Section Ⅰ “Understanding ideas”的课文习读环节
泛读课文，完成以下学习任务
(一)理清文脉结构
(二)把握主旨大意
1．What's the main idea of the text？( )
A．It introduces Tolkien's book Letters from Father Christmas.
B．It tells about Tolkien's life and adventures at the North Pole.
C．It is mainly about who wrote these letters.
D．It teaches us how to love our children.
2．What is Letters from Father Christmas about
精读课文，完成以下学习任务
(一)阅读理解
1．Who may be most interested in the book Letters from Father Christmas ( )
A．People who like reading novels.
B．People who like playing games.
C．People who like reading books about festivals.
D．People who consider Christmas a special time of year.
2．Why did J．R.R.Tolkien write these letters to his children？( )
A．To share with them some interesting stories.
B．To show them how to celebrate Christmas.
C．To give them a big surprise at Christmas.
D．To keep Father Christmas alive for them.
3．Which of the following statements is FALSE according to the passage？( )
A．There's a North Pole stamp on each letter.
B．Tolkien took a long time to finish each letter.
C．The letters warned children to be good, or they wouldn't receive the presents.
D．Writing the letters is Tolkien's way of keeping Father Christmas alive for his four children.
4．What kind of father do you think J．R.R.Tolkien was？( )
A．Humorous. B．Strict.
C．Serious. D．Caring.
5．Why has Tolkien been regarded as the real Father Christmas？( )
A．He calls on us to share the true spirit of giving at Christmas time.
B．He expressed love for his children in a special way.
C．His letters changed as his children got older.
D．His letters tell us to enjoy real Christmas.
[Tip]
切忌以细节代替推断
第5题易误选B选项，仔细审读题干的问题并结合文章内容可以看出，B选项只是与题干有关的一个细节，而非问题的正确答案。推理判断题属于深层次理解类试题，考查的是在理解原文字面意义的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示，进行推理、判断的能力。有一些干扰项仅仅是对原文细节的简单复述，而非推断出来的结论，解题时应注意避开此类误区。
(二)阅读表达
1．What do you think of Letters from Father Christmas How do you like the way Tolkien expressed love for his children
2．Tolkien emphasized the true spirit of giving in his book. Do you think all festivals share the same spirit And what are they in particular
|阅|读|技|能|提|升|
本文是一则书评，评论并介绍了《圣诞老人的来信》这本书。书评的结构较为固定，一般采用“简介—评述—结论”。简介部分细节较多，读时注意提取与作者及作品内容有关的具体信息，如本文中有关托尔金的介绍及《圣诞老人的来信》这本书的创作背景和情节内容，此类信息一般是细节理解题的设题点。其次，根据作者的评述来推断其观点态度。例如，根据文章中出现的the perfect book, one of the most famous names in English literature, beautifully illustrated, wonderful stories等，可以看出作者对这本书的称赞。
(一)赏用词之妙
1．A regular character in the letters was Polar Bear, who once climbed the North Pole (an actual pole in this case) and fell through the roof of Father Christmas's house.
赏析：本句中的两个动作climbed和fell through栩栩如生地描绘了一幅北极熊闯祸的搞笑画面，塑造了一只笨拙、调皮的北极熊的形象。
2．Interestingly, the letters did not contain the usual warnings to children that they might not receive their presents if they were not good.
赏析：本句中Interestingly作评注性状语修饰整个句子，点明了这些信件的特别之处，同时传达了作者的个人情感。评注性状语常用逗号与句子隔开，用以对全句进行解释说明，表示说话人对所说情况的看法或态度。常见的有：fortunately, luckily, thankfully, hopefully等。
3．Letters from Father Christmas tells us that as well as enjoying the adventures of Father Christmas, Polar Bear and other characters at the North Pole, we can all share the true spirit of giving at Christmas time.
赏析：本句中的as well as，相当于in addition to, 意为“除了……以外(还)”，在此表示递进关系，进一步揭示了《圣诞老人的来信》这本书的价值所在，点明了文章的主旨。
①________________________________________________________________________, we'll arrive before dark.
我们有望在天黑前到达。
②____________________________， he has been taking Spanish lessons this summer.
今年夏天，除了学习游泳以外，他还在上西班牙语课。
(二)赏句式之高
That is why Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book for those who regard Christmas as a special time of year.
