2025年暑假新目标八年级下学生英语复习巩固作业
Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came
词汇、句子、语法基础巩固练习
词汇
知识点1 go off
1．If your alarm clock doesn't ___________ in the morning, you will be late.
A．get off B．go off C．to go off D．go out
2．—Why did you get up so late this morning
—Because my alarm clock didn’t ______.
A．run off B．go off C．put off D．take off
知识点2 begin
3．I will begin ________ on the project as soon as I’m free.
A．work B．worked C．to work D．to working
4．Let’s begin.
A．start B．finish C．spend D．paint
知识点3 heavily
5．I ________ for the bus when it began to rain ________.
A．waited; heavily B．waited; heavy C．is waiting; heavily D．was waiting; heavily
6．We have to stay here. It’s raining ________ and blowing ________ outside.
A．strongly; heavily B．hard; heavily
C．hardly; heavily D．heavily; strongly
知识点4 suddenly
7．Suddenly, the students rushed out of the classroom.
A．All of a sudden B．Luckily C．Surely D．Hopefully
8．—Why are you all wet
—It rained ________ and I didn't take my umbrella.
A．completely B．suddenly
C．comfortably D．differently
知识点5 pick up
9．When he saw a wallet on the ground, he ______ at once.
A．picked it up B．gave it up C．picked up it D．gave up it
10．Please ______ the paper on the ground. We should keep the ground clean.
A．get up B．wake up C．pick up D．stand up
知识点6 strange
11．—I never see a rabbit _______ a pocket.
—Me neither. It’s very _______.
A．for; strange B．with; strange C．with; common D．for; common
12．It is strange of you to arrive at school so early today. The underlined part means ________.
A．difficult B．upset C．unusual D．kind
知识点7 beat
13．You didn’t ________ the game because the other team ________ you last time.
A．win; win B．beat; win C．win; beat D．beat; beat
14．—Did you ________ the first of the match
—Of course, we did. We ________ all the other teams.
A．win; beat B．beat; beat C．beat; won D．won; won
知识点8 against
15．—Who is that lady ________ a red dress
—Lisa. Her red dress stands out clearly ________ the white snow.
A．in; against B．with; against C．in; over D．with; by
16．Put the ladder(梯子) _______ the wall and you can climb into the room _______ the window.
A．through; against B．against; through C．against; against D．through; through
知识点9 at first
17．I had no idea what he meant at first.
A．finally B．at last C．in the beginning D．in the middle
18．Rick Allen had only one arm. ______ it was difficult to play the drums, but____ he learnt to play in a different way.
A．And… now B．At first… later
C．Before… then D．When… until
知识点10 asleep
19．He can’t fall ________ but his wife is so ________ that she is fast asleep.
A．sleep ,asleep B．sleepy, asleep C．asleep, sleepy D．sleeping, sleepy
20．He felt _________, so he went to _________ and fell ________ soon.
A．sleepy; asleep; sleep B．sleepy; sleep; asleep
C．sleep; sleep; sleep D．asleep; sleep; sleepy
知识点11 die down
21．I waited for the laughter to _______ before I spoke.
A．close down B．turn down
C．die down D．break down
22．The storm didn’t ________ completely until midnight.
A．die off B．die down C．die from D．die out
知识点12 rise
23．We ________ our heads to watch the sun ________ over the bridge.
A．rise; rise B．raise; raises C．rise; raises D．raise; rise
24．All the tourists ________ their heads to watch the sun ________ at the top of Mount Hua.
A．raised; rising B．rose; raising C．raised; raising D．rose; rising
知识点13 have a look
25．When Lucy got the gift from her mother, she couldn’t wait to open it and ________.
A．make a noise B．have a try C．have a look D．make a decision
26．Will you please let us ______ the animals
A．to have a look B．have a look
C．to have a look at D．have a look at
知识点14 realize
27．With the help of all his friends, his dream ________ at last.
A．was come true B．was realized C．achieved D．became true
28．I will keep on working hard to realize my dreams.
A．finish B．make…come true C．understand D．learn
知识点15 make one’s way
29．— Another cup of coffee
— ________. It’s getting late and I have to make my way home.
A．No, thanks B．No way
C．No problem D．No doubt
30．The little boy is trying to ________ his way ________.
A．look for, go home B．find, to home C．find, home D．finds, home
知识点16 in silence
31．—Anna, why do your family have dinner ________
—Because my father does not allow us to talk during dinner.
A．in silence B．in fact C．in control D．in half
32．When the expert gave a talk, the meeting room was very quiet. All of us listened to him _______.
A．in a way B．in surprise C．in silence D．in a mess
知识点17 take down
33．—Why did they ________ the houses
—Because they will build a park there.
A．take down B．write down C．cut down D．turn down
34．It’s not a good idea to _______these old buildings in the city.
A．take down B．turn down C．cut down D．put down
知识点18 truth
35．After _________ the newspaper, we know the _________ about the accident.
A．read, plan B．reading, advice C．read, truth D．reading, truth
36．—Sue, I don’t know how to tell my parents my decision.
—You should tell them the truth, not a lie.
A．fact B．excuse C．method D．reason
句子
知识点1 when引导的时间状语从句
37．________ the rain stops, we can go for a walk in the park.
