(共29张PPT)
板块四 冠词和介词的运用
第2讲 介词
题型 高考典题 命题角度
语法
填空 1. (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The Glasshouse stands __ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route which brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. 1. 考查介词的基本用法；
2. 考查固定搭配中的介词。
as
题型 高考典题 命题角度
语法
填空 2. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)There, you'll find them prepared differently—more dumplings and less soup—and the wrappers are pressed ___ hand rather than rolled.
3. (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)And who do they speak English ________？ 1. 考查介词的基本用法；
2. 考查固定搭配中的介词。
by
to/with
题型 高考典题 命题角度
语法
填空 4. (2023·全国甲卷)She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility ___ saving their environment.
5. (2023·全国乙卷改)From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong __ royal palaces, Beijing is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history. 1. 考查介词的基本用法；
2. 考查固定搭配中的介词。
for
to
题型 高考典题 命题角度
语法
填空 6. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Giant pandas also serve __ an umbrella species(物种)，bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China.
7. (2022·全国乙卷)May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially __ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. 1. 考查介词的基本用法；
2. 考查固定搭配中的介词。
as
by
考点一 常考介词的用法
1. 表示时间的介词
介词 用法
at 表示时间的点、时刻等。at 6 o'clock在6点钟；at daybreak在黎明
on 表示具体的日子或一个特定的时间或具体的某一天的上午、下午或晚上(常有前置定语或后置定语修饰)。on Monday afternoon在周一下午；on a rainy morning在一个雨天的上午
介词 用法
in 表示在某段较长的时间内。in the 20th century在 20世纪；in winter在冬季；in September在9月；in the morning在上午
since＋时间点 自从……以来
for＋时间段 长达……
during 在……期间
介词 用法
until/till 直到……
by 到……为止；不迟于……
in/after＋时间段 在……之后。“in＋时间段”常与将来时连用；“after＋时间段”常与过去时连用
before 在……之前
over 在……期间；直到……结束
Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves in half an hour.
简很着急，因为去机场的火车半小时后出发。
In Britain，it's not unusual to have a business meeting over breakfast.
在英国，早餐时间开商务会议并不稀奇。
2. 表示方位的介词
介词 用法
at 后常接相对较小的地方
in 后常接相对较大的地方或在某一个大的范围之内
on 在……上(反义词beneath)
across 从……的表面穿过；在……对面
through 从……的内部穿过
介词 用法
over 在……的上面，表示垂直在上，在正上方；从……的上面跨过(反义词under)
above 指离开物体表面而在其上方，但并不一定是垂直向上；还可指数目、数量、水平、年龄等“超过，多于，大于”(反义词below)
from ...
to ... 从……到……，表示范围
The dog jumped over some bushes and saw the little stream.
小狗跳过几丛灌木看到小溪。
The sunlight came in through the windows in the roof and lit up the whole room.
阳光透过天窗，照亮了整个房间。
3. 表示方式的介词
表示使用的工具、手段、材料时，with，by，in，on都意为“用”。with多指用具体的工具、身体的某部位或器官；by侧重指使用某种方法、手段或乘坐某种交通工具；in指使用某种语言、笔墨等；on 多用于固定词组中。
by train乘火车
in English用英语
on TV通过电视
with a pencil用铅笔
4. 表示“除……之外”的介词(短语)
介词(短语) 用法
besides 意为“除……之外(还有)”，相当于in addition to
except 意为“除……之外(别无)”，可接名词、代词、介词短语
but 意为“除……之外”(＝except)
apart from 既可相当于besides或in addition to，也可相当于except (for)
other than 意为“除……之外(别无)”
Apart from good service，the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes.
除了优质的服务外，这家饭店还提供各种各样的传统福建菜。
5. 表示原因的介词(短语)
for，because of，due to，thanks to，owing to，on account of，as a result of
The open-air celebration has been put off because of the bad weather.
因为天气不好，这次户外庆祝会被推迟了。
Owing to bad weather，the flight was delayed for a couple of hours.
由于天气恶劣，航班延误了好几个小时。
6. 其他常考的介词
介词 用法
against 违反，相反；倚靠；以……为背景，衬托
beyond (范围、限度)超出，为……所不能及
by 程度或增减的幅度；按……计
despite 尽管
for (表示目的)为了；(表示对象或用途)给；因为；从……来看；赞成，支持
She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went off the road.
她在转弯处开得如此快，以至于汽车差点偏离公路。
The exercise was beyond the abilities of most of the class.
这项练习超出了班里大多数学生的能力。
介词 用法
with 和……在一起；和，跟；具有，带有；(表示伴随)随着
within (范围、程度)在……内
without 没有
off (表示位置)在……的外面；(表示方向)偏离；从……离开
1. When the tiny creature arrived __ January 31, she became the 40th black rhino to be born at the reserve.
2. ____ time going by, more and more people perform Shaanxi kuaiban in different particular events.
