03 母题必读 2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一英语考试(新高考Ⅱ卷)（真题解读）

2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新高考Ⅱ卷)
第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节　阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
　　　主题语境——人与自然。文本题材——卡洛秋季徒步节徒步活动。
内容梗概：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了卡洛秋季徒步节所提供的多种徒步活动，旨在为各级别的徒步爱好者提供多样化的选择，以满足他们不同的参与需求。
Choice of Walks for Beginner and Experienced Walkers
The Carlow Autumn Walking Festival is a great opportunity for the beginner，experienced or advanced walker to enjoy the challenges of Carlow's mountain hikes or the peace of its woodland walks．
Walk 1—The Natural World
With environmentalist anna Lamhna as the guide，this walk promises to be an informative tour．Walkers are sure to learn lots about the habitats and natural world of the Blackstairs．
Date and Time：Saturday，1st October，at 09：00
Start Point：Scratoes Bridge
Walk Duration：6 hours
Walk 2—Introduction to Hillwalking
Emmanuel Chappard，an experienced guide，has a passion for making the great outdoors accessible to all．This mountain walk provides an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to ensure you get the most from future walking trips．
Date and Time：Sunday，2nd October，at 09：00
Start Point：Deerpark Car Park
Walk Duration：5 hours
Walk 3—Moonlight Under the Stars
Walking at night time is a great way to step out of your comfort zone．Breathtaking views of the lowlands of Carlow can be enjoyed in the presence of welcoming guides from local walking clubs．A torch (手电筒) along with suitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark．Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission to participate．
Date and Time：Saturday，1st October，at 18：30
Start Point：The Town Hall
Walk Duration：3 hours
Walk 4—Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest
This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic principles of photography in the wild．Bring along your camera and enjoy the wonderful views along this well surfaced forest path．
Date and Time：Sunday，2nd October，at 11：45
Start Point：Kilbrannish Forest Recreation Area
Walk Duration：1.5 hours
[命题角度]　文本的理解能力和思维能力——考查细节理解之直接信息。 1．Which walk takes the shortest time？ A．The Natural World． B．Introduction to Hillwalking． C．Moonlight Under the Stars． D．Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest． 【命题风格——时间对比】　选项D正确。根据Walk 1—The Natural World部分中的“Walk Duration：6 hours”、Walk 2—Introduction to Hillwalking部分中的“Walk Duration：5 hours”、Walk 3—Moonlight Under the Stars部分中的“Walk Duration：3 hours”和Walk 4—Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest部分中的“Walk Duration：1.5 hours”可知，Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest所花的时间最短。 【命题风格——曲解文意】　选项A、B、C的徒步走所用时间均不是最短的。
[命题角度]　文本的理解能力和思维能力——考查细节理解之直接信息。 【命题风格——同义转换】　选项A正确。根据Walk 3—Moonlight Under the Stars部分中的“A torch along with suitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark．”可知，参加第三条徒步路线的徒步者需要带手电筒和穿着合适的衣服。选项A中的“proper clothes”对应原文中的“suitable clothing”。
2．What are participants in Walk 3 required to do？ A．Wear proper clothes． B．Join a walking club． C．Get special permits． D．Bring a survival guide． 【命题风格——曲解文意】　选项B和选项D与原文中“Breathtaking views of the lowlands of Carlow can be enjoyed in the presence of welcoming guides from local walking clubs．”意思不符；选项C与原文中“Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission to participate．”意思不符。
[命题角度]　文本的理解能力和思维能力——考查细节理解之直接信息。 【命题风格——信息对比】　选项D正确。根据Walk 1—The Natural World部分中的“Date and Time：Saturday，1st October，at 09：00”、Walk 2—Introduction to Hillwalking部分中的“Date and Time：Sunday，2nd October，at 09：00”、Walk 3—Moonlight Under the Stars部分中的“Date and Time：Saturday，1st October，at 18：30”和Walk 4—Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest部分中的“Date and Time：Sunday，2nd October，at 11：45”可知，这四条徒步路线的共同点是它们都安排在周末。
