UNIT 4 BODY LANGUAGE单元复习课件-2026版人教版选择性必修第一册

(共56张PPT)
高频词汇精讲
词汇 1 vary vi.(根据情况)变化;改变
高频词汇 情景破
　　Just like spoken language, body language varies from culture to culture.就像口语一样,肢体
语言随文化的不同而有所变化。 (教材P38)
情景导学
Prices vary with the quality.价格随质量变化。
In my class the students vary in height from 150 cm to 170 cm.在我的班上,学生的身高从150厘
米到170厘米不等。
用法归纳
①vary from A　　 B从A到B不等(=vary between A and B);因……而异
②vary　　 随……变化
③vary　　 在……方面不同
词汇拓展
①various adj.各种各样的
②variety n.变化;多样化;不同种类;品种
a variety of=varieties of各种各样的……
The Sanxingdui Ruins site can help to explain how a variety of/varieties of /various cultures
communicate and mix together.三星堆遗址有助于解释各种文化是如何交流和融合的。 (21st Century)
③varied adj.各种各样的;变化的;多变的
④variable adj.多变的;易变的;可变的
to　
with
in
　　In other countries, by contrast, eye contact is not always approved of.相反,在另一些国家,眼
神交流并不总是被认可。 (教材P38)
情景导学
I hope you will approve of my ideas and look forward to your reply.我希望您会赞成我的想法,
期待您的回复。 （写作·建议信 ）
She doesn't approve of me/my leaving school this year.她不同意我今年离校。
词汇 2 approve vi.赞成;同意 vt.批准;通过
用法归纳
①approve 　　 ...赞成/同意……
②approve of sb./sb.'s 　　 sth.同意某人做某事
of　
doing
词汇拓展
①approval n.赞成;同意;批准;认可
win one's approval赢得某人的赞同
meet with sb.'s approval得到某人的赞成
in approval同意地
I hope my suggestions will meet with your approval.我希望你会赞同我的建议。（写作·建议信 ）
②approving adj.赞成的;同意的
She was eager to win her father's approval,and he gave her an approving nod.她渴望赢得父亲
的赞同,父亲向她点头表示同意。
③disapprove vi.不赞成;反对
　　In Japan, someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means
money.在日本,有人看到另一个人使用这个手势可能会以为它的意思是钱。 (教材P38)
情景导学
The neighborhood witnessed a poorly-dressed boy selling popcorn from door to door. 邻居们目
睹了一个衣衫褴褛的男孩挨家挨户地卖爆米花。 （读后续写·场景描写）
The police are looking for witnesses to the accident.警方正在寻找那起事故的目击者。
Your success in the competition is(a) witness to your hard work.你在比赛中的成功是你努力工
作的见证。 （写作·祝贺信 ）
词汇 3 witness vt.当场看到;目击;见证n.目击者;证人
用法归纳
①witness sb. 　　 sth.看到某人正在做某事
②be (a) witness 　　 sth.是某事的目击者/见证
③a witness/witnesses to...罪案或事故的目击者
④bear/give witness to...为……作证
特别提醒
在动词witness、see前可用表示时间或地点的名词作主语, 表示“某事发生在某时或某地”,
这是一种拟人化的修辞手法, 用来增添语言的表达色彩。
Every spring witnesses/sees a large number of migratory birds flying north and returning to
Qinghai Lake.每年春天,大量的候鸟北迁,重返青海湖。
doing　
to
In Japan, someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means
money.在日本,有人看到另一个人使用这个手势可能会以为它的意思是钱。 (教材P38)
情景导学
For the past three years,he has been employed as a firefighter.在过去的三年里,他一直受雇当消
防员。
The boss employed an assistant to help him with his work.老板雇用了一位助理来帮助处理他
的工作。
I had fun trying all the camping equipment and Mom was employed in chatting happily with the
kind family.我很高兴地试用了所有的露营装备,而妈妈忙着和那善良的一家人愉快地聊天。
（读后续写·场景描写）

词汇 4 employ vt.使用;应用;雇用
用法归纳
①employ sb. 　　 sth.雇用某人做某事
②employ sb. 　　 ...雇用某人担任……
③employ sth. to do sth.利用某物来做某事
④be employed 　　 (doing) sth.忙于(做)某事
词汇拓展
①employer n.雇主
