(共39张PPT)
板块三 动词的运用
第2讲 非谓语动词
题型 高考典题 命题角度
语法
填空 1. (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)These sepals open on warm days ______ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. 1. 考查非谓语动词的句法功能(状语、定语、宾语、补语、主语和表语等)，以考查主语、宾语、状语居多；
2. 考查固定搭配中的非谓语动词。
to give
题型 高考典题 命题角度
语法
填空 2. (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)__________(recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare's play Richard Ⅲ in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tang's play was being performed.” 1. 考查非谓语动词的句法功能(状语、定语、宾语、补语、主语和表语等)，以考查主语、宾语、状语居多；
2. 考查固定搭配中的非谓语动词。
Recalling
题型 高考典题 命题角度
语法
填空 3. (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)They talk to the flood of international tourists and to _________(visit) Chinese zoo-keepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
4. (2023·全国甲卷)Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message ________(intend) for everyone. 1. 考查非谓语动词的句法功能(状语、定语、宾语、补语、主语和表语等)，以考查主语、宾语、状语居多；
2. 考查固定搭配中的非谓语动词。
visiting
intended
题型 高考典题 命题角度
语法
填空 5. (2023·全国乙卷)It is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully _____(build) system of ring roads.
6. (2023·全国乙卷)______________(visit) several times over the last 10 years, I am amazed by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage while constantly growing. 1. 考查非谓语动词的句法功能(状语、定语、宾语、补语、主语和表语等)，以考查主语、宾语、状语居多；
2. 考查固定搭配中的非谓语动词。
built
Having visited
题型 高考典题 命题角度
语法
填空 7. (2022·全国甲卷)A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked(徒步) 40 days to Xi'an，as a first step __________
(journey) the Belt and Road route
(路线) by foot. 1. 考查非谓语动词的句法功能(状语、定语、宾语、补语、主语和表语等)，以考查主语、宾语、状语居多；
2. 考查固定搭配中的非谓语动词。
to journey
考点一 动词不定式
1. 不定式的形式
时态形式 语态形式
主动 被动
一般式 to do to be done
完成式 to have done to have been done
2. 不定式的功能
作
主
语 语法规则 例句
不定式作主语时，可以直接放在句首。单个的不定式作主语时谓语动词用单数。 To enter a good university for further study is my goal now.
进入一所好大学深造是我现在的目标。
作
主
语 语法规则 例句
不定式作主语时，更多放在谓语之后，用it作形式主语，常用于“It is/was＋adj. (＋for/of sb)＋to do sth”结构中。 It's rude to turn your back on your teacher and refuse to answer.
对老师不予理睬，拒绝回答问题是不礼貌的。
It's necessary for us to help those in need.
我们有必要帮助那些有困难的人。
作
宾
语 语法规则 例句
不定式可作intend，plan，expect，pretend，would like/love/prefer，wish，decide，agree，manage，refuse，promise，attempt，choose，learn，fail，afford等动词的宾语。 The teacher decided to pretend to have known what the boys had done. He chose not to ask the boys but expected to be told everything.
老师决定假装已经知道这些男孩子们做了什么。他选择不去问孩子们，但是期望被告知一切。
作
宾
语 语法规则 例句
在某些动词，如find，think，consider，feel，make，believe等后，常用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语(不定式)后置。 He feels/thinks it important to learn English well，but finds it difficult to remember the words.
他认为学好英语很重要，但是发现记单词很难。
作
表
语 语法规则 例句
不定式作表语时，主语多是dream，goal，aim，purpose，plan 等表示“意向、打算、计划”的名词。 My dream is to become a doctor after my graduation from university.
我的梦想是大学毕业后当一名医生。
作
定
语 语法规则 例句
放在序数词，the only，the next，形容词最高级＋名词后作定语。 John is always the first one to come up with a good idea.
约翰总是第一个想出好办法的人。
放在某些名词，如chance，opportunity，way，ability，plan 等后作定语。 I feel greatly honoured to have the chance to deliver a speech here.
