UNIT 2 SUCCESS
主题语境 个人发展
背多分1 单元词汇 多维速记
写作词汇 1.the ultimate goal终极目标 2.a rugby game一场橄榄球比赛 3.some elements of success一些成功的要素 4.sign a contract签一份合同 5.an academic paper一篇学术论文 6.a famous professor一位著名的教授 7.the process of production生产过程 8.boil porridge煮粥 9.make a set of furniture做一套家具 10.an outstanding dancer一位杰出的舞者 11.a gifted building designer一位有天赋的建筑设计师 12.a symbol of London伦敦的象征
阅读词汇 1.bridal adj. 婚礼的,新娘的 2.iron n. 铁;熨斗 3.hammer n. 榔头;锤子 4.platform n. 舞台;月台 5.astronaut n. 宇航员 6.career n. 职业,事业 7.employee n. 雇员 8.millionaire n. 百万富翁 9.triathlete n. 铁人三项运动 10.sacrifice n. 牺牲 11.encyclopaedia n. 百科全书
派生词形 1.determined adj.坚定的,坚决的→determine v.确定,查明→determination n.决定,决心,果断 2.comfortably adv.舒服地,舒适地→comfortable adj.舒服的,舒适的→comfort v.安慰,慰藉 3.enthusiastic adj.热心的,热衷的→enthusiasm n.热情,热忱 4.ambitious adj.有抱负的,有雄心的→ambition n.雄心,抱负,野心 5.appreciative adj.感激的→appreciate v.欣赏,感激→appreciation n.欣赏,感激,感谢 10.furniture n.家具→furnish v.提供,供应,装备→furnished adj.配备家具的 11.guilty adj.内疚的,羞愧的→guilt n.犯罪,过失,内疚 12.influential adj.有影响力的→influence n.影响 v.影响 13.devote vt.把……奉献给,专心致力于→devoted adj.挚爱的,忠诚的→devotion n.献身,忠诚,专心 14.production n.生产,产量→produce v.生产,产生n.农产品→producer n.生产者,制造者→product n.产品,制品→productive adj.多产的,富有成效的 15.minimum n.最小量,最低限度→maximum n.最大量,最大限度 16.championship n.冠军称号,冠军地位→champion n.冠军,优胜者 17.publisher n.出版商→publish v.出版,发行→publishing n.出版(业)→publication n.出版,发行 18.motivating adj.起激励作用的,激发(人)的→motivate v.激发,激励→motivated adj.积极的,主动的→motivation n.积极性,动力 19.limit vt. & n.限制,限定→limited adj.有限制的→limitless adj.无限制的 20.convince vt.使确信,使信服→convinced adj.确信的,坚信的→convincing adj.有说服力的,使人信服的 21.academic adj.学术的→academically adv.学术上地,学业地→academy n.学会,研究会 22.defensive adj.戒备的,自卫的→defend v.防护,防御,保卫→defence/defense n.防护,保卫 6.injury n.伤,损害→injure v.受伤,伤害→injured adj.受伤的 7.commitment n.投入,忠诚,奉献,承诺→commit v.承担义务,使作出保证,犯错→committed adj.坚定的,尽心尽力的 8.employee n.雇员→employ v.雇用,聘请 应用;运用→employment n.雇用,聘用→employer n.雇主,雇用者→unemployment n.失业 9.fortune n.大笔的钱,巨款→fortunate adj.幸运的,吉利的→fortunately adv.幸运地 23.intensity n.强度,强烈→intensive adj.加强的,强烈的→intensively adv.强烈地,紧张地 24.selfish adj.自私的,自私自利的→selfishly adv.自私地→selfishness n.自私,自私自利→selfless adj.无私的 25.countless adj.无数的,数不尽的→count v.数数,计算→countable adj.可数的 26.boil vi. & vt. (使)沸腾,煮沸→boiled adj.煮沸的,煮熟的→boiling adj.正在沸腾的 27.length n.长度→lengthen v.使延长,使变长→long adj.长的 28.normal adj.正常的,平常的→normally adv.通常,一般地,正常地→abnormal adj.不正常的 29.recognised adj.公认的,经过检验的→recognise v.认出,辨认出,承认→recognition n.认出,识别,承认 30.contribute vi.捐献,促成→contributor n.捐款人,撰稿人→contribution n.贡献,稿件 31.retire v.退休,退职→retired adj.退休的→retirement n.退休 32.leadership n.领导,领导地位→leader n.领袖,领导人→lead v.带领;导致;通向 33.advanced adj.先进的,高级的,晚期的→advance n.进步,进展 v.进展,前进 34.found vt.创立,创建→founder n.创建者,创始人→foundation n.建立,创办 35.faith n.相信,信任→faithful adj.忠诚的,忠实的→faithfully adv.忠诚地,忠实地
派生词形 36.rejection n.嫌弃,拒绝接受→reject v.拒绝接受 37.fashion n.时尚→fashionable adj.流行的,时髦的 38.designer n.设计师,设计者→design v.计划;设计 adj.有名师设计的;名牌的 39.discipline vt.处理;训练 n.自制力;纪律→disciplined adj.遵守规律的,受过训练的
重点短语 动词短语 1.retire from 从……退休 2.contribute to 促进,造成,捐款 3.participate in 参加,参与 4.take up 从事,占据(时间等) 5.set up 建立 6.land on 着陆,登陆 7.have a strong will 有坚强的意志 8.be replaced by 被……代替 9.make the same mistake 犯相同的错误 10.depend on 依靠,依赖 11.devote ... to 致力于 12.have no chance 没有可能性 13.encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 14.focus on 集中精力于 15.be interested in 对……感兴趣 16.write down 写下 17.convince sb to do sth 说服某人做某事 18.sound like 听起来像 19.get on 发迹,出人头地 20.drop out 退学,辍学,脱离 21.achieve one’s goal 实现某人的目标 43.not ... but 不是……而是 22.worry about 担心,担忧 23.be regarded as 被看作…… 24.give away 捐赠 25.think about 考虑 26.make sense 有意义,解释得通 27.be passionate about 对……热爱 e up with 想出,提出 29.be likely to do sth 很可能做某事 30.deal with 解决,处理 31.remind sb of sth 使某人想起某事 32.be willing to do sth 愿意做某事 33.strive for 为……努力,奋斗 34.boil down to sth 归结为,要点是 35.apply oneself to sth 努力,专心致志于某事 36.be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 介词短语和其他 37.apart from 除……之外 38.in this way 用这种方式 39.at the moment 目前,现在 40.in order to do sth 为了做某事 41.even if/though 即使,尽管 42.no longer 不再
