UNIT 2 SPORTS AND FITNESS
主题语境 体育与健康
背多分1 单元词汇 多维速记
写作词汇 1.bounce the ball拍球 2.play on the court在球场上玩 3.an awkward silence令人尴尬的沉默 4.quit the race退出比赛 5.within ten minutes在十分钟之内 6.the bronze key铜钥匙 7.build up muscles增强肌肉 8.a great athlete一名伟大的运动员 9.a balanced diet均衡饮食 10.rush into the court冲向球场 11.an annual meeting年会 12.the gold medal金牌 13.a weekly newspaper周报 14.clap one’s hands拍手
阅读词汇 1.net n. 球网,网 2.company n. 公司 3.crowd n. 人群 4.belt n. 腰带,皮带 5.audience n. 观众;听众 6.tip n. 建议,忠告,窍门 7.system n. 系统 8.equipment n. 设备,装备 9.membership n. 会员身份 10.oxygen n. 氧气 11.ache n. 疼痛;隐痛 12.principle n. 原则,基本观念 13.shortcut n. 捷径,近路 14.bone n. 骨,骨头 15.cyclist n. 骑自行车者,自行车运动员
派生词形 1.athlete n.运动员→athletic adj.体育运动的;田径运动的→athletics n.田径运动 2.frequency n.发生的频率,发生率→frequently adv.经常地→frequent adj.频繁的 3.prefer vt.更喜欢→preference n.喜欢 4.gymnastics n.体操→gymnast n.体操运动员→gymnastic adj.体操的,体育的 5.cycle vi.骑自行车→cyclist n.骑自行车的人→recycle v.重新利用;再循环 6.regularly adv.经常;定期地→regular adj.有规律的;定期的→regulation n.规章;规则 7.company n.公司;一群人;陪伴→accompany v.陪伴;陪同→companion n.伙伴 8.inspiration n.激励,鼓舞;给人以灵感的人/物;灵感→inspire v.激励,鼓舞→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的 9.replacement n.替换的人(物)→replace v.代替;取代 10.energy n.力量,活力→energetic adj.精力充沛的 11.achievable adj.可完成的;做得成的→achieve v.完成;实现→achievement n.完成;成绩;成就 12.equipment n.设备,装备→equip v.配备;装备 13.relieve vt.减轻,缓解→relief n.缓解;欣慰→relieved adj.放心的,宽慰的 14.strengthen vi. & vt. (使)强健→strength n.力量;体力;长处→strong adj.强壮的 15.benefit n.好处,益处→beneficial adj.有益的;有好处的 16.response n.回答,答复→respond v.回应;答复 17.satisfaction n.满足,满意→satisfy v.使满意→satisfying/satisfactory adj.令人满意的→satisfied adj.感到满意的 18.guideline n.指导方针,指导原则→guide v.指导;指引 n.指南;手册;导游→guidance n.指导,指引 19.announcement n.通告,公告→announce v.宣布;通知;声称 20.defence n.防守队员,后卫→defend v.防御→defensive adj.防守的;戒备的 21.application n.申请书;申请;应用程序→apply v.申请→applicant n.申请者 22.occupy vt.占用,占去(时间) 侵占;使(大脑)全神贯注→occupation n.职业;工作;占领 23.disappointment n.失望;扫兴;沮丧→disappoint v.使失望→disappointed adj.感到失望的→disappointing adj.令人失望的 24.flexibility n.灵活性→flexible adj.灵活的 25.amazed adj.大为惊奇的,惊讶的→amaze v.使吃惊→amazement n.吃惊→amazing adj.令人吃惊的 26.balanced adj.均衡的→balance vt.平衡,权衡 n.均衡 [C]天平,余额
重点短语 动词短语 1.try out for sth 争取成为;参加选拔 2.crash into 猛撞,猛击 3.let sb down 使失望,辜负(别人的信任或期望) 4.pay off 取得成功;奏效;还清债务 5.gather around 聚集 6.sign up 报名 7.be related to 与……有关 8.be capable of doing 有能力做 9.be fed up with 受够了……;对……感到厌烦 10.take advantage of sth 利用某物 11.draw up 草拟,起草 12.be amazed at 对……感到吃惊 13.be based on 以……为基础 14.speed up 加速 15.refer to 参考;查阅;指的是 16.work out 理解;计算出 17.make sure 确保 18.keep fit 保持健康 介词短语和其他 19.rather than 而不是 20.in good/bad shape 健康状况良好/不佳 21.by oneself 单独地,独自地 22.up to 多达,胜任,直到 23.in case 以防万一 24.in particular 尤其,特别 25.in sight 看得见;在视野内
背多分2 单元重点 语境背记
prefer vt. (preferred, preferred, preferring) 更喜欢→preference n. 喜爱;偏爱
背重点 背写作佳句
1)prefer sth to sth喜欢某物而不喜欢某物 prefer doing/to do sth更喜欢做某事 prefer doing sth to doing sth宁愿做某事而不愿做某事 prefer sb/sth to do sth更希望某人/某物做某事 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事 2)have a preference for ...偏爱……;喜爱…… in preference to而不是 give preference to优先考虑 ①I’m wondering how many periods of the course there are each week, for I prefer __________________ (have) some time at my disposal.我想知道这门课每周有几节课,因为我更喜欢有一些时间由我自由支配。(咨询信) ②As far as I’m concerned, most students prefer to practise English with peers who are at a similar level.就我而言,大多数学生更喜欢和水平相近的同龄人一起练习英语。(2023·新课标卷应用文写作) ③According to the above graph, 65% of the students surveyed would listen to English songs rather than visit English learning websites.根据上面的图表,65%的受访学生更喜欢听英语歌曲,而非访问英语学习网站。(2022·全国乙卷书面表达)
track n. 跑道;轨道;(移动的)路径;踪迹 v. (tracked, tracked, tracking) 追踪;跟踪;留下足迹
背重点 背写作佳句
1)lose track of不了解……的动态;与……失去联系 be on the track of追踪 off the beaten track人迹罕至 2)track down搜寻;追查 ①Keeping track ________ current events can help you improve writing ability.了解新闻时事能帮助你提高写作能力。 ②When we were ________ the track of the lovely rabbit, we got lost in the forest.在追这只可爱的兔子时,我们在树林里迷路了。 ③His mind would wander, and he would lose track of what he was doing.他会心不在焉起来,忘了自己刚才正在做什么。
balanced adj. 均衡的→balance n. 平衡;余额;天平 vt. (balanced, balanced, balancing) 使平衡;权衡
背重点 背写作佳句
1)keep/lose one’s balance保持/失去平衡 keep a balance between ... and ...保持……与……的平衡 a sense of balance平衡感 2)balance A against B权衡/斟酌/比较A和B balance between ... and ...平衡……与…… ①Not only does the ocean offer us sufficient food, but it also keeps the balance of nature.海洋不仅给我们提供了充足的食物,还保持了自然的平衡。(2022·全国甲卷短文) ②After ________ (balance) the advantages against the disadvantages, David wiped away the tears, struggled to his feet and made his way to the starting line, a relaxed smile appearing at the corners of his mouth.权衡利弊之后,大卫擦掉眼泪,挣扎着站起来,向起跑线走去,嘴角露出轻松的微笑。(2022·新高考卷读后续写) ③Suddenly, he crashed into another athlete and lost his balance, injuring his ankle badly.突然,他撞上了另一名运动员,失去了平衡,脚踝严重受伤。(动作描写)
replacement n. 替换的人(物)→replace vt. (replaced, replaced, replacing) 接替;取代;更换;把……放回原处
背重点 背写作佳句
1)replace ... with/by ...用……替换…… replace ... as ...取代……而成为…… be replaced by被……替换/取代 2)take the place of sb=take sb’s place代替某人 in place of代替 ①Lost wealth may be replaced ________ industry, but lost time is gone forever.失去的财富可由勤奋而恢复,但失去的时间却一去不复返。(主旨升华) ②I replaced him ________ the leading role in the school drama, which came as a big shock to the class.我代替他成为学校戏剧中的主角,这让全班同学大为震惊。(情感描写) ③After harvest, users simply replace the plants ________ a new pre-seeded pod to get the next growth cycle started.收获后,用户只需将植物替换为新的预播种豆荚,即可开始下一个生长周期。(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)
