(共61张PPT)
Section Ⅳ
“Developing ideas”的课文习读环节
目 录
课文阅读理解
课文写法借鉴
课时跟踪检测
课文阅读理解
泛读课文,完成以下学习任务
(一)理清文脉结构
different
frog
first
negative
nice
paper
(二)把握主旨大意
What is the passage mainly about
A.An exciting adventure in English learning.
B.Some strange English words difficult to learn.
C.Some misunderstandings from different backgrounds.
D.Some funny posts about what we should learn in class.
√
精读课文,完成以下学习任务
(一)阅读理解
1.What happened to Maggie
A.She was bitten by a frog in the throat.
B.She tried to eat a frog but got blocked.
C.She was unable to speak clearly for a short time.
D.She felt uncomfortable because she got a stomachache.
√
2.What does Yancy think of the British attitude towards their food
A.Doubtful. B.Supportive.
C.Helpless. D.Hopeful.
√
3.Why didn't Sophie find the shoes on the first floor
A.Because there were no shoes sections sold there.
B.Because she misunderstood the lady's words.
C.Because the shoes were all placed on the ground.
D.Because she didn't go up to the upper floor.
√
4.Julien found his penfriend's grandfather .
A.odd B.confused
C.negative D.nice
√
5.Why did Zheng Xu get a bit disappointed
A.His paper was rejected.
B.He didn't get a good grade.
C.He misread his teacher's comment.
D.He didn't meet the high standards of his teacher.
√
[Tip]
依托文章主旨解题
第5题为推理判断题,根据题干关键词Zheng Xu可定位第四篇帖子。但细读该帖的内容可以发现,单纯依靠文中的词句无法推知本题的答案。此时,可考虑借助文章的主旨来解题。由首段可知,本文讨论的是一些容易引起误解的英语表达,而文章各部分的选材立意都应和主旨保持一致,故此处要说明的也应是有关语言误解的问题,结合该帖内容,老师给出的评价“Not bad!”字面意思与实际意义有出入,由此可得出本题答案。
(二)阅读表达
1.What caused the misunderstandings mentioned in the passage?(参考词汇:literally“字面上”)
Different cultural backgrounds and understanding the expressions literally caused the misunderstandings.
2.How should we learn a language in order to avoid misunderstandings (Answers may vary.)
Try to know some ethnic cultures especially the origin of some words and expressions and guess the meaning of words and expressions according to the context.
|阅|读|技|能|提|升|
本文属于新媒体语篇,以论坛专题讨论的形式介绍了四位英语学习者在学习过程中遭遇的困惑与误解。新媒体语篇常采用“总—分”或“分—总”的结构,一般形式灵活,主题时代感强,语言新颖前卫,常以轻松闲谈的方式传达作者的观点看法。如本文采用了“总—分”结构,先提出讨论的主题,然后分别呈现了四篇帖子。 阅读时,先明确文章主旨,然后细读分述内容,提炼文章细节,关注四个帖子中的俚语,理解四位英语学习者在学习过程中遭遇的困惑与误解。
课文写法借鉴
(一)赏用词之妙
1.Last week, our forum asked if you had any funny or strange stories about using English. We didn't expect to get so many posts!
赏析:第一句中的形容词funny和strange非常形象地揭示了英语俚语的某些特点,第二句中的so many则写出了作者的惊讶与意外,加强了语气和情感。
2.He told us that Maggie couldn't teach that day COZ she had a frog in her throat. Poor Maggie — but why did she try to eat such a big frog
赏析:COZ是because的缩略词, 新媒体语言具有新颖前卫的特点,经常使用网络新词、流行语、缩略词、方言谐音等,生动活泼、新鲜有趣。每篇文章的写作都有与之相谐的语言风格,写作时应多加注意。
3.The British must have really high standards.
赏析: 本句中用副词really修饰high,突出强调了“高标准”的程度,本句可翻译为“英国人的标准一定很高很高”,为后文作者描写自己的困惑做好了铺垫。副词的灵活运用可以令细节描写更具体生动,更细致入微。
提能训练
①(同义替换)The children's attention was suddenly drawn to the passer-by who had a(n) (=interesting) hat on and wore _________(=odd) clothes.
②(完成句子)I didn't expect to get on my birthday.
我没想到在我生日那天会收到这么多漂亮的礼物。
funny
strange
so many nice presents
③(单句语法填空)He's (real) knowledgeable when you get to know him.
