UNIT 4 HUMOUR
主题语境 文学艺术
背多分1 单元词汇 多维速记
写作词汇 1.imitate different accents模仿不同的口音 2.wait for a surgery等待外科手术 3.a funny clown on the stage舞台上一个滑稽的小丑 4.the moving plot in the film电影中感人的情节 5.a film producer电影制片人 6.with a good appetite胃口好 7.an experienced travel agent一位有经验的旅行代理人 8.my favourite comedian我最喜欢的喜剧演员 9.a universal language一种通用的语言 10.her clumsy gesture她的笨拙的姿势 11.wander casually in the street在街上漫不经心地徘徊 12.frightening facial expression令人惊恐的面部表情
阅读词汇 1.episode n. 一集 2.steak n. 牛排 3.log n. 大木头,原木;(事件的)正式记录 4.stutter n. 结巴,口吃 5.purse n. 女式手提包;女式钱包 6.vase n. 花瓶 7.circus n. 马戏团 8.galaxy n. 星系 9.antique n. 古董 10.doorway n. 门口,出入口 11.saucer n. 杯托 12.referee n. 裁判(员)
派生词形 1.facial adj.面部的,脸上的→face n.脸,面部,表面 v.面对,面临 2.anxiety n.焦虑,不安,担心→anxious adj.焦虑的,不安的→anxiously adv.忧虑地,不安地 3.significant adj.重大的,重要的→significantly adv.重大地,显著地,明显地→significance n.重要性,(意义)重大 4.enhance v.增强,改进,提高→enhancer n.强化剂,增加者→enhancement n.增加,放大 5.dizzy adj.头晕目眩的 笨的→dizzily adv.使人眼花地,头昏眼花地→dizziness n.头晕,头昏眼花 6.unbalanced adj.不平衡的→balanced adj.平衡的→balance n.平衡,天平,秤;余额 7.embarrassed adj.难堪的,尴尬的→embarrass v.使窘迫,使尴尬→embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的,使人难堪的→embarrassment n.困窘,尴尬 8.consume v.消耗,吃,消费→consumer n.消费者,用户,客户→consumption n.消费(量);消耗(量) 9.confused adj.困惑的→confuse v.使困惑,使糊涂→confusing adj.令人困惑的,令人混淆的→confusion n.混乱,杂乱 10.potential n.潜力,潜能 adj.潜在的,可能的→potentially adv.潜在地,可能地 11.casually adv.漫不经心地,非正式地→casual adj.漫不经心的,随便的,非正式的 12.innocently adv.装作若无其事地,无辜地→innocent adj.无罪的,无辜的,天真的→innocence n.无辜,单纯,无罪 13.faithful adj.忠诚的→faithfully adv.忠诚地,忠实地→faith n.信任,信仰,信念 14.scientific adj.科学(上)的→science n.科学→scientist n.科学家 15.forecast v.预测,预报→forecaster n.预报员 16.consultation n.就诊;咨询→consult v.请教,咨询,商量→consultant n.顾问,商议者,咨询者 17.announce v.宣布,宣告→announcer n.播音员,广播员→announcement n.通知,布告,声明 18.tension n.紧张,焦虑,焦急→tense adj.紧张的,焦急的 19.muscle n.肌肉→muscular adj.强健的 20.mood n.心情,情绪→moody adj.喜怒无常的,易怒的 21.energise v.使充满活力,使增强决心→energy n.精力,能量→energetic adj.有活力的,精力旺盛的 22.infection n.感染,传染→infect v.传染,染上→infectious adj.传染(性)的 23.accidentally adv.偶然地,意外地→accidental adj.意外的,偶然的→accident n.事故,偶然的事,意外的事 24.psychological adj.心理的,精神的→psychology n.心理学→psychologist n.心理学家 edian n.喜剧演员→comedy n.喜剧,喜剧片
派生词形 26.nationality n.国籍→nation n.国家,民族→national adj.国家的,民族的 27.amuse v.使开心,逗笑→amused adj.觉得好笑的,愉快的→amusing adj.好笑的,有趣的→amusement n.欢乐,娱乐,娱乐活动 28.astonished adj.吃惊的,惊讶的→astonish v.使吃惊,使惊骇→astonishing adj.惊人的,令人惊讶的→astonishment n.惊讶 29.creation n.创造物,作品→create v.创造,创作→creative adj.有创造力的,创造性的 30.academic adj.学术的→academy n.研究院,学院→academically adv.学术上,学业上 31.producer n.制作人,制片人,生产者→produce v.生产,制作,监制 n.农产品→product n.产品,制品 32.convinced adj.确信的,信服的→convince v.使确信,使信服→convincing adj.使人信服的,有说服力的 33.unfortunate adj.不幸的,倒霉的→unfortunately adv.不幸地→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地 34.demand v.要求→demanding adj.要求高的,费力的 35.criticise v.批评,指责→criticism n.批评,指责,批判→critical adj.批判的 36.politician n.政治家→politics n.政治,政治活动→political adj.政治的,政治上的 37.measurement n.测量,计量,衡量→measure v.估量,衡量 打量;调节
重点短语 动词短语 1.take place 发生 2.be criticised for 因……受到批评 3.end up doing sth 以做某事而告终 4.make sense 有意义,讲得通 5.protect ... from/against ... 保护……免受…… 6.be likely to do sth 很可能做某事 7.benefit from 从……中受益 8.hand over 交出,移交 9.look up 抬头,抬起 10.feel down 心情低落,感到闷闷不乐 11.go wrong 出毛病,弄错 12.decide to do sth 决定做某事 13.call in 召来,召集 14.go on a trip 旅行 15.interact with sb 与某人交往 16.pretend to be ... 假装是…… 17.be able to do sth 能做某事 18.laugh at 嘲笑 19.be terrified of 害怕…… 20.carry on 继续 21.add ... to ... 把……加到……上 22.take out 拿出,掏出 23.make an attempt 尝试,企图 介词短语和其他 24.out of trouble 摆脱麻烦 25.in a bad mood 心情不好 26.all the time 一直 27.at the age of 在……岁时 28.in defence 保护,防护 29.from time to time 不时地,有时 30.in the end 最终,最后 31.on one’s own 独立地,独自地 32.for sale 出售,待售 33.at sb’s expense 由某人出钱 34.aside from 除……之外 35.cross talk 相声 36.over and over again 反反复复 37.a series of 一系列,一连串 38.nothing like 完全不像