背多分2 单元重点 语境背记
committed adj. 坚定的;尽心尽力的→commit vt. (committed, committed, committing) 承诺;保证(某个人、机构等) vi. 忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等);犯(错误;罪行等)
背重点 背写作佳句
1)be committed to (doing) sth致力于(做)某事 2)commit mistakes/a crime犯错/犯罪 commit sb/oneself to do sth承诺做某事 commit oneself to (doing) sth致力于(做)某事 commit ... to (doing) sth投入……(做)某事 3)make a commitment to (doing) sth保证/承诺(做)某事 ①I strongly suggest you commit an hour a day to ________ (read) English, which can gradually improve your oral English.我强烈建议你每天花一个小时读英语,这能逐渐提高你的英语口语。(建议信) ②All the different hallways and rooms were too much to think about, let alone commit to memory.所有不同的走廊和房间都让人难以想象,更不用说牢记了。(2024·浙江1月卷读后续写) ③Her ________ (commit) to teaching and happiness of being a teacher motivate me.她对教学的奉献和当老师的快乐激励着我。(人物介绍)
influential adj. 有影响力的;有支配力的
背重点 背写作佳句
1)be influential in对……有影响 2)have a good/positive/powerful/lasting influence on/upon对……有好的/积极的/强大的/持久的影响 under the influence of在……影响下 3)influence sb to do sth影响某人做某事 be influenced by ...被……影响 ①Yuan Longping is one of the most influential scientists in agriculture, ________ whose influence I decide to major in science.袁隆平是最有影响力的农业科学家之一,在他的影响下我决定主修理科。(短文) ②My physics teacher is my role model, who has influenced me to take up a position as a teacher.我的物理老师是我的榜样,他影响了我去做一名教师。(短文) ③Written laws have a great influence ________ virtues.成文的法律对美德有很大的影响。(2024·北京卷)
limit n.& vt. (limited, limited, limiting) 限制;限定
背重点 背写作佳句
1)limit ... to ...把……限制在……内 2)without limit无限制地 set a limit on ...对……规定限度 there is a/no limit to ...对……是有限/无限的 3)be limited to ...仅限于…… ①There is a limit to one’s life, but there is no limit to serving the people.人的生命是有限的,可是为人民服务是无限的。 ②Without friends, your world ________ (limit) to wilderness.没有朋友,你的世界将局限于一片荒芜。(主旨升华) ③But I have some worries. For one thing, my English is so limited. For another, I may suffer from culture shock.但是我也有一些顾虑。一方面我英语水平有限,另一方面我会遇到文化冲击。(求助信)
convince vt. (convinced, convinced, convincing) 使相信;使确信;说服
背重点 背写作佳句
1)convince sb to do sth说服某人做某事 convince sb of sth使某人相信某事 convince sb that ...使某人相信…… 2)be convinced of sth/that ...确信(某事)…… make sb convinced of sth使某人相信某事 ①My teacher persuaded me to participate in the writing contest and at the same time, he convinced me that I had the ability to create an interesting entry. Finally I cracked a smile, a sense of confidence welling up in my deep heart.我的老师说服我参加写作比赛,同时,他让我相信我有能力创作一个有趣的参赛作品。最后,我笑了笑,内心深处充满了自信。(2023·新课标卷读后续写) ②I’m firmly convinced ________ the significance of honesty, which will contribute to building a warm and harmonious society.我坚信诚实的重要性,它有助于建立一个温暖、和谐的社会。(主旨升华) ③I am convinced that you will have a better understanding of traditional Chinese paintings through this exhibition.我相信通过这次展览,您会对中国传统绘画有一个更好的了解。(活动介绍)
ruin vt. (ruined, ruined, ruining) 毁掉;毁坏;糟蹋 n. [U]毁灭;破产 [C][常pl.]废墟;遗迹;残余
背重点 背写作佳句
1)lie/be in ruins成为废墟 fall into ruin成为废墟;破败不堪 be reduced to ruins沦为废墟 2)ruin one’s health/fame/future毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途 3)get ruined被破坏/毁坏 ①You can’t change the past, but you can ruin the present by worrying about the future.你改变不了过去,但如果你忧虑未来,将会毁了现在。(主旨升华) ②Carl cares about nothing and he doesn’t dismiss that he has made the farm fall ________ ruin.卡尔什么都不在乎,他并不否认他已经使农场败落。 ③90 percent of houses lay in ________ (ruin) after the landslide and helicopters were used to evacuate people living there.山体滑坡后,90%的房屋变成废墟,直升机被用来疏散居住在那里的人们。(自然灾害)
injured adj. 受伤的→injure vt. (injured, injured, injuring) 使受伤;损害
背重点 背写作佳句
1)injure sth/sb使某物/某人受伤 be/get seriously/slightly injured受重伤/轻伤 injure one’s pride/reputation/feelings伤害某人的自尊/名誉/情感 2)the injured伤员 3)do sb/oneself an injury/do an injury to sb/oneself伤害某人/自己 ①I was wearing a seat belt then, without which I would have been injured.我当时系着安全带,否则我就受伤了。(交通主题) ②He lost control of the car, which crashed into the truck, and he got seriously ________ (injure).他的汽车失控,撞上了卡车,他受了重伤。(交通主题) ③They removed the injured with such great skills and were so cool in the emergency.他们熟练地将伤者移走,在紧急情况下表现得十分冷静。(脱困主题)
