限时练21 选择性必修第一册 UNIT 2(A组)
阅读A (外刊原味) 体裁:说明文 主题语境:现代技术 难度:★★☆☆ | The Independent
Scientists have invented a device that can extract drinking water from thin air using an innovative fin-like system. The device could help meet the growing global demand for potable water by harvesting the trillions of litres of fresh water in the Earth’s atmosphere.
A team from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the US came up with a low-cost and compact system that uses an approach referred to as sorption-based atmospheric water harvesting (SAWH), which makes use of water-absorbent “fins” to collect water.
“About two-thirds of the global population is suffering from water scarcity, and it is estimated that about 40 per cent of the global annual water demand will not be met by 2030, posing further challenges to public health, and agriculture,” the researchers noted in a study detailing the technology.
“There is about 1,300 trillion litres of fresh water in the atmosphere that could be readily harvested without relying on the existing liquid water supply. Sorption-based atmospheric water harvesting promises potable water production in extreme dry environments where conventional atmospheric water harvesting solutions such as fog harvesting and dewing are impracticable.”
Existing SAWH systems typically rely on solar power, however, inconsistent weather conditions and low energy density mean they are unsuitable for meeting daily human needs.The new device leverages (充分利用) waste heat to meet this demand in what the scientists claim is a low-cost and high-performance solution.
Calculations based on a working prototype of the system suggest that 1 litre of absorbent coating on the fins could produce up to 1.3 litres of potable water per day in air with 30 per cent relative humidity—a volume two to five times greater than previously developed systems.
1.Which of the following words can best describe the system
A. Influential and effective. B. Revolutionary and profitable.
C. Creative and budget. D. Economical and unique.
2.What method is workable in extreme dry environments
A. Fog harvesting. B. Conventional water harvesting.
C. Dewing. D. Sorption-based atmospheric water harvesting.
3.Why are the current systems inappropriate for meeting daily demand for water
A. There is no sufficient heat to power them.
B. They can not be powered by waste heat.
C. They use solar power easily affected by unstable weather.
D. They fail to work in changeable weather.
4.Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text
A. Drinking Water Harvested from Thin Air
B. Potable Water Stolen from the Sky
C. Fin-like Device Filtering Drinking Water
D. Fresh Water Obtained from the Atmosphere
阅读B 体裁:说明文 主题语境:技术创新 难度:★★★☆☆
American companies have learned to love renewable resources. Now, they are beginning to get involved in next-generation climate solutions.
An advanced geothermal (地热的) project supported by Google began generating electricity last week, a big step in seeking for technology that can affordably fill gaps in wind and solar generation with carbon-free power. The pilot project in northern Nevada uses drilling and fracking (水力压裂法) techniques employed by the oil and gas industry to get heat from Earth to generate power.
Geothermal technology has long been viewed as a potential way to tap the natural heat of Earth to make carbon-free power. But it has traditionally been limited to locations where there are natural underground lakes of hot water, which are hard to access. In 2021, geothermal energy accounted for less than half a percent of America’s power generation.
Fervo Energy, a Houston-based startup gives an answer—to use drilling and fracking techniques.
In Nevada, the company drilled two wells to a depth of about 8,000 feet and then extended them horizontally (水平地) for more than 3,000 feet. Then Fervo injected (注入) cold water under high pressure to cause the rock between the wells to be fracked, creating fractures(裂缝). Water is then pumped into the first well, absorbing heat as it flows through the fractures and returning to the surface via the second well at temperatures high enough to make steam and spin an engine.
The project represents a convergence of two companies’ climate ambitions. Fervo had sought to apply advances in oil and gas drilling to geothermal technology. But finding financing to prove that the company’s technology worked was a challenge. Luckily for Fervo, Google had just started reconsidering its approach to clean energy around the time when Fervo was looking to test its technology.
“The demand for clean, firm power is so urgent, especially now,” said Gabriel Malek, chief of staff at Fervo. “And we’re recognizing that the geothermal project is one workable option available to us. It is promising, actually.”
5.What is the problem with geothermal energy
A. It is in little demand.
B. It still produces CO2.
C. It is not easy to employ.
D. It is rarely seen on Earth.
6.What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A. How drilling and fracking techniques come.
B. How natural heat on Earth comes into being.
C. Fervo’s solution to pollution caused by energy.
D. Fervo’s approach to harvesting geothermal energy.
7.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “convergence” in paragraph 6
A. Source. B. Barrier. C. Combination. D. Shift.
8.What do Gabriel Malek’s words suggest
A. His company has self-funded the project.
B. He is hopeful about the geothermal project.
C. He promises to provide clean power for free.
D. His company cooperates with many businesses.
七选五 体裁:说明文 主题语境:人工智能 难度:★★★☆☆
Artificial Intelligence (AI) geolocation (人工智能地理定位技术) solutions are changing the way researchers track and monitor wildlife, enabling more powerful conservation efforts. These systems use advanced sensors, satellite imagery, and machine learning algorithms (算法) to gather real-time data on animal movements, habitat preferences, and migration patterns. 1
Traditional tracking methods often rely on non-automatic tracking or inconvenient necklace-like systems, which may cause stress and discomfort to the animals. 2 The devices can work as tags and the camera traps can be set up remotely, which decreases human impact on wildlife.
In addition, AI-powered devices collect and analyze data precisely. Through their assistance, scientists can gain insights into habitat choices and evaluate the effect of global warming on wild animal locations. 3 For example, by analyzing the collected data, conservationists can promote targeted habitat restoration efforts according to the patterns and connections they discovered with the help of AI geolocation devices.
4 By monitoring animals’ behavioral changes in real time, researchers can quickly detect signs of environmental issues. Sudden changes in an animal’s movements could indicate threats or problems. Researchers can then respond immediately, potentially saving the animal’s life.
Sharing geolocation data through online platforms can also help raise awareness about protecting endangered species. 5 This helps them feel more connected to the issues wildlife faces in habitats. The bond promotes a sense of responsibility among individuals and encourages them to contribute to wildlife conservation efforts through various means, such as donations, volunteer work, and so on.
A. This knowledge enables them to make accurate and efficient decisions.
B. However, AI tracking does not require disturbing contact with the animals.
C. AI monitoring needs fewer battery replacements than the traditional methods.
D. The solutions have offered the following key benefits to wildlife conservation.
E. Directly engaging with conservation efforts gives people a first-hand experience.
F. The AI geolocation technology significantly reduces the need for massive fieldwork.
G. With real-time data, the AI solutions also function as an early warning for wildlife risks.
完形填空 (2025·合肥模拟) 体裁:说明文 主题语境:科普知识 难度:★★★☆☆
Do you always overlook your mom’s words when talking with your friends If you’re a teen, that’s fairly 1 . And new researches may explain why so many adolescents 2 their mom’s voices.
Young kids’ brains are very tuned in to their mothers’ voices. But as they grow up, everything 3 . Teenagers’ brains are more tuned in to strangers’ voices. This obvious 4 usually happens between ages 13 and 14. That’s when teenagers are in the course of puberty (青春期), a roughly decade-long transition into adulthood.
Researchers scanned the brains of 7 to 16-year-olds as they listened to things said by their mothers or by unfamiliar women. The words were purely 5 : teebudieshawlt, keebudieshawlt and peebudieshawlt. As they listened, certain parts of their brains became 6 . This was especially true in brain regions that help us to pay attention and 7 how to obtain rewards. That’s exactly as it should be. The experiments show that those parts of their brains react more strongly to the unfamiliar voices than to their mothers’.
These areas in the adolescent brains don’t stop 8 mom. It’s just that unfamiliar voices become more rewarding and worthy of attention. As kids 9 , their survival depends less and less on maternal (母亲的) support. 10 , they rely more and more on their 11 —friends and others closer to their own age. So the brains need to begin paying more attention to that wider world. The brain seems to 12 new needs that come with adolescence.
However, mothers’ voices still have special power, especially in times of 13 . Studies also showed that levels of stress hormones (荷尔蒙) 14 when stressed-out girls heard their moms’ voices on the phone.
So while both teens and their parents sometimes feel frustrated by missed messages, that’s okay. That’s the way the 15 functions, and there’s a good reason for it.