背多分2 单元重点 语境背记
significant adj. 重大的;重要的→significance n. 重要性;意义
背重点 背写作佳句
1)be significant for对……是重要的 It is significant that ...很明显…… 2)be of (great/no/little) significance to ...对……(很/不)重要 attach (great) significance to (doing) sth认为(做)某事(很)重要 ①We must be aware that ocean conservation is of vital ________ (significant).我们必须意识到海洋保护至关重要。(2022·全国甲卷倡议书) ②It is significant that the greatest gift of life is friendship.很明显,生命中最珍贵的礼物是友谊。(主旨升华) ③Being a volunteer for the Beijing Winter Olympics has a profound and significant influence on my life.做一名北京冬奥会志愿者对我的人生产生了深远而重要的影响。
embarrassed adj. 难堪的,尴尬的→embarrass v. 使窘迫,使尴尬→embarrassing adj. 使人害羞的(或难堪的、惭愧的)→embarrassment n. 窘迫;愧疚;难堪
背重点 背写作佳句
1)be embarrassed at/about因……感到尴尬 2)to one’s embarrassment使某人尴尬的是 with/in embarrassment尴尬地 ①After several fruitless attempts, I felt ________ (embarrass), in pain, and most of all, defeated. 在几次徒劳的尝试之后,我感到尴尬、痛苦,尤其是挫败感。(心理描写) ②What made me embarrassed was that no one responded to my question.让我尴尬的是没有人对我的问题作出回应。 ③“It’s rather embarrassing,”he began, and paused.“非常令人难堪,”他开口道,然后停顿了一下。(语言+动作描写)
confused adj. 困惑的→confuse vt. (confused, confused, confusing) 混淆;使迷惑;使更难于理解
背重点 背写作佳句
1)be/get confused with/about对……感到困惑 2)confuse A with/and B把A和B混淆 ①Surprised and stunned, they showered us with tons of ________ (confuse) questions.他们感到惊讶和震惊,向我们抛出了大量令人困惑的问题。 ②I thought my pronunciation was the problem, so I explained again more slowly, but he still looked ________ (confuse).我想是我的发音出了问题,所以我又更慢地解释了一遍,但他仍然看起来很困惑。(2024·新课标卷读后续写) ③We always left his office in a state of confusion. 我们总是一头雾水地离开他的办公室。
deserve vt. (deserved, deserved, deserving) 值得;应得;应受到
背重点 背写作佳句
deserve to do sth应该做某事 deserve to be done/doing……值得被…… deserve consideration/attention/a rest值得考虑/注意/应该休息 ①Blushing with embarrassment, she said she didn’t deserve the award.她尴尬得脸都红了,说她不配得到这个奖项。(神态描写) ②We deserved ________ (win) the competition with our joint efforts rather than with the help of luck.我们应该通过我们的共同努力而不是运气来赢得比赛。(主旨升华)
mood n. 情绪;心情;语气
背重点 背写作佳句
in a good/bad mood心情好/不好 a confident/optimistic/relaxed mood自信/乐观/放松的情绪 put sb in/into a better mood使某人心情更好 be/feel in the/no mood for ...有/没有……的心情 be/feel in the/no mood to do sth有/没有做某事的心情 ①Depressed, she felt in no mood ________ (do) anything but weep in her room.她很沮丧,除了在房间里哭泣,什么也不想做。(情感描写) ②Birds were singing, the air was filled with laughter, and everyone was in the best of moods.鸟儿在歌唱,空气中满是欢声笑语,人人心情愉悦。(情感描写)
whisper vi.& vt. (whispered, whispered, whispering) 悄声说;耳语;低语 n. 耳语(声);低语(声);传言;谣传
背重点 背写作佳句
1)whisper sth to sb向某人低声说某事 whisper to sb that ...轻声对某人说…… whisper about sth嘀咕/密谈某事 It is whispered that ...私下说……;秘密告诉…… 2)in a whisper/whispers低声地;耳语地 ①He drew me aside and imparted the news to me ________ a whisper.他把我带到一旁,小声地告诉我这个消息。(动作描写) ②He whispered to me that he had an appointment with Mary tonight.他低声对我说他今晚和玛丽有个约会。(动作描写) ③She leaned over and whispered something in his ear.她探过身去附耳跟他说了些什么。(动作描写)
expense n. 费用,花费
背重点 背写作佳句
at sb’s/sth’s expense由某人(物)付费/负担费用 at the expense of以……为代价 spare no expense不惜一切代价 living/household expense生活费用/家庭开支 put sb to the expense of (doing) sth使某人花钱(于……) ①When you’re focusing on one thing, sometimes that comes ________ the expense of others.当你全身心扑在一件事情上时,有时会以牺牲其他事情为代价。 ②To her shock and excitement, he’s arranged everything, no expense spared.令她震惊且激动的是,他不惜代价把一切安排得井井有条。(情感描写)
amuse vt. (amused, amused, amusing) 使开心,逗笑→amusing adj. 好笑的,有趣的→amused adj. 觉得好笑的;愉快的
背重点 背写作佳句
