UNIT 9 LEARNING
主题语境 学习
背多分1 单元词汇 多维速记
写作词汇 1.a good first impression好的第一印象 2.the detailed data详细的数据 3.an effective strategy有效策略 4.one of the best-selling science fictions最畅销的科幻小说之一 5.an odd behaviour奇怪的行为 6.a gap between generations代沟 7.restore timely及时修复 8.unforgettable childhood难忘的童年 9.a satisfying outcome一个令人满意的结果 10.my teacher’s teaching approach我的老师的教学方法 11.a fine comic actor一位好的滑稽演员 12.take the subway乘地铁 13.a worldwide famous scientist一个世界知名的科学家 14.at an identical level在相同的水平上
阅读词汇 1.soccer n. 足球 2.subway n. 地铁 3.digit n. (0~9的任何一个)数字 4.helicopter n. 直升机 5.curve n. 曲线,弧线 6.gender n. 性别 7.journal n. 日记,日志 8.cell n. 细胞 9.input n. 输入;投入 10.context n. 上下文;语境;背景 11.chunk n. 语块 12.geometry n. 几何(学) 13.partner n. 搭档,同伴
派生词形 1.reflection n.沉思,想法,反射→reflective adj.沉思的,深思的→reflect v.反射,映出,反思 2.argue vi.争论,争吵 表明→argument n.争吵,争论,辩论 3.assume vt.认为,假定,假设→assumption n.假定,假设 4.automatic adj.自动的,无意识的→automatically adv.自动地,无意识地 9.ignore vt.忽视,置之不理→ignorant adj.无知的,愚昧的→ignorance n.无知,愚昧,不知 10.impression n.印象,感想→impress v.给……留下深刻印象,使钦佩→impressive adj.给人印象深刻的 11.simplified adj.简化了的→simple adj.简单的→simply adv.简单地,简明地→simplify v.简化 12.classic adj.经典的→classical adj.古典的 13.unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的,不了解的→familiar adj.熟悉的,了解的 14.memorise vt.记住,熟记→memory n.记忆力,记性,回忆→memorable adj.难忘的→memorisation n.记住,识记 15.effectively adv.有效地→effective adj.生效的,有效的→effect n.结果,效应,作用,影响 16.recommend vt.推荐,建议→recommendation n.推荐,介绍 17.novel n.小说 adj.新奇的→novelist n.小说家 18.normally adv.通常,平常→normal adj.正常的,平常的→abnormal adj.不正常的 19.arrangement n.计划,安排→arrange v.计划,安排,筹划 布置;谱写 20.emotional adj.情感上的,情绪上的→emotion n.情感,情绪 5.flexible adj.灵活的,可变通的→flexibility n.柔韧性,灵活性 6.promote vt.促进,增进→promotion n.晋升,促销,促进 7.unlikely adj.不大可能的→likely adj.可能的 8.exist vi.存在,实际上有→existing adj.现存的,现有的→existence n.存在 21.excitement n.兴奋,激动→excite v.使兴奋,使激动→excited adj.兴奋的,激动的→exciting adj.令人感到兴奋的,令人感到激动的 22.photographic adj.详细准确的,照片的,摄影的→photography n.摄影,摄影术→photograph n.照片→photographer n.摄影师 23.publish vt. & vi.出版,发表,刊登→publisher n.出版商→publishing n.出版(业)→publication n.出版,出版物 24.sharp adj.急剧的,猛烈的,尖的,锋利的→sharply adv.急剧地;严厉地→sharpen v.削尖,磨快→sharpener n.磨具,削具,铅笔刀 25.timely adj.适时的,及时的→time n.时间 26.periodically adv.定期地→periodical adj.周期的,定期的→period n.时期,阶段 27.identical adj.完全相同的,非常相似的→identically adv.同一地,相等地→identity n.身份;一致,相同→identify v.识别;认出;说明身份 28.evidence n.证据,证明→evident adj.明显的,清楚的→evidently adv.明显地 29.expose vt.使接触,使体验 曝光;揭穿→exposure n.暴露,揭发 30.acquire vt.学习,获得→acquisition n.获得,得到
重点短语 动词短语 1.make an effort 努力,作出努力 2.insist on 坚持 3.pay the bill 付账,买单 4.be honoured to do sth 很荣幸做某事 5.make progress 取得进步 6.have no difficulty in doing sth 做某事没有困难 7.end up 结束 8.brush up (on) 温习,复习 9.be curious about 对……好奇 10.be unwilling to do sth 不愿意做某事 11.go online 上网 12.become fluent in 在……方面变得流利 13.work with sb 与某人一起工作 14.focus on 关注,集中精力于 15.connect ... with ... 把……与……连接 16.make good use of 好好利用 介词短语和其他 17.in danger 处于危险中 18.in one way or another 不管怎样 19.as a result 因此,结果 20.for the first time 第一次 21.in terms of 就……而言 22.at first 起初 23.a couple of days 几天 24.that is to say 就是,即,换句话说 25.what’s more 而且,另外
背多分2 单元重点 语境背记
approach n. 方法;途径;道路;路径;接近 (approached, approached, approaching) vt. 接近;接洽;着手处理 vi. 靠近
背重点 背写作佳句
1)approach sb/sth靠近/接近某人/某物 be approaching临近;靠近 approach the problem处理问题 approach sb about sth与某人商量某事 2)(an) approach to (doing) sth (做)某事的方法/途径;……的通道/入口 随着……临近 ①With the Mid-Autumn Festival approaching/At the approach ________ the Mid-Autumn Festival, I’d like to invite you to join us in celebrating it.中秋节快到了,我想邀请你和我们一起过中秋节。(邀请信) ②Listening to some Chinese songs is also a good approach to ________ (learn) Chinese well.听一些中文歌曲也是学好中文的一个好方法。(建议信) ③A young Chinese man approached me on the train.一位年轻中国男子在火车上向我走来。(动作描写)