3. That way, cattlemen will know whether they need to move their cattle to another field ___ nutrition purposes.
4. The new drink had no alcohol but could ease pain, and finally he decided to sell it __ a drink rather than a medicine.
on
With
for
as
5. After we found a crazy-looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks, we decided to photograph the scene __ sunset.
6. The café is located upstairs in Building One and is open daily __________ one hour before Pacific Science Centre closes.
7. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers, whose siheyuan were far smaller __ scale, and the hutongs were narrower.
8. Today's figures show the positive influence the sugar tax is having __ raising millions of pounds for healthier eating in schools.
at
until/till
in
by
考点二 常考介词短语及搭配
1. 与名词的搭配
at a time每次，一次
at a loss 困惑，不知所措
at first sight乍一看
by mistake错误地
in return作为回报
in turn依次；转而
in shape健康状况良好
on purpose故意地
on average平均
in honour of向……表示敬意
in memory of为了纪念……
in addition to 除了
on the contrary与此相反
on behalf of 代表
approach to ……的方法
by means of 借助
lack of 缺乏……
by accident/chance 偶然
beyond one's reach够不着
under construction/consideration在建设/考虑
at the cost of 以……为代价
in terms/view of鉴于，根据
for the benefit of为了……的利益
2. 与动词的搭配
apply for申请
refer to 谈到；涉及；查阅
result from 由于
approve of赞成
complain of 抱怨
consist of 由……组成
depend/rely on 依靠
result in/lead to导致
date from/back to 追溯到
3. 与形容词的搭配
be aware of 意识到
be proud of 以……为荣
be eager for 渴望
be absent from 缺席
be ashamed of对……感到羞耻
be popular with sb受某人欢迎
be strict with sb对某人严格
be addicted to 对……上瘾；沉溺于
be available to 对……可用；可供……使用
be beneficial to 对……有益处
be devoted to 致力于，献身于
be similar to 与……相似
be anxious about/for 忧虑，担心
be curious about 对……好奇
be particular about 挑剔
4. 其他搭配
far from 远非
once in a while 偶尔
up to 达到；由……决定
in spite of 尽管；虽然
ahead of(时间，空间)在……前面；领先
1. Psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier __ the long run.
2. Often, only a small part of a museum's collection is __ display, and most of it is stored away or used for research.
3. Every night, the broadcast airing goes on the web, keeping parents and the world informed ________ the happenings at Pali.
4. A student from Chengdu has been awarded the $320,000 Freeman Asia Scholarship, which he owes __ his astronomy hobby.
in
on
of/about
to
5. As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar ____ the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination.
6. In modern man, the brain accounts ___ about 2%—3% of total body weight, but it consumes 25% of the body's energy when the body is at rest.
with
for
7. (2025·浙江1月卷)These qualities, __ turn, are mapped onto products that have been assigned a gender.
8. Different from traditional tourism, ecotourism allows travellers to become educated about the areas—both ___ terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics.
in
in第2讲 介词
题型 高考典题 命题角度
语法填空 1. (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route which brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.2. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)There, you'll find them prepared differently—more dumplings and less soup—and the wrappers are pressed by hand rather than rolled. 3. (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)And who do they speak English to/with 4. (2023·全国甲卷)She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility for saving their environment. 5. (2023·全国乙卷改)From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong to royal palaces, Beijing is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history. 6. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Giant pandas also serve as an umbrella species(物种)，bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. 7. (2022·全国乙卷)May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially by the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. 1. 考查介词的基本用法；2. 考查固定搭配中的介词。
常考介词的用法
1. 表示时间的介词
介词 用法
at 表示时间的点、时刻等。at 6 o'clock在6点钟；at daybreak在黎明
on 表示具体的日子或一个特定的时间或具体的某一天的上午、下午或晚上(常有前置定语或后置定语修饰)。on Monday afternoon在周一下午；on a rainy morning在一个雨天的上午
in 表示在某段较长的时间内。in the 20th century在 20世纪；in winter在冬季；in September在9月；in the morning在上午
since＋时间点 自从……以来
for＋时间段 长达……
during 在……期间
until/till 直到……
by 到……为止；不迟于……
in/after＋时间段 在……之后。“in＋时间段”常与将来时连用；“after＋时间段”常与过去时连用
before 在……之前
over 在……期间；直到……结束
Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves in half an hour.
简很着急，因为去机场的火车半小时后出发。
In Britain，it's not unusual to have a business meeting over breakfast.
在英国，早餐时间开商务会议并不稀奇。
2. 表示方位的介词
介词 用法
at 后常接相对较小的地方
in 后常接相对较大的地方或在某一个大的范围之内
on 在……上(反义词beneath)
across 从……的表面穿过；在……对面
through 从……的内部穿过
over 在……的上面，表示垂直在上，在正上方；从……的上面跨过(反义词under)
above 指离开物体表面而在其上方，但并不一定是垂直向上；还可指数目、数量、水平、年龄等“超过，多于，大于”(反义词below)
from ... to ... 从……到……，表示范围
The dog jumped over some bushes and saw the little stream.
