UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT单元复习课件-2026版人教版选择性必修第一册

(共48张PPT)
高频词汇精讲
高频词汇 情景破
词汇 1 vital adj.必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的;维持生命所必需的
　　Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria...青蒿素已经成为疟疾治疗
的一个极其重要的部分…… (教材P2)
情景导学
There is no doubt that for any student who wants to make great progress, persistence is vital to/for
success.毫无疑问,对于任何一个想取得很大进步的学生来说,坚持不懈是成功的关键。
(写作·学习建议)
Languages play a vital role in ensuring cultural diversity and strengthening cooperation.语言在确
保文化多样性和加强合作方面起着至关重要的作用。
It's vital that you (should) mind your table manners when you go abroad. As a consequence, it is
vital for exchange students to learn more about local custom and culture in advance.当你出国时,
注意你的餐桌礼仪是很重要的。因此,对于交换生来说,提前更多地了解当地的风俗文化是
至关重要的。
(写作·餐桌文化)
用法归纳
①be of vital importance 至关重要
②be vital 　　 ... 对……极其重要
③It is vital (for...) 　 　 sth.(对……来说)做某事极其重要。
④It is vital that...……极其重要。(that从句的谓语用“　　　 　　 ”的形式,其中　　 可
以省略)
⑤play a vital part/role 　　 ...在……方面起着极其重要的作用
for/to　
to do
should+动词原形
should
in
　　Tu Youyou, a committed and patient scientist, was born in...屠呦呦,一位尽职尽责、有耐
心的科学家,生于…… (教材P2)
情景导学
In addition to her research, she has been whole-heartedly committed to environmental protection.
除了自己的研究,她还全身心地投入环保事业。
用法归纳
be committed 　　 (doing) sth.致力于(做)某事
词汇 2 committed adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的
to
词汇拓展
①commit vt.承诺;保证;做出(错的或非法的事);花(钱或时间) vi.忠于(某个人、机构等);全心
全意投入(工作、活动等)
commit oneself to sth./to doing sth./to do sth.某人承诺/保证做某事
commit a crime/a mistake犯罪/犯错
②commitment n.承诺;保证;奉献,献身,投入;花费,使用
one's commitment to...某人对……的奉献
make a commitment to...对……做出承诺
make a commitment to doing sth./to do sth.承诺做某事
In order to improve spoken English, the student committed himself to/made a commitment to
sparing one hour to practice it every day.为了提高英语口语水平,这个学生承诺每天抽出一个小时来练习。
In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering
a new treatment for malaria...1967年,中国政府组建了一支以发现治疗疟疾的新方法为目
标的科学家队伍…… (教材P2)
情景导学
As a father, not only does he care about my life, but he also inspires me to set an objective and
work hard to achieve it.作为一个父亲,他不仅关心我的生活,而且激励我设定一个目标并努力
实现它。
（写作·人物描写）
词汇 3 objective n.目标;目的 adj.客观的
用法归纳
①　　 an objective设定目标
②achieve/meet/accomplish/attain one's objective(s)达到/实现某人的目标
③an objective analysis/assessment/report客观的分析/评价/报告
词汇拓展
①subjective adj.主观的(objective的反义词)
②objectively adv.客观地
③object n.物体;目标;对象 v.反对;不赞成
object to sb./sth.反对/不赞成某人/某事
object to (sb.) doing...反对(某人)做……
Some people object to animal experiments. 一些人反对动物实验。
My parents object to me going to college out of our province.我父母反对我到外省去上大学。
④objection n.反对;异议
set
　　However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat.然而,屠呦呦不会承认失败。 (教材P2)
情景导学
　　They refused to acknowledge being defeated and hoped for a second chance to compete.他
们拒绝承认被打败,希望再有一次机会竞争。
