Section Ⅲ Using language
语法项目——构词法
语境中体悟
What is language for It is for the exchange of ideas and information①. It's meaningless② knowing all about a language if you can't use it freely③. Many students I have met know hundreds of grammar rules, but they can't speak correctly④ or fluently⑤. They think English is a headache⑥. They are frightened⑦ of making mistakes. They are unable⑧ to communicate with a foreigner⑨. Native speakers⑩make mistakes and break rules, too. Though Chinese students who are learning English should pay attention to grammar, they shouldn't overdo it. They should put communication first. When communicating with others, calm down and have a try .
[语法入门]
①派生：inform(告知)＋ ation(名词后缀)→n.信息
②派生：mean(意思是)＋ ing(名词后缀)＋ less(形容词后缀，表示“无”)→adj.无意义的
③派生：free(自由的)＋ ly(副词后缀)→adv.自由地，自如地
④派生：correct(正确的) ＋ ly(副词后缀)→adv.正确地
⑤派生：fluent(流利的)＋ ly(副词后缀)→adv.流利地
⑥合成：head(头)＋ache(疼痛)→n.头疼
⑦派生：fright(害怕)＋ en(动词后缀)＋ ed(表示感情的形容词后缀)→adj.害怕的
⑧派生：un (否定前缀)＋able(能)→adj.不能的
⑨派生：foreign(外国的)＋ er(名词后缀)→n.外国人
⑩派生：speak(说话)＋ er(名词后缀)→n.说话者
合成：over(超过)＋do(做)→v. 做过头
派生：communicate(交流)＋ ion(名词后缀)→n.交流
转化：calm(adj.镇静的)→calm(v.镇静)
转化：try(v.尝试) →try(n.尝试)
学案中理清
英语中单词的构成方法常见的有：合成法、派生法、转化法、截短法和缩略法。
一、合成法
合成法是把两个或两个以上的独立且语义不同的单词连在一起合成一个新词，有的用连字符“ ”连接，有的直接写在一起，还有的由分开的两个词构成。用合成法构成的词叫做合成词。
1．合成名词
构成方式 举例 构成方式 举例
名词＋名词 bookshop书店 动词＋名词 playground操场
名词＋动词 daybreak破晓 副词＋名词 downtown市中心
名词＋动词 ing handwriting书写 形容词＋名词 greenhouse温室
2．合成形容词
构成方式 举例 构成方式 举例
名词＋动词-ing peace-loving爱好和平的 形容词＋名词 part-time兼职的
名词＋动词-ed man-made人造的 形容词＋动词-ing good-looking好看的
副词＋动词-ing outstanding杰出的 形容词＋名词-ed warm-hearted热心的
3.合成副词
构成方式 举例 构成方式 举例
形容词＋名词 sometimes有时 副词＋名词 indoors在室内
介词＋名词 alongside在一边 副词＋介词 nearby在附近
4.合成代词
构成方式 举例
代词宾格＋self herself她自己 himself他自己
物主代词＋self myself我自己 yourself你自己
代词＋名词 anything 任何东西somebody 某个人
5.合成动词
构成方式 举例
名词＋动词 sunbathe晒太阳 typewrite打字
形容词＋动词 whitewash粉饰 safeguard保卫
副词＋动词 overthrow推翻 upset使生气
[名师点津]
(1)合成名词的复数形式通常是把主体名词变复数。若没有主体名词，则在最后一个词后面加复数形式。例如：father in law→fathers in law, grown up→grown ups。
(2)由man或woman构成的合成名词变复数时，两个名词都要变成复数。
例如：woman doctor→women doctors。
(3)由“名词＋名词”构成的合成名词，在变复数时，只变化中心名词，而修饰名词不变。
例如：girlfriend→girlfriends。
[对点练]
(1)写出下列合成词的汉语意思
①salesman ______________
②snow white ______________
③hard working ______________
④blacklist ______________
⑤roommate ______________
⑥overeat ______________
(2)将下列合成名词变为复数形式
①daughter in law→ ______________
②go between→ ______________
③man teacher→ ______________
④Englishman→ ______________
二、派生法
派生法是指在一个单词的前面加上前缀或后面加上后缀而构成一个新词。
1．前缀
前缀一般只改变单词的意思，不改变词性。
分类 举例
常见否定前缀 il-→illegal 非法的un-→unhappy 不高兴的im-→impatient 不耐烦的dis-→disappear 消失in-→incorrect 不正确的ir-→irregular 不规则的
表示其他意义的常见前缀 anti-(反对；抵抗)→antibody 抗体sub-(下面的)→subway 地铁inter-(互相)→Internet 互联网re-(再；又)→rewrite 重写en-(使……)→enrich 使富足pre-(前；预先)→preview 预习post-(后的)→post-war 战后的mid-(中；半)→midnight 午夜vice-(副的)→vice-manager 副经理micro-(微)→microscope 显微镜for-/fore-(先；预)→forecast 预报co-(共；同)→cooperation 合作mini-(小型)→miniskirt 迷你裙
2．后缀
后缀常会改变单词的词性，构成意思相近的其他词性；少数后缀还会改变词义，变为与原来词义相反的新词。
分类 列举 举例
常见名词后缀 -er/-or(从事……的人)-ese(某地人)-ess(雌性)-ian(……的人)-ist(专业人员)-ism(主义)-ment(性质；状态)-ness(性质)-tion/-ation(动作；过程)-dom(状态；区域) teacher 教师Chinese 中国人waitress 女服务员musician 音乐家artist 艺术家optimism 乐观主义movement 运动darkness 黑暗invention 发明freedom 自由
常见动词后缀 -en(变成)-fy(使……化)-ize(使……成为) widen 加宽beautify 美化realize 实现
常见形容词后缀 -al, -able, -an, -ble-ern, -ful, -ive -less, -like, -ly, -y -ous, -some national 民族的reasonable 合理的careful 细心的active 有活力的useless 无用的friendly 友好的dangerous 危险的
常见副词后缀 -ly(以……方式)-ward(s)(表示方向) quickly 迅速地angrily 生气地northward(s) 朝北upward(s) 向上
常见数词后缀 -teen, -th, -ty thirteen 十三fourth 第四fifty 五十
[对点练] (单句语法填空)
①(2024·浙江1月高考)__________ (sudden) I was locked outside. My mobile phone was inside, but __________ (lucky) there was a telephone box across the street.
