外研版七年级英语下Unit 5 Amazing nature(主题阅读含解析)

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024-2025学年下学期七年级英语知识点梳理与巩固
Unit 5 Amazing nature主题阅读
必备知识清单
一、阅读主题分析 初中英语阅读中有关保护自然奇观的阅读主题，主要聚焦于引导学生认识自然奇观的价值、理解其面临的威胁，并激发保护意识与行动。 这类阅读主题通常通过生动的案例，如鲨鱼、大象等自然奇观中的代表性生物，来展示自然界的壮丽与多样性。文章会详细描述这些生物的特点、生存环境以及它们在生态系统中的重要地位，从而让学生深刻体会到自然奇观对于地球生态平衡的重要性。同时，阅读内容也会揭示这些自然奇观正面临的种种威胁，如栖息地丧失、污染、过度捕猎等，以此唤起学生对环境保护的紧迫感与责任感。通过呈现这些威胁的严重后果，文章旨在让学生认识到保护自然奇观不仅是保护生物本身，更是保护我们共同的家园 。该主题的阅读材料会提出一系列保护措施，如减少污染、支持可持续旅游、参与环保活动等，并鼓励学生将这些理念付诸实践，为保护地球的自然遗产贡献自己的力量 。 二、语篇内容分析 Protecting Natural Wonders：A Call for Action In the vast expanse of our planet, natural wonders like the Grand Canyon, the Great Barrier Reef, and the Amazon Rainforest stand as testaments to the Earth's incredible beauty and diversity. These wonders not only captivate our senses with their breathtaking scenery but also play crucial roles in maintaining the balance of our ecosystem. The Grand Canyon, for instance, carved by the Colorado River over millions of years, displays a spectacular array of colorful rock layers, revealing the Earth's geological history. Similarly, the Great Barrier Reef, stretching over 1,400 miles, is a vibrant coral reef ecosystem that provides a home for countless marine species. The Amazon Rainforest, the largest rainforest on Earth, acts as a vital carbon sink and boasts unparalleled biodiversity. However, these natural wonders are facing unprecedented threats. Climate change, pollution, and over-exploitation are just a few of the factors that are putting these treasures at risk. For example, California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s, with climate change being a major contributor to this decline. If we do not take action to protect these wonders, they could be lost forever. Protecting natural wonders is not just about preserving their beauty for future generations. It is also about maintaining the ecological balance that is essential for the survival of all life on Earth. These wonders are interconnected with our planet's ecosystems, and their health reflects the health of our planet. So, what can we do to protect these natural wonders Firstly, we need to raise awareness about the importance of conservation. By educating ourselves and others about the value of these wonders, we can inspire more people to take action. Secondly, we should support sustainable practices that minimize environmental impact. This could include reducing our carbon footprint, supporting eco-friendly tourism, and advocating for policies that protect natural areas. Protecting natural wonders is a responsibility that we all share. By taking action to preserve these treasures, we can ensure that they continue to inspire and nourish us for generations to come. Let us work together to safeguard the beauty and integrity of our planet's natural wonders. 【结构分析】 【内容分析】 该语篇主要描述了地球上自然奇观的壮丽与重要性，以及它们当前面临的威胁和保护措施。 1. 自然奇观的壮丽与重要性 语篇开头即指出，地球上的自然奇观如大峡谷、大堡礁和亚马逊雨林，是地球美丽与多样性的见证。这些奇观不仅以其令人叹为观止的风景吸引我们的感官，还在维持生态系统平衡方面发挥着至关重要的作用 。以大峡谷为例，它展示了地球的地质历史，而大堡礁则是一个充满活力的珊瑚礁生态系统，为无数海洋生物提供了栖息地。亚马逊雨林作为地球上最大的雨林，是重要的碳汇，并拥有无与伦比的生物多样性 。 2. 面临的威胁 语篇随后指出，这些自然奇观正面临前所未有的威胁，包括气候变化、污染和过度开发等。这些因素正在将这些宝贵的财富置于危险之中 。以加利福尼亚州为例，自20世纪30年代以来，该州已经失去了一半的大树，气候变化是这一衰退的主要原因之一 。 3. 保护的重要性与紧迫性 语篇强调，保护自然奇观不仅是为了保留它们的美丽以供后代欣赏，更是为了维持对地球上所有生命至关重要的生态平衡。这些奇观与地球的生态系统紧密相连，它们的健康状况反映了我们星球的健康状况 。 4. 保护措施 语篇最后提出了保护这些自然奇观的措施。