1)amuse sb/oneself with sth以某事/某物逗乐某人/自己 2)be amused at/by/with sth以某事为乐 3)(much) to one’s amusement令某人(非常)高兴的是 in/with amusement愉快地 ①To my ____________ (amuse), the baby was ________ (amuse) himself with his own feet.让我感到好笑的是,这个宝宝正玩着自己的脚丫自娱自乐。 ②Amused by his amusing story, all of us burst into laughter.我们被他那有趣的故事逗乐了,都大笑起来。(神态描写) ③I reluctantly shook my head, sighed deeply, but meanwhile got slightly ________ (amuse) by this familiar ridiculousness.我不情愿地摇头,深叹一口气,但是同时心里对这熟悉的荒唐事还觉得有些好笑。(情感描写)
rely vi. (relied, relied, relying) 依赖;依靠;信赖
背重点 背写作佳句
1)rely on sb/sth for sth依靠某人/某物得到某物 rely on sb/sth to do sth指望/相信某人会做某事 rely on (doing) ...依赖/信任/指望…… rely on it that ...相信……;指望…… 2)depend on/count on依靠;依赖 ①You can rely on ________ that my introduction and efforts can deepen visitors’understanding of traditional Chinese culture.你可以相信我的介绍和努力会加深参观者对中国传统文化的了解。(自荐信) ②For instance, almost all animals have distinct vocals that they rely on to either ask for help, scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter.例如,几乎所有的动物都有独特的声音,它们依靠这些声音来寻求帮助,吓跑危险的动物或寻找庇护。(2024·全国甲卷)
astonished adj. 吃惊的;惊讶的→astonish vt. (astonished, astonished, astonishing) 使十分惊讶;使吃惊
背重点 背写作佳句
1)It astonishes sb that ...令某人惊讶的是…… What astonishes sb is ...使某人惊讶的是…… 2)be astonished at/by sth因/对某事感到惊讶 be astonished to see/find/hear/learn ...惊讶地看见/发现/听到/得知…… 3)in astonishment吃惊地 to one’s astonishment令某人惊讶的是 4)It is astonishing that ...……令人惊讶 ①He was too astonished to speak or even to think.他惊讶得说不出话来,甚至脑子都不灵了。(情感描写) ②At the astonishing news, Mary froze with ________ (astonish), as if rooted to the ground.听到这个令人吃惊的消息,玛丽惊得呆住了,动弹不得。(情感描写) ③In dumb astonishment, the teacher, putting down his book, looked at the boy.老师惊讶得说不出话来,他放下书,看着那个男孩。(情感+动作描写)
contrary n. 正相反,恰恰相反
背重点 背写作佳句
be contrary to与……相反 on the contrary与此相反;正相反 to the contrary相反地 be the contrary of与……相反 quite the contrary正相反 ①________ the contrary, disappointed by his behaviour, I told all this to my best friend.正相反,我对他的行为感到失望,便把这一切都告诉了我最好的朋友。 ②The weather was quite contrary to my expectations, and it was really freezing.天气和我预料的完全相反,真的很冷。(环境描写) ③I’ll come next month, unless you write ________ the contrary.我下个月来,除非你写信叫我不要来。
短语1call in 召集,召来
背重点 背写作佳句
call for要求;需要 call on号召;拜访某人 call off取消 call up打电话;使回忆起 call back召回;回电话 call in on sb顺便拜访某人 call at拜访(某地) ①She wondered whether to ________________ Mark on the way home.她不知道回家的路上是否该去看马克。 ②Becoming a successful painter calls ________ being resolute. I realised I was always afraid of wanting too much.成为一名成功的画家需要有决心。我意识到我总是害怕想要的太多。(2024·北京卷) ③Don’t let anything call ________ your attention from your studies.不要让别的事转移你在学习上的注意力。
短语2let alone 更别提,更不用说
背重点 背写作佳句
let out放出;泄露 let it be随它去 let down使失望;辜负 let sb go放开/释放某人 let go (of sb/sth)放开,松手 ①You have the power to let go of negative beliefs about yourself and the power to create positive beliefs that will empower you rather than hinder you.你有能力赶走关于你自己的消极想法,并创造一些积极的信念,让它们赋予你力量,而不是阻碍你前进。 ②All the different hallways and rooms were too much to think about, let ________ commit to memory.所有不同的走廊和房间都让人难以想象,更不用说记忆了。(2024·浙江1月卷读后续写) ③He let ________ a long sigh, mainly of relief, partly of sadness.他长叹一口气,主要是因为如释重负,也有一部分是因为伤心。(心理描写)
句式1be doing sth when 正在做某事,这时(突然)……
A famous art collector was walking through the city when he noticed a dirty cat lapping milk from a saucer in the doorway of a store. 一位著名的艺术品收藏家在穿过城市时看见一只脏猫在一个商店门口舔饮浅碟中的牛奶。
背重点 背写作佳句
①I was on my way to the bookstore, waiting for the green light at the crossing, when a girl about ten years old was knocked down by a passing car. 我正在去书店的路上,在路口等绿灯,这时一个大约十岁的女孩被一辆路过的车撞倒了。 ②Jim suddenly called out,“Hey! There’s a deer in here!”I was about to pat it when Jim said,“The deer must have been injured somewhere, or it couldn’t be lying here.”吉姆突然喊道:“嘿!这里有一只鹿!”我正要拍它,这时吉姆说:“那只鹿一定是什么地方受伤了,否则它不可能躺在这里。”(动作+语言描写)