1.A. rare B. common C. impossible D. strange
2.A. tune out B. put up C. show off D. listen to
3.A. matters B. changes C. emerges D. evolves
4.A. shift B. action C. evidence D. ability
5.A. sensible B. regular C. nonstop D. meaningless
6.A. rigid B. numb C. active D. calm
7.A. design B. claim C. inspect D. explore
8.A. responding to B. keeping out C. turning down D. working with
9.A. advance B. struggle C. mature D. shrink
10.A. Otherwise B. Therefore C. Besides D. Instead
11.A. competitors B. strangers C. peers D. relatives
12.A. appeal to B. adjust to C. lead to D. apply to
13.A. relief B. pressure C. absence D. safety
14.A. decreased B. varied C. remained D. topped
15.A. mind B. head C. brain D. heart
限时练21
A 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们发明了一种装置，利用创新的鳍状系统从稀薄的大气水中提取饮用水，以满足逐渐增长的用水需求。
1.C 推理判断题。由第一段中的“using an innovative fin-like system”和第二段中的“came up with a low-cost and compact system”可知，这个系统是具有创造性的且省钱的。
2.D 细节理解题。由第四段中的最后一句“在极端干旱的环境中，传统的大气水收集解决方案(如雾收集和露水收集)是不可行的，基于吸附的大气水收集有望生产饮用水。”可知，基于吸附的大气水收集是可行的。
3.C 细节理解题。由第五段第一句可知，现有的SAWH系统通常依赖太阳能，然而，不稳定的天气条件和低能量密度意味着它们不能满足人类的日常需求。由此可知，现有的系统利用太阳能所以很容易受不稳定的天气的影响，故C项正确。
4.A 标题归纳题。文章第一段第一句“科学家们发明了一种装置，可以使用一种创新的鳍状系统从稀薄的空气中提取饮用水”是文章主旨，故A项作为标题最合适。
B 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了谷歌支持的一个先进地热项目上周开始发电，这是在寻找技术方面迈出的一大步，该技术可以用无碳能源填补风能和太阳能发电的空白。
5.C 推理判断题。根据第三段“长期以来，地热技术一直被视为利用地球自然热能制造无碳电力的潜在途径。但传统上，它仅限于那些有天然地下热水湖的地方，这些地下热水湖很难得到。2021年，地热能占美国发电量的比例不到0.5%。”可知，地热能的问题是很难使用。故选C。
6.D 主旨大意题。根据第五段“在内华达州，该公司钻了两口井，深度约为8000英尺，然后将其水平延伸至3000多英尺。然后，Fervo在高压下注入冷水，使井间的岩石破裂，形成裂缝。然后，水被泵入第一口井，在流经裂缝时吸收热量，并在足够高的温度下通过第二口井返回地面，产生蒸汽并旋转发动机。”可知，第五段主要讲的是Fervo收集地热能的方法。故选D。
7.C 词义猜测题。第六段中的“Fervo had sought to apply advances in oil and gas drilling to geothermal technology. But finding financing to prove that the company’s technology worked was a challenge. Luckily for Fervo, Google had just started reconsidering it； approach to clean energy around the time when Fervo was looking to test its technology.(Fervo曾试图将石油和天然气钻探方面的进展应用于地热技术。但寻找资金来证明该公司的技术是可行的，这是一个挑战。对Fervo来说幸运的是，谷歌刚刚开始重新考虑；在Fervo想要测试自己的技术的时候，他们就开始尝试清洁能源。)”提到Fervo和谷歌这两家公司的技术上的互动和结合，由此可知，此处表示该项目体现了两家公司在气候方面雄心的融合。由此猜测画线词convergence意为“融合，结合”，和C项combination“联合，组合”意思一致。故选C。
8.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘对清洁、稳定的电力的需求非常迫切，尤其是现在，’Fervo的参谋长加布里埃尔·马雷克说。‘我们认识到地热项目对我们来说是一个可行的选择。实际上，它很有前途。’”可知，加布里埃尔·马雷克的话暗示了他对地热项目充满希望。故选B。
七选五
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人工智能定位技术如何改变研究人员追踪和监控野生动物的方式，使保护工作更加有力。这些系统利用先进的传感器、卫星图像和机器学习算法收集有关动物运动、栖息地偏好和迁徙模式的实时数据。
1.D 根据上文“Artificial Intelligence(AI) geolocation (人工智能地理定位技术) solutions are changing the way researchers track and monitor wildlife, enabling more powerful conservation efforts. (人工智能地理定位技术解决方案正在改变研究人员跟踪和监测野生动物的方式，使更有力的保护工作成为可能。)”可知，人工智能地理定位技术解决方案对野生动物保护有很大的帮助，D 选项“The solutions have offered the following key benefits to wildlife conservation. (这些解决方案为野生动物保护提供了以下关键好处。)”是对上文的总结，符合语境。故选D。
2.B 根据上文“Traditional tracking methods often rely on non-automatic tracking or inconvenient necklace-like systems, which may cause stress and discomfort to the animals.(传统的追踪方法通常依赖于非自动追踪或不方便的项链式系统，这可能会给动物带来压力和不适。)”可知，传统追踪方法会给动物带来压力和不适，B 选项“However, AI tracking does not require disturbing contact with the animals. (然而，人工智能追踪不需要与动物进行干扰性接触。)”与上文形成转折，符合语境。故选B。
3.A 根据上文“Through their assistance, scientists can gain insights into habitat choices and evaluate the effect of global warming on wild animal locations.(通过它们的帮助，科学家可以深入了解栖息地的选择，并评估全球变暖对野生动物的位置的影响。)”可知，人工智能地理定位技术解决方案可以帮助科学家评估全球变暖对野生动物的位置的影响，A 选项“This knowledge enables them to make accurate and efficient decisions. (这些知识使他们能够做出准确和有效的决定。)”是对上文的总结，符合语境。故选A。
4.G 根据下文“By monitoring animals’ behavioral changes in real time, researchers can quickly detect signs of environmental issues. Sudden changes in an animal’s movements could indicate threats or problems. Researchers can then respond immediately, potentially saving the animal’s life.(通过实时监测动物的行为变化，研究人员可以快速发现环境问题的迹象。动物运动的突然变化可能表明存在威胁或问题。研究人员可以立即做出反应，有可能挽救动物的生命。)”可知，人工智能地理定位技术解决方案可以实时监测动物的行为变化，对野生动物面临的风险起到预警作用，G 选项“With real-time data, the AI solutions also function as an early warning for wildlife risks. (通过实时数据，人工智能解决方案还可以作为野生动物风险的预警系统。)”符合语境。故选G。
5.E 根据上文“Sharing geolocation data through online platforms can also help raise awareness about protecting endangered species.(通过在线平台共享地理位置数据也有助于提高人们对保护濒危物种的认识。)”可知，共享地理位置数据有助于提高人们对保护濒危物种的认识，E 选项“Directly engaging with conservation efforts gives people a first-hand experience. (直接参与保护工作能让人们获得第一手经验。)”是对上文的进一步解释，符合语境。故选E。
完形填空
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了青少年常常忽略母亲的声音，而小时候则非常听话。文章解释了这一现象背后的原因：大脑为了适应不同成长阶段对外界的不同需求，在不同年龄段对不同人的声音反应的程度不同。
1.B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你是青少年，这很常见。rare “罕见的”； common “常见的”； impossible “不可能的”； strange “奇怪的”。根据上文“Do you always overlook your mom’s words when talking with your friends If you’re a teen”以及下文“Teenagers’ brains are more tuned in to strangers’ voices.”可知，你有时候在和朋友聊天的时候忽略你的妈妈吗 青少年的大脑对陌生人的声音更敏感，所以如果你是青少年，这是很常见的。故选B。
2.A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：新的研究或许可以解释为什么这么多的青少年不理会妈妈的声音。tune out “不理，对……无反应”； put up “悬挂，张贴”； show off “炫耀”； listen to “倾听”。上文“Do you always overlook your mom’s words when talking with your friends ”提到在和朋友聊天的时候忽略你的妈妈，由此可知，此处应表示新的研究或许可以解释为什么这么多的青少年不理会妈妈的声音。故选A。
3.B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但随着他们长大，一切都变了。matter “重要；要紧”； change “改变”； emerge “出现”； evolve “进化”。根据上文“Young kids’ brains are very tuned in to their mothers’ voices.”以及下文“Teenagers’ brains are more tuned in to strangers’ voices.”可知，上下文形成语意转折。由此可知，此处应表示随着他们长大，一切都变了。故选B。
4.A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种明显的转变通常发生在13岁到14岁之间。shift “转变”； action “行动”； evidence “证据”； ability “能力”。根据上文“But as they grow up, everything 3 .”可知，小孩子的大脑对母亲的声音很敏感。但随着他们长大，一切都变了。由此可知，此处应表示这种转变通常发生在13岁到14岁之间。故选A。
5.D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些词完全没有意义：teebudieshawlt, keebudieshawlt和peebudieshawlt。sensible “明智的”； regular “有规律的”； nonstop “不间断的”； meaningless “无意义的”。根据空后所举例子可知，这些词都是没有意义的。故选D。