首先，我们需要提高人们对保护重要性的认识，通过教育自己和他人了解这些奇观的价值，可以激励更多人采取行动 。其次，我们应该支持可持续实践，以减少对环境的影响。这可能包括减少碳足迹、支持生态旅游和倡导保护自然地区的政策等 。 【语言分析】 1.用词精准且富有感染力 该语篇在描述自然奇观时，用词精准，如“breathtaking scenery”（令人叹为观止的风景）、“spectacular array of colorful rock layers”（壮观多彩的岩层阵列）等，这些词汇生动地展现了自然奇观的壮丽与独特。同时，在阐述保护自然奇观的重要性时，使用了“unprecedented threats”（前所未有的威胁）、“crucial roles”（至关重要的作用）等富有感染力的词汇，增强了文章的紧迫感和说服力 。 2.句式多样且结构清晰 语篇中句式多样，既有简单的陈述句，如“These wonders not only captivate our senses with their breathtaking scenery but also play crucial roles in maintaining the balance of our ecosystem.”（这些奇观不仅以其令人叹为观止的风景吸引我们的感官，而且在维持我们生态系统的平衡中发挥着至关重要的作用。），也有复杂的复合句，如“However, these natural wonders are facing unprecedented threats. Climate change, pollution, and over-exploitation are just a few of the factors that are putting these treasures at risk.”（然而，这些自然奇观正面临着前所未有的威胁。气候变化、污染和过度开发只是使这些宝藏面临风险的几个因素之一。）。这些句式的灵活运用使得文章结构清晰，逻辑严密，易于读者理解和接受 。 3.修辞手法丰富且恰当 该语篇在表达上运用了多种修辞手法，如比喻、排比等。例如，“natural wonders like the Grand Canyon, the Great Barrier Reef, and the Amazon Rainforest stand as testaments to the Earth's incredible beauty and diversity.”（像大峡谷、大堡礁和亚马逊雨林这样的自然奇观是地球不可思议的美丽和多样性的见证。）这句话通过比喻的手法，将自然奇观比作地球的“见证者”，形象地表达了它们的重要性和独特性。同时，在阐述保护自然奇观的重要性时，通过排比的手法列举了多个威胁因素，增强了文章的感染力和说服力 。 4.语言风格正式且富有号召力 该语篇的语言风格正式，用词准确，句式规范，符合一篇呼吁保护自然奇观的文章应有的语言特点。同时，文章在结尾部分提出了具体的保护措施，并呼吁读者采取行动，这使得文章不仅具有理论价值，还具有实践意义。这种正式且富有号召力的语言风格有助于激发读者的共鸣和行动意愿 。 【参考译文】 保护自然奇观：行动呼吁 在我们广阔的星球上，大峡谷、大堡礁和亚马逊雨林等自然奇观证明了地球令人难以置信的美丽和多样性。这些奇观不仅以其令人惊叹的风景吸引了我们的感官，而且在维持我们生态系统的平衡方面也发挥着至关重要的作用。 例如，科罗拉多河数百万年来雕刻的大峡谷展示了一系列壮观的彩色岩层，揭示了地球的地质历史。 同样，绵延1400多英里的大堡礁是一个充满活力的珊瑚礁生态系统，为无数海洋物种提供了家园。 亚马逊雨林是地球上最大的雨林，是一个重要的碳汇，拥有无与伦比的生物多样性。 然而，这些自然奇观正面临着前所未有的威胁。气候变化、污染和过度开采只是使这些宝藏面临风险的几个因素。 例如，自20世纪30年代以来，加利福尼亚州已经失去了一半的大树，气候变化是导致这一下降的主要原因。如果我们不采取行动保护这些奇迹，它们可能会永远消失。 保护自然奇观不仅仅是为了为子孙后代保护它们的美丽。它还涉及维护对地球上所有生命生存至关重要的生态平衡。这些奇观与我们星球的生态系统相互关联，它们的健康反映了我们星球的健康状况。 那么，我们能做些什么来保护这些自然奇观呢？首先，我们需要提高人们对保护重要性的认识。通过教育自己和他人了解这些奇迹的价值，我们可以激励更多的人采取行动。其次，我们应该支持可持续的做法，尽量减少对环境的影响。这可能包括减少我们的碳足迹，支持生态友好型旅游业，并倡导保护自然区域的政策。 保护自然奇观是我们共同的责任。通过采取行动保护这些宝藏，我们可以确保它们继续激励和滋养我们的后代。让我们共同努力，保护地球自然奇观的美丽和完整性。
核心知识回顾
主题阅读词汇
1. 核心词汇
conservation 保护，保存
sustainability 可持续性
wonder of nature / nature's wonders 自然奇观
protecting the environment 保护环境
environmental protection 环境保护
nature conservation 自然保护
raise one’s environmental awareness 提高环保意识
global warming 全球变暖
deal with rubbish properly 正确处理垃圾
make proper use of water resources 合理利用水资源
save and treasure our resources 节约并珍惜我们的资源
take action/steps/measures to protect 采取措施保护
environmental protection awareness 环保意识
keep the balance of nature 保持生态平衡
protect the surroundings 保护周围环境
2. 具体环保行动与措施
environmental management 环境管理
environmental monitoring 环境监测
resource recycling 资源回收
waste sorting 垃圾分类
water conservation 节约用水
energy conservation and emission reduction 节能减排
3. 环保概念与现象
climate change 气候变化
global warming 全球变暖
greenhouse gases 温室气体
biodiversity 生物多样性
ecological balance 生态平衡
carbon emissions 碳排放
ozone depletion 臭氧层消耗
4. 环保技术与能源
green energy 绿色能源
clean energy 清洁能源
renewable resources 可再生资源
solar energy 太阳能
5. 环保产品与理念
eco-friendly 环保的
eco-friendly products 环保产品
environmental awareness 环境意识
综合实战演练
1
The leader of the Five Sacred Mountains, Mount Tai, is located in the centre of Shandong Province, lying across the cities of Tai’an, Jinan and Zibo. Its main peak, the Jade Emperor Peak, which is within Tai’an City, is about 1545 metres high.
