Section Ⅲ Using language
语法项目——情态动词(1)
语境中体悟
After several weeks of learning in senior high school, Li Qing is able to adjust himself to the new school life. In classes, he has to focus himself on his teachers, or he can't grasp what his teachers have taught. Meanwhile, his teachers often tell him that he had better balance his study and play. He needn't stay up to do his homework. However, I dare say he is going to find himself growing into a well rounded individual.
[语法入门]
①黑体词汇都是情态动词，它们后面都接动词原形。
②情态动词一般无人称和数的变化。can和dare有时态变化，be able to和have to有人称和时态的变化。
③构成否定句时，not放在情态动词后面。
学案中理清
情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度，本身具有一定的词义，不能单独作谓语，必须和动词原形一起构成谓语。情态动词(除be able to和have to之外)一般无人称和数的变化，个别情态动词(can, dare等)有现在时和过去时两种时态变化。
一、be able to的用法
be able to意为“能够”，后接动词原形，表示某人做某事的能力，be动词有时态、人称和数的变化。
1．be able to强调通过努力而获得的能力或一种结果。
2．be able to 可用于各种时态，也可用在may, might, want等词后。
3．be able to表示“能力”时，和can的用法相似。但也有区别：
(1)be able to有多种时态形式， 而can只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态，即can和could。
(2)be able to强调通过努力而获得的能力，而can则强调自身已具有的能力。
He will be able to sing this song in English in a few minutes, too.
几分钟之后，他也能用英语唱这首歌。
She can sing the song in English.
她能用英语唱这首歌。
(3)be able to 强调一种结果，而can只强调一种可能。
Luckily, he was able to escape from the big fire in the end.
幸运的是，他最终从大火中逃了出来。
We can eat in a restaurant, if you like.
如果你愿意，我们可以去餐馆吃饭。
[对点练] (选词填空：can, be able to)
①(2023·全国甲卷) Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages __________ still be employed today to draw attention to important truths.
②(2024·浙江1月高考)After that, she tried to see if she __________ complete her first lap (圈)．
③(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)I can't wait to show you my creation in person and perhaps we __________ enjoy a similar experience together.
④Father spent hours talking to him.At last he ____________ drop the silly idea.
二、have to的用法
have to 意为“不得不，必须”， 后跟动词原形，have to可用于各种时态中，强调客观需要。
1．have to的陈述句形式
(1)肯定式：have/has to＋动词原形
(2)否定式：don't/doesn't/didn't＋have to＋动词原形
2．have to的一般疑问句形式：需把助动词 do，did或does提到句首。
3．have to 的特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词＋do/does/did＋主语＋have to do sth.？
4．have to和must的用法区别：
(1)must强调说话者的主观意愿；have to强调客观上的必要性。
He said that he must work hard.
他说他必须努力工作。
The last bus left, and he had to walk home.
最后一班车走了，他不得不步行回家。
(2)mustn't意为“不许，不可以”，表示禁止；而not have to意为“不必”。
You don't have to do the work right now.
你现在不必做这项工作。
You mustn't smoke here.
你绝不能在这儿吸烟。
[对点练] (完成句子)
①(2024·浙江1月高考)In her first PE class, Eva was shocked when Coach Pitt announced that everyone ______________ one mile around the track outside.
在她的第一节体育课上，当Pitt教练宣布每个人必须在外面的跑道上跑一英里时，Eva感到震惊。
②The law states that people ______________ after drinking alcohol.
法律规定禁止人们酒后驾车。
③We ______________ hurry, for there's plenty of time.
我们不必着急，因为时间很充裕。
④We ______________ home by six.
我们必须在6点以前到家。
⑤I'd also like to know how much I ____________________ for the course.
我还想了解一下学这门课程得付多少钱。
⑥Yesterday morning I ______________ a friend.
昨天早上我必须去拜访一个朋友。
三、had better的用法
had better后接动词原形，意为“最好”，用于现在时或将来时，可用于一切人称，没有任何词形变化。
had better中的had通常缩略为'd；构成否定式时，常将not置于had better之后；而构成疑问式时，则常将had置于主语之前。
[对点练] (翻译句子)
①你最好不要乘飞机去那里。
②你最好睡一会儿。
四、dare和need的用法
1．dare
(1)dare意为“敢于，胆敢”，作情态动词时，主要用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句中，一般不用在肯定句中。
(2)dare也可以用作实义动词，有时态、人称和数的变化。所不同的是，作实义动词时，在肯定句中dare后面通常接带to的不定式；在否定句和疑问句中，dare后可接带to或不带to的不定式。
2．need
(1)need意为“需要”或“必须”，作情态动词时，用于否定句和疑问句中，在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to或should代替。
(2)need也可以用作实义动词，可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句中，其后可接名词、代词、动名词或带 to 的动词不定式作宾语。
[名师点津] I dare say 是习惯说法(用于肯定句)，并不一定要译为“我敢说”，它所表示的是一种不肯定的语气，常译为“很可能”“大概”“我想”等，有时用作反语。例如：
I dare say (that) you are right.
我想你是对的。
Oh, you mean to win I dare say you will.
啊，你想打赢？我且看你赢吧。
[对点练] (用所给词的适当形式填空)
①Dare you __________________________________________________ (tell) her the news
②I daren't ______________________________________________ (go) out alone at night.
③He dares ______________ (say) whatever he wants to say.
④I love the weekends, because I needn't ________________ (get) up early.
⑤I need _____________________________________________________ (get) some sleep.
⑥You needn't ______________ (come) if you are busy.
应用中融通
Ⅰ.根据语境选用dare, must或have to的适当形式补全对话
1．M：How ______________ you speak to your mother in such a rude way You ________________ apologize to her now.
W：Well, I didn't mean to do that.
2．M：May I take this magazine out of the reading room, Madam
W：No, you ______________. You should read it here.
3．M：Should I buy some gifts for the Smiths
W：You ______________ buy gifts, but you can if you want to.
4．M：Why did you refuse to buy a dog for your daughter and son
W：Well, I'm busy with my work every day. If I keep a dog, I ________________ walk it at least three times a week. That's a waste of time for me.
5．M：Tomato plants __________ be watered regularly, or they won't grow well.
W：Thanks a lot. No one told me that before.
Ⅱ.片段完形(can/need/be able to/had better/have to)
Miss Fang ①____________ not read for very long with her eyes hurt. Her mother told her that she ②____________ to go to hospital and see a doctor.“You ③______________ see a doctor as soon as possible，” her mother said. When Miss Fang had free time, she went to hospital.The clerk said that the doctor ④____________ see her at 3：30 pm. Miss Fang replied that she would not ⑤__________ be there at 3：30 pm because she ⑥__________ take an important test then. She asked the clerk if she could arrange the examination at about ten tomorrow morning.
教材听力“再利用”
一、由听力厚积语料库
1．______________ 准备点餐
2．______________ 少量的
3．______________ 使它尝起来更好
4．have a lot of sugar and fat _____________
5．thanks for the advice _____________
6．the same as she ordered _____________
二、教材录音材料的发掘训练
1．Where does the dialogue take place？( )
A．In the restaurant.
B．In the classroom.
C．At home.
2．What does Harriet think of salad with dressing？( )
A．It tastes like fruit.
B．It contains healthy chemicals.
C．It has sugar and fat.
3．What's the problem with fat free yoghurt？( )
A．It has no fat.
B．It contains a lot of sugar.
C．It makes people fat.
4．What's Janet's last order？( )
A．A salad with no dressing.
B．A glass of water.
C．Both A and B.
三、依据教材听力完成句子
1．What kind of dressing __________________ on that
2．Even 100% fruit juice can have __________________________.
3．__________________ they add a lot of sugar to make it taste better.
4．And you know sugar ____________________ if you eat too much.