average n. 平均数;平均水平 adj. 平均的;正常的;普通的;平庸的 v. (averaged, averaged, averaging) 计算出……的平均数;平均为
背重点 背写作佳句
1)an average of平均有(后跟数词) the average of……的平均数 on average平均起来 above/below average在平均水平以上/以下 2)average ... out算出……的平均数 ①His academic performance is well ________ average, but he is still modest and helpful.他的学习成绩远超过其他同学,但他仍然十分谦虚,而且乐于助人。(人物介绍) ②For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.例如,从4个5人的讨论小组中得到的平均值比从20个独立个体中得到的平均值要准确得多。(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) ③Each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural (乡村) populations with basic medical care.每一站平均停留两天,在此期间,车上的医生和护士为农村人口提供基本医疗服务。(2024·全国甲卷改编)
recognised adj. 公认的;经过检验的→recognise vt. (recognised, recognised, recognising) 辨别出;承认;认可
背重点 背写作佳句
1)recognise sb/one’s voice认出某人/听出某人的声音 be recognised to be/as ...被认为是…… It is (generally) recognised that ...人们公认…… 2)beyond/out of (all) recognition认不出来 in recognition of用以肯定 ①He is universally recognised ________ one of the greatest scientists in the world.他被认为是世界上最伟大的科学家之一。(人物介绍) ②A sudden smile of ________ (recognise) flashed across his face.他脸上掠过一丝笑意,表示认识对方。(神态描写) ③Don’t wait for a smile to be nice, and don’t wait to be lonely to recognise the value of a friend.不要等到别人对你微笑你才对人友善,不要等到孤独才明白朋友的价值。(主旨升华)
contribute vi.& vt. (contributed, contributed, contributing) 增进;捐献;促成;投稿
背重点 背写作佳句
1)contribute ... to ...捐助……给……;向……投稿 contribute to有助于;导致;促成;向……捐款/投稿 2)make a contribution/contributions to ...为……作贡献 ①Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards.一定要安排好固定的时间来观看你的讲座,阅读材料,并参与在线讨论区。(2024·浙江1月卷) ②The community service was a job worthwhile to do, something positive I could do to make ________ (contribute) to the world.社区服务很值得做,是一件我能为世界做出积极贡献的工作。(2022·浙江6月卷读后续写主旨升华) ③The compass, paper-making, gunpowder, and the art of printing are called the four great inventions that China contributed to the world.指南针、造纸术、火药和印刷术被称为“四大发明”,是中国对世界做的贡献。(传统文化)
短语1make sense 有道理;合乎情理;表述清楚
背重点 背写作佳句
make (no) sense of ... (不)理解/明白…… It makes (no) sense to do sth做某事(没)有道理/意义 in a sense从某种意义上说 in no sense决不(用在句首时,句子主谓部分倒装) There is no sense in doing sth做某事没道理/意义 a sense of responsibility/direction/achievement 责任感/方向感/成就感 ①You can ask the teacher to speak slowly so that you can make sense ________ what he says.你可以请老师讲慢一点,这样你就可以理解他讲的内容了。(建议信) ②It makes sense ________ (work) out regularly so as to keep healthy.为保持健康经常锻炼是明智的。(建议信) ③There is no sense in worrying about it now.现在大可不必为那件事忧虑。(劝慰信)
短语2devote ... to ... 致力于……,把……献给
背重点 背写作佳句
1)devote oneself to献身于……;致力于……;专心于…… 2)be devoted to深爱……;致力于……;专心于…… 联想 以上短语中的to是介词,其后常接名词、代词或动名词作宾语 ①A warm current welled up in his heart the moment he realized how much love his father had devoted to him.当他意识到父亲对他倾注了如此多的爱时,一股暖流涌上他的心头。(情感描写) ②BMF employees are devoted to community service. BMF员工致力于社区服务。(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷改编) ③The old lady devoted herself entirely ________ education career.那位老妇人将一生奉献给了教育事业。(人物介绍)
短语3get on 发迹;出人头地
背重点 背写作佳句
get (...) across to ...被传达;被理解;把……给……讲清楚 get over越过(墙等);克服;从(疾病、损失等)中恢复过来 get through完成;用完;通过,接通电话 get along/on with进展;与……相处 get down to (doing) sth开始(做)某事 get away with murder逍遥法外;(做了错事而)安然无事 ①His charm and the fact that he is so likeable often allow him to get ________ with murder.他很有魅力而且讨人喜欢,这常让他能够为所欲为。 ②When you get down to something, it isn’t so difficult.当你开始认真对待某事时,事情就不难。 ③Your article won’t get ________ if you use too many technical terms in it.如果你使用太多专业术语的话,你的文章是不会被理解的。(建议信)
短语4drop out 退出,脱离;辍学
背重点 背写作佳句
drop one’s guard丧失警惕 drop a hint露口风;暗示一下 drop around串门 drop in on sb拜访某人 drop off睡着;(数量等)减少;掉下去,落下去 drop one’s voice压低声音 let the matter drop别再提这件事 ①Not being content with the judge, three players dropped ________ of the match.对裁判不满意,三名运动员退出了比赛。 ②Soon the flowers drop ________, and the fruit takes their place.很快,花朵凋谢,果实长了出来。 ③I thought I’d drop in ________ you while I was passing.我曾想路过时顺便来看看你。
