2025全国一卷高考英语长难句分析练习（含答案）

2025全国一卷高考英语
长难句分析题
1. 环保主题（Text A）
原句：It’s estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050.
中文翻译：_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
结构分析：
- 形式主语：______ 真正主语：_________________________________
- 时态功能：could more than double → 表达____________________________________
- 写作迁移：用"It's estimated that..."结构写一句关于可再生能源发展的预测（主题：太阳能）
→ 仿写：_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
2. 教育主题（Text B）
原句：The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart.
中文翻译：_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
结构分析：
- 核心谓语：______ + ______
- 独立成分："10 to 20 pages each" 是_______________________
- 定语从句：that指代____________________，动词_______________________
写作迁移：用"with+名词+定语从句"描述一本好书的影响
→ 仿写：_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
3. 城市发展（Text C）
原句：Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere.
中文翻译：_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
结构分析：
- 被动语态：______ 表________________________________
- 目的短语：make way for → 意为______________________
- 并列逻辑：and连接__________________与__________________
写作迁移：用"be done to do..."结构写城市化代价（主题：绿地减少）
→ 仿写：_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
4. 科技环保（Text D）
原句：Crucially, this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate to trap the plastics.
中文翻译：_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
结构分析：
- 现在分词：containing...作___________________的后置定语
- 目的状语：to trap... → 功能为__________________
- 学术动词：relies on → 同义替换________________
写作迁移：用"rely on sth. doing..."说明学习方法（主题：记单词）
→ 仿写：_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
5. 社会现象（Text C）
原句：In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty-six million people, among the highest rate of car ownership in the world.
中文翻译：_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
结构分析：
- 数据对比：over...for... → 强调___________________
- 独立主格：among...作_______________，修饰_________________
写作迁移：用"among the最高级"描述中国高铁成就
→ 仿写：_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
6. 写作教学（Text B）
原句：When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful significance — the ability to connect people.
中文翻译：_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
结构分析：
- 时间状语：When引导________________________
- 破折号功能：_______________ 解释______________
- 核心名词短语：ability to... → 可替换为__________________
写作迁移：用"with+名词+后置定语"描述毕业时刻（主题：同学录）
→ 仿写：_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
7. 微塑料研究（Text D）
原句：Even bottled water, scientists found earlier this year, contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought.
中文翻译：_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
结构分析：
- 插入语位置：____________________ 分隔_____________________
- 比较结构：______________________ times more...than → 公式_____________________
写作迁移：用"..., scientists found, ..."结构写空气污染发现
→ 仿写：_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
8. 议论文写作（Text B）
原句：I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of communication.
中文翻译：_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
结构分析：
- 伴随状语：believing... → 表__________________
- 宾语从句：that引导_________________作_________________
写作迁移：用"v-ing+宾语从句"表达学习态度（主题：英语学习）
→ 仿写：_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
9. 交通污染（Text A）
原句：The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also light weight and safe enough to be carried around.
中文翻译：______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
结构分析：
- 并列结构：not just A, but also B → 强调_____________________
- 多重形容词排序：____________________个前置定语
写作迁移：用"not just...but also..."写理想职业要求（主题：医生）
→ 仿写_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
10. 社区关系（Text C）
原句：Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor to champion "New York as a decent place to live".
中文翻译：_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
结构分析：
- 现在分词开头：Describing... → 逻辑主语是________________________
- 固定搭配：call on sb. to do → 意为______________________
写作迁移：用"v-ing..., sb. did..."描述环保行动（主题：垃圾分类）
→ 仿写：_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
可再生能源
原句：Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task. ‘We need to speed up the development of green energy, and it will all get used,’ says Wipke.
中文翻译：_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
结构分析：
-主句谓语：______（动词，后接宾语从句）
-直接引语分隔结构：______（人名）将引语分为前后两部分
-引语中的并列句：and连接______和______（时态分别为______和______）
-固定搭配：be up to the task 意为______
-写作迁移：用"主句+直接引语"结构写科学家对AI发展的评价（主题：人工智能）
→ 仿写：_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
写作教学
原句：For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre and that it contain a thesis.
