必修第二册 UNIT 1 CULTURAL HERITAGE
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共20分)
(2025·重庆名校联盟高三联考一)One of the world’s oldest preserved human settlements has been significantly damaged by pouring rain in Pakistan as the country battles the worst floods in its history.
Moenjodaro,a World Heritage site in the Indus River 510 kilometers (316 miles) from Karachi,was built in the Bronze Age,some 5,000 years ago.“Unfortunately we witnessed the mass destruction at the site,” reads a letter from the Culture,Tourism,Antiquities & Archives Department Government of Sindh sent to UNESCO and signed by director Ihsan Ali Abbasi and architect Naveed Ahmed Sangah.The letter adds the site was being used as temporary accommodation for surrounding residents whose own homes had flooded.
Moenjodaro’s significance can’t be underestimated.When it was added to UNESCO’s register in 1980,the organization wrote that Moenjodaro “bears exceptional testimony(证明) to the Indus civilization,” comprising “the most ancient planned city on the Indian subcontinent”.
The letter explains some of the immediate actions the site team has taken to mitigate the flood damage,like bringing in water pumps and repairing brickwork.But it’s clear that these measures will not be enough.
Abbasi and Sangah ended their letter by asking for 100 million Pakistani rupees ($45million) to cover the costs of full repairs.UNESCO has responded to the request for help,allocating $350,000 from its emergency fund for damaged historic sites in Pakistan during UN Secretary General António Guterres’s visit to the flood-stricken country this week.
The funds will go to Moenjodaro and other sites including the Amri Museum.While the sum is far less than needed to fully repair the sites,it will pay for urgent work while UNESCO and the local organization consider the best way forward.Sadly,the conservators of Moenjodaro have known for some time that flooding could bring a serious risk to the site.
In their letter,Abbasi and Sangah express concern that Moenjodaro could be added to the list of UNESCO sites in danger,which the preservation body updates periodically to highlight historic places that are at severe risk of ruin.
1.What makes Moenjodaro special to Pakistan
The geographic feature it bears.
The role it played in fighting floods.
The mass destruction it suffered in history.
The value it holds in history and architecture.
2.What does the underlined word “mitigate” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
Reduce. Suffer. Avoid. Assess.
3.Which best describes the situation of the repair work made so far
Creative. Worrying.
Impractical. Satisfactory.
4.Which can be a suitable title for the text
Pakistan’s Deadly Floods Causing Widespread Damage
Moenjodaro Calling for Attention to Its Severe Damage
Moenjodaro Added to the List of UNESCO Sites in Danger
Pakistan’s UNESCO Site Moenjodaro Badly Damaged by Flooding
(2025·保定高三模拟)At every wedding I attended this past year,the event space has been decorated with family portraits—black-and-white photos of grandparents,parents in 1970s hairstyles and family heirlooms (传家宝) passed down from generations.
As a child,I used to cry when looking at those reminders.When my husband suggested making a slideshow of our family photos for our wedding,I realized we barely had any.It was at that time that I understood just why these kinds of items inspired so many complicated feelings.
My grandparents immigrated from Poland to Cuba in the 1930s.During the Cuban Revolution,their business and home were shut down.The family came to the United States in 1968,leaving everything but a few pieces of clothing behind.My grandparents and mother responded to the pain they had experienced by holding on to things.
Today,when my mother comes to visit,she still brings bags full of useful items even if we have plenty of food.A full cupboard or a house stocked with usable objects is the ultimate expression of love.
Like many who are privileged (幸运的) enough not to have to worry about having basic things,I tended to admire the opposite—the empty spaces of yoga studios,the delightful feeling of sorting through a pile of stuff that I could abandon.
Now that my brother and I have come of age,my parents have both expressed a desire to downsize our possessions.I went through the things that mattered most to me:the books I loved as a child;the CDs made by friends;the college textbooks I never remembered to return.They say that we can appreciate the objects we used to love deeply just by saying goodbye to them.But I didn’t want to give any of them up because they filled with memories of a person I once was,and a person that part of me always will be.
5.When did the author realize the meaning of family old items
When she was attending a friend’s wedding.
When she was preparing for her own wedding.
When her family came to the United States in 1968.
When her mother came to visit,bringing bags full of useful items.
6.What does the author want to show us by sharing her grandparents’ story
In the old days,the elders suffered a lot.
The Cuban Revolution brought people much pain.
Some old items represent one’s precious memories.
The young should treasure today’s happy life.
7.Why didn’t the author want to give up her previous objects
They were the symbols of love. They gave her a sense of identity.
They reminded her of the old days. They were no longer available anywhere.
8.What can we infer from this text
Lost time won’t return any longer. A picture is worth a thousand words.
Some sort of stuff is worth keeping. It’s never too late to make a change.
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分,共15分)
(2025·秦皇岛高三模拟)What we believe we can become is often shaped by the world we see around us.This is especially true for young children who 1 becoming everything from astronauts to future world leaders.And it’s one of the reasons why representation matters so much.For Asian American 2 and Ph.D.candidate Elaine Shen,she had never 3 herself to be an inspiration for future generations.That is until she received a(n) 4 email from a third-grader in Minnesota who wanted to interview her for a class 5 .
“I’m working on my big year-end project,” the heartwarming message 6 ,“I love biology.I did some online research and found your website.I would like to ask if I could 7 you.”
Needless to say,Shen was immediately 8 by the email—so much so that she shared a screenshot of the child’s inspiring message on the Internet.The post 9 became popular,gaining more than 270,000 likes and 1,500 10 since she first shared it.
Many commenters were just as moved by the email as Shen was.“It’s pretty amazing to witness that children are 11 to achieve as much as you have done,” said one reader.Other readers were 12 of their own experiences with young children growing up.“Representation matters,and it is 13 the third-grader found his role model.”
Now that the story has touched thousands,Shen has a renewed motivation to 14 her Ph.D.and continue creating an environment of 15 for students within her field.
1.stuck to kept on
gave up dreamed of
2.biologist chemist
physicist artist
3.expressed named
compared considered
4.urgent long
unexpected common
5.project performance
discussion speech
6.informs reads
writes asks
7.quote find
follow interview
8.touched confused
frightened surprised
9.frequently immediately
exactly eventually
10.questions comments
posts calls
11.bothered requested
inspired ordered
12.accused suspected
warned reminded
13.awesome urgent
impossible depressing
14.quit advocate
complete use
petition support
injustice privacy
Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分)
(2025·重庆高三联考)In this book,A View from the Zoo,Gary Richmond describes how a newborn giraffe (长颈鹿) learns its 1. (one) lesson.
When a baby falls to the ground,the mother waits for about a minute,and then kicks her baby.When the baby doesn’t get up,the violent process 2. (repeat) again and again until the baby giraffe stands 3. its shaky legs.Then the mother kicks it off its feet again.Why She wants it to remember how it gets up.In the wild,baby giraffes,4. are easy victims of enemies,must be able to get up as quickly as possible to stay with the group for 5. (survive).
The late Irving Stone 6. (understand) this too.He spent a lifetime studying greatness as well as 7. (write) biographies of such men as Michelangelo,Vincent van Gogh,Sigmund Freud,and Charles Darwin.Once 8. (ask) if he had found a thread that ran through the lives of all these 9. (excellence) people,he said,“If they have a dream of something to be accomplished,they then go to work.”
“They are beaten over the head,and knocked down.For years,they get nowhere.But every time they’re knocked down they stand up.And at the end of their lives they’ve accomplished some modest parts of 10. they set out to do.”