reflect (reflected, reflected, reflecting) vt. 反射(光、热、声音等);映出;显示;反映 vi.& vt. 反映;反思;表达(意见);仔细思考
背重点 背写作佳句
1)be reflected in sth某物映出…… reflect on/upon sth思考某事;回忆某事 2)be lost in reflection陷入深思中 a reflection of ...……的反映/倒影 ①You should set aside some time to reflect ________ your successes and failures.你应该留出时间反思你的成功和失败。 ②At my words, he hung his head, lost in deep reflection.听到我的话,他低下了头,陷入沉思中。(动作描写) ③The garden looked so beautiful with the setting sun reflected in the windows.夕阳映在窗户上,花园看起来很美。(环境描写)
promote v. (promoted, promoted, promoting) 促进,增进
背重点 背写作佳句
1)promote sb (from sth) to sth把某人(从某职位)提升到某职位 get promoted升职 2)promotion n.提升;晋级;促进 get/win a promotion获得晋级 ①They all agreed and vowed ________ (promote) the idea at the completion of their journey.他们都同意了,并发誓要在旅行结束后推广这个想法。(2024·全国甲卷) ②Not only did the mountain-climbing get us close to nature, but it also promoted the friendship between us. 爬山不仅让我们接近大自然,也增进了我们之间的友谊。 ③While waiting for the opportunity to get ________ (promote), Henry did his best to perform his duty.在等待晋升机会的同时,亨利竭尽全力履行自己的职责。
assume vt. (assumed, assumed, assuming) 认为;假设;假定
背重点 背写作佳句
1)assume sb/sth to be假定/假设某人/某物为 It is assumed that ...据认为…… 2)make an assumption (about ...) (对……)作出假设 on the assumption that ...假定…… 3)assuming (that) ...假设/假定…… ①The celebration party will begin ________ the assumption that everyone invited will turn up.庆功会将开始,假定每位被邀请的人都会出现。 ②For a few months after the“library”opened, I didn’t bother taking a look, as I had assumed that it would be stuffed full of cheesy love stories.在“图书馆”开放后的几个月里,我都懒得看一眼,因为我以为里面会塞满俗气的爱情故事。(2024·浙江1月卷) ③It is generally assumed ________ a student’s daily life is as important as his learning experience.人们普遍认为,学生的日常生活和他的学习经历一样重要。
exist vi. (existed, existed, existing) 存在;实际上有;生存
背重点 背写作佳句
1)exist in ...存在于……之中 exist on=live on ...靠……为生 There exists ...某地有……;存在…… 2)in existence现存的;现有的 come into existence产生;开始存在 ①Though difficulties exist in our daily life, we should not be afraid of them.虽然困难存在于我们的日常生活中,但是我们不应害怕它们。(劝慰信) ②They existed ________ food supplied by the organization which came ________ existence decades of years ago.他们靠这个几十年前成立的组织提供的食物生存。 ③There ________ (exist) many unbelievable phenomena in nature.大自然中存在着许多令人难以置信的现象。
acquire vt. (acquired, acquired, acquiring) 获得(知识,技能);学习
背重点 背写作佳句
acquire the habit of doing sth养成做某事的习惯 acquire a good knowledge of学到……的知识;精通…… acquire a reputation for得到……的名声 acquire success获得成功 ①It’s quite a good learning video if you want to quickly acquire a lot of vocabulary.如果你想快速获得大量词汇,那么这是个很棒的学习视频。(推荐信) ②I have acquired a good knowledge ________ English, enabling me to communicate with foreigners smoothly.我的英语很好,能顺利地与外宾交流。(自荐信) ③Having read the book, she will be able to pass on the ________ (acquire) knowledge to trainee teachers.读完此书,她便能将从书中所得传授给实习教师。
arrangement n. 安排;计划
背重点 背写作佳句
1)make arrangements for安排/筹备…… 2)arrange sth for sb为某人安排某事 arrange (for sb/sth) to do sth安排(……)做某事 arrange with sb about sth和某人安排某事 ①I’ve arranged ________ the neighbours ________ feeding the cat while we are away.我们外出期间喂猫的事,我已和邻居安排妥了。 ②I put the cookies on the table in her kitchen, arranged the handwritten letter beside it, and went home.我把饼干放在她厨房的桌子上,把那封手写的信放在旁边,就回家了。(动作链) ③Please let me know as soon as possible so that I can make ________ (arrange).请尽快让我知道,以便我做出安排。(邀请信)
expose vt. (exposed, exposed, exposing) 使接触;使体验;显露;揭露;使暴露于(险境)
背重点 背写作佳句