Her former employer was out of business.她以前的雇主破产了。 (2022浙江1月)
②employee n.雇员;受雇者
③employment n.职业;工作;使用;就业;雇用
Summer Employment Opportunities夏季就业机会 (2019全国Ⅰ)
④unemployment n.失业;失业人数;没有工作
⑤unemployed adj.失业的;待业的;下岗的
to do
as
in
　　Even the gestures we use for “yes” and “no” differ around the world.甚至我们用来表
示“是”和“不是”的姿势在世界各地也不同。(教材P38)
情景导学
How do boys differ from girls in puzzle play 在智力游戏中男孩和女孩有什么不同 (2020全国Ⅱ)
The paintings differ in size, but not in kind.这些画大小各异,但类型相同。
The two sides still differ with each other about/on/over the pay.关于报酬问题,双方仍然意见相左。
词汇 5 differ vi.相异;不同于
用法归纳
①differ 　　 sb./sth.与某人/某物不同
②differ 　　 ...在……方面不同
③differ 　　 sb. 　　　　　 sth.关于某事物与某人有不同看法
from　
in
with
on/about/over
词汇拓展
①difference n.差异;不同
make a/no/some difference (to/in sb./sth.)(对某人/某事物)有/没有/有些影响
tell the difference between A and B分辨A和B之间的不同
But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference 但一根塑料吸管或一个塑料杯真
的有影响吗 (2021全国乙)
②different adj.不同的;有区别的
be different from...与……不同
③differently adv.不同地
④indifferent adj.不感兴趣的;漠不关心的
　　Elsewhere, people favour shaking hands, bowing from the waist, or nodding the head when
they meet someone else.在其他地方,人们见到其他人时选择握手、弯腰鞠躬或点头。 (教
材P38)
情景导学
The employer favoured his employees increasing efficiency and avoiding working overtime.雇主
希望他的雇员提高效率,避免加班。
I ' m writing to ask you to do me a favour.我写信来请你帮我一个忙。（写作·求助信）
The evidence is in our favour at the moment.目前证据对我们有利。
He boiled with anger when hearing most of them weren ' t in favour of his opinion.当听到他们大
多数人不赞成他的意见时,他勃然大怒。（读后续写·情绪描写）
词汇 6 favo(u)r vt.较喜欢;选择;有利于 n.帮助;恩惠;赞同
用法归纳
①favour (sb.)　　 sth.较喜欢(某人)做某事;选择(让某人)做某事
②　　 sb. a favour帮某人一个忙
③ask sb. a favour请求某人帮忙
④in favour 　　 sb./sth.赞同某人/某事;支持某人/某事
⑤　　 sb.'s favour对某人有利
⑥owe sb. a favour欠某人一个人情
词汇拓展
①favo(u)rite adj.特别受喜爱的;最喜欢的n.特别喜爱的人(或事物)
②favo(u)rable adj.赞同的;有利的
doing
do
of
in
　　A smile can break down barriers.微笑可以消除隔阂。 (教材P39)
情景导学
Your health will break down if you work too hard.如果你工作太卖命,你的身体会垮掉的。
The printers are always breaking down.打印机老是出故障。
It takes hundreds of years for plastic to break down, but much less time for paper.塑料需要数百
年才能分解,而纸的分解时间要短得多。
The feeling of being able to see it and to form my opinion is like breaking down another wall as a
blind person. 作为一个盲人,能够看到它并形成我的观点的感觉就像推倒了另一堵墙。
(2022浙江)
词汇 7 break down消除;分解;打破
用法归纳
break down可表示“(身体)　　 ;(机器) 　　 ; 　　 ; 　 　 ;消除; 划分; (谈判)失败;情不自禁地哭起来”。
词汇拓展
①break up粉碎;分拆,分解;破裂;散开;(学校)期终放假
They broke the big company up into several smaller ones.他们把这家大公司分拆成几家较小
的公司。
②break in破门而入;打断
③break out(战争、火灾、打斗等)爆发
④break off使折断;突然终止
⑤break through冲破;取得突破;克服;战胜
⑥break into强行闯入;突然开始做
垮掉
出故障
分解
撞倒
特别提醒
break down和break up都可以表示“分解”。break up表示物理上的分解;break down表示化
学上的分解。
　　With their chins on their hands, they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up
at the ceiling.他们用手托着下巴,全神贯注地盯着窗外或仰望天花板。 (教材P44)
情景导学
Mom occupied herself (in) doing the dishes after dinner.
