娱乐节目→__________ adj．有趣的 2．gift n．天赋，天才，才能；礼物→__________ adj．有天赋的，有才华的 3．product n．产品；产物→__________ adj．多产的；丰饶的；富有成效的→__________ v．生产 n．农产品→__________ n．生产；产量 4．science n．科学→__________ adj．科学(上)的→__________ n．科学家 5．donate vi．& vt．捐献(器官)，献(血)；捐赠，捐献→__________ n．捐赠，捐献→__________ n．捐赠者 6．accurate adj．正确的，准确的→__________ n．准确性；精准度；正确，准确→__________ adv．准确地 7．efficient adj．高效的→__________ adv．有效率地，高效能地→__________ adj．效率低的→__________ n．效率 8．propose vt．提出(某观点、方法等)→__________ n．提议；建议；求婚 9．clue n．线索；提示→__________ adj．一无所知的，一窍不通的 10．evaluate v．评价，评估→__________ n．评估，评价 11．theory n．学说，理论→__________ adj．理论的 12．boil vi．& vt．(使)沸腾，煮沸；(用开水)煮 n．沸腾→__________ adj．炎热的；炽热的→__________ adj．煮沸的，煮熟的 13．improve v．改善；提高→__________ n．改善，改进；改进之处 14．available adj．可利用的；可得到的→__________ n．可能性 15．explode vi．& vt．(使)爆炸；急剧增长→__________ n．爆炸；激增→__________ adj．(易)爆炸的；激增的 16．mass n．大量，大宗adj．大量的→__________ adj．巨大的；非常严重的 17．sail v．航行，起航→__________ n．水手，海员→__________ n．帆船运动；航行 18．illustrate vt．说明，阐明；给(书籍、文章等)加插图→__________ n．说明，阐明；插图 19．regulate vt．控制，管理→__________ n．规则；规章；管理 20．preserve vt．保存(食物)，腌制；维护，保护 n．腌菜，果酱→__________ n．维护；保存 21．specific adj．特别的；具体的；明确的→__________ adv．特定地，专门地 22．electric adj．用电的，带电的，电动的→__________ adj．电的，用电的→__________ adj．电子的→__________ n．电；电能
高频 短语 1．__________ 虽然；不顾；尽管……(仍……) 2．__________范围从……到…… 3．__________ 算出，想出 4．__________ 埋头于，专心致志于 5．__________ 近似于，有点像 6．__________ 挑出；挑选 7．__________向某人求助 8．be dedicated to doing__________ 9．come up __________ 10．reflect on __________ 11．every once in a while __________ 12．put．．．into operation __________ 13．be reduced to．．．__________ 14．be diagnosed with __________ 15．in a joint effort __________
句型 公式 1．If you had to choose the single most important discovery of the 20th century，you would have a real problem on your hands．(if引导的虚拟条件句) 如果你必须选出20世纪最重要的一项发现，你将面临一个真正的问题。 2．He double-checked and saw a blue mould in the dish around which the bacteria had been destroyed．(“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句) 他再次检查后，发现盘子里有一种蓝色的霉菌，而霉菌周围的细菌已经被杀死了。 3．．．．it used so much energy that when it was turned on，the lights in the local town went out！(so．．．that．．．引导结果状语从句) ……它消耗如此多的电量，以至于当它启动的时候，当地城镇的灯都熄灭了！ 4．Human life on this planet has been transformed into a “global village”，with all the different countries linked in the chain of common interests．(with＋宾语＋done) 这个星球上的人类生活已经转变为一个“地球村”，所有不同的国家在共同利益的链条中相互联系。 5．This hole led to another universe，completely separate from our own．[形容词(短语)作状语] 这种洞通向另一个宇宙，与我们的宇宙完全分隔。 6．In The Grand Design (2010，with Leonard Mlodinow)，Hawking argued that we should look for a different way to discover the deepest secrets of the universe．(argue that．．．) 在《大设计》(2010年出版，与莱昂纳德·蒙洛迪诺合著)一书中，霍金认为我们应该寻找一种不同的方式去发现宇宙最深处的秘密。 7．As the water boiled，the steam made the top of the kettle bounce up and down．(as引导的时间状语从句) 当水沸腾时，水蒸气使水壶的盖子上下跳动。
The world needs innovations for our well-being．We need productive crops for the ever 1．__________ (increase) population，electric labour-saving devices to work more efficiently and some new ways to deal 2．__________ garbage．Some people think that only 3．__________ (gift) people can invent new things．For example，Einstein put forward the Theory of Relativity，4．__________ shows even time，mass or length are not constant．Biologist Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin．Eckert，5．__________ engineer and Mauchly，a physicist，produced a machine to improve the 6．__________ (accurate) of missiles in a joint effort．James Watt developed the steam engine．However，their achievements lay in the fact that they could perceive some otherwise ignored phenomena and they overcame 7．__________ (vary) difficulties．Subsequently outstanding outcomes emerged．If we common people are 8．__________ (dedicate) to the improvement of something，maybe we will cause a revolution．So if you want to find a good way to regulate traffic or 9．__________ (preserve) food，just launch your project instantly．A bonus is 10．__________ (specific) waiting for you．