有机会在这里发表演讲，我感到万分荣幸。
作
状
语 语法规则 例句
作目的状语时，可位于句首或句中，形式上可用in order to do，so as to do，to do等。 I got up early so as to/in order to/to catch the early bus in the morning.
我早晨早起是为了赶早班车。
作结果状语时，常用于too ... to ... ，enough to，so/such ... as to结构中。only to do常表示出乎意料的结果。 I asked Mum to put up the tent excitedly，only to be told the tent had been left behind.
我兴冲冲地让妈妈搭帐篷，却被告知帐篷忘带了。
作
状
语 语法规则 例句
放在be happy/glad/sorry
/sad/surprised后作原因状语。 I am extremely glad to know that you are coming to China for a visit during the summer holiday.
我很高兴得知暑假你要来中国旅游。
作宾
语补
足语 语法规则 例句
下列动词后常用不定式作宾语补足语，ask，want，invite，get，force，expect，allow，persuade，order，warn，remind，prefer，cause，permit，forbid，advise，teach，tell等。 I am writing to invite you to come to my birthday party.
我写信邀请您来参加我的生日聚会。
作宾
语补
足语 语法规则 例句
下列动词(短语)接省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语：feel，hear，listen to，let，have，make，see，notice，observe，watch，look at。但用于被动语态时，不定式需加to。 I often hear the girl sing the song which is popular recently. ＝The girl is often heard to sing the song which is popular recently by me.
我经常听到这个女孩唱这首最近很流行的歌。
1. I carried around a book, and each night, just to be like my mum, I would pretend _____________(read).
2. On this special day，many Chinese people decide to get married ______(add) meaning to their special day.
3. _______(free) ourselves from the physical and mental tensions，we each need deep thought and inner quietness.
4. By the end of 2020, Pruitt had repaired more than 140 bicycles for donation or to ___________(return) to their owners.
to be reading
to add
To free
be returned
5. Fortunately, after a brief stay in hospital, Ben was well enough to be allowed ________(leave) and later the family met up for dinner.
6. As of Monday night, eight people were known ____________(die) in the incident, the latest being a severely injured man who died on the way to hospital.
7. Baggy has become the first dog in the UK—and potentially the world
—_______(join) the fight against air pollution by recording pollutant levels near the ground.
to leave
to have died
to join
8. On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come _____________(know) as the “wisdom of crowds” effect.
9. For children who enjoy playing games of hide and seek, there's something highly exciting about escaping someone else's glance and making oneself unable __________(see).
10. (2025·浙江1月卷)“It's a great opportunity ________ (share) my passion for food and to meet new people, ” said Ribeiro.
to be known
to be seen
to share
考点二 动词-ing形式
1. 动词-ing形式的构成
时态形式 语态形式
主动 被动
一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
2. 动词-ing形式的功能
作
主
语 语法规则 例句
动词-ing形式作主语时，可以直接放在句首。单个的动词-ing形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数，但表示多于一个的概念时，谓语动词则用复数。 Playing cellphone games is his favourite.
玩手机游戏是他的最爱。
Being laughed at in public made me embarrassed.
当众被人嘲笑让我感到尴尬。
作
主
语 语法规则 例句
有时用it作形式主语，常用于It is/was a waste (of ... )/no use/no good/no pleasure doing sth结构中。 It is no use trying to persuade such a stubborn person.
想要说服这样一个固执的人是没有什么用处的。
作
宾
语 语法规则 例句
动词-ing形式常作介词的宾语。下列短语中to是介词：be used to习惯于；object to反对；devote oneself to致力于；look forward to期盼。 I help Mum out by doing the housework that I can do.
我通过做力所能及的家务活帮助妈妈。
作
宾
语 语法规则 例句
动词-ing形式可作下列动词的宾语：
mind，miss，mention，enjoy，escape，practise，postpone，suggest，tolerate，consider，keep，avoid，admit，advise，allow/permit，appreciate，risk，resist，recommend，finish，forbid，imagine，dislike，delay，quit，deny等。 Little Tom is considering quitting practising playing the violin because his neighbour couldn't tolerate listening to the noise every day.