晚饭后妈妈忙于洗碗。
Last week, we all occupied ourselves with the programme“Labor is the most glorious”.
上周, 我们都忙于“劳动最光荣”这个活动安排。(写作·参加公益活动)
词汇 8 occupy vt.占据;占用(空间、面积、时间等);使忙于
用法归纳
①occupy sb./oneself (　　 ) doing sth.使某人/自己忙于做某事
②occupy sb./oneself　　 ...使某人/自己忙于……
③occupy sb.'s mind/thoughts/attention占据某人的脑海/思想/注意力
词汇拓展
①occupied adj.忙于
be occupied (in) doing/with sth.忙于做某事
The students are occupied in preparing for the festival.那些学生忙于为这个节日做准备。
②常见的表示“忙于做某事”的词组还有“be busy doing/with sth.”“be engaged in/on sth.”。
③occupation n.[C]工作;业余活动;[U]侵占
in
with
　　While it is easy to perceive when students are interested, bored, or distracted, it is sometimes
much harder to distinguish when students are troubled.尽管学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时
感到无聊或精力不集中是容易察觉的,但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。 (教材P44)
情景导学
Yuan Longping distinguished himself as an agricultural scientist.袁隆平作为农业科学家而享有
盛名。（写作·钦佩的人）
They can even distinguish their mother's voice from that of a female stranger.它们甚至能分辨出
母亲的声音和陌生雌性的声音。
Dogs may indeed be able to distinguish between happy and angry human faces, according to a new
study.根据一项新的研究,狗狗可能确实能够分辨出快乐和愤怒的人脸。(2021浙江)
词汇 9 distinguish vi.& vt.区分; 辨别 vt.使有别于;使著名
用法归纳
①distinguish 　　 A and B 区分A和B
②distinguish A 　 　 B 区分A和B;使A有别于B
③distinguish oneself 　 　 ...作为……出名
词汇拓展
①distinguished adj.卓越的,著名的;高贵的
be distinguished for因……而出名
The Chinese nation is distinguished for its diligence and courage.中华民族以勤劳和勇敢著称。
②distinguishable adj.可区分的
between　
from
as
　　Students who are angry, afraid, or experiencing anxiety may have their arms crossed in front
of their chests and their legs closed or crossed, like they are guarding their bodies.感到生气、害
怕或者焦虑的学生可能会双臂交叉放在胸前,他们的腿并拢或交叉,就像他们在保护自己的
身体一样。 (教材P44)
情景导学
From his eyes we can see his anxiety to take part in the match.从他的眼中我们能看到他对参与
比赛的渴望。（读后续写·神态描写）
In order to remove her anxiety about the exam, the teacher advised her to be exposed to some en-
tertainment.为了消除她对考试的焦虑,老师建议她接触一些娱乐活动。
词汇10 anxiety n.焦虑;担心;害怕;渴望
用法归纳
①the/one's anxiety 　　 sth.(某人)对做某事的渴望
②the/one's anxiety 　　 /over sth.(某人)对某事物的焦虑
③people's anxiety for peace人们对和平的渴望
词汇拓展
①anxious adj.焦虑的,担心的;渴望的
be anxious that...渴望……(从句用虚拟语气,谓语用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略)
I'm anxious that we (should) allow plenty of time.我殷切希望我们能留出充裕的时间。
②anxiously adv.焦急地;忧虑地
to do
about
　　They may also hide their faces in their hands like they are embarrassed or ashamed.他们还
可能用手掩着脸,表现出尴尬或羞愧的样子。 (教材P44)
情景导学
He was still embarrassed about/at what he had done.他仍对他所做的事感到尴尬。
Don't be afraid or embarrassed to discuss something that is bothering you.不要害怕讨论困扰你
的事情或为此感到尴尬。 (2020新高考Ⅱ)
词汇11 embarrassed adj.难堪的;尴尬的
用法归纳
①be embarrassed　　 sth.对某事感到尴尬
②be embarrassed　　 sth.对做某事感到尴尬
about/at
to do
词汇拓展
①embarrass v.使窘迫,使尴尬
②embarrassing adj.使人害羞的(或难堪的、惭愧的)
Miss Li found herself in an embarrassing position where she didn't know which side to support.