3．What do the four walks have in common？ A．They involve difficult climbing． B．They are for experienced walkers． C．They share the same start point． D．They are scheduled for the weekend． 【命题风格——曲解文意】　选项A、B、C均不是这四条徒步路线的共同点。
　　　主题语境——人与社会。文本题材——检票口的读书小亭。
内容梗概：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了旧金山湾区设立了一个小亭，供乘客打印纸质材料，以满足那些在乘车途中渴望阅读纸质读物的乘客的需求，并探讨了这一项目对当地交通的影响。
Do you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot to bring something to read Yes，we all have our phones，but many of us still like to go old school and read something printed．
Well，there's a kiosk (小亭) for that．In the San Francisco Bay Area，at least．
“You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you'll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one minute，a three minute，or a five minute story，” says Alicia Trost，the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit—known as BART．“You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt like short story．”
It's that simple．Riders have printed nearly 20，000 short stories and poems since the program was launched last March．Some are classic short stories，and some are new original works．
Trost also wants to introduce local writers to local riders．“We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest，” Trost says．“And as of right now，we've received about 120 submissions．The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist．”
Ridership on transit (交通) systems across the country has been down the past half century，so could short stories save transit
Trost thinks so．
“At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience．So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories，” she says．
And you'll never be without something to read．
[命题角度]　文本的理解能力和思维能力——考查推理判断之逻辑推断。 4．Why did BART start the kiosk program？ A．To promote the local culture． B．To discourage phone use． C．To meet passengers' needs． D．To reduce its running costs． 【命题风格——逻辑推断】　选项C正确。根据第一段中的“many of us still like to go old school and read something printed”以及最后一段“And you'll never be without something to read．”可推知，旧金山湾区快速交通系统发起了小亭项目，旨在满足那些喜欢在乘车过程中阅读印刷材料的乘客的需求。 【命题风格——无中生有】　选项A、B、D均未在原文中提及。
[命题角度]　文本的理解能力和思维能力——考查细节理解之直接信息。 5．How are the stories categorized in the kiosk？ A．By popularity． B．By length． C．By theme． D．By language． 【命题风格——直接信息】　选项B正确。根据第三段中的“it tells you can get a one minute，a three minute，or a five minute story”和“You choose which length you want”可知，你可以自行选择所需打印的故事长度，即小亭里的故事是按照长度进行分类的。 【命题风格——无中生有】　选项A、C、D均未在原文中提及。
[命题角度]　文本的理解能力和思维能力——考查细节理解之直接信息。 6．What has Trost been doing recently？ A．Organizing a story contest． B．Doing a survey of customers． C．Choosing a print publisher． D．Conducting interviews with artists． 【命题风格——直接信息】　选项A正确。根据第五段中的“We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest” 可知，Trost最近组织了一场故事比赛。 【命题风格——无中生有】　选项B、C、D均未在原文中提及。
[命题角度]　文本的理解能力和思维能力——考查推理判断之观点态度。 7．What is Trost's opinion about BART's future？ A．It will close down． B．Its profits will decline． C．It will expand nationwide． D．Its ridership will increase． 【命题风格——观点态度】　选项D正确。根据倒数第二段可知，所有交通机构都在尽最大努力改善乘客的乘车体验，Trost坚信他们会因为短故事吸引更多的乘客。换句话说，在Trost看来，旧金山湾区快速交通系统的乘客数量将会增加。 【命题风格——无中生有】　选项A、B、C均未在原文中体现。
　　　主题语境——人与社会。文本题材——室内园艺系统保障新鲜蔬菜供应。
内容梗概：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴比伦微农场提供室内园艺系统，为家庭、医院、餐厅或学校等更大的受众提供服务。这种创新的设计能实现每周可靠的新鲜蔬菜供应，它通过云技术远程监控，减少种植植物所需的水量，实现可持续性，减少碳排放。