5．I'll ________________________ and a glass of water.
四、听说交际训练
根据提示，完成下面在餐厅点餐的对话。
Waiter：Would you like ① ________________ (点餐) now, madam
Mary：Yes, please. I'm trying ② ______________(吃得更健康) so I'd like mushrooms.
Waiter：OK. Do you want ③______________ (一些喝的东西) Soft drinks, juice, tea or coffee
Mary：A bottle of juice.
John：You'd better not. As we all know, most bottled fruit juice can be harmful because it contains chemicals that ④______________________ (尝起来像水果).
Mary：Uh. I'd like some water, please.
Waiter：No problem. And, for you, sir
John：I will have ⑤ ______________________ (和她点的一样). Thanks.
听力素养“漫养成”
|掌握规律技法|
借助委婉表达解题
在日常交际中，人们倾向于避开过于直白的用词，常用委婉含蓄的语言来表达自己的观点，特别是在表示反对或提出建议时。如常见的Not a good idea./Did you know that ...？/Sorry, but there's a problem with .../You had better .../What about .../Would you mind .../Could you please ...等。听录音时，多关注这些委婉表达，领会说话者的言外之意，有助于我们把握其真正的观点态度，提高解题准度。
[典例]
Q：What does the woman want to do
A．See a movie.
B．Go to a music show.
C．Try a new restaurant.
[听力原文]
W：What should we do tonight
M：How about we go to a movie Or try a new restaurant
W：We do those things every weekend. I want to do something new. What about going to a music show
[分析] 分析题干可知，本题考查的是对话中女士的打算，根据最后一句中的“What about going to a music show？”可知，她想去看音乐节目。此处的What about ...？不是表达疑问，而是以委婉的语气表明自己的意见。
|多积主题表达|
1．go to cafeteria 去自助餐厅
2．dinner party 晚餐会
3．reserve/make a reservation 预定
4．service charge 服务费
5．take your order 点菜
6．look at the menu 看菜单
7．home-cooked meal 自己家里做的饭
8．treat sb. 请客
9．split the bill 分摊费用
10．go Dutch 各自付账
11．Would you like something to drink before you order
点餐前要来点饮料吗？
12．It's lovely, especially the steak.
非常的棒，尤其是这肉排。
13．Then I can't buy the cake. I don't have enough cash for it.
那我就不能买这个蛋糕了，我的现金不够。
14．Waiter，I've been waiting for half an hour.Where's my food
服务生，我已经等了半个钟头了。我的餐点呢？
15．Any suggestion for the main course
对于主菜有什么建议呢？
1．Now talk about the function of modals.
现在来谈谈情态动词的功能。
★function n．(事物的)功能，作用，(某人的)职责； 函数 vi.正常工作，起作用，运转
|用|法|感|知|
(“情节描写”佳句) Suddenly, an idea struck me. I downloaded a translation app and used the voice function to translate what the lady said into English.
突然，一个念头闪过我的脑海。我下载了一个翻译软件，用语音功能把那位女士说的话翻译成英语。
Without a cup of coffee in the morning, Jenny will not be able to function properly.
如果早上不喝一杯咖啡，珍妮就不能正常工作。
The sofa also functions as a bed.
这张沙发还可以当床用。
(1)the function of ... ……的作用
circular function 三角函数
(2)function as ... 起……作用
|应|用|融|会|
(1)写出下列句中加黑词的词性及汉语意思
①The machine doesn't function properly.______________
②The function of the heart is to pump blood through the body. ______________
③In your new job you will perform a variety of functions. ______________
④A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning.______________
(2)完成句子
⑤On weekdays, one third of the room ______________ workspace.
在工作日， 房间的三分之一用作办公区域。
2．related adj.有关系的，相关的
|用|法|感|知|
(时代主题句)The “new four great inventions” are all related to China's high tech innovation.
“新四大发明”都与中国高科技创新有关。
What she said doesn't relate well with the facts.
她所说的与事实不大相符。
I have a lot to say in relation to that problem.
关于那个问题，我有很多话要说。
(1)(be) related to 有关系的，有关联的
(2)relate vt. 涉及；与……有联系
relate to/with 与……有关/相符；涉及
relate ... to/with ... 把……与……联系起来
(3)relation n. 关系；联系
in/with relation to 关于；与……相比
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①I can't relate what you said ____________ what I saw.
②This relates ________________ something I mentioned earlier.
(2)替换加黑词汇
③Food safety is very important to us because it has something to do with our health.
______________
3．If you dare not try a “painful” diet to stay healthy, this new app is the perfect solution — and you needn't pay for it!
如果你不敢尝试“痛苦的”饮食来保持健康，这个新的应用程序是完美的解决方案，并且你不用付费！
★diet n．日常饮食vi.节食；进行规定饮食
|用|法|感|知|
(“建议”类写作佳句)A balanced diet and regular exercise are both important for your health.
均衡的饮食和有规律的锻炼对你的健康都很重要。
I mustn't have too many potatoes because I'm now on a diet.
我不能吃太多的土豆，因为我正在节食。
be on a diet 节食(表示状态)
go on a diet 节食(表示动作)
a balanced diet 均衡的饮食
|应|用|融|会|
(1)选词填空：be on a diet, go on a diet
①People who _________________________________________ can't eat chocolate.
②I've gained much weight recently. I have to ______________________.
(2)完成句子
③So, I ________________________， then you'll feel better.
所以，我建议你均衡饮食，然后你会感觉更好。
4．So, if you're a sugar addict and aren't able to say no to chocolate or cola, you had better download it now!
所以，如果你是一个爱吃糖的人，且不能拒绝巧克力或可乐，你最好现在就下载它！
★addict n．对……着迷的人v.使沉溺，使上瘾
|用|法|感|知|
Jane is a book addict and never spends a day without reading.
简是个书虫，从来没有一天不看书的。
As far as I'm concerned, it is not wise for us to be addicted to playing with smart phones because we may ignore other important things in life.
在我看来，我们沉迷于智能手机是不明智的，因为我们可能忽视生活中其他重要的事情。
(“求助”类写作佳句)My friend gets addicted to the Internet.Could you give me some advice on what to do with it
我的一个朋友上网成瘾。你能给我一些应对这个问题的建议吗？
归纳点拨 (1)addict oneself to ... 沉溺于…… (2)addicted adj. 入迷的，有瘾的，上瘾的 be/become/get addicted to沉迷于；对……上瘾 (3)addictive adj. 使人上瘾的；使人入迷的 addiction n. 瘾；嗜好；入迷
名师点津 be/become/get addicted to中to为介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词。
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①Her son addicted himself __________ playing games, which had a bad effect on his study.
②__________ (addict) to playing the violin, he didn't find his mom walked into his room.
(2)一句多译
他对各种零食上瘾，这严重损伤了他的健康。
③He ______________ all sorts of snacks，which badly damages his health.(addicted)
④He ______________ all sorts of snacks, which badly damages his health.(addict v．)
⑤_____________ all sorts of snacks, he gets his health badly damaged.(形容词短语作状语)
5．While going on your first trip to the UK is exciting, new and different customs can also be confusing.
尽管第一次去英国旅行是令人兴奋的，但新的不同的习俗也可能会令人困惑。
句中的While going on ... exciting是while引导的让步状语从句，从句中动名词短语作主语。
(1)while引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”，一般放在句首，相当于although/though。
(2)while引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”，一般与延续性动词连用，从句动作与主句动作同时发生。
(3)while还可作并列连词，意为“而；然而”，表示对比。
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构(用while进行改写)
①My mother loves me very much, but she is very strict with me.
→________________________________， she is very strict with me.
②Some people live in plenty. Others haven't enough to eat.
→Some people live in plenty, ________________________________________.
(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用
③____________________________， they made contributions to the environmental protection.