李小姐发现自己处于一个尴尬的境地,她不知道该支持哪一边。
（读后续写·心理描写）
③embarrassment n.窘迫;愧疚;难堪
with embarrassment由于尴尬
(much) to one's embarrassment使某人(十分)尴尬的是
His face was burning with embarrassment.他的脸因尴尬而发烫。（读后续写·神态描写）
They may also hide their faces in their hands like they are embarrassed or ashamed.他们还可能
用手掩着脸,就像他们感到尴尬或羞愧一样。 (教材P44)
情景导学
I was ashamed that no one in the class supported the decision.令我尴尬的是,班上没有一个人支
持这个决定。
I was often ashamed of my shortcomings,mistakes and failures. But after all these things,now I
am not ashamed to admit my weaknesses.我过去常常为自己的缺点、错误和失败感到羞愧,但
经历了所有这些事以后,现在我并不羞于承认自己的弱点。 （读后续写·主旨升华）
词汇12 ashamed adj.羞愧;惭愧;羞于
用法归纳
①be ashamed 　　 ...为……感到惭愧/羞愧/尴尬
②be ashamed 　　 sth.羞于做某事;因惭愧而不情愿做某事
③be ashamed 　　 ...感到惭愧/羞愧/尴尬的是……
词汇拓展
①shame n.羞耻;羞愧;惭愧;让人遗憾的事
to one's shame让某人感到羞愧/惭愧的是
What a shame!真遗憾!
It's a shame that...……让人遗憾。
It is a shame that my plan hasn't been approved.真遗憾,我的计划没有得到批准。
②shameful adj.可耻的;丢脸的
shameful behaviour可耻的行为
of
to do
That
易混辨析
ashamed 常用于修饰人,只能用作表语,不能作定语修饰名词
shameful 常用于修饰人的行为,既能作表语,又能作定语
　　
However, if a student does not bother to brush her hair and her eyes are red from weeping,
then I can infer that there are deeper issues at work.但是,要是学生都懒得梳头,并且两眼因哭泣
而发红,那么我能够推断她遇到了更严重的问题。 (教材P44)
情景导学
Don't bother to look/looking for my dictionary; it will turn up some day.别费心找我的字典了;总
有一天它会出现的。
I don ' t want to bother her with/about my problems at the moment.我此刻不想让她为我的事操心。
Why bother going/to go abroad when there are so many places of interest in China 中国有那么多名胜古迹,为什么还要费事去外国呢
词汇13 bother vi.& vt.费心;麻烦;因……操心; (使)担心,(使)苦恼 n.麻烦;不便;令人烦恼的人/事
用法归纳
①not bother 　　　　　 sth.不要费心做某事;懒得做某事
②bother sb.　　　　　 sth.使某人为某事烦恼
③Why bother 　　　　 　 sth. 为什么花费时间/精力做某事呢
④not bother with/about small things懒得操心小事
⑤can't be bothered to do small things懒得去做小事
⑥It bothers sb. to do sth./that...做某事使某人苦恼/使某人苦恼的是……
to do/doing
with/about
doing/to do
　　Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities...他们的肢体语言让我知
