2025新人教版八年级英语上册Unit 2 Home Sweet课文讲解学案

2025新人教版八年级英语上册Unit2课文讲解
A部分
1.I want to spend time with them before we move.在我们走之前我想和他们度过时光。
【用法讲解】 spend为动词，译为“花费”，其过去式为spent。
【常见搭配】 spend oneself 耗尽精力
Spend up 花光所有资源
Spend beyond one’s means 入不敷出
Eg: He spent himself completely in his work.
他工作得精疲力尽。
I’ve spent up all my savings.
我把所有的积蓄都花光了。
Many people spend beyond their means during the holiday season.
很多人在假期期间都会超支。
【知识拓展】 四种花费
(1)花时间做某事
It + takes sb. + 时间+ to do sth.
= 人 + spend + 时间 + doing sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间
Eg: It took me an hour to finish my homework last night.
= I spent an hour finishing my homework last night.
昨晚我花了一个小时完成作业。
(2)花钱买某物
人spend 钱 on sth. = sth. cost 人 + 钱 = pay 钱 for sth. 付款买某物
Eg: I paid five hundred yuan for this bike.
= I spent five hundred yuan on this bike.
= This bike cost me five hundred yuan.
我花500元买这辆自行车。
【即学即用】
( )1. He _______ three hours finishing his homework last night.
A.spent B. cost C. took D. paid
2.It took me a lot of time ________ (learn) English well.
答案：1. A 2. to learn
2.But we need to get ready before the movers come.但是在搬家公司的人来之前我们需要准备好。
【用法讲解】
Need为动词，译为“需要”；Need还可作情态动词，译为“需要”；无人称和数的变化，后面接动词原形。
【常见搭配】 need to do sth. “需要做某事（主动）”
Need doing sth. “需要做某事（被动）”
Eg: She need finish her homework in two hours. (need为情态动词)
她需要两个小时内完成作业。
She needs to finish her homework in two hours. (need为实义动词)
她需要两小时内完成作业。
The tree needs watering.
这颗树需要浇水。
ready为形容词，译为“准备好的、乐意的”；
Eg: The food is ready.
食物准备好了。
【常见搭配】 be ready to do sth. 乐于做某事
Get/be ready for sth. 为某事做准备
Ready money 现钱
Eg: Mike is ready to help others.
马克乐于助人。
The children are ready for bed.
孩子们已经准备好上床睡觉了。
He has plenty of ready money.
他有足够的现钱。
【即学即用】
( )1. Look! Your shirt is so dirty. It _______.
A.need washing B. need to wash C. needs washing D. need wash
2. He’s always ready ________ (help) his friends.
答案：1. C 2. to help
3.Could we keep some fish here 我们能在这养一些鱼吗？
【用法讲解】Keep为动词，译为“保持；保留；持续；使...保持某种状态；饲养”
【常见搭配】 keep + 形容词 “保持...”
Keep sb./sth. + 形容词 “使某人/某物保持某种状态”
Keep doing sth. “一直做某事”
Eg: Please keep calm.
请保持冷静。
Please keep promise.
请信守诺言。
Please keep the dictionary well.
请好好保存这本词典。
Please keep the room clean.
请保持房间干净。
My grandmother keeps some chicken in her yard.
我奶奶在庭院里养了一些鸡。
Mr. Wang keeps working day and night.
王先生没日没夜的工作。
【即学即用】
1.If you keep _______ (practice) English, you can learn English very well.
答案： practicing
4.Can you take care of them every day 你能每天照顾它们吗？
【用法讲解】 care可作动词，译为“关心、愿意”；care也可为名词，译为“关心、照顾、忧虑”。
【常见搭配】 care for ... 喜欢、关心或照顾
Care about ... 关心、挂念
Take care of... 照顾 = look after
Eg: She cares for her plants like they’re her children.
她像照顾孩子一样照顾她的植物。
We should care about the environment.