句式2as if/though 引导的从句
After a moment, he looks back at the envelope but this time he looks surprised, as if he did not know it was there. 过了一会儿,他再看那个信封,但这次他露出了惊讶的表情,好像完全不知道它在那里。
背重点 背写作佳句
1)如果从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的,从句谓语用陈述语气 2)如果从句表示的情况是不真实的或极不可能发生的,从句谓语用虚拟语气 与现在事实相反:did/were 与过去事实相反:had done 与将来事实相反:would/could ...+do 3)如果as if/though引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同,且含有be动词,可省略从句主语和be动词 ①He throws his arms and legs out as if he were flying, his eyes wide with excitement.他伸展四肢,好像在飞,他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。(动作+情感描写) ②I simply stood there dumbfounded, and my feet, as if rooted to the ground, couldn’t move a bit.我只是目瞪口呆地站在那里,我的脚就像扎根在地上一样,一动也不能动。(2023·新课标卷读后续写动作描写) ③It was dark in the wood and it seemed as if there ________ (be) a fierce beast behind every bush. So terrified was she that she collapsed and screamed like crazy.树林里很黑,似乎每一簇灌木丛后面都有一头凶猛的野兽。她吓得瘫倒在地,疯狂地尖叫起来。(动作+心理描写)
句式3否定转移
You’ll never believe what happened to me, Jia Lan—I don’t think I’ll ever live it down. 你永远不会相信我的遭遇,贾兰——我想我永远也不会挽回自己的面子了。
背重点 背写作佳句
当I/we think/believe/expect ...后面接一个具有否定意义的由that引导的宾语从句时,通常把否定词转移到主句,而宾语从句谓语动词用肯定式。 否定转移的三个条件: 1)主语是第一人称I或we 2)主句的谓语为一般现在时 3)能用于否定转移的动词:think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect等 ①I don’t think it is easy to introduce myself to others.我认为向别人作自我介绍是件不容易的事情。 ②I don’t think it’s a good idea.我认为这不是一个好主意。 ③I don’t believe I will be bored in Miss Shen’s class.我认为上沈老师的课我不会厌烦。
背多分3 续写素材 场景练背
——动作描写之eye “眼部”动作
动词+eyes ①meet sb’s eyes迎上某人的目光; ②stare into one’s eyes凝视某人的眼睛; ③set eyes on注意到; ④fix/focus one’s eyes on盯着; ⑤lower/drop one’s eyes垂下眼睛; ⑥raise/lift one’s eyes抬起眼睛; ⑦tear one’s eyes away from恋恋不舍地把目光从……挪开; ⑧narrow one’s eyes眯起眼睛; ⑨turn one’s eyes to转向; ⑩shut one’s eyes闭上眼睛; squeeze one’s eyes shut紧闭双眼; roll one’s eyes翻白眼
动词+an (the) eye ①keep an eye on注视; ②look sb in the eye直视某人的眼睛; ③cast/run an eye over用眼光瞥/扫
eyes+动词 ①one’s eyes shine/sparkle/glisten/twinkle with excitement眼里闪着兴奋的光芒; ②one’s eyes fall/settle on ...目光落在……; ③one’s eyes dance with amusement眼中洋溢着愉悦
泪眼 ①watery eyes泪眼汪汪; ②one’s eyes misted (over)/blurred/clouded with tears泪眼模糊;③tears blurred/misted one’s eyes泪眼模糊;④one’s eyes be full of/filled with tears (of+情感)眼里满是……的眼泪
用表“眼部”动作的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵
微场景25 | “亲情”主题下的“眼部”动作
The Potters smiled and waved at Harry and he ①__________________________________ (如饥似渴地回视着他们), his hands pressed flat against the glass as though he was hoping to fall right through it and reach them. He had a powerful kind of ache inside him, half joy, half terrible sadness. How long he stood there, he didn’t know. The reflections did not fade and he looked and looked until a distant noise brought him back to his senses. He couldn’t stay here; he had to find his way back to bed. ②____________________________________________ (他恋恋不舍地把目光从母亲脸上挪开), whispered, “I’ll come back,” and hurried from the room.
微场景26 | “友情”主题下的“眼部”动作
Having failed one of the most significant exams, I buried my face into my hands, ③______________________________ (我的眼里噙满了泪水,独立主格). A few moments later, ④______________________________________________________ (我擦了擦眼泪,抬起眼睛,盯着天花板,动作链描写), tears welling up in my eyes. Faced with such a cruel fact, it seemed as if my world had collapsed. I was in such a bad mood that I had a long face all day long. Nothing could cheer me up. Worried and anxious, my best friend gently patted me on the shoulder and ⑤______________________ (盯着我的眼睛), constantly comforting me with witty and humorous words. Finally, I cracked a smile and ⑥______________________________ (眼里闪烁着希望的光芒).