④(完成句子)Nowadays many people especially the young often use emojis or abbreviations. For example, .
现在很多人,尤其是年轻人经常使用表情符号或缩写。例如,“because”可以被称为“COZ”。
really
“because” can be referred to as “COZ”
(二)赏句式之高
Here are some of our favourites, to remind us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world!
赏析:这是一个复杂的主从复合句。主句Here are some of our favourites是地点副词here位于句首的完全倒装句,to remind us ...是不定式短语作目的状语,that引导宾语从句,作remind的直接宾语,其中we learn in the classroom是省略that的定语从句。各种高级表达接连出现,既显得句式错落有致,简繁结合,体现了作者深厚的写作功底,又在更大程度上传达了作者的写作意图。
①(汉译英)(2024·浙江1月高考写作)下面是跑步的一些好处。
Here are some advantages of running.
②(完成句子)(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)Holding the cup, I thanked him for his encouragement, telling him that the cup would___________ ________________________________.
我拿着奖杯,感谢他的鼓励,告诉他这个奖杯会提醒我写作将是我生命中的一部分。
提能训练
remind me
that writing would be part of my life
③(完成句子)(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)________________________ smoothly, I hope that you can consider the aspects_____________ ________________.
为了使这项活动顺利进行,我希望你们能够考虑我上面提到的方面。
To make this activity go on
that I have
mentioned above
(三)赏修辞之功
When I got the paper back, I found my teacher had written the comment “Not bad!” Not bad But there weren't any errors in my paper.
赏析:句中的Not bad?使用了“反问”修辞手法,使语气增强,增加了感染力。和后面But连接的句子搭配,写出了作者深深的困惑不解。
We have offered you all you need. What more do you want
我们已经提供了你所需要的一切。你还想要什么?
提能训练|英译汉
(四)赏衔接之顺
When I first visited New York, I went to a downtown shopping centre to buy some winter boots. At the information desk at the entrance, I asked a lady where the shoe section was. She said that it was on the first floor. So I went up to the first floor, but couldn't find any shoes. I decided to leave.
赏析:本段内容属于故事叙述。作者运用时间状语从句交代了故事发生的时间,用介词短语交代了故事的地点,为故事展开做好了铺垫。在讲述情节发展时使用了衔接词so和but,营造了情节起伏及矛盾冲突,增加了故事的吸引力。这些词句的使用使上下文衔接自然流畅,内容浑然一体。
(2024·浙江1月高考写作)She began to see the campus as a track, one step at a time. So day by day, the hallways became familiar. As she rounded the corner to her next class, she thought to herself, “Just one more lap.” And with each passing day, the school, much like the track, became a place which was not worrying but satisfying.
提能训练|英译汉
她开始把校园看作一条跑道,一步一个脚印。所以一天天过去,走廊变得熟悉起来。当她转过拐角去上下一节课的时候,她心想: “再跑一圈就好了。”日子一天天过去,学校就像跑道一样,变成了一个不再令人担忧,而是令人满意的地方。
课时跟踪检测
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven't you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language
According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes gray matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. Like exercise shapes and strengthens muscles (肌肉), learning a language can have a similar effect on your brain.
The study also found the effect is greater, if the younger people learn a second language. A team led by Dr Andrea Mechelli, from University College London, took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals” who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.
Scans showed that gray matter density (灰质密度) in the brain was greater in bilinguals (通两种语言的人) than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference.
“Our findings suggest that the structure (结构) of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language,” said the scientists. It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.
Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. “Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible,” he said. “You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.”
The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of two and thirty-four. Reading, writing, and cognition (认知) were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better. “Studying a language means you can enter another world,” explained the scientists.
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍学习第二语言会提升脑力,使人变得更聪明,而且越早学习第二语言,阅读、写作和认知能力会更好。
1.Why does the author mention “exercise” in the second paragraph
A.To encourage a regular fitness practice and an active lifestyle.
B.To show the importance of using the language when learning.
C.To suggest that learning a second language can improve physical fitness.
D.To highlight the similarities between language learning and physical exercise.
√
解析:推理判断题。根据第二段的 “Researchers found that learning other languages changes gray matter ...have a similar effect on your brain.”可知,锻炼能强身健体,学习第二语言能提升脑力。所以作者提及“锻炼”是强调二者之间相似的影响,突出学习第二语言对脑力的作用。故选D项。
2.According to the passage, what did the study led by Dr Andrea Mechelli show
A.Learning a second language increases gray matter density.