我们应该关心环境。
Can you take care of my cat while I’m away
我离开的时候你能照顾一下我的猫吗？
【派生词】 careful为形容词，译为“小心的、仔细的、认真的”；
careless为形容词，译为“粗心的”
【常见搭配】 be careful with ... 小心...
Be careful in doing sth. 做某事时要小心
Be careful to do sth. 小心做某事
Eg: Please be careful with your things.
请小心保管你的东西。
Be careful in crossing the street.
过马路时要小心。
He is careful to read every sentence.
他小心翼翼地读每一个句子。
She is so careless that she didn’t pass the exam.
她如此粗心以至于没有通过考试。
【即学即用】
( )1. He doesn’t care ______ the result of the exam. He just wants to have a good time.
A.with B. for C. about D. at
2.Be _______ (care) when you cross the road. There are many cars.
答案： 1. C 2. careful
5.Can I grow some flowers there 我能在那种一些花吗？
【用法讲解】 Grow为动词，译为“生长、成长、种植、发展、变得、产生”等，其过去式为grew，其过去分词为grown。
Eg: I’ve decided to let my hair grow.
我已决定留长发。
Plants need sunlight and water to grow.
植物需要阳光和水才能生长。
The economy continues to grow.
经济持续增长。
He grew more confident as he spoke.
他说话时变得越来越自信。
A closeness grew up between the two girls.
这两个女孩的关系越来越亲密。
【常见搭配】 grow up 长大、成长
Eg: She wants to be a doctor after she grows up.
她长大后想当一名医生。
【易混辨析】 become, turn, go, grow和get的区别
Become译为“变得”，强调变化过程的完成及身份的变化；
Turn译为“变得”，强调变化的结果，侧重颜色、方向或状态的变化；
go译为“变得”，强调由好变坏；
grow译为“变得”，强调逐渐变化的过程；
get译为“变得”，强调短暂或逐渐的变化，常与形容词连用。
Eg: He became famous.
他变得很有名。
The leaves turned yellow in autumn.
树叶在秋天变成黄色。
The meat went bad.
肉变质了。
The tree grew tall.
树长高了。
The days are getting longer and longer.
白天变得越来越长。
【即学即用】
( )1. The pollution problem is _________ serious.
A.becoming B. turning C. getting D. growing
答案： D
6.I can’t wait to show them our new house 我迫不及待地给他们看看我们的新房子？
【用法讲解】 can’t wait to do sth.译为“迫不及待做某事”。
Eg: The little girl can’t wait to open her birthday presents.
这个小女孩等不及要打开她的生日礼物。
【知识拓展】 wait为动词，译为“等待、等候”；wait还可为名词，译为“等待的时间”。
Eg: The wait for the the train was long.
等待火车的时间很长。
There is never a wait at that restaurant.
那家餐厅从来不用等位。
【常见搭配】 wait to do sth. 等待做某事
Wait for sb./sth. 等某人/某物
Wait a minute/ second/ moment 等一下
Eg: I’m waiting to hear back from the interviewer.
我正在等待面试官的回复。
She is waiting for her friend at the restaurant.
她正在餐厅等待她的朋友。
【即学即用】
1.I can’t wait ________ (go) on holidays in Australia.
答案：to go
7.I bought it for Grandpa to see the time. 我给爷爷买它来看时间。
【用法讲解】buy为动词，译为“买”，其过去式为bought。
Eg: I want to buy a new car.
我想买一辆新车。
【常见搭配】buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 为某人买某物
Eg: My father bought some books for me.
= My father bought me some books.
我爸爸给我买了一些书。
【即学即用】
( )1. They usually buy fruit and vegetables ______ the supermarket on weekends.
A.to B. for C. off D. from
答案： B
8.Grandpa likes reading books in front of the window. 爷爷喜欢在窗户前读书。
【用法讲解】 in front of为介词短语，译为“在...前面”，用于描述某一物体位于另一物体外部前方。
Eg: The car stopped in front of the post office.