6.C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他们听时，他们大脑的某些部分变得活跃起来。rigid “死板的”； numb “麻木的”； active “积极的”； calm “冷静的”。根据上文“Young kids’ brains are very tuned in to their mothers’ voices.”可知，小孩子的大脑对母亲的声音很敏感。所以当给小孩们听母亲或陌生女性的讲话时，他们大脑的某些部分变得活跃起来。故选C。
7.D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在帮助我们集中注意力和探索如何获得奖励的大脑区域尤其是如此。design “设计”； claim “声称”； inspect “检查”； explore “探索”。根据句意以及上文“This was especially true in brain regions that help us to pay attention”可知，此处应表示在我们集中注意力和探索如何获得奖励的大脑区域尤其是如此。故选D。
8.A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：青少年大脑中的这些区域并没有停止对妈妈作出反应。respond to “对……作出反应”； keep out “挡在外面”； turn down “拒绝”； work with “与……共事”。根据下文“However, mothers’ voices still have special power, especially in times of 13 .”可知，母亲的声音仍然具有特殊的力量，尤其是在压力大的时候，所以青少年大脑中的这些区域并没有停止对妈妈作出反应。故选A。
9.C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着孩子的成熟，他们的生存越来越不依赖于母亲的支持。advance “前进”； struggle “挣扎”； mature “成熟”； shrink “减少”。根据下文“their survival depends less and less on maternal (母亲的) support”可知，随着我们的成熟，我们的生存越来越不依赖于妈妈的支持。故选C。
10.D 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他们越来越依赖于同龄人——朋友和其他与自己年龄相近的人。otherwise “否则”； therefore “因此”； besides “此外”； instead “而不是”。根据下文“they rely more and more on their 11 —friends and others closer to their own age”可知，随着年龄增长，我们越来越依赖的是朋友和其他与自己年龄相近的人，此处与前文构成转折关系。故选D。
11.C 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。competitor “竞争者”； stranger “陌生人”； peer “同龄人”； relative “亲戚”。根据下文“friends and others closer to their own age”可知，随着年龄增长，我们越来越依赖的是同龄人——朋友和其他与自己年龄相近的人。故选C。
12.B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：大脑似乎在适应青春期带来的新需求。appeal to “呼吁”； adjust to “调整，适应”； lead to “导致”； apply to “适用于”。根据下文的“new needs that come with adolescence”可知，对于青春期带来的新需求，大脑似乎在适应。故选B。
13.B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，母亲的声音仍然具有特殊的力量，尤其是在压力大的时候。relief “宽慰”； pressure “压力”； absence “缺席”； safety “安全”。根据下文“Studies also showed that levels of stress hormones (荷尔蒙) 14 when stressed-out girls heard their moms’ voices on the phone.”可知，当压力过大的女孩在电话里听到妈妈的声音时，她们的应激激素水平会下降，所以母亲的声音仍然具有特殊的力量，尤其是在压力大的时候。故选B。
14.A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究还表明，当压力过大的女孩在电话里听到妈妈的声音时，她们的应激激素水平会下降。decrease “下降”； vary “变化”； remain “保留，留下”； top “高于，超过”。根据上文“mothers’ voices still have special power, especially in times of 13 ”可知，母亲的声音仍然具有特殊的力量，尤其是在压力大的时候，当压力过大的女孩在电话里听到妈妈的声音时，她们的应激激素水平会下降。故选A。
15.C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是大脑的运作方式，这是有原因的。mind “心智”； head “头”； brain “大脑”； heart “心脏”。根据上文“Young kids’ brains are very tuned in to their mothers’ voices. But as they grow up, everything 3 . Teenagers’ brains are more tuned in to strangers’ voices.”可知，因为儿童时期需要依赖母亲的支持，所以儿童时期的大脑很听妈妈的话；到了青春期，由于有新的需求，于是大脑对不熟悉的声音更加关注，这是大脑连接的方式。故选C。 (共87张PPT)
限时练21
选择性必修第一册 UNIT 2(A组)
阅读A (外刊原味) 体裁：说明文 主题语境：现代技术
难度：★★ ☆☆ | The Independent
Scientists have invented a device that can extract drinking water from thin air using an innovative fin-like system. The device could help meet the growing global demand for potable water by harvesting the trillions of litres of fresh water in the Earth’s atmosphere.
A team from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the US came up with a low-cost and compact system that uses an approach referred toas sorption-based atmospheric water harvesting (SAWH), which
makes use of water-absorbent “fins” to collect water.
“About two-thirds of the global population is suffering from water scarcity, and it is estimated that about 40 per cent of the global annual water demand will not be met by 2030, posing further challenges to public health, and agriculture，” the researchers noted in a study detailing the technology.
“There is about 1，300 trillion litres of fresh water in the atmosphere that could be readily harvested without relying on the existing liquid water supply. Sorption-based atmospheric water harvesting promises potable
water production in extreme dry environments where conventional atmospheric water harvesting solutions such as fog harvesting and dewing are impracticable.”
Existing SAWH systems typically rely on solar power, however, inconsistent weather conditions and low energy density mean they are unsuitable for meeting daily human needs.The new device leverages (充分利用) waste heat to meet this demand in what the scientists claim is a low-cost and high-performance solution.
Calculations based on a working prototype of the system suggest that 1 litre of absorbent coating on the fins could produce up to 1.3 litres of potable water per day in air with 30 per cent relative humidity—a volume two to five times greater than previously developed systems.
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们发明了一种装置，利用创新的鳍状系统从稀薄的大气水中提取饮用水，以满足逐渐增长的用水需求。
1.Which of the following words can best describe the system
A. Influential and effective. B. Revolutionary and profitable.
C. Creative and budget. D. Economical and unique.
C 推理判断题。由第一段中的“using an innovative fin-like system”和第二段中的“came up with a low-cost and compact system”可知，这个系统是具有创造性的且省钱的。
答案与解析
2.What method is workable in extreme dry environments
A. Fog harvesting.
B. Conventional water harvesting.
C. Dewing.
D. Sorption-based atmospheric water harvesting.
D 细节理解题。由第四段中的最后一句“在极端干旱的环境中，传统的大气水收集解决方案(如雾收集和露水收集)是不可行的，基于吸附的大气水收集有望生产饮用水。”可知，基于吸附的大气水收集是可行的。
答案与解析
3.Why are the current systems inappropriate for meeting daily demand for water
A. There is no sufficient heat to power them.
B. They can not be powered by waste heat.
C. They use solar power easily affected by unstable weather.
D. They fail to work in changeable weather.
C 细节理解题。由第五段第一句可知，现有的SAWH系统通常依赖太阳能，然而，不稳定的天气条件和低能量密度意味着它们不能满足人类的日常需求。由此可知，现有的系统利用太阳能所以很容易受不稳定的天气的影响，故C项正确。
答案与解析
4.Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text
A. Drinking Water Harvested from Thin Air
B. Potable Water Stolen from the Sky
C. Fin-like Device Filtering Drinking Water
D. Fresh Water Obtained from the Atmosphere
A 标题归纳题。文章第一段第一句“科学家们发明了一种装置，可以使用一种创新的鳍状系统从稀薄的空气中提取饮用水”是文章主旨，故A项作为标题最合适。
答案与解析
阅读B 体裁：说明文 主题语境：技术创新 难度：★★★☆☆
American companies have learned to love renewable resources. Now, they are beginning to get involved in next-generation climate solutions.