desire n. 渴望;欲望 vt. (desired, desired, desiring) 渴望;期望
背重点 背写作佳句
1)desire to do sth渴望做某事 desire sb to do sth想要某人做某事 desire that ... (should) do sth渴望……做某事 2)have a strong desire to do sth/for sth迫切要做某事/急于得到某物 have no desire to do sth不想做某事 ①Knowing you have a strong desire ________ (learn) Chinese well, I’d like to offer you some suggestions.得知你很想学好汉语,我想给你一些建议。(建议信) ②The disappointed twins desired their father __________ (tell) them how to make sandwiches, and he nodded.失望的双胞胎想要父亲告诉他们如何做三明治,他点点头。(动作描写) ③We desire that our school ________ (organise) more activities like this, which can not only relieve our great study pressure but also broaden our horizons.我们希望学校能组织更多这样的活动,这不仅可以消除我们巨大的学习压力,也可以开阔我们的视野。(2023·浙江1月卷)
gather (gathered, gathered, gathering) vi.& vt. 聚集;聚合 vt. 搜集(信息);收割;采集(植物;水果等);收拢;归拢
背重点 背写作佳句
gather around聚在……周围 gather together聚集 gather information/speed搜集信息/加快速度 gather sb up把某人扶起来 gather one’s strength/courage鼓起力量/勇气 gather sb in one’s arms 把某人抱在怀中 ①Families gather for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can come up with.不管在什么其他他们能想到的借口下,一家人在星期天、生日会聚在一起吃大餐。(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷活动介绍) ②An excited crowd of people gathered ________ her.一群激动的人聚集在她周围。(情绪+动作描写) ③The sled gathered speed as it moved down the hill.雪橇向山下滑动时速度变得越来越快。
crowd n. 人群;一群人;民众 (crowded, crowded, crowding) vt. 挤满;使……拥挤 vi. 涌进;蜂拥而至
背重点 背写作佳句
1)a crowd of/crowds of一大群;很多 the crowd人群 2)crowd in (on) sb/crowd into sb’s mind (想法、问题等)涌上(某人)心头;涌入(某人)脑海 crowd into/in涌入(某地) crowd out挤出 crowd around/round挤在……周围 crowd ... into ...把……塞进…… 3)be crowded with挤满 ①The happy memory of getting along with my best friend crowded in on me/crowded into my mind.我与最好的朋友相处的快乐回忆涌入我的脑海。(情感描写) ②There was an air of expectancy among the waiting crowd.等待的人群有一种期盼的心情。(情绪描写) ③The air smelled of the best bread baked, and customers soon crowded ________ the store, making the street ________ (crowd).空气中弥漫着烤得最好的面包的香味,顾客们很快就涌进了商店,使得街上人如潮涌。(场景描写)
remind vt. (reminded, reminded, reminding) 提醒;使(某人)想起
背重点 背写作佳句
remind sb of sth提醒某人某事 remind sb of sth/sb使某人想起某事/某人 remind sb to do sth提醒某人做某事 remind (sb) that/how/what ...提醒(某人)…… 常见的“v.+sb+of+sth”的短语还有: inform sb of sth通知某人某事 rob sb of sth抢劫某人某物 warn sb of sth警告某人某事 convince sb of sth使某人相信某事 suspect sb of sth怀疑某人某事 ①Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me ________ (close) the window in my car when rain is coming.邻居们会给我带来刚做好的奶酪,还会在快下雨的时候来我家门前提醒我关上车窗。(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) ②It serves as a ________ (remind) that kindness, generous help and love will influence others and be rewarded and virtue is a reward itself.它提醒我们,善良、慷慨的帮助和爱会影响他人并得到回报,而美德本身就是一种回报。(主旨升华) ③She stared at the fire, the warmth of fire reminding her ________ Granny, tears streaming down her cheeks unconsciously.她盯着炉火,炉火的温暖使她想起了奶奶,泪水不知不觉地顺着她的脸颊流下来。(动作+情感描写)
case n. 状况,场合;事例,实例
背重点 背写作佳句
in case假使;以防(万一)(引导状语从句) in case of ...假如……;万一…… in ... case(s)在……情况下 in this/that case假使这样/那样的话 in any case不管怎样;无论如何 in no case决不(置于句首主谓部分倒装) as is often the case通常情况下 ①I have trouble getting along with my classmates, ________ which case I have to turn to you for help.我和同学很难相处,在这种情况下,我只得向你求助。(求助信) ②__________________, we students feel as if sitting on pins and needles before the end-of-term examination.像往常一样,我们学生在期末考试前感到如坐针毡。(心理描写) ③In ________ case shall I forget the disappointment in his eyes.我决不会忘记他眼中的失望。(神态描写)
occupy vt. (occupied, occupied, occupying) 占用,占去(时间)
背重点 背写作佳句
1)occupy oneself with sth/in doing sth忙于(做)某事;专心于(做)某事 2)be occupied in doing sth忙于做某事 be occupied with sth忙于某事 keep sb/oneself occupied使某人/自己忙碌 ①Because I was occupied with/occupied myself with how to play the guitar during the summer break, I am more than delighted to share this experience with you.因为暑假期间我一直在学弹吉他,所以我非常愿意和大家分享这段经历。(2023·全国乙卷书面表达) ②The most important thing is to keep yourself ________ (occupy).最重要的就是别让自己闲着。(建议信) ③________ (occupy) in looking after three children at home, she doesn’t have time to enjoy the various activities in the club.由于要在家照顾三个孩子,她没有时间参加社团的各种活动。
amazingly adv. 惊人地,了不起地
背重点 背写作佳句
1)amaze sb使某人吃惊 It amazes/amazed sb that ...使某人吃惊的是…… 2)be amazed at/by ...对……感到惊讶 be amazed to see/find/learn ...惊奇地看到/发现/获悉…… be amazed that ...对……感到惊讶 3)to one’s amazement令某人惊奇的是 in amazement惊奇地 ①With a goal in mind, you will be amazed ________ your potential if you strive for that goal.心中有了目标,努力为之奋斗后,你会惊讶于自己的潜力。(建议信) ②It amazed me that you had given up the chance to go abroad.让我吃惊的是你竟然放弃了出国的机会。(情感描写) ③To her ________ (amaze), she found that nearly all the neighbours came.她惊奇地发现几乎所有的邻居都来了。(情感描写)
benefit n. 好处,益处 (benefit(t)ed, benefit(t)ed, benefit(t)ing) vt. 使受益 vi. 得益于
背重点 背写作佳句
1)benefit from/by ...从……中受益;得益于…… benefit sb对某人有益 2)be of (great) benefit to ...=be (very) beneficial to ...对……(非常)有益;(非常)有益于…… for the benefit of ...为了……的利益 ①For students, what is most ________ to/is of greatest ________ to their study is reading English books. (benefit)对学生来说,最有利于他们学习的是读英文书。(2022·全国乙卷短文) ②I have typed out some lecture notes ________ the benefit of those people who were absent last week.我帮上星期缺席的人打印了些课堂笔记。 ③It never occurred to him that his small act of kindness would benefit him so much.他从来没有想到这个小小的善举会让他受益良多。(主旨升华)