A．Where B．Why C．When D．How
38．Please don’t talk ________ you’re eating.
A．before B．if C．after D．when
知识点2 while引导的时间状语从句
39．________ Benny was reading a novel, someone knocked at the door.
A．If B．While C．Since D．Though
40．Joyce almost fell asleep ________ she was doing her homework.
A．if B．though C．as soon as D．while
知识点3 It’s reported/said that
41．—Cindy, what did the teacher say just now
—She said _________ we must listen carefully in class.
A．where B．what C．which D．that
42．Mary said ________ there was a car outside.
A．what B．whether C．that D．if
语法
过去进行时
43．—You said that you didn’t break my glasses. How can you prove it
—I was not here. I _________ books in the library with Linda at that moment.
A．will read B．have read C．was reading D．is reading
44．—I didn’t see you in the dining hall. But you said you would come!
—I am really sorry about that. I ________ Mr Zhang carry books then.
A．have helped B．am helping C．was helping D．will help
现在进行时VS过去进行时
45．—Why didn’t you attend the meeting this morning
—I ________ the exchange students around our school.
A．show B．was showing C．am showing D．will show
46．Our school team ________ for the football game from 7 a.m. to 10 a.m. last Sunday.
A．will train B．trains C．is training D．was training
过去进行时含when/while
47．Jane ________ with her friends when the teacher entered the classroom.
A．is chatting B．chatted C．had chatted D．was chatting
48．The factory ________ a large amount of dirty water into the river when some reporters arrived at the scene.
A．pours B．will pour C．is pouring D．was pouring
单元能力提高练习
一、单词拼写
1．When the storm came last night, he (play) the piano.
2．We (read) books when the teacher came in.
3．When we heard the terrible news, we all sat there in . (silent)
4．It began to rain (heavy) on my way home yesterday.
5．While the man (run) back home, he saw a dog by the side of the road.
6．The little boy doesn’t dare to speak the , for he isn’t brave enough. (true)
7．At , the hotel clerk didn’t allow a pet dog to enter. (one)
8．It is possible for grandma (realize) her dream of travelling around the world on the Internet.
9．As soon as the tired traveler lay down, he fell (sleep).
10．Our class (beat) Class One and won the football game.
二、短文填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I felt very tired on my way home. After supper, I watched the weather report. It said that there would be 11 heavy storm tonight. I was too tired to care about that and fell 12 (sleep) soon.
Suddenly, I felt that I was in a new place. When I was looking around, it started to rain 13 (heavy). I ran into a nearby (附近的) room to keep 14 (I) from getting wet. I could hear the winds blowing and the rain 15 (beat) against the windows. I couldn’t see anything clearly 16 the light was weak. At that time, a strange noise came from the corner (角落) of the room. I turned around and found a man standing against the door 17 a flashlight. At first, he just looked at me in silence. Then he walked to me. I was 18 (complete) shocked when I knew he was a terrorist. I called my mother, but she didn’t pick up. I felt so 19 (scary) that I shouted for help loudly.
Suddenly, the alarm clock went off and I heard a soft (柔和的) voice. “Sam!” I woke up and saw my mother in my room. At that time, I 20 (realize) that I had a nightmare (噩梦).
三、完形填空
A report shows that around 72% of Chinese aged 12 to 14 have myopia (近视). This number is much 21 than the 58% in 2010. It is also said that China has the highest teenage myopia rate (比率) in the world. According to the 22 , 82.8% of parents believe that too much screen time is the main 23 for the high rate of myopia.
24 study supports this point. It shows that teenagers in China 25 more than 50% of their free time looking at screens, such as watching TV, playing computer games, or surfing the Internet. Many classroom activities and homework activities also need the 26 of smartphones or computers.
Too much screen time is bad for teenagers’ eyes. It is necessary to 27 their daily screen time. Studies should be done on how much time is spent on phones or computers and how much time is spent on 28 activities. Different timetables (课程表) for school days and weekends should be used to 29 students keep healthy. This will also help teenagers to 30 better time management (管理) skills.
21．A．lower B．faster C．higher D．slower
22．A．report B．letter C．object D．record
23．A．progress B．part C．force D．reason
24．A．Other B．Another C．Some D．The other
25．A．cost B．take C．pay D．spend
26．A．sign B．use C．train D．spirit
27．A．encourage B．control C．improve D．increase
28．A．outdoor B．social C．rapid D．proper
29．A．make up B．make sense C．make a plan D．make sure
30．A．push B．understand C．develop D．remind
四、阅读理解
These days, women go to space. They go around the world by ship. They have all kinds of ideas and make them come true. This wasn’t true hundreds of years ago. Back then, women were expected to stay at home. But that didn’t stop these three women from doing big things.
Jeanne Baret (1740—1807): Baret was a scientist in France. She studied plants. And she was the first woman to go on a tour around the world. In 1766, Baret wanted to go to sea with a group of scientists. But Baret had to dress up like a man to travel on French ships.
Hester Stanhope (1776—1839): Stanhope was from England. She wanted to travel. She traveled throughout the Middle East by herself. And she led a team to do archeological (考古学的) work there. She was the first woman to do this.