车在邮局前停了下来。
【易混辨析】 in front of与in the front of区别
In front of译为“在...前面”，强调在范围之外；
In the front of 译为“在...前面”，强调在范围内。
Eg: There is a garden in front of our house.
我们房子前面有一个花园。
There is a blackboard in the front of our classroom.
我们教室前面有一块黑板。
【即学即用】
( )1. Please put the potted planted ________ the building.
A.in front of B. in the front of
C. in the front D. in front
答案： A
9.Can I borrow your chess set 我能借你的象棋盘吗？
【用法讲解】 set作动词，译为“放置、设定、落下”等；set还可为名词，译为“一组”等。
Eg: Please set the clock for 7 am.
请把闹钟设定在早上七点。
The sun sets in the west.
太阳从西边落下。
【常见搭配】 set sth. on sth. 将某物放在另一物体上
Set sth. in sth. 以某地为背景
Set about sth. 开始做某事
Set up 建立、组织
A set of ... 一套、一组
Eg: She set the book on the table.
她把书放在桌子上。
The movie is set in the Wild West.
这部电影以美国西部为背景。
They set about building a new house.
他们开始建新房子。
The company set up a new branch in Shanghai.
公司在上海设立了新分公司。
There is a set of keys on the desk.
桌子上有一套钥匙。
【即学即用】
( )1. The organization is ________ to help more children in poor areas several days ago.
A.set off B. set up C. set out D. set aside
答案： B
10.Could you give me a ride to town now 你现在能搭我一程去镇里吗？
【用法讲解】 ride为动词时，译为“骑、驾驶、搭乘”，其过去式为rode；ride也可作名词，译为“（乘车、骑马等的）短途旅程”。
Eg: I like to ride my bike to work every day.
我喜欢每天骑自行车上班。
Can you give me a ride to the market
你能让我搭车去市场吗？
【常见搭配】 ride a bike/horse 骑车/马
Go for a ride 去兜风
Give sb. a ride 让某人搭车
Eg: Let’s go for a ride. 让我们去兜风吧。
【即学即用】
1.我爸爸教会了我骑自行车。
My father taught me how to _______ _______ _______.
答案： ride a bike
11.I have to do some work now. 我现在不得不做一些工作。
【用法讲解】 work在此处为名词，译为“工作”；work也可为动词，译为“工作、运转、起作用”。
Eg: I have a lot of work to do.
我有很多工作要做。
I work hard every day to earn a living.
我每天努力工作来谋生。
The machine works well.
这台机器运转良好。
The plan worked perfectly.
这个计划非常奏效。
【常见搭配】 work for... 为...工作
Work on 致力于、从事于、对...起作用
Work at ... 在...方面努力
Work out 算出、解决
Work together 合作、共事
Eg: She works for a big company.
她为一家大公司工作。
He is working on a new project.
他正在致力于一个新项目。
The medicine is working on him slowly.
药物正在慢慢地对他起作用。
She is working at improving her English.
她正在努力提高她的英语水平。
I can work out this math problem.
我能算出这道数学题。
We work together on this project.
我们在这个项目上合作。
【派生词】 worker为名词，译为“工人”。
Eg: My grandpa is a worker in this company.
我爷爷是这个公司的工人。
【易混辨析】 job与work区别
work多指体力劳动也可指脑力劳动，通常都以挣钱为目的，有时也指机器干的工作。
job多用于口语，侧重指受雇佣的、以谋生目的的工作。
Eg: He got some work to do.
他有一些工作要做。
He’s trying to get a job.
他正在找工作。
【易混辨析】have to和must区别
Have to强调客观上的需要，表示由于客观因素而不得不做某事；
Must 强调主观上的义务或责任，表示说话者认为有必要或有义务去做某事。
Eg: I have to go now because I have an appointment.
我必须现在走，因为我有约。
You must study hard to pass the exam.
你必须努力学习才能通过考试。
【即学即用】
( )1. Mr. Li is now out of _____ and it is not easy for him to find a _____.
