限时练15 必修第三册 UNIT 8(A组)
阅读A 体裁:说明文 主题语境:科学技术 难度:★★★☆☆
There’s a new frontier in 3D printing that’s beginning to come into focus: food. Recent development has made possible machines that print, cook, and serve foods on a mass scale. And the industry isn’t stopping there.
Food production
With a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake. Not everybody can do that—it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to “recreate forms and pieces” of food that are “exactly the same”, freeing cooks to complete other tasks. In another restaurant, all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed, rather than farm to table.
Sustainability (可持续性)
The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels. Sustainability is becoming a necessity. 3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution. Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids (水解胶体) from plentiful renewables like algae (藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients.3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions. Grocery stores of the future might stock “food” that lasts years on end, freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements.
Nutrition
Future 3D food printers could make processed food healthier. Hod Lipson, a professor at Columbia University, said, “Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins. So instead of eating a piece of yesterday’s bread from the supermarket, you’d eat something baked just for you on demand.”
Challenges
Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome. Currently, most ingredients must be changed to a paste before a printer can use them, and the printing process is quite time-consuming, because ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways. On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad. Some experts are skeptical about 3D food printers, believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high-end restaurants.
1.What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production
A. It helps cooks to create new dishes. B. It saves time and effort in cooking.
C. It improves the cooking conditions. D. It contributes to restaurant decorations.
2.According to paragraph 4, 3D-printed food ________.
A. is more available to consumers B. can meet individual nutritional needs
C. is more tasty than food in supermarkets D. can keep all the nutrition in raw materials
3.What is the main factor that prevents 3D food printing from spreading widely
A. The printing process is complicated. B. 3D food printers are too expensive.
C. Food materials have to be dry. D. Some experts doubt 3D food printing.
阅读B 体裁:说明文 主题语境:绿色生活 难度:★★★☆☆
Since the last ice age, humans have cleared nearly half of the earth’s forests and grasslands for agriculture. With the world population expanding, there’s ever-increasing pressure on farmland to produce not only more food but also clean energy. In places such as Yakima County, Washington, it’s created competition for space as land-hungry solar panels (板) consume available fields. Last month, the state approved plans to cover 1,700 acres of agricultural land with solar panels, fueling concerns over the long-term impacts of losing cropland.
A recent study from the University of California, however, shows how farmers may soon harvest crops and energy together. One researcher, Majdi Abou Najm, explains that visible light spectrum (光谱) can be separated into blue and red light waves, and their photons (光子) have different properties. Blue ones have higher energy than red ones. While that gives blue light what is needed to generate power, it also results in higher temperatures. “From a plant angle, red photons are the efficient ones,” says Abou Najm. “They don’t make the plant feel hot.”
A goal of the study is to create a new generation of solar panels. He sees potential in the organic solar cells, which come from carbon-based materials. Thin and transparent, the cells are applied like a film onto various surfaces. This new technology could be used to develop special solar panels that block blue light to generate power, while passing red light on to crops planted directly below. These panels could also provide shade for heat-sensitive fruits during the hottest part of the day.
By 2050, we’ll have two billion more people, and we’ll need more food and more energy. By maximizing the solar spectrum, “we’re making full use of an endlessly sustainable resource,” says Abou Najm. “If a technology kicks in that can develop these panels, then the sky is the limit on how efficient we can be.”
4.What problem does the first paragraph focus on
A. Losing cropland to solar panels. B. Distribution of the world population.
C. Reduction in forests and grasslands. D. Competing for land between farmers.
5.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Generation of solar power. B. Hot weather increasing efficiency.
C. Blue photons having higher energy. D. Separation of visible light spectrum.
6.What do we know about the organic solar cells
A. They make fruits heat-sensitive. B. They can cool down in hot days.
C. They allow red light to pass through. D. They can store carbon-based materials.
7.What does Abou Najm think of the future of the new solar panels
A. Limited. B. Promising. C. Uncertain. D. Challenging.
七选五 (2024·全国甲卷) 体裁:说明文 主题语境:健康饮食 难度:★★☆☆☆
What is moderation (适度) Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. 1 But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.
Take your time. It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. 2 It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.
Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, especially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. 3
Control emotional (情绪的) eating. 4 Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings.
5 A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14—16 hours until breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you’re most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight.
A. Eat properly throughout the day.
B. We don’t always eat just to satisfy hunger.
C. Don’t swallow a meal on the way to work.
D. Most of us need to double the amount we eat.
E. Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.
F. For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.
G. That won’t lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan.
完形填空 体裁:记叙文 主题语境:个人经历 难度:★★★☆☆
I had a terrible experience last year. One night my younger brother, Chase, was driving us home from our weekly cleaning of the church. We were both getting 1 , so we picked up a couple of energy drinks at a gas station. Then we jumped onto the freeway and 2 home.
The ride was fine. My brother was focused, so I 3 my eyes. I woke up when we were close to our exit. But the car 4 turned to the right. I did not care at first because Chase often played jokes. Then I 5 it was not a joke at all.
I shouted my brother’s name at the top of my 6 . He woke up from his sleep in time to slam on the brakes, though the brakes did little to 7 us down. We crashed into a streetlight, 8 us hit the dirt hill of the off-ramp (出口匝道).
Then I 9 something white and bright shoot toward my chest. It hit me and left me breathless but 10 me from the dashboard (仪表盘). The streetlight swung around, hitting two other 11 and then crashed back onto the hood of our car. One inch 12 to us, Chase and I wouldn’t be here today. A kind man 13 us out of our car, and the policeman came to 14 us. They said there were no broken ribs (肋骨) and no internal bleeding.
Our dad 15 on the scene in his car and drove us home. From that day on, we never drove while we were sleepy or tired again.