②(2024·浙江1月高考)Follow up studies with the children later in life showed a ________ (connect) between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and ________ (vary) forms of success.
③(2023·全国甲卷)So, it's been __________ (use) to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I've moved out.
④(2023·全国甲卷)I __________ (courage) you to take his offer. It's worth your time, even if time is something we don't have a lot of.
⑤(2022·全国甲卷)Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental __________ (protect)．
⑥(2022·全国甲卷)Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more __________ (meaning).
三、转化法
转化法是指把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的方法。
转化 举例
名词↑↓动词 hand 手/递 watch 手表/观看smoke 烟/吸烟 fish 鱼/钓鱼
名词↑↓形容词 light 光线/轻的 wrong 错误/错的right 右边/对的
动词↑↓形容词 clean 打扫/干净的 close 关上/近的 free 使自由/自由的
副词↑↓形容词 enough 足够地/足够的 last 最后/最后的hard 努力地/辛苦的
读音不同，词性不同 这些词作动词时重音在后，作名词时重音在前：contest 竞赛 export 出口increase 增加 permit 允许record 记录 refuse 拒绝progress 进步
[对点练] (同义句转换)
①We had lunch together after the meeting.
→We ____________ together after the meeting.
②Let's fill the water into this bottle.
→Let's __________ the water.
③You are so fat that you have to go on a diet.
→You are so fat that you have to __________.
④Snow often falls in my hometown in winter.
→It often ______________ in my hometown in winter.
四、截短法
截短法，即将单词缩写，词义和词性保持不变，主要有截头、去尾、截头去尾等形式。
方式 简写 全称 汉语
首部截短 phone telephone 电话
词尾截短 dorm dormitory 集体宿舍
首尾部截短 flu influenza 流行性感冒
五、缩略法
缩略法，即用单词首尾字母组成一个新词。读音主要有两种形式：各字母分别读音；作为一个单词读音。
缩写 全称 汉语
UN United Nations 联合国
VIP Very Important Person 大人物，贵宾
ID Identification Card 身份证明
IT Information Technology 信息技术
PRC People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国
WHO World Health Organization 世界卫生组织
BBC British Broadcasting Corporation 英国广播公司
[对点练] (写出下列缩写词)
①the Communist Party of China→________中国共产党
②the United States→the ________ 美国
③the Voice of America→________ 美国之音
④World Wide Web→________ 万维网
应用中融通
Ⅰ.写出黑体词的词性及词义
1．Her words warmed his heart.__________
2．Each young person must shoulder his responsibility.__________
3．Mum, I'm going to water the garden.__________
4．I have booked two rooms for the whole family.__________
5．The government hopes to better the conditions of the peasants.__________
6．Which country is to host the next Olympic Games？__________
7．The cars are made for the home market.__________
8．This apartment can house six people and a dog.__________
9．Every year, fresh fruit from these trees is shipped from one country to another. __________
Ⅱ.利用构词法知识，结合所给提示补全短文
Zhang Liang, my ①__________(同班同学) is ②__________ (勤奋的)．To improve his listening skill, every day he gets up at six and listens to VOA.What's more, he is also ③__________ (热心的) and willing to help others. On his way to school yesterday, he came across a ④__________ (home) person and ⑤__________ (递给) some food to him.He sets an example to us students.
一、由听力厚积语料库
1．______________一种中国传统食物
2．______________ 等等
3．______________ 来自汉语
4．______________ 关心；在乎
5．take a look at this message ______________
6．laugh out loud ______________
7．on the Internet ______________
8．keep up with the times ______________
二、教材录音材料的发掘训练
1．Where does “dim sum” come from？( )
A．Mandarin.
B．English.
C．Guangdong dialect.
2．What does “cellfish” mean in the dialogue？( )
A．Talking very loud.
B．Only caring about oneself.
C．Using one's own cellphone.
3．Who sent the message “LOL”？( )
A．Lucy. B．Bob. C．Not mentioned.
三、依据教材听力完成句子
1．I'm going to __________________________ from the restaurant downstairs.
2．When you say “selfish”， you mean ____________________________ and not about other people, right
3．It means using a cellphone in a way ____________________________________________.
4．It's __________________ “laugh out loud”.
5．You use it to show ____________________.
四、听说交际训练
根据提示，完成下面关于讨论语言学习的对话。
W：Good afternoon, Mr. Franklin. Welcome to our radio program.
M：Thanks for inviting me, Mary.
W：We know that ①________________________________ (你在教德语) at a local school.
M：Yes, after my graduation I started working in the school and I have been working there for more than three years.
W：Are you German
M：No, I am English. I studied German for four years at university and now I'd like to② __________________________________ (分享我学习德语的经验) with you.
W：Do you think learning grammar is important
M：Yes, you should at least learn the basic grammar rules. That will help you understand and ③____________________________ (更好地使用这门语言). Also, it will make it easier to go on to a more advanced level. If you don't even understand the language's basic grammar, it will be extremely difficult to ④__________________________________ (流利地说这门语言)．
W：What's a good way to remember vocabulary
M：I ⑤__________________ (制作单词卡片) with a word written on one side and its translation written on the other side. I usually look at the cards when I have a few minutes of free time. Besides, it's better to remember some phrases such as “⑥__________________ (笑出声来)” “ come across” “wind up” ⑦______________ (等等)．
W: That sounds good. Thank you for your good suggestions.
1．When you open a dictionary, you often come across a lot of unfamiliar words.
当你打开词典时，你经常会遇到许多不熟悉的单词。
★come across偶然发现；偶然遇见
|用|法|感|知|
(哲理性结尾)Life is short, and if you ever come across a beautiful, exciting, crazy moment in it, you have got to seize it while you can before that moment's gone.
人生短暂，如果你有机会碰到美丽、激动、疯狂的时刻，就在那一刻消失之前尽你所能紧紧把握住它。
(“场景描写”佳句)The sun had only just come up over the horizon, but he already could feel its hot rays against his face.
太阳刚刚从地平线上升起，但他已经能感觉到它炽热的光线照射在他的脸上。
(“动作描写”佳句)He walked up to me and said in a low voice, “Come on.You can do that.”
他走近我，低声说：“加油。你能行的。”
come on 快点；加油；出场
come out 出现；开花；出版；显示
come up (问题、计划等)被提出；升起；发生
come up with 提出；想出
|应|用|融|会|
(1)完成句子
①The storybook, intended for English beginner, __________________________.