We all know fresh is best when it comes to food．However，most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table．While farmer's markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey，Babylon Micro Farm (BMF) shortens it even more．
BMF is an indoor garden system．It can be set up for a family．Additionally，it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital，restaurant or school．The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens．
Specifically，it's a farm that relies on new technology．By connecting through the Cloud，BMF is remotely monitored．Also，there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time．Because the system is automated，it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants．Rather than watering rows of soil，the system provides just the right amount to each plant．After harvest，users simply replace the plants with a new pre seeded pod (容器) to get the next growth cycle started．
Moreover，having a system in the same building where it's eaten means zero emissions (排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad．In addition，there's no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment．
BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives．About half of them walk or bike to work．Inside the office，they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single use plastic．“We are passionate about reducing waste，carbon and chemicals in our environment，” said a BMF employee．
[命题角度]　文本的理解能力和思维能力——考查细节理解之间接信息。 8．What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1？ A．It guarantees the variety of food． B．It requires day to day care． C．It cuts the farm to table distance． D．It relies on farmer's markets． 【命题风格——同义转换】　选项C正确。根据第一段最后一句可知，BMF(巴比伦微农场)缩短了食物从农场到餐桌的距离。选项C中的“cuts the farm to table distance”对应原文中的“reduce the journey”和“shortens it even more”。 【命题风格——无中生有】　选项A、B、D均未在原文中提及。
[命题角度]　文本的理解能力和思维能力——考查细节理解之直接信息。 9．What information does the convenient app offer？ A．Real time weather changes． B．Current condition of the plants． C．Chemical pollutants in the soil． D．Availability of pre seeded pods． 【命题风格——同义转换】　选项B 正确。根据第三段中的“there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time”可知，这个便捷的应用程序提供了实时的生长数据。选项B“Current condition of the plants．”对应原文中的“growing data in real time”。 【命题风格——无中生有】　选项A、C未在原文中提及。 【命题风格——曲解文意】　选项D是对原文第三段中“After harvest，users simply replace the plants with a new pre seeded pod to get the next growth cycle started．”的曲解。
[命题角度]　文本的理解能力和思维能力——考查推理判断之分析归纳。 10．What can be concluded about BMF employees？ A．They have a great passion for sports． B．They are devoted to community service． C．They are fond of sharing daily experiences． D．They have a strong environmental awareness． 【命题风格——分析归纳】　选项D正确。根据最后一段中的“BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives．About half of them walk or bike to work．Inside the office，they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single use plastic．”可知，BMF的员工在日常生活中践行可持续发展，如走路或骑自行车上班、鼓励回收和减少垃圾。由此推断，他们具有强烈的环保意识。 【命题风格——无中生有】　选项A、B、C均未在原文中提及。
[命题角度]　文本的理解能力和思维能力——考查主旨大意之文章大意。 11．What does the text mainly talk about？ A．BMF's major strengths． B．BMF's general management． C．BMF's global influence． D．BMF's technical standards． 【命题风格——总结归纳】　选项A 正确。通读全文可知，整篇文章主要讲述了BMF的优势，如减少食物运输距离、节水、无农药使用、减少碳排放等。 【命题风格——无中生有】　选项B、C、D均未在原文中提及。
　　　主题语境——人与社会。文本题材——评述《人工智能设计：与人工智能共生的计划》。
内容梗概：本文是一篇书评。文章主要评述了Catriona Campbell所写的《人工智能设计：与人工智能共生的计划》这本书。书中分析了当前人工智能发展的趋势和即将到来的人工智能革命，强调了人类需要对人工智能进行控制，以防止被边缘化甚至出现更糟的后果。
Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives，we all need to take action to deal with our AI powered future，and this is where AI by Design：A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in．This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革)．