UNIT 4 HUMOUR
背多分2
1.①significance 2.①embarrassed
3.①confusing ②confused 4.②to win
5.①to do 6.①in 7.①at 8.①amusement； amusing ③amused 9.①it
10.②astonishment 11.①On ③to
12.①call in on ②for ③off
13.②alone ③out 15.③were
背多分3
①stared hungrily back at them ②He tore his eyes away from his mother’s face
③my eyes brimming/filled with tears ④I wiped my tears, lifted my eyes and focused my eyes on the ceiling ⑤stared into my eyes ⑥my eyes sparkled with hope(共63张PPT)
选择性必修 第二册
UNIT 4 HUMOUR
主题语境 文学艺术
单元词汇 多维速记
背多分1
1.imitate different accents 模仿不同的口音
2.wait for a surgery 等待外科手术
3.a funny clown on the stage 舞台上一个滑稽的小丑
4.the moving plot in the film 电影中感人的情节
5.a film producer 电影制片人
6.with a good appetite 胃口好
7.an experienced travel agent 一位有经验的旅行代理人
8.my favourite comedian 我最喜欢的喜剧演员
9.a universal language 一种通用的语言
10.her clumsy gesture 她的笨拙的姿势
11.wander casually in the street 在街上漫不经心地徘徊
12.frightening facial expression 令人惊恐的面部表情
1.episode n. 一集
2.steak n. 牛排
3.log n. 大木头，原木；(事件的)正式记录
4.stutter n. 结巴，口吃
5.purse n. 女式手提包；女式钱包
6.vase n. 花瓶
7.circus n. 马戏团
8.galaxy n. 星系
9.antique n. 古董
10.doorway n. 门口，出入口
11.saucer n. 杯托
12.referee n. 裁判(员)
1.facial adj. 面部的，脸上的→face n. 脸，面部，表面 v. 面对,面临
2.anxiety n. 焦虑，不安，担心→anxious adj. 焦虑的，不安的→anxiously adv. 忧虑地，不安地
3.significant adj. 重大的，重要的→significantly adv. 重大地，显著地，明显地→significance n. 重要性，(意义)重大
4.enhance v. 增强，改进，提高→enhancer n. 强化剂，增加者→enhancement n. 增加，放大
8.consume v. 消耗，吃，消费→consumer n. 消费者，用户，客户→consumption n. 消费(量)；消耗(量)
9.confused adj. 困惑的→confuse v. 使困惑，使糊涂→confusing adj. 令人困惑的，令人混淆的→confusion n. 混乱，杂乱
10.potential n. 潜力，潜能 adj. 潜在的，可能的→potentially adv. 潜在地，可能地
11.casually adv. 漫不经心地，非正式地→casual adj. 漫不经心的,随便的，非正式的
12.innocently adv. 装作若无其事地，无辜地→innocent adj. 无罪的，无辜的，天真的→innocence n. 无辜，单纯，无罪
13.faithful adj. 忠诚的→faithfully adv. 忠诚地，忠实地→faith n. 信任，信仰，信念
14.scientific adj. 科学(上)的→science n. 科学→scientist n. 科学家
15.forecast v. 预测，预报→forecaster n. 预报员
16.consultation n. 就诊；咨询→consult v. 请教，咨询，商量→consultant n. 顾问，商议者，咨询者
17.announce v. 宣布，宣告→announcer n. 播音员，广播员→announcement n. 通知，布告，声明
18.tension n. 紧张，焦虑，焦急→tense adj. 紧张的，焦急的
19.muscle n. 肌肉→muscular adj. 强健的
20.mood n. 心情，情绪→moody adj. 喜怒无常的，易怒的
21.energise v. 使充满活力，使增强决心→energy n. 精力，能量→energetic adj. 有活力的，精力旺盛的
22.infection n. 感染，传染→infect v. 传染，染上→infectious adj. 传染(性)的
23.accidentally adv. 偶然地，意外地→accidental adj. 意外的，偶然的→accident n. 事故，偶然的事，意外的事
24.psychological adj. 心理的，精神的→psychology n. 心理学→psychologist n. 心理学家
edian n. 喜剧演员→comedy n. 喜剧，喜剧片
26.nationality n. 国籍→nation n. 国家，民族→national adj. 国家的，民族的
27.amuse v. 使开心，逗笑→amused adj. 觉得好笑的，愉快的→amusing adj. 好笑的，有趣的→amusement n. 欢乐，娱乐，娱乐活动
28.astonished adj. 吃惊的，惊讶的→astonish v. 使吃惊，使惊骇→astonishing adj. 惊人的，令人惊讶的→astonishment n. 惊讶
29.creation n. 创造物，作品→create v. 创造，创作→creative adj. 有创造力的，创造性的
30.academic adj. 学术的→academy n. 研究院，学院→academically adv. 学术上，学业上
31.producer n. 制作人，制片人，生产者→produce v. 生产,制作,监制 n. 农产品→product n. 产品，制品
32.convinced adj. 确信的，信服的→convince v. 使确信，使信服→convincing adj. 使人信服的，有说服力的
33.unfortunate adj. 不幸的，倒霉的→unfortunately adv. 不幸地→fortunate adj. 幸运的→fortunately adv. 幸运地
34.demand v. 要求→demanding adj. 要求高的，费力的
35.criticise v. 批评，指责→criticism n. 批评，指责，批判→critical adj. 批判的
动词短语
1.take place 发生
2.be criticised for 因……受到批评
3.end up doing sth 以做某事而告终
4.make sense 有意义，讲得通
5.protect ... from/against ... 保护……免受……
6.be likely to do sth 很可能做某事
7.benefit from 从……中受益
8.hand over 交出，移交
9.look up 抬头，抬起
10.feel down 心情低落，感到闷闷不乐
11.go wrong 出毛病，弄错
12.decide to do sth 决定做某事
13.call in 召来，召集
14.go on a trip 旅行
15.interact with sb 与某人交往
16.pretend to be ... 假装是……
17.be able to do sth 能做某事
18.laugh at 嘲笑
19.be terrified of 害怕……
20.carry on 继续
21.add ... to ... 把……加到……上
22.take out 拿出，掏出
23.make an attempt 尝试，企图
介词短语和其他
24.out of trouble 摆脱麻烦
25.in a bad mood 心情不好
26.all the time 一直
27.at the age of 在……岁时
28.in defence 保护，防护
29.from time to time 不时地，有时
30.in the end 最终，最后
31.on one’s own 独立地，独自地