B.Later language learning has a bigger influence on brain structure.
C.Language learning leads to lower gray matter density in the brain.
D.Learning a second language has no effect on the structure of the brain.
√
解析:细节理解题。根据第四段的 “Scans showed that gray matter density ... without a second language.和第五段可知, Dr Andrea Mechelli 的研究表明学习第二语言会提升大脑灰质密度的区域,改变大脑的结构。故选A项。
3.What can we learn from the passage
A.Learning a second language is only helpful during childhood.
B.Native Italian speakers learning English were similarly studied.
C.Learning a second language brings greater advantages if started young.
D.Bilingual will be more successful than a person who speaks only one language.
√
解析:细节理解题。根据第六段Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones说的话和第七段的 “Reading, writing, and ... the younger they started to learn, the better.”可知,学习第二语言能打开另一扇了解世界的窗户,而且年纪越早学习,阅读、写作和认知能力就会发展得更好。所以年纪小时开始学习第二语言,获得的优势更多。故选C项。
4.What is the best title of this passage
A.Language Learning Increases IQ
B.Bilingual Helps Learning Mathematics
C.Learning a Second Language Improves Brain Power
D.Language Learning Unlocks the Door to A New World
解析:标题归纳题。文章主要介绍学习第二语言可以提升脑力。故选C项。
√
B
Language is born of culture and in turn reflects the history of a culture. This is clear when we compare English in Britain, the United States and Australia.
Of the three dialects, British English has the most confusing grammar and spelling rules. This is probably because the development of English has been under the control of the upper class. The modern English language came into being in the 18th century. The upper class who spoke French wanted to show their influence and make themselves different from the uneducated working people. In other words, British English reflects the English character with class.
The US dialect is generally recognised as the easiest to pared with British English, its spelling is more connected with its pronunciation. And its grammatical rules are much easier to follow. What's more, its words are simpler to pronounce. For foreigners, it's much easier to learn. That's why American English is more popular in the world.
The reason why American English is simpler than British English is connected with its special history. British English was mainly influenced by the upper class. But American upper class didn't exist when American English was born. American English was based on the dialects spoken by working people from different countries. So the formation of American English was based on a rule to help all the working people with different cultural backgrounds communicate more easily.
Australian English is different from British and American English. It is the most vulgar (粗俗的) of the three. Actually it has a tendency to show its invention, disrespect and humor. At times, this can make it almost impossible to understand and quite impolite to some educated speakers. That is partly connected with special identity of the early settlers.
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文,讲述的是一个国家的语言能反映出这个国家的文化和历史。
5.Why is British English more confusing than American English
A.Because it was influenced by the upper class.
B.Because English people are more educated.
C.Because it was totally created by Frenchmen.
D.Because England was more powerful in the past.
√
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Of the three dialects ...the upper class.”可知,是因为英式英语的发展受到上流社会的影响。
6.Why is American English more popular than British English worldwide
A.Because it has fewer words.
B.Because the US has a shorter history.
C.Because the US has a larger population.
D.Because it is easier to learn for foreigners.
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Compared with British English ... more popular in the world.”可知,美式英语更容易学。
√
7.What can we infer from the passage
A.Australian English is easy to understand.
B.Australian English is preferred by educated people.
C.Modern English became popular in the 18th century.
D.American English may develop from working people's language.
解析:推理判断题。根据第四段中的“American English was based on ... communicate more easily.”可推知,美式英语是来源于劳动人民的语言。
√
8.Which of the following can best describe Australian English
A.Polite. B.Rude.
C.Welcome. D.Special.
解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“It is the most vulgar (粗俗的) of the three. Actually it has a tendency to show its invention, disrespect and humor.”可知答案。
√
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
How to Improve Vocabulary Fast
Your vocabulary refers to the words in a language you are familiar with. We should learn some ways to expand it.
Read every day. 9 Choose reading material that is slightly above your level and keep a dictionary with you to look up words you do not know.
10 If you do not meet with an unfamiliar word in your daily reading, use your dictionary to search for one.
Learn the correct definition and pronunciation for each new word. Pronunciation is as important as definition because in order to add a word to your active vocabulary, you must be able to use it in speech.