A Para.3:comprise v.包括,包含;构成,组成;Para.5:allocate v.拔……(给);划……(归);分配……(给)
B Para.1:space n.空间;portrait n.肖像;Para.2:slideshow n.幻灯片;Para.3:immigrate v.移民; Para.4:item n.物品;Para.5:privileged adj.幸运的
A Para.1:battle 熟义:n.战役;战斗;搏斗;生义:v.(与……)斗争
B Para.4:ultimate 熟义:adj.最终的;生义:adj.最完美的
词 块 积 累 A Para.1:worst floods in its history历史上最严重的洪水;Para.2:temporary accommodation临时住宿; Para.3:exceptional testimony重要证明;Para.4:immediate actions及时行动; Para.5:cover the costs支付费用;Para.6:urgent work紧急工作;Para.7:historic places历史遗址
B Para.1:pass down世代流传;Para.2:used to过去常常;Para.3:shut down关闭;leave behind留下; Para.6:go through仔细察看;检查;say goodbye to与……告别
长 难 句 式 B Para.6:But I didn’t want to give any of them up because they filled with memories of a person I once was,and a person that part of me always will be. [分析] 这是一个主从复合句。because引导原因状语从句,定语从句I once was和that part of me always will be分别修饰a person。 [译文] 但我不想放弃其中任何一个,因为它们充满了我曾经的回忆,也永远会是我的一部分。
必修第二册 UNIT 1
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】 本文是新闻报道。文章主要报道了受巴基斯坦暴雨的影响,摩亨佐·达罗严重受损,Ihsan Ali Abbasi和Naveed Ahmed Sangah写信向联合国教科文组织求助,最终获得修复资金和联合国的关注。
1.D [细节理解题。根据第三段中联合国教科文组织对摩亨佐·达罗的评价“Moenjodaro ‘bears exceptional testimony(证明) to the Indus civilization,’comprising ‘the most ancient planned city on the Indian subcontinent’”可知,摩亨佐·达罗是“印度河文明杰出的证明”,其中包括“印度次大陆上最古老的规划城市”。由此可见,其在历史和建筑方面的意义重大,故选D项。]
2.A [词义猜测题。解题时,可先将画线词所在的定语从句补全为“the site team has taken actions to...brickwork”。根据下文举例提到的举措“bringing in water pumps and repairing brickwork”并结合生活常识可知,引进抽水机和修补砖墙是为了减轻洪水带来的损害,故选A项。]
3.B [推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“While the sum is far less than needed to fully repair the sites”和“flooding could bring a serious risk to the site”以及最后一段中的“concern that Moenjodaro could be added to the list of UNESCO sites in danger”可知,资金不足、洪水严重等情况让Abbasi和Sangah担忧摩亨佐·达罗会被列入濒危世界遗产名录。由此可知,目前的修补工作局面令人担忧,故选B项。]
4.D [标题归纳题。新闻报道的主题一般在文章的开头。根据第一段中的“One of the world’s oldest preserved human settlements has been significantly damaged by pouring rain in Pakistan”可知,本文主要介绍了巴基斯坦的联合国教科文组织世界遗产地摩亨佐·达罗被洪水严重破坏,故选D项。]
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者在准备婚礼时回顾过往,意识到家庭旧物对个人人生乃至整个家族的意义。
5.B [细节理解题。根据第二段第二句和第三句“When my husband suggested...so many complicated feelings.”可知,作者在准备自己的婚礼时意识到了家庭旧物的意义,故选B项。]
6.C [写作意图题。根据第三段最后一句“My grandparents and mother...by holding on to things.”可知,作者想通过分享她祖父母的故事向我们表明一些旧物品代表着一个人珍贵的回忆,故选C项。]
7.B [细节理解题。根据最后一段的最后一句“But I didn’t want...part of me always will be.”可知,作者不想放弃以前的东西是因为它们给了她一种认同感,故选B项。]
8.C [推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后一句可推断出:有些东西是值得保存的,故选C项。]
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了生物学家Elaine Shen意外收到一封电子邮件,让她意识到榜样对他人及自身的双向激励力量。
1.D [句意:这对于那些梦想着成为从宇航员到未来的世界领袖等角色的孩子来说,尤为如此。stick to坚持;keep on继续;give up放弃;dream of梦想。根据空后“becoming everything from astronauts to future world leaders”可知,这些年轻孩子是梦想着成为从宇航员到未来的世界领袖等角色的,故选D项。]
2.A [句意:对于亚裔美国生物学家和博士候选人Elaine Shen来说,她从没想过自己能激励后代。biologist生物学家;chemist化学家;physicist物理学家;artist艺术家。根据第二段的提示“I love biology.I did some online research and found your website.”可知,后文提到有个三年级的学生很喜欢生物,在网上查询到了Shen的网站,故可推知Elaine Shen是一个生物学家,故选A项。]
3.D [句意同上。express表达;name称之为(熟词生义);compare比较;consider认为。根据空后“herself to be an inspiration for future generations”可知,此处指她不认为自己能成为激励后代的人,“consider oneself to be”(认为自己是)为固定搭配,故选D项。]
4.C [句意:直到她意外收到了一封来自Minnesota的一个三年级学生的电子邮件,邮件上说她想要就一次课堂项目采访她。urgent紧急的;long长的;unexpected出乎意料的(由expect派生而来);common常见的。根据前文“she had never herself to be an inspiration for future generations”可知,她从未想过自己能激励后代,故可推知她收到的这封邮件对她来说是出乎意料的,故选C项。]
5.A [句意同上。project项目;performance表演;discussion讨论;speech演讲。根据后文“I’m working on my big year-end project”可知,后文提到这位学生正在做一个期末项目,故此处指想要就一个课堂项目采访她,故选A项。]
6.B [句意:这一暖心的留言写道:“我正在做一个大型期末项目。我喜欢生物学。我做了一些网络调研,发现了您的网站。我想问我是否能采访您。”inform通知;read写着、写有;write书写;ask询问。根据空前“I’m working on my big year-end project”及空后“I love biology.I did some online research and found your website.I would like to ask if I could you.”可知,空前和空后都是介绍的留言所写的内容,故此处应用read意为“写着……”;属于熟词生义,故选B项。]
7.D [句意同上。quote引用;find找到;follow跟随;interview采访。根据第一段的提示“That is until she received a(n) email from a third-grader in Minnesota who wanted to interview her for a class .”可知,前文提到一个三年级的学生想要采访她,此处为信息词interview的词汇复现,故选D项。]
8.A [句意:不用说,Shen立刻就被这封邮件打动了,因此她在网上分享了这个孩子鼓舞人心的截图。touch使感动;confuse使困惑;frighten使害怕;surprise使惊讶。根据倒数第二段的提示“Many commenters were just as moved by the email as Shen was.”可知,很多评论者与Shen一样感动,故此处指Shen立刻就被这封邮件打动了,故选A项。]
9.B [句意:从她第一次分享,这帖子就迅速走红,得到了多达27万的点赞和1 500多条评论。frequently频繁地;immediately立刻地;exactly确切地;eventually最终。根据后文“gaining more than 270,000 likes and 1,500 since she first shared it”可知,此处指立刻变得流行,故选B项。]
10.B [句意同上。question问题;comment评论;post帖子;call电话。根据倒数第二段的提示“Many commenters were just as moved by the email as Shen was.”可知,很多评论者说他们与Shen一样很感动,故此处指1 500多条评论,故选B项。]
11.C [句意:看到孩子们受到鼓励,想要去取得和你一样多的成就,真是太令人惊叹了。bother烦扰;request要求;inspire鼓励;order命令。根据前文“she had never herself to be an inspiration for future generations”可知,她从未想过自己能成为后代的激励,故此处指孩子受到鼓励,想去取得尽可能多的成就,故选C项。]
12.D [句意:其他的读者也想起了自己在孩子成长过程中的经历。accuse控告;suspect怀疑;warn警告;remind提醒,使想起。根据空后“of their own experiences with young children growing up”可知,此处指其他评论者因此事产生的联想,故选D项。]
13.A [句意:榜样很重要,令人惊叹的是,这个三年级的学生找到了自己的偶像。awesome令人惊叹的,极佳的(课标生僻词);urgent紧急的;impossible不可能的;depressing令人沮丧的。根据后文“the third-grader found his role model.”可知,这个三年级的学生找到了自己的偶像,这件事是积极正面的,故选A项。]
14.C [句意:现在,这个故事感动了上千人,Shen有了新的动力去完成她的博士学位,去继续支持她这个领域的学生。quit放弃;advocate拥护;complete完成;use使用。根据第一段中的“Ph.candidate Elaine Shen”可知,Shen是博士候选人,需要完成她的博士学位,故选C项。]
15.B [句意同上。competition竞争(由compete派生而来);support支持;injustice不公正(由justice派生而来);privacy隐私(课标生僻词)。根据倒数第二段中的“It’s pretty amazing to witness that children are to achieve as much as you have done.”可知,Shen已经成为了孩子们的偶像,她会继续为孩子们提供支持和帮助,故选B项。]
Ⅲ.【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了长颈鹿妈妈教新生长颈鹿站起来的过程,并联想到了伟大作家Irving Stone,他一生写了很多关于伟大人物的传记,这些人不断追逐梦想并终有所成。
1.first [考查数词。此处表示新生长颈鹿如何学习它的第一课,应用序数词,故填first。]
2.repeats/will repeat/is repeated/will be repeated [考查时态语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,空处作谓语,与上文时态保持一致,用一般现在时,也可用一般将来时表将要发生的动作;主语为第三人称单数,且repeat在此处既可作及物动词,也可作不及物动词,故填repeats/will repeat/is repeated/will be repeated。]
3.on [考查介词。此处考查固定短语stand on one’s legs“站起来”,故填on。]
4.which [考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,从句缺主语,先行词为baby giraffes,故填which。]
5.survival [考查词性转换。空前是介词,故空处应用名词作宾语,故填survival。]
6.understood [考查时态。分析句子结构可知,空处作谓语。根据下句的spent可知,此处在讲过去的事情,空处应保持时态统一,用一般过去时,故填understood。]
7.writing [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,as well as是并列连词,因此前后成分的形式需要一致。根据空前studying可知,此处填动名词,故填first。]
8.asked [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处作非谓语,逻辑主语he和ask之间是动宾关系,应用过去分词,故填asked。]
9.excellent [考查词性转换。空后是名词,需要用形容词修饰,故填excellent。]
10.what [考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导宾语从句作介词of的宾语,从句中缺宾语,故填what。]必修第二册 UNIT 2 WILDLIFE PROTECTION
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共30分)
(2025·郑州高三质量预测二)Waterways are important for every country around the world.They provide not only water for everyday use but also routes for transport.However,due to industrial activity,many of them are now polluted.