短语5set sb/sth apart 使某人/物与众不同
背重点 背写作佳句
take ... apart把……拆开 set sb apart from使某人从……中脱颖而出 tell ... apart把……区别开来 tear apart使分裂 fall apart崩溃,土崩瓦解 apart from除……之外 ①Her clear and elegant prose sets her apart ________ most other journalists.她的散文凝练高雅,多数其他新闻工作者无出其右。 ②So guilty was he that he ultimately fell apart, tears of guilt clouding his eyes.他太内疚了,最终崩溃了,内疚的泪水模糊了他的眼睛。(心理描写) ③The lightning, looking like a golden snake, tore the dark sky apart.闪电,看起来像一条金蛇,撕裂了黑暗的天空。(环境描写)
句式1并列连词while表对比,意为“而;然而”
He was tired of being regarded as living a successful life, as a person who had everthing while many people had nothing. 他厌倦了被认为过着成功的生活,被认为拥有一切而很多人一无所有。
背重点 背写作佳句
1)while用作并列连词,意为“而,然而”,表示对比关系 2)while引导时间状语从句,意为“当……的时候” 3)while引导让步状语从句,意为“虽然;尽管”,表示让步 ①While travel can broaden your mind, I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time and money on it.尽管旅游能够增长见识,但是我认为在这方面花费太多时间和金钱不是一个好主意。(建议信) ②However, while some of her classmates edged ahead, others actually fell behind. 然而,虽然她的一些同学进步了,但其他同学实际上却落后了。(2024·浙江1月卷读后续写) ③Some jobs may seem very dull but are vital to society, ________ others can appear very exciting but are actually difficult and boring.有些工作可能看起来很枯燥,但对社会很重要,而另一些工作可能看起来很刺激,但实际上很困难和无聊。
句式2not ... but ... 不是……而是……
Success is not measured by how much money you have but by how you understand the true meaning of life. 衡量成功与否不在于你有多少金钱,而在于你如何理解生命的真正意义。
背重点 背写作佳句
not ... but ...连接两个平行成分,当连接两个主语时,谓语动词的数采用就近原则 有类似用法的还有:not only ... but also ..., either ... or ..., neither ... nor ... ①What sets him apart from others ________ (be) not his appearance but his qualities.使他与众不同的不是他的外表,而是他的品质。(人物介绍) ②His son is not applying himself to studying English but skipping classes, which makes him boil with anger.他的儿子不用功学习英语,而是逃课,这使他非常生气。 ③One simple act of kindness is a blessing for not only the receiver but also the giver.一个小小的善行,不管对接受者还是施善者,都是一份祝福。(主旨升华) ④Not Tom’s sisters but Tom ________ (want) to go to a key university after graduating from high school.不是汤姆的姐妹而是汤姆高中毕业后想上一所重点大学。
背多分3 续写素材 场景练背
——描述人物的“好奇、困惑”
形容词/副词 curious, puzzled, confused, curiously 名词 curiosity, puzzle, confusion
脸 ①a look of curiosity/confusion好奇/困惑的表情; ②one’s face eager with curiosity脸上满是好奇的渴望 声音 one’s voice be alive with curiosity声音里满是好奇
眼 ①eye curiously好奇地打量; ②gaze at/keep one’s eyes on ... with curiosity好奇地盯着……; ③raise one’s eyebrows扬眉; ④stare/look at sb/sth with curiosity好奇地看着某人/某物; ⑤curiosity sparkled/twinkled/shone in one’s eyes眼中闪烁着好奇的光芒
其他 ①curiosity gets the better of sb好奇心占了上风; ②out of curiosity出于好奇; ③burn with curiosity满是好奇; ④driven by curiosity受好奇心驱使; ⑤contain one’s curiosity/keep one’s curiosity in check抑制某人的好奇心; ⑥arouse/raise/satisfy one’s curiosity引起/满足某人的好奇心
用表“好奇、困惑”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵
微场景21 | “节日礼物”主题下的“好奇”
When presents began gathering under the tree, none matched the size and shape of a jewelry box that might contain a watch. However, one with my name on it did ①__________________ (引起我的好奇心). Mama had wrapped it well with thick paper, and the few times I could steal to the back of the tree to check it out failed to give me any clues about its identity. ②__________________ (我越发好奇,无灵主语句). Christmas seemed so far away. ③____________________________ (我最终还是按捺不住好奇心) and I opened the box and peeped inside.
微场景22 | “个人经历”主题下的“好奇、困惑”
She sat near the window and looked out, only to find a golden house shining in the morning sun. ④__________________ (她睁大眼睛,无灵主语句). Never had she seen such an amazing golden house before. Eventually, ⑤________________________________________ (好奇心促使她一跃而起,无灵主语句) and dash out. ⑥________________________________ (眼里闪烁着好奇,独立主格), she ran across the field until she reached the door of the house. She stopped at the door and stared at it with curiosity. ⑦____________________________________________ (她脸上满是困惑和好奇,无灵主语句).