It is widely/generally acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of overall qualities.人们普遍认为应该从综合素质的角度来评估学生。
The waters surrounding Antarctica were acknowledged as/to be a new ocean by the National
Geographic Society.南极洲周围的海域被美国国家地理学会承认为一个新的大洋。
词汇 4 acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢
用法归纳
①acknowledge 　　 sth.承认做某事
②acknowledge...　　　　　 ...承认……是……(常用被动形式)
③　　 (widely/generally) acknowledged that...人们(普遍)认为……
词汇拓展
acknowledgement n.承认;感谢
in acknowledgement of为感谢……
doing
as/to be
It is
　　Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to
make sure that it was safe.屠呦呦和她的团队成员甚至坚决要求在他们自己身上测试药物,以
确保它是安全的。 (教材P3)
情景导学
They simply insist on mutual(相互的)recognition and regard.他们只是坚持相互承认和尊重。
(2022全国乙)
　　The twins insisted on/upon making French toast and chicken porridge for their mother as a
Mother's Day surprise.这对双胞胎坚持要为母亲做法式吐司和鸡肉粥作为母亲节的惊喜。
（读后续写·母亲节的惊喜）
He insisted that he hadn’t stolen the money.他坚称他没有偷那笔钱。
The student union insists that every participant (should) arrive at the hall on time.学生会坚决要
求每个参与者按时到达大厅。 （写作·通知 ）
词汇 5 insist vi.& vt.坚持;坚决要求;坚持主张;坚持说,坚决认为
用法归纳
①insist 　　 (doing) sth. 坚决要求(做)某事;坚持(做)某事
②insist on sb./sb.'s doing sth.坚决要求某人做某事
③insist后接that引导的宾语从句时,如果意为“　　　 　　 ”,则从句用陈述语气,时态根
据表达的意思确定;如果意为“　　　　　 ”,则从句需用虚拟语气,从句谓语用
“　　 　　 ”的形式,其中should可以省略。
词汇拓展
insistence n.坚决要求;坚持
on/upon
坚持说,坚决认为
坚决要求
should+动词原形
　　Did you come to any conclusions 你得出什么结论了吗 (教材P4)
情景导学
In conclusion, I like everything there, especially the feelings of being bathed in sunshine.总之,我
喜欢那里的一切,尤其是沐浴在阳光下的感觉。 （读后续写·环境描写）
I draw the conclusion from my own experience that “where there is a will, there is a way.”我
从我自己的经历中得出结论:“有志者,事竟成。” （读后续写·人生感悟）
词汇 6 conclusion n.结论;推论;结束;结尾
用法归纳
①come to/arrive at/reach/　　　 the conclusion that...得出……的结论
②　　 conclusion最后;总之
③jump to conclusions草率地下结论
④bring the war to a conclusion结束战争
draw
in
词汇拓展
conclude v.断定;推断出;得出结论;(使)结束
conclude (from...) that... (从……中)得出……结论
conclude...(from...)(从……中)推断出……
conclude (sth.) with sth./by doing sth.以某事/以做某事结束(某事)
It is/was concluded that...结论是……
to conclude=in conclusion最后
What can we conclude from this passage 我们可以从这篇文章中推断出什么 (2021北京)
He concluded his speech with an old saying: “Friendship is a tree with good faith as roots and
goodwill as branches.”他以一句老话结束了他的演讲:“友谊是树,真诚为根,亲善为枝。”
It was concluded that there is no explanation for the existence of this gas in the clouds of Venus.结论是金星云层中这种气体的存在没有理由
　　Her circumstances are beyond our control.我们无法控制她的状况。 (教材P5)
情景导学
We learned the lesson from this experience: no matter what difficulties we encounter, under/in no
circumstances will we give up.我们从这次经历中吸取了教训:无论遇到什么困难,我们都决不
放弃。 （读后续写·结尾主题升华）
Under/In the circumstances, you'd better make a decision as quickly as possible.在这种情况下,
你最好尽快做出决定。
词汇 7 circumstance n.(常用复数)条件;环境;状况
用法归纳
①　　　 　　 决不,无论如何都不(位于句首时句子要用部分倒装)