小汤姆正考虑放弃练习拉小提琴，因为他的邻居难以忍受每天听到这噪声。
作
表
语 语法规则 例句
动词-ing形式作表语表示笼统的、抽象的概念。 My hobby is reading books.
我的兴趣爱好是读书。
表示情绪的动词-ing形式作表语时，相当于形容词，意为“令人……的”。如：amazing，confusing，frightening，surprising等。 The news is surprising.
这则消息令人吃惊。
作
定
语 语法规则 例子
置于名词前作定语，表示被修饰的名词的动作、特征、用途和性能。 a sleeping child睡着的孩子
a swimming pool游泳池
动词-ing形式短语作定语，要放在被修饰的名词之后。 the girl wearing a red dress穿红裙子的女孩
the bridge being built now现在在建的大桥
作
状
语 语法规则 例句
doing与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，与句中谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生。 Walking in the street，I came across an old friend. 走在大街上，我碰到一个老朋友。
having done与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，且先于谓语动作发生。 Having waited in line for two hours，the old man became impatient.
已经排了两小时的队，这位老人变得不耐烦了。
作
状
语 语法规则 例句
having been done与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且先于谓语动作发生。 Having been told many times，the boy still made the same mistake again and again.
已经被告知很多次了，这个男孩还是一次又一次犯相同的错。
作宾
语补
足语 语法规则 例句
动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时，宾语与宾语补足语之间在逻辑上是主谓关系，结构为vt. ＋sb/sth＋doing ...。可以用于此结构的动词有：feel，catch，find，hear，have/keep/get/leave，see/watch/observe/notice。 I am sorry for keeping you waiting for me for such a long time.
很抱歉让你等我这么长时间。
The headmaster was angry to catch some students smoking again.
又一次抓住一些学生吸烟，校长很生气。
1. _______(serve) hard-to-find Thai dishes in an elegant atmosphere, the restaurant is true to Thai cuisine's roots.
2. It was a neighbour called Mario, _______(come) to bring us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.
3. Steve stood by the piano, eyes closed, listening for the first time to his own work ____________(play) by someone else.
4. Many Chinese brands, ________________(develop) their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.
Serving
coming
being played
having developed
5. James Barry, a woman surgeon, retired in 1859, __________________
(practise) her entire medical profession living and working as a man.
6. In the past few years, an __________(increase) number of people and organisations have begun coming up with plans to counter this trend.
7. I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid _______(miss) the moment I am attempting to photograph.
8. ___________(produce) food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it, and food waste will cause an environmental problem.
having practised
increasing
missing
Producing
9. It was a change that took place without _____________(notice) though it was of the extreme importance, a spiritual change which affected the whole state.
10. Facial recognition technology is working well at tourist attractions around China，________(reduce) the time people spend standing in lines at entries or security checks.
being noticed
reducing
考点三 动词-ed形式
1. 动词-ed形式作定语
语法规则 例子
单个的动词-ed形式作定语，放在被修饰词之前；动词-ed形式短语作定语，放在被修饰词之后。及物动词的-ed形式作定语表示被动和完成；不及物动词的-ed形式作定语只表示完成。 a broken glass 一只打碎的玻璃杯
the bridge completed last month上个月竣工的大桥
fallen leaves落叶
2. 动词-ed形式作状语
语法规则 例句
动词-ed形式作状语时，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且主语是动词-ed形式的承受者，动词-ed形式与主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。 Seen from the top of the mountain，our city looks beautiful.
从山顶上望去，我们的城市很美。
3. 动词-ed形式作宾语补足语
语法规则 例句
动词-ed形式作宾语补足语时，宾语与宾语补足语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，构成vt. ＋sb/sth＋done结构。 She had to raise her voice to make herself heard.
她不得不提高嗓门使自己被听到。
The old man wanted his old watch repaired.
这位老人想要找人修他的旧手表。
4. 动词-ed形式作表语
语法规则 例句
表示情绪的动词-ed形式作表语时，相当于形容词，意为“感到……的”。如：amazed，confused，frightened，surprised等。 I felt really surprised when she told me the exciting news.