尽管只是些小孩，但他们为环境保护做出了贡献。
④(2024·浙江1月高考写作) Sitting at desks for hours can make us tired ______________________________ can relax us and reduce our pressure.坐在桌子旁数小时会使我们很累，然而在操场上跑步可以让我们放松，减轻我们的压力。
⑤The computer system broke down suddenly ____________________________________.
当他正在搜索信息时，电脑系统突然出故障了。
6．Table manners, however, can differ in different situations.
然而，餐桌礼仪在不同的情况下会有所不同。
★differ v．不同，不一样，有区别
|用|法|感|知|
The two areas which British English and American English differ in are spelling and pronunciation.
英式英语和美式英语的两个不同之处在于拼写和发音。
The climate differs sharply from one area to another.不同地区的气候差别很大。
My opinion is different from yours.
我的意见和你的不同。
(哲理性结尾)A false step will make a great difference to our future.
走错一步对我们的将来会产生很大影响。
(1)differ in ... 在……方面不同
differ from ... 与……不同/有区别
differ with sb. on/over/about sth. 与某人在某事上的意见不同
(2)different adj. 不同的，有区别的
be different in ... 在……方面不同
be different from 不同于，与……有区别
(3)difference n. 差异，差别
make a difference to ... 对……起作用/有影响/有关系
|应|用|融|会|
(1)用differ的适当形式填空
①Jim and Jack are twins, but they have many _______________. They _______________ in behaviour. In addition, they are __________ from each other in character.
(2)完成句子/同义句转换
②We _____________________________________________________________ that point.
我们与你们在那一点上的意见不同。
③Things in the world differ from each other in a thousand ways.
→Things in the world __________________ each other in a thousand ways.
世界上的事物是千差万别的。
7．Highly recommended！强烈推荐！
★recommend v．推荐；介绍；建议
|用|法|感|知|
Can you recommend me some new books on this subject
你能给我推荐一些有关这个话题的新书吗？
I recommend going by railway.
我建议乘火车去。
(“推荐”类写作佳句)I recommend you to buy the book, since it is really worth reading.
我推荐你买这本书，因为它确实值得一读。
(“建议”类写作佳句)To master Mandarin, I strongly recommend that you (should) practice with Chinese people.
为了掌握普通话，我强烈建议你与中国人进行练习。
(1)recommend sb.sth.＝ recommend sth. to sb.向某人推荐某物
recommend sb. as ... 举荐某人当……
(2)recommend (doing) sth. 建议(做)某事
recommend sb.to do sth. 建议某人做某事
recommend that ... (should) do 建议……(应该)做
It is/was recommended that ... (should) do有人建议……(应该)做
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①I'll recommend her ______________________________________ his secretary.
②I recommend you ____________________________________________________ (do) what he says.
③The boy's father strongly recommended ______________ (send) him to school in England.
④I ______________________________ with an interest in chemistry.
我推荐这本书给任何一个对化学感兴趣的人。
Section Ⅲ
语法专题突破
学案中理清
一、①can ②could ③can ④was able to
二、①had to run ②mustn't drive ③don't have to ④must be
⑤have to pay ⑥had to call on
三、①You had better not go there by plane.
②You'd better get some sleep.
四、①tell ②go ③to say ④get ⑤to get ⑥come
应用中融通
Ⅰ.1.dare; must 2.mustn't 3.don't have to 4.have to 5.must
Ⅱ.①could ②needed ③had better ④could ⑤be able to ⑥had to
听力发掘训练
一、1.ready to order 2.a small amount of
3．make it taste better 4.含大量糖和脂肪 5.谢谢你的建议
6．和她点的一样
二、1～4 ACBC
三、1.would you like 2.as much sugar as soft drinks
3．That's why 4.can be harmful
5．have a salad with no dressing
四、①to order ②to eat more healthily ③something to drink ④taste like fruit ⑤the same as she ordered
新知深化学习
1．①vi.运转 ②n.功能 ③n.职责 ④vi.正常工作
⑤functions as
2．①to/with ②to/with ③is in relation to/is related to
3．①are on a diet ②go on a diet
③advise you to have a balanced diet
4．①to ②Addicted ③becomes/is/gets addicted to
④addicts himself to ⑤Addicted to
5．①While my mother loves me very much
②while others haven't enough to eat
③While they were just children
④while running on the playground
⑤while he was searching for information
6．①differences; differ; different
②differ with you on/over/about ③are different from
7．①as ②to do ③sending ④recommend this book to anyone(共129张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Using language
目 录
语法专题突破
听力发掘训练
新知深化学习
课时跟踪检测
语法专题突破
语法项目——情态动词(1)
语境中体悟
After several weeks of learning in senior high school, Li Qing is able to adjust himself to the new school life. In classes, he has to focus himself on his teachers, or he can't grasp what his teachers have taught. Meanwhile, his teachers often tell him that he had better balance his study and play. He needn't stay up to do his homework. However, I dare say he is going to find himself growing into a well-rounded individual.
[语法入门]
①蓝体词汇都是情态动词，它们后面都接动词原形。
②情态动词一般无人称和数的变化。can和dare有时态变化，be able to和have to有人称和时态的变化。
③构成否定句时，not放在情态动词后面。
学案中理清
情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度，本身具有一定的词义，不能单独作谓语，必须和动词原形一起构成谓语。情态动词(除be able to和have to之外)一般无人称和数的变化，个别情态动词(can, dare等)有现在时和过去时两种时态变化。
一、be able to的用法
be able to意为“能够”，后接动词原形，表示某人做某事的能力，be动词有时态、人称和数的变化。
1．be able to强调通过努力而获得的能力或一种结果。
2．be able to 可用于各种时态，也可用在may, might, want等词后。
3．be able to表示“能力”时，和can的用法相似。但也有区别：
(1)be able to有多种时态形式， 而can只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态，即can和could。
(2)be able to强调通过努力而获得的能力，而can则强调自身已具有的能力。
He will be able to sing this song in English in a few minutes, too.
几分钟之后，他也能用英语唱这首歌。
She can sing the song in English.
她能用英语唱这首歌。
(3)be able to 强调一种结果，而can只强调一种可能。
Luckily, he was able to escape from the big fire in the end.
幸运的是，他最终从大火中逃了出来。
We can eat in a restaurant, if you like.
如果你愿意，我们可以去餐馆吃饭。
[对点练] (选词填空：can, be able to)
①(2023·全国甲卷) Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages still be employed today to draw attention to important truths.
②(2024·浙江1月高考)After that, she tried to see if she ______complete her first lap (圈)．
can
could
③(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)I can't wait to show you my creation in person and perhaps we enjoy a similar experience together.
④Father spent hours talking to him.At last he drop the silly idea.
can
was able to
二、have to的用法
have to 意为“不得不，必须”， 后跟动词原形，have to可用于各种时态中，强调客观需要。
1．have to的陈述句形式
(1)肯定式：have/has to＋动词原形
(2)否定式：don't/doesn't/didn't＋have to＋动词原形
2．have to的一般疑问句形式：需把助动词 do，did或does提到句首。
3．have to 的特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词＋do/does/did＋主语＋have to do sth.？
4．have to和must的用法区别：
(1)must强调说话者的主观意愿；have to强调客观上的必要性。
He said that he must work hard.
他说他必须努力工作。
The last bus left, and he had to walk home.
最后一班车走了，他不得不步行回家。
(2)mustn't意为“不许，不可以”，表示禁止；而not have to意为“不必”。
You don't have to do the work right now.
你现在不必做这项工作。
You mustn't smoke here.
你绝不能在这儿吸烟。
[对点练] (完成句子)
①(2024·浙江1月高考)In her first PE class, Eva was shocked when Coach Pitt announced that everyone one mile around the track outside.