In the wrong hands，such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) that powers AI but，thankfully，Campbell has more than two decades' professional experience translating the heady into the understandable．She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic，making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which，by the close，will make you feel almost as smart as AI．
As we soon come to learn from AI by Design，AI is already super smart and will become more capable，moving from the current generation of “narrow AI” to Artificial General Intelligence．From there，Campbell says，will come Artificial Dominant Intelligence．This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now—several decades before these developments are expected to take place．She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence，or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse．
Campbell's point is to wake up those responsible for AI—the technology companies and world leaders—so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it．She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction level event for humanity．We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out．Such structured thinking，followed by global regulation，will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall．
AI will affect us all，and if you only read one book on the subject，this is it．
[命题角度]　文本的理解能力和思维能力——考查词义猜测之短语含义。 12．What does the phrase“In the wrong hands” in paragraph 2 probably mean？ A．If read by someone poorly educated． B．If reviewed by someone ill intentioned． C．If written by someone less competent． D．If translated by someone unacademic． 【命题风格——分析推断】　选项C正确。根据第二段第一句中的“but”可知，所在句子前后是转折关系。but前提到，这本书可能会像计算机代码一样复杂难懂；but后指出这本书的作者Campbell拥有二十多年的专业经验，能将枯燥难懂的内容变得通俗易懂。由此可推知，but前应该是假设一个除了Campbell之外的作者写这本书，也就是指不太称职、不太专业的人写这本书的情况。 【命题风格——曲解文意】　选项A、B、D均曲解了原文的意思。
[命题角度]　文本的理解能力和思维能力——考查推理判断之归纳总结。 13．What is a feature of AI by Design according to the text？ A．It is packed with complex codes． B．It adopts a down to earth writing style． C．It provides step by step instructions． D．It is intended for AI professionals． 【命题风格——归纳总结】　选项B正确。根据第二段最后一句可知，本书的作者从商业人士(而非学者)的实用角度出发，使得这本书极易理解、内容丰富，即这本书采用一种接地气的写作风格。其中选项B中的“down to earth”(接地气的)与原文中的“practical”(实用的)和“highly accessible”(极易理解的)相呼应。 【命题风格——张冠李戴】　选项A“It is packed with complex codes．(这本书充满了复杂的代码。)”曲解了原文第二段第一句。 【命题风格——无中生有】　选项C、D未在原文中体现。
[命题角度]　文本的理解能力和思维能力——考查细节理解之间接信息。 14．What does Campbell urge people to do regarding AI development A．Observe existing regulations on it． B．Reconsider expert opinions about it． C．Make joint efforts to keep it under control． D．Learn from prior experience to slow it down． 【命题风格——同义替换】　选项C正确。根据第三段最后一句“She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence，or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse．”可知，Campbell提醒人们必须保持对人工智能的控制，即她呼吁人们联合起来共同控制人工智能的发展，以避免失去对它的控制和面临潜在的威胁。选项C中“keep it under control”对应原文中“keep control of artificial intelligence”。 【命题风格——无中生有】　选项A、B、D均未在原文中体现。
[命题角度]　文本的理解能力和思维能力——考查推理判断之写作目的。 15．What is the author's purpose in writing the text？ A．To recommend a book on AI． B．To give a brief account of AI history． C．To clarify the definition of AI． D．To honor an outstanding AI expert． 【命题风格——总结归纳】　选项A 正确。根据最后一段并结合全文可知，文章主要评述了Catriona Campbell所写的《人工智能设计：与人工智能共生的计划》这本书，并且作者强烈推荐这本书，因为它能够通俗易懂地为普通人提供人工智能的知识信息。因此，这篇文章的写作目的是推荐一本关于AI的书。 【命题风格——曲解文意】　选项B、C、D均无法从原文中推导出。
第二节　阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
　　　主题语境——人与社会。文本题材——过度旅游。
内容梗概：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了缓解过度旅游的一些具体的方法。
Overtourism Is For Real：How Can You Help