The mountain was once called Mount Daishan, Mount Daizong or Mount Taiyue and was renamed Mount Tai in the Spring and Autumn Period. It _____ wonderful Chinese culture and was listed in the World Natural and Cultural Heritage List of UNESCO in 1987.
In ancient times, the first thing for an emperor to do on sitting on the throne (王位) was to climb Mount Tai. It was said that 72 emperors made pilgrimages (朝圣) to this mountain in ancient times. This brought the mountain great fame. And many poets and writers also visited the mountain to get inspiration (灵感). The great temples, the stone inscriptions (碑文) attract many visitors.
Mount Tai is a natural museum. Heavenly Queen Pool, Red Gate Palace, Mid-Heaven Gate, Bixia Temple are powerful examples.
Besides these, Mount Tai has unique natural scenery too. The tall hills, deep valleys, wonderful waterfalls, beautiful rocks and the centuries old trees will certainly stop your step with no thought of leaving. There are four wonders of the mountain. They are Sunrise from the East, the Sunset Glow, the Sea of Clouds and the Golden Belt along the Yellow River. It would be a great pity to miss the four wonders.
1．How many names did Mount Tai have before the Spring and Autumn Period
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four
2．Which word can we fill in the blank of the passage
A．finds B．makes C．needs D．shows
3．What brought great fame to Mount Tai
A．The emperors’ pilgrimages. B．The poets’ visiting.
C．The writers’ coming. D．The list of UNESCO.
4．What can stop the visitors from leaving Mount Tai according to the passage
A．The temples. B．The natural scenery. C．The museums. D．The inspiration.
5．What is the greatest regret after visiting Mount Tai according to the passage
A．Not climbing up to the Jade Emperor Peak.
B．Not seeing the great temples and stone inscriptions.
C．Not meeting the pilgrimages to the mountain.
D．Not seeing the four wonders of the mountain.
2
The area of the Yinchuan Wetland (湿地) Park was once a place that people disliked: waste water caused terrible smells and almost no grass could grow on the land. Now, it not only becomes a popular place for people to take a walk, but also a good place for birds and other animals. Li Zhijun is a member of the bird protecting organization. He saw the great changes at the park. According to him, the Yinchuan Wetland Park has become a famous place for bird photographers. More birds would like to stay here in winter.
Besides Ningxia, many cities in China make great efforts to protect wetlands. Wuhan, the capital city of Hubei province, is known as a “city of a hundred lakes”. The city has five large wetland reserves (保护区). Tens of thousands of birds come to stay in winter.
Panjin in Liaoning province is another surprising wetland city. In the past, the city has a lot of environmental problems because of oil production. But now in the wetlands by the sea, seagrass turns red every autumn, creating beautiful “red beaches”.
Chen Zhihai, a local fishery worker, said, “In the past, there were almost no wild fish. Thanks to the efforts of Panjin people, now the wetland is back again!”
1．How was the Yinchuan Wetland Park like in the past
A．No grass could grow on the land.
B．People liked to go there for a walk.
C．Migratory birds stayed there in winter.
D．It was a good place for bird photographer.
2．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 1 refer to
A．Waste water. B．Wetland park. C．Grass. D．Land.
3．Which city is called “city of a hundred lakes”
A．Yinchuan B．Shenzhen C．Panjin D．Wuhan
4．Why did Panjin have many environmental problems in the past
A．Because people put waste water in the rivers.
B．Because migratory birds didn’t come here in winter.
C．Because people caused pollution during oil production.
D．Because the government didn’t build any wetland reserves.
5．Where can you read this passage
A．Nature magazine B．Story book
C．History poem D．People around us
3
The Amazon is the world’s biggest rainforest. It is in South America. It is so wide that it covers a little more than the half size of China! The Amazon River runs through the rainforest. It’s the world’s second longest river. The Amazon covers much of Brazil. The green color on the national flag of Brazil stands for the rainforest.
However, climate change (气候变化) and human activities make it “sick”. Usually, the rainforest can fix itself. But now, it feels too “tired” to get better. According to a new study, many trees there may die, and the Amazon rainforest may turn into hot, dry grassland in a few years.