Dakota Perry from the US has experienced water pollution first-hand.The 15-year-old high school girl told Alabama Local News that she spends a lot of time going on boat rides with her dad on the river behind their house.However,the river has become littered with plastic bags,bottles and cups.Perry wanted to clean up the water so she could continue to enjoy the river.So,with the help of her father,she designed a system to collect and remove rubbish in waterways.
In May,Perry put forward her solution at the Regeneron International Science and Engineering Fair held in Georgia,the US,and received a Judge’s Award from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration for her project.
According to the Science News for Students website,her system was inspired by the Dutch Great Bubble (气泡) Barrier in Amsterdam,which creates a flow of bubbles that trap waste and directs it to a catchment system.But Perry tried to challenge herself and make her system more environment-friendly.She planned to create a curtain of bubbles that stretched the river diagonally (对角地).The curtain would stop the floating rubbish and then push it toward the shore.Once there,a conveyor run by a solar-powered battery would carry the waste to a dustbin.
In her backyard pool,Perry used an air compressor (压缩机) to send air through a pipe full of holes to create a stream of bubbles.She experimented with different amounts of pressure to make sure there would be enough bubbles to form a full curtain.“For the bubble system to actually work and collect rubbish,” she explained to Science News for Students,“I have to know how much pressure the air compressor is supposed to push out.”
After she tested her system for collecting rubbish,Perry found that it worked better than expected.Next,she plans to work out how to use the power of the river to run the air compressor.
1.What motivated Perry to design a rubbish-collecting system
Her father’s encouragement. Her desire to protect a nearby river.
A visit to a science and engineering fair. An invention of a Dutch high school student
2.What can we know about the rubbish-collecting system
It was designed by Perry alone. It makes power to run the air compressor.
It collects solar energy to remove rubbish. It creates a bubble curtain to block rubbish.
3.What is the 5th paragraph mainly about
Advantages of the system. The way of testing the system.
The improvement on the system. Challenges in the design process.
4.What kind of person is Perry
Efficient and ambitious. Helpful and hard-working.
Responsible and creative. Professional and adventurous.
(2025·南通高三模拟)The science of why insects gather around lights at night has never been nailed down.Popular theories propose that moths and other insects navigate (导航) by the moon and mistake lamps for moonlight,or that the insects fly towards light to escape coming danger.Now researchers believe they have a more convincing answer:contrary to current theories,insects are not attracted to light from far away,but become trapped if they fly close to an artificial light source.
According to Dr Sam Fabian,study co-author and Imperial College London entomologist,moths and many other insects that fly at night evolved to tilt (倾斜) their backs to wherever is brightest.For hundreds of millions of years,this was the sky rather than the ground.The trick told insects which way was up and ensured they flew level.But then came artificial lighting.Moths found themselves tilting their backs to street lamps.This caused them to circle around the lamps endlessly,the insects trapped by their evolution.
Fabian and his colleagues filmed insect flight paths around lights in the lab.The videos reveal that time and again,moths and dragonflies turned their backs to artificial lights,which appeared to greatly change their flight paths.If the light is above them,they might start orbiting it,but if it’s behind them,they start tilting backwards and end up flying in circles or diving toward the ground.
Researchers have long warned that light pollution is a big driving force in the dramatic decline in insect populations.Moths and other insects that become trapped around lamps become easily caught by bats.The artificial lighting can also fool them into thinking it is daytime,causing them to bed down and skip a night’s feeding.
There are,Fabian believes,helpful lessons from the research.“What this tells us is that the direction of artificial light matters.Could we change lighting environments to not trap insects For we’re facing a massive decline in insects around the world,and artificial light at night is one of the factors that could potentially be leading to this decline,” Fabian said.
5.What do the underlined words “nailed down” in paragraph 1 mean
Popularized widely. Discussed openly.
Defined accurately. Explored academically.
6.Fabian’s study found that moths circle around the lamps endlessly because .
they can’t keep their balance. they use improper flight attitude.
they lose track of which way is up. they are attracted to lights from far away.
7.What is the significance of the research finding
It may lead to better conservation of insects.
Natural enemies of insects will be got rid of.
Artificial lighting will be greatly reduced at night.
It may raise concerns for insects’ eating behavior.
8.What is the text mainly about
Why insects lose their ability to fly at night.
Why artificial light and evolution trap insects.
How artificial light impacts insect populations.
How insects evolved distinct strategies of flight.
(2025·济宁高三模拟)In 2022,the Nature Conservancy launched two 5-year pilot projects at working ranches (牧场) in Kansas and New Mexico to determine if virtual fences enable land managers to better perform regenerative management practices and to assess potential benefits for biodiversity and for ranchers’ bottom lines,as well as impacts on soil carbon storage.
Applauded by the U.S.Department of Agriculture as a climate adaption strategy,virtual fencing is an innovative technology that enables ranchers to use a smartphone or web app to remotely monitor and control where and when cattle graze (吃草).Virtual fences can reduce the need for physical fences,which require significant time,expense and labor to maintain.Physical fences also limit land managers in their ability to change grazing boundaries to adapt to seasonal changes in vegetation or to exclude cattle from ecologically sensitive areas.
The cows are outfitted with battery-operated,GPS-enabled collars that send out a radio frequency to communicate with reception towers,creating virtual grazing boundaries set by a rancher.When a cow approaches the edge of the virtual boundary,the collar produces a sound signaling it to turn around.If the cow proceeds to cross the boundary,it receives a momentary mild shock,signaling that it’s gone too far and should rejoin its group.
Grasslands are the least protected habitat on earth and one of the most effective carbon sinks,storing up to 20% of the world’s soil organic carbon.Unfortunately,grasslands are continuing to rapidly disappear for several reasons.For ecological health,most grassland ecosystems need periods of disturbance to aerate (使透气) the soil,stimulate plant growth and recycle nutrients into the soil.Ranchers complete this disturbance-rest cycle by managing the timing,location,herd size and intensity of grazing activities,all of which can be time-consuming and painstaking.
“Currently,the costs of virtual fencing are still high,but in the long run it can help land managers better carry out management practices that regenerate land health,help address climate change and biodiversity loss,” said William Burnidge,director of the Nature Conservancy.
9.What’s stressed concerning virtual fencing in paragraph 2
Its smart design. Its major advantages.
Its wide application. Its working principles.
10.What does the mild shock indicate to the cow
It’s time to return. It’s time to graze.
It’s in danger. It’s in a wrong direction.
11.What’s unavoidable for ranchers to complete the disturbance-rest cycle
Intense efforts. Polluted soil.
Financial failure. Ecological imbalance.
12.What’s Mr.Burnidge’s attitude to virtual fencing
Intolerant. Objective.
Doubtful. Conservative.
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分)
(2025·济南历城二中高三模拟)Breakthroughs from science and technology have completely changed much of human life. 1 The following are some examples of traditional methods,old ideas,and ancient techniques that are helping to solve problems in the 21st century.
Yacouba Sawadogo,a farmer from Burkina Faso,West Africa,has led the transformation of poor,dry land into productive agricultural land. 2 Pits (坑) are dug in the ground,allowing water to gather in one place.Since popularizing the use of pits,Sawadogo has helped increase food production in Burkina Faso.
3 Here deep holes are dug in places where crops are grown,enabling water to be directed precisely to places where it is needed.And the holes are covered with soil,straw and other materials to keep in as much moisture (水分) as possible.
And in Thailand,some farmers have avoided modern,chemical-based methods for pest control and are instead adopting the ancient method using ducks known locally as “ped lai thoong”,meaning “field chasing (追赶) ducks”. 4
As for forest problems,periodic fires can be a solution.The reason is that they can clear out dead organic material,expose the forest floor to sunlight,and nourish the soil. 5 Researchers have found that ancient inhabitants of the Amazon region had been using fire to clear the rainforest in a carefully controlled way to limit the risk of large outbreaks.