1.A. happy B. sleepy C. puzzled D. curious
2.A. stayed B. biked C. headed D. missed
3.A. opened B. fixed C. touched D. shut
4.A. suddenly B. finally C. actually D. steadily
5.A. predicted B. admitted C. realized D. suggested
6.A. voice B. action C. noise D. strength
7.A. put B. slow C. settle D. calm
8.A. watching B. feeling C. making D. hearing
9.A. had B. sent C. threw D. saw
10.A. pulled B. left C. filled D. saved
11.A. cars B. lights C. boys D. poles
12.A. faster B. better C. closer D. farther
13.A. carried B. locked C. forced D. helped
14.A. talk to B. break through C. turn against D. charge for
15.A. called B. arrived C. shouted D. knocked
限时练15
A 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了3D打印技术在食物上的应用取得了进展，但目前仍面临着许多方面的挑战。
1.B 推理判断题。根据Food production中的“With a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake. Not everybody can do that—it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to ‘recreate forms and pieces’ of food that are ‘exactly the same，’ freeing cooks to complete other tasks. (有了3D打印机，厨师可以打印复杂的巧克力雕塑和漂亮的装饰在婚礼蛋糕上。不是每个人都能做到这一点——这需要多年的经验，但一台打印机使它变得容易。西班牙一家餐厅使用Foodini来‘重新制作’‘一模一样’的食物，让厨师们腾出时间去完成其他任务。)”可推断，3D打印的优势是节省了做饭的时间和精力。故选B。
2.B 细节理解题。根据Nutrition中的“Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins.(食品打印可以让消费者打印出具有定制营养成分的食品，比如维生素。)”可知，3D打印出来的食物可以满足个人营养需求。故选B。
3.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad. (最重要的是，现在大多数3D食品打印机都局限于干燥的原料，因为肉类和奶制品很容易变质。)”可推断，食品材料必须干燥是阻碍3D食品打印普及的主要因素。故选C。
B 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项研究表明，可以通过开发新一代太阳能电池板来收获红色和蓝色的光波，分别满足农业和发电的需要，最大限度地利用太阳能。
4.A 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“With the world population expanding, there’s ever-increasing pressure on farmland to produce not only more food but also clean energy. In places such as Yakima County, Washington, it’s created competition for space as land-hungry solar panels (板) consume available fields. Last month, the state approved plans to cover 1，700 acres of agricultural land with solar panels, fueling concerns over the long-term impacts of losing cropland.(随着世界人口的增长，农田不仅要生产更多的粮食，还要生产清洁能源，农田的压力越来越大。在华盛顿州亚基马县等地，由于需要土地的太阳能电池板消耗了可用的田地，这就造成了空间竞争。上个月，该州批准了用太阳能电池板覆盖1700英亩农田的计划，这加剧了人们对失去农田的长期影响的担忧。)”可知，第一段主要讲述了太阳能电池板占据农田，导致农田空间减少。故选A。
5.C 代词指代题。that为指示代词，常用来指代上文提到的事物。根据画线词前一句“Blue ones have higher energy than red ones.(蓝色的光子比红色的光子能量高。)”可知，that指代的是蓝色光子有更高的能量，更高的能量给予了产生电所需的蓝光。故选C。
6.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This new technology could be used to develop special solar panels that block blue light to generate power, while passing red light on to crops planted directly below.(这项新技术可以用于开发特殊的太阳能电池板，该电池板可以阻挡蓝光发电，同时把红光传给正下方种植的作物。)”可知，这种有机太阳能电池板能够阻挡蓝光，让红光通过。故选C。
7.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“By maximizing the solar spectrum, ‘we’re making full use of an endlessly sustainable resource，’ says Abou Najm. ‘If a technology kicks in that can develop these panels, then the sky is the limit on how efficient we can be.’ (Abou Najm说，通过最大限度地利用太阳能光谱，‘我们正在充分利用无尽的可持续资源。’‘如果能够开发出这些面板的一项技术生效，那么我们的效率就是无限的。’)”可知，Abou Najm认为有机太阳能电池板能够最大限度地利用无尽的太阳能资源，让人类的效率变得无限。由此可推测出，他认为有机太阳能电池板非常有前景。故选B。
七选五
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了要适度饮食并选择健康的食物。
1.F 上文“Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. (基本上，它意味着只吃你身体需要的食物。你应该在用餐结束时感到满足，但不要太饱)”指出，进餐时不要吃太饱，吃东西要适量。下文“But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. (但这并不意味着要告别你喜欢的食物)”指出，适度进食不是要放弃吃自己喜欢的食物。F项“对我们许多人来说，节制意味着比现在少吃。”解释了何为适度进食，承上启下，符合语境，选项中的“means”与下文“mean”一致。故选F项。
2.C 根据上文“Take your time. It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. (慢慢来。放慢脚步，把食物看作是有营养的东西，而不仅仅是会议间隙吃的东西，这一点很重要)”可知，本段主要建议读者吃东西要细嚼慢咽，不要过于急躁。C项“上班路上不要吞下饭。”承接上文，符合语境。故选C。
3.E 上文“It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. (如果你已经准备好了不健康的零食，比如饼干，那么适度饮食就更具挑战性了。)”指出，吃不健康的食物不利于适度饮食，E项“相反，你应该选择健康的食物。”符合语境，建议读者选择健康的食物。选项中的“healthy”与上文中的“unhealthy”相对应。故选E项。
4.B 根据本段首句“Control emotional (情绪的) eating. (控制情绪化进食)”以及下文“Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom.(我们中的许多人也会求助于食物来处理不愉快的情绪，如悲伤、孤独或无聊)”可知，本段主要建议读者不要情绪化地暴饮暴食，要健康饮食。B项“我们吃东西并不总是为了充饥。”指出有些人吃东西并不总是为了充饥，引出下文有些人通过食物发泄情绪，符合语境。故选B。
5.A 设空处位于段首，总结全段，下文“A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14—16 hours until breakfast the next morning. (健康的早餐可以启动你的新陈代谢，而吃少量健康的食物可以让你一整天都精力充沛。避免在深夜进食。尽量早点吃晚饭，禁食14—16个小时，直到第二天早上吃早餐。)”指出，我们在一天中的每个时间段都要健康饮食。A项“一整天都要适当饮食。”符合语境。故选A。
完形填空
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在作者和弟弟回家途中，弟弟因为疲劳驾驶发生了车祸，好在两人都没有受伤。
1.B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们俩都困了，所以我们在加油站买了几瓶能量饮料。happy “快乐的”； sleepy “困倦的”； puzzled “困惑的”； curious “好奇的”。根据后文“so we picked up a couple of energy drinks at a gas station”可知，购买能量饮料说明他们都疲惫困倦了。故选B。
2.C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我们上了高速公路，直奔家。stay “停留”； bike “骑自行车”； head “前往”； miss “错过”。根据上文“One night my younger brother, Chase, was driving us home from our weekly cleaning of the church.(一天晚上，我的弟弟蔡斯在每周一次的教堂大扫除后开车送我们回家)”可知，他们此行是为了回家。故选C。
3.D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我弟弟很专注，所以我闭上了眼睛。open “打开”； fix “修理”； touch “触碰”； shut “关闭”。根据后文“I woke up when we were close to our exit.(快到出口的时候我醒了)”可知，作者闭上了眼睛。故选D。
4.A 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是汽车突然向右拐了。suddenly “突然”； finally “最后”； actually “实际上”； steadily “稳定地”。根据后文“I did not care at first because Chase often played jokes.(起初我并不在意，因为蔡斯经常开玩笑)”推测，汽车突然右拐，作者以为弟弟在开玩笑。故选A。
5.C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我意识到这根本不是一个玩笑。predict “预测”； admit “承认”； realize “意识到”； suggest “建议”。根据后文“it was not a joke at all”可知，此处指作者意识到这不是开玩笑，后文撞车也是提示。故选C。
6.A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我扯着嗓子喊我弟弟的名字。voice “嗓音”； action “行动”； noise “噪音”； strength “力量”。根据“He woke up from his sleep in time to slam on the brakes”并结合语境可知，车子偏离了车道，作者用最大音量叫弟弟的名字。故选A。
7.B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他及时从睡梦中醒来，猛踩刹车，尽管刹车并没有让我们减速。put “放置”； slow “放慢速度”； settle “解决”； calm “使平静”。根据上文“though the brakes did little to”可知，踩刹车是为了减速。故选B。
8.C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们撞上了一盏路灯，撞到了出口匝道的土山上。watch “观看”； feel “感觉”； make “使得”； hear “听见”。根据前文“We crashed into a streetlight”可知，这一举动使得他们撞到了匝道的土山上。故选C。
9.D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我看到一个又白又亮的东西朝我的胸口射来。have “有”； send “发送”； throw “扔”； see “看见”。根据后文“something white and bright shoot toward my chest”可知，此处指作者看到了一个东西朝胸口射来。故选D。