②　　 the circumstances在这种情况下;既然这样
③under/in exceptional/certain circumstances在特殊/某些情况下
under/in no circumstances
under/in
　　While working there, out of a strong passion for knowledge, he continued to study, earning a
doctorate in physics in 1905.在那里工作期间,出于对知识的酷爱,他继续学习,于1905年获得
了物理学博士学位。 (教材P8)
情景导学
From their reactions, I feel that children have a great passion for winter sports.从他们的反应来
看,我觉得孩子们对冬季运动有着极大的热情。 (People's Daily)
词汇 8 passion n.酷爱;激情
用法归纳
①have a passion 　　 (doing)sth.对(做)某事充满热情
②out of a passion for...出于对……的热情
词汇拓展
①passionate adj.热情的;狂热的;酷爱的
be passionate about...酷爱……
We are passionate about traditional Chinese culture, which makes us fit to spread it to foreign-
ers.我们热爱中国传统文化,这让我们适合向外国人传播中国传统文化。
（写作·中国传统文化）
②passionately adv.狂热地
for
　　As a consequence, he had to flee Germany.结果,他只好逃离德国。 (教材P8)
情景导学
As a consequence of food waste, more environmental problems are caused.由于食物浪费,更多
的环境问题发生了。
（写作·食物浪费）
I carelessly got the plan ruined, and as a consequence, I had to take the consequences. 我不小心
把计划搞砸了,因此我必须承担后果。
词汇 9 consequence n.结果;后果;重要性
用法归纳
①as a consequence of(=in consequence of=as a result of)　　　　　　
②as a consequence(=in consequence=as a result)　　　　　　
③take the consequences 　　　　　　
④be of no consequence无关紧要
词汇拓展
①consequent adj.随之发生的
The warming of the Earth and the consequent climate change affect us all.地球变暖以及随之
而来的气候变化影响着我们所有人。
②consequently adv.因此;所以
因为;由于　
因此;结果
承担后果
　　Use your notes to write your introduction and sum up how you feel about this person.利用你
的笔记来写你的介绍,并总结你对这个人的感受如何。 (教材P9)
情景导学
Students are supposed to review as well as sum up what they have learned in time on a daily ba-
sis.学生应该每天及时复习和总结所学的知识。
（写作·学习策略）
To sum up/In sum, Mr. Smith is a respected man of many noble qualities.总而言之,史密斯先生
是一个受人尊敬的、有很多高尚品格的人。
（写作·人物描写）
The sum of 8 and 12 is 20. 8与12的和是20。
词汇10 sum vi.总结;概括 n.金额;款项;总数;总和
用法归纳
①sum 　　 概括;总结;估量,判断
②　　 sum up总之,总而言之
③　　 sum总之,总而言之
④the sum of A and B 　　　　
⑤the sum of+金钱 ……的金额
⑥a large sum of money 一大笔钱
up
to
in
A与B的和
词汇拓展
①summarize v.总结;概括;概述
to summarize总的说来
②summary n.总结;概括;概要 adj.总结性的;概括的;从速从简的,草草的
in summary总之
In summary/To summarize, if we are to change our life, it's vital that we should begin with
small things.总之,如果我们想改变生活,重要的是我们应该从小事开始。 (写作·结尾)
高频词汇积累
词汇 释义 用法& 拓展
crucial adj.至关重要的;关键性的 be crucial to growth对成长是至关重要的(2023新课标Ⅱ)
academic adj.学业的;学术的 an academic year一个学年academic degree/qualifications学位/学历
academy n.(某一领域的)研究院,学会;专科院校
academically adv.学术上
distinct adj.清晰的;明显的;清楚的;有区别的 be distinct from与……有区别
a distinct visual contrast鲜明的视觉反差(2023全国乙)
distinctly adv.明显地;清楚地
distinction n.区别;差别;对比;优秀;特质
boil vt.& vi.(使)沸腾;煮开;烧开 n.沸腾;沸点 辨析:boiled water指的是煮开过的水(可指凉开水),而boiling water指的是正在沸腾的水
obtain vt.(尤指经努力)获得;赢得vi.
(规章、习俗等)存在;流行(生
义) obtain advice/information/permission得到忠告/信息/许可
The custom still obtains in some districts.