道什么时候调整课堂活动…… (教材P44)
情景导学
My parents had trouble adjusting to living in the city.我父母不习惯住在城市。
Knowing that you have difficulty in adjusting yourself to your new high school life, I have some
advice you can take.知道你在适应新的高中生活方面有困难,我有一些建议你可以采纳。
（写作·建议信）
词汇14 adjust vt.调整;调节 vi.& vt.适应;(使)习惯
用法归纳
①adjust 　　 (doing) sth.适应(做)某事
②adjust oneself 　　 ...使自己适应……
词汇拓展
①adjustment n.调整;调节;适应
make adjustments to the design对设计做出调整
one's adjustment to new life某人对新生活的适应
②adjustable adj.可调整的;可调节的
to
to
词汇 释义 用法& 拓展
by contrast 相比之下 in contrast
by/in contrast to/with和……形成对比
by comparison (与……)相比较 by/in comparison (with...)(和……)相比较
anger n.愤怒; 怒气 vt.使生气; 激怒 in anger愤怒地
be filled with/full of anger满腔怒火
angry adj.生气的
be angry at/with sb.对某人生气/发怒
be angry at/about/over sth.因某事生气/发怒
angrily adv.愤怒地; 生气地
高频词汇积累
reliable adj.可靠的;可信赖的 unreliable adj.不可靠的,不能信赖的
The evidence was unreliable.证据不可靠。(2021浙江1月)
rely vi.依靠;依赖;信赖
assess vt.评估;评价 assess the volunteers' memory
评估志愿者的记忆力(2020浙江)
assessment n.评价;评定
形近词:access n.通道;(使用或见到的)权利,机会 v.到达,
进入;访问,存取
bend(bent, bent) vt.& vi. (使)弯曲; 倾斜; 偏向 n.弯道(生义) bend down弯腰
in other words 换句话说; 也就是说 that is to say
tendency n.趋势;倾向 a tendency to/towards sth.……的趋势
a tendency to do sth.做某事的倾向/趋势
tend v.往往会;倾向;照顾
stare vi.盯着看;凝视 n.凝视 stare at盯着看;凝视;注视
call on(=call upon) (短暂地)访问;要求(某人讲话等); 正式邀请 call on/upon sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事
When called upon to read, Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.当克里斯被要求朗读时,他总是找借口去洗手间。(2019全国Ⅰ)
conflict n.矛盾;冲突 vi.冲突;抵触 the conflict between A and B A与B之间的矛盾
come into conflict with...与……发生矛盾
react vi.(对……)起反应;回应;(对食物等)有不良反应 react to...对……起反应/回应……
reaction n.反应;回应
经典结构 情景破
　　And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a
good friend.并且如果我们正感到沮丧或孤独,没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。
(教材P39)
情景导学
To me, there's nothing better than cross-cultural afternoon tea of English biscuits and Chinese tea.