Nellie Bly (1864—1922): Bly was a reporter in America. In 1887, she wrote a story about hidden problems at a hospital. She dressed up like a sick person at the hospital. Then she wrote an excellent six-part report. The story made Bly famous. Two years later, Bly set a world record. She traveled around the world in seventy-two days!
31．How do women go around the world now according to Paragraph 1
A．By ship. B．By plane. C．By car. D．By train.
32．What did Jeanne Baret do in order to travel on French ships
A．She hid herself on the ship. B．She went to the Middle East alone.
C．She dressed up like a sick person. D．She dressed up like a man.
33．Where did Hester Stanhope lead a team
A．In France. B．In England. C．In the Middle East. D．In America.
34．When did Bly travel around the world
A．In 1766. B．In 1887. C．In 1889. D．In 1902.
35．Where is this passage most probably from
A．A magazine. B．A travel guide. C．A city map. D．A school notice.
In the morning, we went camping along a path in Green Natural Park. We were happy because it was a sunny day. We were expecting an enjoyable two-day holiday. On the way, we kept singing and making jokes.
However, in the afternoon, when we finished our picnic at one o’clock, it was dark and windy. Soon, there was a shower. Unluckily, none of us brought an umbrella. We ran about but we could find no shelter.
Twenty minutes passed and it was still raining. There were hours to go before we reached the campsite (野营地). It was even worse that our small compass (指南针) showed that we went in the wrong direction. We had lost our way!
We had to make a quick decision as it was raining heavily. Chris said we could set up a tent to shelter us from the rain, so Mary and Tom helped to set up the tent. Chris and I tried to make a fire to keep us warm. But we were unable to light the fire, as everything was wet. We finally succeeded though. We dried ourselves, chatted and waited inside the tent. At about five o’clock, it stopped raining. We decided to give up the camping trip because all of us had been very tired.
This camping trip may not be very successful but we know each other better. And the most important thing I’ve learned from this trip is the importance of team spirit.
根据材料内容选择正确答案。
36．The writer went camping in Green Natural Park ________.
A．for 4 hours B．for 2 days C．in the morning D．in the afternoon
37．It was even worse that they ________.
A．had no picnic B．lost their way
C．couldn’t light the fire D．couldn’t know each other
38．Chris suggested that they should ________ in the rain.
A．set up a tent B．reach the campsite C．keep singing D．find a shelter
39．Which of the following is NOT true
A．It was sunny in the morning. B．None of them had an umbrella.
C．They gave up the camping at last. D．They ran about to dry themselves.
40．The writer has learned the importance of ________ from the trip.
A．making a decision B．working together
C．enjoying holidays D．taking a compass
41 I often rode my bike to school when I was in middle school. I used to be interested in flying kites and keeping dogs. But later I was busy with my studies and gave up the hobbies.
42 American students don’t wear uniforms. They don’t worry about passing exams all the time, so they aren’t working hard. They can spend time in and out of school doing what they want.