中文翻译_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
结构分析：
-插入的同位语：______________解释_________________（用逗号分隔）
-并列的虚拟语气宾语从句：
that the piece _____________________（动词原形，省略___________）
that it ____________________________（动词原形，省略____________）
-专业术语：specifications of its genre 指______________________
-写作迁移：用"for+项目，同位语，要求that从句"结构描述研究任务（主题：科学实验）
→ 仿写：_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________ 13. 城市保护
原句：Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor to champion ‘New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.’
中文翻译：_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________ 结构分析：
-现在分词状语：_____________________________（逻辑主语必须为____________________）
-固定搭配：call on sb. to do 表示_____________________
-直接引语功能：_______________________（具体说明champion的内容）
-并列否定：not just...but... 的省略形式为________________________
-写作迁移：用"v-ing状语开头+call on sb. to do"写环保倡议（主题：限塑令）
→ 仿写：_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
14. 微塑料研究
原句：In a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters, researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes — then filtering it after it cools — could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics.
中文翻译：_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________ 结构分析：
-研究背景状语：_________________________（包含刊物名与时间）
-破折号插入语：__________________________（补充_________________步骤）
-主句时态：found that...could...（______时+________________动词表研究发现）
-数据功能：at least 80 percent 强调___________________
-写作迁移：用"in a study..., researchers found that...插入语..."写实验结论（主题：睡眠研究）
→ 仿写：_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
完形填空
原句：That left a house still stuffed with things that, while not particularly valuable, didn’t belong in a landfill.
中文翻译：_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________ 结构分析：
-定语从句嵌套：that...didn’t belong...修饰__________________________
-让步状语省略：while not valuable 完整形式为_____________________________________
-动词搭配：belong in 此处意为_____________________________
-写作迁移：用"leave+宾语+过去分词+that从句"描述物品处理（主题：旧书捐赠）
→ 仿写：_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1. 环保主题（Text A）
原句：It’s estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050.
翻译：据估计，到2050年全球电力需求可能会增加一倍以上。
结构分析：
形式主语：It
真正主语：that引导的从句
时态功能：could more than double（过去将来时，表示基于事实的预测）
写作迁移（太阳能主题）：
It’s estimated that solar power could supply 40% of global electricity by 2040.
2. 教育主题（Text B）
原句：The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart.
翻译：学生们选择了多样化的主题，提交了每篇10到20页的故事，其中的人物拓宽了我的视野并触动了我的心。
结构分析：
核心谓语：took on（承担） + turned in（提交）
独立成分："10 to 20 pages each"（同位语，修饰stories）
定语从句：that指代characters，动词broadened and touched
写作迁移（好书影响）：
I own a novel with characters that teach me the meaning of courage.
3. 城市发展（Text C）
原句：Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere.
翻译：整个社区被拆除，以便为新的道路网络让路，孩子们不得不在其他地方玩耍。
结构分析：
被动语态：were destroyed（动作承受者作主语）
目的短语：make way for（为...腾出空间）
并列逻辑：and连接两个独立分句（被动句 + 主动句）
写作迁移（绿地减少）：
Green spaces were sacrificed to build shopping malls, and citizens lost their relaxation areas.
4. 科技环保（Text D）
原句：Crucially, this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate to trap the plastics.
翻译：关键在于，该过程依赖于水中含有足够的碳酸钙来捕获塑料微粒。
结构分析：
现在分词：containing...（作water的后置定语）
目的状语：to trap...（表示方法目的）
学术动词：relies on ≈ depends on
写作迁移（单词记忆）：
Effective vocabulary learning relies on using words in daily conversations to strengthen memory.
5. 社会现象（Text C）
原句：In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty-six million people, among the highest rate of car ownership in the world.
翻译：在澳大利亚，2600余万人口拥有2000余万辆汽车，位居全球汽车保有率最高之列。
结构分析：
数据对比：over...for...（强调比例失衡）
独立主格：among...（作结果状语，修饰前句整体）
写作迁移（中国高铁）：
China operates 37,000 km of high-speed rail, among the most advanced systems worldwide.
6. 写作教学（Text B）
原句：When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful significance — the ability to connect people.