对我来说, 没有什么比英式饼干搭配中式茶这种跨文化下午茶更好的了。
There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for his friends.没有比为朋友
献出生命的人的爱更伟大的了。（读后续写·主旨升华）
I've never seen a nicer man than him.我从没见过比他还友好的男士。
结构 1 “否定词+比较级” 表示最高级
用法归纳
“否定词+比较级”表示　 　 意义。常用于此结构的否定词有　　 、
　　 、 　 、not、nobody、hardly等。
最高级
nothing
no
never
　　So if a student has his head lowered to look at his watch, it implies he is bored and just
counting the minutes for the class to end.因此,如果一个学生低下头看表,这意味着他很无聊,只
是在数着分钟等下课。(教材P44)
情景导学
He's had his hair cut at the barber's.他已经在理发店理过发了。
He had his watch stolen the other day.几天前他的手表被偷了。
This actor often has the first two tricks planned before performing, and then goes for whatever.这
个演员经常在表演前就计划好了前两招,然后就选择任意发挥。 (2020 江苏)
结构 2 have sth. done结构
用法归纳
　　have sth. done表示“使某事被完成”,宾语(sth.)与宾补(done)之间是　　 关系。具体
可以表达三种意思:①主语请别人完成某事;②主语和别人一起完成某事;③主语“遭遇某种
不幸的事情”。
被动
With their chins on their hands, they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the
ceiling.他们用手托着下巴,全神贯注地盯着窗外或仰望天花板。 (教材P44)
情景导学
With so much work to do, I can't go with you.有这么多工作要做,我不能跟你去。
She was very nervous with her classmates staring at her.同学们都盯着她看,她感到很紧张。
With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business.一切准备就绪,伯纳德就开始了
他的新生意。 (2020新高考Ⅰ)
I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach.我站在门口,心里七上八下的。
（读后续写·心理描写 ）
结构 3 with的复合结构
用法归纳
　　介词with可接复合宾语,构成with的复合结构,即“with+宾语+宾补”。该结构在句中通
常作状语,表示伴随、时间、原因等。其常见形式有:
①with+宾语+　 　 (表示主动或正在进行的动作)
②with+宾语+过去分词(表示被动或已完成的动作)
③with+宾语+　　 (表示将来的动作)
④with+宾语+　　
⑤with+宾语+　　
⑥with+宾语+副词
现在分词
不定式
形容词
介词短语
Sentence 1


长难句 图解
译文　关键的事情是以一种适合你所处的文化的方式来使用肢体语言。
定语从句
Sentence 2
　
译文　在日本,有人看到另一个人使用这个手势可能会以为它的意思是钱。
宾语从句
Sentence 3
译文　差异还表现在我们彼此接触的方式,我们与谈话对象的距离远近,以及我们见面或分别时的行为举止。
时间状语从句　
Sentence 4
　

译文　尽管学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中是容易察觉的,但要发现学生们何时有困扰有时会难得多。
让步状语从句
宾语从句
Sentence 5

译文　感到生气、害怕或者焦虑的学生可能会双臂交叉放在胸前,双腿合拢或者交叉,就像他们在保护自己的身体一样。
动词-ing形式作宾语和表语
一、动词-ing形式作宾语
作宾语的动词-ing形式为动名词。
1.动名词作动词的宾语
情景导学
　　Maria bent her head to avoid being recognized.玛丽亚垂下头,避免被人认出。
Would you mind not talking all the time 请你别老是说话好吗
Would you mind my/me using your telescope 你介意我用一下你的望远镜吗
He couldn't help laughing as soon as he saw Mary.他一看见玛丽,就情不自禁地笑了起来。
They have to put off having a match because of the bad weather.由于天气不好,他们不得不推迟比赛。
必备语法 情景破
用法归纳
(1)有的动词只能接动名词作宾语, 不能接不定式。这些常用动词及记忆口诀见下表:
　　
此外,consider、dislike、fancy、appreciate、favour、permit、resist、admit、mention、quit、
can't help、put off、feel like、give up等也接动名词作宾语。
(2)动名词作宾语的否定式是在其前面直接加①　　 。
(3)动名词的被动式为being done。
not
特别提醒
有时因为表达的需要,作宾语的动名词需要带上它的逻辑主语,构成动名词的复合结构,通常
由“形容词性物主代词/人称代词宾格/名词所有格/名词的普通格+动名词”构成。
2.动名词作介词的宾语
情景导学
We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term.我们正考虑为下学期制订一个新的计划。
With many reference materials in hand, he got down to writing his graduation thesis.手头有许多
参考资料,他开始写毕业论文。
用法归纳
　　动名词可以用作介词的宾语。接动名词作宾语的含有介词的短语有think of/about、
dream of/about、prevent/keep/stop...from...、set about、succeed in、insist on、be/get used