赏析：本句先是运用了That is why ...结构介绍了《圣诞老人的来信》这本书的受欢迎程度，接着又用who 引导的定语从句具体说明了其读者范围。两个高级句式的运用不但提升了表达的层次性而且丰富了文章的细节信息。
[提能训练|使用复合句完成句子]
①(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. ________________________________________________.
他们还需要准备好接受国际记者的采访。这就是他们需要一个英语老师的原因。
②She is so kind that she is ready to help ____________________________________
________________________________________________________________________.
她很善良，随时准备帮助那些有困难的人。
(三)赏描摹之韵(语气描写)
The children must have been very excited as they opened it. Inside, they would find a handwritten letter from Father Christmas.The letters were also beautifully illustrated — each must have taken its true author, Tolkien, a long time to complete.
赏析：此处作者运用了情态动词来描述自己设想中的种种场景：孩子收到礼物时的心情，他们的发现，托尔金在这些信上所倾注的时间和精力。would在此表示“往往会”，两处must都用来表示一种较为肯定的推测，一方面表达了这些场景都是作者自己的主观猜测，另一方面，也说明了作者对这些场景的真实性很有把握。
(四)赏修辞之功
The letters did, however, change as Tolkien's children got older：
...but if you find that not many of the things you asked for have come, and not perhaps quite as many as sometimes, remember that this Christmas all over the world there are a terrible number of poor and starving people.
赏析：此处在说明随着孩子们年龄的增长，书信的内容也随之变化时，作者直接引用了Tolkien书信中的原句来印证自己的看法，具有很强的说服效果。写作中除了引用原文外，还可以引用诗句、格言、谚语等，来提高文章的说服力，令表达更富启发性。
节日是传统文化的重要组成部分，是人类社会发展的产物。人们为纪念历史事件、传承文化、强化社会凝聚力等设立了不同的节日。不同的国家也有着不同的节日，庆祝本国的传统节日能了解本民族的历史，增加民族认同感，同时能弘扬本民族的优秀文化，培养人们的文化意识，增强社会责任感。
WHY DO WE CELEBRATE FESTIVALS
Festivals are celebrated all around the world. They have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures, and important events. Every festival has its different customs and unique charms. However, no matter how different they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.
Of all the traditional festivals, the harvest festival can be found in almost every culture. This important agricultural festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in. People celebrate . In ancient Egypt, the harvest festival was celebrated during the springtime — the Egyptian harvest season.It featured a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports. Today, in some European countries, people decorate town halls with flowers and fruit, and get together to celebrate over a meal. During the Mid Autumn Festival in China, families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes.
Customs play a significant role in festivals, but sometimes they can change over time. With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away and others may be established. One example is the typical Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits and celebrate the new year. Nowadays, many big cities have given up this custom in order to avoid air pollution. Another example is Halloween, which slowly
Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations. Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. Although some believe festivals should not be commercialised，others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness.
Festivals are an important part of society. They reflect people's wishes, beliefs, faiths, and attitudes towards life. They are occasions our work for a little while. They help us understand appreciate. And if you study festivals carefully, you may be surprised to find that different cultures actually have a lot in common after all.
[阅读理解]
1．What is true about the harvest festival around the world according to the 2nd paragraph？( )
A．The harvest festival is the most important one of all the traditional festivals.
B．In ancient times the harvest festival was celebrated during the springtime.
C．In some European countries, people get together to celebrate over a meal.
D．Both the Chinese and European families enjoy delicious mooncakes on the Mid Autumn Festival.
2．What may make customs in festivals change over time？( )
A．The spread of new ideas.
B．Air pollution.
C．The development of modern technology.
D．The religious belief.
3．Which of the following will people not do at festivals？( )
A．Forget about their work for a little while.
B．Relax and enjoy life.
C．Show their faith towards life.
D．Find different cultures have little in common.
[素养积累]
1．由文积词汇
origin n． 起源；起因；出身
unique adj. 独特的；独具的
charm n. 魅力；迷人的特征
gratitude n. 感激之情；感谢
agricultural adj. 农业的
gather v. 收割；收获
feature vt. 以……为特色
significant adj. 有重大意义的；显著的
establish vt. 建立；创立；设立
commercialise vt. 使商业化；利用……牟利
2．据文悟句式
句① 该句中不定式短语作目的状语，其中that引导宾语从句。
句② which引导非限制性定语从句，which指代先行词Halloween。
句③ that引导定语从句，修饰先行词occasions，that 在从句中作主语。
句④ where, who均引导宾语从句，而what to appreciate为“疑问词＋不定式”结构，作宾语。
Section Ⅰ
课文阅读理解
泛读课文，完成以下学习任务
(一)①English literature ②a North Pole stamp
③a handwritten letter ④life and adventures
⑤climbed the North Pole ⑥complained about
⑦the true spirit of giving ⑧love for his children
(二)1.A
2．Letters from Father Christmas is a collection of Tolkien's letters to his four children at Christmas. The letters told wonderful stories about Father Christmas's life and adventures at the North Pole.