1)expose ... to ...使……接触……;使……暴露于…… expose oneself to ...使自己面临……;使自己暴露于…… expose sth to sb向某人揭发某事 2)(be) exposed to ...暴露于/接触…… ①Having been exposed to foreign teachers since a young age, I can communicate freely with foreigners in English.我从小就接触外教,因此,我能够用英语和外国人自由交流。(申请信) ②Seeing us approaching, she smiled joyfully, ________ (expose) nice little teeth.看到我们走近,她笑逐颜开,露出了漂亮的小牙。(神态描写) ③It was sixteen degrees below zero,the chilly wind blew across my body, and my own face hurt from just a few seconds’exposure to the icy air.零下十六度,寒风吹在我身上,我自己的脸在冰冷的空气中暴露了几秒钟就疼了。(环境描写)
短语1take part in 参与;参加
背重点 背写作佳句
1)take part参加;参与(其后不加宾语) take an active part in积极参加 participate/join in参加;参与 2)play a(n) ... part (in ...) (在……中)起……作用/扮演……角色 do one’s part for sth尽自己所能做某事 in part部分地;在某种程度上 ①The students selected from every class took part in the cross-country running race.从每个班选出的学生参加了这次越野比赛。(报道) ②It goes without saying that online learning plays an important part in our English learning.毋庸置疑,网络学习在我们的英语学习中起着重要的作用。(2022·全国乙卷短文) ③However, their perceived beauty is ____________ a visual illusion.然而,她们感知到的美有一部分是视觉上的幻象。
短语2be honoured to do sth 很荣幸做某事
背重点 背写作佳句
1)be/feel honoured to do sth做某事感觉很荣幸 be honoured for因……而受尊敬 be honoured as被尊为…… 2)It’s an honour to do sth做某事很荣幸 in honour of为了纪念;为了向……表示敬意 ①Li Ning was honoured ________ the prince of gymnastics.李宁被尊为体操王子。(人物介绍) ②I felt very honoured __________ (include) in the team.能加入这个团队,我深感荣幸。 ③We are planning to hold a dragon boat race in honour of the famous ancient poet Qu Yuan.为了纪念古代著名诗人屈原,我们计划举行一次龙舟比赛。(通知)
短语3end up 结束;终结
背重点 背写作佳句
1)end up with ...以……结束 end up as ...最终成为…… end up doing sth最终做了某事 end in ...以……告终 2)in the end最后;终于 at the end of ...在……尽头/末端 by the end of ...到……末为止(常与完成时态连用) make ends meet勉强维持生计;使收支仅能相抵 on end连续地;直立着 put an end to .../put/bring ... to an end结束…… ①Just keep on going. It will be worth all the effort in the end.继续奋斗。所有的努力最终是值得的。(演讲稿) ②Through hard work during the summer vacation, I mastered the basic skills in photography and I do hope that I can end up as a photographer in the future.通过暑假的努力,我最终掌握了摄影的基本技能,我真地希望将来我最终能成为一名摄影师。(2023·全国乙卷书面表达) ③________ the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience.在一天结束的时候,所有的运输机构现在都在尽一切努力改善乘客的体验。(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)
短语4take it easy 放轻松
背重点 背写作佳句
take down记下,写下 take in欺骗,领会,吸收,收留,包括 take off脱下,休假,起飞,事业腾飞 take away拿走,带走,使消除 take over接管,接收 take apart拆开,拆卸 take up占用,占据,开始从事(新工作),对某事产生兴趣 take on呈现,雇用,承担 take sth seriously严肃对待某事,重视某事 take ... for granted认为……理所当然 ①You needn’t take down whatever your teacher says at class.你不需要记下老师在课堂上讲的一切。 ②Don’t be taken ________ by products claiming to help you to lose weight in a week.不要被那些声称一周内帮你减肥的产品欺骗。 ③I would appreciate it if you could take my invitation ________ account.如果您能考虑我的邀请,我将不胜感激。(2022·新高考卷邀请信)
短语5as a result 作为结果
背重点 背写作佳句
as a result of因为;由于 result in导致,造成,引起…… result from由……引起 without result徒劳,毫无结果 ①Illegal hunt for ocean creatures is becoming from bad to worse. As a result, the balance of nature is destroyed.非法捕猎海洋生物的情况正变得越来越糟。结果,自然的平衡遭到破坏。(环境保护) ②That is to say, most cases of diabetes result ________ the unhealthy lifestyle.也就是说,大多数糖尿病病例是由不健康的生活方式引起的。 ③The attempt was made ________ result.那次尝试白费心机。
句式1动词+宾语+adj. (作宾补)+to do (作状语)
If you find your inner voice difficult to control, you can argue with it as most active learners do. 如果你发现自己内心的声音难以控制,你可以像大多数主动学习者那样和它争论。
背重点 背写作佳句
在此结构中,常见的动词有find,think, feel, consider, make等,作宾补的常用的形容词是hard, difficult, easy, comfortable, possible等。to do和宾语往往存在逻辑上的动宾关系 ①I find the task hard ________ (finish) on time by myself.我发现自己很难按时完成任务。 ②In the beginning, I felt my partner difficult to get along/on with, but gradually I discovered his enthusiasm and patience.起初,我感觉我的搭档很难相处,但是逐渐地我发现了他的热情和耐心。(2022·浙江1月卷读后续写) ③I think my father uncomfortable to be asked some private things.我想被问一些私人问题,我父亲会不舒服。
句式2if 省略结构
If not, at least you have “listened to” another point of view. 如果没有,至少你已经“听过”了另一种观点。