Why is the Amazon “sick”
The Amazon is one of the world’s wettest places. But since 2005, three droughts have hit the rainforest. They were caused by climate change. The trees don’t have enough water to grow. What’s worse, as they become dry, they can easily catch fire.
Besides, people cut down rainforest trees for wood. They burn the forest to make farmland. All these kind of activities made about 17% of the rainforest disappear.
△
The Amazon is like the lungs (肺) of our planet. The rich plants there take carbon dioxide (CO2) out of the air and make oxygen. They make more than 20% of the planet’s oxygen. If the Amazon “dies”, there will be more CO2 and our Earth will become even hotter.
The Amazon is also home to over 3 million animals and plants. Many of them can’t live anywhere else. They would very likely just disappear.
1．According to the passage, what is NOT the reason that makes the Amazon rainforest “sick”
A．There are many forest fires. B．Climate changes.
C．People cut down trees. D．Too many animals and plants live there.
2．What will happen if the Amazon rainforest dies
A．People will lose their lungs. B．Many animals and plants will die.
C．We will feel colder. D．There will be more oxygen.
3．What does the underlined word “droughts” mean in paragraph 4
A．too little rain B．too little snow C．too much rain D．too much fire
4．Which of the following statements is NOT true
A．The Amazon rainforest is in South America.
B．The Amazon is the world’s biggest rainforest.
C．The Amazon River is the world’s longest river.
D．More than 1000 kinds of birds live in the Amazon.
5．Choose the best sentence to fill in the blank ( △ ) in the passage.
A．Where is the Amazon B．Who lives in the Amazon
C．How can we protect the Amazon D．What will happen if we lose the Amazon
4
The World with Its Countries
The world with its countries,
Mountains and seas,
People and creatures (动物),
Flowers and trees,
The fish in the waters,
The birds in the air
Are calling to ask us
All to take care.
These are our treasures,
A gift from above,
We should say thank you
With a care that shows love
For the blue of the ocean,
The clearness of the ▲ ,
The wonders of the forests
And the valleys (山谷) so fair.
The song of the sky bird,
The warmth of the sun,
The rushing of clear streams (溪流)
And new life begun
Are gifts we should cherish(珍惜)
So join in the call
To try to protect them
For the future of all.
1．What type of text is the passage
A．Guide. B．Poem. C．Diary. D．Letter.
2．What is the best word for “ ▲ ”
A．Air. B．Sun. C．House. D．Birds.
3．What are talked about in the passage
①mountains ②streams ③ clouds ④ snow ⑤birds ⑥ stars
A．①②⑤ B．③④⑤ C．③④⑥ D．①⑤⑥
4．What does the underlined word “all” refer to in the last sentence
A．The gifts we have. B．People and the nature.
C．People and plants. D．Countries in the world.
5．Why should we say thank you to the nature
A．The nature protects us from danger. B．The nature provides us with a house.
C．We get valuable things from the nature. D．We visit the natural places we love.
5
China has a long history. There are many places of interest (名胜古迹). Some of them are great mountains, long rivers and beautiful lakes.
Many mountains are very famous: Mount Taishan, Mount Emeishan and Mount Huashan. Every year, many people go to Mount Taishan to see sunrise (日出).
The Yangtze River is the longest river in China. And the second longest river is the Yellow River.
Do you know the love story about Xu Xian and Bai Suzhen It took place (发生) near the West Lake. The West Lake is in the south of China. It is in Hangzhou, Zhejiang. There are a lot of beautiful poems about it. Some of the poems were written (被写) by Bai Juyi and Su Dongpo. The West Lake is also the home of the famous tea Longjing.
China is a great country. Many people from all over the world come to China every year.
1．Why do many people go to Mount Taishan every year
A．To see sunrise. B．To visit the West Lake.
C．To write poems. D．To enjoy the river.
2．Where is the West Lake
A．In the north of China. B．In Jiangsu.
C．In the south of China. D．Near the Yellow River.
3．What are some of Bai Juyi’s and Su Dongpo’s poems about
A．Mount Emeishan. B．The West Lake.
C．Love stories. D．The Yangtze River.
4．What does the text (文章) talk about
A．The weather in China. B．The famous school.
C．The places of interest in China. D．The family.
5．Which shows the structure (结构) of the text
A． B． C． D．
6
The weather in Vancouver is very nice. It’s warm in winter and cool in summer. Some people say that Vancouver is one of the most wonderful cities in the world.
Vancouver is beautiful all the year round. What can you see in spring There are many beautiful flowers in spring. Wild ducks (野鸭) come back in the spring time. They swim in lakes and enjoy the best time of the year. In summer, there are more flowers. Many flowers grow in wild fields. In autumn. Vancouver is more beautiful. Maple leaves (枫叶) are red all over the mountains (高山) and plains. In winter, the sea is not very cold. You can swim in the sea!
Vancouver is like a big park. In this big park, you can find many small parks. Canadians lovenature. They always go camping (野营) with their families and friends. It is the best way to get close to nature. You just need to pay (付费) a little money to get a camping place.