在她的第一节体育课上，当Pitt教练宣布每个人必须在外面的跑道上跑一英里时，Eva感到震惊。
had to run
②The law states that people after drinking alcohol.
法律规定禁止人们酒后驾车。
③We hurry, for there's plenty of time.
我们不必着急，因为时间很充裕。
④We home by six.
我们必须在6点以前到家。
mustn't drive
don't have to
must be
⑤I'd also like to know how much I for the course.
我还想了解一下学这门课程得付多少钱。
⑥Yesterday morning I a friend.
昨天早上我必须去拜访一个朋友。
have to pay
had to call on
三、had better的用法
had better后接动词原形，意为“最好”，用于现在时或将来时，可用于一切人称，没有任何词形变化。
had better中的had通常缩略为'd；构成否定式时，常将not置于had better之后；而构成疑问式时，则常将had置于主语之前。
[对点练] (翻译句子)
①你最好不要乘飞机去那里。
You had better not go there by plane.
②你最好睡一会儿。
You'd better get some sleep.
四、dare和need的用法
1．dare
(1)dare意为“敢于，胆敢”，作情态动词时，主要用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句中，一般不用在肯定句中。
(2)dare也可以用作实义动词，有时态、人称和数的变化。所不同的是，作实义动词时，在肯定句中dare后面通常接带to的不定式；在否定句和疑问句中，dare后可接带to或不带to的不定式。
2．need
(1)need意为“需要”或“必须”，作情态动词时，用于否定句和疑问句中，在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to或should代替。
(2)need也可以用作实义动词，可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句中，其后可接名词、代词、动名词或带 to 的动词不定式作宾语。
[名师点津] I dare say 是习惯说法(用于肯定句)，并不一定要译为“我敢说”，它所表示的是一种不肯定的语气，常译为“很可能”“大概”“我想”等，有时用作反语。例如：
I dare say (that) you are right.
我想你是对的。
Oh, you mean to win I dare say you will.
啊，你想打赢？我且看你赢吧。
[对点练] (用所给词的适当形式填空)
①Dare you (tell) her the news
②I daren't (go) out alone at night.
③He dares (say) whatever he wants to say.
④I love the weekends, because I needn't (get) up early.
⑤I need (get) some sleep.
⑥You needn't (come) if you are busy.
tell
go
to say
get
to get
come
Ⅰ.根据语境选用dare, must或have to的适当形式补全对话
1．M：How you speak to your mother in such a rude way You apologize to her now.
W：Well, I didn't mean to do that.
应用中融通
dare
must
2．M：May I take this magazine out of the reading room, Madam
W：No, you . You should read it here.
3．M：Should I buy some gifts for the Smiths
W：You buy gifts, but you can if you want to.
mustn't
don't have to
4．M：Why did you refuse to buy a dog for your daughter and son
W：Well, I'm busy with my work every day. If I keep a dog, I _______
walk it at least three times a week. That's a waste of time for me.
5．M：Tomato plants be watered regularly, or they won't grow well.
W：Thanks a lot. No one told me that before.
have to
must
Ⅱ.片段完形(can/need/be able to/had better/have to)
Miss Fang ① not read for very long with her eyes hurt. Her mother told her that she ② to go to hospital and see a doctor.“You ③ see a doctor as soon as possible，” her mother said. When Miss Fang had free time, she went to hospital.The clerk said that the doctor ④ see her at 3：30 pm. Miss Fang replied that she would not ⑤ be there at 3：30 pm because she ⑥ take an important test then. She asked the clerk if she could arrange the examination at about ten tomorrow morning.
could
needed
had better
could
be able to
had to
听力发掘训练
一、由听力厚积语料库
1． 准备点餐
2． 少量的
3． 使它尝起来更好
教材听力“再利用”
ready to order
a small amount of
make it taste better
4．have a lot of sugar and fat ________________
5．thanks for the advice ______________
6．the same as she ordered ______________
含大量糖和脂肪
谢谢你的建议
和她点的一样
二、教材录音材料的发掘训练
1．Where does the dialogue take place
A．In the restaurant.
B．In the classroom.
C．At home.
√
2．What does Harriet think of salad with dressing
A．It tastes like fruit.
B．It contains healthy chemicals.
C．It has sugar and fat.
√
3．What's the problem with fat-free yoghurt
A．It has no fat.
B．It contains a lot of sugar.
C．It makes people fat.
√
4．What's Janet's last order
A．A salad with no dressing.
B．A glass of water.
C．Both A and B.
√
三、依据教材听力完成句子
1．What kind of dressing on that
2．Even 100% fruit juice can have .
3． they add a lot of sugar to make it taste better.
4．And you know sugar if you eat too much.
5．I'll and a glass of water.
would you like
as much sugar as soft drinks
That's why
can be harmful
have a salad with no dressing
四、听说交际训练
根据提示，完成下面在餐厅点餐的对话。
Waiter：Would you like ① (点餐) now, madam
Mary：Yes, please. I'm trying ② (吃得更健康) so I'd like mushrooms.
Waiter：OK. Do you want ③ (一些喝的东西) Soft drinks, juice, tea or coffee
to order
to eat more healthily
something to drink
Mary：A bottle of juice.
John：You'd better not. As we all know, most bottled fruit juice can be harmful because it contains chemicals that ④ (尝起来像水果).
Mary：Uh. I'd like some water, please.
Waiter：No problem. And, for you, sir
John：I will have ⑤ (和她点的一样). Thanks.
taste like fruit
the same as she ordered
|掌握规律技法|
借助委婉表达解题
在日常交际中，人们倾向于避开过于直白的用词，常用委婉含蓄的语言来表达自己的观点，特别是在表示反对或提出建议时。如常见的Not a good idea./Did you know that ...？/Sorry, but there's a problem with .../You had better .../What about .../Would you
听力素养“漫养成”
mind .../Could you please ...等。听录音时，多关注这些委婉表达，领会说话者的言外之意，有助于我们把握其真正的观点态度，提高解题准度。
[典例]
Q：What does the woman want to do
A．See a movie.
B．Go to a music show.
C．Try a new restaurant.
[听力原文]
W：What should we do tonight
M：How about we go to a movie Or try a new restaurant
W：We do those things every weekend. I want to do something new. What about going to a music show
[分析] 分析题干可知，本题考查的是对话中女士的打算，根据最后一句中的“What about going to a music show？”可知，她想去看音乐节目。此处的What about ...？不是表达疑问，而是以委婉的语气表明自己的意见。
|多积主题表达|
1．go to cafeteria 去自助餐厅
2．dinner party 晚餐会
3．reserve/make a reservation 预定
4．service charge 服务费
5．take your order 点菜
6．look at the menu 看菜单
7．home-cooked meal 自己家里做的饭
8．treat sb. 请客
9．split the bill 分摊费用
10．go Dutch 各自付账
11．Would you like something to drink before you order
点餐前要来点饮料吗？
12．It's lovely, especially the steak.
非常的棒，尤其是这肉排。
13．Then I can't buy the cake. I don't have enough cash for it.
那我就不能买这个蛋糕了，我的现金不够。
14．Waiter，I've been waiting for half an hour.Where's my food
服务生，我已经等了半个钟头了。我的餐点呢？
15．Any suggestion for the main course
对于主菜有什么建议呢？
新知深化学习
1．Now talk about the function of modals.
现在来谈谈情态动词的功能。
★function n．(事物的)功能，作用，(某人的)职责； 函数 vi.正常工作，起作用，运转
|用|法|感|知|
(“情节描写”佳句) Suddenly, an idea struck me. I downloaded a translation app and used the voice function to translate what the lady said into English.
突然，一个念头闪过我的脑海。我下载了一个翻译软件，用语音功能把那位女士说的话翻译成英语。
Without a cup of coffee in the morning, Jenny will not be able to function properly.