Elaborate (详尽阐述) on the meaning of the word. If you have just learned the word “stubborn”, think about the neighbour who will not lend you his car. 11
Use your new word in speech and in writing.E-mail your sister about how your cat is stubborn about sleeping on your pillow. 12 But the more you use it, the more fluent you will become in its use. Soon it will be a regular part of your active vocabulary.
Tell everyone you are trying to increase your vocabulary. Encourage them to ask you what your latest word is. 13 The more you explain the meaning of a word to someone, the more likely you are to remember it.
A.Find a new word every day.
B.The vocabulary can be increased.
C.Your vocabulary contains the words you understand.
D.The more often you read, the faster your vocabulary can grow.
E.Or let them ask for the definition of a new word you have used.
F.The first time you use a new word in speech it may seem strange.
G.Imagine him shaking his head, and think of him as “stubborn in his refusal”.
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章对于如何增加词汇量提出了几条建议。
9.选D 根据上文“Read every day.”可知,该空承接上文,D项“你读得越多,你的词汇量增长得就越快。”符合语境,故选D。
10.选A 根据空后一句“如果你在日常阅读中没有遇到一个不熟悉的单词,用你的字典找一个。”可知,该空引出下文,A项“每天找一个新单词。”符合语境,故选A。
11.选G 根据空前两句“详细说明这个词的意思。如果你刚刚学会了‘固执’这个词,想想那个不愿把车借给你的邻居吧。”可知,该空承接上文,G项“想象一下他摇着头,想想他固执地拒绝。”符合语境,故选G。
12.选F 根据空后两句“但是你用得越多,你就会用得越流利。很快它就会成为你日常积极词汇的一部分。”可知,该空引出下文,F项“当你第一次在演讲中使用一个新词时,它可能看起来很奇怪。”符合语境,故选F。
13.选E 根据空前一句“鼓励他们问你最新的词汇”和空后一句“你向别人解释一个单词的意思越多,你就越有可能记住它。”可知,该空承上启下,E项“或者让他们问你用过的新单词的定义。”符合语境,故选E。Section Ⅳ “Developing ideas”的课文习读环节
泛读课文,完成以下学习任务
(一)理清文脉结构
(二)把握主旨大意
What is the passage mainly about?( )
A.An exciting adventure in English learning.
B.Some strange English words difficult to learn.
C.Some misunderstandings from different backgrounds.
D.Some funny posts about what we should learn in class.
精读课文,完成以下学习任务
(一)阅读理解
1.What happened to Maggie?( )
A.She was bitten by a frog in the throat.
B.She tried to eat a frog but got blocked.
C.She was unable to speak clearly for a short time.
D.She felt uncomfortable because she got a stomachache.
2.What does Yancy think of the British attitude towards their food?( )
A.Doubtful. B.Supportive.
C.Helpless. D.Hopeful.
3.Why didn't Sophie find the shoes on the first floor ( )
A.Because there were no shoes sections sold there.
B.Because she misunderstood the lady's words.
C.Because the shoes were all placed on the ground.
D.Because she didn't go up to the upper floor.
4.Julien found his penfriend's grandfather ______. ( )
A.odd B.confused
C.negative D.nice
5.Why did Zheng Xu get a bit disappointed?( )
A.His paper was rejected.
B.He didn't get a good grade.
C.He misread his teacher's comment.
D.He didn't meet the high standards of his teacher.
[Tip]
依托文章主旨解题
第5题为推理判断题,根据题干关键词Zheng Xu可定位第四篇帖子。但细读该帖的内容可以发现,单纯依靠文中的词句无法推知本题的答案。此时,可考虑借助文章的主旨来解题。由首段可知,本文讨论的是一些容易引起误解的英语表达,而文章各部分的选材立意都应和主旨保持一致,故此处要说明的也应是有关语言误解的问题,结合该帖内容,老师给出的评价“Not bad!”字面意思与实际意义有出入,由此可得出本题答案。
(二)阅读表达
1.What caused the misunderstandings mentioned in the passage?(参考词汇:literally“字面上”)
2.How should we learn a language in order to avoid misunderstandings (Answers may vary.)
|阅|读|技|能|提|升|
本文属于新媒体语篇,以论坛专题讨论的形式介绍了四位英语学习者在学习过程中遭遇的困惑与误解。新媒体语篇常采用“总—分”或“分—总”的结构,一般形式灵活,主题时代感强,语言新颖前卫,常以轻松闲谈的方式传达作者的观点看法。如本文采用了“总—分”结构,先提出讨论的主题,然后分别呈现了四篇帖子。 阅读时,先明确文章主旨,然后细读分述内容,提炼文章细节,关注四个帖子中的俚语,理解四位英语学习者在学习过程中遭遇的困惑与误解。
(一)赏用词之妙
1.Last week, our forum asked if you had any funny or strange stories about using English. We didn't expect to get so many posts!