精读课文，完成以下学习任务
(一)1.D 2.D 3.C 4.D 5.A
(二)1.I think the book Letters from Father Christmas is well worth reading.It is very interesting.I like the way Tolkien expressed love for his children, because it is special and full of love.
2．Although every festival has its different customs and unique charms, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.
课文写法借鉴
(一)①Hopefully ②As well as learning to swim
(二)①This is why they need an English trainer
②the people who are in trouble
美文阅读润心
1．C 2.A 3.D(共79张PPT)
UNIT 2 Let's celebrate!
外研英语必修第二册
把握单元素养目标
主题意识 本单元的主题是中外节日。通过了解世界各地的节日，中国春节习俗的变化及春节的国际化，深化对中外节日的意义和内涵的认识，增强民族认同感，主动弘扬和传播中华优秀文化。
语法项目 了解情态动词表示推测的基本用法，学会在真实语境中正确运用情态动词。
续表
语言输入 听 听懂关于世界各地一些庆祝季节变换的节日的介绍，了解不同类型的节日文化；听懂关于节日邀请的英语对话，了解相关的节日风俗和社交礼仪。
读 能够读懂节日文化话题下的书评、专栏文章和报刊社论等类型的英文语篇，深化对节日的认识。
看 能看懂与节日文化相关的视频、图片、漫画等中的英文表达，了解不同节日的内涵。
续表
语言输出 写 能恰当运用情态动词和与节日文化相关的词汇、句式，描述目标内容；会用英语写表达观点的书信。
说 能合理使用与节日文化有关的英语词汇和句式，谈论该话题的相关场景。
Section Ⅰ “Understanding ideas”
的课文习读环节
目 录
课文阅读理解
课文写法借鉴
美文阅读润心
课时跟踪检测
课文阅读理解
(一)理清文脉结构
泛读课文，完成以下学习任务
English literature
a North Pole stamp
a handwritten letter
life and adventures
climbed the
North Pole
complained about
the true spirit of
giving
love for his children
(二)把握主旨大意
1．What's the main idea of the text
A．It introduces Tolkien's book Letters from Father Christmas.
B．It tells about Tolkien's life and adventures at the North Pole.
C．It is mainly about who wrote these letters.
D．It teaches us how to love our children.
√
2．What is Letters from Father Christmas about
Letters from Father Christmas is a collection of Tolkien's letters to his four children at Christmas. The letters told wonderful stories about Father Christmas's life and adventures at the North Pole.
(一)阅读理解
1．Who may be most interested in the book Letters from Father Christmas
A．People who like reading novels.
B．People who like playing games.
C．People who like reading books about festivals.
D．People who consider Christmas a special time of year.
√
精读课文，完成以下学习任务
2．Why did J．R.R.Tolkien write these letters to his children
A．To share with them some interesting stories.
B．To show them how to celebrate Christmas.
C．To give them a big surprise at Christmas.
D．To keep Father Christmas alive for them.
√
3．Which of the following statements is FALSE according to the passage
A．There's a North Pole stamp on each letter.
B．Tolkien took a long time to finish each letter.
C．The letters warned children to be good, or they wouldn't receive the presents.
D．Writing the letters is Tolkien's way of keeping Father Christmas alive for his four children.
√
4．What kind of father do you think J．R.R.Tolkien was
A．Humorous. B．Strict.
C．Serious. D．Caring.
√
5．Why has Tolkien been regarded as the real Father Christmas
A．He calls on us to share the true spirit of giving at Christmas time.
B．He expressed love for his children in a special way.
C．His letters changed as his children got older.
D．His letters tell us to enjoy real Christmas.