32.for sale 出售，待售
33.at sb’s expense 由某人出钱
34.aside from 除……之外
35.cross talk 相声
36.over and over again 反反复复
37.a series of 一系列，一连串
38.nothing like 完全不像
单元重点 语境背记
背多分2
1.significant adj. 重大的；重要的→significance n. 重要性；意义
背重点
1)be significant for 对……是重要的
It is significant that ... 很明显……
2)be of (great/no/little) significance to ... 对……(很/不)重要
attach (great) significance to (doing) sth 认为(做)某事(很)重要
背写作佳句
①We must be aware that ocean conservation is of vital ____________ (significant). 我们必须意识到海洋保护至关重要。(2022·全国甲卷倡议书)
②It is significant that the greatest gift of life is friendship. 很明显，生命中最珍贵的礼物是友谊。(主旨升华)
③Being a volunteer for the Beijing Winter Olympics has a profound and significant influence on my life. 做一名北京冬奥会志愿者对我的人生产生了深远而重要的影响。
significance
2.embarrassed adj. 难堪的，尴尬的→embarrass v. 使窘迫，使尴尬→embarrassing adj. 使人害羞的(或难堪的、惭愧的)→
embarrassment n. 窘迫；愧疚；难堪
背重点
1)be embarrassed at/about 因……感到尴尬
2)to one’s embarrassment 使某人尴尬的是
with/in embarrassment 尴尬地
背写作佳句
①After several fruitless attempts, I felt ______________ (embarrass), in pain, and most of all, defeated. 在几次徒劳的尝试之后,我感到尴尬、痛苦，尤其是挫败感。(心理描写)
②What made me embarrassed was that no one responded to my question. 让我尴尬的是没有人对我的问题作出回应。
③“It’s rather embarrassing，” he began, and paused. “非常令人难堪，”他开口道，然后停顿了一下。(语言+动作描写)
embarrassed
3.confused adj. 困惑的→confuse vt. (confused, confused, confusing) 混淆；使迷惑；使更难于理解
背重点
1)be/get confused with/about 对……感到困惑
2)confuse A with/and B 把A和B混淆
背写作佳句
①Surprised and stunned, they showered us with tons of ___________ (confuse) questions. 他们感到惊讶和震惊，向我们抛出了大量令人困惑的问题。
confusing
②I thought my pronunciation was the problem, so I explained again more slowly, but he still looked __________ (confuse). 我想是我的发音出了问题，所以我又更慢地解释了一遍，但他仍然看起来很困惑。(2024·新课标卷读后续写)
③We always left his office in a state of confusion. 我们总是一头雾水地离开他的办公室。
confused
4.deserve vt. (deserved, deserved, deserving) 值得；应得；应受到
背重点
deserve to do sth 应该做某事
deserve to be done/doing ……值得被……
deserve consideration/attention/a rest 值得考虑/注意/应该休息
背写作佳句
①Blushing with embarrassment, she said she didn’t deserve the award. 她尴尬得脸都红了，说她不配得到这个奖项。(神态描写)
②We deserved ________ (win) the competition with our joint efforts rather than with the help of luck.我们应该通过我们的共同努力而不是运气来赢得比赛。(主旨升华)
to win
5.mood n. 情绪；心情；语气
背重点
in a good/bad mood 心情好/不好
a confident/optimistic/relaxed mood 自信/乐观/放松的情绪
put sb in/into a better mood 使某人心情更好
be/feel in the/no mood for ... 有/没有……的心情
be/feel in the/no mood to do sth 有/没有做某事的心情
背写作佳句
①Depressed, she felt in no mood ________ (do) anything but weep in her room.她很沮丧，除了在房间里哭泣，什么也不想做。(情感描写)
②Birds were singing, the air was filled with laughter, and everyone was in the best of moods.鸟儿在歌唱，空气中满是欢声笑语，人人心情愉悦。(情感描写)
to do
6.whisper vi.& vt. (whispered, whispered, whispering) 悄声说；耳语;低语 n. 耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传
背重点
1)whisper sth to sb 向某人低声说某事
whisper to sb that ... 轻声对某人说……
whisper about sth 嘀咕/密谈某事
It is whispered that ... 私下说……；秘密告诉……
2)in a whisper/whispers 低声地；耳语地
背写作佳句
①He drew me aside and imparted the news to me ________ a whisper. 他把我带到一旁，小声地告诉我这个消息。(动作描写)
②He whispered to me that he had an appointment with Mary tonight. 他低声对我说他今晚和玛丽有个约会。(动作描写)
③She leaned over and whispered something in his ear.她探过身去附耳跟他说了些什么。(动作描写)
in
7.expense n. 费用，花费
背重点
at sb’s/sth’s expense 由某人(物)付费/负担费用
at the expense of 以……为代价
spare no expense 不惜一切代价
living/household expense 生活费用/家庭开支
put sb to the expense of (doing) sth 使某人花钱(于……)
背写作佳句
①When you’re focusing on one thing, sometimes that comes ________ the expense of others.当你全身心扑在一件事情上时，有时会以牺牲其他事情为代价。
②To her shock and excitement, he’s arranged everything, no expense spared. 令她震惊且激动的是，他不惜代价把一切安排得井井有条。 (情感描写)
at
8.amuse vt. (amused, amused, amusing) 使开心，逗笑→amusing adj. 好笑的，有趣的→amused adj. 觉得好笑的；愉快的
背重点
1)amuse sb/oneself with sth 以某事/某物逗乐某人/自己
2)be amused at/by/with sth 以某事为乐
3)(much) to one’s amusement 令某人(非常)高兴的是