赏析:第一句中的形容词funny和strange非常形象地揭示了英语俚语的某些特点,第二句中的so many则写出了作者的惊讶与意外,加强了语气和情感。
2.He told us that Maggie couldn't teach that day COZ she had a frog in her throat. Poor Maggie — but why did she try to eat such a big frog
赏析:COZ是because的缩略词, 新媒体语言具有新颖前卫的特点,经常使用网络新词、流行语、缩略词、方言谐音等,生动活泼、新鲜有趣。每篇文章的写作都有与之相谐的语言风格,写作时应多加注意。
3.The British must have really high standards.
赏析: 本句中用副词really修饰high,突出强调了“高标准”的程度,本句可翻译为“英国人的标准一定很高很高”,为后文作者描写自己的困惑做好了铺垫。副词的灵活运用可以令细节描写更具体生动,更细致入微。
①(同义替换)The children's attention was suddenly drawn to the passer by who had a(n) __________ (=interesting) hat on and wore __________ (=odd) clothes.
②(完成句子)I didn't expect to get ________________________ on my birthday.
我没想到在我生日那天会收到这么多漂亮的礼物。
③(单句语法填空)He's __________ (real) knowledgeable when you get to know him.
④(完成句子)Nowadays many people especially the young often use emojis or abbreviations. For example, ____________________________________.
现在很多人,尤其是年轻人经常使用表情符号或缩写。例如,“because”可以被称为“COZ”。
(二)赏句式之高
Here are some of our favourites, to remind us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world!
赏析:这是一个复杂的主从复合句。主句Here are some of our favourites是地点副词here位于句首的完全倒装句,to remind us ...是不定式短语作目的状语,that引导宾语从句,作remind的直接宾语,其中we learn in the classroom是省略that的定语从句。各种高级表达接连出现,既显得句式错落有致,简繁结合,体现了作者深厚的写作功底,又在更大程度上传达了作者的写作意图。
①(汉译英)(2024·浙江1月高考写作)下面是跑步的一些好处。
________________________________________________________________________
②(完成句子)(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)Holding the cup, I thanked him for his encouragement, telling him that the cup would __________________________________________________.
我拿着奖杯,感谢他的鼓励,告诉他这个奖杯会提醒我写作将是我生命中的一部分。
③(完成句子)(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)______________________________ smoothly, I hope that you can consider the aspects ______________________________.
为了使这项活动顺利进行,我希望你们能够考虑我上面提到的方面。
(三)赏修辞之功
When I got the paper back, I found my teacher had written the comment “Not bad!” Not bad But there weren't any errors in my paper.
赏析:句中的Not bad?使用了“反问”修辞手法,使语气增强,增加了感染力。和后面But连接的句子搭配,写出了作者深深的困惑不解。
We have offered you all you need. What more do you want
(四)赏衔接之顺
When I first visited New York, I went to a downtown shopping centre to buy some winter boots. At the information desk at the entrance, I asked a lady where the shoe section was. She said that it was on the first floor. So I went up to the first floor, but couldn't find any shoes. I decided to leave.
赏析:本段内容属于故事叙述。作者运用时间状语从句交代了故事发生的时间,用介词短语交代了故事的地点,为故事展开做好了铺垫。在讲述情节发展时使用了衔接词so和but,营造了情节起伏及矛盾冲突,增加了故事的吸引力。这些词句的使用使上下文衔接自然流畅,内容浑然一体。
(2024·浙江1月高考写作)She began to see the campus as a track, one step at a time. So day by day, the hallways became familiar. As she rounded the corner to her next class, she thought to herself, “Just one more lap.” And with each passing day, the school, much like the track, became a place which was not worrying but satisfying.