当她告诉我这个令人兴奋的消息时，我感到非常惊讶。
1. The world's first express train with a studio ________(power) by 5G tech has been launched.
2. __________(register) dieticians and nutritionists can work in clinics, in the community, and in management.
3. We have traditional Zhongshan suit, Cheongsam and many other suits _______(create) by ethnic minorities.
4. Clearly and thoughtfully _______(write), the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.
powered
Registered
created
written
5. When he found his bicycle's front tyre flat, he had to look for a place along the street to get his bicycle ________(repair).
6. According to a new survey, 51% of kids _____(age) 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 p.m. or later on school nights, even though they have to get up early.
7. Students must be ready to complete short in-class tests ______(draw) directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class' lecture/discussion.
8. When _________(combine) with berries or slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”.
repaired
aged
drawn
combined第2讲 非谓语动词
题型 高考典题 命题角度
语法填空 1. (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)These sepals open on warm days to give (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.2. (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Recalling (recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare's play Richard Ⅲ in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tang's play was being performed.”3. (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)They talk to the flood of international tourists and to visiting(visit) Chinese zoo-keepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. 4. (2023·全国甲卷)Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message intended(intend) for everyone. 5. (2023·全国乙卷)It is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully built(build) system of ring roads. 6. (2023·全国乙卷)Having visited(visit) several times over the last 10 years, I am amazed by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage while constantly growing. 7. (2022·全国甲卷)A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked(徒步) 40 days to Xi'an，as a first step to journey(journey) the Belt and Road route(路线) by foot. 1. 考查非谓语动词的句法功能(状语、定语、宾语、补语、主语和表语等)，以考查主语、宾语、状语居多；2. 考查固定搭配中的非谓语动词。
动词不定式
1. 不定式的形式
时态形式 语态形式
主动 被动
一般式 to do to be done
完成式 to have done to have been done
2. 不定式的功能
作主语 语法规则 例句
不定式作主语时，可以直接放在句首。单个的不定式作主语时谓语动词用单数。 To enter a good university for further study is my goal now. 进入一所好大学深造是我现在的目标。
不定式作主语时，更多放在谓语之后，用it作形式主语，常用于“It is/was＋adj. (＋for/of sb)＋to do sth”结构中。 It's rude to turn your back on your teacher and refuse to answer. 对老师不予理睬，拒绝回答问题是不礼貌的。It's necessary for us to help those in need. 我们有必要帮助那些有困难的人。
作宾语 语法规则 例句
不定式可作intend，plan，expect，pretend，would like/love/prefer，wish，decide，agree，manage，refuse，promise，attempt，choose，learn，fail，afford等动词的宾语。 The teacher decided to pretend to have known what the boys had done. He chose not to ask the boys but expected to be told everything. 老师决定假装已经知道这些男孩子们做了什么。他选择不去问孩子们，但是期望被告知一切。
作宾语 语法规则 例句
在某些动词，如find，think，consider，feel，make，believe等后，常用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语(不定式)后置。 He feels/thinks it important to learn English well，but finds it difficult to remember the words. 他认为学好英语很重要，但是发现记单词很难。
作表语 语法规则 例句
不定式作表语时，主语多是dream，goal，aim，purpose，plan 等表示“意向、打算、计划”的名词。 My dream is to become a doctor after my graduation from university. 我的梦想是大学毕业后当一名医生。
作定语 语法规则 例句
放在序数词，the only，the next，形容词最高级＋名词后作定语。 John is always the first one to come up with a good idea. 约翰总是第一个想出好办法的人。
放在某些名词，如chance，opportunity，way，ability，plan 等后作定语。 I feel greatly honoured to have the chance to deliver a speech here. 有机会在这里发表演讲，我感到万分荣幸。
续表
作状语 语法规则 例句
作目的状语时，可位于句首或句中，形式上可用in order to do，so as to do，to do等。 I got up early so as to/in order to/to catch the early bus in the morning. 我早晨早起是为了赶早班车。
作结果状语时，常用于too ... to ... ，enough to，so/such ... as to结构中。only to do常表示出乎意料的结果。 I asked Mum to put up the tent excitedly，only to be told the tent had been left behind. 我兴冲冲地让妈妈搭帐篷，却被告知帐篷忘带了。
放在be happy/glad/sorry/sad/surprised后作原因状语。 I am extremely glad to know that you are coming to China for a visit during the summer holiday. 我很高兴得知暑假你要来中国旅游。
作宾语补足语 语法规则 例句
下列动词后常用不定式作宾语补足语，ask，want，invite，get，force，expect，allow，persuade，order，warn，remind，prefer，cause，permit，forbid，advise，teach，tell等。 I am writing to invite you to come to my birthday party. 我写信邀请您来参加我的生日聚会。
下列动词(短语)接省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语：feel，hear，listen to，let，have，make，see，notice，observe，watch，look at。但用于被动语态时，不定式需加to。 I often hear the girl sing the song which is popular recently. ＝The girl is often heard to sing the song which is popular recently by me. 我经常听到这个女孩唱这首最近很流行的歌。