10.D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它击中了我，让我喘不过气来，但让我免于撞上仪表盘。pull “拉”； leave“离开”； fill “装满”； save “挽救”。根据后文“me from the dashboard (仪表盘)”可知，这个东西让作者可以脱离仪表盘，save sb from表示“把某人从……救出”。故选D。
11.A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：路灯晃来晃去，撞到了另外两辆车，然后又撞到了我们车的引擎盖上。car “汽车”； light “光线”； boy “男孩”； pole “杆子”。根据上文“The streetlight swung around, hitting two other”以及他们当时在路上可知，此处是指另外两辆车。故选A。
12.C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：离我们再近一点，我和蔡斯今天就不会在这里了。faster “更快的”； better “更好的”； closer “更近的”； farther “更远的”。根据上文“then crashed back onto the hood of our car”可知，路灯撞倒了引擎盖上，如果离得近一点，作者和弟弟就会受伤。故选C。
13.D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个善良的人把我们从车里扶了出来，警察走过来和我们说话。carry “搬运”； lock “锁上”； force “迫使”； help “帮助”。根据后文“us out of our car”可知，此处指一个善良的人帮助了他们。故选D。
14.A 考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。talk to “与……谈话”； break through “突破”； turn against “背叛”； charge for “要价”。根据后文“They said there were no broken ribs (肋骨) and no internal bleeding.(他们说没有肋骨断裂，也没有内出血)”可知，警察走过来和他们说话。故选A。
15.B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸开着他的车来到现场，开车送我们回家。call打电话”； arrive “到达”； shout “叫喊”； knock “敲打”。根据后文“on the scene in his car and drove us home”可知，此处指父亲来到了现场，送他们回家。故选B。(共81张PPT)
限时练15
必修第三册 UNIT 8(A组)
阅读A 体裁：说明文 主题语境：科学技术 难度：★★★☆☆
There’s a new frontier in 3D printing that’s beginning to come into focus: food. Recent development has made possible machines that print, cook, and serve foods on a mass scale. And the industry isn’t stopping there.
Food production
With a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake. Not everybody can
do that—it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to “recreate forms and pieces” of food that are “exactly the same”, freeing cooks to complete other tasks. In another restaurant, all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed, rather than farm to table.
Sustainability (可持续性)
The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels. Sustainability is becoming a necessity.
3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution. Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids (水解胶体) from plentiful renewables like algae (藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients.3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions. Grocery stores of the future might stock “food” that lasts years on end, freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements.
Nutrition
Future 3D food printers could make processed food healthier. Hod Lipson, a professor at Columbia University, said, “Food printing could allow consumers
to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins. So instead of eating a piece of yesterday’s bread from the supermarket, you’d eat something baked just for you on demand.”
Challenges
Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome. Currently, most ingredients must be changed to a paste before a printer can use them, and the printing process is quite time-consuming, because ingredients interact with eachother in very complex ways. On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to
dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad. Some experts are skeptical about 3D food printers, believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high-end restaurants.
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了3D打印技术在食物上的应用取得了进展，但目前仍面临着许多方面的挑战。
1.What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production
It helps cooks to create new dishes.
B. It saves time and effort in cooking.
C. It improves the cooking conditions.
D. It contributes to restaurant decorations.
B 推理判断题。根据Food production中的“With a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces
答案与解析
for decoration on a wedding cake. Not everybody can do that—it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to ‘recreate forms and pieces’ of food that are ‘exactly the same，’ freeing cooks to complete other tasks. (有了3D打印机，厨师可以打印复杂的巧克力雕塑和漂亮的装饰在婚礼蛋糕上。不是每个人都能做到这一点——这需要多年的经验，但一台打印机使它变得容易。西班牙一家餐厅使用Foodini来‘重新制作’‘一模一样’的食物，让厨师们腾出时间去完成其他任务。)”可推断，3D打印的优势是节省了做饭的时间和精力。故选B。
答案与解析
2.According to paragraph 4, 3D-printed food ________.
is more available to consumers
B. can meet individual nutritional needs
C. is more tasty than food in supermarkets
D. can keep all the nutrition in raw materials
B 细节理解题。根据Nutrition中的“Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins.(食品打印可以让消费者打印出具有定制营养成分的食品，比如维生素。)”可知，3D打印出来的食物可以满足个人营养需求。故选B。
答案与解析
3.What is the main factor that prevents 3D food printing from spreading widely
A. The printing process is complicated.
B. 3D food printers are too expensive.
C. Food materials have to be dry.
D. Some experts doubt 3D food printing.
C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad. (最重要的是，现在大多数3D食品打印机都局限于干燥的原料，因为肉类和奶制品很容易变质。)”可推断，食品材料必须干燥是阻碍3D食品打印普及的主要因素。故选C。
答案与解析
阅读B 体裁：说明文 主题语境：绿色生活 难度：★★★☆☆
Since the last ice age, humans have cleared nearly half of the earth’s forests and grasslands for agriculture. With the world population expanding, there’s ever-increasing pressure on farmland to produce not only more food but also clean energy. In places such as Yakima County, Washington, it’s created competition for space as land-hungry solar panels (板) consume available fields. Last month, the state approved plans to cover 1，700 acres of agricultural land with solar panels, fueling concerns over the long-term impacts of losing cropland.
A recent study from the University of California, however, shows how farmers may soon harvest crops and energy together. One researcher, Majdi Abou Najm, explains that visible light spectrum (光谱) can be separated into blue and red light waves, and their photons (光子) have different properties. Blue ones have higher energy than red ones. While that gives blue light what is needed to generate power, it also results in higher temperatures. “From a plant angle, red photons are the efficient ones，” says Abou Najm. “They don’t make the plant feel hot.”
A goal of the study is to create a new generation of solar panels. He sees potential in the organic solar cells, which come from carbon-based materials. Thin and transparent, the cells are applied like a film onto various surfaces. This new technology could be used to develop special solar panels that block blue light to generate power, while passing red light on to crops planted directly below. These panels could also provide shade for heat-sensitive fruits during the hottest part of the day.