Travel promotes understanding，expands our minds，makes us better people，and boosts local economies and communities，but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations． 16 Certainly not．The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today's world．Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience．
Choose mindfully．Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason：they're special．With so many online posts featuring the same places，it's easy to feel like you're missing out．Go somewhere only when the landscape，culture or food deeply draws you． 17
Get creative．The best way to ease pressure on over touristed destinations is to go somewhere else．Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world，it's actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots．That means you have tons of less visited options to choose from． 18 Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination's lesser known sights
19 Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour．You'll compete with fewer tourists，save money，experience a different side of a popular place，and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower．
Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege (荣幸)．Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place． 20 You may be amazed how much closer you'll feel to the people there．
A．Visit during off peak times．
B．So，should we stop traveling
C．Travel for you and no one else．
D．Can overtourism be avoided then
E．You can still find relatively undiscovered places．
F．You'll find yourself virtually alone，or close to it．
G．Consider giving back to the communities you're visiting．
16．[命题角度]　文本的理解能力和思维能力——考查过渡句的选用。
【命题风格——段中设空】　答案为B。 根据空后的回答“Certainly not．”可知，空处应是一个疑问句。再根据空后的“The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today's world．”可知，设空处应是对旅行的提问，故B项符合语境。
17．[命题角度]　文本的理解能力和思维能力——考查段落结束句。
【命题风格——段末设空】　答案为C。根据本段首句可知，本段建议人们要谨慎选择旅行地点。根据空前“只有当一个地方的风景、文化或食物深深吸引你时，才去那里”可知，旅行地的选择应基于个人的真实兴趣，与他人无关，故C项符合语境。
18．[命题角度]　文本的理解能力和思维能力——考查过渡句的选用。
【命题风格——段中设空】　答案为E。根据本段主旨句“Get creative．”和空前“That means you have tons of less visited options to choose from．”可知，本段建议人们要有创意，还有很多旅行目的地可以选择。且E项中的“undiscovered places”与本段中的“less visited options”和“lesser known sights”相呼应。故选E。
19．[命题角度]　文本的理解能力和思维能力——考查段首标题句。
【命题风格——段首设空】　答案为A。根据文章结构可知，设空处是该段的主旨句。根据空后的“Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour．”及下文内容可知，该段要强调错峰出行，并指出了错峰出行的好处。A项“Visit during off peak times．(在淡季时访问。)”能概括本段大意，符合语境。
20．[命题角度]　文本的理解能力和思维能力——考查过渡句的选用。
【命题风格——段中设空】　答案为G。空前的“Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place．”指出，要尽自己的力量保护你所参观地方的特色。G项中的“giving back”呼应上句中的“preserve”。同时，G项中的“communities”也是空后句中的“there”所指。因此G项“Consider giving back to the communities you're visiting．(考虑回馈你正在参观的社区。)”符合语境。第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节　完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
　　　主题语境——人与自我。文本题材——定居意大利。
内容梗概：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者选择定居意大利的原因。
When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago，I didn't think too long．I liked traveling in France，but when it came to picking my favorite spot to 21 ，Italy was the clear winner．
During my first visit to Italy，I 22 to ask for directions or order in a restaurant．But every time I tried to 23 a sentence of Italian together，the locals smiled at me and 24 my language skills．That encouragement helped me to get through the language 25 ．After I made Italy my permanent home，I discovered how 26 Italians are．Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to 27 me to close the window in my car when rain is coming．It's these small 28 of kindness that make a new country feel like home．