1. I carried around a book, and each night, just to be like my mum, I would pretend to be reading(read).
2. On this special day，many Chinese people decide to get married to add(add) meaning to their special day.
3. To free(free) ourselves from the physical and mental tensions，we each need deep thought and inner quietness.
4. By the end of 2020, Pruitt had repaired more than 140 bicycles for donation or to be returned(return) to their owners.
5. Fortunately, after a brief stay in hospital, Ben was well enough to be allowed to leave(leave) and later the family met up for dinner.
6. As of Monday night, eight people were known to have died(die) in the incident, the latest being a severely injured man who died on the way to hospital.
7. Baggy has become the first dog in the UK—and potentially the world—to join(join) the fight against air pollution by recording pollutant levels near the ground.
8. On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known(know) as the “wisdom of crowds” effect.
9. For children who enjoy playing games of hide and seek, there's something highly exciting about escaping someone else's glance and making oneself unable to be seen(see).
10. (2025·浙江1月卷)“It's a great opportunity to share (share) my passion for food and to meet new people, ” said Ribeiro.
动词-ing形式
1. 动词-ing形式的构成
时态形式 语态形式
主动 被动
一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
2. 动词-ing形式的功能
作主语 语法规则 例句
动词-ing形式作主语时，可以直接放在句首。单个的动词-ing形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数，但表示多于一个的概念时，谓语动词则用复数。 Playing cellphone games is his favourite. 玩手机游戏是他的最爱。Being laughed at in public made me embarrassed. 当众被人嘲笑让我感到尴尬。
有时用it作形式主语，常用于It is/was a waste (of ... )/no use/no good/no pleasure doing sth结构中。 It is no use trying to persuade such a stubborn person. 想要说服这样一个固执的人是没有什么用处的。
作宾语 语法规则 例句
动词-ing形式常作介词的宾语。下列短语中to是介词：be used to习惯于；object to反对；devote oneself to致力于；look forward to期盼。 I help Mum out by doing the housework that I can do. 我通过做力所能及的家务活帮助妈妈。
动词-ing形式可作下列动词的宾语：mind，miss，mention，enjoy，escape，practise，postpone，suggest，tolerate，consider，keep，avoid，admit，advise，allow/permit，appreciate，risk，resist，recommend，finish，forbid，imagine，dislike，delay，quit，deny等。 Little Tom is considering quitting practising playing the violin because his neighbour couldn't tolerate listening to the noise every day. 小汤姆正考虑放弃练习拉小提琴，因为他的邻居难以忍受每天听到这噪声。
作表语 语法规则 例句
动词-ing形式作表语表示笼统的、抽象的概念。 My hobby is reading books. 我的兴趣爱好是读书。
表示情绪的动词-ing形式作表语时，相当于形容词，意为“令人……的”。如：amazing，confusing，frightening，surprising等。 The news is surprising. 这则消息令人吃惊。
作定语 语法规则 例子
置于名词前作定语，表示被修饰的名词的动作、特征、用途和性能。 a sleeping child睡着的孩子a swimming pool游泳池
动词-ing形式短语作定语，要放在被修饰的名词之后。 the girl wearing a red dress穿红裙子的女孩the bridge being built now现在在建的大桥
作状语 语法规则 例句
doing与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，与句中谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生。 Walking in the street，I came across an old friend. 走在大街上，我碰到一个老朋友。
having done与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，且先于谓语动作发生。 Having waited in line for two hours，the old man became impatient. 已经排了两小时的队，这位老人变得不耐烦了。
having been done与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且先于谓语动作发生。 Having been told many times，the boy still made the same mistake again and again. 已经被告知很多次了，这个男孩还是一次又一次犯相同的错。
作宾语补足语 语法规则 例句