A.But this practice is nothing new.
B.Ancient techniques are proving more effective,though.
C.This ground-based technique is a great help to precise farming.
D.He has done it thanks to an ancient way of trapping water in the soil.
E.Digging holes forms an important part of agriculture in Zimbabwe,too.
F.These birds are left to wander freely among fields to eat harmful insects.
G.But sometimes,tried and tested ideas that have stood the test of time can still be of use.
1. 2.
3. 4.
5.
单 词 聚 焦 A Para.1:industrial adj.工业的,产业的;Para.2:first-hand adv.第一手得来地,直接地;remove v.移开,拿开,去掉;Para.4:direct v.指引,指向,引导;使……转向;stretch v.拉长,拽宽,撑大,抻松;拉紧,拉直
B Para.1:insect n.昆虫;navigate v.导航;Para.2:evolve v.进化;Para.3:circle n.圈; Para.4:decline n.减少;Para.5:factor n.因素
C Para.1:launch v.启动;Para.2:applaud v.赞扬;strategy n.策略;Para.3:boundary n.边界; Para.4:habitat n.栖息地;carbon n.碳;ecosystem n.生态系统;Para.5:practice n.做法
B Para.1:current 熟义:n.电流;生义:adj.现在的,最近的
C Para.4:sink 熟义:v.沉入;生义:n.储存库
词 块 积 累 A Para.3:put forward提出(计划、建议、意见等)
B Para.1:gather around聚集;Para.3:end up最终;Para.4:light pollution光污染; Para.5:helpful lessons有帮助的教训
C Para.1:enable sb to do sth使某人能够做某事;as well as以及;Para.2:adapt to适应; Para.3:send out发出;communicate with与……沟通;turn around转变
长 难 句 式 B Para.2:According to Dr Sam Fabian,study co-author and Imperial College London entomologist,moths and many other insects that fly at night evolved to tilt their backs to wherever is brightest. [分析] 这是一个复合句。study co-author and Imperial College London entomologist是Dr Sam Fabian的同位语;关系代词that引导定语从句,修饰先行词moths and many other insects;连接副词wherever引导从句,作介词to的宾语。 [译文] 根据研究合著者、伦敦帝国学院昆虫学家Sam Fabian博士的说法,夜间飞行的蛾子和许多其他昆虫已经进化到会将它们的背部向最亮的地方倾斜。
C Para.5:Currently,the costs of virtual fencing are still high,but in the long run it can help land managers better carry out management practices that regenerate land health,help address climate change and biodiversity loss. [分析] 这是一个由but连接的并列复合句。在第二个分句中含有一个由关系代词that引导的定语从句。 [译文] 目前,虚拟围栏的成本仍然很高,但从长远来看,它可以帮助土地管理者更好地实施恢复土地健康、应对气候变化和生物多样性丧失的管理措施。
必修第二册 UNIT 2
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】 本文是新闻报道。文章主要报道了美国15岁的高中女孩Dakota Perry在父亲的帮助下,设计了一款收集和清理河道垃圾的系统。
1.B [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However,the river has become littered with...clean up the water so she could continue to enjoy the river.”可知,Perry为了清理河道里的垃圾,保护附近的河流,设计了一款垃圾收集系统,故选B项。]
2.D [细节理解题。根据第四段中的“She planned to create a curtain of bubbles...then push it toward the shore.”可知,该系统会生成气泡屏障以阻挡漂浮的垃圾,故选D项。]
3.B [段落大意题。根据第五段中的“She experimented with different amounts of...to form a full curtain.”和“I have to know how much pressure the air compressor is supposed to push out.”可知,本段主要讲测试这个系统的方法,故选B项。]
4.C [推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Perry wanted to clean up the water”可以看出,Perry是一个有社会责任感的孩子;根据第五段中的“She experimented with different amounts of pressure to make sure there would be enough bubbles”可以看出,Perry对自己的系统很负责任;根据第四段中的“Perry tried to challenge herself and make her system more environment-friendly”可知,Perry是一个有创新精神的人,故选C项。]
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一项对昆虫夜晚趋光的研究,研究发现昆虫因其进化出的本能会被夜间的光照困住,启示我们改善人造光源以保护昆虫。
5.C [词义猜测题。根据画线短语下文“Popular theories...a more convincing answer”可知,对于昆虫为何会在夜间聚集在灯光周围这一问题没有标准答案,故可推知画线短语所在句意为“昆虫为何会在夜间聚集在灯光周围,这一科学问题至今仍未得到明确解释”,推测画线短语nailed down意为“明确解释”,与Defined accurately意义相近,故选C项。]
6.B [细节理解题。根据第二段中“Moths found...by their evolution.”可知,飞蛾会将背部向着路灯倾斜,这导致它们无休止地绕着灯转,因此是不正确的飞行姿态导致飞蛾无休止地绕着灯转,故选B项。]
7.A [推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知,这项研究的意义是告诉我们改变人造光的方向可以使昆虫不被困住,从而更好地保护昆虫,故选A项。]
8.B [文章大意题。文章主要介绍了一项对昆虫夜晚趋光的研究,研究发现昆虫被进化的本能困住,会无休止地围绕人造光源旋转,这启示我们可以改变人造光的方向,更好地保护昆虫,所以B项“为什么人造光和进化会困住昆虫 ”符合题意,故选B项。]
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了在2022年,美国大自然保护协会在堪萨斯州和新墨西哥州中处于运营状态的牧场推出的两个为期5年的虚拟围栏试点项目,说明了虚拟牧场的工作原理以及其对牧场和管理的好处,并展望了该项目的前景。
9.B [推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Applauded by...expense and labor to maintain.”可知,这一段主要说的是虚拟围栏对适应气候和管理都有好处,即介绍了其优势,故选B项。]
10.A [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If the cow proceeds...should rejoin its group.”可知,牛收到轻微电击的时候,就表明它应该回到牛群,故选A项。]
11.A [细节理解题。根据第四段中的“For ecological health...be time-consuming and painstaking.”可知要完成这个周期十分耗时耗力,即需要付出巨大努力,故选A 项。]
12.B [观点态度题。根据文章最后一段中的“Currently,the costs of virtual fencing...help address climate change and biodiversity loss”可知,作者既提到了虚拟牧场的优点,还提到了它费用高昂的缺点,所以作者对该项目的态度是客观的,故选B项。]
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了几种能帮助解决现代问题的传统方法。
1.G [空前提到科学技术的突破彻底改变了人类生活的许多方面。空后提到以下是一些用传统方法、旧思想和古老技术解决21世纪问题的例子。由此可知,空处应与空前内容形成转折,并引出传统方法。故G项“但有时候,经受住了时间考验的可靠的想法仍然有用”符合语境。G项中的“tried and tested ideas that have stood the test of time”与空后的“traditional methods,old ideas,and ancient techniques”相呼应。]
2.D [空前提到来自西非布基纳法索的农民Yacouba Sawadogo将贫瘠、干燥的土地转变为多产的农业用地。空后提到在地里挖坑,让水聚集在一个地方。自从推广坑的使用以来,Sawadogo帮助提高了布基纳法索的粮食产量。由此可知,空处应提及Yacouba Sawadogo是如何做的,即他采用了什么样的方法。D项“他能做到这一点要归功于一种将水留存在土壤中的古老方法”承上启下,符合语境。其中,D项中的“He”指代上文中的“Yacouba Sawadogo”,“an ancient way of trapping water in the soil”与下文中的“Pits (坑) are dug in the ground,allowing water to gather in one place.”相呼应。]
3.E [空处为段落主旨句。空后提到在这里,人们在种植作物的地方挖深洞,使水能够精确地流向需要的地方。这些洞被土壤、稻草和其他材料覆盖,以保持尽可能多的水分。由此可知,本段提及的传统方法应与“deep holes”有关,且空处应点明“Here”所指的地方。E项“挖洞也是津巴布韦农业的重要组成部分”能够概括段落的主要内容,符合语境。]
4.F [空前提到在泰国,一些农民避免使用现代的化学方法来控制害虫,而是使用一种在当地被称为“ped lai thoong”的古老方法。由此可知,空处应是对这种方法的具体介绍。F项“这些鸭子被放在田野里自由地游荡,吃掉害虫”说明了该方法的具体做法和目的,符合语境。F项中的“These birds”指代上文中的“ducks”。]
5.A [空前提到至于森林问题,定期放火可能是一个解决方案。原因是火可以清除死亡的有机物质,使森林地表暴露在阳光下,并滋养土壤。空后提到研究人员发现,亚马孙地区的古代居民一直在小心谨慎地用火清理雨林,以限制大火爆发的风险。由此可知,空处内容应是在说这种做法并不新鲜,以前就有。A项“但这种做法并不新鲜”与上文形成转折,且与空后内容呼应,符合语境。]必修第二册 UNIT 3 THE INTERNET
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共20分)
(2025·江西师大附中高三模拟)Many parents confused by how their children shop or socialize,would feel undisturbed by how they are taught—this sector remains digitally behind.Can artificial intelligence boost the digital sector of classroom ChatGPT-like generative AI is generating excitement for providing personalized tutoring to students.By May,New York had let the bot back into classrooms.