A.work; work B. job; job C. work; job D. job; work
答案： C
12.It is difficult to open the door. 开门很困难。
【用法讲解】
句式“it is + 形容词 (+for sb./of sb.) + to do sth.”译为“（对某人来说）做某事是...的”。
注意：当形容词为形容某人的品格时用of，其它则用for。
Eg: It is difficult for me to learn English.
对我来说学英语很难。
It is kind of you to help me.
对你来说帮我太善良了。
difficult为形容词，译为“困难的、难以相处的”。
Eg: The exam was pretty difficult.
这场考试相当难。
He is a difficult person to work with.
他是一个难以相处的人。
【派生词】 difficulty为可数名词，译为“困难”，其复数形式为difficulties；difficult也可为不可数名词，表示抽象的困难或艰难。
Eg: I met a lot of difficulties.
我遇到了许多困难。
There is no difficulty in doing this task.
做这项任务没有困难。
【常见搭配】 It is difficult (for sb.) to do sth. （对某人来说）做某事很难
Have difficulty in doing sth. 做某事有困难
Eg: It is difficult for me to finish the work on time.
对我来说按时完成工作很难。
She had difficulty understanding the complex math problem.
她理解这个复杂的数学问题有困难。
【即学即用】
( )1. It is important ______ us ______ English well.
A.for; learn B. for; to learn C. of; learn D. of; to learn
2.We found the house without _________ (difficult).
答案：1. B 2. difficulty
13.Ask your classmates to bring gloves and rubbish bags. 要求你的同学带手套和垃圾袋。
【用法讲解】 ask为动词，译为“询问、请求”。
【常见搭配】 ask a question 问问题
Ask about sth. 询问某事
Ask (sb.) for sth. 请求某事
Ask (sb.) (not) to do sth. 要求（某人）（不）做某事
Ask if/ whether 从句 询问某事是否...
Eg: She asked a question during the meeting.
会议期间她问了一个问题。
He asked about your trip to Japan.
他询问去日本旅游的事。
You can ask me for help if you have any problems.
如果你有任何问题可以向我寻求帮助。
They asked me to help with the project.
他们要求我帮忙这个项目。
She asked if I was coming to the party.
她问是否我会来派对。
【即学即用】
1.你可以向艾米的父母寻求帮助。
You can _______ Amy’s parents _______ ________.
答案：ask; for help
B部分
1.We got up very early in the morning to catch the train. 我们为了赶火车早上起的很早。
【用法讲解】此处“to catch the train”为动词不定式作目的状语。
catch在此处为动词，译为“赶上”，还可译为“抓住、接住、感染、理解”等，其过去式为caught。
Eg: We caught the early bus at last.
最后我们赶上了早班车。
The police caught the thief.
警察抓住了小偷。
She caught the ball with her left hand.
她用左手接住了球。
I caught a cold last week.
上周我感冒了。
I caught your meaning.
我理解了你的意思。
【常见搭配】 catch sight of 看到、发现
Catch up with 追上、赶上
Catch a glimpse of ... 瞥见、一眼看到
Eg: I caught sight of him in the crowd.
我在人群中认出了他。
The dog caught up with the rabbit.
狗追上了兔子。
I caught a glimpse of the person who robbed the bank.
我瞥见抢劫银行的人。
【即学即用】
( )1. They go to the library _______ some books.
A.borrow B. borrowing C. to borrow D. borrowed
答案：C
2.And then we changed to a bus to get to my grandparents’ village in the evening.
然后我们改乘公共汽车在晚上到达爷爷奶奶的小村庄。
【用法讲解】Change在此处为名词，译为“变化、零钱”；change还可为动词，译为“改变、交换”。
Eg: She decided to change her hairstyle.
她决定改变她的发型。
Can you change this $10 bill for smaller denominations
你能把这张10美元的钞票兑换成小面额的吗？
Many changes have taken place since then.