这本专为英语初学者编写的故事书将于明年出版。
②(2024·浙江1月高考)The tip that ______________________________： build online courses into your weekly schedule, just like what you would do with in person courses.
最经常提出的建议很简单：将在线课程纳入你的每周日程表，就像你在面授课程中所做的那样。
③Inspired by what the teacher said, Anne ____________________________ for her new project.在老师的话语的启发下，安妮为她的新项目想出了一个新主意。
(2)替换加黑词汇
④When you run into a difficult problem, think about it by yourself first. __________
2．likely adj.可能的，可能发生的
|用|法|感|知|
(“心理描写”佳句)When the helicopter arrived, my heart leaping with joy, I knew we were likely to be saved.当直升机抵达时，我的心高兴得怦怦直跳，我知道我们有希望得救了。
(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)It is likely that students may feel uncomfortable or less motivated if paired with someone they don't get along with.
如果学生和他们相处不来的人搭档，他们可能会感到不舒服或缺乏动力。
(主旨升华句)We may face some difficulties and prejudices, but we are likely achievers if we put our heart into it.
我们可能会面临一些困难和偏见，但只要我们用心，就都有可能成为成功者。
be likely to 有可能……；有希望……
It is likely that ... 有可能……
most/very likely 很可能
|应|用|融|会|(句型转换)
①It is most likely that my parents will not allow me to go.
→My parents __________________________ me to go.
②Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be a Beethoven.
→Brian is gifted in writing music; it is _______________________________ to be a Beethoven.
→Brian is gifted in writing music; it is ______________________ that he will be a Beethoven.
[易混辨析] likely, possible, probable
likely 指从外表、迹象上进行判断，有可能发生。既可以用人也可以用物作主语 It is likely that ...或Sb./Sth.is likely to ...
possible 指客观上有可能，但往往含有希望很小的意味。不能用人作主语 It is possible (for sb.) to do sth.或It is possible that ...
probable 可能性比possible大，表示“很可能，十有八九”。不能用人作主语 It's probable that ...
Section Ⅲ
语法专题突破
学案中理清
一、(1)①售货员 ②雪白的 ③勤奋的 ④黑名单 ⑤室友 ⑥使吃过量； 吃得过饱
(2)①daughters in law ②go betweens ③men teachers ④Englishmen
二、①Suddenly; luckily ②connection; various ③useful
④encourage ⑤protection ⑥meaningful
三、①lunched ②bottle ③diet ④snows
五、①CPC ②US ③VOA ④WWW
应用中融通
Ⅰ.1.v.温暖 2.v.肩负，承担 3.v.给……浇水 4.v.预订 5.v.改善 6.v.主办 7.adj.国内的 8.v.给(某人)提供住处
9．v.船运
Ⅱ.①classmate ②hard working ③warm hearted
④homeless ⑤handed
听力发掘训练
一、1.a kind of traditional Chinese food 2.and so on
3．come from Chinese 4.care about 5.看看这条信息
6．笑出声来 7.在互联网上 8.跟上时代
二、1～3 CBA
三、1.buy something to eat 2.only caring about yourself
3．that shows you don't care about the other people around you
4．a shorter way of saying 5.you think something is very funny
四、①you are teaching German ②share my experience in learning German ③use the language better ④speak the language fluently ⑤make word cards ⑥laugh out loud
⑦and so on
新知深化学习
1．①will come out next year ②comes up most often is simple ③came up with a new idea ④come across
2．①are most likely not to allow
②very possible for him; very likely/possible/probable
1 / 12(共101张PPT)
Section Ⅲ
Using language
目 录
语法专题突破
听力发掘训练
课时跟踪检测
新知深化学习
语法专题突破
语法项目——构词法
语境中体悟
What is language for It is for the exchange of ideas and information①. It's meaningless② knowing all about a language if you can't use it freely③. Many students I have met know hundreds of grammar rules, but they can't speak correctly④ or fluently⑤.
They think English is a headache⑥. They are frightened⑦ of making mistakes. They are unable⑧ to communicate with a foreigner⑨. Native speakers⑩make mistakes and break rules, too. Though Chinese students who are learning English should pay attention to grammar, they shouldn't overdo it. They should put communication first. When communicating with others, calm down and have a try .
[语法入门]
①派生：inform(告知)＋-ation(名词后缀)→n.信息
②派生：mean(意思是)＋-ing(名词后缀)＋-less(形容词后缀，表示“无”)→adj.无意义的
③派生：free(自由的)＋-ly(副词后缀)→adv.自由地，自如地
④派生：correct(正确的) ＋-ly(副词后缀)→adv.正确地
⑤派生：fluent(流利的)＋-ly(副词后缀)→adv.流利地
⑥合成：head(头)＋ache(疼痛)→n.头疼
⑦派生：fright(害怕)＋-en(动词后缀)＋-ed(表示感情的形容词后缀)→adj.害怕的
⑧派生：un-(否定前缀)＋able(能)→adj.不能的
⑨派生：foreign(外国的)＋-er(名词后缀)→n.外国人
⑩派生：speak(说话)＋-er(名词后缀)→n.说话者
合成：over(超过)＋do(做)→v. 做过头
派生：communicate(交流)＋-ion(名词后缀)→n.交流
转化：calm(adj.镇静的)→calm(v.镇静)
转化：try(v.尝试) →try(n.尝试)
学案中理清
英语中单词的构成方法常见的有：合成法、派生法、转化法、截短法和缩略法。