1．entertainment n．[课本义] 娱乐活动，娱乐节目 [增补义]娱乐；款待，招待
①(人教版选择性必修第一册Unit 3) If it is ocean __________ (entertain) that you are looking for，come to Chimelong Ocean Kingdom!
②Humor makes average-looking people look cute and uninteresting people seem __________ (entertain)．
③Bob and Lily entertained us __________ dinner last night．
读后续写之情感描写
小汤米发现他的母亲在哭，便努力想尽办法让她开心。
Having found his mother weeping，little Tommy ________________________．
◎to one's entertainment使某人高兴的是
◎entertain vi．& vt．招待；娱乐；使快乐
◎entertain sb．to sth．用某物招待某人
◎entertain sb．with sth．用某物使某人快乐
◎entertaining adj．有趣的；令人愉快的
◎Traditional forms of entertainment like folk dances and puppet shows are still popular in some rural areas．
像民间舞蹈和木偶戏这样的传统娱乐形式在一些农村地区仍然很受欢迎。
2．gifted adj．[课本义]有天赋的，有才华的 [增补义]具有(令人愉快的特质)
①Michael may have been a dunce at mathematics，but he is gifted __________ languages．
②(人教版选择性必修第二册Unit 1)Stephen Hawking was one of the most famous and __________ (gift) scientists in physics．
一句多译
这个女孩有学习语言的天赋。
①The girl ______________________________________ learning languages．(gift)
②The girl ______________________________________ learning languages．(gifted)
◎be gifted in/at在……方面有天赋
◎gift n．天赋，天才，才能；礼物
◎have a gift for有……天赋
◎He is a confident and gifted Australian photographer．
他是一个自信且有天赋的澳大利亚摄影师。
3．instant [课本义] adj．立刻的，马上的 [增补义]adj．速溶的 n．立即，瞬间
①When he looked to the side，he saw __________ (instant) that it wasn't a dog at all．
②__________ an instant，he took off his coat and jumped into the water．
词汇升级
(普通表达)The instant he got to the station，the train had left already．
(高级表达)_______ _________________ he got to the station，the train had left already．
◎the instant一……就……
◎in an instant立即
◎instantly adv．立即，马上
◎The instant little Tom lost sight of his mother，he broke down．
小汤姆一看不见他的妈妈就崩溃了。
4．propose vt．[课本义] 提出(某观点、方法等) [增补义]提议；打算；求婚
①(人教版必修第二册Unit 1) Experts investigated the issue，conducted several tests，and then made a __________ (propose) for how the buildings could be saved．
②He proposed __________ (change) the name of the company．
应用文写作之建议信
至于礼物，我建议你应该选一些具有新西兰特色的，这一定会赢得你朋友的喜爱。
As to presents，______________________________________ some with New Zealand features，which is bound to win your friend's affection．
◎propose doing．．．建议做……
◎propose that．．．(should) do．．．建议……
◎proposal n．提议；建议；求婚
◎the proposal to do．．．做……的建议
◎Reading researchers have proposed a theory called “shallowing hypothesis”．
阅读研究人员提出了一种叫作“肤浅假说”的理论。
5．decline [课本义]vi．减少，降低 [增补义]vi．& vt．谢绝，拒绝 n．减少，下降，衰落
①(译林版选择性必修第一册Unit 3)In fact，the Northern Song Dynasty was __________ decline by this stage．
②The old couple declined __________ (accept) our reward for their kind help and fine care．
完成句子
去年，到度假村的游客数量减少了60%。
The number of tourists to the resort ______________________________________．
◎a decline in在……方面下降
◎in decline/on the decline在衰退中
◎decline to减少到……
◎decline by减少了……
◎decline to do sth．拒绝做某事
◎Thankfully，this is a disease that is now on the decline．
令人欣慰的是，这是一种现在正在减少的疾病。
6．explode [课本义]vi．& vt．(使)爆炸；急剧增长 [增补义]vi．(感情)迸发
①Charles exploded __________ anger when hearing the news．