自那以来，发生了许多变化。
I don’t have any change for the parking meter.
我没有零钱来投放停车费。
【常见搭配】 change ... into... 把...变成...
Change... for ... 用...换来...
Eg: I’m thinking of changing my car for a new one.
我正考虑换辆新车。
He changed his dollars into francs.
他把美元换成了法郎。
【即学即用】
1.这个魔术师把小女孩变成了鸟。
This magician ________ the girl ______ a bird.
答案： changed; into
3.At then end of the road, I saw Grandpa and my little cousin standing in the cold wind waiting for us.
在马路的尽头，我看到爷爷和我的小堂弟站在寒风中等我们。
【用法讲解】 end可作动词，译为“结束、终结”；end还可为名词，译为“结尾、尽头”。
Eg: The end of the book is very interesting.
书的结尾很有趣。
The war ended in 1945.
战争在1945年结束。
The strike was ended after a week of negotiations.
经过一周的谈判，罢工结束了。
【常见搭配】 at the end of... 在...的尽头、末端
By the end of ... 到...为止
In the end 最后
Eg: At the end of the month, we will have a party.
月底我们将举办一个聚会。
By the end of the year, he had read all the books in the library.
到年底，他已经读完了图书馆中所有的书。
In the end, he realized his mistake.
最后，他意识到了自己的错误。
【即学即用】
( )1. ______ this street you’ll find a bookshop.
A.At the end of B. At the end C. In the end D. By the end of
答案：A
4.“Ah, home again!” said Mum with a smile on her face. “哦，又回家了！”妈妈面带微笑的说。
【用法讲解】 With为介词，常见意思如下：
(1)“和…一起”
Eg: I go to school with Lily.
我和丽丽一起去上学。
(2)“长着；戴着”
Eg: The girl with big eyes is Lily.
长着大眼睛的女孩是丽丽。
(3)“拿着”
Eg: Our teacher goes into the classroom with a book.
我们的老师手里拿着书走进教室。
(4)“用”
Eg: She wrote the letter with a pencil.
她用铅笔写这封信。
(5)“带有”
Eg: I like drinking coffee with milk.
我喜欢喝加奶的咖啡。
【易混辨析】 in，by和with在表示“使用”时区别
in后面常接某种语言，表示使用某种语言；
by后接doing，表示通过某种方式或手段；
with后接工具，表示使用某种工具或手段来进行某种活动。
Eg: I can read it in English.
我可以用英语来阅读它。
I improve my English by reading aloud.
我通过大声朗读来提高我的英语。
I cut paper with the knife.
我用刀切纸。
【即学即用】
( )1. He is always full of confidence ______ a smile on his face.
A.with B. at C. on D. by
答案： A
5.After a little while, my parents went to the kitchen to help. 过了一会，我父母去厨房帮忙。
【用法讲解】 while在此处为名词，译为“一段时间”；While可作连词，可译为“只要、当...时候、然而”之意。
Eg: My mother was cooking while my father was reading newspaper.
我爸爸在看报纸时妈妈在做饭。
While there is a way there is away.
有志者事竟成。
Some people waste food while others haven’t enough.
有些人浪费粮食，然而有些人却吃不饱。
【常见搭配】 for a while 暂时
Once in a while 偶尔
Eg: I think you’d better lay off fatty foods for a while.
我认为你最好暂时别吃高脂食物。
Once in a while she phoned him.
她偶尔给他打电话。
【即学即用】
1.我们会有一段时间不常见面。
We won’t be seeing much of each other ______ ______ _______.
答案： for a while
6.He was happy to hear I was doing well at school. 他听说我在学校表现出色很开心。
【用法讲解】
happy为形容词，译为“开心的、幸福的、快乐的”。
【常见搭配】be happy to do sth. 开心做某事
Be happy about/at sth. 对...高兴、开心
Be happy with sth. 对...满意
Eg: He was happy to be coming home.
他很高兴要回家了。
We are happy at/about his letter.