capable adj. 能干的;能力强的→capacity n. 能力;容量/capability n. 能力;才能
背重点 背写作佳句
1)be capable of (doing) sth有(做)某事的能力 2)a capacity to do/for (doing) sth (做)某事的能力 have a(n) ... capacity for (doing) sth/to do sth能够…… have a capacity of有……容积/容量 ①Capable of speaking/With a capacity ________ (speak) fluent English, I can communicate with ease.我能说一口流利的英语,我可以轻松地交流。(自荐信) ②We know that you are capable ________ doing it.我们知道你有能力做这件事。 ③People experience differences in physical and mental capability depending on the time of day.人们会感受到在一天的不同时段,体力和脑力也会有所不同。
relief n. (焦虑、痛苦的)减轻或缓解;(不快过后的)宽慰、轻松或解脱
背重点 背写作佳句
1)to one’s relief令某人感到欣慰的是 It is a relief to do sth做某事很放心/舒心 in/with relief如释重负;松了口气 What a relief!可轻松了! breathe a sigh of relief/gasp with relief松了一口气 2)relieve sb of ...解除某人……方面的负担 ①Staring at each other, they felt a wave of relief flooded over them.他们凝视彼此,心生宽慰。(情感描写) ②I breathed a sigh of relief/gasped with relief as the plane landed safely.飞机安全着陆,我顿时放下心来。(情感描写) ③________ (relief), she went home with a weight lifted off her heart.她如释重负地回家了,心头的重担卸下了。(情感描写)
amount n. 数量;数额;金额 vi. (amounted, amounted, amounting) 总计;共计;相当于;等于
背重点 背写作佳句
1)the amount of……的数量 a small/large/huge amount of+n. [U]+v.(单数) small/large/huge amounts of+n. [U]+v.(复数) 2)amount to达到;合计;相当于;等于;意味着 ①A large amount ________ money raised in the charity sale has been donated to the local school.在慈善义卖中筹集的一大笔钱已捐给了当地的学校。(活动介绍) ②As a general rule, he can’t amount ________ much in his totality.一般说来,人是不可能十全十美的。 ③This amounts to doing the whole thing over again.这就等于要把整个事情重做一遍。
satisfaction n. 满足;满意;欣慰
背重点 背写作佳句
1)with satisfaction满意地 to one’s satisfaction令某人满意的是 2)satisfy one’s needs/demands满足某人的需要 3)be satisfied with sth/sb对某事/某人感到满意 ①To my ________ (satisfy), with the help of my teacher, I finally succeeded in writing a satisfying/satisfactory article. My teacher nodded her head, smiling with satisfaction.令我满意的是,在我的老师的帮助下,我终于成功地写出了一篇令人满意的文章。我的老师点点头,满意地笑了。(2023·新课标卷读后续写) ②If you are not satisfied ________ our arrangements, please inform us in time so that we can satisfy your needs/demands.如果你们对我们的安排不满意,请及时通知我们以便我们能够满足你们的需要。(日程安排)
sight n. 景象;视野;视力
背重点 背写作佳句
catch sight of 看见 lose sight of 看不见;忽略 in/within sight 看得见 at first sight 乍一看;初看时 at the sight of 一看见 out of sight 看不见 ①________ the sight of the gift you sent me, I felt delighted and moved.看到你送给我的礼物,我既高兴又感动。(感谢信) ②Harry turned and caught sight of Cho, who was grinning.哈利转过身看见了秋,她在咧着嘴笑。(动作描写) ③If you are not careful, you’ll lose sight of what really matters.一不小心,你就会忘记什么是真正重要的。(主旨升华)
response n. 回答,答复
背重点 背写作佳句
1)in response to响应;反应(通常作状语) make (no) response to对……(不)做反应/回答 2)respond to回应……;对……做出反应 ①Seeing his mother’s response, he burst into anger.“Why are you so cold ”he shouted.看到母亲的反应,他勃然大怒。“你怎么这么冷漠 ”他喊道。(情绪+语言描写) ②________ response to the audience’s great demand, the play will be put on in the theatre twice a week.为响应观众的巨大需求,该剧将每周在剧院上演两次。 ③She made no response ________ the question that reporter asked.她没有回答那个记者的问题。
defend vi.& vt. (defended, defended, defending) 保卫;保护;防守;辩解→defence/defense n. 防御;保卫;辩护;辩解;防守队员,后卫
背重点 背写作佳句
1)defend ... against/from ...保护……免受…… defend oneself (against)自卫;为自己辩护 2)in defence (of)保护;为了保卫 in one’s defence为某人辩解 come/rush/spring/jump/leap to one’s defence立刻为某人辩解/护 ①Keeping a balanced diet and taking regular exercise can help defend ourselves ________ infection.保持均衡的饮食和经常锻炼有助于保护我们免受感染。(倡议书) ②Seeing the fierce wolf, he rushed to defend/in defence of his son like an arrow.他看到那只凶猛的狼,像箭一样冲过去保护儿子。(动作描写) ③She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as if ________ defence.她向后退了几步,显得很惊讶,并举起双手,好像在自卫。(动作描写)
短语1rather than 而不是
背重点 背写作佳句
1)rather than用作并列连词,连接两个平行结构,前后连接的词的词性通常一致 rather than后接动词时,动词形式通常一致,但其前是不定式时, rather than后加动词原形 2)主语A+rather than+主语B,谓语动词的数与主语A在人称和数上保持一致 3)or rather更确切地说 ①Facing up to your problems rather than ________ (run) away from them is the best approach to working things out.解决问题的最好办法是面对而不是逃避问题。(建议信) ②It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings.放慢脚步,把食物看作是有营养的东西,而不仅仅是会议间隙吃的东西,这一点很重要。(2024·全国甲卷) ③Thanks to his efforts, ________ rather the efforts of his employees, they made a decent profit.由于他的努力,或者更确切地说是他的员工的努力,他们获得了可观的利润。
短语2try out for sth 争取成为;参加选拔
背重点 背写作佳句
1)try out on在……上试穿/验 try on试穿 try one’s best to do sth努力做某事 try doing sth尝试做某事 try to do sth努力做某事 2)have a try/give it a try尝试 be worth a try值得一试 ①Since you are crazy about basketball, it’s rewarding to try out ________ the basketball match.既然你喜欢篮球,参加篮球赛选拔很有意义。(邀请信) ②He was anxious and uncertain, wondering whether he should have ________ try.他焦虑不安,揣摩着他是否应该试一下。(情感描写) ③Glancing over, I saw a mom bent over, encouraging one of her kids to ski downhill. The other kid stood beside her, eager for a try.我瞥了一眼,看到一位母亲弯着腰,鼓励着她的一个孩子往山下滑雪。另一个孩子站在她身边,渴望试一试。(动作+情感描写)
短语3keep up with 跟上;了解(消息/形势等)
背重点 背写作佳句
catch up with跟上 put up with忍受 break up with和……分手 come up with提出 end up with以……结束 make up with和……和好 ①Would you come up with some suggestions on how to connect sentences logically 你能就如何有逻辑地衔接句子提出一些建议吗 (2022·北京卷邀请信) ②He was walking at a very quick pace and I had to jog to keep up with him.他走得很快,我要慢跑才能跟上他。(动作描写) ③He caught up with Gary, puffing for breath.他赶上了加里,直喘粗气。(动作描写)
短语4in particular 尤其;特别
背重点 背写作佳句