√
[Tip]
切忌以细节代替推断
第5题易误选B选项，仔细审读题干的问题并结合文章内容可以看出，B选项只是与题干有关的一个细节，而非问题的正确答案。推理判断题属于深层次理解类试题，考查的是在理解原文字面意义的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示，进行推理、判断的能力。有一些干扰项仅仅是对原文细节的简单复述，而非推断出来的结论，解题时应注意避开此类误区。
(二)阅读表达
1．What do you think of Letters from Father Christmas How do you like the way Tolkien expressed love for his children
I think the book Letters from Father Christmas is well worth reading.It is very interesting.I like the way Tolkien expressed love for his children, because it is special and full of love.
2．Tolkien emphasized the true spirit of giving in his book. Do you think all festivals share the same spirit And what are they in particular
Although every festival has its different customs and unique charms, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.
|阅|读|技|能|提|升|
本文是一则书评，评论并介绍了《圣诞老人的来信》这本书。书评的结构较为固定，一般采用“简介—评述—结论”。简介部分细节较多，读时注意提取与作者及作品内容有关的具体信息，如本文中有关托尔金的介绍及《圣诞老人的来信》这本书的创作背景和情节内容，此类信息一般是细节理解题的设题点。其次，根据作者的评述来推断其观点态度。例如，根据文章中出现的the perfect book, one of the most famous names in English literature, beautifully illustrated, wonderful stories等，可以看出作者对这本书的称赞。
课文写法借鉴
(一)赏用词之妙
1．A regular character in the letters was Polar Bear, who once climbed the North Pole (an actual pole in this case) and fell through the roof of Father Christmas's house.
赏析：本句中的两个动作climbed和fell through栩栩如生地描绘了一幅北极熊闯祸的搞笑画面，塑造了一只笨拙、调皮的北极熊的形象。
2．Interestingly, the letters did not contain the usual warnings to children that they might not receive their presents if they were not good.
赏析：本句中Interestingly作评注性状语修饰整个句子，点明了这些信件的特别之处，同时传达了作者的个人情感。评注性状语常用逗号与句子隔开，用以对全句进行解释说明，表示说话人对所说情况的看法或态度。常见的有：fortunately, luckily, thankfully, hopefully等。
3．Letters from Father Christmas tells us that as well as enjoying the adventures of Father Christmas, Polar Bear and other characters at the North Pole, we can all share the true spirit of giving at Christmas time.
赏析：本句中的as well as，相当于in addition to, 意为“除了……以外(还)”，在此表示递进关系，进一步揭示了《圣诞老人的来信》这本书的价值所在，点明了文章的主旨。
① , we'll arrive before dark.
我们有望在天黑前到达。
② , he has been taking Spanish lessons this summer.
今年夏天，除了学习游泳以外，他还在上西班牙语课。
[提能训练|完成句子]
Hopefully
As well as learning to swim
(二)赏句式之高
That is why Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book for those who regard Christmas as a special time of year.
赏析：本句先是运用了That is why ...结构介绍了《圣诞老人的来信》这本书的受欢迎程度，接着又用who 引导的定语从句具体说明了其读者范围。两个高级句式的运用不但提升了表达的层次性而且丰富了文章的细节信息。
①(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists.__________________________
.
他们还需要准备好接受国际记者的采访。这就是他们需要一个英语老师的原因。
[提能训练|使用复合句完成句子]
This is why they need an
English trainer
②She is so kind that she is ready to help .
她很善良，随时准备帮助那些有困难的人。
the people who are in trouble
(三)赏描摹之韵(语气描写)
The children must have been very excited as they opened it. Inside, they would find a handwritten letter from Father Christmas.The letters were also beautifully illustrated — each must have taken its true author, Tolkien, a long time to complete.
赏析：此处作者运用了情态动词来描述自己设想中的种种场景：孩子收到礼物时的心情，他们的发现，托尔金在这些信上所倾注的时间和精力。would在此表示“往往会”，两处must都用来表示一种较为肯定的推测，一方面表达了这些场景都是作者自己的主观猜测，另一方面，也说明了作者对这些场景的真实性很有把握。
(四)赏修辞之功
The letters did, however, change as Tolkien's children got older：
...but if you find that not many of the things you asked for have come, and not perhaps quite as many as sometimes, remember that this Christmas all over the world there are a terrible number of poor and starving people.