一、合成法
合成法是把两个或两个以上的独立且语义不同的单词连在一起合成一个新词，有的用连字符“-”连接，有的直接写在一起，还有的由分开的两个词构成。用合成法构成的词叫做合成词。
1．合成名词
构成方式 举例 构成方式 举例
名词＋名词 bookshop书店 动词＋名词 playground操场
名词＋动词 daybreak破晓 副词＋名词 downtown市中心
名词＋动词-ing handwriting书写 形容词＋名词 greenhouse温室
2．合成形容词
构成方式 举例 构成方式 举例
名词＋ 动词-ing peace-loving 爱好和平的 形容词＋名词 part-time
兼职的
名词＋ 动词-ed man-made 人造的 形容词＋ 动词-ing good-looking
好看的
副词＋ 动词-ing outstanding 杰出的 形容词＋ 名词-ed warm-hearted
热心的
3．合成副词
构成方式 举例 构成方式 举例
形容词＋名词 sometimes有时 副词＋名词 indoors在室内
介词＋名词 alongside在一边 副词＋介词 nearby在附近
4.合成代词
构成方式 举例
代词宾格＋self herself她自己 himself他自己
物主代词＋self myself我自己 yourself你自己
代词＋名词 anything 任何东西
somebody 某个人
5．合成动词
构成方式 举例
名词＋动词 sunbathe晒太阳 typewrite打字
形容词＋动词 whitewash粉饰 safeguard保卫
副词＋动词 overthrow推翻 upset使生气
[名师点津]
(1)合成名词的复数形式通常是把主体名词变复数。若没有主体名词，则在最后一个词后面加复数形式。例如：father-in-law→fathers-in-law, grown-up→grown-ups。
(2)由man或woman构成的合成名词变复数时，两个名词都要变成复数。
例如：woman doctor→women doctors。
(3)由“名词＋名词”构成的合成名词，在变复数时，只变化中心名词，而修饰名词不变。
例如：girlfriend→girlfriends。
[对点练]
(1)写出下列合成词的汉语意思
①salesman ______
②snow-white ______
③hard-working ______
④blacklist ______
⑤roommate ____
⑥overeat ____________________
售货员
雪白的
勤奋的
黑名单
室友
使吃过量； 吃得过饱
(2)将下列合成名词变为复数形式
①daughter-in-law→_________________
②go-between→___________
③man teacher→____________
④Englishman→___________
daughters-in-law
go-betweens
men teachers
Englishmen
二、派生法
派生法是指在一个单词的前面加上前缀或后面加上后缀而构成一个新词。
1．前缀
前缀一般只改变单词的意思，不改变词性。
分类 举例
常见 否定 前缀 il-→illegal 非法的
un-→unhappy 不高兴的
im-→impatient 不耐烦的
dis-→disappear 消失
in-→incorrect 不正确的
ir-→irregular 不规则的
续表
表示其 他意义 的常见 前缀 anti-(反对；抵抗)→antibody 抗体 sub-(下面的)→subway 地铁
inter-(互相)→Internet 互联网 re-(再；又)→rewrite 重写
en-(使……)→enrich 使富足 pre-(前；预先)→preview 预习
post-(后的)→post-war 战后的 mid-(中；半)→midnight 午夜
vice-(副的)→vice-manager 副经理 micro-(微)→microscope 显微镜
for-/fore-(先；预)→forecast 预报 co-(共；同)→cooperation 合作
mini-(小型)→miniskirt 迷你裙
2．后缀
后缀常会改变单词的词性，构成意思相近的其他词性；少数后缀还会改变词义，变为与原来词义相反的新词。
分类 列举 举例
常见 名词 后缀 -er/-or(从事……的人) -ese(某地人) -ess(雌性) -ian(……的人) -ist(专业人员) -ism(主义) -ment(性质；状态) -ness(性质) -tion/-ation(动作；过程) -dom(状态；区域) teacher 教师
Chinese 中国人
waitress 女服务员
musician 音乐家
artist 艺术家
optimism 乐观主义
movement 运动
darkness 黑暗
invention 发明
freedom 自由
续表
常见 动词 后缀 -en(变成) -fy(使……化) -ize(使……成为) widen 加宽
beautify 美化
realize 实现
常见 形容 词 后缀 -al, -able, -an, -ble -ern, -ful, -ive -less, -like, -ly, -y -ous, -some national 民族的
reasonable 合理的
careful 细心的
active 有活力的
useless 无用的
friendly 友好的
dangerous 危险的
常见 副词 后缀 -ly(以……方式) -ward(s)(表示方向) quickly 迅速地
angrily 生气地
northward(s) 朝北
upward(s) 向上
常见 数词 后缀 -teen, -th, -ty thirteen 十三
fourth 第四
fifty 五十
续表
[对点练] (单句语法填空)
①(2024·浙江1月高考) (sudden) I was locked outside. My mobile phone was inside, but (lucky) there was a telephone box across the street.
②(2024·浙江1月高考)Follow-up studies with the children later in life showed a (connect) between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and (vary) forms of success.
Suddenly
luckily
connection
various
③(2023·全国甲卷)So, it's been (use) to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I've moved out.
④(2023·全国甲卷)I (courage) you to take his offer. It's worth your time, even if time is something we don't have a lot of.
useful
encourage
⑤(2022·全国甲卷)Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental (protect)．
⑥(2022·全国甲卷)Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more (meaning).
protection
meaningful
三、转化法
转化法是指把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的方法。
转化 举例
名词 ↑↓ 动词 hand 手/递 watch 手表/观看
smoke 烟/吸烟 fish 鱼/钓鱼
名词 ↑↓ 形容词 light 光线/轻的 wrong 错误/错的
right 右边/对的
动词 ↑↓ 形容词 clean 打扫/干净的 close 关上/近的
free 使自由/自由的
副词 ↑↓ 形容词 enough 足够地/足够的
last 最后/最后的
hard 努力地/辛苦的
续表
续表
读音不同， 词性不同 这些词作动词时重音在后，作名词时重音在前：
contest 竞赛 export 出口
increase 增加 permit 允许
record 记录 refuse 拒绝
progress 进步
[对点练] (同义句转换)
①We had lunch together after the meeting.
→We together after the meeting.
②Let's fill the water into this bottle.
→Let's the water.
lunched
bottle
③You are so fat that you have to go on a diet.
→You are so fat that you have to .
④Snow often falls in my hometown in winter.
→It often in my hometown in winter.