②On seeing his funny expression，we all exploded __________ laughter．
③The __________ (explode) could be heard a mile away．
完成句子
在旅游季节，该景点的人口可能会激增至40 000人。
______________________________________ 40，000 during the tourist season in the place of interest．
◎explode with anger/rage勃然大怒
◎explode into．．．爆发出……；突然……起来
◎explosive adj．(易)爆炸的；激增的；暴躁的 n．炸药
◎explosion n．爆炸；激增
◎“Of course there's something wrong！” Jem exploded．
“当然是出了毛病！”杰姆大发雷霆道。
7．figure out 算出，想出；弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白
①Have you figured __________ the cost of food for our holiday
②I figure __________ going to New York in January．
完成句子
没过多久，孩子们就想出了正确的答案。
It didn't take the children long to ______________________________________．
◎figure in把……考虑在内
◎figure on计划；打算；预料到
◎(2024·北京卷)They figure out what they are good at．
他们清楚自己擅长什么。
8．turn to 求助于； 转向；翻到(页码)
①He turned __________ my suggestion without hesitation．
②He promised to attend the meeting，but hasn't turned __________ yet．
③I'll turn my shop __________ to my son after I retire．
④The factory turned __________ more products than they had expected．
应用文写作之建议信
如果你遇到新单词，你可以向词典寻求帮助。
If you meet new words，_____________________________________________．
◎turn down关小；拒绝
◎turn up开大；出现；被找到
◎turn (．．．) into．．．(使……)成为……
◎turn out结果是；证明是；生产出
◎turn over (使)打翻；翻身；移交
◎(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)So I turned to cycling．
因此我转向了骑行。
9．[教材原句]If you had to choose the single most important discovery of the 20th century，you would have a real problem on your hands．(if引导的虚拟条件句)
如果你必须选出20世纪最重要的一项发现，你将面临一个真正的问题。
①They might have found a better hotel if they __________ (drive) a few more kilometers．
②If it __________ (rain) this afternoon，the basketball match would be put off．
③If I __________ (be) a flower，I would bring people a nice spring．
一句多译
如果那个宇航员明天来我们学校，我就和她合影。
①If that astronaut ______________________________________ tomorrow，I would take a photo with her．(did)
②If that astronaut ______________________________________ tomorrow，I would take a photo with her．(were to do)
③If that astronaut ______________________________________ tomorrow，I would take a photo with her．(should do)
◎与现在事实相反：If＋主语＋过去式/were，主语＋should/could/would/might＋动词原形。
◎与过去事实相反：If＋主语＋had＋动词-ed形式，主语＋should/could/would/might＋have＋动词-ed形式。
◎与将来事实相反：If＋主语＋should do/did/were to do，主语＋should/could/would/might＋动词原形。
◎If I had followed my parents' advice at that time，I would not have encountered so many difficulties in life．
要是我那时听从了父母的建议，我就不会在生活中遇到那么多的困难。
10．[教材原句]He double-checked and saw a blue mould in the dish around which the bacteria had been destroyed．(“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句)
他再次检查后，发现盘子里有一种蓝色的霉菌，而霉菌周围的细菌已经被杀死了。
①Ours is a beautiful country，of __________ we are greatly proud．
②Who is the man with __________ our teacher is shaking hands
读后续写之动作描写
他递给我一支钢笔，我用它写下了我的名字。
He handed me a pen _____________________________________________．
◎在“介词＋关系代词”结构引导的定语从句中，关系代词指物时用which；指人时用whom，而不能用that或who代替。
◎Mr Wang has benefited me a lot，without whose teachings I would not have achieved so much．
王老师使我受益匪浅，没有他的教导我就不会取得这么大的成就。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．The truck hit the car，and the driver was killed __________ (instant)．
2．She was blown off her feet by the shock wave from the __________ (explode)．
3．A large number of new __________ (gift) people have emerged in the academic world．
4．The general proposed that they __________ (cease) firing and negotiate a compromise．
5．To my __________ (entertain)，the cat jumped up in panic when seeing the cucumber．