UNIT 2 SUCCESS
背多分2
1.①reading ③commitment 2.①under
③on/upon 3.②would be limited 4.②of
5.②into ③ruins 6.②injured 7.①above
8.①as ②recognition 9.②contributions
10.①of ②to work 11.③to 12.①away
③across 13.①out ②off ③on
14.①from 15.③while 16.①is ④wants
背多分3
①raise/arouse my curiosity ②My curiosity grew ③My curiosity finally got the better of me ④Her eyes widened
⑤her curiosity drove her to leap to her feet
⑥Curiosity twinkling in her eyes ⑦Confusion and curiosity were written over her face(共64张PPT)
选择性必修 第一册
UNIT 2 SUCCESS
主题语境 个人发展
单元词汇 多维速记
背多分1
1.the ultimate goal 终极目标
2.a rugby game 一场橄榄球比赛
3.some elements of success 一些成功的要素
4.sign a contract 签一份合同
5.an academic paper 一篇学术论文
6.a famous professor 一位著名的教授
7.the process of production 生产过程
8.boil porridge 煮粥
9.make a set of furniture 做一套家具
10.an outstanding dancer 一位杰出的舞者
11.a gifted building designer 一位有天赋的建筑设计师
12.a symbol of London 伦敦的象征
1.bridal adj. 婚礼的，新娘的
2.iron n. 铁；熨斗
3.hammer n. 榔头；锤子
4.platform n. 舞台；月台
5.astronaut n. 宇航员
6.career n. 职业，事业
7.employee n. 雇员
8.millionaire n. 百万富翁
9.triathlete n. 铁人三项运动
10.sacrifice n. 牺牲
11.encyclopaedia n. 百科全书
1.determined adj. 坚定的，坚决的→determine v. 确定，查明→determination n. 决定，决心，果断
2.comfortably adv. 舒服地，舒适地→comfortable adj. 舒服的，舒适的→comfort v. 安慰，慰藉
3.enthusiastic adj. 热心的，热衷的→enthusiasm n. 热情，热忱
4.ambitious adj. 有抱负的，有雄心的→ambition n. 雄心，抱负，野心
5.appreciative adj. 感激的→appreciate v. 欣赏，感激→appreciation n. 欣赏，感激，感谢
10.furniture n. 家具→furnish v. 提供，供应，装备→furnished adj. 配备家具的
11.guilty adj. 内疚的，羞愧的→guilt n. 犯罪，过失，内疚
12.influential adj. 有影响力的→influence n. 影响 v. 影响
13.devote vt. 把……奉献给，专心致力于→devoted adj. 挚爱的，忠诚的→devotion n. 献身，忠诚，专心
14.production n. 生产，产量→produce v. 生产，产生 n.农产品→producer n. 生产者，制造者→product n. 产品，制品→productive adj. 多产的，富有成效的
15.minimum n. 最小量，最低限度→maximum n. 最大量，最大限度
16.championship n. 冠军称号，冠军地位→champion n. 冠军，优胜者
17.publisher n. 出版商→publish v. 出版，发行→publishing n. 出版(业)→publication n. 出版，发行
18.motivating adj. 起激励作用的，激发(人)的→motivate v. 激发,激励→motivated adj. 积极的，主动的→motivation n. 积极性，动力
19.limit vt. & n. 限制，限定→limited adj. 有限制的→limitless adj. 无限制的
20.convince vt. 使确信，使信服→convinced adj. 确信的，坚信的→convincing adj. 有说服力的，使人信服的
21.academic adj. 学术的→academically adv. 学术上地，学业地→academy n. 学会，研究会
22.defensive adj. 戒备的，自卫的→defend v. 防护，防御，保卫→defence/defense n. 防护，保卫
23.intensity n. 强度，强烈→intensive adj. 加强的，强烈的→intensively adv. 强烈地，紧张地
24.selfish adj. 自私的，自私自利的→selfishly adv. 自私地→selfishness n. 自私，自私自利→selfless adj. 无私的
25.countless adj. 无数的，数不尽的→count v. 数数，计算→countable adj. 可数的
26.boil vi. & vt. (使)沸腾，煮沸→boiled adj. 煮沸的，煮熟的→boiling adj. 正在沸腾的
27.length n. 长度→lengthen v. 使延长，使变长→long adj. 长的
28.normal adj. 正常的，平常的→normally adv. 通常，一般地，正常地→abnormal adj. 不正常的
29.recognised adj. 公认的，经过检验的→recognise v. 认出，辨认出，承认→recognition n. 认出，识别，承认
30.contribute vi. 捐献，促成→contributor n. 捐款人，撰稿人→contribution n. 贡献，稿件
31.retire v. 退休，退职→retired adj. 退休的→retirement n. 退休
32.leadership n. 领导，领导地位→leader n. 领袖，领导人→lead v. 带领；导致；通向
33.advanced adj. 先进的，高级的，晚期的→advance n. 进步，进展 v. 进展，前进
34.found vt. 创立，创建→founder n. 创建者，创始人→foundation n. 建立，创办
35.faith n. 相信，信任→faithful adj. 忠诚的，忠实的→faithfully adv. 忠诚地，忠实地
动词短语
1.retire from 从……退休
2.contribute to 促进，造成，捐款
3.participate in 参加，参与
4.take up 从事，占据(时间等)
5.set up 建立
6.land on 着陆，登陆
7.have a strong will 有坚强的意志
8.be replaced by 被……代替
9.make the same mistake 犯相同的错误
10.depend on 依靠，依赖
11.devote ... to 致力于
12.have no chance 没有可能性
13.encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事
14.focus on 集中精力于
15.be interested in 对……感兴趣
16.write down 写下
17.convince sb to do sth 说服某人做某事
18.sound like 听起来像
19.get on 发迹，出人头地
20.drop out 退学，辍学，脱离
21.achieve one’s goal 实现某人的目标
22.worry about 担心，担忧
23.be regarded as 被看作……
24.give away 捐赠
25.think about 考虑
26.make sense 有意义，解释得通
27.be passionate about 对……热爱
e up with 想出，提出
29.be likely to do sth 很可能做某事
30.deal with 解决，处理
31.remind sb of sth 使某人想起某事
32.be willing to do sth 愿意做某事
33.strive for 为……努力，奋斗
34.boil down to sth 归结为，要点是
35.apply oneself to sth 努力，专心致志于某事
36.be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
介词短语和其他
37.apart from 除……之外
38.in this way 用这种方式
39.at the moment 目前，现在
40.in order to do sth 为了做某事
41.even if/though 即使，尽管
42.no longer 不再