Learners are accepting the technology.Two fifths of undergraduates surveyed last year by online tutoring company Chegg reported using an AI chatbot to help them with their studies,with half of those using it daily.Chegg’s chief executive told investors it was losing customers to ChatGPT as a result of the technology’s popularity.Yet there are good reasons to believe that education specialists who harness AI will eventually win over generalists such as OpenAI and other tech firms eyeing the education business.
For one,AI chat bots have a bad habit of producing nonsense.“Students want content from trusted providers,” argues Kate Edwards from a textbook publisher.Her company hasn’t allowed ChatGPT and other AIs to use its material,but has instead used the content to train its own models into its learning apps.Besides,teaching isn’t merely about giving students an answer,but about presenting it in a way that helps them learn.Chatbots must also be tailored to different age groups to avoid either cheating or infantilizing (使婴儿化) students.
Bringing AI to education won’t be easy.Many teachers are behind the learning curve.Less than a fifth of British educators surveyed by Pearson last year reported receiving training on digital learning tools.Tight budgets at many institutions will make selling new technology an uphill battle.Teachers’ attention may need to shift towards motivating students and instructing them on how to best work with AI tools.If those answers can be provided,it’s not just companies that stand to benefit.An influential paper from 1984 found that one-to-one tutoring improved the average academic performance of students.With the learning of students,especially those from poorer households held back such a development would certainly deserve top marks.
1.What do many parents think remains untouched by AI about their children
Their shopping habits. Their social behavior.
Their classroom learning. Their interest in digital devices.
2.What does the underlined word “harness” in paragraph 2 mean
Develop. Use. Prohibit. Blame.
3.What mainly prevents AI from entering the classroom at present
Many teachers aren’t prepared technically.
Tailored chatbots can’t satisfy different needs.
AI has no right to copy textbooks for teaching.
It can be tricked to produce nonsense answers.
4.Where is the text most probably taken from
An introduction to AI. A product advertisement.
A guidebook to AI application. A review of AI in education.
(2025·陕西师大附中高三模拟)Lately,it’s felt like technological change has entered an incredible panies like OpenAI and Google have unveiled new Artificial Intelligence systems with incredible capabilities,making what once seemed like science fiction an everyday reality.It’s an era that is raising big,existential questions for us all,about everything from the future of human existence to the future of human work.
“Things are changing so fast,” says Erik Brynjolfsson,a leading,technology-focused economist based at Stanford University.As he notes,this new wave of technological change looks like it could be pretty different.Unlike before,experienced and skilled workers benefited mostly from AI technology.In this new wave,it’s the less experienced and less skilled workers who benefit the most.“And that might be helpful in terms of closing some of the inequality that previous technologies actually promoted,” Brynjolfsson says.So one benefit of intelligence machines is maybe they will improve the know-how and smarts of low performers,thereby reducing inequality.
But it’s also possible that AI could lower the profit of the experienced,smart,or knowledgeable ones.AI could reduce inequality by bringing the bottom up,and it could also reduce inequality by bringing the top and middle down.
Of course,as Erik put,it’s also possible that AI could end up increasing inequality even more.For one,it could make the Big AI companies,which own these powerful new systems,wildly rich.It could also empower business owners to replace more and more workers with intelligent machines.And it could kill jobs for all but the best of the best in various industries,who keep their jobs because maybe they’re superstars or because maybe they have seniority.
The effects of AI,of course,are still very much being studied and these systems are evolving fast,so this is just an assumption.This machine intelligence could upend much of the previous thinking on which kinds of jobs will be affected by automation.
5.What do the underlined words “the knowhow and smarts” mean in paragraph 2
Experience and intelligence. Skills and potential.
Capacity and experience. Outlook and talents.
6.Who will gain more in this new AI era
The senior with high rank. The inexperienced with low competence.
The learned with great credit. The poor with practical skills.
7.Which statement will Erik probably agree with
The fast development of AI will promote the division of inequality.
AI Giants will be the dominator in the future world of new AI systems.
The best of all walks of life will survive the competition against AI systems.
Lower rank workers with little knowledge are bound to be abandoned by employers.
8.Which of the following is the best title for the text
The Fast Growth of the Artificial Intelligence
The Influence of the AI Inequality
The Impact of the Artificial Intelligence
The Future of the AI Generation
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分,共15分)
(2025·江西师大附中高三模拟)My work in cancer research was generating a lot of waste every day.As our research turned to full capacity,our waste production 1 .
I went to my adviser and suggested the idea of 2 3D-printed lab tools out of some of our waste.She 3 me and then I secured funding to purchase recycling equipment.But after months of 4 ,the project didn’t go as I had imagined and progressed slowly.So it was a welcome 5 when my co-workers brainstormed other ways to reduce our environmental 6 .
We created a group to push for greener ways to 7 .We began meeting monthly to come up with solutions.Over the following months,we 8 new recycling bins to each lab so that our plastic waste could be sorted 9 .We created rules for each device to be energy-efficient.I’m still disappointed that I couldn’t fully realize my 3D-printing 10 .I am stubborn enough to keep trying.But I’ve also learned that if one approach isn’t working,sometimes it’s best to 11 and look for other solutions.I’m thankful that with the help of the 12 community around me,we are able to do that.
I encourage scientists everywhere to think about ways to reduce the 13 impact of their own research.The work we do is important.But we should also do our part to be as sustainable as we can.After all,what 14 does our science have if,ultimately,there remains no 15 planet we can call our home
1.returned declined
stabilized rocketed
2.creating buying
borrowing renting
3.suspected criticized
encouraged comforted
4.struggle discussion
training confusion
5.source relief
target success
6.distribution option
phase footprint
7.cure defend
operate negotiate
8.commented introduced
moved knocked
9.properly typically
naturally annually
10.recipe prevention
vision association
11.set off speak out
hold on step back
12.local academic
final new
13.fundamental historical
environmental financial
14.significance possibility
fortune depth
15.broad supportive
different particular
Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分)
(2025·南京金陵中学高三模拟)Pan Yuzhen,a master of embroidery (刺绣),was embroidering flying butterflies and flowers with her back 1. a window,saying,“Foreigners are so fond of our embroidery products 2. they even line up just waiting to buy one for their families.I never 3. (think) the traditional skills handed down by my ancestors would become so 4. (market) abroad.”
“As you can see,Miao embroidery is not only the 5. (proud) of our Miao people,but that of our Chinese people,” Pan said,6. wants to pass her embroidery skills down to the younger generation,hoping that they can continue to promote the unique skills.Now,almost all families in Taijiang County together with Pan 7. (involve) in the Miao costume business.
Zhang Yanmei,Pan’s daughter,having difficulty 8. (walk) like normal people,has taken over her mother’s business and helped her run a clothing processing plant.Zhang also serves as the chairwoman of an association for the 9. (physical) disabled,helping them to grow special plants used for dyeing (给……染色) cloth and instructing some of them 10. (complete) Miao embroidery orders.Today,the Miao embroidery industry has become a major distinctive industry in Taijiang County.