如果早上不喝一杯咖啡，珍妮就不能正常工作。
The sofa also functions as a bed.
这张沙发还可以当床用。
(1)the function of ... ……的作用
circular function 三角函数
(2)function as ... 起……作用
[归纳点拨]
|应|用|融|会|
(1)写出下列句中加蓝词的词性及汉语意思
①The machine doesn't function properly._______
②The function of the heart is to pump blood through the body. _______
③In your new job you will perform a variety of functions. _______
④A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning.____________
vi.运转
n.功能
n.职责
vi.正常工作
(2)完成句子
⑤On weekdays, one third of the room workspace.
在工作日， 房间的三分之一用作办公区域。
functions as
2．related adj.有关系的，相关的
|用|法|感|知|
(时代主题句)The “new four great inventions” are all related to China's high-tech innovation.
“新四大发明”都与中国高科技创新有关。
What she said doesn't relate well with the facts.
她所说的与事实不大相符。
I have a lot to say in relation to that problem.
关于那个问题，我有很多话要说。
(1)(be) related to 有关系的，有关联的
(2)relate vt. 涉及；与……有联系
relate to/with 与……有关/相符；涉及
relate ... to/with ... 把……与……联系起来
(3)relation n. 关系；联系
in/with relation to 关于；与……相比
[归纳点拨]
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①I can't relate what you said what I saw.
②This relates something I mentioned earlier.
to/with
to/with
(2)替换加蓝词汇
③Food safety is very important to us because it has something to do with our health.
is in relation to/is related to
3．If you dare not try a “painful” diet to stay healthy, this new app is the perfect solution — and you needn't pay for it!
如果你不敢尝试“痛苦的”饮食来保持健康，这个新的应用程序是完美的解决方案，并且你不用付费！
★diet n．日常饮食vi.节食；进行规定饮食
|用|法|感|知|
(“建议”类写作佳句)A balanced diet and regular exercise are both important for your health.
均衡的饮食和有规律的锻炼对你的健康都很重要。
I mustn't have too many potatoes because I'm now on a diet.
我不能吃太多的土豆，因为我正在节食。
be on a diet 节食(表示状态)
go on a diet 节食(表示动作)
a balanced diet 均衡的饮食
[归纳点拨]
|应|用|融|会|
(1)选词填空：be on a diet, go on a diet
①People who can't eat chocolate.
②I've gained much weight recently. I have to .
(2)完成句子
③So, I , then you'll feel better.
所以，我建议你均衡饮食，然后你会感觉更好。
are on a diet
go on a diet
advise you to have a balanced diet
4．So, if you're a sugar addict and aren't able to say no to chocolate or cola, you had better download it now!
所以，如果你是一个爱吃糖的人，且不能拒绝巧克力或可乐，你最好现在就下载它！
★addict n．对……着迷的人v.使沉溺，使上瘾
|用|法|感|知|
Jane is a book addict and never spends a day without reading.
简是个书虫，从来没有一天不看书的。
As far as I'm concerned, it is not wise for us to be addicted to playing with smart phones because we may ignore other important things in life.
在我看来，我们沉迷于智能手机是不明智的，因为我们可能忽视生活中其他重要的事情。
(“求助”类写作佳句)My friend gets addicted to the Internet.Could you give me some advice on what to do with it
我的一个朋友上网成瘾。你能给我一些应对这个问题的建议吗？
归纳点拨 (1)addict oneself to ... 沉溺于……
(2)addicted adj. 入迷的，有瘾的，上瘾的
be/become/get addicted to沉迷于；对……上瘾
(3)addictive adj. 使人上瘾的；使人入迷的
addiction n. 瘾；嗜好；入迷
名师点津 be/become/get addicted to中to为介词，后跟名词、
代词或动名词。
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①Her son addicted himself playing games, which had a bad effect on his study.
② (addict) to playing the violin, he didn't find his mom walked into his room.
to
Addicted
(2)一句多译
他对各种零食上瘾，这严重损伤了他的健康。
③He all sorts of snacks, which badly damages his health.(addicted)
④He all sorts of snacks, which badly damages his health.(addict v．)
⑤ all sorts of snacks, he gets his health badly damaged.(形容词短语作状语)
becomes/is/gets addicted to
addicts himself to
Addicted to
5．While going on your first trip to the UK is exciting, new and different customs can also be confusing.
尽管第一次去英国旅行是令人兴奋的，但新的不同的习俗也可能会令人困惑。
句中的While going on ... exciting是while引导的让步状语从句，从句中动名词短语作主语。
(1)while引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”，一般放在句首，相当于although/though。
(2)while引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”，一般与延续性动词连用，从句动作与主句动作同时发生。
(3)while还可作并列连词，意为“而；然而”，表示对比。
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构(用while进行改写)
①My mother loves me very much, but she is very strict with me.
→ , she is very strict with me.
②Some people live in plenty. Others haven't enough to eat.
→Some people live in plenty, .
While my mother loves me very much
while others haven't enough to eat
(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用
③ , they made contributions to the environmental protection.
尽管只是些小孩，但他们为环境保护做出了贡献。
While they were just children
④(2024·浙江1月高考写作) Sitting at desks for hours can make us tired can relax us and reduce our pressure.
坐在桌子旁数小时会使我们很累，然而在操场上跑步可以让我们放松，减轻我们的压力。
while running on the playground
⑤The computer system broke down suddenly_________________
.
当他正在搜索信息时，电脑系统突然出故障了。
while he was
searching for information
6．Table manners, however, can differ in different situations.
然而，餐桌礼仪在不同的情况下会有所不同。
★differ v．不同，不一样，有区别
|用|法|感|知|
The two areas which British English and American English differ in are spelling and pronunciation.
英式英语和美式英语的两个不同之处在于拼写和发音。
The climate differs sharply from one area to another.
不同地区的气候差别很大。
My opinion is different from yours.
我的意见和你的不同。
(哲理性结尾)A false step will make a great difference to our future.
走错一步对我们的将来会产生很大影响。
(1)differ in ... 在……方面不同
differ from ... 与……不同/有区别
differ with sb. on/over/about sth. 与某人在某事上的意见不同
[归纳点拨]
(2)different adj. 不同的，有区别的
be different in ... 在……方面不同
be different from 不同于，与……有区别
(3)difference n. 差异，差别
make a difference to ... 对……起作用/有影响/有关系
|应|用|融|会|
(1)用differ的适当形式填空
①Jim and Jack are twins, but they have many . They _______in behaviour. In addition, they are from each other in character.
differences
differ
different
(2)完成句子/同义句转换
②We that point.
我们与你们在那一点上的意见不同。
③Things in the world differ from each other in a thousand ways.
→Things in the world each other in a thousand ways.
世界上的事物是千差万别的。
differ with you on/over/about
are different from
7．Highly recommended!
强烈推荐！
★recommend v．推荐；介绍；建议
|用|法|感|知|
Can you recommend me some new books on this subject
你能给我推荐一些有关这个话题的新书吗？
I recommend going by railway. 我建议乘火车去。
(“推荐”类写作佳句)I recommend you to buy the book, since it is really worth reading.
我推荐你买这本书，因为它确实值得一读。
(“建议”类写作佳句)To master Mandarin, I strongly recommend that you (should) practice with Chinese people.
为了掌握普通话，我强烈建议你与中国人进行练习。
(1)recommend sb.sth.＝ recommend sth. to sb.向某人推荐某物
recommend sb. as ... 举荐某人当……
(2)recommend (doing) sth. 建议(做)某事
recommend sb.to do sth. 建议某人做某事
recommend that ... (should) do 建议……(应该)做
It is/was recommended that ... (should) do 有人建议……(应该)做
[归纳点拨]
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①I'll recommend her his secretary.