in/with amusement 愉快地
背写作佳句
①To my ____________ (amuse), the baby was __________ (amuse) himself with his own feet.让我感到好笑的是，这个宝宝正玩着自己的脚丫自娱自乐。
②Amused by his amusing story, all of us burst into laughter.我们被他那有趣的故事逗乐了，都大笑起来。(神态描写)
③I reluctantly shook my head, sighed deeply, but meanwhile got slightly ________ (amuse) by this familiar ridiculousness. 我不情愿地摇头，深叹一口气，但是同时心里对这熟悉的荒唐事还觉得有些好笑。(情感描写)
amusement
amusing
amused
9.rely vi. (relied, relied, relying) 依赖；依靠；信赖
背重点
1)rely on sb/sth for sth 依靠某人/某物得到某物
rely on sb/sth to do sth 指望/相信某人会做某事
rely on (doing) ... 依赖/信任/指望……
rely on it that ... 相信……；指望……
2)depend on/count on 依靠；依赖
背写作佳句
①You can rely on ________ that my introduction and efforts can deepen visitors’ understanding of traditional Chinese culture. 你可以相信我的介绍和努力会加深参观者对中国传统文化的了解。(自荐信)
②For instance, almost all animals have distinct vocals that they rely on to either ask for help, scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter.例如，几乎所有的动物都有独特的声音，它们依靠这些声音来寻求帮助，吓跑危险的动物或寻找庇护。(2024·全国甲卷)
it
10.astonished adj. 吃惊的；惊讶的→astonish vt. (astonished, astonished, astonishing) 使十分惊讶；使吃惊
背重点
1)It astonishes sb that ... 令某人惊讶的是……
What astonishes sb is ... 使某人惊讶的是……
2)be astonished at/by sth 因/对某事感到惊讶
be astonished to see/find/hear/learn ... 惊讶地看见/发现/听到/得知……
3)in astonishment 吃惊地
to one’s astonishment 令某人惊讶的是
4)It is astonishing that ... ……令人惊讶
背写作佳句
①He was too astonished to speak or even to think.他惊讶得说不出话
来，甚至脑子都不灵了。(情感描写)
②At the astonishing news, Mary froze with ______________ (astonish), as if rooted to the ground. 听到这个令人吃惊的消息，玛丽惊得呆住了,动弹不得。(情感描写)
③In dumb astonishment, the teacher, putting down his book, looked at the boy. 老师惊讶得说不出话来，他放下书，看着那个男孩。 (情感+动作描写)
astonishment
11.contrary n. 正相反，恰恰相反
背重点
be contrary to 与……相反
on the contrary 与此相反；正相反
to the contrary 相反地
be the contrary of 与……相反
quite the contrary 正相反
背写作佳句
①________ the contrary, disappointed by his behaviour, I told all this to my best friend. 正相反，我对他的行为感到失望，便把这一切都告诉了我最好的朋友。
②The weather was quite contrary to my expectations, and it was really freezing. 天气和我预料的完全相反，真的很冷。(环境描写)
③I’ll come next month, unless you write ________ the contrary. 我下个月来，除非你写信叫我不要来。
On
to
12.短语1 call in 召集，召来
背重点
call for 要求；需要
call on 号召；拜访某人
call off 取消
call up 打电话；使回忆起
call back 召回；回电话
call in on sb 顺便拜访某人
call at 拜访(某地)
背写作佳句
①She wondered whether to ________________ Mark on the way home. 她不知道回家的路上是否该去看马克。
②Becoming a successful painter calls ________ being resolute. I realised I was always afraid of wanting too much. 成为一名成功的画家需要有决心。我意识到我总是害怕想要的太多。(2024·北京卷)
③Don’t let anything call ________ your attention from your studies. 不要让别的事转移你在学习上的注意力。
call in on
for
off
13.短语2 let alone 更别提，更不用说
背重点
let out 放出；泄露
let it be 随它去
let down 使失望；辜负
let sb go 放开/释放某人
let go (of sb/sth) 放开，松手
背写作佳句
①You have the power to let go of negative beliefs about yourself and the power to create positive beliefs that will empower you rather than hinder you. 你有能力赶走关于你自己的消极想法，并创造一些积极的信念,让它们赋予你力量，而不是阻碍你前进。
②All the different hallways and rooms were too much to think about, let ________ commit to memory. 所有不同的走廊和房间都让人难以想象,更不用说记忆了。(2024·浙江1月卷读后续写)
③He let ________ a long sigh, mainly of relief, partly of sadness. 他长叹一口气，主要是因为如释重负，也有一部分是因为伤心。(心理描写)
alone
out
14.句式1 be doing sth when 正在做某事，这时(突然)……
A famous art collector was walking through the city when he noticed a dirty cat lapping milk from a saucer in the doorway of a store. 一位著名的艺术品收藏家在穿过城市时看见一只脏猫在一个商店门口舔饮浅碟中的牛奶。
背重点
背写作佳句
①I was on my way to the bookstore, waiting for the green light at the crossing, when a girl about ten years old was knocked down by a passing car. 我正在去书店的路上，在路口等绿灯，这时一个大约十岁的女孩被一辆路过的车撞倒了。
②Jim suddenly called out，“Hey! There’s a deer in here!”I was about to pat it when Jim said, “The deer must have been injured somewhere, or it couldn’t be lying here.” 吉姆突然喊道：“嘿!这里有一只鹿!”我正要拍它，这时吉姆说：“那只鹿一定是什么地方受伤了，否则它不可能躺在这里。”(动作+语言描写)
15.句式2 as if/though 引导的从句