收到他的信我们很开心。
She is happy with this idea.
她对这个主意很满意。
【派生词】 happiness为名词，译为“幸福、快乐”。
Eg: Money doesn’t always bring happiness.
金钱并不总是带来快乐。
hear在此处为动词，译为“听见、听说”，其过去式为heard。
Eg: I can hear the music in the background.
我能听到背景音乐。
【常见搭配】 hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事（全过程）
Hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事（部分）
Hear of sth. 听说...
Hear from sb. 收到某人来信
Eg: We often hear him sing in the park.
我们经常听见他在公园里唱歌。
I heard her singing a song when I passed the room.
当我路过房间时，我听见她在唱歌。
I have heard about his success in business.
我听说他在生意上成功了。
I haven’t heard from my parents for a long time.
我很久没有收到父母的来信了。
【即学即用】
1.She found _________ (happy) in her later years.
( )2. You can hear the birds _______ when you walk in the forest.
A.sing B. to sing C. singing D. sang
答案：1. happiness 2. C
7.The familiar taste of home 熟悉的家的味道
【用法讲解】 Taste为名词，译为“味道、滋味、体验”；taste也可为动词，译为“品尝”；taste亦可为系动词，译为“尝起来”，后面需接形容词或介词短语作表语。
Eg: Sugar has a sweet taste.
糖有种甜甜的味道。
May I taste it
我可以品尝一下吗？
The cakes taste delicious.
蛋糕尝起来很美味。
【常见搭配】 taste of ... ...的味道
Eg: The tea tastes of mint.
这茶有薄荷的味道。
【即学即用】
( )1. These apples taste ______.
A.to be good B. to be well C. well D. good
答案： D
8.Several days later when we were leaving, Grandma held my hands and asked us, “Will you come home more often ”
几天后当我们离开时，奶奶拉着我的手问我们：“你们要经常回家好吗？”
【用法讲解】hold为动词时，还可译为“抓住、保持、支撑、举办、控制、坚持住”；
Eg: He held his father’s hand.
他牵着爸爸的手。
Hold one’s breath
屏住呼吸
Hold the weight
承受重量
Our school will hold a competition next week.
我们学校下周将举办比赛。
Hold back tears
忍住眼泪
【常见搭配】 hold off 推迟、拒绝
Hold up 延迟、举起、支撑得主
Eg: Could you hold off your decision until next week
你可以推迟到下星期再做决定吗？
Those who are in favor please hold up their hands.
如果赞成，就请举手。
You got to hold up my end of this deal!
你开始支撑我结束交易！
【即学即用】
( )1. Could you ________ your decision until next week
A.hold off B. hold up C. hold on D. hold to
答案： A
9.In the text, what words are used to describe people’s feelings
在文章中，用什么词来描述人们的感觉？
【用法讲解】 Use为动词译为“使用”。
【常见搭配】 it’s useful to do sth. 做某事是有用的。
use sth. to do sth. “用某物做某事”
Make good use of ... 充分利用...
Be used to do sth. 被用来做某事
Used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事
Eg: It's useful to learn English well.
学好英语是有用的。
I use a pen to write this letter.
“我用钢笔写这封信。”
We must make good use of our free time.
我们必须好好利用我们的空闲时间。
Cotton is used to make cloth.
棉花被用来织布。
The old man used to live in the country, but now he is used to living in the city.
这位老人过去常常住在乡下，但是现在他习惯住在城市。
【派生词】 useful为形容词，译为“有用的”；
useless为形容词，译为“无用的”。
Eg: This book is useful.
这本书很有用。
【即学即用】
1.You can use this knife ________ (cut) the bread.
答案：to cut
10.No matter how long I’m away, home is always glad to see me again.
无论我离开多远，家都很开心再次见到我。
【用法讲解】 glad为形容词，译为“高兴的、愉快的”。
Eg: I’m glad you came along.
有你跟我一起来，我很高兴。
【常见搭配】 be glad to do sth. 很高兴做某事
Be glad of sth. 感谢；感激
Eg: I’m glad to see you.