②I recommend you (do) what he says.
③The boy's father strongly recommended (send) him to school in England.
as
to do
sending
④I with an interest in chemistry.
我推荐这本书给任何一个对化学感兴趣的人。
recommend this book to anyone
课时跟踪检测
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Research studies show that children who eat breakfast perform better at school. Maybe it works that way for adults too since our brains need fuel to work well.
Skipping breakfast is a common way for people who are trying to lose weight, but unfortunately, it's usually not a successful way. Your body (or more likely, your brain) expects to be refueled a few times
each day. When you don't eat breakfast, you may feel so hungry by lunchtime that you eat more foods than you normally would, which cancels (抵消) out the calories you cut by skipping breakfast. You may also be tempted to choose foods that are not the healthiest choices when you feel like you are starving.
For many people, eating breakfast may be an important part of a weight loss diet. Research studies tell us that people who eat breakfast are more likely to keep up a healthy weight. Some experts believe that breakfast keeps your metabolism (新陈代谢) running higher. In fact, it takes three or four days of eating nothing before the body starts changing down your metabolism. It's more likely that people who often eat breakfast also make good dietary choices the rest of the day.
Breakfast should include a healthy source of protein (蛋白质) and plenty of fiber; the combination will help satisfy your hunger and will keep you feeling full until lunchtime. The protein can come from low-fat meat, low-fat dairy products, or nuts. Eggs are also a good source of protein. High-fiber foods include fruits, vegetables and whole grains.
If you really don't like to eat breakfast in the morning, you can split it up into two smaller meals. Eat a hard-boiled egg, or a small cup of yogurt at home before you leave for work, and then about an hour or two later, take a break from work and snack on an apple and a handful of healthy nuts like pecans or walnuts.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。早餐对人们的工作和学习非常重要，在减肥食谱中也不可或缺，不吃早餐会对身体产生不好的影响。文章同时也对如何摄入健康营养的早餐进行了介绍。
1．What's the main idea of Paragraph 2
A．Eating breakfast keeps us healthier than skipping it.
B．Skipping breakfast isn't very useful for losing weight.
C．Our brain needs a lot of fuel to work properly.
D．What healthy food we should eat for breakfast.
√
解析：段落大意题。根据第二段第一句“Skipping breakfast is a common way for people who are trying to lose weight, but unfortunately, it's usually not a successful way.”可知，第二段主要是讲不吃早餐对减肥没什么帮助。故选B。
2．What does the underlined word “tempted” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Promised. B．Decided.
C．Attracted. D．Warned.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句中的“when you feel like you are starving”可知，此处是指被诱惑选择不健康的食物，所以tempted意为“吸引，引诱”。故选C。
√
3．Which of the following is not a good source of protein
A．Low-fat meat. B．Low-fat dairy products.
C．Vegetables. D．Eggs.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二句和第三句“The protein can come from low-fat meat, low-fat dairy products, or nuts. Eggs are also a good source of protein.”可知，选项中除了蔬菜以外都是很好的蛋白质来源。故选C。
√
4．Where is the passage most probably taken from
A．A news report. B．A personal diary.
C．A biology book. D．A healthy life website.
解析：文章出处题。根据第一段和最后一段可知，文章主要是讲健康饮食的，所以最有可能来自一个健康生活网站。故选D。
√
Ⅱ.完形填空
The arrival of spring always means a trip to the bamboo forest for Kaitlyn Hennacy and her family, followed by an afternoon making bamboo shoot buns (包子). This 5 started when Hennacy's mother and grandmother discovered 6 bamboo growing near the University of Maryland, where her mom was studying in the early 1990s. Hennacy said her grandmother moved to the U．S. from Zhejiang, China, where she 7 cooking with bamboo shoots often.
The trip to 8 bamboo shoots usually happens in late April. Each person in the group has their own bag to 9 as they get each bamboo shoot out of the ground. However, no one picks more bamboo shoots than Grandma. The whole 10 of picking the bamboo shoots and making the buns reminds Hennacy of how 11 her grandma is — and it 12 her own work ethic. “She turned 80 this year and still hikes up a hill，” Hennacy said.
To make buns, the bamboo shoots have to be cut into small pieces and 13 with other fillings. Hennacy learned how to make the buns by 14 her grandma, but she had to work to measure everything and write it down because her grandmother cooks from 15 .
Hennacy said she and her family are 16 to have Grandma living with them. She 17 everyone's favorite foods and routinely 18 healthy meals. “That's how 19 a person she is.”
Hennacy said. “She shows her love through cooking.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是姥姥为全家人制作家乡的传统美食——竹笋包子，用烹饪的方式向家人传递她的爱。
5．A.season B．journey
C．tradition D．gathering
解析：根据上文“The arrival of spring always means a trip to the bamboo forest for Kaitlyn Hennacy and her family, followed by an afternoon making bamboo shoot buns”可知，春天来到后，他们去竹林游玩，做竹笋包子，这是他们一家的传统。season“季节”；journey“旅程”；tradition“传统”；gathering“聚会”。故选C。
√
6．A.wild B．dried
C．cheap D．hard
解析：根据下文“growing near the University of Maryland”可知，Hennacy的母亲和姥姥在马里兰大学附近发现了野生竹子。 wild“野生的”。故选A。
√
7．A.dropped out B．came back
C．moved on D．grew up
解析：根据上文“Hennacy said her grandmother moved to the U．S. from Zhejiang”和下文“cooking with bamboo shoots often”可知，她的姥姥在中国浙江，经常用竹笋做饭，也就是在长大的过程中经常用竹笋做饭。drop out“退出”；come back“回来”；move on“继续前进”；grow up“长大”。故选D。
√
8．A.eat B．buy
C．choose D．collect
解析：根据下文“they get each bamboo shoot out of the ground”可知，在四月底时他们会去采竹笋。故选D。
√
9．A.hold B．fill
C．carry D．clean
解析：根据上文“their own bag”和下文“they get each bamboo shoot out of the ground”可知，他们把竹笋挖出来，然后装在包里，也就是填满他们的包。故选B。
√
10．A.life B．group
C．process D．advantage
解析：根据下文“picking the bamboo shoots and making the buns”可知，摘竹笋和做包子是一个完整的过程。故选C。
√
11．A.nature-loving B．hard-working
C．quick-thinking D．food-enjoying
解析：根据上文“picking the bamboo shoots and making the buns”可知，摘竹笋，做包子，这是勤劳的人才会做出来的。nature-loving“热爱自然的”；hard-working“勤劳的”；quick-thinking“脑子反应快的”；food-enjoying“享受食物的”。故选B。
√
√
12．A.honors B．shows
C．inspires D．reminds
解析：根据下文“her own work ethic”可知，摘竹笋和做包子的整个过程激发了Hennacy自己的职业道德。honor“尊敬”；show“展示”； inspire“激发”；remind“提醒”。故选C。
13．A.mixed B．covered
C．paired D．compared
解析：根据上文“the bamboo shoots have to be cut into small pieces”和下文“with other fillings”可知，切碎的竹笋要和其他馅料混合。mix“混合”；cover“覆盖”；pair“配对”；compare“比较”。故选A。
√
14．A.calling B．visiting
C．serving D．watching
解析：根据上文“Hennacy learned how to make the buns”和下文“her grandma”可知，Hennacy是通过观看姥姥的样子学做包子的。故选D。
√
15．A.interest B．memory
C．practice D．imagination
解析：根据上文“her grandmother cooks from”和第一段“where she cooking with bamboo shoots often”可知，她的姥姥以前经常用竹笋做饭，所以是凭记忆做饭。interest“兴趣”；memory“记忆”；practice“练习”；imagination“想象力”。故选B。
√
16．A.ready B．lucky
C．hopeful D．eager
解析：根据下文“have Grandma living with them”可知，有姥姥和他们住在一起，Hennacy觉得她和她的家人很幸运。ready“准备好的”；lucky“幸运的”；hopeful“有希望的”；eager“急切的”。故选B。
√
17．A.knows B．accepts
C．gathers D．respects
解析：根据下文“She shows her love through cooking”可知，Hennacy的姥姥知道每个人最喜欢的食物。know“知道”；accept“接受”；gather“聚集”；respect“尊敬”。故选A。
√
18．A.wants B．recommends
C．orders D．fixes
解析：根据下文“She shows her love through cooking”可知，Hennacy的姥姥爱家人，会定期为家人安排健康的膳食。want“想要”；recommend“推荐”；order“命令，点餐”；fix“安排”。故选D。
√
19．A.caring B．daring
C．patient D．ordinary
解析：根据上文“She everyone's favorite foods and routinely
healthy meals”可知，Hennacy的姥姥知道家里每个人最喜欢的食物，所以是很关心家人的。caring“关心他人的”；daring“大胆的”；patient“耐心的”；ordinary“普通的”。故选A。
√
Ⅲ.语法填空
People worldwide have enjoyed noodles for thousands of years. But did you ever stop 1 (think): who made the very first noodle People first started 2 (grow) wheat and making flour in the Middle East around 10,000 years ago. However, until 2002, no evidence (证据) of ancient noodles had been uncovered. Archaeologists discovered an upside-down clay bowl in the ruins of an ancient Chinese village.