这种风俗在某些地区仍然流行。
defeat n.失败;挫败vt.击败;战胜;难
倒 admit defeat承认失败
a narrow/heavy defeat惜败/惨败
defeat the enemy打败敌人
analyse/ analyze vt.分析 analyse the data分析数据
analysis(pl. analyses) n.分析
apparently adv.显而易见;看来;显然 Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.明星们显然不遵循体育精神的这个基本原则。(2019北京)
apparent adj.明显的;显而易见的
It's apparent (to sb.) that...(对某人来说)很明显……
novel n.(长篇)小说adj.新颖的;与众不同的(生义) write/publish/read a novel创作/发表/阅读长篇小说
a novel feature新特征
novelist n.小说家
found vt.创建;建立;把……建立在 found a club/company创办一个俱乐部/公司
be founded on/upon...建立在……的基础上(=be based on...)
注意:found还是find(发现)的过去式和过去分词;found表示“创建”时,其过去式及过去分词为founded—founded。
founder n.创建者;创始人
foundation n.建立;创办;基础;地基
infer vt.推断;推定;暗示 注意:infer的过去式及过去分词为inferred—inferred。
What can be inferred from the last paragraph 从最后一段可以推断出什么 (2023全国甲)
inference n.推断的结果;结论
gradually adv.逐渐地;逐步地 You'll then gradually become more patient.然后你就会逐渐变得更有耐心。(2023全国甲)
gradual adj.逐渐的
come to power (开始)掌权;上台(表动作) (be) in power执政(表状态)The government has been in power for two years.
=The government came to power two years ago.
该政府执政两年了。
remarkable adj.非凡的;显著的;引人注目的 be remarkable for...因……而引人注目
remark vt.& vi.谈论;评论 n.言论;谈论;引人注目
remarkably adv.不同寻常地;惊人地
经典结构 情景破
结构 1 It strikes sb.+that...某人突然意识到……
It struck him that the other Chinese men in the photo apparently did not care about what was hap-
pening to their fellow countrymen.他突然意识到照片中其他的中国人显然并不在乎他们的同
胞的遭遇。 (教材P4)
结构拓展
①it hits/occurs to sb. that... 某人突然想到……
It hit/occurred to me that traditional culture like tea culture was of great charm and huge value.
我突然想到传统文化,如茶文化,具有巨大的魅力和极大的价值。（写作·传统文化）
②sth. strikes/hits/occurs to sb.某人突然想到某事
Making and selling popcorn struck/hit/occurred to John, which would help those poor families.
约翰突然想到制作和销售爆米花,这会帮助那些贫穷的家庭。
He made numerous contributions to the world, the most well-known being the general theory of
relativity and the famous formula E=mc2.他为世界做出了很多贡献,最著名的是广义相对论和
著名的公式E=mc2。 (教材P8)
情景导学
Dad looked at me, (with) tears welling up in his eyes.爸爸看着我,热泪盈眶。
（读后续写·动作和神态描写）
Homework finished, the boy went to bed.家庭作业做完后,这个男孩上床睡觉了。
Here are the first two chapters, the third to come out next year.这是前两章,第三章明年出版。
Nervous and worried, she began to pace up and down in the room, (with) her hands crossed.她又
紧张又担心,双手交叉,开始在房间里踱来踱去。 （读后续写·动作和情绪描写）
结构 2 独立主格结构
He put on his socks in a hurry, wrong side out!他匆匆忙忙地穿上袜子,结果穿反了!