1．Vancouver is a city of ________.
A．the USA B．Canada C．the UK D．France
2．What can you see in the spring of Vancouver according to (根据) this passage
A．Wild ducks swim in lakes. B．The snow is all over the road.
C．Maple leaves are all over the mountains. D．People swim in the sea.
3．The underlined word “nature” means “________” in Chinese.
A．民族 B．邻居 C．空气 D．自然
4．It is ________ to get a camping place according to the passage.
A．difficult B．expensive C．cheap D．dangerous
5．Which one is TRUE about Vancouver
A．The summer is more beautiful than the autumn in Vancouver.
B．In Vancouver, the winter is very cold.
C．People can’t swim in the sea in winter.
D．People love going camping.
7
Mangroves are important for our earth. They can take in plenty of carbon (碳) and make the air fresh. But around the world, the cities are growing and they bring us pollution (污染), so many mangrove forests are lost.
In Shenzhen, the city is working hard to help mangoves. The city is small and busy, but it keeps 1% of the main city part for mangroves. The city even moves the Coastal Highway to help the mangroves. To bring back the mangroves, the city also plants more mangroves in some right places. Now, the Futian Mangrove Reserve becomes home to migratory birds.
Many people in Shenzhen like helping mangroves. They enjoy activities like planting trees and making more people know about mangroves. But there aren’t many chances (机会) for them to join in. So, the city needs to do more and gives chances to let people help.
Helping mangroves is good for our city and the world. We should do our best to help these important forests. And we have a long way to go.
1．Why are mangroves important for our earth
A．They make the air fresh. B．They are around the world.
C．They make the city grow. D．They are lost with the cities.
2．How many things does the city do to help mangroves in Paragraph 2
A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5.
3．What does “They” in Paragraph 3 refer to (指代)
A．Birds. B．People. C．Mangroves. D．Cities.
4．Which could be the structure (结构) of the text
A． B． C． D．
5．What can we learn from the text
A．The mangroves are important to migratory birds.
B．People have many chances to help mangroves.
C．The mangoves around the world are fine now.
D．People don’t know how to help mangroves.
8
In 1929, Sanxingdui was first found in Southwest China’s Sichuan province, but its importance was not recognized until the year 1986 when ancient city walls, palaces and many gold ivory and bronze artifacts (青铜器) have been unearthed here.
In 2001, archaeologists (考古学家) found the remains of another ancient cities called Jinsha near Chengdu. They found a gold crown with similar engraved pattern (纹饰) of fish, arrows and birds as other golden objects found at Sanxingdui. For this reason, some scholars believe that the people from Sanxingdui may have moved their homes to Jinsha.
But it remains a mystery. Here are some clues that might help find the facts:
In 1099 BC, ancient writers recorded an earthquake in the capital of the Zhou Dynasty, in present-day Shaanxi Province. Though that area is about 400 kilometres from the historic site of Sanxingdui, it is possible that the centre of the earthquake was actually close to Sanxingdui.
Around the same time, the layers of dirt show that there was possibly a great flood. In the Han Dynasty book The Chronicles of the Kings of Shu, it is written that ancient floods poured from a mountain in a spot, which suggests the river flowing in a new direction.
Together, the ideas lead people to believe that possibly a large earthquake caused a landslide that dammed the river. This changed its path and stopped the water from flowing to Sanxingdui. That may have forced the ancient Chinese people to leave their homes to move closer to the river’ s new path. Living near water was very important at that time. The people had to get water from the river and carry it to their homes to drink, cook and wash.
1．When was Sanxingdui first found
A．In 1929. B．In 1986. C．In 2001. D．In 1099.
2．What does the underlined word “it” refer to
A．How did ancient people make such beautiful objects
B．Why is the discovery of Sanxingdui important
C．How were the remains of Jinsha found
D．Why did the people from Sanxingdui move to Jinsha
3．What record in the Han Dynasty book has helped to solve this mystery
A．There were similar golden objects.
B．An earthquake may have hit places near Sanxingdui.
C．Ancient floods poured from a mountain in a spot.
D．Ancient people moved close to the river.
4．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
5．In which book can we read the above passage
A．Alice in Wonderland. B．Unsolved Mysteries of the World.
C．Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea. D．Treasure Island
9
Not far from the beach of Tulum, Mexico, there is a cave (洞穴) called Sac Actun. It is more than 4, 000 years old and may be the longest underwater cave in the world.
“Sac Actun” means “white caves” in one Mayan language. Many tourists come to visit the cave every year. They swim in the clear underground water and watch small fish swimming in the wonderful underground world.
Recently, a team of scientists found a connection(关联) between Sac Actun and another large underwater cave near it. In the past, people thought Sac Actun was about 263 kilometres long, but now scientists say the cave is connected to a 83-km-long cave —Dos Ojos. This would make Sac Actun a347-km-long cave.