翻译：当六月的下课铃响起，我带着写满留言的年鉴离开，其中记录了写作最强大的意义——连接人心的能力。
结构分析：
时间状语：When引导从句
破折号功能：解释说明（具体化"significance"）
核心名词短语：ability to... → capacity to...
写作迁移（同学录）：
Graduates received yearbooks with photos that captured their precious memories.
7. 微塑料研究（Text D）
原句：Even bottled water, scientists found earlier this year, contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought.
翻译：科学家今年初发现，即便瓶装水中的微塑料含量也比原先认为的高出10至1000倍。
结构分析：
插入语位置：, scientists found,（分隔主语与谓语）
比较结构：10 to 1,000 times more...than（倍数比较公式）
写作迁移（空气污染）：
Air in cities, researchers confirmed, carries 20 times more pollutants than safety standards allow.
8. 议论文写作（Text B）
原句：I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of communication.
翻译：我走进教室时坚信，写作作为一种沟通手段至关重要。
结构分析：
伴随状语：believing...（表同时发生的心理状态）
宾语从句：that writing is...（作believing的宾语）
写作迁移（英语学习）：
Studying abroad, she realized that cultural immersion is key to language mastery.
9. 交通污染（Text A）
原句：The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also light weight and safe enough to be carried around.
翻译：运输燃料不仅要环保、廉价且高效，还需轻便安全以便携带。
结构分析：
并列结构：not just A, but also B（强调递进）
形容词排序：green, cheap, powerful（性质→性能）
写作迁移（医生职业）：
A qualified doctor must be not just knowledgeable, but also compassionate and patient.
10. 社区关系（Text C）
原句：Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor to champion "New York as a decent place to live".
翻译：简·雅各布斯对用高速公路取代公园的提议感到震惊，呼吁市长捍卫"纽约作为宜居城市"的理念。
结构分析：
现在分词开头：Describing...（逻辑主语=Jane Jacobs）
固定搭配：call on sb. to do（号召某人做某事）
写作迁移（垃圾分类）：
Holding recycling signs, volunteers called on neighbors to separate kitchen waste properly.
11.（可再生能源）
翻译：所幸分析表明，可再生能源能够胜任这一任务。威普克表示："我们需要加速绿色能源开发，它们终将全部派上用场。"
结构分析：
suggest
says Wipke
need to speed up / it will get used；一般现在时 / 一般将来时
能够胜任
仿写范例：
Studies indicate that AI is up to complex diagnostics. "We must prioritize ethical algorithms, and they will benefit humanity," notes Dr. Chen.
12.（写作教学）
翻译：接下来的两项作业——个人叙事单元与创意写作工坊——我只要求作品符合体裁规范且包含论点。
结构分析：
a personal-narrative unit...workshop / assignments
meet / contain
体裁规范
仿写范例：
For the biology project, a lab report followed by a presentation, the professor required that the data be accurate and that the analysis include statistical evidence.
13.（城市保护）
翻译：简·雅各布斯对用高速公路取代公园的提议感到震惊，呼吁市长捍卫"纽约作为宜居之地，而非匆匆过境之处"的理念。
结构分析：
Describing...expressway / Jane Jacobs
呼吁某人做某事
具体化champion的目标
not just...but (also)...
仿写范例：
Witnessing plastic waste polluting beaches, activists called on supermarkets to promote "reusable bags as a necessity, not just an option."
14.（微塑料研究）
翻译：中国研究人员在周三发表于《环境科学与技术通讯》的研究中发现，将自来水煮沸五分钟——冷却后过滤——可去除其中至少80%的微塑料。
结构分析：
In a study...Letters
then filtering...cools / 实验
过去 / 情态
有效性下限
仿写范例：
In a 2023 study published in Sleep Health, scientists found that using blue-light filters — especially after 9 pm — could improve sleep quality by 30%.
15.（搬家困境）
翻译：这导致房子里仍堆满物品——它们虽不特别珍贵，但也不该进入垃圾填埋场。
结构分析：
things
while they were not...
应该存在于...
仿写范例：
The campaign left classrooms filled with books that, while outdated, deserved recycling rather than disposal