6．Have you ever __________ anything to the charity Last week，our organization received a large __________ of money and learning materials，but we didn't know who was the generous __________．(donate)
7．While calculating the maths problem，you should pay more attention to the __________ of the numbers，or you can't figure it out __________．(accurate)
8．He __________ abolishing the regulation but no one agreed to his __________．(propose)
9．As an __________ secretary，she can organize various jobs __________ and improve her __________．(efficient)
10．After months of learning，his English has __________ a lot，and his parents are also pleased with the __________．(improve)
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．decline
A．v．谢绝 B．n．减少 C．v．下降 D．v．衰退，衰弱
(1)The minister declined to make a comment on the legend． __________
(2)Besides，the number of snakes had declined as well． __________
(3)Of course，our brains can decline as we grow older for lots of reasons—including other environmental influences or genetic factors． __________
(4)(2023·浙江1月卷)Habitat loss，pesticide use，and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades，which has damaged the U．S．agricultural economy． __________
2．launch
A．v．发射(卫星等) B．v．创办；发行 C．v．发起(尤指有组织的活动) D．n．(新产品)投入市场
(1)The Idler was launched by Tom Hodgkinson，back in 1993． __________
(2)It is confirmed that China will launch more spacecrafts to the moon in the following year． __________
(3)(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Riders have printed nearly 20，000 short stories and poems since the program was launched last March． __________
(4)After the launch of the products，they have won good praises from customers for their convenient and high-efficient superior properties． __________
3．My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy's dad with their permission． __________
A．宏伟的 B．隆重的 C．极好的
4．For example，most of us would expect older drivers always go slower than everyone else but surprisingly，we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined．
__________
A．固定的；不变的
B．经常的
C．重复的
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．如果我是这名老师，我会用另一种方式来解决这个问题。
If ________________________ the teacher，I ________________________ in another way．(if引导的虚拟条件句)
2．他如此严厉地责备她，以至于这个女孩想放弃。
He blamed her _______________________________．(so．．．that．．．引导结果状语从句)
3．As a new stadium has been built in our school，more sports events can be held．
→______________________________________more sports events can be held．(with的复合结构)
假设你是红星中学学生会主席李华，应学校要求，你需要向来学校参观的外国学生介绍中国古代的四大发明，内容包括：
1．四大发明都有哪些；
2．其对中国和世界的影响；
3．你的感想。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节。
写作微练
①我很自豪也很高兴地站在这里向大家介绍中国的四大发明，包括造纸术、印刷术、火药和指南针。(形容词作状语；定语从句)
_______________________________，I am standing here to introduce the Four Great Inventions of China to you，_______________________________．
②正如你们已经知道的，中国有着悠久的历史和众多显著的成就，其中就包括四大发明。(as引导定语从句；among which引导定语从句)
_______________________________China has a long history with numerous remarkable achievements _______________________________．
③四大发明意义如此重大，以至于它们对全球的发展产生了特别深远的影响。(so．．．that．．．引导结果状语从句)
The Four Great Inventions are _______________________________ they have had an especially profound influence on global development．
④如果没有造纸术和印刷术，人类文明和文化就不会被如此完好地保存和传播。如果没有指南针，欧洲水手就不会在海洋探险中进一步探索并实现突破。(if引导的虚拟条件句)
If there ______________________________________ papermaking and printing，human civilization and culture _______________________________ so well preserved and spread．If there _______________________________ the compass，European sailors _______________________________ further and made breakthroughs in the sea exploration．