单 词 聚 焦 A Para.1:generative adj.生成的;personalized adj.个性化的;Para.2:popularity n.流行; Para.3:different adj.不同的;Para.4:budget n.预算;influential adj.有影响力的
B Para.1:technological adj.技术的;capability n.能力;Para.2:experienced adj.有经验的; Para.3:profit n.利润;knowledgeable adj.有知识的;Para.5:assumption n.假设
A Para.2:eye 熟义:n.眼睛;生义:v.看;关注;Para.3:tailor 熟义:n.裁缝;生义:v.定制
B Para.2:wave 熟义:n.波浪;生义:n.浪潮
词 块 积 累 A Para.2:as a result of作为……的结果;Para.3:have a bad habit of有……的坏习惯; Para.4:tight budgets预算紧缺
B Para.1:technological change技术变革;seem like看起来像;Para.2:benefit from受益于; in terms of在……方面
长 难 句 式 A Para.1:Many parents confused by how their children shop or socialize,would feel undisturbed by how they are taught—this sector remains digitally behind. [分析] 这是一个复合句。过去分词短语confused by...作后置定语;how引导从句作介词by的宾语。 [译文] 许多父母对于他们的孩子如何购物或社交感到困惑,但对于他们的教育方式却不会感到不安——教育方式的领域在数字化方面仍然落后。
B Para.1:Companies like OpenAI and Google have unveiled new Artificial Intelligence systems with incredible capabilities,making what once seemed like science fiction an everyday reality. [分析] 这是一个复合句。主句是Companies have unveiled new Artificial Intelligence systems;介词短语with incredible capabilities作伴随状语;现在分词短语making what once seemed like...作结果状语;what引导从句作动词make的宾语。 [译文] 像OpenAI和Google这样的公司已经推出了具有惊人能力的新型人工智能系统,使曾经看似科幻的东西成为日常现实。
必修第二册 UNIT 3
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能在教育行业的应用与限制,及其未来在教育行业的发展。
1.C [细节理解题。由文章第一段中的“Many parents confused...this sector remains digitally behind.”可知,很多父母对于孩子接受教育的方式没有感到担忧,因为在课堂学习这一领域,数字化仍然很落后,故选C项。]
2.B [词义猜测题。画线词所在部分“who harness AI”是限制性定语从句,修饰先行词education specialists(教育专家),结合下文“will eventually win over generalists such as OpenAI and other tech firms eyeing the education business” 可推知,教育专家利用AI技术可以最终战胜如OpenAI等其他关注教育事业的科技公司。故画线词harness意为“利用”,与use同义,故选B项。]
3.A [推理判断题。由文章第四段中的“Bringing AI to education...on digital learning tools.”可知,许多老师没有接受到针对使用数字化教学工具的培训,这妨碍了人工智能进入教学领域,即很多老师在技术上还没有准备好,故选A项。]
4.D [文章出处题。通读全文,尤其是由文章第一段中的“Can artificial intelligence boost the digital sector...let the bot back into classrooms.”可知,本文探讨了人工智能在教育行业的应用前景,并讨论了应用的困难和希望,因此本篇文章最有可能选自一份有关AI在教育领域的评论,故选D项。]
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了经济学家Erik就OpenAI等新兴人工智能公司所触发的新人工智能对人类未来可能产生的影响的研究。
5.A [词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“In this new wave...who benefit the most.”可知,经验和技术能力不足的工人可能在这场新浪潮中获益最多,从而推断下文画线短语the know-how and smarts在句中意为“经验和智力”,故选A项。]
6.B [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In this new wave...who benefit the most.”可知,在新的人工智能时代受益最多的是经验不足的新人,故选B项。]
7.C [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Of course...wildly rich.”可知,Erik赞同的观点是人工智能的发展最终可能加剧不平等,大型人工智能公司将成为未来新人工智能系统世界的赢家,与C项“各行业内的佼佼者将在人工智能系统的竞争中胜出”内容一致,故选C项。]
8.C [标题归纳题。本文主要从人工智能对业内工人和整个社会两个方面阐述了人工智能的影响,C项“人工智能的影响”符合题意,故选C项。]
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在癌症研究工作中意识到研究产生的废物问题,之后采取了一些措施努力减少研究对环境造成的影响,并呼吁科学家们不要因为科学研究对地球造成伤害。
1.D [根据上文“As our research turned to full capacity”和下文“I went to my adviser and suggested the idea of 3D-printed lab tools out of some of our waste.”可知,作者的研究工作会产生废弃物,随着他们的研究全面展开,相应的废弃物会迅速增多,故选D项。]
2.A [根据空后“3D-printed lab tools out of some of our waste”以及“I secured funding to purchase recycling equipment”可知,作者觉得研究中产生的废弃物太多,所以他找导师建议用这些废弃物打造实验室工具,故选A项。]
3.C [根据空后“I secured funding to purchase recycling equipment”可知,作者的导师同意了他的建议,并鼓励了他,让他成功获得了购买回收设备的资金,故选C项。]
4.A [根据空后“the project didn’t go as I had imagined and progressed slowly”可知,虽然作者努力了几个月,但是这个项目并没有像他想象的那样进展顺利,故选A项。]
5.B [根据空后“when my co-workers brainstormed other ways to reduce our environmental ”可知,作者的方法并没有起作用,所以当同事们提出其他的方法时,作者感到松了一口气。“relief” 表示在困境中得到帮助或找到新方法的轻松感,故选B项。]
6.D [根据空前“when my co-workers brainstormed other ways to reduce our environmental”可知,同事们也提出一些减少环境足迹的方法。“footprint”在此指的是研究活动对环境造成的影响,故选D项。]
7.C [根据空后“We began meeting monthly to come up with solutions.”可知,作者的团队成立了一个小组,来改进实验室操作方式以减少对环境的影响,故选C项。]
8.B [根据空后“new recycling bins to each lab”可知,作者的团队以更加绿色的方式来改进实验室的操作,所以此处应指他们引入了新的回收箱,故选B项。]
9.A [根据上文“we new recycling bins to each lab”可知,作者的实验室引入了新的回收箱,为了能够正确的给塑料废弃物分类,故选A项。]
10.C [根据第二段中的“But after months of ,the project didn’t go as I had imagined and progressed slowly.”可知,作者以前提出的3D打印的设想并没有实现,所以他感到非常的失望,故选C项。]
11.D [根据空后“and look for other solutions”可知,作者的方法在努力之后依然行不通,所以他觉得有时候需要后退一步,寻找新的方法,故选D项。]
12.B [根据上文“I’m thankful”可知,作者能够做到这些是因为其他的学术团体帮助了他。“academic community” 指的是科研领域内的同行和团队,故选B项。]
13.C [根据第二段中的“when my co-workers brainstormed other ways to reduce our environmental ”可知,作者鼓励科学家们思考如何减少自己的研究对环境造成的影响,故选C项。]
14.A [根据下文“if,ultimately,there remains no planet we can call our home”可知,作者觉得如果地球遭到了破坏,那么科学研究就没有意义了,故选A项。]
15.B [根据全文语境可知,如果地球遭到了破坏,不再是一个能支持生命存在、适合人类居住的可持续发展的星球,那么科学研究也没有了意义。supportive“给予帮助的,支持的”,故选B项。]
Ⅲ.【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了贵州台江县的苗绣非遗传承人潘玉珍如何带动全县制作苗绣,使苗绣产业蓬勃发展并走向世界的故事。
1.against [考查介词。此处表示“背靠着窗户”,应用介词against“倚着,靠着”,故填against。]
2.that [考查状语从句。外国人非常喜欢我们的刺绣产品,他们甚至会排队等待只为给家人买一件。此处为固定句型so...that...“如此……以至于……”,故填that。]
3.thought [考查时态。根据宾语从句中的“would become”可知,此处描述的是过去的事情,应用一般过去时,故填thought。]
4.marketable [考查词性转换。潘玉珍说她从没想过她的祖先传下来的传统技艺会在国外如此畅销。become为系动词,空处为表语且被副词so修饰,应用形容词,故填marketable。]
5.pride [考查词性转换。根据空前的“the”和空后的“of”可知,空处应用名词,故填pride。]
6.who [考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰表示人的先行词Pan,且从句缺少主语,故填who。]
7.are involved [考查时态语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“Now”可知,此处应用一般现在时;主语和involve“(使)参加,加入”之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;主语是almost all families,不是Pan,谓语用复数形式,故填are involved。]
8.walking [考查非谓语动词。此处考查have difficulty (in) doing sth“做某事有困难”这一固定搭配,故填walking。]
9.physically [考查词性转换。空处修饰形容词disabled,应用副词,故填physically。]
10.to complete [考查非谓语动词。instruct sb to do sth“指导某人做某事”是固定搭配,此处应用不定式,故填to complete。]必修第二册 UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS
Ⅰ.应用文写作(满分15分)
(2025·衡水高三模拟)假定你是李华。你班计划与英国伦敦的姐妹学校某班级在线共上一堂“经典文学”的交流课。请你代表班级写邮件给对方班长Terry,内容包括:
1.交流的目的;2.告知相关事宜;3.征求意见。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
Dear Terry,
Yours,
Li Hua
Ⅱ.读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2025·承德高三模拟)My two-year-old daughter was lovingly squished (挤) between a stack of groceries in one of my two shopping carts.Shopping once a month was a well-planned process.My list was organized so that I wouldn’t miss even one item.I knew the aisle,order,and cost of each item.
A gentleman in a suit stood behind me with three items in his hands.He looked up at his watch,then at me and smiled.I’d already let a person ahead of me with a single item.While my daughter was behaving well,I knew I’d pushed her longer than her endurance promised to last.Still,I felt for the man;he obviously had to be somewhere,and he’d be behind me a good long time.
“Why don’t you go ahead of me ” I said shifting the cart backwards.“You only have a couple of items.
“Thank you,” he replied appreciatively,stepping ahead of me.
My daughter gave him a broad smile.“Heh wo,” she said in her sweetest voice.