particular adj.特殊的;特别的;挑剔的 n.细节;细目 1)in particular=particularly 尤其;特别 2)be particular about/over sth 对某物讲究/挑剔 ①You’d better behave properly, particularly minding your table manners.你最好行为举止恰当,尤其要注意餐桌礼仪。(建议信) ②He was very particular ________ the kitchen—everything had to be perfectly clean and in its place.他对厨房非常讲究——每件东西都必须非常干净而且要放在相应位置。(场景描写) ③The whole meal was good but the wine ________ particular was excellent.整顿饭都很好,尤其是葡萄酒棒极了。
短语5make it 成功,到达
背重点 背写作佳句
make it to按时到达;能够出席或参加 make it+时间定在某个时间 make it through ...挺过……;熬过…… make up with sb与某人和解 ①As long as you have a dream, keep trying and you will make it.只要你有梦想,不断努力就会成功。(劝慰信) ②I avoided looking down to prevent any sudden panic, and within a few minutes I made it ________ the peak and proudly smiled.为了防止任何突然的恐慌,我避免往山下看,几分钟后,我爬到了山顶,自豪地笑了。(情感描写) ③He and his wife made up ________ each other on the same day.他和妻子当天就言归于好了。
句式1完全倒装句
If you are new to running, here is some advice for you—it is important to warm up and cool down properly before and after running, so you do not hurt yourself. 如果你是一个跑步新手,这儿有一些建议——适当地跑前热身和跑后放松是很重要的,这样你就不会受伤。
背重点 背写作佳句
1)out, in, into, down, up, away, here, now, there, then等表示方位或时间的副词和表示地点的介词短语置于句首,且主语是名词时,句子用完全倒装 2)当作表语的介词短语、形容词、分词提到系动词前面时,句子要完全倒装,构成“介词短语/形容词/分词+系动词+主语”结构 3)主语是人称代词时,句子的主谓不倒装 ①From the valley came the beautiful song.从山谷中传来美妙的歌声。(环境描写) ②Then ________ (come) the moment when David crossed the finish line to the thunderous applause and cheers from the crowd.当大卫冲过终点线时,人群中响起雷鸣般的掌声和欢呼声。(2022·新高考卷读后续写场景描写) ③Lying on the bed ________ (be) my labmate, weak and worried.我的实验室同伴躺在床上,既虚弱又忧心忡忡。(2022·浙江1月卷读后续写)
句式2before引导时间状语从句
A warm-up gets your blood flowing faster and prepares your body before you exercise. 运动之前的热身活动使你的血液流动加速并让你的身体为运动做好准备。
背重点 背写作佳句
含before的常用句式有: ①It won’t be long before ...用不了多久就……,从句用一般现在时 ②It wasn’t long before ...没过多久就……,从句用一般过去时 ③It will be/take+一段时间+before ...若干时间之后才……,从句用一般现在时 ④It was/took+一段时间+before ...用/过了若干时间才……,从句用一般过去时 ①If you miss this chance, it may be several years ________ you get another chance.如果你错过这次机会,也许需要过数年你才能获得另外一次机会。(推荐信) ②Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake.把你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末再看,或者多等10分钟再去吃蛋糕。 ③It won’t be long before she gets used to living a new life in a foreign country.她不久就会习惯在国外的新生活。
句式3主语+be+too ... to ... ……太……而不能……
It’s never too late to start getting into running and exercising—after all, as the saying goes, “Anything is possible!” 什么时候开始跑步和锻炼都不晚——毕竟,正如一句格言所说“一切皆有可能!”
背重点 背写作佳句
1)too+adj./adv. (for sb)+to do sth结构,表否定的意义,意为“太……而不能做某事”,但当too ... to ...用来修饰表达人的态度、情绪倾向的形容词如anxious, eager, glad, happy, pleased, ready, willing等时,不定式则表肯定意义 2)adj./adv. enough (for sb)+to do sth (对于某人来说)足够……做某事 ①I am too pleased to help you improve your fitness.我很乐意帮助你提高身体素质。(建议信) ②As the saying goes, it’s never too old ____________ (learn).俗话说,活到老学到老。(主旨升华) ③Too embarrassed to face my family, I simply called over my shoulder to Dad that I was leaving.我很不好意思面对我的家人,我只是扭头对爸爸说我要走了。(情感描写) ④Then suddenly, the noise became loud enough to wake up the dead! Frightening!突然,声音大得能吵醒死人!太可怕了! (情感描写)
句式4数词/名词+of+关系代词,引导非限制性定语从句
The Chinese migrants used to gather in a park to enjoy cultural activities—one of which was kung fu. 中国移民过去常聚集在公园里享受文化活动——其中之一就是功夫。
背重点 背写作佳句
1)one/two/several/most/each/all ...+of which/whom/whose ... 2)the+n.+of which/whom ... (该结构一般可与“whose+n.”互换) 3)以上两个句式中只能用关系代词which(指物)、whom(指人)、whose(指人/物),不可以用who或that ①The old man has two sons, one of ________ is a professor.这位老人有两个儿子,其中一个是教授。 ②This semester, our school offers many optional courses to the students, each of which appeals to many students.这个学期,我们学校为学生提供了许多选修课程,每一门课程都吸引了许多学生。(告知信) ③Last Saturday, I bought some books from the bookstore, two of which were Chinese novels.上个周六,我从书店买了一些书,其中两本是汉语小说。
背多分3 续写素材 场景练背
——情感细节描写之“激动、兴奋”和“骄傲、自豪”
形容词/ 副词 excited, thrilled, proud, excitedly, proudly 动词/ 名词 dance雀跃, skip蹦蹦跳跳, excitement, thrill, pride
短语 ①to one’s excitement/thrill令某人激动的是; ②contain one’s excitement抑制内心的激动; ③with/in excitement激动地
神态(脸、 脸颊、 眼睛) ①(eyes) sparkle/twinkle/shine/dance with excitement (眼里)闪烁着激动的光芒; ②tears of excitement激动的泪水;③sb glow with pride脸上洋溢着自豪;④one’s face/cheeks glow with excitement激动得脸/面颊通红;⑤sb/one’s face flush/be flushed with excitement激动得满脸通红 heart ①(heart) be filled with excitement 满心激动; ②(heart) thump/pound with excitement (心)激动得怦怦跳
动作 ①tremble with excitement激动得发抖; ②dance/jump with excitement激动得雀跃/跳起来; ③wag its tail in excitement兴奋地摇着它的尾巴
用表“激动、兴奋”和“骄傲、自豪”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵
微场景3 | “比赛、演讲、表演等”主题下的“激动、骄傲” ——2023·新课标卷续写“写作比赛”片段
I won first prize! And I was the only winner whose mother tongue wasn’t English! Half stunned and half overjoyed, I, ①________ (flush), was greeted by my teacher’s proud laughter and my classmates’ thunderous applause. Later at the award presentation, I stood on stage clutching my trophy and certificate, ②________________________________ (心激动得怦怦跳,独立主格).
微场景4 | “旅行”主题下的“激动、兴奋”
On the journey to the lake, ③__________________________________________________ (妈妈的双眼闪着激动的光芒,无灵主语句). Mom insisted that we go camping in the next village, and we could ④________________________________ (听出她声音中的兴奋). On arrival, Mom couldn’t wait to dash out and ⑤________ (excite) urged us to put up the tent. Breathing the fresh air, Mom admired the beautiful view, ⑥________________________________ (激动得满脸通红,独立主格).