⑤因此，人们普遍认为，四大发明不仅影响了中国，而且改变了整个世界。(argue；not only．．．but also．．．)
So ____________________________________________________ the Four Great Inventions ________________________．
⑥作为一个中国人，我坚定地认为我们有责任去保护它们，并使它们在世界上发挥更重要的作用。(preserve)
As a Chinese，I firmly believe that it is our duty to __________ and make them play a more important role in the world．
句式升级
⑦用倒装句升级句③
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妙笔成篇
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语料积累
教材 语料 亮词 性格品质描写：gifted；outspoken；humble
动作描写：donate；launch；perceive；propose；overcome；decline；explode；regulate；preserve
美句 1．Human life on this planet has been transformed into a “global village”．．． 2．Fleming remained humble about the amazing outcome of his discovery． 3．In the summer of 1905，this outspoken young man was rocking his one-year-old baby when he was suddenly inspired． 4．Without the breakthroughs of these pioneers in science and technology，whether lucky or planned，the world as we know it today would be a completely different place．
拓展 语料 单词 smile微笑；laugh发笑；roar放声大笑；simper矫揉造作地笑；tease取笑；mock嘲笑；smirk傻笑，自鸣得意地笑；giggle咯咯地笑，傻笑；sneer嘲笑
语块 a big/broad/wide/bright smile灿烂的微笑；explode with laughter哄堂大笑；force/manage/squeeze a smile强颜欢笑；flash a bright smile露出灿烂的微笑；beam with smiles/pleasure笑逐颜开；light (sth．) up喜形于色，喜气洋洋；crack a smile展颜微笑，莞尔一笑；burst into laughter/burst out laughing突然大笑起来；grin/smile from ear to ear笑得合不拢嘴；laugh heartily欢笑；scream with laughter放声大笑；smile bitterly苦笑；split into a smile绽放微笑；wear a broad smile满面笑容
句型 1．He said thanks and smiled with a row of perfect teeth． 他说了声谢谢，并笑着露出了一排完美的牙齿。 2．Grinning from ear to ear，she hurried to her bedroom with great expectations．(动词-ing形式短语作状语) 她笑得合不拢嘴，满怀期待地匆匆回到她的卧室。 3．Happily，when she pictured herself becoming a painter，her face lit up and lips curved in a smile． 令人高兴的是，当她想象自己成为一名画家时，她的脸上喜气洋洋，嘴角绽开了微笑。 4．Her mother was thrilled at the beautiful painting，a broad smile spreading across/crossing her face．(独立主格结构) 她的母亲对这幅美丽的画感到非常激动，脸上绽开了灿烂的笑容。 5．After years of painstaking research，they were rewarded with a great breakthrough，the smile on their faces shining like a diamond．(独立主格结构) 经过多年的艰苦研究，他们获得了巨大的突破，脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。
语料运用
①伊迪丝是一个天赋异禀的女孩，她热衷于科学和发明。
Edith was a gifted girl _____________________________________________．
②她几乎把所有的时间都奉献给了发明一种能改善老年人幸福感的精致设备。
She ________________________________________ which could improve the well-being of the elderly．
③她既兴奋又激动，在课堂上展示了她的设备，但由于她失败了，引来了哄堂大笑。(形容词作状语)
________________________________________，she showed her device in the class，but ________________________________________ because she failed．
④然而，她并没有气馁，而是勉强挤出一丝微笑，并坚定地宣布她迟早会做到的。
However，instead of being discouraged，she _____________________________
_________________ and firmly announced she would make it sooner or later．
⑤她拒绝了许多娱乐活动，克服了无数困难，终于改进了自己的发明并取得了成功，这使她笑逐颜开。(分词短语作状语；定语从句)
________________________________________，she finally improved her invention and succeeded，________________________________________．
⑥这位15岁的天才女孩嘴角挂着灿烂的笑容，向国家科学俱乐部提交了她的作品，决心申请一个专利。(with的复合结构；形容词短语作状语)
_________________________________，the 15-year-old gifted girl submitted her work to the National Science Club，_______________________________．
⑦听到这个好消息，周围的人都为她高兴。她的努力终于得到了回报。
________________________________________，all people around her were happy for her．Her efforts finally paid off．
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