As a foodie，the way to my heart is through my stomach，and nowhere fuels my 29 quite like Italy．Each town has its own traditional 30 ，and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another．Families 31 for big meals on Sundays，birthdays，and whatever other excuses they can 32 ．These meals are always 33 by laughter and joy．Whatever 34 life in Italy might have，the problems are 35 once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family．
21．A．study B．rent C．visit D．settle [命题角度]　知识的运用能力——考查语篇层次题。 【命题风格——动词词义辨析】　答案为D。根据下文的“After I made Italy my permanent home”可知，“我”定居在了意大利。由此可推知，这里指当涉及选择“定居”场所的时候。study“学习”；rent“租”；visit“参观；拜访”；settle“定居”。
22．A．planned B．struggled C．refused D．happened [命题角度]　知识的运用能力——考查句内层次题。 【命题风格——动词词义辨析】　答案为B。根据上下文可知，作者初到意大利，语言不通，所以在问路和在餐厅点菜时会遇到困难。plan“计划”；struggle“挣扎”；refuse“拒绝”；happen“发生；碰巧”。struggle to do sth．意为“艰难地做某事”。
23．A．string B．hang C．mix D．match [命题角度]　知识的运用能力——考查语篇层次题。 【命题风格——动词词义辨析】　答案为A。根据上下文语境和“tried”可推知，作者的意大利语讲得并不流利。由此可推知，这里是指作者努力“拼凑”出一句话。string“把(单词或短语)连成句子”；hang“悬挂”；mix“混合”；match“配对；匹配”。
24．A．improved B．assessed C．admired D．praised [命题角度]　知识的运用能力——考查句内层次题。 【命题风格——动词词义辨析】　答案为D。根据上文的“smiled”以及下文的“That encouragement helped me”可推知，虽然作者的意大利语说得蹩脚，但是意大利人还是会“夸奖”作者的语言技能。improve“提高”；assess“分析”；admire“钦佩”；praise“夸奖；表扬”。
25．A．course B．barrier C．area D．test [命题角度]　知识的运用能力——考查句间层次题。 【命题风格——名词词义辨析】　答案为B。根据语境可推知，这里是说意大利人的鼓励帮助作者跨过了语言障碍。course“课程”；barrier“障碍”；area“区域”；test“测试”。
26．A．open minded B．strong willed C．warm hearted D．well informed [命题角度]　知识的运用能力——考查句间层次题。 【命题风格——形容词词义辨析】　答案为C。根据下文的“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to me to close the window in my car when rain is coming．It's these small of kindness that make a new country feel like home．”可知，意大利人是“热心的”人。open minded“思想开放的；无偏见的”；strong willed“意志坚定的”；warm hearted“热心的”；well informed“见多识广的；知识渊博的”。
27．A．remind B．allow C．persuade D．order [命题角度]　知识的运用能力——考查句间层次题。 【命题风格——动词词义辨析】　答案为A。根据下文的“to close the window in my car when rain is coming”可知，这里指意大利人在下雨的时候“提醒”作者关窗户。remind“提醒”；allow“允许”；persuade“说服”；order“命令”。
28．A．tricks B．promises C．acts D．duties [命题角度]　知识的运用能力——考查语篇层次题。 【命题风格——名词词义辨析】　答案为C。根据语境可知，这里指意大利人的这些小小的善举使作者有了家的感觉。trick“花招；诡计”；promise“承诺”；act“行为”；duty“责任；职责”。acts of kindness意为“善举”。
29．A．ambition B．success C．appetite D．growth [命题角度]　知识的运用能力——考查句内层次题。 【命题风格——名词词义辨析】　答案为C。根据上文的“As a foodie，the way to my heart is through my stomach”可知，作者是一个美食爱好者，因此这里指没有什么地方能像意大利一样激起作者的“食欲”。ambition“抱负；志向”；success“成功”；appetite“食欲；胃口”；growth“成长”。
30．A．costume B．dish C．symbol D．tale [命题角度]　知识的运用能力——考查语篇层次题。 【命题风格——名词词义辨析】　答案为B。根据上文提到的作者对于美食的热爱以及下文的“every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another”可推知，这里指每个小镇都有自己的传统“菜肴”。costume“服装”；dish“菜肴”；symbol“符号；象征”；tale“故事”。
31．A．gather B．cheer C．leave D．wait [命题角度]　知识的运用能力——考查句间层次题。 【命题风格——动词词义辨析】　答案为A。根据下文的“for big meals on Sundays，birthdays，and whatever other excuses”及“you sit down to a big meal with friends and family”可推知，意大利人热爱聚餐，他们会抓住各种机会，想出各种借口去“聚会”。gather“聚集；集合”；cheer“欢呼；加油”；leave“离开”；wait“等待”。
32．A．put up with B．stand up for C．come up with D．make up for [命题角度]　知识的运用能力——考查句内层次题。 【命题风格——动词短语辨析】　答案为C。根据语境可知，这里指意大利人热爱聚餐，因此会“提出”一切能想到的理由来聚会。put up with“忍受”；stand up for“支持；维护”；come up with“想到，提出(计划、想法等)”；make up for“弥补；补偿”。
33．A．signaled B．confirmed C．represented D．accompanied [命题角度]　知识的运用能力——考查句内层次题。 【命题风格——动词词义辨析】　答案为D。这里指意大利人聚餐总是“伴随”着欢声笑语。signal“表示；表明”；confirm“确认；证实”；represent“代表”；accompany“伴随”。
34．A．disadvantages B．meanings C．surprises D．opportunities [命题角度]　知识的运用能力——考查句内层次题。 【命题风格——名词词义辨析】　答案为A。根据下文的“problems”可推知，这里表示无论意大利的生活有什么“缺点”，一旦你与朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问题就会被“遗忘”。disadvantage“缺点；不利因素；不便之处”；meaning“意义”；surprise“惊喜”；opportunity“机会”。