The connection between the two caves was reported after the scientists spent months working in the water. The finding can help people learn more about the ancient Mayan population. They lived in parts of Mexico and other places in the area. There are hundreds of Mayan relics in the cave, according to Guillermo de Anda, the director of the team.“It allows us to learn more about the ancient Maya people — how their cities appeared, ” said Guillermo de Anda.
It is also possible that Sac Actun could get bigger. The scientists think that the cave might be connected to three other underwater caves. All of them are near one another by the city of Tulum.
1．The scientists found ________ in Mexico recently.
A．a beautiful underwater world B．a new large cave in the water
C．an ancient cave called Dos Ojos D．a connection between two caves
2．What do we know about Sac Actun
A．It was found about 4, 000 years ago. B．Few tourists visited it in the past.
C．Dos Ojos has become part of it. D．It was once a cave above ground.
3．The underlined word “ relics ” in Paragraph 4 means “________”.
A．sites B．tools C．paintings D．cracks
4．Sac Actun may become bigger if ________.
A．scientists spend more time in the water B．there are connections to other caves
C．the city of Tulum grows in the future D．more large caves are found
5．The best title for this passage may be ________.
A．A Journey to the Longest Cave in the World
B．The History of the Sac Actun Cave in Mexico
C．The Longest Underwater City and the Maya People
D．The Longest Underwater Cave Found in Mexico
10
请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从下面的七个选项中选择五个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。一空一句。
Mount Siguniang or Mount Four Sisters is located in Sichuan Province (省), China. The mountain gets its name from its four peaks (山峰) close to each other. It is said that four lovely girls protected pandas from monsters (妖怪). 1 The snowy mountains are the hardest for those who would like to climb.
Out of the four sisters, the youngest one is the Yaomei Peak, often called Sifeng Peak. 2 . The brave climbers from all over the world are trying to climb it. There is lots of large ice on the southern side and at the foot of the mountain. 3
Dafeng Peak is 5, 025 meters high and is at the bottom part of Mount Siguniang. It has strange rocks above 4,000 meters. 4 It is the easiest peak to climb.
Next to Dafeng Peak is Erfeng Peak, which is 5,276 meters high. Its top is always covered with snow. In summer, it looks beautiful with green trees and grass.
Sanfeng Peak is in the middle and rises to 5,335 meters. There is always some mist (雾) on the top of it. 5
Besides the four famous peaks, Mount Siguniang also has lots of other mountains ready for us to find.
A．And this makes it look pretty and special.
B．However, there are flower forests below that.
C．They want to become more and more beautiful.
D．Rising up to 6,250 meters, it is the highest of them all.
E．Because the peak is close to the north of the mountain.
F．So far, the top of the Yaomei Peak has been reached only 11 times.
G．Unluckily, they were turned into four special white snow mountains.
参考答案
1
【答案与解析】本文主要介绍了泰山的历史、自然和文化价值。
1．细节理解题。根据文中“The mountain was once called Mount Daishan, Mount Daizong or Mount Taiyue and was renamed Mount Tai in the Spring and Autumn Period.”可知，这座山曾被称为岱山、岱宗山或太岳，春秋时期更名为泰山，所以泰山在春秋以前有三个名字，故选C。
2．推理判断题。根据文中“wonderful Chinese culture”可知，这里指泰山展现了中国文化，所以应用shows“展现”，故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据文中“It was said that 72 emperors made pilgrimages (朝圣) to this mountain in ancient times. This brought the mountain great fame.”可知，是皇帝的朝圣给泰山带来了巨大的名气，故选A。
4．细节理解题。根据文中“The tall hills, deep valleys, wonderful waterfalls, beautiful rocks and the centuries old trees will certainly stop your step with no thought of leaving.”可知，是自然风景能阻止游客离开泰山，故选B。
5．细节理解题。根据文中“They are Sunrise from the East, the Sunset Glow, the Sea of Clouds and the Golden Belt along the Yellow River. It would be a great pity to miss the four wonders.”可知，错过四大奇观会很遗憾，故选D。