43.not ... but 不是……而是
单元重点 语境背记
背多分2
1.committed adj. 坚定的；尽心尽力的→commit vt. (committed, committed, committing) 承诺；保证(某个人、机构等) vi. 忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)；犯(错误；罪行等)
背重点
1)be committed to (doing) sth 致力于(做)某事
2)commit mistakes/a crime 犯错/犯罪
commit sb/oneself to do sth 承诺做某事
commit oneself to (doing) sth 致力于(做)某事
commit ... to (doing) sth 投入……(做)某事
3)make a commitment to (doing) sth 保证/承诺(做)某事
背写作佳句
①I strongly suggest you commit an hour a day to ________ (read) English, which can gradually improve your oral English.我强烈建议你每天花一个小时读英语，这能逐渐提高你的英语口语。(建议信)
②All the different hallways and rooms were too much to think about, let alone commit to memory. 所有不同的走廊和房间都让人难以想象，更不用说牢记了。(2024·浙江1月卷读后续写)
③Her ____________ (commit) to teaching and happiness of being a teacher motivate me. 她对教学的奉献和当老师的快乐激励着我。(人物介绍)
reading
commitment
2.influential adj. 有影响力的；有支配力的
背重点
1)be influential in 对……有影响
2)have a good/positive/powerful/lasting influence on/upon 对……有好的/积极的/强大的/持久的影响
under the influence of 在……影响下
3)influence sb to do sth 影响某人做某事
be influenced by ... 被……影响
背写作佳句
①Yuan Longping is one of the most influential scientists in agriculture, ________ whose influence I decide to major in science.袁隆平是最有影响力的农业科学家之一，在他的影响下我决定主修理科。(短文)
②My physics teacher is my role model, who has influenced me to take up a position as a teacher.我的物理老师是我的榜样，他影响了我去做一名教师。(短文)
③Written laws have a great influence ________ virtues.成文的法律对美德有很大的影响。(2024·北京卷)
under
on/upon
3.limit n.& vt. (limited, limited, limiting) 限制；限定
背重点
1)limit ... to ... 把……限制在……内
2)without limit 无限制地
set a limit on ... 对……规定限度
there is a/no limit to ... 对……是有限/无限的
3)be limited to ... 仅限于……
背写作佳句
①There is a limit to one’s life, but there is no limit to serving the people.人的生命是有限的，可是为人民服务是无限的。
②Without friends, your world ________________ (limit) to wilderness. 没有朋友，你的世界将局限于一片荒芜。(主旨升华)
③But I have some worries. For one thing, my English is so limited. For another, I may suffer from culture shock. 但是我也有一些顾虑。一方面我英语水平有限，另一方面我会遇到文化冲击。(求助信)
would be limited
4.convince vt. (convinced, convinced, convincing) 使相信；使确信；说服
背重点
1)convince sb to do sth 说服某人做某事
convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事
convince sb that ... 使某人相信……
2)be convinced of sth/that ... 确信(某事)……
make sb convinced of sth 使某人相信某事
背写作佳句
①My teacher persuaded me to participate in the writing contest and at the same time, he convinced me that I had the ability to create an interesting entry. Finally I cracked a smile, a sense of confidence welling up in my deep heart.我的老师说服我参加写作比赛，同时，他让我相信我有能力创作一个有趣的参赛作品。最后，我笑了笑，内心深处充满了自信。(2023·新课标卷读后续写)
②I’m firmly convinced ________ the significance of honesty, which will contribute to building a warm and harmonious society.我坚信诚实的重要性，它有助于建立一个温暖、和谐的社会。(主旨升华)
③I am convinced that you will have a better understanding of traditional Chinese paintings through this exhibition. 我相信通过这次展览，您会对中国传统绘画有一个更好的了解。(活动介绍)
of
5.ruin vt. (ruined, ruined, ruining) 毁掉；毁坏；糟蹋 n. [U]毁灭；破产 [C][常pl.]废墟；遗迹；残余
背重点
1)lie/be in ruins 成为废墟
fall into ruin 成为废墟；破败不堪
be reduced to ruins 沦为废墟
2)ruin one’s health/fame/future 毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途
3)get ruined 被破坏/毁坏
背写作佳句
①You can’t change the past, but you can ruin the present by worrying about the future.你改变不了过去,但如果你忧虑未来，将会毁了现在。(主旨升华)
②Carl cares about nothing and he doesn’t dismiss that he has made the farm fall ________ ruin. 卡尔什么都不在乎，他并不否认他已经使农场败落。
③90 percent of houses lay in ________ (ruin) after the landslide and helicopters were used to evacuate people living there. 山体滑坡后，90%的房屋变成废墟，直升机被用来疏散居住在那里的人们。(自然灾害)
into
ruins
6.injured adj. 受伤的→injure vt. (injured, injured, injuring) 使受伤；损害
背重点
1)injure sth/sb 使某物/某人受伤
be/get seriously/slightly injured 受重伤/轻伤
injure one’s pride/reputation/feelings 伤害某人的自尊/名誉/情感
2)the injured 伤员
3)do sb/oneself an injury/do an injury to sb/oneself 伤害某人/自己
背写作佳句
①I was wearing a seat belt then, without which I would have been injured.我当时系着安全带，否则我就受伤了。(交通主题)
②He lost control of the car, which crashed into the truck, and he got seriously __________ (injure).他的汽车失控，撞上了卡车，他受了重伤。(交通主题)
③They removed the injured with such great skills and were so cool in the emergency.他们熟练地将伤者移走，在紧急情况下表现得十分冷静。(脱困主题)