UNIT 2 SPORTS AND FITNESS
背多分2
1.①having/to have 2.①of ②on
3.②balancing 4.①by ②as ③with
5.①to learn ②to tell ③(should) organise 6.②around 7.③into/in； crowded
8.①to close ②reminder ③of 9.①in
②As is often the case ③no 10.②occupied
③Occupied 11.①at ③amazement
12.①beneficial； benefit ②for 13.①to speak ②of 14.③Relieved 15.①of ②to 16.①satisfaction ②with 17.①At
18.②In ③to 19.①against/from ③in
20.①running ③or 21.①for ②a
23.②about ③in 24.②to ③with
25.②came ③was 26.①before
27.②to learn 28.①whom
背多分3
①flushed ②my heart pounding with excitement ③Mom’s eyes sparkled/twinkled/shone with excitement ④hear the excitement in her voice ⑤excitedly ⑥her face glowing/flushing with excitement(共91张PPT)
必修 第一册
UNIT 2 SPORTS AND FITNESS
主题语境 体育与健康
单元词汇 多维速记
背多分1
1.bounce the ball 拍球
2.play on the court 在球场上玩
3.an awkward silence 令人尴尬的沉默
4.quit the race 退出比赛
5.within ten minutes 在十分钟之内
6.the bronze key 铜钥匙
7.build up muscles 增强肌肉
8.a great athlete 一名伟大的运动员
9.a balanced diet 均衡饮食
10.rush into the court 冲向球场
11.an annual meeting 年会
12.the gold medal 金牌
13.a weekly newspaper 周报
14.clap one’s hands 拍手
1.net n. 球网，网
2.company n. 公司
3.crowd n. 人群
4.belt n. 腰带，皮带
5.audience n. 观众；听众
6.tip n. 建议，忠告，窍门
7.system n. 系统
8.equipment n. 设备，装备
9.membership n. 会员身份
10.oxygen n. 氧气
11.ache n. 疼痛；隐痛
12.principle n. 原则，基本观念
13.shortcut n. 捷径，近路
14.bone n. 骨，骨头
15.cyclist n. 骑自行车者，自行车运动员
1.athlete n. 运动员→athletic adj. 体育运动的; 田径运动的→athletics n. 田径运动
2.frequency n. 发生的频率，发生率→frequently adv. 经常地→frequent adj. 频繁的
3.prefer vt. 更喜欢→preference n. 喜欢
4.gymnastics n. 体操→gymnast n. 体操运动员→gymnastic adj. 体操的，体育的
5.cycle vi. 骑自行车→cyclist n. 骑自行车的人→recycle v. 重新利用；再循环
6.regularly adv. 经常；定期地→regular adj. 有规律的；定期的→regulation n. 规章；规则
7.company n. 公司；一群人；陪伴→accompany v. 陪伴；陪同→companion n. 伙伴
8.inspiration n. 激励，鼓舞；给人以灵感的人/物；灵感→inspire v. 激励，鼓舞→inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的
9.replacement n. 替换的人(物)→replace v. 代替；取代
10.energy n. 力量，活力→energetic adj. 精力充沛的
11.achievable adj. 可完成的；做得成的→achieve v. 完成；实现→achievement n. 完成；成绩；成就
12.equipment n. 设备，装备→equip v. 配备；装备
13.relieve vt. 减轻，缓解→relief n. 缓解；欣慰→relieved adj. 放心的，宽慰的
14.strengthen vi. & vt. (使)强健→strength n. 力量；体力；长处→strong adj. 强壮的
15.benefit n. 好处，益处→beneficial adj. 有益的；有好处的
16.response n. 回答，答复→respond v. 回应；答复
17.satisfaction n. 满足，满意→satisfy v. 使满意→satisfying/satisfactory adj. 令人满意的→satisfied adj. 感到满意的
18.guideline n. 指导方针，指导原则→guide v. 指导；指引 n. 指南；手册；导游→guidance n. 指导，指引
19.announcement n. 通告，公告→announce v. 宣布；通知；声称
20.defence n. 防守队员，后卫→defend v. 防御→defensive adj. 防守的；戒备的
21.application n. 申请书；申请；应用程序→apply v. 申请→applicant n. 申请者
22.occupy vt. 占用，占去(时间) 侵占；使(大脑)全神贯注→occupation n. 职业；工作；占领
23.disappointment n. 失望；扫兴；沮丧→disappoint v. 使失望→disappointed adj. 感到失望的→disappointing adj. 令人失望的
24.flexibility n. 灵活性→flexible adj. 灵活的
25.amazed adj. 大为惊奇的，惊讶的→amaze v. 使吃惊→ amazement n. 吃惊→amazing adj. 令人吃惊的
26.balanced adj. 均衡的→balance vt. 平衡，权衡 n. 均衡 [C] 天平，余额
动词短语
1.try out for sth 争取成为；参加选拔
2.crash into 猛撞，猛击
3.let sb down 使失望，辜负(别人的信任或期望)
4.pay off 取得成功；奏效；还清债务
5.gather around 聚集
6.sign up 报名
7.be related to 与……有关
8.be capable of doing 有能力做
9.be fed up with 受够了……；对……感到厌烦
10.take advantage of sth 利用某物
11.draw up 草拟，起草
12.be amazed at 对……感到吃惊
13.be based on 以……为基础
14.speed up 加速
15.refer to 参考；查阅；指的是
16.work out 理解；计算出
17.make sure 确保
18.keep fit 保持健康
介词短语和其他
19.rather than 而不是
20.in good/bad shape 健康状况良好/不佳
21.by oneself 单独地，独自地
22.up to 多达，胜任，直到
23.in case 以防万一
24.in particular 尤其，特别
25.in sight 看得见；在视野内
单元重点 语境背记
背多分2
1.prefer vt. (preferred, preferred, preferring) 更喜欢→preference n. 喜爱；偏爱
背重点
1)prefer sth to sth 喜欢某物而不喜欢某物
prefer doing/to do sth 更喜欢做某事
prefer doing sth to doing sth 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
prefer sb/sth to do sth 更希望某人/某物做某事
2)have a preference for ...偏爱……；喜爱……
in preference to 而不是
give preference to 优先考虑
背写作佳句
①I’m wondering how many periods of the course there are each week, for I prefer __________________ (have) some time at my disposal.我想知道这门课每周有几节课，因为我更喜欢有一些时间由我自由支配。 (咨询信)
②As far as I’m concerned, most students prefer to practise English with peers who are at a similar level.就我而言，大多数学生更喜欢和水平相近的同龄人一起练习英语。(2023·新课标卷应用文写作)
having/to have
③According to the above graph, 65% of the students surveyed would listen to English songs rather than visit English learning websites.根据上面的图表，65%的受访学生更喜欢听英语歌曲，而非访问英语学习网站。(2022·全国乙卷书面表达)
2.track n. 跑道；轨道；(移动的)路径；踪迹 v. (tracked, tracked, tracking) 追踪；跟踪；留下足迹
背重点
1)lose track of 不了解……的动态；与……失去联系
be on the track of 追踪
off the beaten track 人迹罕至
2)track down 搜寻；追查
背写作佳句
①Keeping track ________ current events can help you improve writing ability.了解新闻时事能帮助你提高写作能力。
②When we were ________ the track of the lovely rabbit, we got lost in the forest. 在追这只可爱的兔子时, 我们在树林里迷路了。
③His mind would wander, and he would lose track of what he was doing. 他会心不在焉起来，忘了自己刚才正在做什么。
of
on
3.balanced adj. 均衡的→balance n. 平衡；余额；天平 vt. (balanced, balanced, balancing) 使平衡；权衡
背重点
1)keep/lose one’s balance 保持/失去平衡
keep a balance between ... and ... 保持……与……的平衡
a sense of balance 平衡感
2)balance A against B 权衡/斟酌/比较A和B
balance between ... and ... 平衡……与……
背写作佳句
①Not only does the ocean offer us sufficient food, but it also keeps the balance of nature. 海洋不仅给我们提供了充足的食物，还保持了自然的平衡。(2022·全国甲卷短文)
②After ___________ (balance) the advantages against the disadvantages, David wiped away the tears, struggled to his feet and made his way to the starting line, a relaxed smile appearing at the corners of his mouth.权衡利弊之后，大卫擦掉眼泪，挣扎着站起来，向起跑线走去，嘴角露出轻松的微笑。(2022·新高考卷读后续写)
balancing
③Suddenly, he crashed into another athlete and lost his balance, injuring his ankle badly.突然，他撞上了另一名运动员，失去了平衡，脚踝严重受伤。(动作描写)
4.replacement n. 替换的人(物)→replace vt. (replaced, replaced, replacing) 接替；取代；更换；把……放回原处
背重点
1)replace ... with/by ... 用……替换……
replace ... as ... 取代……而成为……
be replaced by 被……替换/取代
2)take the place of sb=take sb’s place 代替某人
in place of 代替
背写作佳句
①Lost wealth may be replaced ________ industry, but lost time is gone forever.失去的财富可由勤奋而恢复, 但失去的时间却一去不复返。 (主旨升华)
②I replaced him ________ the leading role in the school drama, which came as a big shock to the class.我代替他成为学校戏剧中的主角, 这让全班同学大为震惊。(情感描写)
by
as
③After harvest, users simply replace the plants ________ a new pre-seeded pod to get the next growth cycle started. 收获后，用户只需将植物替换为新的预播种豆荚，即可开始下一个生长周期。(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)