2
【答案与解析】本文主要介绍了中国的几个湿地公园，包括银川湿地公园、武汉湿地保护区和辽宁盘锦的湿地公园，以及这些地方在环保方面的努力和成就。
1．细节理解题。根据“The area of the Yinchuan Wetland (湿地) Park was once a place that people disliked: waste water caused terrible smells and almost no grass could grow on the land.”可知，过去的银川湿地公园是一个人们不喜欢的地方，废水造成了恶臭，几乎没有草能在土地上生长。故选A。
2．词义猜测题。根据“The area of the Yinchuan Wetland (湿地) Park was once a place that people disliked: waste water caused terrible smells and almost no grass could grow on the land.”可知，过去的银川湿地公园是一个人们不喜欢的地方；根据“Now, it not only becomes a popular place for people to take a walk, but also a good place for birds and other animals.”可知，现在不仅成为人们散步的好地方，也是鸟类和其他动物栖息的好地方。联系前后句可猜测出下划线单词it代指银川湿地公园。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“Wuhan, the capital city of Hubei province, is known as a ‘city of a hundred lakes’.” 可知，武汉被称为“百湖之城”。故选D。
4．细节理解题。根据“In the past, the city has a lot of environmental problems because of oil production.”可知，盘锦过去有许多环境问题是因为石油生产造成的。故选C。
5．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了中国的几个湿地公园，包括银川湿地公园、武汉湿地保护区和辽宁盘锦的湿地公园，以及这些地方在环保方面的努力和成就。因此这篇文章更像是自然杂志中的一篇文章。故选A。
3
【答案与解析】本文主要介绍南美洲亚马逊雨林的重要性，以及气候变化和人类活动使“它”生病，而且很难进行自我修复。
1．细节理解题。根据“But since 2005, three droughts have hit the rainforest. They were caused by climate change.”和“Besides, people cut down rainforest trees for wood. They burn the forest to make farmland.”可知，ABC选项都是造成雨林“生病”的原因，没有提到D选项。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“The Amazon is also home to over 3 million animals and plants. Many of them can’t live anywhere else. They would very likely just disappear.”可知，如果没有雨林，这些动植物会消失。故选B。
3．词句猜测题。根据“The trees don’t have enough water to grow.”可知，雨林里的树木没有足够的水生长，说明雨林在遭遇干旱；结合选项，“droughts”的含义为“太少的雨水”。故选A。
14．细节理解题。根据“The Amazon River runs through the rainforest. It’s the world’s second longest river.”可知，亚马孙河是世界上第二长河，C选项表述有误。故选C。
5．主旨大意题。根据“If the Amazon ‘dies’, there will be more CO2 and our Earth will become even hotter.”及最后两段可知，亚马逊热带雨林是地球的“肺”，如果雨林“死亡”，地球上的二氧化碳会更多、地球会更热、许多动植物也会消失；由此推知，最后两段是在阐述“如果我们失去亚马逊雨林会发生什么？”。故选D。
4
【答案与解析】本文是一首诗歌，呼吁人们保护世界。
1．推理判断题。根据文章形式可知，本文是一首诗歌，故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据“For the blue of the ocean,The clearness of the...The wonders of the forests”可知，此处提到了蓝色的海洋、森林，所以推测此处指清新的空气。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“And the valleys (山谷) so fair.”；“The rushing of clear streams (溪流)”；“The song of the sky bird”可知，文章中谈论了山谷，溪流，小鸟，故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据“Are gifts we should cherish So join in the call To try to protect them For the future of all.”可知，是为了所有人和自然的未来去保护世界，此处all指的是“人类和大自然”，故选B。
5．推理判断题。根据“...These are our treasures, A gift from above, We should say thank you With a care that shows love”可知，大自然给了我们宝贵的东西，我们应该带着爱的关怀说声谢谢，故选C。
5
【答案与解析】本文主要介绍了中国的名胜古迹，山川、河流、湖泊等。
1．细节理解题。根据“Every year, many people go to Mount Taishan to see sunrise (日出).”可知，每年许多人都去泰山看日出。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据“The West Lake is in the south of China.”可知，西湖在中国南部。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“The West Lake is in the south of China. It is in Hangzhou, Zhejiang. There are a lot of beautiful poems about it. Some of the poems were written (被写) by Bai Juyi and Su Dongpo.”可知，白居易和苏东坡的诗都是关于西湖的。故选B。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国的名胜古迹，山川、河流、湖泊等。故选C。
5．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，本文第一段介绍了中国有很多名胜古迹，包括山川、河流、湖泊等，引出下文；第二段到第四段具体介绍了中国的山川、河流、湖泊；第五段总结说明每年有许多人来中国，因此本文的结构应是总—分—总。故选D。
6
【答案与解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要为我们介绍了温哥华一年四季的美丽景色。
1．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Canadians love nature.”可以推知，文中的Vancouver是加拿大的一个城市。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“ What can you see in spring There are many beautiful flowers in spring. Wild ducks come back in the spring time. They swim in lakes and enjoy the best time of the year.”可知，在春天可以看到野鸭在湖里游泳。故选A。
3．词义推测题。根据下文中“They always go camping…best way to get close to nature.”可知，加拿大人喜欢亲近自然，可推测nature的意思为“自然”。故选D。