The little girl entered the room,her face red with cold.小女孩走进房间,脸冻红了。
Dark clouds in the sky,it is going to rain soon.天空乌云密布,很快就要下雨了。
（读后续写·天气描写）
Many people come to visit the city, most of them foreigners.很多人来参观这个城市,其中大多
数是外国人。
（写作·旅游）
用法归纳
　　①独立主格结构可由“逻辑主语(名词或代词)+非谓语动词(现在分词/过去分词/动词不
定式)”构成,　　　　　 表示动词与其逻辑主语为主动关系或动作正在进行,　　　　
表示动词与其逻辑主语为被动关系或动作已经完成,　　　　　 表示动作将要发生。
②独立主格结构还可由“逻辑主语+介词短语/　 　 /　 　 /副词”构成。
③独立主格结构与句子其他部分用逗号隔开,在句中一般作　　 ,常表示时间、原因、条
件、方式或伴随等。
④with的复合结构也可看作独立主格结构的一种(一般可在独立主格结构前直接加上with,就
构成了with的复合结构)。
现在分词
过去分词
动词不定式　
形容词
名词
状语
　　He had a thick moustache and long white hair, which sometimes stood on end as though he
had just received an electric shock.他胡须浓密,头发又长又白,有时会像刚遭了电击似的竖起
来。 (教材P8)
情景导学
The meat tastes as though/if it has already gone bad.这肉尝起来好像已经坏了。
It looked as though/if she'd had some bad news.她看上去好像有什么坏消息似的。(实际上没
有坏消息)
They are shaking with fear, as though/if something is going to happen.他们害怕得发抖,好像要
发生什么事。
结构 3 as though/if引导从句
He opened his mouth as though/if he would say something.他张开嘴好像要说什么。(实际上不
想说)
　　By doing this, we can form a closer relationship with our customers as though/if they were
our neighbors or relatives.通过这样做,我们可以与客户建立更密切的关系,就像他们是我们的
邻居或亲戚一样。(实际上不是邻居或亲戚) (2020浙江1月)
用法归纳
　　①as though/if引导状语从句或表语从句时,若表示的情况与客观事实相符,用　　　　
;若表示的情况与客观事实不相符或相反,则用　　　　　 。
②as though/if引导状语从句或表语从句时,若从句表示与现在事实相反的情况,从句用　　
　　　　　 (be动词常用　　 );若表示与过去事实相反的情况,从句用　　　　　 ;若
表示与将来事实相反的情况,从句谓语常用“would/could/might+动词原形”。
陈述语气
虚拟语气
一般过去时
were
过去完成时
Sentence 1
长难句 图解
译文　本年度的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖已授予屠呦呦(得主之一),她的研究使青蒿素这种至关重要的新型抗疟疾药物被发现。
非限制性定语从句　
同位语
Sentence 2
　
译文　1967年,中国政府组建了一支以发现治疗疟疾的新方法为目标的科学家队伍,屠呦呦是首批入选的研究员之一。
后置定语　
两个并列分句　
后置定语　
Sentence 3
　　
译文　从他们的研究中,他们发现并测试了380种不同的有望战胜疟疾的古代中医疗法。
定语从句
Sentence 4


译文　他胡须浓密,头发又长又白,有时会像刚遭了电击似的竖起来。
非限制性定语从句　
方式状语从句
非限制性定语从句
一、非限制性定语从句的作用
情景导学
Wang, who is often in dangerous situations, is also a judo(柔道) master.王先生也是一位柔道大
师, 他经常处于危险的境地。 (2021新高考Ⅱ)
　　Peter, whose mother is in hospital, will take a few days off to look after her.彼得的母亲住
院了,他要请几天假来照顾她。
　　Yesterday Jimmy left for Canada, where he would stay for two years.昨天吉米出发去加拿
大了,他将在那里待两年。
　　We will put off the meeting until next week, when we won’t be so busy.我们将把会议推迟到下周,那时我们就不这么忙了。
必备语法 情景破
用法归纳
　　非限制性定语从句只是对①　　 的补充、解释或附加说明,即使去掉,主句的意思仍
然完整。它与主句之间一般用②　　 分开,常常翻译成与主句并列的句子。
二、非限制性定语从句的关系词
情景导学
My brother enjoys playing basketball, which he really plays well.我哥哥喜欢打篮球,他打得非常好。
He said he had passed the exam, which made him very happy.他说他通过了考试,这让他非常开心。
She is an extraordinary girl, whom/who teachers often praise in class.她是一个出色的女孩,老师经常在课堂上表扬她。
As is known to all, fish can't live without water.众所周知,鱼离开水无法生存。
Here are the questions, some of which I think are difficult for you.问题都在这儿,我认为其中一些对你来说太难了。
先行词
逗号　
用法归纳
　　在非限制性定语从句中:
1.先行词指人,关系词在定语从句中作主语时用who,作宾语时用③　　 或who(位于介词后
面时,只能用whom)。
2.先行词指物,关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语时用④　　 。