背重点 背写作佳句
if not如果不这样的话;如果没有 if ever如果有过/发生过的话 if so如果是这样的话 if possible如果有可能 if necessary如果有必要 ①If not convenient, let me know what time suits you best.如果不方便,告诉我你何时方便。(2022·北京卷邀请信) ②Keep your eyes open for the surrounding views. If not, you will regret sooner or later.留心看周围的景色。否则,你迟早会后悔的。(推荐信) ③It is always best to choose organically grown foods if ________.如果可能,最好还是挑选有机食品。
句式3倍数表达法
Girls were found to be twice as likely to enjoy works of fiction than boys. 研究发现,女孩喜欢小说作品的可能性是男孩的两倍。
背重点 背写作佳句
四种常见表示“倍数”的句型: ①A+谓语+倍数+as+adj./adv.的原级+as+B ②A+谓语+倍数+adj./adv.的比较级+than+B ③A+谓语+倍数+the+名词(size/length/width/height/depth ...) +of+B ④A+谓语+倍数+what从句,表“A是……的多少倍” ①The garden is ten times ________ (big) than the one I have in Beijing.这个花园比我在北京的那个大十倍。 ②Much to his surprise, he invited only ten friends to his party, but ________ (two) as many came.令他非常吃惊的是,他只邀请了十个朋友来参加他的聚会,而来的人却多了一倍。(情感描写)
句式4given that 引导的从句
Given that in OECD countries, two in three boys only read newspapers for pleasure, there is work to be done. 考虑到经济合作与发展组织国家中三分之二的男孩只为了消遣而看报纸这种情况,还有工作要做。
背重点 背写作佳句
1)given that在句中作连词,表“考虑到”,相当于considering; given可作介词,表“考虑到;只要是;假定;已知” 2)其他类似用法 assuming (that)假设;假定 supposing (that)假如;如果 ①Supposing that I am chosen to be chairman of the Student Council, I will organize more colorful after-class activities to enrich our school life.假如我被选为学生会主席,我将组织更多丰富多彩的课外活动以丰富我们的学校生活。(自荐信) ②________ (assume) that he did study hard, he should have passed the exam.假如他真的用功学习了的话,他应该会通过考试。
背多分3 续写素材 场景练背
——情感细节描写之“吃惊、惊讶”
形容词/副词 astonished, amazed, surprised, shocked, astonishing, amazing, surprising, shocking, surprisingly, amazingly, open-mouthed, wide-eyed 名词/动词 shock, astonishment, surprise, amazement, amaze, astonish
脸闪过惊讶 ①a look of surprise spread across/flashed across/crossed one’s face脸上露出惊讶的表情; ②have a look of surprise on one’s face某人脸上露出惊讶的表情; ③surprise registered on one’s face某人脸上露出惊讶
目瞪口呆 ①eyes widen in surprise/astonishment惊讶地睁大眼睛; ②stare/look at sb with wide eyes/stare wide-eyed/open-mouthed at sb目瞪口呆地看着某人; ③gape at张口结舌地看; ④one’s jaw drops/dropped张口结舌; ⑤one’s mouth drop/hang open in surprise惊讶地张大嘴
声音 ①a tone of surprise/a surprised tone/voice惊奇的口气/声音; ②give a cry of surprise吃惊地喊出声来; ③too surprised/astonished to utter a word/be speechless with shock惊讶得说不出话; ④gasp in astonishment惊讶得倒抽一口气
身体 ①freeze/stand still/stop dead/be numb with/in shock惊得呆住; ②be frozen with shock惊呆; ③shake one’s head in disbelief难以置信地摇头
用表“吃惊、惊讶”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵
微场景17 | “积极的生活态度”主题下的“吃惊、惊讶”
The last leaf was still there, clinging to its stem against the wall. So ①________ (amaze), so impressed, Johnsy ②________________________ (发出惊讶的叫声), “It is still there! ” ③__________________________________ (听出她声音里的惊讶), Sue confirmed, “Indeed, it didn’t fall after such a violent storm, so never should you give up the hope of recovery! ” ④________________________ (张口结舌地看着最后一片树叶,分词短语作状语), Johnsy felt a gleam of hope flaring up inside her heart, clear and dazzling.
微场景18 | “追求科学”主题下的“吃惊、惊讶”
⑤________________________ (他感到绝望,无灵主语) when he thought of missing the field trip. When he awoke, his father asked him to meet renowned and generous Professor Helfand, who would allow him to visit his observatory. ⑥________________________________________________ (又困惑又惊讶,他瞪大了眼睛望着教授,形容词作状语). After what seemed like a long time, ⑦____________________ (他从震惊中回过神来), with a smile flashing across his face. When seeing many big bright stars, he froze there, and then ⑧____________________________ (惊奇地叫了一声). When the professor invited him to join his team, he ⑨__________________________________ (惊讶得一句话也说不出来) and he just kept nodding his head in disbelief.