“Hello,” he replied,taken off guard by her friendliness.His face lit with pleasure.
As the belt moved forward,I started unloading my cart.His few items were ahead of mine separated by a red marker with the store name on it.I was only halfway finished unloading the first cart when a realization hit me.My husband had borrowed my bank card the night before and I couldn’t recall him putting it back in my wallet.I hurriedly dug out my purse and opened my wallet.My heart dropped.He hadn’t returned it.
The gentleman in front of me had paid and was picking up his groceries.
“I’ve forgotten my bank card.Could I pay with my phone ” I asked the cashier hopefully.
“I’m sorry.We only accept credit card or cash.The cashier looked down the lane,disgusted at the amount of groceries.I’m sure she was predicting she’d have to put items back on the shelves.
“It will take me an hour to run home and an hour back.Can you just put my stuff on the side please “I was discouraged.All my careful planning hadn’t helped.The hour and a half of shopping left me exhausted and I wasn’t sure how my daughter would handle another two hours in the car.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Just then,the gentleman in front of me smiled at me.
The next morning,my family knocked at the gentleman’s door.
必修第二册 UNIT 4
Ⅰ.【参考范文】
Dear Terry,
I’m Li Hua.I’m so excited about our upcoming virtual lesson to introduce “classical literature”.On behalf of my class,I’m writing to propose some ideas and confirm related details about it.
The lesson will serve as a channel for students to realize that classical literature are not only the essence of a culture,but also the pride of a country.
So for our part,we are considering appreciating famous novels around the world.To achieve the best effect,interactive forms,such as presentations and adapted plays,will be adopted.We’d like to have the lesson scheduled between April 3 and April 7,lasting 3 hours through an online conference application.
Does our proposal work well on your side Looking forward to your earliest reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
Ⅱ.【参考范文】
Just then,the gentleman in front of me smiled at me.His eyes were shining with kindness and empathy.Without a second thought,he turned to the cashier and said,“I’ll cover her groceries.” I was surprised by his generosity and struggled to find words to express my gratitude.As he swiped his credit card,a wave of relief washed over me.It was a small act of kindness,but it meant the world to me in that moment.With tears welling up in my eyes,I thanked him heartily feeling overwhelmed by the goodness of strangers.
The next morning,my family knocked at the gentleman’s door.We wanted to personally express our gratitude for his selflessness and repay his kindness.As he opened the door,we handed him a bouquet of flowers and a heartfelt thank-you note.He was visibly touched and invited us inside for a cup of tea.Sitting in his cozy living room,we shared stories and laughter,realizing that this chance encounter had brought us together.At that moment,I realized that sometimes the greatest blessings come in the form of unexpected friendships. 必修第二册 UNIT 5 MUSIC
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共30分)
(2025·南京、盐城高三模拟二)Across the world,humans purchase around 1.3 billion single-use plastic water bottles a day.Because only about 9% of plastic is recycled,the vast majority of those bottles wind up in landfills,the ocean,or elsewhere in nature.
When beach-loving Madison noticed those plastic bottles during her family’s trips to California,the 12-year-old “just felt like this needed to be changed”,she told Smithsonian Magazine.
So as she began thinking about what to do for her school science fair back in 2021,the idea of a project centered on reducing plastic pollution quickly came to her mind:She would design an eatable water bottle called the Eco-Hero.
“One of my biggest ambitions for my project was wanting to help the world,” the confident young inventor said in a video on the website.
To bring her idea to life,Madison built.upon the already established method by experimenting with common food materials.She also took inspiration from previous versions of eatable water bottles,though she focused on making hers bigger and more durable.She found that the combination of water,lemon juice,natural gum,and Alginic acid (褐藻酸) resulted in a gel pouch that wouldn’t break,could hold up to 3/4 cup of water,and would last in the fridge for three weeks.
Though she’d like to improve the Eco-Hero by making it able to hold more water,she believes her current version would work well as a replacement for the paper cups used by runners in races.All one needs to do is bite a hole in the water ball,drink the water,and then eat the pouch or throw it away to biodegrade.Madison hopes the Eco-Hero inspires others to take better care of the planet.“It doesn’t necessarily have to be in a big way,” she told Smithsonian Magazine.“People can still make a difference in the world,even if it’s just in a small way.”
1.What inspired Madison’s design of an eatable water bottle
Her school’s task. Her family’s urge.
Her love for nature. Her trips to the beach.
2.What can we know about the Eco-Hero
It is a copy of the previous versions.
It is made from unbreakable materials.
It is an improvement in size and durability.
It has a hole and should be disposed once used
3.Which of the following words can best describe Madison
Ambitious and creative. Talented and determined.
Courageous and confident. Cooperative and committed.
4.What can be the best title for the text
A good beginning is half done. Small people make big moves.
Where there is a will,there is a way. God helps those who help themselves.
(2025·石家庄高三质量检测)We can create learning moments that students remember forever if we open up our classrooms to awe and wonder.
Toward the end of my high school year,our Spanish teacher organized a trip to see an Andean band perform in Philadelphia.My classmates and I egged one another on ironically (讽刺地):Who could enjoy the show The performers’ clothing seemed odd.The instruments,strange.But then the performers kicked in,dancing to their bombo and wancara drums around the stage,and the panpipes and quena announced a kind of sound—new to us.
We had spent too little time discussing the culture of the Inca in social studies but its traditions came alive for us that evening.Once the wonderful performance lit up the stage and the hall filled up with music,my teenage cynicism disappeared.I rose out of my chair to dance with honest joy.
I have spent the last seven years living and working in South America.But my thirst for cultural exploration and a desire to understand the world outside my language and country have been alive longer than that.Sometimes I think that night dancing to those ancient rhythms unlocked this fascination.Why do I remember it so clearly decades later
In his recent book Awe:The New Science of Everyday Wonder and How It Can Transform Your Life,psychology professor Dacher Keltner explains that “brief moments of awe are as good for your mind and body as anything you might do”.Besides being a memorable emotion,awe boosts curiosity,builds humility,helps with critical thinking,and makes people feel more connected.It even makes us happier.“Twenty years into teaching happiness,” Keltner writes about how to find deep happiness,“I have an answer:FIND AWE.”
Moving forward,let’s do our best to build instances of awe into our curriculum (课程).So when our former students approach us on the subway years later,they will recall the magical moments from their days spent in our classes.
5.How did the students initially react to the Andean band’s performance
They showed respect for it. They approached it with doubt.
They left in disappointment. They felt joyful to appreciate it.
6.What does the underlined word “cynicism” in paragraph 3 refer to
The deep understanding of music. The strong enthusiasm for exploration.
The negative attitude to the world. The sense of connection with society.
7.What is paragraph 5 mainly about
The importance of finding happiness in life.
The lasting impact of a memorable experience.
The benefits of understanding different cultures.
The positive role of awe in improving one’s life.
8.Who is the text intended for
Teachers. High school graduates.
Parents. Psychology researchers.
(2025·柳州高级中学高三模拟)The concept of “forest bathing” has long been praised for its supposed health benefits.It can improve mental health and cognitive (认知的) performance,reduce blood pressure and even treat depression and anxiety.Yet forests can be hard to reach or completely inaccessible in a world where as many as 5 billion people might live in urban environments by 2030.Some scientists believe that virtual reality could offer an alternative.
VR has already been used to help distract children undergoing medical procedures,and icy virtual landscapes have eased the pain of burn victims.Could virtual forests obtain the same physiological responses as real ones
A group of scientists at the Czech University of Life Sciences—a psychologist with researchers in the forestry department—has tested the assumption by taking a group of 15 people into the Roztocky háj nature reserve for 30-minute bathing sessions.They then used laser scanners to develop a virtual twin of the same area of forest,enhanced with audio recordings.Twenty participants,including 10 who visited the real forest,spent 30 minutes in the virtual forest.Questionnaires assessing the participants emotional states revealed no significant difference between the two experiences,according to the results.As the forestry researcher leading the project explained,“I was aware that the forest was not real.However,the experience was vivid,and it was easy for me to forget that I was in an experimental room.”
There are limitations,of course.Since computer processing power is finite (有限的),virtual forests have physical boundaries.Some of the participants said they felt caged when they encountered the invisible forest wall.Power constraints (约束) also mean the computer is not perfect at small details like mushrooms or insects.Nor can virtual environments imitate every sensory experience of a real forest,like the smell of damp leaves.Making other sensations,like the feel of wind would prove more complicated.
Virtual environments can also cause cybersickness,which happens when your eyes perceive motion while your body does not.That is why some people felt dizzy after the bathing sessions.Psychologists and computer scientists hope that further research with larger groups of participants will help to overcome these limitations.
9.What is the first paragraph mainly about
The origin of forest bathing. The decrease of the real forest.