By 2050, we’ll have two billion more people, and we’ll need more food and more energy. By maximizing the solar spectrum, “we’re making full use of an endlessly sustainable resource，” says Abou Najm. “If a technology kicks in that can develop these panels, then the sky is the limit on how efficient we can be.”
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项研究表明，可以通过开发新一代太阳能电池板来收获红色和蓝色的光波，分别满足农业和发电的需要，最大限度地利用太阳能。
4.What problem does the first paragraph focus on
Losing cropland to solar panels.
B. Distribution of the world population.
C. Reduction in forests and grasslands.
D. Competing for land between farmers.
A 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“With the world population expanding, there’s ever-increasing pressure on farmland to produce not
答案与解析
only more food but also clean energy. In places such as Yakima County, Washington, it’s created competition for space as land-hungry solar panels (板) consume available fields. Last month, the state approved plans to cover 1，700 acres of agricultural land with solar panels, fueling concerns over the long-term impacts of losing cropland.(随着世界人口的增长，农田不仅要生产更多的粮食，还要生产清洁能源，农田的压力越来越大。在华盛顿州亚基马县等
答案与解析
地，由于需要土地的太阳能电池板消耗了可用的田地，这就造成了空间竞争。上个月，该州批准了用太阳能电池板覆盖1700英亩农田的计划，这加剧了人们对失去农田的长期影响的担忧。)”可知，第一段主要讲述了太阳能电池板占据农田，导致农田空间减少。故选A。
答案与解析
5.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Generation of solar power.
B. Hot weather increasing efficiency.
C. Blue photons having higher energy.
D. Separation of visible light spectrum.
C 代词指代题。that为指示代词，常用来指代上文提到的事物。根据画线词前一句“Blue ones have higher energy than red ones.(蓝色的光子比红色的光子能量高。)”可知，that指代的是蓝色光子有更高的能量，更高的能量给予了产生电所需的蓝光。故选C。
答案与解析
6.What do we know about the organic solar cells
A. They make fruits heat-sensitive.
B. They can cool down in hot days.
C. They allow red light to pass through.
D. They can store carbon-based materials.
C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This new technology could be used to develop special solar panels that block blue light to generate power, while passing red light on to crops planted directly below.(这项新技术可以用于开发特殊的太阳能电池板，该电池板可以阻挡蓝光发电，同时把红光传给正下方种植的作物。)”可知，这种有机太阳能电池板能够阻挡蓝光，让红光通过。故选C。
答案与解析
7.What does Abou Najm think of the future of the new solar panels
A. Limited. B. Promising. C. Uncertain. D. Challenging.
B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“By maximizing the solar spectrum, ‘we’re making full use of an endlessly sustainable resource，’ says Abou Najm. ‘If a technology kicks in that can develop these panels, then the sky is the limit on how efficient we can be.’ (Abou Najm说，通过最大限度地利用太阳能光谱，‘我们正在充分利用无尽的可持
答案与解析
续资源。’‘如果能够开发出这些面板的一项技术生效，那么我们的效率就是无限的。’)”可知，Abou Najm认为有机太阳能电池板能够最大限度地利用无尽的太阳能资源，让人类的效率变得无限。由此可推测出，他认为有机太阳能电池板非常有前景。故选B。
答案与解析
阅读C 体裁：说明文 主题语境：科学技术 难度：★★★☆☆
(阅读C、D)
Imagine taking a flying taxi to the airport, or hopping over crowded city streets at rush hour, getting where you want to go far faster than you could in a car. Believe it or not, you might be able to do these things in an electric air taxi sooner than you think.
An air taxi is a small aircraft that can carry people from place to place. Air taxis don’t need a long runway like planes do. They can go straight up and down, like a helicopter.
In June, the FAA—the government group in charge of America’s skies—agreed to allow a company called Joby Aviation to start testing their new air taxi.
Joby has been making and testing flying taxis since 2017. But this is the first time that they’re testing a taxi that’s been built in a factory. Before that, all their taxis were made by hand.
By 2025, Joby hopes to start carrying passengers for money. They’ve teamed up with Delta Air Lines to create a program to fly people from their homes to the airport. Joby also expects their air taxis to provide a ride-sharing service in the air. Just like you might use an app to order a car to pick you up, you could use an app to order an air taxi.
Compared with helicopters, Joby claims their taxis are cheaper. The company expects to charge about $3 a mile (1.6 kilometers) at first. But over time, they hope to bring the price down to less than $1 per mile.
Joby isn’t the only company to develop air panies around the world are working on similar vehicles. France even plans to use a few air taxis in Paris during next summer’s Olympic Games.
But there’s still a lot to do before air taxis become common. For one thing, governments need to make rules about where, when, and how these taxis can fly.
Still, it seems likely that air taxis will be part of the future of travel. The FAA says, “We could see air taxis in the skies by 2024 or 2025.”
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Joby Aviation公司正在研发的空中飞行出租车的各种优势，并且借此表达了未来对飞行汽车的乐观态度。
8.What do the underlined words “hopping over” in paragraph 1 mean
A. Moving below. B. Walking across.
C. Jumping into. D. Flying over.
D 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“Imagine taking a flying taxi to the airport, or hopping over crowded city streets at rush hour, getting where you want to go far faster than you could in a car. (想象一下，乘坐一辆飞行出租车去机场，或者在高峰时间hopping over拥挤的城市街道，用比汽车更快的速度到达你想去的地方)”可知，此处指在高峰期越过拥挤的街道，因此画线词义与flying over 相近，故选D。
答案与解析
9.What can we know about Joby’s air taxis
A. They are factory-made from the start.
B. They were developed several years ago.
C. They will offer service to passengers through the FAA.
D. They will be used during the next Olympic Games.
B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Joby has been making and testing flying taxis since 2017. (Joby从2017年开始制造和测试飞行出租车)”可知，Joby 公司已经在很多年前就开始研发空中出租车了，故选B。
答案与解析
10.What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about
A. Joby’s plan about air taxis.
B. The history of Joby Aviation.
C. Air taxi team’s service promises.
D. Instructions for using a new app.
A 主旨大意题。根据第五段中的“By 2025, Joby hopes to start carrying passengers for money. (到2025年，Joby希望开始赚钱载客)”和“Joby also expects their air taxis to provide a ride-sharing service in the air. (Joby还希望他们的空中出租车能在空中提供拼车服务)”可知，第五段主要讲述了Joby公司对于未来空中出租车的设想与计划，故选A。
答案与解析
11.In what way are air taxis better than helicopters
A. They are more comfortable. B. They are more intelligent.
C. They are cheaper. D. They are faster.
C 细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Compared with helicopters, Joby claims their taxis are cheaper. (Joby称，与直升机相比，他们的出租车更便宜)”可知，空中出租车与直升机相比更便宜，故选C。
答案与解析
阅读D (2025·鹤华中学模拟) 体裁：说明文 主题语境：人与社会 难度：★★★☆☆
Power often boosts an employee’s creativity because being powerful liberates the individual from restrictions. However, new research shows that employees who are not in positions of power can become more creative when given time to “warm up” by engaging in the creative tasks more than once.