After a moment, he looks back at the envelope but this time he looks surprised, as if he did not know it was there. 过了一会儿，他再看那个信封，但这次他露出了惊讶的表情，好像完全不知道它在那里。
背重点
1)如果从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的，从句谓语用陈述语气
2)如果从句表示的情况是不真实的或极不可能发生的，从句谓语用虚拟语气
与现在事实相反：did/were
与过去事实相反：had done
与将来事实相反：would/could ...+do
3)如果as if/though引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同，且含有be动词，可省略从句主语和be动词
背写作佳句
①He throws his arms and legs out as if he were flying, his eyes wide with excitement. 他伸展四肢，好像在飞，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。 (动作+情感描写)
②I simply stood there dumbfounded, and my feet, as if rooted to the ground, couldn’t move a bit. 我只是目瞪口呆地站在那里，我的脚就像扎根在地上一样，一动也不能动。(2023·新课标卷读后续写动作描写)
③It was dark in the wood and it seemed as if there ________ (be) a fierce beast behind every bush. So terrified was she that she collapsed and screamed like crazy. 树林里很黑，似乎每一簇灌木丛后面都有一头凶猛的野兽。她吓得瘫倒在地，疯狂地尖叫起来。(动作+心理描写)
were
16.句式3 否定转移
You’ll never believe what happened to me, Jia Lan—I don’t think I’ll ever live it down. 你永远不会相信我的遭遇，贾兰——我想我永远也不会挽回自己的面子了。
背重点
当I/we think/believe/expect ... 后面接一个具有否定意义的由that引导的宾语从句时，通常把否定词转移到主句，而宾语从句谓语动词用肯定式。
否定转移的三个条件：
1)主语是第一人称I或we
2)主句的谓语为一般现在时
3)能用于否定转移的动词：think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect等
背写作佳句
①I don’t think it is easy to introduce myself to others. 我认为向别人作自我介绍是件不容易的事情。
②I don’t think it’s a good idea. 我认为这不是一个好主意。
③I don’t believe I will be bored in Miss Shen’s class. 我认为上沈老师的课我不会厌烦。
续写素材 场景练背
背多分3
——动作描写之eye “眼部”动作
动词+eyes ①meet sb’s eyes迎上某人的目光; ②stare into one’s eyes凝视某人的眼睛; ③set eyes on注意到; ④fix/focus one’s eyes on盯着;
⑤lower/drop one’s eyes垂下眼睛; ⑥raise/lift one’s eyes抬起眼睛; ⑦tear one’s eyes away from恋恋不舍地把目光从……挪开;
⑧narrow one’s eyes眯起眼睛; ⑨turn one’s eyes to转向; ⑩shut one’s eyes闭上眼睛; squeeze one’s eyes shut紧闭双眼; roll one’s eyes翻白眼
动词+an (the) eye ①keep an eye on注视; ②look sb in the eye直视某人的眼睛;
③cast/run an eye over用眼光瞥/扫
eyes+动词 ①one’s eyes shine/sparkle/glisten/twinkle with excitement眼里闪着兴奋的光芒; ②one’s eyes fall/settle on ...目光落在……;
③one’s eyes dance with amusement眼中洋溢着愉悦
泪眼 ①watery eyes泪眼汪汪; ②one’s eyes misted (over)/blurred/
clouded with tears泪眼模糊；③tears blurred/misted one’s eyes泪眼模糊；④one’s eyes be full of/filled with tears (of+情感)眼里满是……的眼泪
用表“眼部”动作的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵
微场景25 | “亲情”主题下的“眼部”动作
The Potters smiled and waved at Harry and he ①____________________
________ (如饥似渴地回视着他们), his hands pressed flat against the glass as though he was hoping to fall right through it and reach them. He had a powerful kind of ache inside him, half joy, half terrible sadness. How long he stood there, he didn’t know. The reflections did not fade and he looked and looked until a distant noise brought him back to his senses.
stared hungrily back
at them
He couldn’t stay here; he had to find his way back to bed. ②___________
_________________________________ (他恋恋不舍地把目光从母亲脸上挪开), whispered, “I’ll come back，” and hurried from the room.
He tore his
eyes away from his mother’s face
微场景26 | “友情”主题下的“眼部”动作
Having failed one of the most significant exams, I buried my face into my hands, ③________________________________ (我的眼里噙满了泪水,独立主格). A few moments later, ④______________________________
_______________________________ (我擦了擦眼泪，抬起眼睛，盯着天花板，动作链描写), tears welling up in my eyes. Faced with such a cruel fact, it seemed as if my world had collapsed. I was in such a bad mood that I had a long face all day long. Nothing could cheer me up.
my eyes brimming/filled with tears
I wiped my tears, lifted my eyes and focused my eyes on the ceiling
Worried and anxious, my best friend gently patted me on the shoulder and ⑤______________________ (盯着我的眼睛), constantly comforting me with witty and humorous words. Finally, I cracked a smile and ⑥_______
____________________ (眼里闪烁着希望的光芒).
stared into my eyes
my eyes
sparkled with hope