The necessity of virtual forest bathing. The expansion of urban environment.
10.How did the participants react to virtual forests
They felt almost the same as the real forests.
They longed for staying at the virtual forests.
They preferred surroundings with audio recordings.
They felt it difficult to adapt to experimental room.
11.What can improve the user experience in virtual forests
Invisible forest walls. Better small details.
Physical boundaries. Sensory from real forest.
12.A user of virtual forests may be suffering cybersickness if .
he feels curious and excited about forest bathing
his body isn’t used to the motion it’s experiencing
his psychologist or doctor gives him an examination
he fails to overcome the limitations of environments
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分)
(2025·南京高三二模)Once a year in a small mountain village,the Mande people gather to hear the folk stories of their traditions.The man playing an instrument called Sosso-Bala while singing is the storyteller.He holds all the folk knowledge of the Mande people.
Most of us don’t have a musical instrument that ties us together,but we have someone in our lives who’s the keeper of our folk knowledge.Often it’s a grandmother,who keeps all our stories of wisdom ready to tell upon request. 1 .What’s the best way to get a baby to sleep Where do I come from What’s my moral compass The stories provide an answer,and it’s useful to speak with someone who knows how things are done.
2 Researchers have documented folk knowledge in other species—whales returning to parts of the sea that they’d abandoned a generation before;monkeys that communicate hunting skills to their offspring (后代).Folk knowledge is not only culture,it’s also survival. 3
Traditionally,we share it in small units—families sharing around a dinner table. 4 Look at any social media,and you’ll see folk knowledge at work and at play.It’s exploded as we’re trained to look for information online,rather than from within.In this case,chances are that our questions can be answered with misinformation.
But we don’t gather once a year to reality check our “folk stories” as the Mande people do;nor do we center our folk traditions around a musical instrument.The Internet has no reality except its own and,left unchecked,its wisdom has no rhythm (节奏). 5
A.It’s just chaos.
B.This is why we do it.
C.Human wisdom has been passed down through generations.
D.The stories can be useful for dealing with all sorts of doubts.
E.Nowadays,folk knowledge has expanded to digital networks.
F.Now the Internet has made valuable folk wisdom at your fingertips.
G.Recently,we discovered that this very human practice isn’t limited to humans.
1. 2.
3. 4.
5.
单 词 聚 焦 A Para.1:landfill n.废物填埋地(或场);Para.4:ambition n.野心;雄心;志向;抱负;Para.5:inspiration n.灵感;启发灵感的人(或事物);使人产生动机的人(或事物);previous adj.先前的;以往的;version n.版本;描述,说法;变体;变种
B Para.1:awe n.敬畏,惊叹;Para.4:fascination n.入迷;魅力;Para.5:boost v.使增长;humility n.谦逊,谦恭;Para.6:instance n.例子,事例
C Para.1:cognitive adj.认知的;urban adj.城市的;virtual adj.虚拟的;alternative n.替代; Para.2:distract v.分散(注意力);landscape n.风景;victim n.受害者;response n.反应; Para.3:assumption n.假设;Para.4:encounter v.遇到;Para.5:perceive v.感知
B Para.4:thirst 熟义:n.口渴;生义:n.渴望,渴求
C Para.4:cage 熟义:n.笼子;生义:vt.关进笼内
词 块 积 累 A Para.1:wind up完成;停止(活动);Para.3:science fair科学展览
B Para.2:egg one another on互相怂恿;Para.3:come alive生动起来;引起兴趣;light up(使)光亮,放光彩
C Para.1:praise for赞扬;Para.2:burn victims烧伤患者;physiological responses生理反应; Para.3:emotional states情感状态;significant difference显著差异;Para.4:processing power处理能力; sensory experience感官体验
长 难 句 式 C Para.1:Yet forests can be hard to reach or completely inaccessible in a world where as many as 5 billion people might live in urban environments by 2030. [分析] 这是一个复合句。关系副词where引导定语从句,修饰先行词world。 [译文] 然而,在这个到2030年可能有多达50亿人生活在城市环境中的当今世界,森林可能难以到达,甚至完全无法触及。
必修第二册 UNIT 5
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了女孩Madison在12岁时设计了新型可食用凝胶袋以减少塑料污染的问题,并希望用自己的行动激励人们更好地爱护地球,为世界做出贡献。
1.D [细节理解题。根据第二段和第三段的描述可知,Madison在和她的家人去加州旅行时注意到许多塑料瓶被随意丢弃,于是希望做些什么以减少塑料污染。由此可知,是她去海滩的旅行启发了她,故选D项。]
2.C [细节理解题。根据第五段中的“though she focused on making hers...in the fridge for three weeks”可知,Madison专注于让自己的设计更大、更耐用。由此可知,“生态英雄”在容量和耐用性方面进行了改进,故选C项。]
3.A [推理判断题。Madison设计了可食用凝胶袋,由此可知她富有创造力;由第四段可知,Madison的最大抱负之一就是想帮助世界;由最后一段可知,她认为人们可以有所作为,即使是在很小的方面。由此可推知,Madison既有创造力又有雄心大志,故选A项。]
4.B [标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了当时才12岁的Madison设计了可食用凝胶袋以减少塑料污染的问题。她希望能激励人们更好地爱护地球,为世界做出贡献。故本文可用B项(小人物也有大作为)作最佳标题,故选B项。]
【语篇解读】 本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要通过讲述作者在高中时期观看Andean乐队表演的一次经历,阐述了“敬畏”对个人成长和学习的积极影响,并呼吁老师将“敬畏”融入课程。
5.B [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“My classmates and I egged...odd.The instruments,strange.”可知,作者和同学们起初觉得这个节目很奇怪,认为不会有人享受这场表演。由其中的反问以及odd、strange可知,学生们最初对乐队的表演持怀疑态度,故选B项。]
6.C [词义猜测题。画线词在主句中作主语。由主句谓语“disappeared”和下文中的“I rose out of my chair to dance with honest joy.”可推知,画线词含有贬义或负面意义。再由上文中作者和同学们一开始对表演讥讽怀疑的态度可知,C项“对世界的消极态度”与画线词意思最为接近,故选C项。]
7.D [段落大意题。根据第五段中的“brief moments of awe...as anything you might do”和“awe boosts curiosity,builds...even makes us happier”可知,敬畏对改善一个人的生活有积极作用,故选D项。]
8.A [读者对象题。从最后一段中提到的“So when our former students...their days spent in our classes.”中可以提取到关键信息“我们以前的学生”、“我们的课堂”。由此可推知,本文是专为老师写的,故选A项。]
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了虚拟现实技术在森林浴中的应用,包括其优势和存在的一些弊端。
9.C [段落大意题。根据第一段“The concept of ‘forest bathing’ has long been praised...even treat depression and anxiety.”可知现实中“森林浴”的好处,再由该段的主题句“Some scientists believe that virtual reality could offer an alternative.”可知,虚拟森林浴很有必要,故选C项。]
10.A [细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Twenty participants...between the two experiences,according to the results.”可知,参与者对虚拟森林和真实森林的体验几乎没有差异,故选A项。]
11.B [细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Power constraints(约束)also...like the feel of wind would prove more complicated.”可知,如果能改善小细节,那么就可以改善虚拟森林中的用户体验,故选B项。]
12.B [细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“Virtual environments...while your body does not.”可知,如果虚拟森林浴体验者的身体无法适应正在经历的运动,那么就会发生晕屏,故选B项。]
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】 本文是议论文。文章主要通过曼德人的事例,讲述了文化知识的传承问题。
1.D [上文“Often it’s a grandmother...tell upon request.”说明祖母会给孩子们讲智慧故事,选项D“这些故事可以用来解决各种各样的疑问。”承接上文,说明这些故事的作用,故选D项。]
2.G [下文“Researchers have documented...hunting skills to their offspring (后代).”说明其他物种也具备把知识技能传给下一代的行为能力,选项G“最近,我们发现这种人类行为并不局限于人类。”承上启下,故选G项。]
3.B [上文“Folk knowledge is not only culture,it’s also survival.”说明知识传承是非常重要的,选项B“这就是我们这么做的原因。”总结上文,故选B项。]
4.E [上文“Traditionally,we share it in small units—families sharing around a dinner table.”介绍了传统上知识传播分享的形式,选项E“如今,民间知识已经扩展到数字网络。”承接上文,介绍现在知识传承的新形式,故选E项。]
5.A [上文“The Internet has no reality except its own and,left unchecked,its wisdom has no rhythm (节奏).”说明互联网无现实基础,其民间知识未经检验,没有章法,选项A“就是一片混乱。”承接上文,和上文之间存在因果关系,是对“没有章法”的进一步阐明,故选A项。]