赏析：此处在说明随着孩子们年龄的增长，书信的内容也随之变化时，作者直接引用了Tolkien书信中的原句来印证自己的看法，具有很强的说服效果。写作中除了引用原文外，还可以引用诗句、格言、谚语等，来提高文章的说服力，令表达更富启发性。
美文阅读润心
节日是传统文化的重要组成部分，是人类社会发展的产物。人们为纪念历史事件、传承文化、强化社会凝聚力等设立了不同的节日。不同的国家也有着不同的节日，庆祝本国的传统节日能了解本民族的历史，增加民族认同感，同时能弘扬本民族的优秀文化，培养人们的文化意识，增强社会责任感。
WHY DO WE CELEBRATE FESTIVALS
Festivals are celebrated all around the world. They have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures, and important events. Every festival has its different customs and unique charms. However, no matter how different they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.
decorate town halls with flowers and fruit, and get together to celebrate over a meal. During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China, families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes.
Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations. Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. Although some believe festivals should not be commercialised，others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness.
[阅读理解]
1．What is true about the harvest festival around the world according to the 2nd paragraph
A．The harvest festival is the most important one of all the traditional festivals.
B．In ancient times the harvest festival was celebrated during the springtime.
C．In some European countries, people get together to celebrate over a meal.
D．Both the Chinese and European families enjoy delicious mooncakes on the Mid-Autumn Festival.
√
2．What may make customs in festivals change over time
A．The spread of new ideas.
B．Air pollution.
C．The development of modern technology.
D．The religious belief.
√
3．Which of the following will people not do at festivals
A．Forget about their work for a little while.
B．Relax and enjoy life.
C．Show their faith towards life.
D．Find different cultures have little in common.
√
[素养积累]
1．由文积词汇
origin n． 起源；起因；出身
unique adj. 独特的；独具的
charm n. 魅力；迷人的特征
gratitude n. 感激之情；感谢
agricultural adj. 农业的
gather v. 收割；收获
feature vt. 以……为特色
significant adj. 有重大意义的；显著的
establish vt. 建立；创立；设立
commercialise vt. 使商业化；利用……牟利
2．据文悟句式
句① 该句中不定式短语作目的状语，其中that引导宾语从句。
句② which引导非限制性定语从句，which指代先行词Halloween。
句③ that引导定语从句，修饰先行词occasions，that 在从句中作主语。
句④ where，who均引导宾语从句，而what to appreciate为“疑问词＋不定式”结构，作宾语。
课时跟踪检测
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Held around August 10th, Nagqu Horse Racing Festival is the most important in north Xizang. In the golden season of grassland, tens of thousands of herdsmen (牧人) from different parts of Xizang, in their holiday best, come to Nagqu on their horses with different kinds of goods and materials. They pitch tents in the southern part of Nagqu
town. During the festival, thousands of tents with paintings will be set up in the area, stretching miles. It makes the grassland look like a small town.
On the day for the opening ceremony of the festival, people from all over Xizang will pour into this grassland. Colorful flags are flying against the blue sky; horses are racing; herdsmen are showing their riding skills; some are dancing.People around the “tent town” will be cooking and drinking. This is really a lively picture that you should not miss.
After the opening ceremony, the recreational and trade activities will start, such as horse races, carrying rocks, and performing Tibetan operas.All together, these activities will last 3 to 7 days.
The horse racing festival has a long history. It dates from the ancient military review (阅兵式) in the Tubo tribe (部落) in the area. It is also the traditional occasion for horse trade. The buying and selling of horses at these fairs attracts Tibetans from near and far. Nowadays,
the local government also attaches great importance to the occasion and considers it a good chance to help the economic development in the area. Business talks are held and modern activities like fashion shows can also be seen there. It has become a bright part in the tourism of Xizang.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了西藏那曲赛马节的相关情况。
1．The underlined word “pitch” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “ ”．
A．put up B．take apart
C．turn out D．look over
√
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“During the festival, thousands of tents ... will be set up in the area”可知，在节日期间，成千上万的帐篷在那曲镇的南部草原上搭建，绵延数英里。故画线词与set up同义，意为“搭建”。
2．Which of the following words can describe the opening ceremony of the festival
A．Surprising. B．Boring.
C．Touching. D．Wonderful.
√
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，赛马节当天，来自西藏四面八方的人们涌入那曲镇的草原。彩旗飘扬，赛马比赛如火如荼地举行，牧民展示他们骑马的技术，一些人在跳舞。由此可推知，赛马节的开幕式很精彩。
3．What do you know about Nagqu Horse Racing Festival
A．It is the most important festival in Xizang.
B．People hold different activities during the festival.