43 Baking is the most popular way of cooking food in America. A meal often has roast meat and other baked food. So Americans find it impossible to live without an oven (烤箱).
44 Bungee jumping (蹦极) and motorcycle race are quite dangerous sports. Why do people join in these dangerous sports Some scientists say that it’s because modern life has become safe and it’s not interesting.
45 Shopping online is becoming popular these days. Shopping by computer or “shopping online” is interesting to more and more people nowadays.
A．Dangerous sports
B．American school life
C．How to use the computers
D．American cooking
E．The past things
F．Modern shopping
五、书面表达
46．现在，中学生周末的活动也安排得很满。下面表格中是Mary的周末活动安排。在下列时间段你正在做什么？请你写一篇70词左右的英语短文，描述自己的活动安排。
9:00—9:30 read English
10:00—11:00 do math homework
12:00—13:00 have lunch with Dad
14:00—15:30 have a piano lesson
16:00—17:00 visit her friends
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2025年暑假新目标八年级下学生英语复习巩固作业
Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came
词汇、句子、语法基础巩固练习
参考答案
1．B
【详解】句意：如果早上你的闹钟不响，你就会迟到。
.考查条件状语从句，get off下车；go off进行，爆炸，突然大作; go out外出，出国。if引导条件状语从句，主将从现，所以从句用一般现在时，动词用原形，结合句意，此处是闹钟突然响，故选B。
2．B
【详解】句意：-今天早上你为什么起这么晚？-因为我的闹钟没有响。run off跑掉；go off离开，动身；（闹钟）响；put off推迟；take off起飞，脱下。根据句意可知，这里表示“闹钟响”，故应选B。
3．C
【详解】句意：我一有空就开始做这个项目。
考查动词不定式作宾语。begin to do sth.“开始做某事”，固定搭配，故选C。
4．A
【详解】句意：让我们开始。
考查动词辨析。start开始；finish完成；spend花费；paint粉刷。根据“Let’s begin.”可知，与划线词begin“开始”为同义词的是选项A。故选A。
5．D
【详解】句意：我正在等公共汽车，突然下起了大雨。
考查时态及词汇辨析。heavy重的，形容词；heavily大量地，副词。根据“when it began to rain”可知，此处表示当一个动作正在进行时，另一个动作发生了，所以第一个空应用过去进行时；分析第二个空所在句的句子结构可知，此处应用副词，作状语。故选D。
6．D
【详解】句意：我们必须留在这里。外面下着大雨，刮着大风。
考查副词辨析。strongly强壮地；heavily大量地；hard刻苦地；hardly几乎不。根据“We have to stay here.”可知此处指“下着大雨，刮着大风”，表达为rain heavily and blow strongly。故选D。
7．A
【详解】句意：突然，学生们冲出教室。
考查副词辨析以及副词短语。All of a sudden突然；Luckily幸运地；Surely想必；Hopefully有希望地。Suddenly表示“突然地”，与All of a sudden同义，故选A。
8．B
【详解】句意：——你为什么都湿透了？——天突然下雨，我没带伞。A. completely 完全的； B. suddenly突然地；C. comfortably 舒服的； D. differently不同的；根据It rained ________ and I didn't take my umbrella.可知是突然下雨；故选B
9．A
【详解】句意：当他看到地上的钱包，他立刻把它捡起来。短语picked up捡起；gave up放弃；这里是动词和副词构成的短语，代词用宾格，放在中间。这里是捡起来。根据题意，故选A。
10．C
【详解】句意：请把地上的纸捡起来。我们应该保持地面清洁。考查动词短语。A. get up起床；B. wake up醒来，唤醒；C. pick up捡起，拾起；D. stand up起立，站起来。结合句意可知选C。
11．B
【详解】句意：——我从未见过带口袋的兔子。——我也没有。这很奇怪。
考查介词辨析和形容词辨析。for为了；with带有。strange奇怪的；common常见的。根据“a rabbit...a pocket”可知，是指带有口袋的兔子，应用with；根据“Me neither.”可知，这种奇怪的兔子没有见过，所以很奇怪，故选B。
12．C
【详解】句意：今天你这么早到学校真是奇怪。划线部分是什么意思？
考查形容词辨析。difficult困难的；upset不安的，心烦的；unusual不寻常的；kind好心的，仁慈的。根据句意可知，说话人觉得对方早到与往常很不一样，所以是unusual，故选C。
13．C
【详解】句意：你没有赢得比赛，因为上次另一队打败了你。
考查动词辨析。win意为“赢得（比赛、奖项等）”；beat意为“打败”，后接表示“人”的宾语。根据“the game”可知，第一空应填win表示“赢得比赛”，句中作谓语；根据“you”可知，第二空应填beat表示“打败你”。故选C。
14．A
【详解】句意：——你赢了第一场比赛吗？——当然，我们做到了。我们打败了所有其他队。
考查动词辨析。win赢得（比赛或奖项）；beat击败（某人或队伍）。根据“the first of the match”可知，第一空应填win，表示赢得比赛；根据“all the other teams”可知，第二空应该填beat，表示击败了其他队伍，故选A。
15．A
【详解】句意：——那位穿红裙子的女士是谁？ ——丽莎。以白雪为背景，她的红裙子格外显眼。
考查介词辨析。in穿着，戴着；against以……为背景；with和……；over在……上；by凭借。in后接颜色或服装表示“穿着……颜色衣服的”或“穿着……衣服的”，in a red dress意为“穿红裙子的”，第一个空格处应用in；根据“stands out clearly”可知，在白色背景衬托下，红裙子更显眼，第二个空格处应用against。故选A。
16．B
【详解】句意：让梯子靠墙，然后你可以从窗户爬进房间。