An advanced geothermal (地热的) project supported by Google began generating electricity last week, a big step in seeking for technology that can affordably fill gaps in wind and solar generation with carbon-free power. The pilot project in northern Nevada uses drilling and fracking (水力压裂法) techniques employed by the oil and gas industry to get heat from Earth to generate power.
Geothermal technology has long been viewed as a potential way to tap the natural heat of Earth to make carbon-free power. But it has traditionally been limited to locations where there are natural underground lakes of hot water, which are hard to access. In 2021, geothermal energy accounted for less than half a percent of America’s power generation.
Fervo Energy, a Houston-based startup gives an answer—to use drilling and fracking techniques.
In Nevada, the company drilled two wells to a depth of about 8，000 feet and then extended them horizontally (水平地) for more than 3，000
feet. Then Fervo injected (注入) cold water under high pressure to cause the rock between the wells to be fracked, creating fractures(裂缝). Water is then pumped into the first well, absorbing heat as it flows through the fractures and returning to the surface via the second well at temperatures high enough to make steam and spin an engine.
The project represents a convergence of two companies’ climate ambitions. Fervo had sought to apply advances in oil and gas drilling to geothermal technology. But finding financing to prove that the company’s technology worked was a challenge. Luckily for Fervo, Google had just
started reconsidering its approach to clean energy around the time when Fervo was looking to test its technology.
“The demand for clean, firm power is so urgent, especially now，” said Gabriel Malek, chief of staff at Fervo. “And we’re recognizing that the geothermal project is one workable option available to us. It is promising, actually.”
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了谷歌支持的一个先进地热项目上周开始发电，这是在寻找技术方面迈出的一大步，该技术可以用无碳能源填补风能和太阳能发电的空白。
5.What is the problem with geothermal energy
A. It is in little demand.
B. It still produces CO2.
C. It is not easy to employ.
D. It is rarely seen on Earth.
C 推理判断题。根据第三段“长期以来，地热技术一直被视为利用地球自然热能制造无碳电力的潜在途径。但传统上，它仅限于那些有天然地下热水湖的地方，这些地下热水湖很难得到。2021年，地热能占美国发电量的比例不到0.5%。”可知，地热能的问题是很难使用。故选C。
答案与解析
6.What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A. How drilling and fracking techniques come.
B. How natural heat on Earth comes into being.
C. Fervo’s solution to pollution caused by energy.
D. Fervo’s approach to harvesting geothermal energy.
D 主旨大意题。根据第五段“在内华达州，该公司钻了两口井，深度约为8000英尺，然后将其水平延伸至3000多英尺。然后，Fervo在高压下注入冷水，使井间的岩石破裂，形成裂缝。然后，水被泵入第一口井，在流经裂缝时吸收热量，并在足够高的温度下通过第二口井返回地面，产生蒸汽并旋转发动机。”可知，第五段主要讲的是Fervo收集地热能的方法。故选D。
答案与解析
7.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “convergence” in paragraph 6
A. Source. B. Barrier. C. Combination. D. Shift.
C 词义猜测题。第六段中的“Fervo had sought to apply advances in oil and gas drilling to geothermal technology. But finding financing to prove that the company’s technology worked was a challenge. Luckily for Fervo, Google had just started reconsidering it； approach to clean energy around the time when Fervo was looking to test its technology.
答案与解析
(Fervo曾试图将石油和天然气钻探方面的进展应用于地热技术。但寻找资金来证明该公司的技术是可行的，这是一个挑战。对Fervo来说幸运的是，谷歌刚刚开始重新考虑；在Fervo想要测试自己的技术的时候，他们就开始尝试清洁能源。)”提到Fervo和谷歌这两家公司的技术上的互动和结合，由此可知，此处表示该项目体现了两家公司在气候方面雄心的融合。由此猜测画线词convergence意为“融合，结合”，和C项combination“联合，组合”意思一致。故选C。
答案与解析
8.What do Gabriel Malek’s words suggest
A. His company has self-funded the project.
B. He is hopeful about the geothermal project.
C. He promises to provide clean power for free.
D. His company cooperates with many businesses.
B 推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘对清洁、稳定的电力的需求非常迫切，尤其是现在，’Fervo的参谋长加布里埃尔·马雷克说。‘我们认识到地热项目对我们来说是一个可行的选择。实际上，它很有前途。’”可知，加布里埃尔·马雷克的话暗示了他对地热项目充满希望。故选B。
答案与解析
阅读C 体裁：记叙文 主题语境：优秀品行 难度：★★★☆☆
(阅读C、D)
Years ago, we were living in a big nice house and I was going to the best elementary school in the city with my siblings. We had everything we could have wished for and we were still asking for more.
Mr Sanchez used to mow our lawns. He was very hardworking. Often, he would bring his son that was my age. He had modest toys and modest clothes and he had a hard time fitting in with us mainly because I was too proud to consider him my equal. His name was Gabriel and he was a smart boy, despite all his “shortcomings”.
Days went by and we spent our time around each other but without any close connection. Fast forward to a couple of years and my father’s business hit the rock bottom. His partner took away all the money and left the country. Soon we had to leave our big house and settle into a small one and we were having a hard time meeting other expenses.
Mr Sanchez was very kind during that time. He and Gabriel came once a week and helped me and my siblings get things in order. That was when Gabriel and I became good friends. We started talking in the evenings when I learnt he was going to start college and he was much smarter than me.
Later we came up with a business plan and founded a start-up. I felt no shame in confessing that Gabriel was much more instrumental in the rise of our company.
Later, all of my father’s debt was paid off and we were again a happy, prosperous family. I was a truly rich man because I had a great friend by my side for my whole life.
This experience was a valuable lesson for me. It does not take a life experience for people to go from rags to riches or the other way around. What is important is someone’s person and behavior toward his other fellows in real life.
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从富裕到贫困再到重新崛起的经历，以及在这个过程中作者和为他家修剪草坪的桑切斯先生的儿子 Gabriel成为一生的朋友的故事。文章强调了人品和行为的重要性。
9.What happened to the author’s family in his early years
A. Life expenses went up unexpectedly.
B. A financial breakdown hit his family.
C. Their house was illegally taken away.
D. They lost close connection with others.
B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Days went by and we spent our time around each other but without any close connection. Fast forward to a couple of years and my father’s business hit the rock bottom. His partner took away all the money and left the country. (日子一天天过去，我们在一起，但没有任何密切的联系。很快到几年后，我父亲的生意跌至谷底。他的合伙人拿走了所有的钱，离开了这个国家。)”可知，早年，作者的家庭遭遇了经济崩溃。故选B。
答案与解析
10.What changed the author’s attitude towards Gabriel
A. Their partnership in business.
B. The proof of Gabriel’s capability.
C. The change of his living conditions.
D. The consistent help from Gabriel.
D 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Mr Sanchez was very kind during that time. He and Gabriel came once a week and helped me and my siblings get things in order. That was when Gabriel and I became good friends. (桑切斯先生在那段时间非常善良。他和 Gabriel每周来一次，帮我和我的兄弟姐妹把事情安排妥当。就在那时, Gabriel和我成了好朋友。)”可知, Gabriel的不断帮助改变了作者对他的态度。故选D。
答案与解析
11.Which of the following words best describe Gabriel
A. Intelligent and loyal.
B. Persistent and ambitious.
C. Introverted but generous.
D. Hardworking but modest.
A 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“His name was Gabriel and he was a smart boy, despite all his ‘shortcomings’. (他的名字叫 Gabriel,尽管他有‘缺点’，但他是个聪明的男孩。)”可知, Gabriel是一个聪明的孩子；再根据第五段“后来我们想出了一个商业计划，成立了一家初创公司。我毫不羞愧地承认，Gabriel在我们公司的崛起中发挥了更大的作用。”可知，Gabriel一直陪伴在作者身旁奋斗，所以是一个忠诚的人。故选A。
答案与解析
12.What can we learn from this passage
A. Like father, like son.
B. Birds of a feather flock together.
C. Where there is a will, there is a way.
D. Never judge a book by its cover.
D 推理判断题。根据最后一段“这段经历对我来说是一个宝贵的教训。人们从赤贫到富裕或相反，不需要生活经验。重要的是一个人的人品和在现实生活中对其他人的态度。”以及上文可知，文章主要讲作者改变对 Gabriel的看法，最后成为好朋友的故事，所以D项“Never judge a book by its cover. (切勿以貌取人。)”符合语境。故选D。
答案与解析
阅读D 体裁：说明文 主题语境：科学研究 难度：★★★☆☆
When I first aspired to become a science writer, I imagined each day would be filled with inspiration and creativity. The reality, of course, is far less enjoyable than my fantasies. Researching a story, for example, often involves reading lots of dry and technical papers before I finally strike gold with the information that I seek.