injured
7.average n. 平均数；平均水平 adj. 平均的；正常的；普通的；平庸的 v. (averaged, averaged, averaging) 计算出……的平均数；平均为
背重点
1)an average of 平均有(后跟数词)
the average of ……的平均数
on average 平均起来
above/below average 在平均水平以上/以下
2)average ... out 算出……的平均数
背写作佳句
①His academic performance is well ________ average, but he is still modest and helpful.他的学习成绩远超过其他同学，但他仍然十分谦
虚，而且乐于助人。(人物介绍)
②For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals. 例如，从4个5人的讨论小组中得到的平均值比从20个独立个体中得到的平均值要准确得多。(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
above
③Each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural (乡村) populations with basic medical care. 每一站平均停留两天，在此期间，车上的医生和护士为农村人口提供基本医疗服务。(2024·全国甲卷改编)
8.recognised adj. 公认的；经过检验的→recognise vt. (recognised, recognised, recognising) 辨别出；承认；认可
背重点
1)recognise sb/one’s voice 认出某人/听出某人的声音
be recognised to be/as ... 被认为是……
It is (generally) recognised that ... 人们公认……
2)beyond/out of (all) recognition 认不出来
in recognition of 用以肯定
背写作佳句
①He is universally recognised ________ one of the greatest scientists in the world. 他被认为是世界上最伟大的科学家之一。(人物介绍)
②A sudden smile of ______________ (recognise) flashed across his face. 他脸上掠过一丝笑意，表示认识对方。(神态描写)
③Don’t wait for a smile to be nice, and don’t wait to be lonely to recognise the value of a friend.不要等到别人对你微笑你才对人友善, 不要等到孤独才明白朋友的价值。(主旨升华)
as
recognition
9.contribute vi.& vt. (contributed, contributed, contributing) 增进；捐献；促成；投稿
背重点
1)contribute ... to ... 捐助……给……；向……投稿
contribute to 有助于；导致；促成；向……捐款/投稿
2)make a contribution/contributions to ... 为……作贡献
背写作佳句
①Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards. 一定要安排好固定的时间来观看你的讲座，阅读材料，并参与在线讨论区。(2024·浙江1月卷)
②The community service was a job worthwhile to do, something positive I could do to make ______________ (contribute) to the world. 社区服务很值得做，是一件我能为世界做出积极贡献的工作。(2022·浙江6月卷读后续写主旨升华)
③The compass, paper-making, gunpowder, and the art of printing are called the four great inventions that China contributed to the world. 指南针、造纸术、火药和印刷术被称为“四大发明”，是中国对世界做的贡献。(传统文化)
contributions
10.短语1 make sense 有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚
背重点
make (no) sense of ... (不)理解/明白……
It makes (no) sense to do sth 做某事(没)有道理/意义
in a sense 从某种意义上说
in no sense 决不(用在句首时，句子主谓部分倒装)
There is no sense in doing sth 做某事没道理/意义
a sense of responsibility/direction/achievement
责任感/方向感/成就感
背写作佳句
①You can ask the teacher to speak slowly so that you can make sense ________ what he says.你可以请老师讲慢一点，这样你就可以理解他讲的内容了。(建议信)
②It makes sense ________ (work) out regularly so as to keep healthy. 为保持健康经常锻炼是明智的。(建议信)
③There is no sense in worrying about it now. 现在大可不必为那件事忧虑。(劝慰信)
of
to work
11.短语2 devote ... to ... 致力于……，把……献给
背重点
1)devote oneself to 献身于……；致力于……；专心于……
2)be devoted to 深爱……；致力于……；专心于……
联想 以上短语中的to是介词，其后常接名词、代词或动名词作宾语
背写作佳句
①A warm current welled up in his heart the moment he realized how much love his father had devoted to him. 当他意识到父亲对他倾注了如此多的爱时，一股暖流涌上他的心头。(情感描写)
②BMF employees are devoted to community service. BMF员工致力于社区服务。(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷改编)
③The old lady devoted herself entirely ________ education career.那位老妇人将一生奉献给了教育事业。(人物介绍)
to
12.短语3 get on 发迹；出人头地
背重点
get (...) across to ... 被传达；被理解；把……给……讲清楚
get over 越过(墙等)；克服；从(疾病、损失等)中恢复过来
get through 完成；用完；通过，接通电话
get along/on with 进展；与……相处
get down to (doing) sth 开始(做)某事
get away with murder 逍遥法外；(做了错事而)安然无事
背写作佳句
①His charm and the fact that he is so likeable often allow him to get ________ with murder. 他很有魅力而且讨人喜欢，这常让他能够为所欲为。
②When you get down to something, it isn’t so difficult. 当你开始认真对待某事时，事情就不难。
③Your article won’t get ________ if you use too many technical terms in it. 如果你使用太多专业术语的话，你的文章是不会被理解的。(建议信)
away
across
13.短语4 drop out 退出，脱离；辍学
背重点
drop one’s guard 丧失警惕
drop a hint 露口风；暗示一下
drop around 串门
drop in on sb 拜访某人
drop off 睡着；(数量等)减少；掉下去，落下去
drop one’s voice 压低声音
let the matter drop 别再提这件事
背写作佳句
①Not being content with the judge, three players dropped ________ of the match. 对裁判不满意，三名运动员退出了比赛。
②Soon the flowers drop ________, and the fruit takes their place. 很快，花朵凋谢，果实长了出来。
③I thought I’d drop in ________ you while I was passing. 我曾想路过时顺便来看看你。
out
off
on
14.短语5 set sb/sth apart 使某人/物与众不同
背重点