When they lifted it, they found a 4,000-year-old noodle. This “mummy” noodle 3 (make) from grain. Traders brought wheat 4 China about the time this ancient noodle was cooked. The Chinese 5 (final) mastered the art of making long noodles.
Some people think that Marco Polo brought pasta (意粉) to Italy. Marco Polo's writings suggest that noodles were already present in Italy during his time, as he compared Chinese noodles to those in Italy. The Middle East also played a 6 (significance) role in noodle history. The oldest 7 (write) mention of pasta outside China dates back about 1,600 8 (year) in the Middle East. Dried noodles were a popular travel food in the region and beyond, making them a likely prospect for spreading the noodle recipe to other parts of 9 world.
So who REALLY invented noodles We may never know — the history of noodles is as complicated as a bowl of pasta. But no matter 10 invented them, we're sure glad they did!
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了面条的相关历史。
1．to think 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作宾语，此处表示“停下来去做某事”，应用动词不定式形式作宾语。故填to think。
2．growing 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作宾语。并列连词and前后动词形式应该一致，and后为动名词形式，所以and前也应为动名词形式。故填growing。
3．was made 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词。根据上文可知，此处描述的事情发生在过去，且make与句子主语This “mummy” noodle之间为被动关系，因此，此处使用一般过去时的被动语态，又因句子主语为名词单数形式。故填was made。
4．to 考查介词。分析句子结构可知，此处应为固定短语bring ... to ...“把……带到……”。故填to。
5．finally 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，此处应为副词作状语修饰谓语动词mastered，final的副词形式为finally意为“最终”。故填finally。
6．significant 考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作定语修饰名词role，significance的形容词为significant意为“有重大意义的”。故填significant。
7．written 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作定语修饰后面的名词mention(提到， 陈述)，write表示“写”，和mention之间是被动关系，且此处表示“最古老的书面的陈述”，所以用过去分词。故填written。
8．years 考查复数。year是可数名词，根据1, 600可知，此处应该用year的复数形式。故填years。
9．the 考查冠词。句意：干面在该地区和其他地区是一种受欢迎的旅行食品，这使得他们有可能将面条配方传播到世界其他地方。分析句子结构可知，world为可数名词，其前无限定词，所以此处应该用冠词，结合句意可知，此处表示特指，所以使用定冠词the。故填the。
10．who 考查连词。no matter who表示“不论是谁”，所以此处使用who。故填who。UNIT 1 课时检测(三) Using language
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Research studies show that children who eat breakfast perform better at school. Maybe it works that way for adults too since our brains need fuel to work well.
Skipping breakfast is a common way for people who are trying to lose weight, but unfortunately, it's usually not a successful way. Your body (or more likely, your brain) expects to be refueled a few times each day. When you don't eat breakfast, you may feel so hungry by lunchtime that you eat more foods than you normally would, which cancels (抵消) out the calories you cut by skipping breakfast. You may also be _tempted to choose foods that are not the healthiest choices when you feel like you are starving.
For many people, eating breakfast may be an important part of a weight loss diet. Research studies tell us that people who eat breakfast are more likely to keep up a healthy weight. Some experts believe that breakfast keeps your metabolism (新陈代谢) running higher. In fact, it takes three or four days of eating nothing before the body starts changing down your metabolism. It's more likely that people who often eat breakfast also make good dietary choices the rest of the day.
Breakfast should include a healthy source of protein (蛋白质) and plenty of fiber; the combination will help satisfy your hunger and will keep you feeling full until lunchtime. The protein can come from low fat meat, low fat dairy products, or nuts. Eggs are also a good source of protein. High fiber foods include fruits, vegetables and whole grains.
If you really don't like to eat breakfast in the morning, you can split it up into two smaller meals. Eat a hard boiled egg, or a small cup of yogurt at home before you leave for work, and then about an hour or two later, take a break from work and snack on an apple and a handful of healthy nuts like pecans or walnuts.
1．What's the main idea of paragraph 2
A．Eating breakfast keeps us healthier than skipping it.
B．Skipping breakfast isn't very useful for losing weight.
C．Our brain needs a lot of fuel to work properly.
D．What healthy food we should eat for breakfast.
2．What does the underlined word “tempted” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Promised. B．Decided.
C．Attracted. D．Warned.
3．Which of the following is not a good source of protein
A．Low fat meat. B．Low fat dairy products.
C．Vegetables. D．Eggs.
4．Where is the passage most probably taken from
A．A news report. B．A personal diary.
C．A biology book. D．A healthy life website.
Ⅱ.完形填空
The arrival of spring always means a trip to the bamboo forest for Kaitlyn Hennacy and her family, followed by an afternoon making bamboo shoot buns (包子). This__5__ started when Hennacy's mother and grandmother discovered __6__ bamboo growing near the University of Maryland, where her mom was studying in the early 1990s. Hennacy said her grandmother moved to the U．S. from Zhejiang, China, where she __7__ cooking with bamboo shoots often.
The trip to __8__ bamboo shoots usually happens in late April. Each person in the group has their own bag to __9__ as they get each bamboo shoot out of the ground. However, no one picks more bamboo shoots than Grandma. The whole __10__ of picking the bamboo shoots and making the buns reminds Hennacy of how __11__ her grandma is — and it __12__ her own work ethic. “She turned 80 this year and still hikes up a hill，” Hennacy said.
To make buns, the bamboo shoots have to be cut into small pieces and __13___with other fillings. Hennacy learned how to make the buns by __14___ her grandma, but she had to work to measure everything and write it down because her grandmother cooks from __15__.
Hennacy said she and her family are __16__ to have Grandma living with them. She __17___ everyone's favorite foods and routinely __18__ healthy meals. “That's how __19__ a person she is.”
Hennacy said. “She shows her love through cooking.”