3.先行词指代整个主句的内容或主句中的部分内容,关系词用which或as(as、which引导非限
制性定语从句的区别见三)
4.先行词指物或指人,关系词在定语从句中作定语时用whose。
5.先行词是表示时间的名词,关系词在定语从句中作时间状语时用when。
6.先行词是表示地点的名词,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语时用where。
7.一些数词或代词如all、some、one、both、neither、none、any、either等可与of一起修饰
whom
which
关系代词,常用来引导非限制性定语从句,关系代词指人时用⑤　　 ,指物时用⑥　　 ,不
可以用that。
三、as、which引导非限制性定语从句的区别
情景导学
As you can see, he did it much better than I.如你所见,他做得比我好得多。
Light, as we know, travels faster than sound.正如我们所知道的,光的传播速度比声音的传播速
度快。
He invited me to dinner, which made me very happy.他请我吃饭,这使我很高兴。
I may have to work late, in which case I‘ll telephone.我可能得工作到很晚,那样的话我会打电话的。
He graduated from a local high school, after which he went to Peking University.他毕业于当地的一所高中,之后他去了北京大学。
whom　　
which　
用法归纳
1.在引导非限制性定语从句时,as常译为“⑦　　 ”;which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰整
个主句时,常译为“这,那”。
2.as引导的非限制性定语从句可位于主句 ⑧　　 、之中或之后,而which引导的非限制性
定语从句不能位于主句之前。
3.which在定语从句中可以作定语或介词的⑨　　 ,而as不能。
特别提醒
1.as引导非限制性定语从句时,常用于下列固定结构中:as is expected(不出所料),as is men-
tioned above(正如上面所提到的),as we all know/as is known to all(众所周知),as is reported(正
如所报道的),as is often the case(这是常有的事),as has been said before(如上所述)等。
2.限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别:
正如
之前　
宾语　
区别 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
作用不同 说明的是先行词必不可少的情况 对先行词进行补充说明
形式不同 关系词和先行词通常不用逗号分开 关系词和先行词通常用逗号分开
先行词不同 只能是名词或代词 可以是名词或代词,也可以是整个主句或主句的一部分
关系词不同 可用that;关系代词作宾语可省略 不用that;关系代词作宾语不可省略
翻译不同 译作定语,常译为“……的” 从句可译作与主句并列的句子
四、使用非限制性定语从句应注意的问题
情景导学
The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, that(×)/
which(√) is about five miles longer than the marathon.夏季奥运会上最长的田径项目是50公里
竞走,它比马拉松长约5英里。 (2020全国Ⅰ)
I have told him the reason, why(×)/for which(√) I missed the early bus.我已经告诉了他原因,为
此我没赶上早班车。
He is very outgoing, which is known to us all in our company.他非常外向,这是我们公司的人都
知道的。
用法归纳
1.非限制性定语从句不能用⑩　　 引导。
2.非限制性定语从句不能用why引导,要用 　　　　　 代替why。
3.非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是整个主句的内容,这时从句谓语动词要用 　　　 形式。
that
for hich
单数
即时巩固讲
单句语法填空
1.(2023新课标Ⅱ)It just happened that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot,
Karen, 　　　　 offered to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.
2.(2023浙江1月)As you make your lifestyle changes, you may find yourself wanting to speak up
for yourself if others comment on what you're doing, 　　　　 can turn itself into a whole
household debate.
3.　　　　 is expected, he won the game. We were all happy for him.
4.He wrote many children's books, nearly half of 　　　　 were published in the 1990s.
5.The scientists designed experiments, 　　　　 goal was to prove whether plants could learn,
an idea that seemed impossible.
who
which
As
which
whose
6.He is a man of great knowledge, from 　　　　 much can be learned.
7.His interest started a few years ago, 　　　　 he was in college and was studying wildlife
science.
8.I climbed to the top of the hill with my friend, 　　　　 we had a good view of the lake.
whom
when
where