with
5.desire n. 渴望；欲望 vt. (desired, desired, desiring) 渴望；期望
背重点
1)desire to do sth 渴望做某事
desire sb to do sth 想要某人做某事
desire that ... (should) do sth 渴望……做某事
2)have a strong desire to do sth/for sth 迫切要做某事/急于得到某物
have no desire to do sth 不想做某事
背写作佳句
①Knowing you have a strong desire ________ (learn) Chinese well, I’d like to offer you some suggestions.得知你很想学好汉语, 我想给你一些建议。(建议信)
②The disappointed twins desired their father __________ (tell) them how to make sandwiches, and he nodded. 失望的双胞胎想要父亲告诉他们如何做三明治，他点点头。(动作描写)
to learn
to tell
③We desire that our school ________________ (organise) more activities like this, which can not only relieve our great study pressure but also broaden our horizons. 我们希望学校能组织更多这样的活动，这不仅可以消除我们巨大的学习压力，也可以开阔我们的视野。(2023·浙江1月卷)
(should) organise
6.gather (gathered, gathered, gathering) vi.& vt. 聚集；聚合 vt. 搜集(信息)；收割；采集(植物；水果等)；收拢；归拢
背重点
gather around 聚在……周围
gather together 聚集
gather information/speed 搜集信息/加快速度
gather sb up 把某人扶起来
gather one’s strength/courage 鼓起力量/勇气
gather sb in one’s arms 把某人抱在怀中
背写作佳句
①Families gather for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can come up with. 不管在什么其他他们能想到的借口下，一家人在星期天、生日会聚在一起吃大餐。(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷活动介绍)
②An excited crowd of people gathered ________ her. 一群激动的人聚集在她周围。(情绪+动作描写)
③The sled gathered speed as it moved down the hill. 雪橇向山下滑动时速度变得越来越快。
around
7.crowd n. 人群；一群人；民众 (crowded, crowded, crowding) vt. 挤满；使……拥挤 vi. 涌进；蜂拥而至
背重点
1)a crowd of/crowds of 一大群；很多
the crowd 人群
2)crowd in (on) sb/crowd into sb’s mind (想法、问题等)涌上(某人)心 头；涌入(某人)脑海
crowd into/in 涌入(某地)
crowd out 挤出
crowd around/round 挤在……周围
crowd ... into ... 把……塞进……
3)be crowded with 挤满
背写作佳句
①The happy memory of getting along with my best friend crowded in on me/crowded into my mind.我与最好的朋友相处的快乐回忆涌入我的脑海。(情感描写)
②There was an air of expectancy among the waiting crowd. 等待的人群有一种期盼的心情。(情绪描写)
③The air smelled of the best bread baked, and customers soon crowded ________ the store, making the street ________ (crowd).空气中弥漫着烤得最好的面包的香味，顾客们很快就涌进了商店，使得街上人如潮涌。(场景描写)
into/in
crowded
8.remind vt. (reminded, reminded, reminding) 提醒；使(某人)想起
背重点
remind sb of sth 提醒某人某事
remind sb of sth/sb 使某人想起某事/某人
remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事
remind (sb) that/how/what ... 提醒(某人)……
常见的“v.+sb+of+sth”的短语还有：
inform sb of sth 通知某人某事
rob sb of sth 抢劫某人某物
warn sb of sth 警告某人某事
convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事
suspect sb of sth 怀疑某人某事
背写作佳句
①Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me ___________ (close) the window in my car when rain is coming.邻居们会给我带来刚做好的奶酪，还会在快下雨的时候来我家门前提醒我关上车窗。(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)
②It serves as a ___________ (remind) that kindness, generous help and love will influence others and be rewarded and virtue is a reward itself. 它提醒我们，善良、慷慨的帮助和爱会影响他人并得到回报，而美德本身就是一种回报。 (主旨升华)
to close
reminder
③She stared at the fire, the warmth of fire reminding her ________ Granny, tears streaming down her cheeks unconsciously. 她盯着炉火，炉火的温暖使她想起了奶奶，泪水不知不觉地顺着她的脸颊流下来。 (动作+情感描写)
of
9.case n. 状况，场合；事例，实例
背重点
in case 假使；以防(万一)(引导状语从句)
in case of ... 假如……；万一……
in ... case(s) 在……情况下
in this/that case 假使这样/那样的话
in any case 不管怎样；无论如何
in no case 决不(置于句首主谓部分倒装)
as is often the case 通常情况下
背写作佳句
①I have trouble getting along with my classmates, ________ which case I have to turn to you for help.我和同学很难相处，在这种情况下，我只得向你求助。(求助信)
②__________________, we students feel as if sitting on pins and needles before the end-of-term examination.像往常一样，我们学生在期末考试前感到如坐针毡。(心理描写)
③In ________ case shall I forget the disappointment in his eyes. 我决不会忘记他眼中的失望。(神态描写)
in
As is often the case
no
10.occupy vt. (occupied, occupied, occupying) 占用，占去(时间)
背重点
1)occupy oneself with sth/in doing sth 忙于(做)某事；专心于(做)某事
2)be occupied in doing sth 忙于做某事
be occupied with sth 忙于某事
keep sb/oneself occupied 使某人/自己忙碌
背写作佳句
①Because I was occupied with/occupied myself with how to play the guitar during the summer break, I am more than delighted to share this experience with you. 因为暑假期间我一直在学弹吉他，所以我非常愿意和大家分享这段经历。(2023·全国乙卷书面表达)
②The most important thing is to keep yourself ___________ (occupy). 最重要的就是别让自己闲着。(建议信)
occupied
③__________ (occupy) in looking after three children at home, she doesn’t have time to enjoy the various activities in the club. 由于要在家照顾三个孩子，她没有时间参加社团的各种活动。
Occupied
11.amazingly adv. 惊人地，了不起地
背重点
1)amaze sb 使某人吃惊
It amazes/amazed sb that ... 使某人吃惊的是……
2)be amazed at/by ... 对……感到惊讶
be amazed to see/find/learn ... 惊奇地看到/发现/获悉……
be amazed that ... 对……感到惊讶
3)to one’s amazement 令某人惊奇的是
in amazement 惊奇地
背写作佳句
①With a goal in mind, you will be amazed ________ your potential if you strive for that goal.心中有了目标，努力为之奋斗后，你会惊讶于自己的潜力。(建议信)
②It amazed me that you had given up the chance to go abroad.让我吃惊的是你竟然放弃了出国的机会。(情感描写)
③To her _____________ (amaze), she found that nearly all the neighbours came.她惊奇地发现几乎所有的邻居都来了。(情感描写)
at
amazement
12.benefit n. 好处，益处 (benefit(t)ed, benefit(t)ed, benefit(t)ing) vt. 使受益 vi. 得益于
背重点
1)benefit from/by ... 从……中受益；得益于……
benefit sb 对某人有益
2)be of (great) benefit to ...=be (very) beneficial to ... 对……(非常)有 益；(非常)有益于……
for the benefit of ... 为了……的利益
背写作佳句
①For students, what is most ____________ to/is of greatest ________ to their study is reading English books. (benefit) 对学生来说，最有利于他们学习的是读英文书。 (2022·全国乙卷短文)
②I have typed out some lecture notes ________ the benefit of those people who were absent last week. 我帮上星期缺席的人打印了些课堂笔记。
③It never occurred to him that his small act of kindness would benefit him so much.他从来没有想到这个小小的善举会让他受益良多。(主旨升华)
beneficial
benefit
for
13.capable adj. 能干的；能力强的→capacity n. 能力；容量/capability n. 能力；才能
背重点
1)be capable of (doing) sth 有(做)某事的能力
2)a capacity to do/for (doing) sth (做)某事的能力
have a(n) ... capacity for (doing) sth/to do sth 能够……
have a capacity of 有……容积/容量
背写作佳句
①Capable of speaking/With a capacity ___________ (speak) fluent English, I can communicate with ease.我能说一口流利的英语，我可以轻松地交流。(自荐信)
②We know that you are capable ________ doing it. 我们知道你有能力做这件事。
③People experience differences in physical and mental capability depending on the time of day. 人们会感受到在一天的不同时段，体力和脑力也会有所不同。
to speak
of
14.relief n. (焦虑、痛苦的)减轻或缓解；(不快过后的)宽慰、轻松或解脱
背重点
1)to one’s relief 令某人感到欣慰的是
It is a relief to do sth 做某事很放心/舒心
in/with relief 如释重负；松了口气
What a relief! 可轻松了!