Section Ⅳ
课文阅读理解
泛读课文,完成以下学习任务
(一)①different ②frog ③first ④negative ⑤nice ⑥paper
(二)C
精读课文,完成以下学习任务
(一)1.C 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.C
(二)1.Different cultural backgrounds and understanding the expressions literally caused the misunderstandings.
2.Try to know some ethnic cultures especially the origin of some words and expressions and guess the meaning of words and expressions according to the context.
课文写法借鉴
(一)①funny; strange ②so many nice presents ③really
④“because” can be referred to as “COZ”
(二)①Here are some advantages of running.
②remind me that writing would be part of my life
③To make this activity go on; that I have mentioned above
(三)我们已经提供了你所需要的一切。你还想要什么?
(四)她开始把校园看作一条跑道,一步一个脚印。所以一天天过去,走廊变得熟悉起来。当她转过拐角去上下一节课的时候,她心想: “再跑一圈就好了。”日子一天天过去,学校就像跑道一样,变成了一个不再令人担忧,而是令人满意的地方。
1 / 5UNIT 2 课时检测(四) “Developing ideas”的课文习读环节
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven't you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language
According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes gray matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. Like exercise shapes and strengthens muscles (肌肉), learning a language can have a similar effect on your brain.
The study also found the effect is greater, if the younger people learn a second language. A team led by Dr Andrea Mechelli, from University College London, took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals” who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.
Scans showed that gray matter density (灰质密度) in the brain was greater in bilinguals (通两种语言的人) than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference.
“Our findings suggest that the structure (结构) of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language,” said the scientists. It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.
Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. “Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible,” he said. “You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.”
The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of two and thirty four. Reading, writing, and cognition (认知) were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better. “Studying a language means you can enter another world,” explained the scientists.
1.Why does the author mention “exercise” in the second paragraph
A.To encourage a regular fitness practice and an active lifestyle.
B.To show the importance of using the language when learning.
C.To suggest that learning a second language can improve physical fitness.
D.To highlight the similarities between language learning and physical exercise.
2.According to the passage, what did the study led by Dr Andrea Mechelli show
A.Learning a second language increases gray matter density.
B.Later language learning has a bigger influence on brain structure.
C.Language learning leads to lower gray matter density in the brain.
D.Learning a second language has no effect on the structure of the brain.
3.What can we learn from the passage
A.Learning a second language is only helpful during childhood.
B.Native Italian speakers learning English were similarly studied.
C.Learning a second language brings greater advantages if started young.
D.Bilingual will be more successful than a person who speaks only one language.
4.What is the best title of this passage
A.Language Learning Increases IQ
B.Bilingual Helps Learning Mathematics
C.Learning a Second Language Improves Brain Power
D.Language Learning Unlocks the Door to A New World
B
Language is born of culture and in turn reflects the history of a culture. This is clear when we compare English in Britain, the United States and Australia.
Of the three dialects, British English has the most confusing grammar and spelling rules. This is probably because the development of English has been under the control of the upper class. The modern English language came into being in the 18th century. The upper class who spoke French wanted to show their influence and make themselves different from the uneducated working people. In other words, British English reflects the English character with class.
The US dialect is generally recognised as the easiest to pared with British English, its spelling is more connected with its pronunciation. And its grammatical rules are much easier to follow. What's more, its words are simpler to pronounce. For foreigners, it's much easier to learn. That's why American English is more popular in the world.
The reason why American English is simpler than British English is connected with its special history. British English was mainly influenced by the upper class. But American upper class didn't exist when American English was born. American English was based on the dialects spoken by working people from different countries. So the formation of American English was based on a rule to help all the working people with different cultural backgrounds communicate more easily.
Australian English is different from British and American English. It is the most vulgar (粗俗的) of the three. Actually it has a tendency to show its invention, disrespect and humor. At times, this can make it almost impossible to understand and quite impolite to some educated speakers. That is partly connected with special identity of the early settlers.
5.Why is British English more confusing than American English
A.Because it was influenced by the upper class.
B.Because English people are more educated.
C.Because it was totally created by Frenchmen.
D.Because England was more powerful in the past.
6.Why is American English more popular than British English worldwide
A.Because it has fewer words.
B.Because the US has a shorter history.
C.Because the US has a larger population.
D.Because it is easier to learn for foreigners.
7.What can we infer from the passage
A.Australian English is easy to understand.
B.Australian English is preferred by educated people.
C.Modern English became popular in the 18th century.
D.American English may develop from working people's language.