考查介词辨析。through从……穿过；against靠着。根据“Put the ladder(梯子) ...the wall ”可知应是让梯子靠墙，用against；根据“climb into the room...the window.”可知是从窗户爬进去，用through。故选B。
17．C
【详解】句意：起初我不知道他是什么意思。
考查词语辨析。finally最终；at last最终；in the beginning在开始；in the middle在中间。at first意为“首先，起初”，所以其同义词应为“in the beginning”，故选C。
18．B
【详解】句意：里克·艾伦只有一只胳膊。起初打鼓很困难，但后来他学会了用不同的方式打鼓。考查介词短语和副词辨析。A. And… now和/而且，现在；B. At first… later起初，后来；C. Before… then在……以前，然后；D. When… until当……的时候，直到；二者不可连用。根据句意语境，可知前后是先后关系，ACD三项不合句意，故选B。
19．C
【详解】句意：他无法入睡，但他的妻子非常困倦，以至于她已经睡得很熟了。
考查形容词、动词、名词辨析。sleep睡觉，名词或动词；sleepy困的，形容词，只作表语；asleep睡着的，形容词表状态。fall asleep“睡着”，动词短语，故第一个空填asleep；根据“but his wife is so...that she is fast asleep.”可知，他妻子太困了以至于很快睡着了，需形容词sleepy。故选C。
20．B
【详解】句意：他感到困倦，所以他去睡觉了，并且很快就睡着了。
考查形容词辨析和非谓语动词。sleepy困倦的，想睡觉的，形容词；asleep睡着的，形容词；sleep睡觉，动词。第一空，空前为“felt”，此处表示感到困倦，应用“sleepy”作系动词“felt”的表语，排除C和D；第二空，空前为“went to”，此处表示去睡觉，考查go to sleep，动词短语，排除A；第三空，空前为“fell”，此处考查fall asleep“入睡”，动词短语。故选B。
21．C
【详解】句意：在我说话之前，我等待笑声消散。A. close down关闭，查封，倒闭；B. turn down关小，调低，拒绝；C. die down减弱，逐渐平息；D. break down损坏，分解，出故障。笑声应是消散或减弱，结合句意可知选C。
22．B
【详解】句意：暴风雨直到午夜才完全平息。
考查动词短语。die off相继死去，先后死去；die down逐渐减弱，平息；die from死于……(外部原因)；die out灭绝，消失。根据“The storm didn’t … completely until midnight.”可知，此处是指暴风雨直到午夜才完全平息，应用“die down”来形容暴风雨逐渐消失。故选B。
23．D
【详解】句意：我们抬起头看着太阳从桥上升起。
考查动词辨析。raise“升起；抬起”，是及物动词，后需跟宾语；rise“升起；上升”，是不及物动词，后不能直接跟宾语。raise one’s head意为“抬头”，第一空用raise；第二空表示太阳升起，应用不及物动词，watch sb/sth do sth意为“观看某人/物做某事”，第二空用rise。故选D。
24．A
【详解】句意：所有游客抬起头观看在华山顶升起的太阳。
考查动词辨析。raised抬起，及物动词，是raise过去式；rose上升，不及物动词，是rise过去式。根据“their heads”可知，是指抬起头，用及物动词raised，可排除BD选项；根据“watch the sun”可知，是指太阳升起。故选A。
25．C
【详解】句意：当露西从妈妈那里得到礼物时，她迫不及待地打开看了看。
考查动词短语。make a noise发出噪音；have a try试一试；have a look看一看；make a decision做决定。根据“she couldn’t wait to open it and…”可知，此处指“她打开看了看礼物”，故选C。
26．D
【详解】句意：你能让我们看看动物吗？let sb do sth让某人做某事， look不及物动词，不能直接接宾语，要加at；故选D
27．B
【详解】句意：在所有朋友的帮助下，他的梦想终于实现了。
考查动词时态及语态。come true实现，后不能加宾语，无被动语态，排除A；realize实现，后可以加宾语，主语是his dream，和谓语动词之间存在被动关系，根据语境是一般过去时态的被动语态，主语是his dream，是第三人称单数，be动词用was， realize的过去分词是realized，故选B。
28．B
【详解】句意：我会继续努力工作来实现我的梦想。
考查动词辨析。finish完成；make…come true“使……成真”；understand理解，明白；learn学习，学会。原句中realize意为“实现”，B选项与其意思相同，故选B。
29．A
【详解】句意：——再来一杯咖啡？ ——不用了，谢谢。天色渐晚，我必须回家了。
考查情景交际。A. No, thanks不了，谢谢；B. No way不行；C. No problem没问题；D. No doubt毫无疑问。根据下文I have to make my way home可知，回答者拒绝了询问者再来一杯咖啡的建议。A选项符合语境，故选A。
30．C
【详解】句意：这个小男孩正在努力寻找回家的路。
考查动词辨析。look for寻找；find找到；home在家。try to do sth.“尽力做某事”，固定搭配，第一空要用动词原形；find one’s way home“找到某人回家的路”，固定搭配，第一空要用find，第二空要用home。故选C。
31．A
【详解】句意：——安娜，你家人为什么要安静地吃饭？——因为我父亲不允许我们在吃饭时说话。
考查介词短语辨析。in silence安静地；in fact事实上；in control 控制；in half分成两半。由“父亲不允许我们吃饭时说话”可推测，吃饭要安静。故选A。
32．C
【详解】句意：当专家作报告时，会议室里非常安静。我们大家都默默地听他讲。
考查介词短语。in a way在某种程度上；in surprise惊讶地；in silence安静地；沉默地；in a mess一团糟。根据“the meeting room was very quiet.”可知，是指默默地听专家讲话，与前文“会议室很安静” 相呼应。故选C。
33．A
【详解】句意：——他们为什么要拆掉这些房子？——因为他们将在那建一个公园。
考查动词短语。take down拆卸；write down写下；cut down砍倒；turn down关小。根据“Because they will build a park there”可知，此处表示拆掉房子，故选A。
34．A
【详解】句意：拆掉城市里的这些老建筑不是一个好主意。take down拆除；turn down拒绝；把声音关小；cut down砍倒；put down镇压，放下。根据句意可知应选A。
35．D
【详解】句意：读完报纸，我们知道了事故的真相。
考查动名词和名词的用法，read读, plan计划；reading（read动名词）， advice建议； truth真相。第一个空前有介词after，故后用动词的动名词形式，分析句意，第二个空用truth（真相）比较合适，故选D。
36．A
【详解】句意：——苏，我不知道怎么告诉我父母我的决定。——你应该告诉他们事实，不要撒谎。