“This is important because when people with more power are able to express their creative ideas more than those with less power, it leads to rich-get-richer dynamics that strengthen these power imbalances，” said Brian Lucas, an assistant professor at Cornell University. “Understanding ways to boost the creativity of lower-power workers can help them find the right way to deal with this low-power disadvantage，” Lucas said.
Lucas and his colleagues conducted three studies to reach their conclusion. In the first study, they divided the creative idea generation
session into two rounds: a one-minute “warm-up” followed by a second round in which the participants could take as long as they wanted. Participants were randomly assigned to a high-power condition or a low-power condition, and feelings of power were generated with a role manipulation (操纵) where participants were given a leadership role with control over resources (high power) or an employee role with no control over resources (low power). The study found that high-power individuals were more creative than low-power individuals in the warm-up round. There was no difference, though, in creativity in the second round.
In the second study, the researchers gave them a different creative task and increased the number of rounds from two to five, participants taking as long as they like to complete the task. Consistent with the first study, the study found that high-power individuals were more creative than low-power individuals in the first round. But the creativity of low-power individuals caught up with the creativity of the high-power individuals after the first round. Results of the third study demonstrated that a different creativity task can also warm up low-power people for an unrelated creativity task.
“Given the high value of creative ideas for organizations, it is vital to develop approaches that empower all employees to tap their creative potential，” Lucas said. “The low-power warm-up effect suggests a simple intervention that empowers all employees to tap their creative potential and overcomes power imbalances in the workplace: when pursuing creative work, let employees warm up first.”
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍新的研究表明，没有权力的员工在多次参与创造性任务后，也能提高创造力。研究还发现，让员工先“热身”可以克服职场中的权力不平衡，激发所有员工的创造力。
12.Why does Lucas think it important to boost the creativity of lower-power workers
A. It maintains power imbalances.
B. It motivates their ambition to catch up.
C. It creates a competitive work environment.
D. It encourages a workplace with more equality.
D 推理判断题。根据第二段中Lucas的话“This is important because when people with more power are able to express their creative ideas more than those with less power, it leads to rich-get-richer dynamics that strengthen these power imbalances (这一点很重要，因为当拥有更多权力的人能够比那些权力较小的人更多地表达他们的创造性想法时，就会导致富人更富的动态，从而加剧这种权力不平衡)”和“Understanding ways to boost the creativity of
答案与解析
lower-power workers can help them find the right way to deal with this low-power disadvantage (了解如何提高低权力员工的创造力，可以帮助他们找到应对这种低权力劣势的正确方法)”可推知，卢卡斯认为提高低权力员工的创造力可以帮助他们应对这种低权力的劣势，即有助于找到应对权力不平衡的正确方法，从而鼓励一个更加平等的工作场所。故选D。
答案与解析
13.How did Lucas and his co-authors stimulate feelings of power in the participants
A. Through a creative task with time limits.
B. Through providing them with different positions.
C. Through a competition between leaders and employees.
D. Through assigning them to different conditions intentionally.
B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Participants were randomly assigned to a high-power condition or a low-power condition, and feelings of power were generated with a role manipulation where participants were given a leadership role with control over resources (high power) or an employee role with no control over resources (low power). (参与者被随机分配到高权力条件或低权力条件中，并通
答案与解析
过角色操纵产生权力感，在那里参与者被赋予控制资源的领导角色(高权力)或不控制资源的员工角色(低权力)。)”可知，在第一项研究中，通过给参与者分配不同的角色，让他们在不同的条件下工作，从而感受到权力，因此参与者的权力感是通过给予不同的角色(leadership 或 employee role)来产生的。故选B。
答案与解析
14.What can describe the relationship between power and creativity according to the studies
A. It’s fixed. B. It’s dynamic.
C. It’s unpredictable. D. It’s irrelevant.
B 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The study found that high-power individuals were more creative than low-power individuals in the warm-up round. There was no difference, though, in creativity in the second round. (研究发现，在热身赛中，权力大的人比权力小的人更有创造力。不过，在第二轮比赛中，创造力没有差异)”和第四段中的“Consistent with the first study, the study found that high-power individuals were more creative than low-power individuals in
答案与解析
the first round. But the creativity of low-power individuals caught up with the creativity of the high-power individuals after the first round.
(与第一项研究一致，研究发现，在第一轮比赛中，权力大的人比权力小的人更有创造力。但在第一轮之后，权力小的人的创造力赶上了权力大的人)”可知，在第一轮比赛中，权力大的人比权力小的人更有创造力，但在第一轮之后，权力小的人的创造力赶上了权力大的人，说明权力和创造力的关系是动态的。故选B。
答案与解析
15.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Higher Power Contributes to More Creativity
B. Changing Tasks Boosts All the Employees’ Creativity
C. “Warm-up Time” Bridges Creativity Imbalances
D. Low-power Individuals Outperform the High-power Ones
C 标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“However, new research shows that employees who are not in positions of power can become more creative when given time to ‘warm up’ by engaging in the creative tasks more than once. (然而，新的研究表明，如果给那些没有权力的员工时间，通过多次参与创造性任务来‘热身’，他们会变得更有创造力。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍研究发现，一般情况下,
答案与解析
职位高的员工比职位低的员工更具有创造力，但是热身环节可以激发职位低的员工的创造力，从而创造一个更加公平的工作环境,所以选项C“‘热身时间’弥补了创造力的不平衡”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。
答案与解析
七选五 (2024·全国甲卷) 体裁：说明文 主题语境：健康饮食 难度：★★☆☆☆
What is moderation (适度) Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. 1 But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.
Take your time. It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. 2 It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your
body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.
Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, especially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. 3
Control emotional (情绪的) eating. 4 Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can
regain control over the food you eat and your feelings.
5 A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14—16 hours until breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you’re most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight.
A. Eat properly throughout the day.
B. We don’t always eat just to satisfy hunger.
C. Don’t swallow a meal on the way to work.
D. Most of us need to double the amount we eat.
E. Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.
F. For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.
G. That won’t lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan.
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了要适度饮食并选择健康的食物。
1.F 上文“Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full.
(基本上，它意味着只吃你身体需要的食物。你应该在用餐结束时感到满足，但不要太饱)”指出，进餐时不要吃太饱，吃东西要适量。下文“But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.