C．The horse racing festival is a new festival held in recent years.
D．The activities of the festival usually last more than a week.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“After the opening ceremony ... performing Tibetan operas.”可知，赛马节开幕式结束后，各种娱乐和商业活动开始进行。故人们在赛马节期间举行不同的活动。
4．What is the best title for this passage
A．The Grassland in North Xizang
B．Special Festival Activities in Xizang
C．Nagqu Horse Racing Festival
D．The Tent Town in North Xizang
解析：标题归纳题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了西藏那曲赛马节的相关情况。故C项适合作文章标题。
√
B
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Start of Winter, the 19th solar term of the year, begins this year on November 7 and ends on November 21.
Start of Winter is the first solar term of winter, which means winter is coming and crops harvested in autumn should be stored up.
In ancient times, the Start of Winter was regarded as the beginning of winter, however, due to geographical factors, the actual winter time varies from place to place.
In fact, the Start of Winter is not the beginning of winter in terms of meteorology (气象学). The weather every year is different, so the beginning of winter could be quite different. And as China is very large, it starts at different times in different areas.
The beginnings of the four seasons were important festivals in ancient times. Before the Start of Winter, the ancient emperor would take a shower and have no more meat. On that day, the emperor would lead his officials to the countryside and “welcome the winter”．
People eat dumplings on the beginning of winter. Legend has it that in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhang Zhongjing invented “Jiao Ear” to treat typhoid (伤寒) patients with ear frostbite (冻疮).
He cooked mutton，hot peppers and herbs to drive out the cold and warm up the body.He put these materials into a dough skin and made them into an ear shape.Since then, people have learned to make the food which became known as “dumpling” or “jiaozi”. Today there is still a saying that goes “Eat dumplings on Start of Winter Day, or your ears will be frostbitten.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了二十四节气中的立冬节气，解释了立冬节气的含义、时间和立冬时节的风俗习惯。
5．Which of the following is RIGHT about Start of Winter
A．It is one of the solar terms.
B．People begin to harvest crops on this day.
C．Winter begins on November 7 this year.
D．It begins in different months in different places.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，立冬是二十四节气中的一个。
√
6．What does “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．The Start of Winter.
B．The change of weather.
C．The important festival.
D．The beginning of winter.
√
解析：代词指代题。根据画线词上一句可知，每年的天气是不一样的，所以冬天的开始也可能是不一样的。本句的it代指上一句中的the beginning of winter。
7．What do the last two paragraphs mainly talk about
A．Importance of Start of Winter.
B．Customs of Start of Winter.
C．Origin of Start of Winter.
D．Food eaten on Start of Winter.
解析：段落大意题。根据最后两段内容可知，这两段讲了在古代的时候，立冬时节的一些习俗。
√
√
8．Why do people eat dumplings on Start of Winter Day
A．Because dumplings can drive away typhoid.
B．Because they wish for good luck for themselves.
C．Because eating dumplings can warm up their ears.
D．Because they want to prevent the coming of winter.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可推知，人们吃饺子不再只是为了驱寒，而是带着一种对自己的美好祝愿。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Each lunar year is named after one of 12 animals. 9 One day, the Emperor decided to have a race for all the animals in the country.Unfortunately, only 12 animals actually managed to get to the race.The Emperor rewarded them by naming the 12 years of the lunar calendar after them.The first to finish was the rat, so the first year is named after him.The other eleven, in order, were the ox, tiger, rabbit, dragon, snake, horse, goat, monkey, rooster, dog and pig.
10 Wherever one is, he or she will go back home on this day.The younger generations greet their parents and grandparents with good wishes for the year ahead and show their respect for the older generation. 11 They are traditionally put in small red packets, as red is a lucky color.Nowadays, many people send money electronically too.It is lucky to send money in certain amounts, for example using the number eight, which in Chinese sounds like the word “prosper”．
12 For example, many people eat fish dishes because the Chinese word for “fish” sounds similar to “surplus (剩余)”， meaning you will have plenty.
There are many other Lunar New Year traditions.For example, many people used to set off firecrackers, which burn and make a loud bang.They watch street performances, where acrobatic dancers dress up as a lion or a dragon.They dance, accompanied by music and drums.People celebrate Lunar New Year in many different ways. 13
A．A traditional story explains how this came to be.
B．Different places celebrate in slightly different ways.
C．Lunar New Year is very much a family celebration.
D．No one knows why each year is named after an animal.