diet
snows
四、截短法
截短法，即将单词缩写，词义和词性保持不变，主要有截头、去尾、截头去尾等形式。
方式 简写 全称 汉语
首部截短 phone telephone 电话
词尾截短 dorm dormitory 集体宿舍
首尾部截短 flu influenza 流行性感冒
五、缩略法
缩略法，即用单词首尾字母组成一个新词。读音主要有两种形式：各字母分别读音；作为一个单词读音。
缩写 全称 汉语
UN United Nations 联合国
VIP Very Important Person 大人物，贵宾
ID Identification Card 身份证明
IT Information Technology 信息技术
PRC People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国
WHO World Health Organization 世界卫生组织
BBC British Broadcasting Corporation 英国广播公司
[对点练] (写出下列缩写词)
①the Communist Party of China→ 中国共产党
②the United States→the 美国
③the Voice of America→ 美国之音
④World Wide Web→ 万维网
CPC
US
VOA
WWW
应用中融通
Ⅰ.写出黑体词的词性及词义
1．Her words warmed his heart._______
2．Each young person must shoulder his responsibility._____________
3．Mum, I'm going to water the garden.____________
4．I have booked two rooms for the whole family.______
5．The government hopes to better the conditions of the peasants.______
v.温暖
v.肩负，承担
v.给……浇水
v.预订
v.改善
6．Which country is to host the next Olympic Games？_______
7．The cars are made for the home market.__________
8．This apartment can house six people and a dog.__________________
9．Every year, fresh fruit from these trees is shipped from one country to another. ________
v.主办
adj.国内的
v.给(某人)提供住处
v．船运
Ⅱ.利用构词法知识，结合所给提示补全短文
Zhang Liang, my ① (同班同学) is ② (勤奋的)．To improve his listening skill, every day he gets up at six and listens to VOA.What's more, he is also ③ (热心的) and willing to help others. On his way to school yesterday, he came across a ④ (home) person and ⑤ (递给) some food to him.He sets an example to us students.
classmate
hard-working
warm-hearted
homeless
handed
听力发掘训练
一、由听力厚积语料库
1． 一种中国传统食物
2． 等等
3． 来自汉语
4． 关心；在乎
a kind of traditional Chinese food
and so on
come from Chinese
care about
5．take a look at this message ____________
6．laugh out loud _________
7．on the Internet ___________
8．keep up with the times _________
看看这条信息
笑出声来
在互联网上
跟上时代
二、教材录音材料的发掘训练
1．Where does “dim sum” come from
A．Mandarin.
B．English.
C．Guangdong dialect.
√
2．What does “cellfish” mean in the dialogue
A．Talking very loud.
B．Only caring about oneself.
C．Using one's own cellphone.
√
3．Who sent the message “LOL”？
A．Lucy. B．Bob. C．Not mentioned.
√
三、依据教材听力完成句子
1．I'm going to from the restaurant downstairs.
2．When you say “selfish”， you mean and not about other people, right
3．It means using a cellphone in a way ____________________________ __________________________.
4．It's “laugh out loud”.
5．You use it to show .
buy something to eat
only caring about yourself
that shows you don't care about
the other people around you
a shorter way of saying
you think something is very funny
四、听说交际训练
根据提示，完成下面关于讨论语言学习的对话。
W：Good afternoon, Mr. Franklin. Welcome to our radio program.
M：Thanks for inviting me, Mary.
W：We know that ①_______________________ (你在教德语) at a local school.
you are teaching German
M：Yes, after my graduation I started working in the school and I have been working there for more than three years.
W：Are you German
M：No, I am English. I studied German for four years at university and now I'd like to② ____________________________________(分享我学习德语的经验) with you.
W：Do you think learning grammar is important
share my experience in learning German
M：Yes, you should at least learn the basic grammar rules. That will help you understand and ③ (更好地使用这门语言). Also, it will make it easier to go on to a more advanced level. If you don't even understand the language's basic grammar, it will be extremely difficult to ④ (流利地说这门语言)．
W：What's a good way to remember vocabulary
use the language better
speak the language fluently
M：I ⑤ (制作单词卡片) with a word written on one side and its translation written on the other side. I usually look at the cards when I have a few minutes of free time. Besides, it's better to remember some phrases such as “⑥ (笑出声来)” “ come across” “wind up” ⑦ (等等)．
W: That sounds good. Thank you for your good suggestions.
make word cards
laugh out loud
and so on
新知深化学习
1．When you open a dictionary, you often come across a lot of unfamiliar words.
当你打开词典时，你经常会遇到许多不熟悉的单词。
★come across偶然发现；偶然遇见
|用|法|感|知|
(哲理性结尾)Life is short, and if you ever come across a beautiful, exciting, crazy moment in it, you have got to seize it while you can before that moment's gone.
人生短暂，如果你有机会碰到美丽、激动、疯狂的时刻，就在那一刻消失之前尽你所能紧紧把握住它。
(“场景描写”佳句)The sun had only just come up over the horizon, but he already could feel its hot rays against his face.
太阳刚刚从地平线上升起，但他已经能感觉到它炽热的光线照射在他的脸上。
(“动作描写”佳句)He walked up to me and said in a low voice, “Come on.You can do that.”
他走近我，低声说：“加油。你能行的。”
归纳点拨
come on 快点；加油；出场
come out 出现；开花；出版；显示
come up (问题、计划等)被提出；升起；发生
come up with 提出；想出
|应|用|融|会|
(1)完成句子
①The storybook, intended for English beginner, ________________ _____.
这本专为英语初学者编写的故事书将于明年出版。
will come out next
year
②(2024·浙江1月高考)The tip that build online courses into your weekly schedule, just like what you would do with in-person courses.
最经常提出的建议很简单： 将在线课程纳入你的每周日程表，就像你在面授课程中所做的那样。
③Inspired by what the teacher said, Anne ______________________ for her new project.
在老师的话语的启发下，安妮为她的新项目想出了一个新主意。
comes up most often is simple:
came up with a new idea
(2)替换加蓝词汇
④When you run into a difficult problem, think about it by yourself first.___________
come across
2．likely adj.可能的，可能发生的
|用|法|感|知|
(“心理描写”佳句)When the helicopter arrived, my heart leaping with joy, I knew we were likely to be saved.
当直升机抵达时，我的心高兴得怦怦直跳，我知道我们有希望得救了。
(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)It is likely that students may feel uncomfortable or less motivated if paired with someone they don't get along with.
如果学生和他们相处不来的人搭档，他们可能会感到不舒服或缺乏动力。
(主旨升华句)We may face some difficulties and prejudices, but we are likely achievers if we put our heart into it.
我们可能会面临一些困难和偏见，但只要我们用心，就都有可能成为成功者。
归纳点拨
be likely to 有可能……；有希望……
It is likely that ... 有可能……
most/very likely 很可能
|应|用|融|会|(句型转换)
①It is most likely that my parents will not allow me to go.
→My parents me to go.
②Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be a Beethoven.
→Brian is gifted in writing music; it is to be a Beethoven.
→Brian is gifted in writing music; it is __________________________ that he will be a Beethoven.
are most likely not to allow
very possible for him
very likely/possible/probable
[易混辨析] likely, possible, probable
likely 指从外表、迹象上进行判断，有可能发生。既可以用人也可以用物作主语 It is likely that ...或Sb./Sth.is likely to ...
possible 指客观上有可能，但往往含有希望很小的意味。不能用人作主语 It is possible (for sb.) to do sth.或It is possible that ...
probable 可能性比possible大，表示“很可能，十有八九”。不能用人作主语 It's probable that ...