UNIT 9 LEARNING
背多分2
1.①of ②learning 2.①on/upon
3.①to promote ③promoted 4.①on ③that 5.②on； into ③exist 6.②of ③acquired 7.①with； about ③arrangements
8.②exposing 9.③in part 10.①as ②to be included 11.③At 12.②in ③into 13.②from ③without 14.①to finish 15.③possible 16.①bigger ②twice
17.②Assuming
背多分3
①amazed ②gave a cry of surprise
③Hearing the surprise in her voice
④Gaping at the last leaf ⑤Despair seized him ⑥Confused and astonished, he gaped at the professor, wide-eyed ⑦he recovered from shock ⑧gave a cry of surprise
⑨was too astonished to utter a word(共62张PPT)
必修 第三册
UNIT 9 LEARNING
主题语境 学习
单元词汇 多维速记
背多分1
1.a good first impression 好的第一印象
2.the detailed data 详细的数据
3.an effective strategy 有效策略
4.one of the best-selling science fictions 最畅销的科幻小说之一
5.an odd behaviour 奇怪的行为
6.a gap between generations 代沟
7.restore timely 及时修复
8.unforgettable childhood 难忘的童年
9.a satisfying outcome 一个令人满意的结果
10.my teacher’s teaching approach 我的老师的教学方法
11.a fine comic actor 一位好的滑稽演员
12.take the subway 乘地铁
13.a worldwide famous scientist 一个世界知名的科学家
14.at an identical level 在相同的水平上
1.soccer n. 足球
2.subway n. 地铁
3.digit n. (0~9的任何一个)数字
4.helicopter n. 直升机
5.curve n. 曲线，弧线
6.gender n. 性别
7.journal n. 日记，日志
8.cell n. 细胞
9.input n. 输入；投入
10.context n. 上下文；语境；背景
11.chunk n. 语块
12.geometry n. 几何(学)
13.partner n. 搭档，同伴
6.promote vt. 促进，增进→promotion n. 晋升，促销，促进
7.unlikely adj. 不大可能的→likely adj. 可能的
8.exist vi. 存在，实际上有→existing adj. 现存的，现有的→existence n. 存在
9.ignore vt. 忽视，置之不理→ignorant adj. 无知的，愚昧的→ignorance n. 无知，愚昧，不知
10.impression n. 印象，感想→impress v. 给……留下深刻印象，使钦佩→impressive adj. 给人印象深刻的
11.simplified adj. 简化了的→simple adj. 简单的→simply adv. 简单地，简明地→simplify v. 简化
12.classic adj. 经典的→classical adj. 古典的
13.unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的，不了解的→familiar adj. 熟悉的，了解的
14.memorise vt. 记住，熟记→memory n. 记忆力，记性，回忆→memorable adj. 难忘的→memorisation n. 记住，识记
15.effectively adv. 有效地→effective adj. 生效的，有效的→effect n. 结果，效应，作用，影响
21.excitement n. 兴奋，激动→excite v. 使兴奋，使激动→excited adj. 兴奋的，激动的→exciting adj. 令人感到兴奋的，令人感到激动的
22.photographic adj. 详细准确的，照片的，摄影的→photography n. 摄影，摄影术→photograph n. 照片→photographer n. 摄影师
23.publish vt. & vi. 出版，发表，刊登→publisher n. 出版商→publishing n. 出版(业)→publication n. 出版，出版物
24.sharp adj. 急剧的，猛烈的，尖的，锋利的→sharply adv. 急剧地；严厉地→sharpen v. 削尖，磨快→sharpener n. 磨具，削具，铅笔刀
25.timely adj. 适时的，及时的→time n. 时间
26.periodically adv. 定期地→periodical adj. 周期的，定期的→period n. 时期，阶段
27.identical adj. 完全相同的，非常相似的→identically adv. 同一地，相等地→identity n. 身份；一致，相同→identify v. 识别；认出；说明身份
动词短语
1.make an effort 努力，作出努力
2.insist on 坚持
3.pay the bill 付账，买单
4.be honoured to do sth 很荣幸做某事
5.make progress 取得进步
6.have no difficulty in doing sth 做某事没有困难
7.end up 结束
8.brush up (on) 温习，复习
9.be curious about 对……好奇
10.be unwilling to do sth 不愿意做某事
11.go online 上网
12.become fluent in 在……方面变得流利
13.work with sb 与某人一起工作
14.focus on 关注，集中精力于
15.connect ... with ... 把……与……连接
16.make good use of 好好利用
介词短语和其他
17.in danger 处于危险中
18.in one way or another 不管怎样
19.as a result 因此，结果
20.for the first time 第一次
21.in terms of 就……而言
22.at first 起初
23.a couple of days 几天
24.that is to say 就是，即，换句话说
25.what’s more 而且，另外
单元重点 语境背记
背多分2
1.approach n. 方法；途径；道路；路径；接近 (approached, approached, approaching) vt. 接近；接洽；着手处理 vi. 靠近
背重点
1)approach sb/sth 靠近/接近某人/某物
be approaching 临近；靠近
approach the problem 处理问题
approach sb about sth 与某人商量某事
2)(an) approach to (doing) sth (做)某事的方法/途径；……的通道/入口
随着……临近
背写作佳句
①With the Mid-Autumn Festival approaching/At the approach ________ the Mid-Autumn Festival, I’d like to invite you to join us in celebrating it.中秋节快到了，我想邀请你和我们一起过中秋节。(邀请信)
②Listening to some Chinese songs is also a good approach to __________ (learn) Chinese well.听一些中文歌曲也是学好中文的一个好方法。(建议信)
③A young Chinese man approached me on the train. 一位年轻中国男子在火车上向我走来。(动作描写)
of
learning
2.reflect (reflected, reflected, reflecting) vt. 反射(光、热、声音等)；映出；显示；反映 vi.& vt. 反映；反思；表达(意见)；仔细思考