35．A．created B．forgotten C．understood D．identified [命题角度]　知识的运用能力——考查句内层次题。 【命题风格——动词词义辨析】　答案为B。根据全文内容可知，本文描述了作者对意大利以及其饮食文化的热爱。由此可推知，一旦和朋友家人坐下享受一顿美餐，很多问题都能被弃之脑后(forgotten)。create“创造；创作”；forget“忘记”；understand“理解”；identify“识别；发现”。
第二节　语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
　　　主题语境——人与社会。文本题材——汤显祖和莎士比亚的相似之处。
内容梗概：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国明代戏剧家汤显祖与英国剧作家莎士比亚之间的文化联系以及他们对文化交流的贡献。
Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu，36． is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia，”add an international character to Stratford upon Avon，William Shakespeare's hometown．
Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616．Although they could never have met，there are common 37． (theme) in their works，said Paul Edmondson，head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust．“Some of the things that Tang was writing about 38． (be) also Shakespeare's concerns．I happen to know that Tang's play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways 39． Romeo and Juliet．”
A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare's Birthplace Garden in 2017．Two years later，a six meter tall pavilion，40． (inspire) by The Peony Pavilion，41． (build) at the Firs Garden，just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace．
Those cultural elements have increased Stratford's international 42． (visible)，said Edmondson，adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed 43． (find) the connection between the two great writers．
44． (recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare's play Richard Ⅲ in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion，Edmondson said，“It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language 45． see how Tang's play was being performed．”
36．[命题角度]　知识的运用能力——考查定语从句。
【命题风格——无提示词】　答案为who。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Tang Xianzu，指人，并在从句中作主语。
37．[命题角度]　知识的运用能力——考查名词复数。
【命题风格——有提示词】　答案为themes。根据空前的“there are”可知，空处应填theme的复数形式。
38．[命题角度]　知识的运用能力——考查时态和主谓一致。
【命题风格——有提示词】　答案为were。分析句子结构可知，空处作句子谓语，主语为“Some of the things”，是复数概念，且根据上下文语境可知，空处应用一般过去时。
39．[命题角度]　知识的运用能力——考查介词。
【命题风格——无提示词】　答案为to。此处考查固定短语be similar to，表示“与……相似”。
40．[命题角度]　知识的运用能力——考查过去分词。
【命题风格——有提示词】　答案为inspired。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语，修饰名词pavilion，表示“受《牡丹亭》启发”，应用过去分词形式表示被动。过去分词短语“inspired by The Peony Pavilion”作“a six meter tall pavilion”的后置定语。
41．[命题角度]　知识的运用能力——考查时态和语态。
【命题风格——有提示词】　答案为was built。分析句子结构可知，主语为a six meter tall pavilion，是单数形式，空处作句子的谓语，pavilion与build之间为被动关系。这里在描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态。
42．[命题角度]　知识的运用能力——考查词性转换。
【命题风格——有提示词】　答案为visibility。分析句子结构可知，空处作increased的宾语，且被形容词international修饰，应填visible的名词形式visibility，表示“知名度”。
43．[命题角度]　知识的运用能力——考查动词不定式。
【命题风格——有提示词】　答案为to find。此处考查be＋adj．＋to do结构。动词不定式to find 作状语，be amazed to do sth．意为“对做某事感到惊讶”。
44．[命题角度]　知识的运用能力——考查动词 ing形式。
【命题风格——有提示词】　答案为Recalling。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语，Edmondson和recall之间为主动关系，应用动词 ing形式作状语。空处位于句首，首字母须大写。
45．[命题角度]　知识的运用能力——考查并列连词。
【命题风格——无提示词】　答案为and。分析句子结构可知，空处连接两个并列成分“hear the Chinese language”和“see how Tang's play was being performed”。
第三部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节　应用文写作(满分15分)
　　　主题语境——人与社会。文本体裁——应用文。
命题角度：知识的综合运用能力和创新思维能力——考查语言能力和交际能力。
假定你是李华，上周五你们班在公园上了一堂美术课。请你给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括：
1．你完成的作品；
2．你的感想。
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Dear Chris，
I'm writing to share with you an art class I had in a park last Friday．
Yours，
Li Hua
[参考范文]　
Dear Chris，