take ... apart 把……拆开
set sb apart from 使某人从……中脱颖而出
tell ... apart 把……区别开来
tear apart 使分裂
fall apart 崩溃，土崩瓦解
apart from 除……之外
背写作佳句
①Her clear and elegant prose sets her apart ________ most other journalists. 她的散文凝练高雅，多数其他新闻工作者无出其右。
②So guilty was he that he ultimately fell apart, tears of guilt clouding his eyes.他太内疚了，最终崩溃了，内疚的泪水模糊了他的眼睛。(心理描写)
③The lightning, looking like a golden snake, tore the dark sky apart.闪电，看起来像一条金蛇，撕裂了黑暗的天空。(环境描写)
from
15.句式1 并列连词while表对比，意为“而；然而”
He was tired of being regarded as living a successful life, as a person who had everthing while many people had nothing. 他厌倦了被认为过着成功的生活，被认为拥有一切而很多人一无所有。
背重点
1)while用作并列连词，意为“而，然而”，表示对比关系
2)while引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”
3)while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然；尽管”，表示让步
背写作佳句
①While travel can broaden your mind, I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time and money on it. 尽管旅游能够增长见识，但是我认为在这方面花费太多时间和金钱不是一个好主意。(建议信)
②However, while some of her classmates edged ahead, others actually fell behind. 然而，虽然她的一些同学进步了，但其他同学实际上却落后了。(2024·浙江1月卷读后续写)
③Some jobs may seem very dull but are vital to society, ________ others can appear very exciting but are actually difficult and boring. 有些工作可能看起来很枯燥，但对社会很重要，而另一些工作可能看起来很刺激，但实际上很困难和无聊。
while
16.句式2 not ... but ... 不是……而是……
Success is not measured by how much money you have but by how you understand the true meaning of life. 衡量成功与否不在于你有多少金钱，而在于你如何理解生命的真正意义。
背重点
not ... but ...连接两个平行成分，当连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数采用就近原则
有类似用法的还有：not only ... but also ..., either ... or ..., neither ... nor ...
背写作佳句
①What sets him apart from others ________ (be) not his appearance but his qualities. 使他与众不同的不是他的外表，而是他的品质。(人物介绍)
②His son is not applying himself to studying English but skipping classes, which makes him boil with anger. 他的儿子不用功学习英语，而是逃课，这使他非常生气。
is
③One simple act of kindness is a blessing for not only the receiver but also the giver. 一个小小的善行，不管对接受者还是施善者，都是一份祝福。(主旨升华)
④Not Tom’s sisters but Tom ________ (want) to go to a key university after graduating from high school.不是汤姆的姐妹而是汤姆高中毕业后想上一所重点大学。
wants
续写素材 场景练背
背多分3
——描述人物的“好奇、困惑”
形容词/副词 curious, puzzled, confused, curiously 名词 curiosity, puzzle, confusion
脸 ①a look of curiosity/confusion好奇/困惑的表情; ②one’s face eager with curiosity脸上满是好奇的渴望 声音 one’s voice be alive with curiosity声音里满是好奇
眼 ①eye curiously好奇地打量; ②gaze at/keep one’s eyes on ... with curiosity好奇地盯着……; ③raise one’s eyebrows扬眉; ④stare/look at sb/sth with curiosity好奇地看着某人/某物; ⑤curiosity sparkled/twinkled/shone in one’s eyes眼中闪烁着好奇的光芒
其他 ①curiosity gets the better of sb好奇心占了上风; ②out of curiosity出于好奇; ③burn with curiosity满是好奇; ④driven by curiosity受好奇心驱使; ⑤contain one’s curiosity/keep one’s curiosity in check抑制某人的好奇心; ⑥arouse/raise/satisfy one’s curiosity引起/满足某人的好奇心
用表“好奇、困惑”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵
微场景21 | “节日礼物”主题下的“好奇”
When presents began gathering under the tree, none matched the size and shape of a jewelry box that might contain a watch. However, one with my name on it did ①___________________________ (引起我的好奇心). Mama had wrapped it well with thick paper, and the few times I could steal to the back of the tree to check it out failed to give me any clues
raise/arouse my curiosity
about its identity. ②__________________ (我越发好奇，无灵主语句). Christmas seemed so far away. ③________________________________
____ (我最终还是按捺不住好奇心) and I opened the box and peeped inside.
My curiosity grew
My curiosity finally got the better of
me
微场景22 | “个人经历”主题下的“好奇、困惑”
She sat near the window and looked out, only to find a golden house shining in the morning sun. ④__________________ (她睁大眼睛，无灵主语句). Never had she seen such an amazing golden house before. Eventually, ⑤________________________________________ (好奇心促使她一跃而起，无灵主语句) and dash out. ⑥___________________
____________ (眼里闪烁着好奇，独立主格), she ran across the field until she reached the door of the house. She stopped at the door and stared
Her eyes widened
her curiosity drove her to leap to her feet
Curiosity twinkling in her eyes
at it with curiosity. ⑦__________________________________________
______ (她脸上满是困惑和好奇，无灵主语句).
Confusion and curiosity were written over her
face