Most professions, I imagine, include challenging but necessary tasks that sap enthusiasm. But a recent paper from Edward Lai at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University and his colleagues may offer us all a way to boost our motivation. It is called the “easy addendum effect”, and, as the name suggests, it involves ending each work session with a more pleasant task that will be relatively straightforward to complete.
The strategy was inspired by a phenomenon known as the “peak-end rule”, which means we often judge events by the way they finish, rather than the overall experience. In one experiment, Daniel Kahneman and his colleagues asked participants to plunge their hands into water at unpleasantly cold temperatures, the first group simply in 14 ℃ water for 60 seconds, while the second one were given a further 30 seconds in water at 15 ℃. Surprisingly, most preferred the second option. It seems their memory of the experiment only focused on the last moments, which was slightly more pleasant in the 90-second set-up.
The research suggests that our impressions of work fall prey to the same preference—and we can use that to our advantage. Lai’s team gave participants a series of dull tasks—from flexing their muscles against heavy weights to sorting books into alphabetical order or answering customer complaints. In each case, participants performed the tasks with or without an “easy addendum” attached to the end of the job. Those testing their strength were given a few extra rounds of lighter weights while those answering customer queries with some more straightforward requests.
Much like the ice-bath experiments, there was no logical reason why loading on additional work to an existing task should make it more pleasant overall. But the researchers found that the “easy addendums” significantly reduced the anticipated difficulty and increased participants’ satisfaction with their jobs.
Since learning about Lai’s research, I have tried applying this strategy to my own work. Writing is still my favourite part of the job, and this article was a pleasant addendum to an otherwise demanding day of research for another one. By putting these words on the page, I feel far more energised about the work behind me—and readier to enjoy the evening ahead.
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种名为“简单附录效应”的心理现象。
13.Which is the author’s initial aspiration as a science writer
A. To enjoy a challenging and enjoyable career.
B. To have a daily routine filled with creativity.
C. To conduct research and write technical papers.
D. To strike gold with every story they research.
B 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“When I first aspired to become a science writer, I imagined each day would be filled with inspiration and creativity. (当我最初渴望成为一名科学作家时，我想象每天都会充满灵感和创造力。)”可知，作者最初的愿望是作为一名科学作家，每天都能充满灵感和创造力，故选B。
答案与解析
14.What does the underlined word “sap” mean in paragraph 2
A. Weaken. B. Boost.
C. Inspire. D. Refuse.
A 词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句“Most professions, I imagine, include challenging but necessary tasks that sap enthusiasm. (我想，大多数职业都包含有挑战性但必要的任务，这些任务会sap热情。)”可知，大多数职业都包含有挑战性但必要的任务，这些任务会对
答案与解析
热情有影响。再根据第二段第二句“But a recent paper from Edward Lai at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University and his colleagues may offer us all a way to boost our motivation. (但是香港理工大学的Edward Lai及其同事最近发表的一篇论文或许可以为我们所有人提供一种提升动力的方法)”可知，下文接着上文的话题，提到了提升动力的方法，因此可推断出画线词的意思是“削弱”，故选A。
答案与解析
15.What can we infer from “the ice-bath experiments”
A. Participants could not bear 14 ℃ longer than those could in 15 ℃.
B. Participants were unwilling to be loaded on additional work.
C. Participants usually cared more about the end of events.
D. Participants performed the tasks with an “easy addendum”.
C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“In one experiment, Daniel Kahneman and his colleagues asked participants to plunge their hands into water at unpleasantly cold temperatures, the first group simply in 14 ℃ water for 60 seconds, while the second one were given a further 30 seconds in water at 15 ℃. Surprisingly, most preferred the second option. It seems their memory of the experiment only focused on the last moments, which was slightly more pleasant in the 90-second set-
答案与解析
up. (在一项实验中，丹尼尔·卡内曼和他的同事们要求参与者将他们的手浸入令人讨厌的低温水中，第一组只是在14 ℃的水中浸泡60秒，而第二组则在15 ℃的水中再浸泡30秒。令人惊讶的是，大多数人更倾向于第二种选择。他们对实验的记忆似乎只集中在最后的时刻，这在90秒的设置中稍微愉快一些)”可知，在冰浴实验中，参与者通常更关心事件的结局。故选C。
答案与解析
16.What message does the author seem to convey in the text
A. No man is content if he or she is given more work.
B. “Easy addendum” can reduce difficulties in jobs.
C. One’s pleasure comes through suffering in jobs.
D. “Easy addendum” can increase job satisfaction.
D 推理判断题。根据第五段第二句“But the researchers found that the ‘easy addendums’ significantly reduced the anticipated difficulty and increased participants’ satisfaction with their jobs. (但研究人员发现，‘简单附录’显著降低了预期的难度，提高了参与者对工作的满意度。)”可知，作者似乎在文章中传达了“简单附录”可以提高工作满意度的信息。故选D。
答案与解析
七选五 体裁：说明文 主题语境：人工智能 难度：★★★☆☆
Artificial Intelligence (AI) geolocation (人工智能地理定位技术) solutions are changing the way researchers track and monitor wildlife, enabling more powerful conservation efforts. These systems use advanced sensors, satellite imagery, and machine learning algorithms (算法) to gather real-time data on animal movements, habitat preferences, and migration patterns. 1
Traditional tracking methods often rely on non-automatic tracking or inconvenient necklace-like systems, which may cause stress and discomfort
to the animals. 2 The devices can work as tags and the camera traps can be set up remotely, which decreases human impact on wildlife.
In addition, AI-powered devices collect and analyze data precisely. Through their assistance, scientists can gain insights into habitat choices and evaluate the effect of global warming on wild animal locations. 3 For example, by analyzing the collected data, conservationists can promote targeted habitat restoration efforts according to the patterns and connections they discovered with the help of AI geolocation devices.
4 By monitoring animals’ behavioral changes in real time, researchers can quickly detect signs of environmental issues. Sudden changes in an animal’s movements could indicate threats or problems. Researchers can then respond immediately, potentially saving the animal’s life.
Sharing geolocation data through online platforms can also help raise awareness about protecting endangered species. 5 This helps them feel more connected to the issues wildlife faces in habitats. The bond promotes a sense of responsibility among individuals and encourages
them to contribute to wildlife conservation efforts through various means, such as donations, volunteer work, and so on.