4．细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“You just need to pay a little money to get a camping place.”可知，要找到一个野营的地方只要付一点儿钱，很便宜。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段中“They always go camping with their families and friends.”可知在温哥华，人们喜欢外出野营。故选D。
7
【答案与解析】本文主要讲述了红树林对地球的重要性以及深圳市如何帮助保护和恢复红树林。
1．细节理解题。根据“They can take in plenty of carbon (碳) and make the air fresh.” 可知，红树林使空气清新，故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“but it keeps 1% of the main city part for mangroves. The city even moves the Coastal Highway to help the mangroves. To bring back the mangroves, the city also plants more mangroves in some right places.”可知，提到了深圳市为帮助红树林进行的三件事：保留城区1%的面积给红树林、迁移了海岸公路、在合适的地方植树，故选B。
3．代词指代题。 根据第三段开头“Many people in Shenzhen like helping mangroves. They enjoy activities like planting trees and making more people know about mangroves.” （深圳的许多人都喜欢帮助红树林。他们喜欢植树之类的活动，让更多的人了解红树林）可知， “They” 指的是前面提到的“people”，故选B。
4．篇章结构题。文章先总体讲述红树林的重要性，然后详述深圳市的具体措施，接着提到市民参与情况，最后总结，结构图D符合。故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据“Now, the Futian Mangrove Reserve becomes home to migratory birds.”可知，红树林对候鸟很重要，故选A。
8
【答案与解析】本文主要讲述了三星堆和金沙遗迹的发现，一些学者认为三星堆人可能已经把他们的家搬到了金沙，但至今这都是个谜，本文提供了一些有助于找到真相的线索。
1．细节理解题。根据“In 1929, Sanxingdui was first found in Southwest China’s Sichuan province,”可知，1929年，三星堆首次在中国西南部的四川省被发现，故选A。
2．词义猜测题。根据“For this reason, some scholars believe that the people from Sanxingdui may have moved their homes to Jinsha.”以及“But it remains a mystery”可知，三星堆人把他们的家搬到了金沙的原因是一个谜，故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据“In the Han Dynasty book The Chronicles of the Kings of Shu, it is written that ancient floods poured from a mountain in a spot, which suggests the river flowing in a new direction.”可知，古代的洪水从一座山上倾泻而下，这表明河流流向了新的方向，故选C。
4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段和第二段介绍了三星堆和金沙遗迹的发现，所以第一段和第二段是并列关系；第三段引出第四段和第五段的内容；第四段和第五段提供了一些帮助人们找到三星堆可能将家搬到金沙这个真相的线索；最后一段总结概括。故选A。
5．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了三星堆和金沙遗迹的发现，一些学者认为三星堆人可能已经把他们的家搬到了金沙，但至今这都是个谜，本文提供了一些有助于找到真相的线索，最有可能在《世界未解之谜》这本书上看到，故选B。
9
【答案与解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Sac Actun洞穴，它可能是世界上最长的水下洞穴。
1．细节理解题。根据“Recently, a team of scientists found a connection(关联) between Sac Actun and another large underwater cave near it.”可知，最近，一组科学家发现了萨克阿克顿和附近另一个大型水下洞穴之间的联系。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“In the past, people thought Sac Actun was about 263 kilometres long, but now scientists say the cave is connected to a 83-km-long cave —Dos Ojos. This would make Sac Actun a347-km-long cave.”可知，现在科学家认为Sac Actun与一个83公里长的洞穴Dos Ojos相连，这将使Sac Actun成为一个47公里长的洞穴。所以Dos Ojos是Sac Actun的一部分。故选C。
3．词句猜测题。根据“ There are hundreds of Mayan relics in the cave, according to Guillermo de Anda, the director of the team.‘It allows us to learn more about the ancient Maya people — how their cities appeared,’ said Guillermo de Anda.”可知，吉列尔莫·德·安达说这让他们能够更多地了解古代玛雅人，所以洞穴中应该是玛雅人的遗址，relics 意为“遗址”与site同义，故选A。
4．细节理解题。根据“It is also possible that Sac Actun could get bigger. The scientists think that the cave might be connected to three other underwater caves. All of them are near one another by the city of Tulum.”可知，Sac Actun也有可能变得更大，科学家们认为如果这个洞穴可能与另外三个水下洞穴有关。故选B。
5．最佳标题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了Sac Actun洞穴，它可能是世界上最长的水下洞穴。选项D“墨西哥发现的最长的水下洞穴”符合题意，故选D。
10
【答案与解析】本文主要介绍了四姑娘山的广阔景观以及人们对其的探索。
1．根据“It is said that four lovely girls protected pandas from monsters.”可知，据说有四个可爱的女孩保护大熊猫免受怪物的伤害。G选项“不幸的是，她们变成了四座特殊的白色雪山。”符合语境。故选G。
2．根据“Out of the four sisters, the youngest one is the Yaomei Peak, often called Sifeng Peak.”可知，此处介绍了在四姐妹中最小的幺妹峰。D选项“它高达6250米，是所有山峰中最高的。”符合语境。故选D。
3．根据本段的前文可知，本段介绍了幺妹峰是所有山峰中最高的并且世界各地勇敢的登山者在尝试攀登它。F选项“到目前为止，幺妹峰的顶峰只被登顶过11次。”符合语境。故选F。
4．根据“It has strange rocks above 4,000 meters.”可知，此处是对大姑娘峰风景的描述。B选项“然而，下面有花林。”符合语境。故选B。
5．根据“There is always some mist on the top of it.”可知，三姑娘峰峰顶总是有雾。A选项“并且这让它看起来既漂亮又特别。”符合语境。故选A。
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