E．Older members of the family give younger ones cash presents.
F．Traditional foods at Lunar New Year often have another meaning.
G．But all the celebrations are about wishing everyone the best for the year ahead.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了生肖的来历以及农历新年的饮食和活动等。
9．选A 下文提到的是一个有关生肖来历的民间故事，A选项中的“A traditional story”与此相呼应。
10．选C 根据下文“人们无论身在何处，都会在这一天赶回家”可知，C项“农历新年更是一个家庭庆祝活动”衔接下文，符合语境。
11．选E 根据语境及常识可知，空后一句中的主语They应该指老年人给小孩的压岁钱，与E选项中的“cash presents”相呼应。
12．选F 由下句“For example ...you will have plenty”可知，下文是对空处的举例说明，说明了春节吃鱼的寓意。故F项“传统食物在农历新年常常有另一层含义”符合本段语境。
13．选G 空处位于段尾，对本段进行总结。上文提到人们庆祝农历新年的方式不同，G选项“但所有的庆祝都是祝愿人人来年一切顺利”与上文构成转折关系，符合语境。UNIT 2 课时检测(一) “Understanding ideas”的课文习读环节
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Held around August 10th, Nagqu Horse Racing Festival is the most important in north Xizang. In the golden season of grassland, tens of thousands of herdsmen (牧人) from different parts of Xizang, in their holiday best, come to Nagqu on their horses with different kinds of goods and materials. They pitch tents in the southern part of Nagqu town. During the festival, thousands of tents with paintings will be set up in the area, stretching miles. It makes the grassland look like a small town.
On the day for the opening ceremony of the festival, people from all over Xizang will pour into this grassland. Colorful flags are flying against the blue sky; horses are racing; herdsmen are showing their riding skills; some are dancing.People around the “tent town” will be cooking and drinking. This is really a lively picture that you should not miss.
After the opening ceremony, the recreational and trade activities will start, such as horse races, carrying rocks, and performing Tibetan operas.All together, these activities will last 3 to 7 days.
The horse racing festival has a long history. It dates from the ancient military review (阅兵式) in the Tubo tribe (部落) in the area. It is also the traditional occasion for horse trade. The buying and selling of horses at these fairs attracts Tibetans from near and far. Nowadays, the local government also attaches great importance to the occasion and considers it a good chance to help the economic development in the area. Business talks are held and modern activities like fashion shows can also be seen there. It has become a bright part in the tourism of Xizang.
1．The underlined word “pitch” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “________”．
A．put up B．take apart
C．turn out D．look over
2．Which of the following words can describe the opening ceremony of the festival
A．Surprising. B．Boring.
C．Touching. D．Wonderful.
3．What do you know about Nagqu Horse Racing Festival
A．It is the most important festival in Xizang.
B．People hold different activities during the festival.
C．The horse racing festival is a new festival held in recent years.
D．The activities of the festival usually last more than a week.
4．What is the best title for this passage
A．The Grassland in North Xizang
B．Special Festival Activities in Xizang
C．Nagqu Horse Racing Festival
D．The Tent Town in North Xizang
B
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Start of Winter, the 19th solar term of the year, begins this year on November 7 and ends on November 21.
Start of Winter is the first solar term of winter, which means winter is coming and crops harvested in autumn should be stored up.
In ancient times, the Start of Winter was regarded as the beginning of winter, however, due to geographical factors, the actual winter time varies from place to place.
In fact, the Start of Winter is not the beginning of winter in terms of meteorology (气象学). The weather every year is different, so the beginning of winter could be quite different. And as China is very large, it starts at different times in different areas.
The beginnings of the four seasons were important festivals in ancient times. Before the Start of Winter, the ancient emperor would take a shower and have no more meat. On that day, the emperor would lead his officials to the countryside and “welcome the winter”．
People eat dumplings on the beginning of winter. Legend has it that in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhang Zhongjing invented “Jiao Ear” to treat typhoid (伤寒) patients with ear frostbite (冻疮). He cooked mutton，hot peppers and herbs to drive out the cold and warm up the body.He put these materials into a dough skin and made them into an ear shape.Since then, people have learned to make the food which became known as “dumpling” or “jiaozi”. Today there is still a saying that goes “Eat dumplings on Start of Winter Day, or your ears will be frostbitten.”
5．Which of the following is RIGHT about Start of Winter
A．It is one of the solar terms.
B．People begin to harvest crops on this day.