5.A.season B．journey
C．tradition D．gathering
6．A.wild B．dried
C．cheap D．hard
7．A.dropped out B．came back
C．moved on D．grew up
8．A.eat B．buy
C．choose D．collect
9．A.hold B．fill
C．carry D．clean
10．A.life B．group
C．process D．advantage
11．A.nature loving B．hard working
C．quick thinking D．food enjoying
12．A.honors B．shows
C．inspires D．reminds
13．A.mixed B．covered
C．paired D．compared
14．A.calling B．visiting
C．serving D．watching
15．A.interest B．memory
C．practice D．imagination
16．A.ready B．lucky
C．hopeful D．eager
17．A.knows B．accepts
C．gathers D．respects
18．A.wants B．recommends
C．orders D．fixes
19．A.caring B．daring
C．patient D．ordinary
Ⅲ.语法填空
People worldwide have enjoyed noodles for thousands of years. But did you ever stop __1__ (think): who made the very first noodle People first started __2__ (grow) wheat and making flour in the Middle East around 10,000 years ago. However, until 2002, no evidence (证据) of ancient noodles had been uncovered. Archaeologists discovered an upside down clay bowl in the ruins of an ancient Chinese village. When they lifted it, they found a 4,000 year old noodle. This “mummy” noodle__3__ (make) from grain. Traders brought wheat __4__ China about the time this ancient noodle was cooked. The Chinese __5__ (final) mastered the art of making long noodles.
Some people think that Marco Polo brought pasta (意粉) to Italy. Marco Polo's writings suggest that noodles were already present in Italy during his time, as he compared Chinese noodles to those in Italy. The Middle East also played a __6__ (significance) role in noodle history. The oldest __7__ (write) mention of pasta outside China dates back about 1,600 __8__ (year) in the Middle East. Dried noodles were a popular travel food in the region and beyond, making them a likely prospect for spreading the noodle recipe to other parts of __9__world.
So who REALLY invented noodles We may never know — the history of noodles is as complicated as a bowl of pasta. But no matter __10__ invented them, we're sure glad they did!
UNIT 1 课时检测(三)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。早餐对人们的工作和学习非常重要,在减肥食谱中也不可或缺,不吃早餐会对身体产生不好的影响。文章同时也对如何摄入健康营养的早餐进行了介绍。
1.选B 段落大意题。根据第二段第一句“Skipping breakfast is a common way for people who are trying to lose weight, but unfortunately, it’s usually not a successful way.”可知,第二段主要是讲不吃早餐对减肥没什么帮助。故选B。
2.选C 词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句中的“when you feel like you are starving”可知,此处是指被诱惑选择不健康的食物,所以tempted意为“吸引,引诱”。故选C。
3.选C 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句和第三句“The protein can come from low fat meat, low fat dairy products, or nuts. Eggs are also a good source of protein.”可知,选项中除了蔬菜以外都是很好的蛋白质来源。故选C。
4.选D 文章出处题。根据第一段和最后一段可知,文章主要是讲健康饮食的,所以最有可能来自一个健康生活网站。故选D。
Ⅱ.完形填空
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲的是姥姥为全家人制作家乡的传统美食——竹笋包子,用烹饪的方式向家人传递她的爱。
5.选C 根据上文“The arrival of spring always means a trip to the bamboo forest for Kaitlyn Hennacy and her family, followed by an afternoon making bamboo shoot buns”可知,春天来到后,他们去竹林游玩,做竹笋包子,这是他们一家的传统。season“季节”;journey“旅程”;tradition“传统”;gathering“聚会”。故选C。
6.选A 根据下文“growing near the University of Maryland”可知,Hennacy的母亲和姥姥在马里兰大学附近发现了野生竹子。 wild“野生的”。故选A。
7.选D 根据上文“Hennacy said her grandmother moved to the U.S. from Zhejiang”和下文“cooking with bamboo shoots often”可知,她的姥姥在中国浙江,经常用竹笋做饭,也就是在长大的过程中经常用竹笋做饭。drop out“退出”;come back“回来”;move on“继续前进”;grow up“长大”。故选D。
8.选D 根据下文“they get each bamboo shoot out of the ground”可知,在四月底时他们会去采竹笋。故选D。
9.选B 根据上文“their own bag”和下文“they get each bamboo shoot out of the ground”可知,他们把竹笋挖出来,然后装在包里,也就是填满他们的包。故选B。
10.选C 根据下文“picking the bamboo shoots and making the buns”可知,摘竹笋和做包子是一个完整的过程。故选C。
11.选B 根据上文“picking the bamboo shoots and making the buns”可知,摘竹笋,做包子,这是勤劳的人才会做出来的。nature loving“热爱自然的”;hard working“勤劳的”;quick thinking“脑子反应快的”;food enjoying“享受食物的”。故选B。
12.选C 根据下文“her own work ethic”可知,摘竹笋和做包子的整个过程激发了Hennacy自己的职业道德。honor“尊敬”;show“展示”; inspire“激发”;remind“提醒”。故选C。
13.选A 根据上文“the bamboo shoots have to be cut into small pieces”和下文“with other fillings”可知,切碎的竹笋要和其他馅料混合。mix“混合”;cover“覆盖”;pair“配对”;compare“比较”。故选A。
14.选D 根据上文“Hennacy learned how to make the buns”和下文“her grandma”可知,Hennacy是通过观看姥姥的样子学做包子的。故选D。
15.选B 根据上文“her grandmother cooks from”和第一段“where she cooking with bamboo shoots often”可知,她的姥姥以前经常用竹笋做饭,所以是凭记忆做饭。interest“兴趣”;memory“记忆”;practice“练习”;imagination“想象力”。故选B。
16.选B 根据下文“have Grandma living with them”可知,有姥姥和他们住在一起,Hennacy觉得她和她的家人很幸运。ready“准备好的”;lucky“幸运的”;hopeful“有希望的”;eager“急切的”。故选B。
17.选A 根据下文“She shows her love through cooking”可知,Hennacy的姥姥知道每个人最喜欢的食物。know“知道”;accept“接受”;gather“聚集”;respect“尊敬”。故选A。
18.选D 根据下文“She shows her love through cooking”可知,Hennacy的姥姥爱家人,会定期为家人安排健康的膳食。want“想要”;recommend“推荐”;order“命令,点餐”;fix“安排”。故选D。
19.选A 根据上文“She everyone’s favorite foods and routinely healthy meals”可知,Hennacy的姥姥知道家里每个人最喜欢的食物,所以是很关心家人的。caring“关心他人的”;daring“大胆的”;patient“耐心的”;ordinary“普通的”。故选A。
Ⅲ.语法填空
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了面条的相关历史。
1.to think 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处应为非谓语动词作宾语,此处表示“停下来去做某事”,应用动词不定式形式作宾语。故填to think。
2.growing 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处应为非谓语动词作宾语。并列连词and前后动词形式应该一致,and后为动名词形式,所以and前也应为动名词形式。故填growing。
3.was made 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,此处应为谓语动词。根据上文可知,此处描述的事情发生在过去,且make与句子主语This “mummy” noodle之间为被动关系,因此,此处使用一般过去时的被动语态,又因句子主语为名词单数形式。故填was made。
4.to 考查介词。分析句子结构可知,此处应为固定短语bring ... to ...“把……带到……”。故填to。
5.finally 考查副词。分析句子结构可知,此处应为副词作状语修饰谓语动词mastered,final的副词形式为finally意为“最终”。故填finally。
6.significant 考查形容词。分析句子结构可知,此处应为形容词作定语修饰名词role,significance的形容词为significant意为“有重大意义的”。故填significant。
7.written 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处作定语修饰后面的名词mention(提到, 陈述),write表示“写”,和mention之间是被动关系,且此处表示“最古老的书面的陈述”,所以用过去分词。故填written。
8.years 考查复数。year是可数名词,根据1, 600可知,此处应该用year的复数形式。故填years。
9.the 考查冠词。句意:干面在该地区和其他地区是一种受欢迎的旅行食品,这使得他们有可能将面条配方传播到世界其他地方。分析句子结构可知,world为可数名词,其前无限定词,所以此处应该用冠词,结合句意可知,此处表示特指,所以使用定冠词the。故填the。
10.who 考查连词。no matter who表示“不论是谁”,所以此处使用who。故填who。