背重点
1)be reflected in sth 某物映出……
reflect on/upon sth 思考某事；回忆某事
2)be lost in reflection 陷入深思中
a reflection of ... ……的反映/倒影
背写作佳句
①You should set aside some time to reflect ___________ your successes and failures. 你应该留出时间反思你的成功和失败。
②At my words, he hung his head, lost in deep reflection.听到我的话，他低下了头，陷入沉思中。(动作描写)
③The garden looked so beautiful with the setting sun reflected in the windows. 夕阳映在窗户上，花园看起来很美。(环境描写)
on/upon
3.promote v. (promoted, promoted, promoting) 促进，增进
背重点
1)promote sb (from sth) to sth把某人(从某职位)提升到某职位
get promoted 升职
2)promotion n. 提升；晋级；促进
get/win a promotion 获得晋级
背写作佳句
①They all agreed and vowed ___________ (promote) the idea at the completion of their journey. 他们都同意了，并发誓要在旅行结束后推广这个想法。(2024·全国甲卷)
②Not only did the mountain-climbing get us close to nature, but it also promoted the friendship between us. 爬山不仅让我们接近大自然，也增进了我们之间的友谊。
③While waiting for the opportunity to get ___________ (promote), Henry did his best to perform his duty. 在等待晋升机会的同时，亨利竭尽全力履行自己的职责。
to promote
promoted
4.assume vt. (assumed, assumed, assuming) 认为；假设；假定
背重点
1)assume sb/sth to be 假定/假设某人/某物为
It is assumed that ... 据认为……
2)make an assumption (about ...) (对……)作出假设
on the assumption that ... 假定……
3)assuming (that) ... 假设/假定……
背写作佳句
①The celebration party will begin ________ the assumption that everyone invited will turn up. 庆功会将开始，假定每位被邀请的人都会出现。
②For a few months after the “library” opened, I didn’t bother taking a look, as I had assumed that it would be stuffed full of cheesy love stories.在“图书馆”开放后的几个月里，我都懒得看一眼，因为我以为里面会塞满俗气的爱情故事。(2024·浙江1月卷)
on
③It is generally assumed ________ a student’s daily life is as important as his learning experience. 人们普遍认为，学生的日常生活和他的学习经历一样重要。
that
5.exist vi. (existed, existed, existing) 存在；实际上有；生存
背重点
1)exist in ... 存在于……之中
exist on=live on ... 靠……为生
There exists ... 某地有……；存在……
2)in existence 现存的；现有的
come into existence 产生；开始存在
背写作佳句
①Though difficulties exist in our daily life, we should not be afraid of them.虽然困难存在于我们的日常生活中, 但是我们不应害怕它们。
(劝慰信)
②They existed ________ food supplied by the organization which came ________ existence decades of years ago.他们靠这个几十年前成立的组织提供的食物生存。
③There ________ (exist) many unbelievable phenomena in nature. 大自然中存在着许多令人难以置信的现象。
on
into
exist
6.acquire vt. (acquired, acquired, acquiring) 获得(知识，技能)；学习
背重点
acquire the habit of doing sth 养成做某事的习惯
acquire a good knowledge of 学到……的知识；精通……
acquire a reputation for 得到……的名声
acquire success 获得成功
背写作佳句
①It’s quite a good learning video if you want to quickly acquire a lot of vocabulary.如果你想快速获得大量词汇，那么这是个很棒的学习视频。 (推荐信)
②I have acquired a good knowledge ________ English, enabling me to communicate with foreigners smoothly.我的英语很好，能顺利地与外宾交流。(自荐信)
③Having read the book, she will be able to pass on the ___________ (acquire) knowledge to trainee teachers. 读完此书，她便能将从书中所得传授给实习教师。
of
acquired
7.arrangement n. 安排；计划
背重点
1)make arrangements for 安排/筹备……
2)arrange sth for sb 为某人安排某事
arrange (for sb/sth) to do sth 安排(……)做某事
arrange with sb about sth 和某人安排某事
背写作佳句
①I’ve arranged ________ the neighbours ________ feeding the cat while we are away. 我们外出期间喂猫的事，我已和邻居安排妥了。
②I put the cookies on the table in her kitchen, arranged the handwritten letter beside it, and went home. 我把饼干放在她厨房的桌子上，把那封手写的信放在旁边，就回家了。 (动作链)
③Please let me know as soon as possible so that I can make
________________ (arrange). 请尽快让我知道，以便我做出安排。(邀请信)
with
about
arrangements
8.expose vt. (exposed, exposed, exposing) 使接触；使体验；显露；揭露；使暴露于(险境)
背重点
1)expose ... to ... 使……接触……；使……暴露于……
expose oneself to ... 使自己面临……；使自己暴露于……
expose sth to sb 向某人揭发某事
2)(be) exposed to ... 暴露于/接触……
背写作佳句
①Having been exposed to foreign teachers since a young age, I can communicate freely with foreigners in English.我从小就接触外教,因此,我能够用英语和外国人自由交流。(申请信)
②Seeing us approaching, she smiled joyfully, __________ (expose) nice little teeth.看到我们走近，她笑逐颜开，露出了漂亮的小牙。(神态描写)
exposing