动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时，宾语与宾语补足语之间在逻辑上是主谓关系，结构为vt. ＋sb/sth＋doing ...。可以用于此结构的动词有：feel，catch，find，hear，have/keep/get/leave，see/watch/observe/notice。 I am sorry for keeping you waiting for me for such a long time. 很抱歉让你等我这么长时间。The headmaster was angry to catch some students smoking again. 又一次抓住一些学生吸烟，校长很生气。
1. Serving(serve) hard-to-find Thai dishes in an elegant atmosphere, the restaurant is true to Thai cuisine's roots.
2. It was a neighbour called Mario, coming(come) to bring us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.
3. Steve stood by the piano, eyes closed, listening for the first time to his own work being played(play) by someone else.
4. Many Chinese brands, having developed(develop) their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.
5. James Barry, a woman surgeon, retired in 1859, having practised(practise) her entire medical profession living and working as a man.
6. In the past few years, an increasing(increase) number of people and organisations have begun coming up with plans to counter this trend.
7. I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing(miss) the moment I am attempting to photograph.
8. Producing(produce) food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it, and food waste will cause an environmental problem.
9. It was a change that took place without being noticed(notice) though it was of the extreme importance, a spiritual change which affected the whole state.
10. Facial recognition technology is working well at tourist attractions around China，reducing(reduce) the time people spend standing in lines at entries or security checks. 动词-ed形式
1. 动词-ed形式作定语
语法规则 例子
单个的动词-ed形式作定语，放在被修饰词之前；动词-ed形式短语作定语，放在被修饰词之后。及物动词的-ed形式作定语表示被动和完成；不及物动词的-ed形式作定语只表示完成。 a broken glass 一只打碎的玻璃杯the bridge completed last month上个月竣工的大桥fallen leaves落叶
2. 动词-ed形式作状语
语法规则 例句
动词-ed形式作状语时，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且主语是动词-ed形式的承受者，动词-ed形式与主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。 Seen from the top of the mountain，our city looks beautiful. 从山顶上望去，我们的城市很美。
3. 动词-ed形式作宾语补足语
语法规则 例句
动词-ed形式作宾语补足语时，宾语与宾语补足语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，构成vt. ＋sb/sth＋done结构。 She had to raise her voice to make herself heard. 她不得不提高嗓门使自己被听到。The old man wanted his old watch repaired. 这位老人想要找人修他的旧手表。
4. 动词-ed形式作表语
语法规则 例句
表示情绪的动词-ed形式作表语时，相当于形容词，意为“感到……的”。如：amazed，confused，frightened，surprised等。 I felt really surprised when she told me the exciting news. 当她告诉我这个令人兴奋的消息时，我感到非常惊讶。
1. The world's first express train with a studio powered(power) by 5G tech has been launched.
2. Registered(register) dieticians and nutritionists can work in clinics, in the community, and in management.
3. We have traditional Zhongshan suit, Cheongsam and many other suits created(create) by ethnic minorities.
4. Clearly and thoughtfully written(write), the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.
5. When he found his bicycle's front tyre flat, he had to look for a place along the street to get his bicycle repaired(repair).
6. According to a new survey, 51% of kids aged(age) 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 p．m. or later on school nights, even though they have to get up early.
7. Students must be ready to complete short in-class tests drawn(draw) directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class' lecture/discussion.
8. When combined(combine) with berries or slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”.
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