课时跟踪检测
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Elements of Latin have made their way into many Western countries. Data varies, but as much as 70% of words in English have a Latin or Greek root.
By learning more about these roots and how they combine to create words, you will have an advantage in understanding new words, even if you've never seen them before.
The great thing is that it's not hard to learn these roots and recognise the patterns. You're not learning the whole language with its grammar and difficult points. You just need to memorise some parts of the vocabulary that you often see in English.
So how do word roots work
Every word has a root. This part contains the key to a word's meaning. Take the word “happy” for example. This word only contains the root, which means “full of joy”. There's nothing more to the meaning of the word in this form.
Some words, however, have extra parts. We call these affixes, including prefixes, the part attached before the root, and suffixes, the part attached behind the root. Based on the additional meaning of the prefixes and suffixes, the meaning of the final word will be shaped to mean something new.
Take the word “autobiography” for example. The root is “bio”， meaning life. You may have noticed that many words with “bio” have something to do with life or living beings — biology, biography, and so on. When the suffix “graph”， meaning to write, is added to it, it means a story about someone's or something's life. “Auto” means by oneself. Altogether, an “autobiography” is a story about a person's life, written by the person himself or herself.
In a word, a better grasp of word roots can make you understand the English language better, and will help you with your vocabulary recognition and memory skills.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了英语词根在英语单词学习中的重要作用。
1．What's needed to understand new words with roots
A．A good understanding of Latin or Greek.
B．A full understanding of grammar.
C．The ability to recognise different parts of words.
D．The ability to speak various Western languages.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段可知，用词根理解生词需要拥有识别单词不同部分的能力。
√
2．What do we know about the root
A．It can't form a word by itself.
B．It is a necessary part of a word.
C．It is of greater importance than affixes.
D．It has no impact on a word's meaning.
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段的“Every word has a root.”可知，词根是构成一个单词必不可少的一部分。
√
3．What is the meaning of “biochemistry”？
A．The science that is related to living things.
B．A person who does research about chemistry.
C．A person who does research about living things.
D．The study of chemical reactions related to living things.
√
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“You may have noticed that many words with ‘bio’ have something to do with life or living beings”以及“chemistry”可知，“biochemistry”应当同时含有生物和化学的意思。
4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the passage
A．Secret of Understanding New Words
B．Latin's Way into Western Languages
C．Amazing Power of Affixes
D．Hints on Language Exams
√
解析：标题归纳题。根据第二段并结合下文内容可知，全文主要讲述如何通过词根来更有效地学习新词汇。A项“理解新单词的秘诀”可以作为文章的标题。
Ⅱ.完形填空
There are about fifteen hundred languages in the world. But only a few of them are very 5 . English is one of these. About 200, 000, 000 people speak it as their own language. It is difficult to say how many people are learning it as a 6 language. Many millions are 7 to do so.
Is it easy or difficult to learn English Different people may have different 8 . Have you ever 9 the ads of this kind in newspapers or magazines
“Learn English in six month, or your 10 back... ” “Easy and funny Our records and tapes 11 you master your English in a month. From the first day your 12 will be excellent. Just send... ” Of course, it never 13 quite like this.
The only language that seems easy to learn is the mother tongue. We should 14 that we all learned our own language well when we were 15 . If we could learn English in the same way, it would not seem so difficult. 16 what a small child does. He listens to what people say. He tries what he hears. When he is using the language, talking in it, and 17 in it all the time, just imagine how much 18 that he gets!
So it is 19 to say that learning English is easy, because a good command of English depends upon a lot of practice.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了英语作为一门重要语言，一直以来被很多广告错误宣传，导致人们认为这门语言很容易学，实际上学好英语需要大量的练习。
5．A.difficult B．important
C．necessary D．easy
解析：根据下文“English is one of these.”可知，此处指只有少数语言很重要(important)，故选B项。
√
6．A.native B．foreign
C．useful D．mother
解析：根据上文“About 200, 000, 000 people speak it as their own language.”可推理出，世界上将英语作为母语的大约人数是确定的，作为外语学习的人数是很难确定的，空白处应填表示“外国的”含义的形容词。native“本国的”；foreign“外国的”；useful“有用的”；mother“母语的”。故选B项。
√
7．A.learning B．enjoying
C．trying D．liking
解析：句意：数以百万计的人正在努力学习它。try to do为固定搭配，含义为“努力去做”，符合语境，故选C项。
√
8．A.questions B．problems
C．ideas D．answers
解析：根据上文“Is it easy or difficult to learn English？”可知，此处是要对上文的问题进行回答。 故选D项。
√
9．A.found B．watched
C．noticed D．known
解析：句意：你注意过报纸或杂志上的这种广告吗？故选C项。
√
10．A.knowledge B．time
C．money D．English
解析：根据上文“Have you ever the ads of this kind in newspapers or magazines？”以及“Learn English in six month, or”可推理出此处为广告词，打广告的人承诺六个月学会英语，否则退款，空白处应填表示“钱”含义的名词，故选C项。
√
11．A.force B．help
C．get D．allow
解析：根据上文“Our records and tapes”以及下文“master your English in a month”可知，此处上下文说的是广告词中宣传的录制品和磁带的功能，它们主要是为了帮助人们学习英语，空白处应填表示“帮助”含义的动词，故选B项。
√
12．A.spelling B．grammar
C．English D．pronunciation
解析：根据上文“Our records and tapes”可知，这是广告词中对发音的宣传。故选D项。
√
13．A.happens B．disappears
C．seems D．feels
解析：根据上文“master your English in a month. From the first day your will be excellent”以及“Of course, it never”并结合常识可推理出，广告中宣传的效果在现实中从来都没有发生。故选A项。
√
14．A.argue B．remember
C．understand D．reflect
解析：根据下文“we all learned our own language well when we were ”可知，这是对小时候的回忆，空白处应填表示“记得”含义的动词。argue“争论”；remember“记得”；understand“理解”；reflect“反映”。故选B项。
√
15．A.students B．children
C．babies D．grown-ups
解析：根据下文可知此处说的是我们在儿童时期很好地学习了母语，空白处应填表示“儿童”含义的名词，故选B项。
√
16．A.Pick up B．Bring up
C．Come across D．Think of
解析：空白处应填表示“想象”含义的词语。pick up“拾起，获得，用车接”；bring up“抚养，提出”；come across“偶然遇到”；think of“想出”。故选D项。
√
17．A.using B．thinking
C．trying D．practicing
解析：句意：当他一直在使用这种语言，用它说话，用它思考时，想象一下他得到了多少练习！故选B项。
√
18．A.comfort B．time
C．support D．practice
解析：根据上文“When he is using the language, talking in it, and thinking in it all the time”可知，此处说的是小孩子在使用语言进行练习，故选D项。
√
19．A.hard B．easy
C．funny D．silly
解析：根据上文“When he is using the language, talking in it, and thinking in it all the time, just imagine how much that he gets！”可知，小孩子经过了很多的练习才学会了母语，可推理出此处表达的是很难说学会英语很容易，故选A项。
√
Ⅲ.语法填空
I started learning English at middle school in China. At that time people 1 (care) more about giving tests on written English, especially at high school. I didn't have much experience in speaking English until I went to college, 2 I had my first foreign teacher from America. She told us the more we practice, the 3 (well) we spoke. At the beginning, I could only say a few 4 (phrase) and simple sentences because of my lack of words. However, one year later, I could communicate 5 more people freely and share my opinion in English.