答案与解析
(但这并不意味着要告别你喜欢的食物)”指出，适度进食不是要放弃吃自己喜欢的食物。F项“对我们许多人来说，节制意味着比现在少吃。”解释了何为适度进食，承上启下，符合语境，选项中的“means”与下文“mean”一致。故选F项。
答案与解析
2.C 根据上文“Take your time. It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. (慢慢来。放慢脚步，把食物看作是有营养的东西，而不仅仅是会议间隙吃的东西，这一点很重要)”可知，本段主要建议读者吃东西要细嚼慢咽，不要过于急躁。C项“上班路上不要吞下饭。”承接上文，符合语境。故选C。
答案与解析
3.E 上文“It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. (如果你已经准备好了不健康的零食，比如饼干，那么适度饮食就更具挑战性了。)”指出，吃不健康的食物不利于适度饮食，E项“相反，你应该选择健康的食物。”符合语境，建议读者选择健康的食物。选项中的“healthy”与上文中的“unhealthy”相对应。故选E项。
答案与解析
4.B 根据本段首句“Control emotional (情绪的) eating. (控制情绪化进食)”以及下文“Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom.(我们中的许多人也会求助于食物来处理不愉快的情绪，如悲伤、孤独或无聊)”可知，本段主要建议读者不要情绪化地暴饮暴食，要健康饮食。B项“我们吃东西并不总是为了充饥。”指出有些人吃东西并不总是为了充饥，引出下文有些人通过食物发泄情绪，符合语境。故选B。
答案与解析
5.A 设空处位于段首，总结全段，下文“A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14—16 hours until breakfast the next morning. (健康的早餐可以启动你的新陈代谢，而吃少量健康的食物可以让你一整天都精力充沛。避免在深夜进食。尽量早点吃晚饭，禁食14—16个小时，直到第二天早上吃早餐。)”指出，我们在一天中的每个时间段都要健康饮食。A项“一整天都要适当饮食。”符合语境。故选A。
答案与解析
完形填空 体裁：记叙文 主题语境：个人经历
难度：★★★☆☆
I had a terrible experience last year. One night my younger brother, Chase, was driving us home from our weekly cleaning of the church. We were both getting 1 , so we picked up a couple of energy drinks at a gas station. Then we jumped onto the freeway and 2 home.
The ride was fine. My brother was focused, so I 3 my eyes. I woke up when we were close to our exit. But the car 4 turned to the right. I did not care at first because Chase often played jokes. Then I
5 it was not a joke at all.
I shouted my brother’s name at the top of my 6 . He woke up from his sleep in time to slam on the brakes, though the brakes did little to 7 us down. We crashed into a streetlight, 8 us hit the dirt hill of the off-ramp (出口匝道).
Then I 9 something white and bright shoot toward my chest. It hit me and left me breathless but 10 me from the dashboard (仪表盘). The streetlight swung around, hitting two other 11 and then crashed back onto the hood of our car. One inch 12 to us, Chase and I wouldn’t
be here today. A kind man 13 us out of our car, and the policeman came to 14 us. They said there were no broken ribs (肋骨) and no internal bleeding.
Our dad 15 on the scene in his car and drove us home. From that day on, we never drove while we were sleepy or tired again.
1.A. happy B. sleepy C. puzzled D. curious
2.A. stayed B. biked C. headed D. missed
3.A. opened B. fixed C. touched D. shut
4.A. suddenly B. finally C. actually D. steadily
5.A. predicted B. admitted C. realized D. suggested
6.A. voice B. action C. noise D. strength
7.A. put B. slow C. settle D. calm
8.A. watching B. feeling C. making D. hearing
9.A. had B. sent C. threw D. saw
10.A. pulled B. left C. filled D. saved
11.A. cars B. lights C. boys D. poles
12.A. faster B. better C. closer D. farther
13.A. carried B. locked C. forced D. helped
14.A. talk to B. break through C. turn against D. charge for
15.A. called B. arrived C. shouted D. knocked
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在作者和弟弟回家途中，弟弟因为疲劳驾驶发生了车祸，好在两人都没有受伤。
1.B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们俩都困了，所以我们在加油站买了几瓶能量饮料。happy “快乐的”； sleepy “困倦的”； puzzled “困惑的”； curious “好奇的”。根据后文“so we picked up a couple of energy drinks at a gas station”可知，购买能量饮料说明他们都疲惫困倦了。故选B。
答案与解析
2.C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我们上了高速公路，直奔家。stay “停留”； bike “骑自行车”； head “前往”； miss “错过”。根据上文“One night my younger brother, Chase, was driving us home from our weekly cleaning of the church.(一天晚上，我的弟弟蔡斯在每周一次的教堂大扫除后开车送我们回家)”可知，他们此行是为了回家。故选C。
答案与解析
3.D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我弟弟很专注，所以我闭上了眼睛。open “打开”； fix “修理”； touch “触碰”； shut “关闭”。根据后文“I woke up when we were close to our exit.(快到出口的时候我醒了)”可知，作者闭上了眼睛。故选D。
答案与解析
4.A 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是汽车突然向右拐了。suddenly “突然”； finally “最后”； actually “实际上”； steadily “稳定地”。根据后文“I did not care at first because Chase often played jokes.(起初我并不在意，因为蔡斯经常开玩笑)”推测，汽车突然右拐，作者以为弟弟在开玩笑。故选A。
答案与解析
5.C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我意识到这根本不是一个玩笑。predict “预测”； admit “承认”； realize “意识到”； suggest “建议”。根据后文“it was not a joke at all”可知，此处指作者意识到这不是开玩笑，后文撞车也是提示。故选C。
6.A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我扯着嗓子喊我弟弟的名字。voice “嗓音”； action “行动”； noise “噪音”； strength “力量”。根据“He woke up from his sleep in time to slam on the brakes”并结合语境可知，车子偏离了车道，作者用最大音量叫弟弟的名字。故选A。
答案与解析
7.B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他及时从睡梦中醒来，猛踩刹车，尽管刹车并没有让我们减速。put “放置”； slow “放慢速度”； settle
“解决”； calm “使平静”。根据上文“though the brakes did little to”可
知，踩刹车是为了减速。故选B。
8.C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们撞上了一盏路灯，撞到了出口匝道的土山上。watch “观看”； feel “感觉”； make “使得”； hear “听见”。根据前文“We crashed into a streetlight”可知，这一举动使得他们撞到了匝道的土山上。故选C。
答案与解析
9.D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我看到一个又白又亮的东西朝我的胸口射来。have “有”； send “发送”； throw “扔”； see “看见”。根据后文“something white and bright shoot toward my chest”可知，此处指作者看到了一个东西朝胸口射来。故选D。
答案与解析
10.D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它击中了我，让我喘不过气来，但让我免于撞上仪表盘。pull “拉”； leave“离开”； fill “装满”； save “挽救”。根据后文“me from the dashboard (仪表盘)”可知，这个东西让作者可以脱离仪表盘，save sb from表示“把某人从……救出”。故选D。
答案与解析
11.A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：路灯晃来晃去，撞到了另外两辆车，然后又撞到了我们车的引擎盖上。car “汽车”； light
“光线”； boy “男孩”； pole “杆子”。根据上文“The streetlight swung around, hitting two other”以及他们当时在路上可知，此处是指另外两辆车。故选A。
答案与解析
12.C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：离我们再近一点，我和蔡斯今天就不会在这里了。faster “更快的”； better “更好的”； closer
“更近的”； farther “更远的”。根据上文“then crashed back onto the hood of our car”可知，路灯撞倒了引擎盖上，如果离得近一点，作者和弟弟就会受伤。故选C。
答案与解析
13.D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个善良的人把我们从车里扶了出来，警察走过来和我们说话。carry “搬运”； lock “锁上”； force “迫使”； help “帮助”。根据后文“us out of our car”可知，此处指一个善良的人帮助了他们。故选D。
答案与解析
14.A 考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。talk to “与……谈话”； break through “突破”； turn against “背叛”； charge for “要价”。根据后文“They said there were no broken ribs (肋骨) and no internal bleeding.(他们说没有肋骨断裂，也没有内出血)”可知，警察走过来和他们说话。故选A。
答案与解析
15.B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸开着他的车来到现场，开车送我们回家。call打电话”； arrive “到达”； shout “叫喊”； knock “敲打”。根据后文“on the scene in his car and drove us home”可知，此处指父亲来到了现场，送他们回家。故选B。
答案与解析限时练16 必修第三册 UNIT 8(B组)
语法填空(外刊原味)体裁:说明文主题语境:环境保护难度:★★★☆☆ | National Geographic
How big is your climate shadow The concept is emerging to replace the carbon footprint—which critics say 1.__________ (be) at best time-consuming and, at worst, meaningless. First 2.__________ (coin) by Portland, Oregon-based writer Emma Pattee, the climate shadow aims to paint a picture of the full sum of one’s choices—and the impact they have on the planet.