③It was sixteen degrees below zero，the chilly wind blew across my body, and my own face hurt from just a few seconds’ exposure to the icy air. 零下十六度，寒风吹在我身上，我自己的脸在冰冷的空气中暴露了几秒钟就疼了。(环境描写)
9.短语1 take part in 参与；参加
背重点
1)take part 参加；参与(其后不加宾语)
take an active part in 积极参加
participate/join in 参加；参与
2)play a(n) ... part (in ...) (在……中)起……作用/扮演……角色
do one’s part for sth 尽自己所能做某事
in part 部分地；在某种程度上
背写作佳句
①The students selected from every class took part in the cross-country running race. 从每个班选出的学生参加了这次越野比赛。(报道)
②It goes without saying that online learning plays an important part in our English learning.毋庸置疑，网络学习在我们的英语学习中起着重要的作用。(2022·全国乙卷短文)
③However, their perceived beauty is ____________ a visual illusion. 然而，她们感知到的美有一部分是视觉上的幻象。
in part
10.短语2 be honoured to do sth 很荣幸做某事
背重点
1)be/feel honoured to do sth 做某事感觉很荣幸
be honoured for 因……而受尊敬
be honoured as 被尊为……
2)It’s an honour to do sth 做某事很荣幸
in honour of 为了纪念；为了向……表示敬意
背写作佳句
①Li Ning was honoured ________ the prince of gymnastics. 李宁被尊为体操王子。(人物介绍)
②I felt very honoured ________________ (include) in the team. 能加入这个团队，我深感荣幸。
③We are planning to hold a dragon boat race in honour of the famous ancient poet Qu Yuan. 为了纪念古代著名诗人屈原，我们计划举行一次龙舟比赛。(通知)
as
to be included
11.短语3 end up 结束；终结
背重点
1)end up with ... 以……结束
end up as ... 最终成为……
end up doing sth 最终做了某事
end in ... 以……告终
2)in the end 最后；终于
at the end of ... 在……尽头/末端
by the end of ... 到……末为止(常与完成时态连用)
make ends meet 勉强维持生计；使收支仅能相抵
on end 连续地；直立着
put an end to .../put/bring ... to an end 结束……
背写作佳句
①Just keep on going. It will be worth all the effort in the end.继续奋
斗。所有的努力最终是值得的。(演讲稿)
②Through hard work during the summer vacation, I mastered the basic skills in photography and I do hope that I can end up as a photographer in the future. 通过暑假的努力，我最终掌握了摄影的基本技能，我真地希望将来我最终能成为一名摄影师。(2023·全国乙卷书面表达)
③________ the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience. 在一天结束的时候,所有的运输机构现在都在尽一切努力改善乘客的体验。(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)
At
12.短语4 take it easy 放轻松
背重点
take down 记下，写下
take in 欺骗，领会，吸收，收留，包括
take off 脱下，休假，起飞，事业腾飞
take away 拿走，带走，使消除
take over 接管，接收
take apart 拆开，拆卸
take up 占用，占据，开始从事(新工作)，对某事产生兴趣
take on 呈现，雇用，承担
take sth seriously 严肃对待某事，重视某事
take ... for granted 认为……理所当然
背写作佳句
①You needn’t take down whatever your teacher says at class. 你不需要记下老师在课堂上讲的一切。
②Don’t be taken ________ by products claiming to help you to lose weight in a week. 不要被那些声称一周内帮你减肥的产品欺骗。
③I would appreciate it if you could take my invitation ________ account. 如果您能考虑我的邀请，我将不胜感激。(2022·新高考卷邀请信)
in
into
13.短语5 as a result 作为结果
背重点
as a result of 因为；由于
result in 导致，造成，引起……
result from 由……引起
without result 徒劳，毫无结果
背写作佳句
①Illegal hunt for ocean creatures is becoming from bad to worse. As a result, the balance of nature is destroyed. 非法捕猎海洋生物的情况正变得越来越糟。结果，自然的平衡遭到破坏。(环境保护)
②That is to say, most cases of diabetes result ________ the unhealthy lifestyle. 也就是说，大多数糖尿病病例是由不健康的生活方式引起的。
③The attempt was made ________ result.那次尝试白费心机。
from
without
14.句式1 动词+宾语+adj. (作宾补)+to do (作状语)
If you find your inner voice difficult to control, you can argue with it as most active learners do. 如果你发现自己内心的声音难以控制，你可以像大多数主动学习者那样和它争论。
背重点
在此结构中，常见的动词有find，think, feel, consider, make等，作宾补的常用的形容词是hard, difficult, easy, comfortable, possible等。to do和宾语往往存在逻辑上的动宾关系
背写作佳句
①I find the task hard __________ (finish) on time by myself. 我发现自己很难按时完成任务。
②In the beginning, I felt my partner difficult to get along/on with, but gradually I discovered his enthusiasm and patience. 起初，我感觉我的搭档很难相处，但是逐渐地我发现了他的热情和耐心。(2022·浙江1月卷读后续写)
③I think my father uncomfortable to be asked some private things. 我想被问一些私人问题，我父亲会不舒服。
to finish
15.句式2 if 省略结构
If not, at least you have “listened to” another point of view. 如果没有,至少你已经“听过”了另一种观点。
背重点
if not 如果不这样的话；如果没有
if ever 如果有过/发生过的话
if so 如果是这样的话
if possible 如果有可能
if necessary 如果有必要
背写作佳句