A. This knowledge enables them to make accurate and efficient decisions.
B. However, AI tracking does not require disturbing contact with the animals.
C. AI monitoring needs fewer battery replacements than the traditional methods.
D. The solutions have offered the following key benefits to wildlife conservation.
E. Directly engaging with conservation efforts gives people a first-hand experience.
F. The AI geolocation technology significantly reduces the need for massive fieldwork.
G. With real-time data, the AI solutions also function as an early warning for wildlife risks.
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人工智能定位技术如何改变研究人员追踪和监控野生动物的方式，使保护工作更加有力。这些系统利用先进的传感器、卫星图像和机器学习算法收集有关动物运动、栖息地偏好和迁徙模式的实时数据。
1.D 根据上文“Artificial Intelligence(AI) geolocation (人工智能地理定位技术) solutions are changing the way researchers track and monitor wildlife, enabling more powerful conservation efforts. (人工
答案与解析
智能地理定位技术解决方案正在改变研究人员跟踪和监测野生动物的方式，使更有力的保护工作成为可能。)”可知，人工智能地理定位技术解决方案对野生动物保护有很大的帮助，D 选项“The solutions have offered the following key benefits to wildlife conservation. (这些解决方案为野生动物保护提供了以下关键好处。)”是对上文的总结，符合语境。故选D。
答案与解析
2.B 根据上文“Traditional tracking methods often rely on non-automatic tracking or inconvenient necklace-like systems, which may cause stress and discomfort to the animals.(传统的追踪方法通常依赖于非自动追踪或不方便的项链式系统，这可能会给动物带来压力和不适。)”可知，传统追踪方法会给动物带来压力和不适，B 选项“However, AI tracking does not require disturbing contact with the animals. (然而，人工智能追踪不需要与动物进行干扰性接触。)”与上文形成转折，符合语境。故选B。
答案与解析
3.A 根据上文“Through their assistance, scientists can gain insights into habitat choices and evaluate the effect of global warming on wild animal locations.(通过它们的帮助，科学家可以深入了解栖息地的选择，并评估全球变暖对野生动物的位置的影响。)”可知，人工智能地理定位技术解决方案可以帮助科学家评估全球变暖对野生动物的位置的影响，A 选项“This knowledge enables them to make accurate and efficient decisions. (这些知识使他们能够做出准确和有效的决定。)”是对上文的总结，符合语境。故选A。
答案与解析
4.G 根据下文“By monitoring animals’ behavioral changes in real time, researchers can quickly detect signs of environmental issues. Sudden changes in an animal’s movements could indicate threats or problems. Researchers can then respond immediately, potentially saving the animal’s life.(通过实时监测动物的行为变化，研究人员可以快速发现环境问题的迹象。动物运动的突然变化可能表明存在威胁或问题。研究人员可以立即做出反应，有可能挽救动物的
答案与解析
生命。)”可知，人工智能地理定位技术解决方案可以实时监测动物的行为变化，对野生动物面临的风险起到预警作用，G 选项“With real-time data, the AI solutions also function as an early warning for wildlife risks. (通过实时数据，人工智能解决方案还可以作为野生动物风险的预警系统。)”符合语境。故选G。
答案与解析
5.E 根据上文“Sharing geolocation data through online platforms can also help raise awareness about protecting endangered species.(通过在线平台共享地理位置数据也有助于提高人们对保护濒危物种的认识。)”可知，共享地理位置数据有助于提高人们对保护濒危物种的认识，E 选项“Directly engaging with conservation efforts gives people a first-hand experience. (直接参与保护工作能让人们获得第一手经验。)”是对上文的进一步解释，符合语境。故选E。
答案与解析
完形填空 (2025·合肥模拟) 体裁：说明文 主题语境：科普知识 难度：★★★☆☆
Do you always overlook your mom’s words when talking with your friends If you’re a teen, that’s fairly 1 . And new researches may explain why so many adolescents 2 their mom’s voices.
Young kids’ brains are very tuned in to their mothers’ voices. But as they grow up, everything 3 . Teenagers’ brains are more tuned in to strangers’ voices. This obvious 4 usually happens between ages 13 and 14. That’s when teenagers are in the course of puberty (青春期), a
roughly decade-long transition into adulthood.
Researchers scanned the brains of 7 to 16-year-olds as they listened to things said by their mothers or by unfamiliar women. The words were purely 5 : teebudieshawlt, keebudieshawlt and peebudieshawlt. As they listened, certain parts of their brains became 6 . This was especially true in brain regions that help us to pay attention and 7 how to obtain rewards. That’s exactly as it should be. The experiments show that those parts of their brains react more strongly to the unfamiliar voices than to their mothers’.
These areas in the adolescent brains don’t stop 8 mom. It’s just that unfamiliar voices become more rewarding and worthy of attention. As kids 9 , their survival depends less and less on maternal (母亲的) support. 10 , they rely more and more on their 11 —friends and others closer to their own age. So the brains need to begin paying more attention to that wider world. The brain seems to 12 new needs that come with adolescence.
However, mothers’ voices still have special power, especially in times of 13 . Studies also showed that levels of stress hormones (荷尔
蒙) 14 when stressed-out girls heard their moms’ voices on the phone.
So while both teens and their parents sometimes feel frustrated by missed messages, that’s okay. That’s the way the 15 functions, and there’s a good reason for it.
1.A. rare B. common C. impossible D. strange
2.A. tune out B. put up C. show off D. listen to
3.A. matters B. changes C. emerges D. evolves
4.A. shift B. action C. evidence D. ability
5.A. sensible B. regular C. nonstop D. meaningless
6.A. rigid B. numb C. active D. calm
7.A. design B. claim C. inspect D. explore
8.A. responding to B. keeping out C. turning down D. working with
9.A. advance B. struggle C. mature D. shrink
10.A. Otherwise B. Therefore C. Besides D. Instead
11.A. competitors B. strangers C. peers D. relatives
12.A. appeal to B. adjust to C. lead to D. apply to
13.A. relief B. pressure C. absence D. safety
14.A. decreased B. varied C. remained D. topped
15.A. mind B. head C. brain D. heart
答案与解析
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了青少年常常忽略母亲的声音，而小时候则非常听话。文章解释了这一现象背后的原因：大脑为了适应不同成长阶段对外界的不同需求，在不同年龄段对不同人的声音反应的程度不同。
1.B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你是青少年，这很常见。rare “罕见的”； common “常见的”； impossible “不可能的”； strange “奇怪的”。根据上文“Do you always overlook your mom’s words when talking with your friends If you’re a teen”以及下文“Teenagers’ brains are more tuned in to strangers’ voices.”可知，你有时候在和朋友聊天的时候忽略你的妈妈吗 青少年的大脑对陌生人的声音更敏感，所以如果你是青少年，这是很常见的。故选B。
答案与解析
2.A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：新的研究或许可以解释为什么这么多的青少年不理会妈妈的声音。tune out “不理，对……无反 应”； put up “悬挂，张贴”； show off “炫耀”； listen to “倾听”。上文“Do you always overlook your mom’s words when talking with your friends ”提到在和朋友聊天的时候忽略你的妈妈，由此可 知，此处应表示新的研究或许可以解释为什么这么多的青少年不理会妈妈的声音。故选A。
答案与解析
3.B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但随着他们长大，一切都变了。matter “重要；要紧”； change “改变”； emerge “出现”； evolve “进化”。根据上文“Young kids’ brains are very tuned in to their mothers’ voices.”以及下文“Teenagers’ brains are more tuned in to strangers’ voices.”可知，上下文形成语意转折。由此可知，此处应表示随着他们长大，一切都变了。故选B。
答案与解析
4.A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种明显的转变通常发生在13岁到14岁之间。shift “转变”； action “行动”； evidence “证据”； ability “能力”。根据上文“But as they grow up, everything 3 .”可知，小孩子的大脑对母亲的声音很敏感。但随着他们长大，一切都变了。由此可知，此处应表示这种转变通常发生在13岁到14岁之间。故选A。
答案与解析
5.D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些词完全没有意义：teebudieshawlt, keebudieshawlt和peebudieshawlt。sensible “明智 的”； regular “有规律的”； nonstop “不间断的”； meaningless “无意义的”。根据空后所举例子可知，这些词都是没有意义的。故 选D。
答案与解析
6.C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他们听时，他们大脑的某些部分变得活跃起来。rigid “死板的”； numb “麻木的”； active “积极的”； calm “冷静的”。根据上文“Young kids’ brains are very tuned in to their mothers’ voices.”可知，小孩子的大脑对母亲的声音很敏感。所以当给小孩们听母亲或陌生女性的讲话时，他们大脑的某些部分变得活跃起来。故选C。
答案与解析
7.D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在帮助我们集中注意力和探索如何获得奖励的大脑区域尤其是如此。design “设计”； claim “声 称”； inspect “检查”； explore “探索”。根据句意以及上文“This was especially true in brain regions that help us to pay attention”可 知，此处应表示在我们集中注意力和探索如何获得奖励的大脑区域尤其是如此。故选D。
答案与解析