After 6 (graduate), I moved to Canada and worked in an office. It was 7 large office. People were from different countries. We had to communicate in English at work. Although my 8 (speak) English was better, I still couldn't really understand what they were expressing. Therefore, I volunteered 9 (help) tourists from other countries. I talked more and more. All information around me was in English. Finally, a tourist from Japan asked me if I grew up in Britain. How 10 (encourage) his words were!
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者介绍了自己在中学、大学阶段学英语的过程及工作后使用英语的感悟。
1．cared 考查动词时态。该空所给动词care在句中作谓语，作者在回忆自己的中学时代，应使用一般过去时。故填cared。
2．where 考查定语从句。该空需要一个关系词引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明前面的名词college，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应填关系副词where。故填where。
3．better 考查副词比较级。固定句型“the ＋比较级．..，the ＋比较级．.. ”表示“越……就越……”，符合语境，该空副词well的比较级拼写为better。故填better。
4．phrases 考查名词单复数。该空所给名词phrase表示“短语”，为可数名词，根据空前的限定词a few可知，该空应填名词复数形式。故填phrases。
5．with 考查介词。communicate with somebody意为“与某人交流”，符合语境。故填with。
6．graduation/graduating 考查名词或动名词。该空前after为介词，该空所给动词graduate应使用名词或动名词形式作宾语。故填graduation/graduating。
7．a 考查冠词。该空后名词office为可数名词，这里是单数，泛指“一个大公司”large的发音以辅音音素开头，应填不定冠词a。故填a。
8．spoken 考查非谓语动词。该空所给动词speak在句中作定语修饰名词English，English与speak为被动关系，应使用其过去分词形式。故填spoken。
9．to help 考查非谓语动词。volunteer to do something意为“自愿去做某事”。故填to help。
10．encouraging 考查形容词。该空需要一个形容词作表语，修饰主语words，表示话语“激励人心的”应使用形容词encouraging。故填encouraging。UNIT 2 课时检测(三) Using language
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Elements of Latin have made their way into many Western countries. Data varies, but as much as 70% of words in English have a Latin or Greek root.
By learning more about these roots and how they combine to create words, you will have an advantage in understanding new words, even if you've never seen them before.
The great thing is that it's not hard to learn these roots and recognise the patterns. You're not learning the whole language with its grammar and difficult points. You just need to memorise some parts of the vocabulary that you often see in English.
So how do word roots work
Every word has a root. This part contains the key to a word's meaning. Take the word “happy” for example. This word only contains the root, which means “full of joy”. There's nothing more to the meaning of the word in this form.
Some words, however, have extra parts. We call these affixes, including prefixes, the part attached before the root, and suffixes, the part attached behind the root. Based on the additional meaning of the prefixes and suffixes, the meaning of the final word will be shaped to mean something new.
Take the word “autobiography” for example. The root is “bio”， meaning life. You may have noticed that many words with “bio” have something to do with life or living beings — biology, biography, and so on. When the suffix “graph”， meaning to write, is added to it, it means a story about someone's or something's life. “Auto” means by oneself. Altogether, an “autobiography” is a story about a person's life, written by the person himself or herself.
In a word, a better grasp of word roots can make you understand the English language better, and will help you with your vocabulary recognition and memory skills.
1．What's needed to understand new words with roots
A．A good understanding of Latin or Greek.
B．A full understanding of grammar.
C．The ability to recognise different parts of words.
D．The ability to speak various Western languages.
2．What do we know about the root
A．It can't form a word by itself.
B．It is a necessary part of a word.
C．It is of greater importance than affixes.
D．It has no impact on a word's meaning.
3．What is the meaning of “biochemistry”？
A．The science that is related to living things.
B．A person who does research about chemistry.
C．A person who does research about living things.
D．The study of chemical reactions related to living things.
4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the passage
A．Secret of Understanding New Words
B．Latin's Way into Western Languages
C．Amazing Power of Affixes
D．Hints on Language Exams
Ⅱ.完形填空
There are about fifteen hundred languages in the world. But only a few of them are very __5__. English is one of these. About 200, 000, 000 people speak it as their own language. It is difficult to say how many people are learning it as a __6__ language. Many millions are __7__ to do so.
Is it easy or difficult to learn English Different people may have different __8__. Have you ever __9__ the ads of this kind in newspapers or magazines
“Learn English in six month, or your __10__ back... ” “Easy and funny Our records and tapes __11__ you master your English in a month. From the first day your __12__ will be excellent. Just send... ” Of course, it never __13__ quite like this.
The only language that seems easy to learn is the mother tongue. We should __14__ that we all learned our own language well when we were __15___. If we could learn English in the same way, it would not seem so difficult. __16__ what a small child does. He listens to what people say. He tries what he hears. When he is using the language, talking in it, and __17__ in it all the time, just imagine how much __18__ that he gets!
So it is __19__ to say that learning English is easy, because a good command of English depends upon a lot of practice.