①If not convenient, let me know what time suits you best.如果不方便，告诉我你何时方便。(2022·北京卷邀请信)
②Keep your eyes open for the surrounding views. If not, you will regret sooner or later.留心看周围的景色。否则，你迟早会后悔的。(推荐信)
③It is always best to choose organically grown foods if __________. 如果可能，最好还是挑选有机食品。
possible
16.句式3倍数表达法
Girls were found to be twice as likely to enjoy works of fiction than boys. 研究发现，女孩喜欢小说作品的可能性是男孩的两倍。
背重点
四种常见表示“倍数”的句型：
①A+谓语+倍数+as+adj./adv.的原级+as+B
②A+谓语+倍数+adj./adv.的比较级+than+B
③A+谓语+倍数+the+名词(size/length/width/height/depth ...) +of+B
④A+谓语+倍数+what从句，表“A是……的多少倍”
背写作佳句
①The garden is ten times ________ (big) than the one I have in Beijing.这个花园比我在北京的那个大十倍。
②Much to his surprise, he invited only ten friends to his party, but ________ (two) as many came.令他非常吃惊的是，他只邀请了十个朋友来参加他的聚会，而来的人却多了一倍。(情感描写)
bigger
twice
17.句式4 given that 引导的从句
Given that in OECD countries, two in three boys only read newspapers for pleasure, there is work to be done. 考虑到经济合作与发展组织国家中三分之二的男孩只为了消遣而看报纸这种情况，还有工作要做。
背重点
1)given that 在句中作连词，表“考虑到”，相当于considering; given可作介词，表“考虑到；只要是；假定；已知”
2)其他类似用法
assuming (that) 假设；假定
supposing (that) 假如；如果
背写作佳句
①Supposing that I am chosen to be chairman of the Student Council, I will organize more colorful after-class activities to enrich our school life.假如我被选为学生会主席，我将组织更多丰富多彩的课外活动以丰富我们的学校生活。(自荐信)
②__________ (assume) that he did study hard, he should have passed the exam. 假如他真的用功学习了的话，他应该会通过考试。
Assuming
续写素材 场景练背
背多分3
——情感细节描写之“吃惊、惊讶”
形容词/副词 astonished, amazed, surprised, shocked, astonishing, amazing, surprising, shocking, surprisingly, amazingly, open-mouthed, wide-eyed 名词/动词 shock, astonishment, surprise, amazement, amaze, astonish
脸闪过惊讶 ①a look of surprise spread across/flashed across/crossed one’s face脸上露出惊讶的表情; ②have a look of surprise on one’s face某人脸上露出惊讶的表情; ③surprise registered on one’s face某人脸上露出惊讶
目瞪口呆 ①eyes widen in surprise/astonishment惊讶地睁大眼睛;
②stare/look at sb with wide eyes/stare wide-eyed/open-mouthed at sb目瞪口呆地看着某人; ③gape at张口结舌地看; ④one’s jaw drops/dropped张口结舌; ⑤one’s mouth drop/hang open in surprise惊讶地张大嘴
声音 ①a tone of surprise/a surprised tone/voice惊奇的口气/声音;
②give a cry of surprise吃惊地喊出声来; ③too surprised/
astonished to utter a word/be speechless with shock惊讶得说不出话; ④gasp in astonishment惊讶得倒抽一口气
身体 ①freeze/stand still/stop dead/be numb with/in shock惊得呆住;
②be frozen with shock惊呆; ③shake one’s head in disbelief难以置信地摇头
用表“吃惊、惊讶”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵
微场景17 | “积极的生活态度”主题下的“吃惊、惊讶”
The last leaf was still there, clinging to its stem against the wall. So
①________ (amaze), so impressed, Johnsy ②______________________
(发出惊讶的叫声), “It is still there! ” ③___________________________
_______ (听出她声音里的惊讶), Sue confirmed, “Indeed, it didn’t fall after such a violent storm, so never should you give up the hope of recovery! ” ④________________________ (张口结舌地看着最后一片树叶，分词短语作状语), Johnsy felt a gleam of hope flaring up inside her heart, clear and dazzling.
amazed
gave a cry of surprise
Hearing the surprise in her
voice
Gaping at the last leaf
微场景18 | “追求科学”主题下的“吃惊、惊讶”
⑤____________________ (他感到绝望，无灵主语) when he thought of missing the field trip. When he awoke, his father asked him to meet renowned and generous Professor Helfand, who would allow him to visit his observatory. ⑥____________________________________________
___________ (又困惑又惊讶，他瞪大了眼睛望着教授，形容词作状语). After what seemed like a long time, ⑦________________________ (他从震惊中回过神来), with a smile flashing across his face. When
Despair seized him
Confused and astonished, he gaped at the professor,
wide-eyed
he recovered from shock
seeing many big bright stars, he froze there, and then ⑧______________
_________ (惊奇地叫了一声). When the professor invited him to join his team, he ⑨__________________________________ (惊讶得一句话也说不出来) and he just kept nodding his head in disbelief.
gave a cry of
surprise
was too astonished to utter a word