8.Which of the following can best describe Australian English
A.Polite. B.Rude.
C.Welcome. D.Special.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
How to Improve Vocabulary Fast
Your vocabulary refers to the words in a language you are familiar with. We should learn some ways to expand it.
Read every day. __9__ Choose reading material that is slightly above your level and keep a dictionary with you to look up words you do not know.
__10__ If you do not meet with an unfamiliar word in your daily reading, use your dictionary to search for one.
Learn the correct definition and pronunciation for each new word. Pronunciation is as important as definition because in order to add a word to your active vocabulary, you must be able to use it in speech.
Elaborate (详尽阐述) on the meaning of the word. If you have just learned the word “stubborn”, think about the neighbour who will not lend you his car.__11__
Use your new word in speech and in writing.E mail your sister about how your cat is stubborn about sleeping on your pillow. __12__ But the more you use it, the more fluent you will become in its use. Soon it will be a regular part of your active vocabulary.
Tell everyone you are trying to increase your vocabulary. Encourage them to ask you what your latest word is. __13__ The more you explain the meaning of a word to someone, the more likely you are to remember it.
A.Find a new word every day.
B.The vocabulary can be increased.
C.Your vocabulary contains the words you understand.
D.The more often you read, the faster your vocabulary can grow.
E.Or let them ask for the definition of a new word you have used.
F.The first time you use a new word in speech it may seem strange.
G.Imagine him shaking his head, and think of him as “stubborn in his refusal”.
UNIT 2 课时检测(四)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍学习第二语言会提升脑力,使人变得更聪明,而且越早学习第二语言,阅读、写作和认知能力会更好。
1.选D 推理判断题。根据第二段的 “Researchers found that learning other languages changes gray matter ...have a similar effect on your brain.”可知,锻炼能强身健体,学习第二语言能提升脑力。所以作者提及“锻炼”是强调二者之间相似的影响,突出学习第二语言对脑力的作用。故选D项。
2.选A 细节理解题。根据第四段的 “Scans showed that gray matter density ... without a second language.和第五段可知, Dr Andrea Mechelli 的研究表明学习第二语言会提升大脑灰质密度的区域,改变大脑的结构。故选A项。
3.选C 细节理解题。根据第六段Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones说的话和第七段的 “Reading, writing, and ... the younger they started to learn, the better.”可知,学习第二语言能打开另一扇了解世界的窗户,而且年纪越早学习,阅读、写作和认知能力就会发展得更好。所以年纪小时开始学习第二语言,获得的优势更多。故选C项。
4.选C 标题归纳题。文章主要介绍学习第二语言可以提升脑力。故选C项。
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文,讲述的是一个国家的语言能反映出这个国家的文化和历史。
5.选A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Of the three dialects ...the upper class.”可知,是因为英式英语的发展受到上流社会的影响。
6.选D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Compared with British English ... more popular in the world.”可知,美式英语更容易学。
7.选D 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“American English was based on ... communicate more easily.”可推知,美式英语是来源于劳动人民的语言。
8.选B 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“It is the most vulgar (粗俗的) of the three. Actually it has a tendency to show its invention, disrespect and humor.”可知答案。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章对于如何增加词汇量提出了几条建议。
9.选D 根据上文“Read every day.”可知,该空承接上文,D项“你读得越多,你的词汇量增长得就越快。”符合语境,故选D。
10.选A 根据空后一句“如果你在日常阅读中没有遇到一个不熟悉的单词,用你的字典找一个。”可知,该空引出下文,A项“每天找一个新单词。”符合语境,故选A。
11.选G 根据空前两句“详细说明这个词的意思。如果你刚刚学会了‘固执’这个词,想想那个不愿把车借给你的邻居吧。”可知,该空承接上文,G项“想象一下他摇着头,想想他固执地拒绝。”符合语境,故选G。
12.选F 根据空后两句“但是你用得越多,你就会用得越流利。很快它就会成为你日常积极词汇的一部分。”可知,该空引出下文,F项“当你第一次在演讲中使用一个新词时,它可能看起来很奇怪。”符合语境,故选F。
13.选E 根据空前一句“鼓励他们问你最新的词汇”和空后一句“你向别人解释一个单词的意思越多,你就越有可能记住它。”可知,该空承上启下,E项“或者让他们问你用过的新单词的定义。”符合语境,故选E。
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