C．Winter begins on November 7 this year.
D．It begins in different months in different places.
6．What does “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．The Start of Winter.
B．The change of weather.
C．The important festival.
D．The beginning of winter.
7．What do the last two paragraphs mainly talk about
A．Importance of Start of Winter.
B．Customs of Start of Winter.
C．Origin of Start of Winter.
D．Food eaten on Start of Winter.
8．Why do people eat dumplings on Start of Winter Day
A．Because dumplings can drive away typhoid.
B．Because they wish for good luck for themselves.
C．Because eating dumplings can warm up their ears.
D．Because they want to prevent the coming of winter.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Each lunar year is named after one of 12 animals.__9__ One day, the Emperor decided to have a race for all the animals in the country.Unfortunately, only 12 animals actually managed to get to the race.The Emperor rewarded them by naming the 12 years of the lunar calendar after them.The first to finish was the rat, so the first year is named after him.The other eleven, in order, were the ox, tiger, rabbit, dragon, snake, horse, goat, monkey, rooster, dog and pig.
__10__ Wherever one is, he or she will go back home on this day.The younger generations greet their parents and grandparents with good wishes for the year ahead and show their respect for the older generation.__11__ They are traditionally put in small red packets, as red is a lucky color.Nowadays, many people send money electronically too.It is lucky to send money in certain amounts, for example using the number eight, which in Chinese sounds like the word “prosper”．
__12__ For example, many people eat fish dishes because the Chinese word for “fish” sounds similar to “surplus (剩余)”， meaning you will have plenty.
There are many other Lunar New Year traditions.For example, many people used to set off firecrackers, which burn and make a loud bang.They watch street performances, where acrobatic dancers dress up as a lion or a dragon.They dance, accompanied by music and drums.People celebrate Lunar New Year in many different ways.__13__
A．A traditional story explains how this came to be.
B．Different places celebrate in slightly different ways.
C．Lunar New Year is very much a family celebration.
D．No one knows why each year is named after an animal.
E．Older members of the family give younger ones cash presents.
F．Traditional foods at Lunar New Year often have another meaning.
G．But all the celebrations are about wishing everyone the best for the year ahead.
UNIT 2 课时检测(一)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
1.选A 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“During the festival, thousands of tents ... will be set up in the area”可知,在节日期间,成千上万的帐篷在那曲镇的南部草原上搭建,绵延数英里。故画线词与set up同义,意为“搭建”。
2.选D 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知,赛马节当天,来自西藏四面八方的人们涌入那曲镇的草原。彩旗飘扬,赛马比赛如火如荼地举行,牧民展示他们骑马的技术,一些人在跳舞。由此可推知,赛马节的开幕式很精彩。
3.选B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“After the opening ceremony ... performing Tibetan operas.”可知,赛马节开幕式结束后,各种娱乐和商业活动开始进行。故人们在赛马节期间举行不同的活动。
4.选C 标题归纳题。根据文章内容可知,本文主要介绍了西藏那曲赛马节的相关情况。故C项适合作文章标题。
5.选A 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知,立冬是二十四节气中的一个。
6.选D 代词指代题。根据画线词上一句可知,每年的天气是不一样的,所以冬天的开始也可能是不一样的。本句的it代指上一句中的the beginning of winter。
7.选B 段落大意题。根据最后两段内容可知,这两段讲了在古代的时候,立冬时节的一些习俗。
8.选B 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可推知,人们吃饺子不再只是为了驱寒,而是带着一种对自己的美好祝愿。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了生肖的来历以及农历新年的饮食和活动等。
9.选A 下文提到的是一个有关生肖来历的民间故事,A选项中的“A traditional story”与此相呼应。
10.选C 根据下文“人们无论身在何处,都会在这一天赶回家”可知,C项“农历新年更是一个家庭庆祝活动”衔接下文,符合语境。
11.选E 根据语境及常识可知,空后一句中的主语They应该指老年人给小孩的压岁钱,与E选项中的“cash presents”相呼应。
12.选F 由下句“For example ...you will have plenty”可知,下文是对空处的举例说明,说明了春节吃鱼的寓意。故F项“传统食物在农历新年常常有另一层含义”符合本段语境。
13.选G 空处位于段尾,对本段进行总结。上文提到人们庆祝农历新年的方式不同,G选项“但所有的庆祝都是祝愿人人来年一切顺利”与上文构成转折关系,符合语境。