5.A.difficult B．important
C．necessary D．easy
6．A.native B．foreign
C．useful D．mother
7．A.learning B．enjoying
C．trying D．liking
8．A.questions B．problems
C．ideas D．answers
9．A.found B．watched
C．noticed D．known
10．A.knowledge B．time
C．money D．English
11．A.force B．help
C．get D．allow
12．A.spelling B．grammar
C．English D．pronunciation
13．A.happens B．disappears
C．seems D．feels
14．A.argue B．remember
C．understand D．reflect
15．A.students B．children
C．babies D．grown ups
16．A.Pick up B．Bring up
C．Come across D．Think of
17．A.using B．thinking
C．trying D．practicing
18．A.comfort B．time
C．support D．practice
19．A.hard B．easy
C．funny D．silly
Ⅲ.语法填空
I started learning English at middle school in China. At that time people __1__ (care) more about giving tests on written English, especially at high school. I didn't have much experience in speaking English until I went to college, __2__ I had my first foreign teacher from America. She told us the more we practice, the __3__ (well) we spoke. At the beginning, I could only say a few __4__ (phrase) and simple sentences because of my lack of words. However, one year later, I could communicate __5__ more people freely and share my opinion in English.
After __6__ (graduate), I moved to Canada and worked in an office. It was __7__ large office. People were from different countries. We had to communicate in English at work. Although my __8__ (speak) English was better, I still couldn't really understand what they were expressing. Therefore, I volunteered __9__ (help) tourists from other countries. I talked more and more. All information around me was in English. Finally, a tourist from Japan asked me if I grew up in Britain. How __10__ (encourage) his words were!
UNIT 2 课时检测(三)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了英语词根在英语单词学习中的重要作用。
1．选C 细节理解题。根据第三段可知，用词根理解生词需要拥有识别单词不同部分的能力。
2．选B 细节理解题。根据第五段的“Every word has a root.”可知，词根是构成一个单词必不可少的一部分。
3．选D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“You may have noticed that many words with ‘bio’ have something to do with life or living beings”以及“chemistry”可知，“biochemistry”应当同时含有生物和化学的意思。
4．选A 标题归纳题。根据第二段并结合下文内容可知，全文主要讲述如何通过词根来更有效地学习新词汇。A项“理解新单词的秘诀”可以作为文章的标题。
Ⅱ.完形填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了英语作为一门重要语言，一直以来被很多广告错误宣传，导致人们认为这门语言很容易学，实际上学好英语需要大量的练习。
5．选B 根据下文“English is one of these.”可知，此处指只有少数语言很重要(important)，故选B项。
6．选B 根据上文“About 200, 000, 000 people speak it as their own language.”可推理出，世界上将英语作为母语的大约人数是确定的，作为外语学习的人数是很难确定的，空白处应填表示“外国的”含义的形容词。native“本国的”；foreign“外国的”；useful“有用的”；mother“母语的”。故选B项。
7．选C 句意：数以百万计的人正在努力学习它。try to do为固定搭配，含义为“努力去做”，符合语境，故选C项。
8．选D 根据上文“Is it easy or difficult to learn English？”可知，此处是要对上文的问题进行回答。 故选D项。
9．选C 句意：你注意过报纸或杂志上的这种广告吗？故选C项。
10．选C 根据上文“Have you ever ________ the ads of this kind in newspapers or magazines？”以及“Learn English in six month, or”可推理出此处为广告词，打广告的人承诺六个月学会英语，否则退款，空白处应填表示“钱”含义的名词，故选C项。
11．选B 根据上文“Our records and tapes”以及下文“master your English in a month”可知，此处上下文说的是广告词中宣传的录制品和磁带的功能，它们主要是为了帮助人们学习英语，空白处应填表示“帮助”含义的动词，故选B项。
12．选D 根据上文“Our records and tapes”可知，这是广告词中对发音的宣传。故选D项。
13．选A 根据上文“master your English in a month. From the first day your ________ will be excellent”以及“Of course, it never”并结合常识可推理出，广告中宣传的效果在现实中从来都没有发生。故选A项。
14．选B 根据下文“we all learned our own language well when we were ________”可知，这是对小时候的回忆，空白处应填表示“记得”含义的动词。argue“争论”；remember“记得”；understand“理解”；reflect“反映”。故选B项。
15．选B 根据下文可知此处说的是我们在儿童时期很好地学习了母语，空白处应填表示“儿童”含义的名词，故选B项。
16．选D 空白处应填表示“想象”含义的词语。pick up“拾起，获得，用车接”；bring up“抚养，提出”；come across“偶然遇到”；think of“想出”。故选D项。
17．选B 句意：当他一直在使用这种语言，用它说话，用它思考时，想象一下他得到了多少练习！故选B项。
18．选D 根据上文“When he is using the language, talking in it, and thinking in it all the time”可知，此处说的是小孩子在使用语言进行练习，故选D项。
19．选A 根据上文“When he is using the language, talking in it, and thinking in it all the time, just imagine how much ________ that he gets！”可知，小孩子经过了很多的练习才学会了母语，可推理出此处表达的是很难说学会英语很容易，故选A项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者介绍了自己在中学、大学阶段学英语的过程及工作后使用英语的感悟。
1．cared 考查动词时态。该空所给动词care在句中作谓语，作者在回忆自己的中学时代，应使用一般过去时。故填cared。
2．where 考查定语从句。该空需要一个关系词引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明前面的名词college，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应填关系副词where。故填where。
3．better 考查副词比较级。固定句型“the ＋比较级．..，the ＋比较级．.. ”表示“越……就越……”，符合语境，该空副词well的比较级拼写为better。故填better。
4．phrases 考查名词单复数。该空所给名词phrase表示“短语”，为可数名词，根据空前的限定词a few可知，该空应填名词复数形式。故填phrases。
5．with 考查介词。communicate with somebody意为“与某人交流”，符合语境。故填with。
6．graduation/graduating 考查名词或动名词。该空前after为介词，该空所给动词graduate应使用名词或动名词形式作宾语。故填graduation/graduating。
7．a 考查冠词。该空后名词office为可数名词，这里是单数，泛指“一个大公司”large的发音以辅音音素开头，应填不定冠词a。故填a。
8．spoken 考查非谓语动词。该空所给动词speak在句中作定语修饰名词English，English与speak为被动关系，应使用其过去分词形式。故填spoken。
9．to help 考查非谓语动词。volunteer to do something意为“自愿去做某事”。故填to help。
10．encouraging 考查形容词。该空需要一个形容词作表语，修饰主语words，表示话语“激励人心的”应使用形容词encouraging。故填encouraging。
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