考查同义词。fact事实，实际情况；excuse借口；method方法；reason理由。“not a lie ”不撒谎，可知“truth”是“事实，真相”；故选A。
37．C
【详解】句意：当雨停了，我们就可以去公园散步。
考查时间状语从句。Where在哪里；Why为什么；When当……的时候；How怎样。结合“the rain stops”和主句“we can go for a walk in the park”可知，应是雨停了去公园散步，前半句是后半句的时间状语，所以用when引导时间状语从句。故选C。
38．D
【详解】句意：当你吃东西时，请不要说话。
考查连词。before在……之前；if如果；after在……之后；when当……时候。结合句意，吃东西的时候不要说话，因此用when引导时间状语从句，故选D。
39．B
【详解】句意：当Benny在看一本小说时，有人敲门。
考查从属连词辨析。If如果；While在……期间、与……同时；Since自从；Though虽然。根据“Benny was reading a novel”和“someone knocked at the door”可知，应选While，引导时间状语从句。故选B。
40．D
【详解】句意：乔伊斯在做作业时几乎睡着了。
考查连词辨析。if如果；though尽管；as soon as一……就；while当……时。根据“she was doing her homework.”可知，乔伊斯在做作业时几乎睡着了，故选D。
41．D
【详解】句意：——辛迪，老师刚才说什么了？——她说我们上课必须认真听讲。
考查宾语从句引导词。根据“She said...we must listen carefully in class.”可知，此处是宾语从句，引导词只起引导作用，并无实际含义，故选D。
42．C
【详解】句意：玛丽说外面有一辆汽车。
考查宾语从句引导词。what什么；whether是否；that无实际意义；if是否。该宾语从句中不缺少句子成分，且从句表述的是一种事实情况，因此使用引导词that，故选C。
43．C
【详解】句意：——你说你没有打碎我的眼镜。你怎么证明呢？——我不在这里。我那时正在图书馆和琳达一起看书。
考查时态。根据“at that moment”可知，此处描述过去的某一时刻正发生的事情，用过去进行时was/were doing，主语是I，be用was。故选C。
44．C
【详解】句意：——我没在餐厅看到你。可是你说过你会来的！——我真的很抱歉。那时我正在帮张老师搬书。
考查时态。have helped现在完成时；am helping现在进行时；was helping过去进行时；will help一般将来时。根据“I…Mr Zhang carry books then.”可知，此处指当时某刻正在做的事情，应用过去进行时。故选C。
45．B
【详解】句意：——你今天早上为什么没有参加会议？——我正带着交换生参观学校。
考查动词的时态。结合语境可知，此处表示过去某段时间正在做的事情，故应用过去进行时，即was/were doing的结构。故选B。
46．D
【详解】句意：我们校队上周日上午7点到10点进行足球比赛训练。
考查动词时态。句中提及的时间是“last Sunday”，指过去的某个明确的时间，从7 a.m.到10 a.m.，因此用过去进行时态表示当时正在进行的动作，结构为was/were doing。故选D。
47．D
【详解】句意：老师走进教室时，简正在和朋友们聊天。
考查时态。根据“when the teacher entered the classroom”可知，此处描述的是过去某个时刻正在发生的动作，是过去进行时was/were doing。故选D。
48．D
【详解】句意：当一些记者到达现场时，工厂正在向河里排放大量污水。
考查时态。根据“when some reporters arrived at the scene.”可知，此处是描述过去某一时刻正发生的动作，用过去进行时was/were doing，主语是第三人称单数，be用was。故选D。
单元能力提高练习
参考答案
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 C A D B D B B A D C
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
答案 A D C C A C B A D B
题号 41 42 43 44 45
答案 E B D A F
1．was playing
【详解】句意：昨晚暴风雨来的时候，他正在弹钢琴。根据“When the storm came last night, he…the piano.”及提示词可知，此处指暴风雨来的时候，他正在弹钢琴，句子时态应为过去进行时，其结构为“was/were doing sth.”，主语he为第三人称单数，谓语动词也应用三单形式。故填was playing。
2．were reading
【详解】句意：老师进来时，我们正在读书。根据“when the teacher came in”可知，主句动作“读书”是正在进行的背景动作，需用过去进行时 (was/were doing)；主语“We”为复数，助动词用“were”；“read”现在分词形式为“reading”。故填were reading。
3．silence
【详解】句意：当我们听到这个可怕的消息时，我们都静静地坐在那里。silent安静的，形容词；根据“we all sat there in...”可知，介词in后面接名词，“in silence”是一个固定短语，意思是“沉默地；静静地”。故填silence。
4．heavily
【详解】句意：昨天在我回家的路上，开始下起了大雨。rain“下雨”是动词，需要用副词来修饰，heavy“重的；大量的”是形容词，其副词形式是heavily，表示“大量地；猛烈地”，用于描述雨下得大的程度。故填heavily。
5．was running
【详解】句意：当这个人跑回家的时候，他看到路边有一只狗。根据“While the man...back home, he saw a dog by the side of the road.”可知，此处强调在过去的某个时间点，正在发生的动作，用过去进行时。故填was running。
6．truth
【详解】句意：这小男孩不敢说真相，因为他不够勇敢。分析句子可知此处缺少名词作宾语，根据“for he isn’t brave enough”可知男孩不敢说出真相；true真的，形容词，对应的名词为truth“事实，真相”，故填truth。
7．first
【详解】句意：起初，酒店职员不允许宠物狗进入。根据“At ...”及所给词可知，此处填序数词构成固定短语at first“起初”。故填first。
8．to realize
【详解】句意：奶奶有可能在网上实现她环游世界的梦想。根据“It is possible for sb to do sth”可知，这是一个固定句型，表示“某人有可能做某事”。在这个句型中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语。realize“实现”，动词，所以此处需填realize的不定式形式to realize。故填to realize。
9．asleep
【详解】句意：疲惫的旅行者一躺下就睡着了。根据“As soon as the tired traveler lay down”可知，此处表示“入睡”的动作，fall asleep是固定短语，意为“入睡”。故填asleep。
10．beat