见到你很高兴。
I’d be glad of your help.
你若能帮我，我会非常感激。
【即学即用】
1.I’d be glad ________ (lend) a hand.
答案：to lend
11.It’s a kind of feeling. 它是一种感觉。
【用法讲解】
feeling为可数名词，其复数形式为feelings，译为“看法、知觉、感觉”。
Eg: We can understand her feelings.
我们能理解她的心情。
What are your feelings about this idea
你们觉得这个主意如何？
He’s lost all feeling in the leg.
他的腿完全失去了知觉。
【常见搭配】 a feeling of ... ...的感觉
My feeling is that ... 我的看法是...
Eg: They’ve painted it red to create a feeling of warmth.
他们把它刷成红色以造成一种温暖的感觉。
My feeling is that you ought to stay home tonight.
我觉得今晚应该呆在家里。
【派生词】 feel为动词，译为“感觉”。
Eg: The movie made me feel sad.
这部电影让我感到悲伤。
Kind为名词，译为“种类”；kind也可为形容词，译为“善良的”。
【常见搭配】 a kind of ... 一种......
all kinds of ... 各种各样的...
Each kind of ... 每种...
Many kinds of... 许多种类的...
Different kinds of ... 不同种类的...
Kind of + 形容词 有点...
Eg: There are all kinds of books in the library.
图书馆中有各种各样的书。
She is a kind girl.
她是一个善良的女孩。
The little panda is kind of cute.
这个小熊猫有点可爱。
【即学即用】
1.She had never tried to put this _________ (feel) into words.
( )2. There are _______ school things in the store.
A.all kinds of B. a kind of C. kind of D. a kind
答案：1. feeling 2. A
12.We’re excited to have you in our community. 你能来我们社区令我们很兴奋。
【用法讲解】excited也为形容词，译为“感到兴奋的”，常常用来修饰人。
【派生词】 exciting为形容词，译为“令人兴奋的”，常常用来修饰事或物。
Excitement为名词，译为“兴奋”。
【常见搭配】 be excited about sth. 对某事感到兴奋
Be excited to do sth. 对做某事感到兴奋
Something exciting 令人兴奋的事
Eg: I’m excited about this exciting news.
我对这个令人兴奋的新闻感兴趣。
I’m excited to meet her at the airport.
我对在机场看到她感到兴奋。
There is something exciting happening in the next room.
隔壁房间正在发生一些令人兴奋的事。
I really want you to share you my excitement and happiness with me.
我真希望你能和我一起分享我的兴奋和快乐。
【即学即用】
1.I am excited ________ (see) my favourite band live.
答案： to see
13.You can find us on the first floor of apartment block A. 你可以在A去公寓的一层楼找到我们。
【用法讲解】 on the first floor为固定搭配，译为“在一楼”，在表示其它楼层时，用“on the + 序数词 + floor”的结构。
Eg: The library is on the second floor.
图书馆在二楼。
【知识拓展】 在美式英语中，用“on the first floor”表达一楼，“on the second floor”表示二楼，以此类推；而在英式英语中，用“on the ground floor”表达一楼，“on the first floor”表示二楼，以此类推。
【即学即用】
1.There are five rooms on the _______ (two) floor.
答案：second
14.Everyone is friendly and always ready to give a hand. 每个人都很友好，一直乐于帮忙。
【用法讲解】
friendly为形容词，译为“友好的”。
Eg: They are friendly.
他们很友好。
【常见搭配】 be friendly to sb. 对某人友好
Eg: Our English teacher is friendly to us.
我们的英语老师对我们很友好。
【派生词】 friend为名词，译为“朋友”。
Eg: She is my best friend.
她是我最好的朋友。
【用法讲解】 hand可作可数名词，其复数形式为hands，可译为“手、指针、帮助”等；hand也可作动词，译为“上交、递、给”等。
Eg: His hands is dirty.