小狗跳过几丛灌木看到小溪。
The sunlight came in through the windows in the roof and lit up the whole room.
阳光透过天窗，照亮了整个房间。
3. 表示方式的介词
表示使用的工具、手段、材料时，with，by，in，on都意为“用”。with多指用具体的工具、身体的某部位或器官；by侧重指使用某种方法、手段或乘坐某种交通工具；in指使用某种语言、笔墨等；on 多用于固定词组中。
by train乘火车 in English用英语
on TV通过电视 with a pencil用铅笔
4. 表示“除……之外”的介词(短语)
介词(短语) 用法
besides 意为“除……之外(还有)”，相当于in addition to
except 意为“除……之外(别无)”，可接名词、代词、介词短语
but 意为“除……之外”(＝except)
apart from 既可相当于besides或in addition to，也可相当于except (for)
other than 意为“除……之外(别无)”
Apart from good service，the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes.
除了优质的服务外，这家饭店还提供各种各样的传统福建菜。
5. 表示原因的介词(短语)
for，because of，due to，thanks to，owing to，on account of，as a result of
The open-air celebration has been put off because of the bad weather.
因为天气不好，这次户外庆祝会被推迟了。
Owing to bad weather，the flight was delayed for a couple of hours.
由于天气恶劣，航班延误了好几个小时。
6. 其他常考的介词
介词 用法
against 违反，相反；倚靠；以……为背景，衬托
beyond (范围、限度)超出，为……所不能及
by 程度或增减的幅度；按……计
despite 尽管
for (表示目的)为了；(表示对象或用途)给；因为；从……来看；赞成，支持
with 和……在一起；和，跟；具有，带有；(表示伴随)随着
within (范围、程度)在……内
without 没有
off (表示位置)在……的外面；(表示方向)偏离；从……离开
She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went off the road.
她在转弯处开得如此快，以至于汽车差点偏离公路。
The exercise was beyond the abilities of most of the class.
这项练习超出了班里大多数学生的能力。
1. When the tiny creature arrived on January 31, she became the 40th black rhino to be born at the reserve.
2. With time going by, more and more people perform Shaanxi kuaiban in different particular events.
3. That way, cattlemen will know whether they need to move their cattle to another field for nutrition purposes.
4. The new drink had no alcohol but could ease pain, and finally he decided to sell it as a drink rather than a medicine.
5. After we found a crazy-looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks, we decided to photograph the scene at sunset.
6. The café is located upstairs in Building One and is open daily until/till one hour before Pacific Science Centre closes.
7. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers, whose siheyuan were far smaller in scale, and the hutongs were narrower.
8. Today's figures show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for healthier eating in schools.
常考介词短语及搭配
1. 与名词的搭配
at a time每次，一次
at a loss 困惑，不知所措
at first sight乍一看
by mistake错误地
in return作为回报
in turn依次；转而
in shape健康状况良好
on purpose故意地
on average平均
in honour of向……表示敬意
in memory of为了纪念……
in addition to 除了
on the contrary与此相反
on behalf of 代表
approach to ……的方法
by means of 借助
lack of 缺乏……
by accident/chance 偶然
beyond one's reach够不着
under construction/consideration在建设/考虑
at the cost of 以……为代价
in terms/view of鉴于，根据
for the benefit of为了……的利益
2. 与动词的搭配
apply for申请
refer to 谈到；涉及；查阅
result from 由于
approve of赞成
complain of 抱怨
consist of 由……组成
depend/rely on 依靠
result in/lead to导致
date from/back to 追溯到
3. 与形容词的搭配
be aware of 意识到
be proud of 以……为荣
be eager for 渴望
be absent from 缺席
be ashamed of对……感到羞耻
be popular with sb受某人欢迎
be strict with sb对某人严格
be addicted to 对……上瘾；沉溺于
be available to 对……可用；可供……使用
be beneficial to 对……有益处
be devoted to 致力于，献身于
be similar to 与……相似
be anxious about/for 忧虑，担心
be curious about 对……好奇
be particular about 挑剔
4. 其他搭配
far from 远非
once in a while 偶尔
up to 达到；由……决定
in spite of 尽管；虽然
ahead of(时间，空间)在……前面；领先
1. Psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run.
2. Often, only a small part of a museum's collection is on display, and most of it is stored away or used for research.
3. Every night, the broadcast airing goes on the web, keeping parents and the world informed of/about the happenings at Pali.
4. A student from Chengdu has been awarded the $320,000 Freeman Asia Scholarship, which he owes to his astronomy hobby.
5. As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination.
6. In modern man, the brain accounts for about 2%—3% of total body weight, but it consumes 25% of the body's energy when the body is at rest.
7. (2025·浙江1月卷)These qualities, in turn, are mapped onto products that have been assigned a gender.
8. Different from traditional tourism, ecotourism allows travellers to become educated about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics.
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