I'm writing to share with you an art class I had in a park last Friday．I chose to paint a landscape featuring a calm lake surrounded by vibrant flowers and solemn trees．The sunlight and the gentle breeze made the whole scene come to life．
It was incredibly inspiring to be surrounded by nature．I felt a sense of peace and relaxation while painting outdoors，which was a completely different experience from our traditional classroom setting．Overall，the exciting experience gives me a lot of fun．I really enjoy it and hope we can have more classes like this in the future．
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节　读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
　　　主题语境——人与自我。文本体裁——记叙文。
命题角度：知识的综合运用能力和创新思维能力——考查语言能力和交际能力。
I met Gunter on a cold，wet and unforgettable evening in September．I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference．Due to a big storm，my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half．I touched down in Vienna just 30 minutes before the departure of the last bus to Prague．The moment I got off the plane，I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought．
That was when I met Gunter．I told him where I was going，but he said he hadn't heard of the bus station．I thought my pronunciation was the problem，so I explained again more slowly，but he still looked confused．When I was about to give up，Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend．After a heated discussion that lasted for what seemed like a century，Gunter put his phone down and started the car．
Finally，with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station．Thankfully，there was a long queue (队列) still waiting to board the bus．Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus，turned around，and looked at me with a big smile on his face．“We made it，” he said．
Just then I realised that I had zero cash in my wallet．I flashed him an apologetic smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard．He tried it several times，but the card machine just did not play along．A feeling of helplessness washed over me as I saw the bus queue thinning out．
At this moment，Gunter pointed towards the waiting hall of the bus station．There，at the entrance，was a cash machine．I jumped out of the car，made a mad run for the machine，and popped my card in，only to read the message：“Out of order．Sorry．”
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news．
Four days later，when I was back in Vienna，I called Gunter as promised．
[参考范文]　
I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news．He looked at me in disbelief，asking me what to do．Giving him another apologetic smile，I asked him for a delay in payment and promised to call him and pay him back the money I owed him．To my surprise，Gunter wrote down his phone number without hesitation and gave it to me，“Just keep your promise，sir．” A feeling of gratitude washed over me．I gave him a firm handshake，jumped out of the car and made a mad dash for the bus and jumped onto it just before it left．
Four days later，when I was back in Vienna，I called Gunter as promised．We met at the bus station where he had dropped me off four days before．As soon as I saw him，I gave him a big hug．I told him that thanks to his kindness and timely help，everything had gone smoothly．I paid him for the ride，along with a generous tip，but he declined．Before we parted that day，Gunter fished out his little phone and smiled, “Let's take a picture together，my friend！” This photo is still on my desk today，which serves as a reminder of trusting others and offering kindness．Every time I think of that cold，wet evening，a warm current still flows through my body．
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