In an article she 3.__________ (write) in 2021, Pattee detailed her concept for measuring an individual’s impact:“Your climate shadow is a dark shape 4.__________ (stretch) out behind you. Everywhere you go, 5.__________ goes too, recording not just your air conditioning use, but also how much you talk about climate change, and whether your words amplify urgency or 6.__________ (deny).”
The larger the shadow, the greater 7.__________ individual’s impact on doing good for the planet. While your carbon footprint may shrink if you place solar panels on your roof, for example, your climate shadow would, 8.__________ contrast, grow when talking with your neighbors about your choices. Even the social impact of simply 9.__________ (display) solar panels would influence the size of your shadow.
In other words, rather than motivating 10.__________ (pure) individual actions, your climate shadow grows when those actions inspire others, knowingly or otherwise.
应用文写作 (感谢信)
假定你是李华,你在你校上周举办的英语演讲比赛中获得了一等奖。此前,你的交换生好友Peter给予了你很多帮助。请你给他写一封邮件,内容包括:1.分享获奖的喜悦;2.感谢他的帮助;3.邀请他到你家做客以表谢意。
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;2.请在相应位置作答。
Dear Peter,
Yours,
Li Hua
读后续写 (人与动物)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One night, sitting on the cold steps at the back of my apartment in Kansas, I’d been staring out into the darkness. The only light came from my cigarette. Rain soaked (浸湿) through my pants, but I didn’t care. Back in my room, there was a knife on the bedside table and a note on my computer screen. I hoped that whoever read it first would understand why I had the plan to end it all.
Six months before that night, a car accident caused a brain injury in me. I lost my job and had to live on my savings in my lonely apartment. Since then, I had been suffering from depression and struggling to get through each day.
I sat there on those cold steps just wanting to end it all. “Tonight. I will,” I thought as I took another drag of my cigarette.
“Meow ”
I looked up. A black and white cat with round green eyes looked back at me. He meowed again. Then, walking out from his hiding spot, he jumped at me. He was tiny and damp, but he rubbed up against my legs. When I reached down to pet him, he leaned into my touch, purring (发出呼噜声).
That was all it took. I cried. The cat just watched me. I didn’t scare him away. In fact, he stood there as if he knew how desperately I needed a companion right at that very moment.
I looked into his big green eyes and he looked back. Clearly a stray (流浪的) cat. “When was the last time you ate ” I said. My plan to end it all was put on hold, at least until I found this cat some food.
It became a routine: Every day, I’d go to the back steps with some cat food. Usually, the cat, whom I named Scout, was already waiting for me. He became more than something to live for. Over time he inspired me to get help for my depression and even gave me the confidence to get into a serious relationship with Becky in Pittsburgh, whom I had known for years.
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请在相应位置作答。
Scout became my constant companion.
I was far from the lonely and depressed man that Scout had first approached in the rain,
but I still needed to make a few more changes.
限时练16
语法填空
本文是一篇说明文。气候影子这个概念正在兴起，以取代碳足迹——批评者说碳足迹往好了说很耗时，往坏了说毫无意义。
1.is 考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在从句中作谓语, which引导的定语从句修饰先行词the carbon footprint，故谓语用三单，主句是现在进行时，故从句用一般现在时，填is。
2.coined 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, 本句已有谓语aims，故空处为非谓语, coin (创造)与the climate shadow之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作状语，故填coined。
3.wrote 考查动词时态。空处作谓语, 句中时间状语是in 2021，故用一般过去时，故填wrote。
4.stretching 考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语is，故空处填非谓语动词。a dark shape与stretch之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词作后置定语，故填stretching。
5.it 考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处作主语，且指代前一句中的climate shadow，故填it。
6.denial 考查词形转换。空处和or前的urgency并列作宾语，应填名词, deny的名词形式是denial, 意为“否认”。故填denial。
7.an 考查冠词。空处表“一个”, individual是发音以元音音素开始的单词，故填不定冠词an。
8.in/by 考查介词。空前一句提到 “如果你在屋顶上安装太阳能电池板，你的碳足迹可能会减少”，空后提到 “当你和邻居谈论你的选择时，你的气候影子会变大”, 空前后为对比关系，故此处是介词短语in/by contrast “相比之下”，故填介词in/by。
9.displaying 考查非谓语动词。空处作介词of的宾语，故用动名词作宾语，故填displaying。
10.purely 考查词形转换。空处作状语，应用副词，表“仅仅；完全地”，故填purely。
应用文写作
范文借鉴
Dear Peter，
I am thrilled to share with you that I just won the first prize in our school’s English speech competition last week! This accomplishment is undoubtedly a result of your invaluable assistance.
Your insights, suggestions, and encouragement were crucial in helping me prepare for the competition. I really appreciate your help.
To express my heartfelt gratitude, I would like to invite you to my home for a visit. It would be a pleasure to have you as my guest and to thank you in person for all your help.
Yours，
Li Hua
读后续写
范文借鉴
Scout became my constant companion. His presence, a warm reminder of the unexpected joys life could bring, filled the once empty corners of my apartment and my heart. We’d curl up together, his gentle purrs harmonizing with my newfound peace. I documented our journey on a blog, which unexpectedly garnered a community of supporters who shared their own tales of healing through pets. Inspired, I began volunteering at a local animal shelter, dedicating my weekends to giving back the love Scout had so generously bestowed upon me.