【详解】句意：我们班打败了一班，赢得了足球比赛。根据won可知，时态是一般过去时，所以空处应填beat的过去式beat。故填beat。
11．a 12．asleep 13．heavily 14．myself 15．beating 16．because 17．with 18．completely 19．scared 20．realized
【导语】本文讲述了作者在回家路上感到很累，之后做了一个噩梦，梦中遭遇了暴风雨和一个恐怖分子，最后被闹钟叫醒，发现原来是一场噩梦。
11．句意：天气预报说今晚将有一场暴风雨。根据“heavy storm”可知，此处泛指一场暴风雨，且heavy是辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
12．句意：我太累了，顾不上那件事，很快就睡着了。固定搭配“fall asleep”表示“入睡”，故填asleep。
13．句意：当我环顾四周时，开始下起了大雨。修饰动词“rain”用副词，heavy的副词为heavily。故填heavily。
14．句意：为了不淋湿，我跑进了附近的一个房间。固定搭配“keep oneself from doing sth.”表示“保护自己不做某事”，因此填反身代词myself“我自己”，故填myself。
15．句意：我能听到风吹雨打窗户的声音。根据“hear...doing”结构可知，此处用现在分词表示动作正在进行，故填beating。
16．句意：因为光线太弱，我什么也看不清。前后句为因果关系，because引导原因状语从句，故填because。
17．句意：我转过身来，发现一个人拿着手电筒站在门边。表示“携带”用介词with。故填with。
18．句意：当我得知他是恐怖分子时，我完全震惊了。修饰形容词“shocked”用副词，complete的副词为completely。故填completely。
19．句意：我感到非常害怕，大声呼救。形容人的感受用形容词scared“害怕的”。故填scared。
20．句意：那时我才意识到自己做了一个噩梦。根据上下文可知，此处用一般过去时，动词填过去式，故填realized。
21．C 22．A 23．D 24．B 25．D 26．B 27．B 28．A 29．D 30．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了中国青少年近视率很高，分析了近视的原因，并给出了解决的建议。
21．句意：这个数字比2010的58%高得多。
lower更低；faster更快；higher更高；slower更慢。根据“A report shows that around 72% of Chinese aged 12 to 14 have myopia.”可知，72%的12到14岁的中国人有近视，比58%高得多。故选C。
22．句意：据报道，82.8%的父母相信太多的看屏幕时间是近视率高的主要原因。
report报导；letter信；object物体；record纪录。根据“A report shows that around 72% of Chinese aged 12 to 14 have myopia.”可知，应该是引用权威报导的信息。故选A。
23．句意：据报道，82.8%的父母相信太多的看屏幕时间是近视率高的主要原因。
progress进展；part部分；force力量；reason原因。根据“...too much screen time is the main...for the high rate of myopia.”可知，太多的看屏幕时间应该是近视率高的主要原因。故选D。
24．句意：另一个研究支持这一观点。
Other其他的；Another（三者或以上不确定的）另一个；Some一些；The other（两者中的）另一个。根据第一段可知，一个报导指出“太多的看屏幕时间应该是近视率高的主要原因”，此处又引出了另一项研究，应为another表示“（三者或以上不确定的）另一个”。故选B。
25．句意：它表明中国青少年把自己超过50%的空闲时间花在看屏幕上，例如，看电视、打电脑游戏或上网。
cost花费（金钱）；take花费（时间）；pay支付；spend花费（时间）。根据主语“teenagers in China”是人做主语可知，符合“人+spend+时间+doing”结构来表示花时间。故选D。
26．句意：很多课堂活动和作业活动也需要用到智能手机和电脑。
sign标志；use使用；train火车；spirit精神。根据“It shows that teenagers in China spend more than 50% of their free time looking at screens, such as watching TV, playing computer games, or surfing the Internet. Many classroom activities and homework activities also need the...of smartphones or computers.”可知，除了在空闲时间看电视、打电脑游戏或上网看屏幕之外，很多课堂活动和作业活动也需要用到智能手机和电脑。故选B。
27．句意：有必要控制他们日常看屏幕的时间。
encourage鼓励；control控制；improve提高；increase增加。根据“Too much screen time is bad for teenagers’ eyes. It is necessary to...their daily screen time.”可知，看屏幕太长时间对青少年的眼睛有害，所以有必要控制他们日常看屏幕的时间。故选B。
28．句意：应该研究花在手机或电脑的时间和花在户外活动的时间各应是多少。
outdoor户外的；social社会的；rapid快的；proper合适的。根据“ It is necessary to control their daily screen time. Studies should be done on how much time is spent on phones or computers and how much time is spent on...activities.”可知，为了控制看屏幕的时间，应该研究花在手机或电脑的时间和花在户外活动的时间各应是多少才是健康的。看手机或电脑的时长和户外活动的时长应该平衡。故选A。
29．句意：上学日和周末应该使用不同课表，以确保学生健康。
make up编造；make sense有意义；make a plan制定计划；make sure确保。根据“Different timetables for school days and weekends should be used to...students keep healthy.”可知，用不同的课表是为了保证学生能健康。故选D。
30．句意：这也将帮助青少年发展更好的时间管理技能。
push推；understand理解；develop发展；remind提醒。根据“Different timetables for school days and weekends should be used to make sure students keep healthy. This will also help teenagers to...better time management skills.”可知，用不同的课表除了为了保证学生能健康，也为了帮他们发展更好的时间管理技能。故选C。