8.A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：青少年大脑中的这些区域并没有停止对妈妈作出反应。respond to “对……作出反应”； keep out “挡在外面”； turn down “拒绝”； work with “与……共事”。根据下文“However, mothers’ voices still have special power, especially in times of 13 .”可知，母亲的声音仍然具有特殊的力量，尤其是在压力大的时候，所以青少年大脑中的这些区域并没有停止对妈妈作出反应。故选A。
答案与解析
9.C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着孩子的成熟，他们的生存越来越不依赖于母亲的支持。advance “前进”； struggle “挣扎”； mature “成熟”； shrink “减少”。根据下文“their survival depends less and less on maternal (母亲的) support”可知，随着我们的成熟，我们的生存越来越不依赖于妈妈的支持。故选C。
答案与解析
10.D 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他们越来越依赖于同龄人——朋友和其他与自己年龄相近的人。otherwise “否则”； therefore “因此”； besides “此外”； instead “而不是”。根据下文“they rely more and more on their 11 —friends and others closer to their own age”可知，随着年龄增长，我们越来越依赖的是朋友和其他与自己年龄相近的人，此处与前文构成转折关系。故选D。
答案与解析
11.C 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。competitor “竞争者”； stranger “陌生人”； peer “同龄人”； relative “亲戚”。根据下文“friends and others closer to their own age”可知，随着年龄增长，我们越来越依赖的是同龄人——朋友和其他与自己年龄相近的人。故选C。
答案与解析
12.B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：大脑似乎在适应青春期带来的新需求。appeal to “呼吁”； adjust to “调整，适应”； lead to “导 致”； apply to “适用于”。根据下文的“new needs that come with adolescence”可知，对于青春期带来的新需求，大脑似乎在适应。故选B。
答案与解析
13.B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，母亲的声音仍然具有特殊的力量，尤其是在压力大的时候。relief “宽慰”； pressure “压 力”； absence “缺席”； safety “安全”。根据下文“Studies also showed that levels of stress hormones (荷尔蒙) 14 when stressed-out girls heard their moms’ voices on the phone.”可知，当压力过大的女孩在电话里听到妈妈的声音时，她们的应激激素水平会下降，所以母亲的声音仍然具有特殊的力量，尤其是在压力大的时候。故选B。
答案与解析
14.A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究还表明，当压力过大的女孩在电话里听到妈妈的声音时，她们的应激激素水平会下降。decrease “下降”； vary “变化”； remain “保留，留下”； top “高 于，超过”。根据上文“mothers’ voices still have special power, especially in times of 13 ”可知，母亲的声音仍然具有特殊的力量，尤其是在压力大的时候，当压力过大的女孩在电话里听到妈妈的声音时，她们的应激激素水平会下降。故选A。
答案与解析
15.C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是大脑的运作方式，这是有原因的。mind “心智”； head “头”； brain “大脑”； heart “心 脏”。根据上文“Young kids’ brains are very tuned in to their mothers’ voices. But as they grow up, everything 3 . Teenagers’ brains are more tuned in to strangers’ voices.”可知，因为儿童时期需要依赖母亲的支持，所以儿童时期的大脑很听妈妈的话；到了青春期，由于有新的需求，于是大脑对不熟悉的声音更加关注，这是大脑连接的方式。故选C。
答案与解析限时练22 选择性必修第一册 UNIT 2(B组)
语法填空(外刊原味)体裁:说明文主题语境:文化包容和文明借鉴难度:★★★☆☆ | Scientific American
Scroll through Instagram for long enough and you’ll likely find someone scraping, brushing or massaging their skin in pursuit of 1.__________ (good) health or an enhanced appearance.
Gua sha, in which you scrape a stone or metal tool along the contours (轮廓) of your face; body scraping, which is a full-body version of gua sha that 2.__________ (use) similar tools; and jade rolling, in which you roll a rounded stone tool over your face, are techniques 3.__________ (intend) to physically push, or drain, lymphatic (淋巴的) fluid toward the lymph nodes (结节), where it is filtered and then moved back into the bloodstream.
4.__________ (reference) to lymph in traditional Chinese medicine go back 2,000 years, said Yumi Ridsdale, a Chinese medicine practitioner in Ontario, Canada. “They of course didn’t use the words ‘lymphatic’ system; they didn’t have such 5.__________ word,” but traditional Chinese medicine 6.__________ (emphasize) the importance of lymph circulation.
Massaging your lymph can help restimulate 7.__________ (it) flow and prevent a feeling of “bodily congestion (堵塞)”, said Dr Mellisa Ventimiglia, an 8.__________ (assist) professor of family medicine—especially after sleeping or 9.__________ (sit) for long periods of time. You may also notice immediate changes to your skin and face—a reduction 10.__________ puffiness (虚肿) or a more sculpted look—with gua sha, Ms Ridsdale said, though these effects only last a few hours.
应用文写作 (活动介绍类短文)
假如你是李华,你校上个月举行了“科技周 (Tech Week)”活动,请用英语写一则活动介绍,向学校校报投稿。内容包括:1.活动简介(过程、目的等);2.活动感受。
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;2.请在相应位置作答。
读后续写 (挑战自我)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In a small Chinese village, a young girl named Mei lived with a deep love for painting. Her artworks, filled with lively colors, caught the beauty of her surroundings. Despite her talent, Mei often battled with self-doubt. She wondered if her skills were truly excellent or if she was just fortunate.
One day, Mei heard about a painting contest in the town called the “Sunlit Art Challenge”. Determined to prove herself and remove the doubts, Mei quickly signed up for it. The contest stirred a mix of excitement and nervousness in her. Mei spent countless hours perfecting her painting technique, pouring her heart and soul into her works.
For the contest, Mei painted a beautiful sunrise over the sea. The sun just started to rise above the horizon (地平线), its bright light beginning to shine over the ocean. The sun’s rays looked like golden light, spreading across the water and making it shine like a giant mirror. As the sun rose higher, it looked like a bright ball of fire, warming the sea and making the waves shine brightly. The sky changed colors too, from a soft blue to bright oranges, pinks and reds. It was like watching the day begin right there on her canvas (画布). Mei’s painting captured the peaceful yet lively scene of the sun’s first rays touching the vast ocean, symbolizing hope.
On the day of the contest, the village square was filled with excitement. Artists from near and far displayed their works. Mei set up her painting, feeling both proud and anxious. As the judges evaluated (评估) Mei’s painting, her heart raced with nervousness. Since their expressions were hard to read, Mei felt like her doubts that she wasn’t as good as she hoped were right.
When the host started to announce the winners, Mei listened with hope and curiosity. But sadly her name wasn’t called. Disappointment washed over her, and she forced a smile, applauding (鼓掌) the winners. After the contest, Mei felt disheartened. She thought her painting had failed to impress anyone, and she lost her motivation to lift her brush. At that time, Mr Zhang, a villager, approached Mei.
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请在相应位置作答。
Mr Zhang told Mei that Mei’s painting was excellent and moved him.
Mr Zhang’s recognition of Mei’s work renewed Mei’s interest in painting.
限时练22
语法填空
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了最近，海外社交媒体上悄然掀起一股“刮痧热”，很多西方人热衷于通过刮痧来调解身体、改善气色。欧美人是如何理解刮痧的 他们为什么愿意尝试这种治疗手法
1.better 考查形容词的比较级。由and后的enhanced “增强的；提高的”可知，此处暗含比较级，表“更好的”，故填good的比较级better，修饰名词health。
2.uses 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。that引导的定语从句修饰名词version，故此处谓语用三单，前后分句都是一般现在时，故此处用一般现在时，故填uses。
3.intended 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, and后的句子中, jade rolling是主语，谓语动词是are，表语是techniques，故空处填非谓语作定语修饰名词techniques。 be intended to do “旨在做……”，作定语时，用过去分词形式，故填intended。
4.References 考查名词的数。空处作主语，应用名词，且谓语是go，故此处填复数名词，空处置于句首，首字母应大写，故填References。
5.a 考查冠词。此处指“没有这样的词”, such a “这样的”，后接名词单数。
6.emphasized 考查动词的时态。空处作谓语，且与but前一句中的谓语didn’t have时态一致，应用一般过去时，故填emphasized。
7.its 考查代词。空处作定语，修饰名词flow，应用形容词性物主代词，故填its。
8.assistant 考查词形转换。空处作定语修饰名词professor，应用形容词，表“助理的；副的”，故填assistant。
9.sitting 考查非谓语动词。空处与or前的sleeping并列作介词after的宾语，应用动名词，故填sitting。
10.in 考查介词。此处指减少浮肿，故填介词in。 a reduction in ... “……方面的减少/缩小/降低”。
应用文写作
范文借鉴
Last month, our school hosted an exciting “Tech Week”, a showcase of innovation and creativity.