I was far from the lonely and depressed man that Scout had first approached in the rain, but I still needed to make a few more changes. No longer the lonely soul Scout met, I embarked on deeper healing： therapy to confront past traumas and mend relationships, including sharing my journey with Becky, whose support fortified me. My home was transformed into a warm haven of joy and laughter, enriched by Scout. Restarting my career, I pursued work that let me give back, turning life into a hopeful canvas. Scout, the stray who trusted a stranger in the rain, inadvertently saved us both.(共20张PPT)
限时练16
必修第三册 UNIT 8(B组)
语法填空(外刊原味)体裁：说明文主题语境：环境保护
难度：★★★☆☆ | National Geographic
How big is your climate shadow The concept is emerging to replace the carbon footprint—which critics say 1.__________ (be) at best time-consuming and, at worst, meaningless. First 2.__________ (coin) by Portland, Oregon-based writer Emma Pattee, the climate shadow aims to paint a picture of the full sum of one’s choices—and the impact they have on the planet.
is
coined
In an article she 3.__________ (write) in 2021, Pattee detailed her concept for measuring an individual’s impact：“Your climate shadow is a dark shape 4.__________ (stretch) out behind you. Everywhere you go, 5.__________ goes too, recording not just your air conditioning use, but also how much you talk about climate change, and whether your words amplify urgency or 6.__________ (deny).”
The larger the shadow, the greater 7.__________ individual’s impact on doing good for the planet. While your carbon footprint may shrink if you place solar panels on your roof, for example, your climate shadow
wrote
stretching
it
denial
an
would, 8.__________ contrast, grow when talking with your neighbors about your choices. Even the social impact of simply 9.__________ (display) solar panels would influence the size of your shadow.
In other words, rather than motivating 10.__________ (pure) individual actions, your climate shadow grows when those actions inspire others, knowingly or otherwise.
in/by
displaying
purely
本文是一篇说明文。气候影子这个概念正在兴起，以取代碳足迹——批评者说碳足迹往好了说很耗时，往坏了说毫无意义。
1.is 考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在从句中作谓语, which引导的定语从句修饰先行词the carbon footprint，故谓语用三单，主句是现在进行时，故从句用一般现在时，填
is。
答案与解析
2.coined 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, 本句已有谓语aims，故空处为非谓语, coin (创造)与the climate shadow之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作状语，故填coined。
3.wrote 考查动词时态。空处作谓语, 句中时间状语是in 2021，故用一般过去时，故填wrote。
4.stretching 考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语is，故空处填非谓语动词。a dark shape与stretch之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词作后置定语，故填stretching。
答案与解析
5.it 考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处作主语，且指代前一句中的climate shadow，故填it。
6.denial 考查词形转换。空处和or前的urgency并列作宾语，应填名词, deny的名词形式是denial, 意为“否认”。故填denial。
7.an 考查冠词。空处表“一个”, individual是发音以元音音素开始的单词，故填不定冠词an。
答案与解析
8.in/by 考查介词。空前一句提到 “如果你在屋顶上安装太阳能电池板，你的碳足迹可能会减少”，空后提到 “当你和邻居谈论你的选择时，你的气候影子会变大”, 空前后为对比关系，故此处是介词短语in/by contrast “相比之下”，故填介词in/by。
9.displaying 考查非谓语动词。空处作介词of的宾语，故用动名词作宾语，故填displaying。
10.purely 考查词形转换。空处作状语，应用副词，表“仅仅；完全地”，故填purely。
答案与解析
应用文写作 (感谢信)
假定你是李华，你在你校上周举办的英语演讲比赛中获得了一等奖。此前，你的交换生好友Peter给予了你很多帮助。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1.分享获奖的喜悦；2.感谢他的帮助；3.邀请他到你家做客以表谢意。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请在相应位置作答。
Dear Peter，
Yours，
Li Hua
Dear Peter，
I am thrilled to share with you that I just won the first prize in our school’s English speech competition last week! This accomplishment is undoubtedly a result of your invaluable assistance.
Your insights, suggestions, and encouragement were crucial in helping me prepare for the competition. I really appreciate your help.
范文借鉴
To express my heartfelt gratitude, I would like to invite you to my home for a visit. It would be a pleasure to have you as my guest and to thank you in person for all your help.
Yours，
Li Hua
范文借鉴
读后续写 (人与动物)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One night, sitting on the cold steps at the back of my apartment in Kansas, I’d been staring out into the darkness. The only light came from my cigarette. Rain soaked (浸湿) through my pants, but I didn’t care. Back in my room, there was a knife on the bedside table and a note on my computer screen. I hoped that whoever read it first would understand why I had the plan to end it all.
Six months before that night, a car accident caused a brain injury in me. I lost my job and had to live on my savings in my lonely apartment. Since then, I had been suffering from depression and struggling to get through each day.
I sat there on those cold steps just wanting to end it all. “Tonight. I will，” I thought as I took another drag of my cigarette.
“Meow ”
I looked up. A black and white cat with round green eyes looked back at me. He meowed again. Then, walking out from his hiding spot, he
jumped at me. He was tiny and damp, but he rubbed up against my legs. When I reached down to pet him, he leaned into my touch, purring (发出呼噜声).
That was all it took. I cried. The cat just watched me. I didn’t scare him away. In fact, he stood there as if he knew how desperately I needed a companion right at that very moment.
I looked into his big green eyes and he looked back. Clearly a stray
(流浪的) cat. “When was the last time you ate ” I said. My plan to end it all was put on hold, at least until I found this cat some food.
It became a routine: Every day, I’d go to the back steps with some cat food. Usually, the cat, whom I named Scout, was already waiting for me. He became more than something to live for. Over time he inspired me to get help for my depression and even gave me the confidence to get into a serious relationship with Becky in Pittsburgh, whom I had known for years.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请在相应位置作答。
Scout became my constant companion.
I was far from the lonely and depressed man that Scout had first approached
in the rain, but I still needed to make a few more changes.
Scout became my constant companion. His presence, a warm reminder of the unexpected joys life could bring, filled the once empty corners of my apartment and my heart. We’d curl up together, his gentle purrs harmonizing with my newfound peace. I documented our journey on a blog, which unexpectedly garnered a community of supporters who shared their own tales of healing through pets. Inspired, I began volunteering at a local animal shelter, dedicating my weekends
范文借鉴
to giving back the love Scout had so generously bestowed upon me.
I was far from the lonely and depressed man that Scout had first approached in the rain, but I still needed to make a few more changes. No longer the lonely soul Scout met, I embarked on deeper healing： therapy to confront past traumas and mend relationships, including sharing my journey with Becky, whose support fortified me. My home was transformed into a warm haven of joy and laughter, enriched by
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Scout. Restarting my career, I pursued work that let me give back,
turning life into a hopeful canvas. Scout, the stray who trusted a stranger in the rain, inadvertently saved us both.
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