breathe a sigh of relief/gasp with relief 松了一口气
2)relieve sb of ... 解除某人……方面的负担
背写作佳句
①Staring at each other, they felt a wave of relief flooded over them.他们凝视彼此，心生宽慰。(情感描写)
②I breathed a sigh of relief/gasped with relief as the plane landed safely.飞机安全着陆，我顿时放下心来。(情感描写)
③____________ (relief), she went home with a weight lifted off her heart.她如释重负地回家了，心头的重担卸下了。(情感描写)
Relieved
15.amount n. 数量；数额；金额 vi. (amounted, amounted, amounting) 总计；共计；相当于；等于
背重点
1)the amount of ……的数量
a small/large/huge amount of+n. [U]+v.(单数)
small/large/huge amounts of+n. [U]+v.(复数)
2)amount to 达到；合计；相当于；等于；意味着
背写作佳句
①A large amount ________ money raised in the charity sale has been donated to the local school.在慈善义卖中筹集的一大笔钱已捐给了当地的学校。(活动介绍)
②As a general rule, he can’t amount ________ much in his totality. 一般说来，人是不可能十全十美的。
③This amounts to doing the whole thing over again. 这就等于要把整个事情重做一遍。
of
to
16.satisfaction n. 满足；满意；欣慰
背重点
1)with satisfaction 满意地
to one’s satisfaction 令某人满意的是
2)satisfy one’s needs/demands 满足某人的需要
3)be satisfied with sth/sb 对某事/某人感到满意
背写作佳句
①To my ______________ (satisfy), with the help of my teacher, I finally succeeded in writing a satisfying/satisfactory article. My teacher nodded her head, smiling with satisfaction.令我满意的是，在我的老师的帮助下，我终于成功地写出了一篇令人满意的文章。我的老师点点头，满意地笑了。(2023·新课标卷读后续写)
②If you are not satisfied ________ our arrangements, please inform us in time so that we can satisfy your needs/demands. 如果你们对我们的安排不满意，请及时通知我们以便我们能够满足你们的需要。(日程安排)
satisfaction
with
17.sight n. 景象；视野；视力
背重点
catch sight of 看见
lose sight of 看不见；忽略
in/within sight 看得见
at first sight 乍一看；初看时
at the sight of 一看见
out of sight 看不见
背写作佳句
①________ the sight of the gift you sent me, I felt delighted and moved.看到你送给我的礼物，我既高兴又感动。(感谢信)
②Harry turned and caught sight of Cho, who was grinning. 哈利转过身看见了秋，她在咧着嘴笑。(动作描写)
③If you are not careful, you’ll lose sight of what really matters. 一不小心，你就会忘记什么是真正重要的。(主旨升华)
At
18.response n. 回答，答复
背重点
1)in response to 响应；反应(通常作状语)
make (no) response to 对……(不)做反应/回答
2)respond to 回应……；对……做出反应
背写作佳句
①Seeing his mother’s response, he burst into anger. “Why are you so cold ” he shouted. 看到母亲的反应，他勃然大怒。“你怎么这么冷 漠 ”他喊道。(情绪+语言描写)
②________ response to the audience’s great demand, the play will be put on in the theatre twice a week. 为响应观众的巨大需求，该剧将每周在剧院上演两次。
③She made no response ________ the question that reporter asked. 她没有回答那个记者的问题。
In
to
19.defend vi.& vt. (defended, defended, defending) 保卫；保护；防 守；辩解→defence/defense n. 防御；保卫；辩护；辩解；防守队 员，后卫
背重点
1)defend ... against/from ... 保护……免受……
defend oneself (against) 自卫；为自己辩护
2)in defence (of) 保护；为了保卫
in one’s defence 为某人辩解
come/rush/spring/jump/leap to one’s defence 立刻为某人辩解/护
背写作佳句
①Keeping a balanced diet and taking regular exercise can help defend ourselves ______________ infection.保持均衡的饮食和经常锻炼有助于保护我们免受感染。(倡议书)
②Seeing the fierce wolf, he rushed to defend/in defence of his son like an arrow.他看到那只凶猛的狼，像箭一样冲过去保护儿子。(动作描写)
③She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as if ________ defence.她向后退了几步，显得很惊讶，并举起双手，好像在自卫。(动作描写)
against/from
in
20.短语1 rather than 而不是
背重点
1)rather than用作并列连词，连接两个平行结构，前后连接的词的词性通常一致
rather than后接动词时，动词形式通常一致，但其前是不定式时, rather than后加动词原形
2)主语A+rather than+主语B，谓语动词的数与主语A在人称和数上保持一致
3)or rather 更确切地说
背写作佳句
①Facing up to your problems rather than ________ (run) away from them is the best approach to working things out.解决问题的最好办法是面对而不是逃避问题。(建议信)
②It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. 放慢脚步，把食物看作是有营养的东西，而不仅仅是会议间隙吃的东西，这一点很重要。(2024·全国甲卷)
running
③Thanks to his efforts, ________ rather the efforts of his employees, they made a decent profit. 由于他的努力，或者更确切地说是他的员工的努力，他们获得了可观的利润。
or
21.短语2 try out for sth 争取成为；参加选拔
背重点
1)try out on 在……上试穿/验
try on 试穿
try one’s best to do sth 努力做某事
try doing sth 尝试做某事
try to do sth 努力做某事
2)have a try/give it a try 尝试
be worth a try 值得一试
背写作佳句
①Since you are crazy about basketball, it’s rewarding to try out ________ the basketball match.既然你喜欢篮球，参加篮球赛选拔很有意义。(邀请信)
②He was anxious and uncertain, wondering whether he should have ________ try.他焦虑不安，揣摩着他是否应该试一下。(情感描写)
for
a
③Glancing over, I saw a mom bent over, encouraging one of her kids to ski downhill. The other kid stood beside her, eager for a try. 我瞥了一 眼，看到一位母亲弯着腰，鼓励着她的一个孩子往山下滑雪。另一个孩子站在她身边，渴望试一试。 (动作+情感描写)
22.短语3 keep up with 跟上；了解(消息/形势等)
背重点
catch up with 跟上
put up with 忍受
break up with 和……分手
come up with 提出
end up with 以……结束
make up with 和……和好
背写作佳句
①Would you come up with some suggestions on how to connect sentences logically 你能就如何有逻辑地衔接句子提出一些建议吗
(2022·北京卷邀请信)
②He was walking at a very quick pace and I had to jog to keep up with him. 他走得很快，我要慢跑才能跟上他。(动作描写)
③He caught up with Gary, puffing for breath. 他赶上了加里，直喘粗气。(动作描写)
23.短语4 in particular 尤其；特别
背重点
particular adj. 特殊的；特别的；挑剔的 n. 细节；细目
1)in particular=particularly 尤其；特别
2)be particular about/over sth 对某物讲究/挑剔
背写作佳句
①You’d better behave properly, particularly minding your table manners.你最好行为举止恰当，尤其要注意餐桌礼仪。(建议信)
②He was very particular ________ the kitchen—everything had to be perfectly clean and in its place.他对厨房非常讲究——每件东西都必须非常干净而且要放在相应位置。(场景描写)
③The whole meal was good but the wine ________ particular was excellent. 整顿饭都很好，尤其是葡萄酒棒极了。
about
in
24.短语5 make it 成功，到达
背重点
make it to 按时到达；能够出席或参加
make it+时间 定在某个时间
make it through ... 挺过……；熬过……