During the week, a range of fascinating activities were organized, including workshops on robotics, virtual reality experiences, etc. The aim was to expose students to the latest trends in technology and inspire them to pursue their interest in this field.
As a participant, I found the “Tech Week” was a success and the experience was truly meaningful. Through the activity, not only do the students learn new skills, but they also get a better understanding of the potential of technology in everyday life. We are looking forward to more such events in the future.
读后续写
范文借鉴
Mr Zhang told Mei that Mei’s painting was excellent and moved him. With tears in his eyes, he told her how her painting of the sunrise had profoundly touched him. Mr Zhang explained that he had been going through a tough time and that Mei’s painting reminded him of the beauty and hope in the world. He described how the warm colors and the image of the sun rising over the ocean gave him a sense of peace and comfort. Mr Zhang’s words made Mei realize that her works had a significant impact, reaching beyond just winning contests.
Mr Zhang’s recognition of Mei’s work renewed Mei’s interest in painting. She started to see her art not just as a means to achieve personal recognition, but as a tool for healing and bringing joy to others. Mei began to paint with a new purpose, creating artworks that depicted scenes of hope and beauty. Her art soon became a source of warmth and inspiration in her community. Through her journey, Mei discovered the true essence of her art. It was not just about creating beautiful scenes on canvas, but about touching hearts and warming souls.(共18张PPT)
限时练22
选择性必修第一册 UNIT 2(B组)
语法填空(外刊原味)体裁：说明文主题语境：文化包容和文明借鉴
难度：★★★☆☆ | Scientific American
Scroll through Instagram for long enough and you’ll likely find someone scraping, brushing or massaging their skin in pursuit of 1.__________ (good) health or an enhanced appearance.
Gua sha, in which you scrape a stone or metal tool along the contours (轮廓) of your face; body scraping, which is a full-body version of gua sha that 2.__________ (use) similar tools; and jade rolling, in which you roll a rounded stone tool over your face, are techniques
better
uses
3.__________ (intend) to physically push, or drain, lymphatic (淋巴的) fluid toward the lymph nodes (结节), where it is filtered and then moved back into the bloodstream.
4.__________ (reference) to lymph in traditional Chinese medicine go back 2，000 years, said Yumi Ridsdale, a Chinese medicine practitioner in Ontario, Canada. “They of course didn’t use the words ‘lymphatic’ system; they didn’t have such 5.__________ word，” but traditional Chinese medicine 6.___________ (emphasize) the importance of lymph circulation.
intended
References
a
emphasized
Massaging your lymph can help restimulate 7.__________ (it) flow and prevent a feeling of “bodily congestion (堵塞)”, said Dr Mellisa Ventimiglia, an 8.__________ (assist) professor of family medicine—especially after sleeping or 9.__________ (sit) for long periods of time. You may also notice immediate changes to your skin and face—a reduction 10.__________ puffiness (虚肿) or a more sculpted look—with gua sha, Ms Ridsdale said, though these effects only last a few hours.
its
assistant
sitting
in
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了最近，海外社交媒体上悄然掀起一股“刮痧热”，很多西方人热衷于通过刮痧来调解身体、改善气色。欧美人是如何理解刮痧的 他们为什么愿意尝试这种治疗手 法
1.better 考查形容词的比较级。由and后的enhanced “增强的；提高的”可知，此处暗含比较级，表“更好的”，故填good的比较级better，修饰名词health。
答案与解析
2.uses 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。that引导的定语从句修饰名词version，故此处谓语用三单，前后分句都是一般现在时，故此处用一般现在时，故填uses。
3.intended 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, and后的句子中, jade rolling是主语，谓语动词是are，表语是techniques，故空处填非谓语作定语修饰名词techniques。 be intended to do “旨在做……”，作定语时，用过去分词形式，故填intended。
答案与解析
4.References 考查名词的数。空处作主语，应用名词，且谓语是go，故此处填复数名词，空处置于句首，首字母应大写，故填References。
5.a 考查冠词。此处指“没有这样的词”, such a “这样的”，后接名词单数。
6.emphasized 考查动词的时态。空处作谓语，且与but前一句中的谓语didn’t have时态一致，应用一般过去时，故填emphasized。
答案与解析
7.its 考查代词。空处作定语，修饰名词flow，应用形容词性物主代词，故填its。
8.assistant 考查词形转换。空处作定语修饰名词professor，应用形容词，表“助理的；副的”，故填assistant。
9.sitting 考查非谓语动词。空处与or前的sleeping并列作介词after的宾语，应用动名词，故填sitting。
10.in 考查介词。此处指减少浮肿，故填介词in。 a reduction in ... “……方面的减少/缩小/降低”。
答案与解析
应用文写作 (活动介绍类短文)
假如你是李华，你校上个月举行了“科技周 (Tech Week)”活动，请用英语写一则活动介绍，向学校校报投稿。内容包括：1.活动简介(过程、目的等)；2.活动感受。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请在相应位置作答。
Last month, our school hosted an exciting “Tech Week”, a showcase of innovation and creativity.
During the week, a range of fascinating activities were organized, including workshops on robotics, virtual reality experiences, etc. The aim was to expose students to the latest trends in technology and inspire them to pursue their interest in this field.
范文借鉴
As a participant, I found the “Tech Week” was a success and the experience was truly meaningful. Through the activity, not only do the students learn new skills, but they also get a better understanding of the potential of technology in everyday life. We are looking forward to more such events in the future.
范文借鉴
读后续写 (挑战自我)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In a small Chinese village, a young girl named Mei lived with a deep love for painting. Her artworks, filled with lively colors, caught the beauty of her surroundings. Despite her talent, Mei often battled with self-doubt. She wondered if her skills were truly excellent or if she was just fortunate.
One day, Mei heard about a painting contest in the town called the “Sunlit Art Challenge”. Determined to prove herself and remove the
doubts, Mei quickly signed up for it. The contest stirred a mix of excitement and nervousness in her. Mei spent countless hours perfecting her painting technique, pouring her heart and soul into her works.
For the contest, Mei painted a beautiful sunrise over the sea. The sun just started to rise above the horizon (地平线), its bright light beginning to shine over the ocean. The sun’s rays looked like golden light, spreading across the water and making it shine like a giant mirror. As the sun rose higher, it looked like a bright ball of fire, warming the sea and making the waves shine brightly. The sky changed colors too, from a soft blue to
bright oranges, pinks and reds. It was like watching the day begin right there on her canvas (画布). Mei’s painting captured the peaceful yet lively scene of the sun’s first rays touching the vast ocean, symbolizing hope.
On the day of the contest, the village square was filled with excitement. Artists from near and far displayed their works. Mei set up her painting, feeling both proud and anxious. As the judges evaluated (评估) Mei’s painting, her heart raced with nervousness. Since their expressions were hard to read, Mei felt like her doubts that she wasn’t as good as she hoped were right.
When the host started to announce the winners, Mei listened with hope and curiosity. But sadly her name wasn’t called. Disappointment washed over her, and she forced a smile, applauding (鼓掌) the winners. After the contest, Mei felt disheartened. She thought her painting had failed to impress anyone, and she lost her motivation to lift her brush. At that time, Mr Zhang, a villager, approached Mei.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请在相应位置作答。
Mr Zhang told Mei that Mei’s painting was excellent and moved him.
Mr Zhang’s recognition of Mei’s work renewed Mei’s interest in painting.
Mr Zhang told Mei that Mei’s painting was excellent and moved him. With tears in his eyes, he told her how her painting of the sunrise had profoundly touched him. Mr Zhang explained that he had been going through a tough time and that Mei’s painting reminded him of the beauty and hope in the world. He described how the warm colors and the image of the sun rising over the ocean gave him a sense of peace and comfort. Mr Zhang’s words made Mei realize that her works had a significant impact, reaching beyond just winning contests.
范文借鉴
Mr Zhang’s recognition of Mei’s work renewed Mei’s interest in painting. She started to see her art not just as a means to achieve personal recognition, but as a tool for healing and bringing joy to others. Mei began to paint with a new purpose, creating artworks that depicted scenes of hope and beauty. Her art soon became a source of warmth and inspiration in her community. Through her journey, Mei discovered the true essence of her art. It was not just about creating beautiful scenes on canvas, but about touching hearts and warming souls.
范文借鉴