他得手很脏。
A watch has three hands -- the second hand, minute hand and hour hand.
手表有三个指针-- 秒针、分针和时针。
Hand it up to me, please.
请把它递上来给我。
【常见搭配】 give sb. a hand 帮助某人
Hand in 上交
On the one hand... on the other hand 一方面...另一方面
By hand 手工制作
Eg: Could you give me a hand with the baggage
你能帮我拿一下行李吗？
Please hand in your homework on time.
请按时交作业。
On the one hand I admire his gifts, but on the other hand I distrust his judgement.
一方面我羡慕他的才华，而另一方面我却怀疑他的判断力。
The fabric was painted by hand.
这个织品是手工染制的。
【即学即用】
1.People here is very ________ (friend) to us.
2.手工操作既费时又费力。
It takes both time and effort to do it ______ _______.
答案：1. friendly 2. by hand
15.We want to cover the animals and paint the walls light green.
我们想要把动物掩盖上，把墙涂成浅绿色。
【用法讲解】 light在此处为形容词，译为“轻的、浅色的、少量的、微弱的”； Light也可作可数名词，译为“灯”；light也可为不可数名词，译为“光线”； Light也可为动词，译为“点燃”。
Eg: The box isn’t heavy, it’s light.
这个箱子不重，很轻。
I like light yellow best.
我最喜欢浅黄色。
There was a light rain falling.
外面下着小雨。
Turn off the lights when you leave.
当你离开时把灯关了。
The light came into the room.
光线照进这个屋子。
Let’s light the new candle.
让我们点燃新蜡烛吧。
【常见搭配】 in the light of... 鉴于、根据
Eg: In the light of his remarks, we rejected her offer.
鉴于他的评语，我们拒绝了她的提议。
【即学即用】
1._______ (light) travels at around 300,000,000 metres per second.
答案：light
16.After painting, could you help choose some photos to hang on the walls
涂色之后，你能帮我选一些照片挂在墙上吗？
【用法讲解】
paint为动词，译为“绘画、涂色”；paint也可为名词，译为“油漆”。
Eg:The artist is painting the walls with green.
艺术家正在用一种绿色颜料粉刷墙壁。
We need to buy some paint for the walls.
我们需要买一些油漆来粉刷墙壁。
【派生词】 painter为可数名词，其复数形式为painters；
painting为可数名词，其复数形式为paintings。
Eg: He is an abstract painter.
他是一个抽象派画家。
The gallery was full of beautiful paintings by famous artists.
这个艺术馆装满了来自著名画家的美丽作品。
choose为动词，译为“选择”；其过去式为chose。
Eg: I chose this red dress.
我选择了这件红色的连衣裙。
【常见搭配】 Choose to do sth. 选择做某事
Choose sb. to do sth. 选择某人做某事
Eg: We chose to go hiking instead of staying at home.
我选择去远足而不是呆在家里。
I’d like to choose Jim to go there with me.
我选择吉姆和我一起去。
【派生词】 choice为名词，译为“选择”。
Eg: We each had to make a choice.
我们每个人都要做出选择。
【即学即用】
1.The _______ (paint) will be put on public display next week.
( )2. I choose ______ at home tonight.
A.stay B. staying C. to stay D. to staying
答案：1. painting 2. C
17.How often do you do chores 你多久做一次家务？
【易混辨析】 how often, how long和how soon区别：
how long “多长时间”用for…或since…引导时间状语回答
how soon “还要多长时间”用于将来时，用“in + 一段时间”回答
how often “多久一次”提问动作发生的频率
Eg: -- How long have you been here
-- For two days.
你在这多久了？ 两天了。
-- How soon will you stay there
-- In two days.
你要在这待多久？两天
-- How often do you visit your parents
-- Twice a week.
你多久去看一次你的父母？一周两次。
【即学即用】
( )1. -- ____ do you watch TV
-- Once a week.
A.How long B. How soon C. How often D. How many
答案： C