make up with sb 与某人和解
背写作佳句
①As long as you have a dream, keep trying and you will make it.只要你有梦想，不断努力就会成功。(劝慰信)
②I avoided looking down to prevent any sudden panic, and within a few minutes I made it ________ the peak and proudly smiled. 为了防止任何突然的恐慌，我避免往山下看，几分钟后，我爬到了山顶，自豪地笑了。 (情感描写)
③He and his wife made up ________ each other on the same day. 他和妻子当天就言归于好了。
to
with
25.句式1 完全倒装句
If you are new to running, here is some advice for you—it is important to warm up and cool down properly before and after running, so you do not hurt yourself. 如果你是一个跑步新手，这儿有一些建议——适当地跑前热身和跑后放松是很重要的，这样你就不会受伤。
背重点
1)out, in, into, down, up, away, here, now, there, then等表示方位或时间的副词和表示地点的介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装
2)当作表语的介词短语、形容词、分词提到系动词前面时，句子要完全倒装，构成“介词短语/形容词/分词+系动词+主语”结构
3)主语是人称代词时，句子的主谓不倒装
背写作佳句
①From the valley came the beautiful song.从山谷中传来美妙的歌声。(环境描写)
②Then ________ (come) the moment when David crossed the finish line to the thunderous applause and cheers from the crowd. 当大卫冲过终点线时，人群中响起雷鸣般的掌声和欢呼声。(2022·新高考卷读后续写场景描写)
③Lying on the bed ________ (be) my labmate, weak and worried.我的实验室同伴躺在床上，既虚弱又忧心忡忡。(2022·浙江1月卷读后续写)
came
was
26.句式2 before引导时间状语从句
A warm-up gets your blood flowing faster and prepares your body before you exercise. 运动之前的热身活动使你的血液流动加速并让你的身体为运动做好准备。
背重点
含before的常用句式有：
①It won’t be long before ... 用不了多久就……，从句用一般现在时
②It wasn’t long before ... 没过多久就……，从句用一般过去时
③It will be/take+一段时间+before ... 若干时间之后才……，从句用一般现在时
④It was/took+一段时间+before ... 用/过了若干时间才……，从句用一般过去时
背写作佳句
①If you miss this chance, it may be several years ________ you get another chance.如果你错过这次机会，也许需要过数年你才能获得另外一次机会。(推荐信)
②Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. 把你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末再 看，或者多等10分钟再去吃蛋糕。
③It won’t be long before she gets used to living a new life in a foreign country.她不久就会习惯在国外的新生活。
before
27.句式3 主语+be+too ... to ... ……太……而不能……
It’s never too late to start getting into running and exercising—after all, as the saying goes, “Anything is possible!” 什么时候开始跑步和锻炼都不晚——毕竟，正如一句格言所说“一切皆有可能!”
背重点
1)too+adj./adv. (for sb)+to do sth 结构，表否定的意义，意为“太……而不能做某事”，但当too ... to ... 用来修饰表达人的态度、情绪倾向的形容词如anxious, eager, glad, happy, pleased, ready, willing等时，不定式则表肯定意义
2)adj./adv. enough (for sb)+to do sth (对于某人来说)足够……做某事
背写作佳句
①I am too pleased to help you improve your fitness.我很乐意帮助你提高身体素质。(建议信)
②As the saying goes, it’s never too old ____________ (learn).俗话说，活到老学到老。(主旨升华)
③Too embarrassed to face my family, I simply called over my shoulder to Dad that I was leaving. 我很不好意思面对我的家人，我只是扭头对爸爸说我要走了。 (情感描写)
④Then suddenly, the noise became loud enough to wake up the dead! Frightening!突然，声音大得能吵醒死人!太可怕了! (情感描写)
to learn
28.句式4 数词/名词+of+关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句
The Chinese migrants used to gather in a park to enjoy cultural activities—one of which was kung fu. 中国移民过去常聚集在公园里享受文化活动——其中之一就是功夫。
背重点
1)one/two/several/most/each/all ...+of which/whom/whose ...
2)the+n.+of which/whom ... (该结构一般可与“whose+n.”互换)
3)以上两个句式中只能用关系代词which(指物)、whom(指人)、whose(指人/物)，不可以用who或that
背写作佳句
①The old man has two sons, one of ________ is a professor. 这位老人有两个儿子，其中一个是教授。
②This semester, our school offers many optional courses to the students, each of which appeals to many students. 这个学期，我们学校为学生提供了许多选修课程，每一门课程都吸引了许多学生。(告知信)
③Last Saturday, I bought some books from the bookstore, two of which were Chinese novels. 上个周六，我从书店买了一些书，其中两本是汉语小说。
whom
续写素材 场景练背
背多分3
——情感细节描写之“激动、兴奋”和“骄傲、自豪”
形容词/ 副词 excited, thrilled, proud, excitedly, proudly 动词/ 名词 dance雀跃, skip蹦蹦跳跳, excitement, thrill, pride
短语 ①to one’s excitement/thrill令某人激动的是; ②contain one’s excitement抑制内心的激动; ③with/in excitement激动地
神态(脸、 脸颊、 眼睛) ①(eyes) sparkle/twinkle/shine/dance with excitement (眼里)闪烁着激动的光芒; ②tears of excitement激动的泪水；③sb glow with pride脸上洋溢着自豪；④one’s face/cheeks glow with excitement激动得脸/面颊通红；⑤sb/one’s face flush/be flushed with excitement激动得满脸通红 heart ①(heart) be filled with excitement 满心激动; ②(heart) thump/pound with excitement (心)激动得怦怦跳
动作 ①tremble with excitement激动得发抖; ②dance/jump with excitement激动得雀跃/跳起来; ③wag its tail in excitement兴奋地摇着它的尾巴
用表“激动、兴奋”和“骄傲、自豪”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵
微场景3 | “比赛、演讲、表演等”主题下的“激动、骄傲” ——2023·新课标卷续写“写作比赛”片段
I won first prize! And I was the only winner whose mother tongue wasn’t English! Half stunned and half overjoyed, I, ①________ (flush), was greeted by my teacher’s proud laughter and my classmates’ thunderous applause. Later at the award presentation, I stood on stage clutching my trophy and certificate, ②________________________________ (心激动得怦怦跳，独立主格).
flushed
my heart pounding with excitement
微场景4 | “旅行”主题下的“激动、兴奋”
On the journey to the lake, ③____________________________________ _______________________ (妈妈的双眼闪着激动的光芒，无灵主语句). Mom insisted that we go camping in the next village, and we could ④________________________________ (听出她声音中的兴奋). On arrival, Mom couldn’t wait to dash out and ⑤________ (excite) urged us to put up the tent. Breathing the fresh air, Mom admired the beautiful view, ⑥________________________________________ (激动得满脸通红，独立主格).
Mom’s eyes sparkled/twinkled/shone with excitement
hear the excitement in her voice
excitedly
her face glowing/flushing with excitement