31．A 32．D 33．C 34．C 35．A
【导语】本文讲述了几百年前三位女性不受传统的束缚、航行世界的故事。
31．细节理解题。根据“These days, women go to space. They go around the world by ship. ”可知，她们乘船环游世界，故选A。
32．细节理解题。根据“In 1766, Baret wanted to go to sea with a group of scientists. But Baret had to dress up like a man to travel on French ships.”可知，为了乘坐法国船只她装扮成了男人，故选D。
33．细节理解题。根据“She wanted to travel. She traveled throughout the Middle East by herself. And she led a team to do archeological (考古学的) work there.”可知，她带领团队在中东进行考古工作，故选C。
34．细节理解题。根据“In 1887... Two years later, Bly set a world record. She traveled around the world in seventy-two days!”可知，她是1889年环游世界的，故选C。
35．推理判断题。本文讲述了几百年前三位女性不受传统的束缚、航行世界的故事，最可能出现在杂志上，故选A。
36．C 37．B 38．A 39．D 40．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者和朋友露营时所遭遇的事情。
36．细节理解题。根据“In the morning, we went camping along a path in Green Natural Park.”可知，早上，我们去绿色自然公园露营。故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据“It was even worse that our small compass showed that we went in the wrong direction. We had lost our way!”可知，更糟糕的是，我们的小指南针显示我们走错了方向，我们迷路了。故选B。
38．细节理解题。根据“Chris said we could set up a tent to shelter us from the rain,...”可知，克里斯说我们可以搭个帐篷遮雨，即克里斯建议在雨中搭帐篷。故选A。
39．细节理解题。根据“In the morning, we went camping along a path in Green Natural Park. We were happy because it was a sunny day...Unluckily, none of us brought an umbrella. We ran about but we could find no shelter...We decided to give up the camping trip because all of us had been very tired.”可知，早上，我们去露营，我们很高兴，因为这是一个阳光明媚的日子；不幸的是，我们谁也没带伞，我们到处跑，但找不到避雨的地方，即到处跑是为了找避雨的地方；我们决定放弃露营；D选项“他们到处跑，为了让自己变干。”与文章不符。故选D。
40．细节理解题。根据“And the most important thing I’ve learned from this trip is the importance of team spirit.”可知，我从这次旅行中学到的最重要的一点是团队精神的重要性，B选项“共同合作”与其相符。故选B。
41．E 42．B 43．D 44．A 45．F
【导语】本文主要介绍了过去的事情、美国的学校生活、美式烹饪、危险的运动和现代化购物。
41．根据“I used to be interested in flying kites and keeping dogs”可知，本段标题和过去的事情相关，选项E“过去的事情”与之对应，故选E。
42．根据“American students don’t wear uniforms. They……school doing what they want”可知，本段标题与美国学校生活相关，选项B“美国学校生活”与之对应，故选B。
43．根据“Baking is the most popular way of cooking food in America”可知，本段标题与美式烹饪相关，选项D“美式烹饪”与之对应，故选D。
44．根据“Bungee jumping (蹦极) and motorcycle race are quite dangerous sports”可知，本段标题与危险运动相关，选项A“危险运动”与之对应，故选A。
45．根据“Shopping online is becoming popular these days. Shopping by computer or “shopping online” is interesting to more and more people nowadays”可知，本段标题与现代化购物相关，选项F“现代化购物”与之对应，故选F。
46．One possible version:
While Mary was reading English, I was listening to English tapes. At 10:00, while she was doing math homework, I was watching TV. Because my favorite program was on at that time. After that I had lunch with my parents. From 14:00 to 15:30, I had a piano lesson with Mary. Both of us like playing the piano. But at 16:00 while Mary was visiting her friends, I was doing my homework.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，为材料作文；
②时态：时态以“过去进行时”为主；
③提示：写作要点在表格中已给出，考生注意不要遗漏要点，并注意适当添加细节，突出写作要点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍玛丽在各个时间点做的事；
第二步，介绍自己在上述时间点做的事。
[亮点词汇]
①listening to English tapes听英语磁带
②had a piano lesson上钢琴课
[高分句型]
①While Mary was reading English, I was listening to English tapes.（“While”引导时间状语从句）
②Because my favorite program was on at that time.（“Because”引导原因状语从句）