to、devote...to...、have difficulty in、get down to、keep on、pay attention to、look forward
to、be good at、be interested in、be fond of、be tired of、be afraid of、feel like、instead of、
be accustomed to、come close to、stick to、lead to、object to等。
3.动名词作宾语和不定式作宾语的比较
情景导学1
The snow continued falling/to fall all afternoon.这场雪整整一下午都下个不停。
用法归纳1
　　有的动词后面既可接动名词作宾语也可接不定式作宾语,且两者意义差别②　　 。这
类动词有like、love、begin、start、continue。
情景导学2
Please remember to give my regards to your family.请记着代我向你的家人问好。
I still remember visiting the museum for the first time.我仍记得第一次参观该博物馆的情景。
不大
用法归纳2
　　有些动词或固定搭配后面也是既可接动名词作宾语也可接不定式作宾语,但两者意义差
别③　　 。常见的这类动词或固定搭配有:
动词/固定搭配 宾语的形式 意义
forget to do 忘记要去做……
doing 忘记做过……
remember to do 记着要去做……
doing 记得做过……
regret to do 遗憾/抱歉要做……
doing 后悔做了……
try to do 尽力做……
doing 尝试做……
很大　
mean to do 打算做……
doing 意味着做……
go on to do 接着做(另一件事)
doing 接着做(同一件事)
stop to do 停下来去做(另一件事)
doing 停止做(同一件事)
can't help to do 不能帮助做某事
doing 禁不住做某事
情景导学3
The bike needs repairing/to be repaired.这辆自行车需要修一下。
用法归纳3
　　在deserve(值得)及need、want、require后面接动名词作宾语时,用主动形式表示④　
意义,相当于不定式的被动形式,即need/want/require/deserve doing=need/want/require/de-
serve to be done。
二、动词-ing形式作表语
作表语的动词-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词。
1.动名词作表语
情景导学
My hobby is painting.我的爱好是绘画。
被动
用法归纳
　　动名词作表语时常表示抽象的概念或习惯性的动作, 用来说明主语的内容。
2.现在分词作表语
情景导学
The argument is very convincing.这个论点很令人信服。
Landing on the moon's far side is extremely challenging.在月球背面着陆极具挑战性。
用法归纳
(1)现在分词作表语时具有形容词的性质,用来说明主语的性质、特征等。
(2)形容词化的现在分词有“令人……的”含义,常用来修饰⑤　　 。常见的这类词有
moving、interesting、encouraging、exciting、inspiring、boring、surprising、puzzling、a-
musing、astonishing等。
特别提醒
不定式和动词-ed形式也可作表语,但不定式通常强调一次性的、具体的或将要发生的动作,
动词-ed形式则一般和系动词连用构成系表结构,表示主语的状态。
The purpose of the meeting is to elect a monitor.这次会议的目的就是选举班长。
He was so excited that it took a long time for him to calm down.他激动的心情久久不能平静。
物
即时巩固讲
单句语法填空
1.(2023新课标Ⅰ)Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her race when a runner in
front of her began 　　　 　 (cry) in pain.
2.(2022新高考Ⅱ)The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without 　　　　 (worry)
about being perfect.
3.(2022全国乙)Young children across the globe enjoy　　　　 (play) games of hide and seek.
4.(2022全国甲)From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises, the whole experience was
　 　　 (amaze).
5.(2021新高考Ⅰ)You can't help 　　　　 (wonder) how hard it was for the people then to put
crying/to cry
worrying
playing
amazing
wondering
all those rocks into place.
6.(2020全国Ⅱ)They represent the earth 　　　　 (come) back to life and best wishes for new
beginnings.
7.Her job is 　　　　 (nurse) patients in the hospital.
8.The feelings of awkwardness and not 　　　　 (fit) in with others are often frustrating.
9.He told me that his hobby was 　 　　　 (collect) stamps.
10.Whoever breaks the record deserves 　 　 　 　 (award) at the sports meeting.
coming
nursing
fitting
collecting
awarding/to be awarded