Section Ⅱ “Understanding ideas”的新知学习环节
一、阅读单词——知其义
1．a great white shark 大白________
2．cut off their fins 切去它们的______
3.
二、重点单词——写其形
1．________the cat away 把猫吓跑
2.
3．change your ________ 改变你的态度
三、活用单词——悉其变
1.
2.
3.
四、拓展构词——明其规(依据规律串记单词)
1．unfortunate：un ＋adj.→adj.
①unlucky不幸的 ②unhappy不开心的
③unknown未知的 ④undoubted无疑的
2．frighten：n.＋ en→v.
①strengthen加强 ②lengthen使变长
③threaten威胁 ④lighten使变明亮
五、高级词块——通其用
1．______________ 惊恐地
2．______________ 害怕……
3．______________ 由于，因为
4．______________ 切断；中断；切掉；割掉
5．______________ 扔回……
6．______________ 对……有……影响
7．______________ (偶然)遇见；无意中发现
8．______________ 把……看作……
9．______________ 而不是
10．______________ 相反，反过来
11．______________ 错误地；无意中
12．______________ 保护……免受……伤害
1．People have always been scared of sharks, but Jaws made things worse.
人类本就害怕鲨鱼，而电影《大白鲨》加深了这种恶劣印象。
★scare v．使(某人)惊恐，吓唬
|用|法|感|知|
Last night the sudden thunder scared the children.昨天晚上，突然的雷声吓着了那些孩子。
They managed to scare the bear away/off with a torch. 他们设法用一个火把把那只熊吓跑了。
(“情绪描写”典句) I was too scared to move an inch and my palms were sweating.
我吓得一动都不敢动，手掌都在冒汗。
(1)scare sb. into doing sth. 威胁/恐吓某人做某事
scare sb. to death 使某人大受惊吓/吓得要死
scare ... away/off 把……吓跑
(2)scared adj. 害怕的；恐惧的；担心的
be scared of sb./sth. 害怕某人/某物
be scared 害怕做某事
(3)scary adj. 恐怖的；吓人的
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Seeing many cars going up and down, the boys were scared ______ (cross) the street.
②It was the high price that scared the possible buyers __________.
③No sound and voice was heard at that moment.The silence in the dark building was ________ (scare).
④She tried to ________________________ behaving well.
她试图恐吓那个孩子让其守规矩。
2．This was not only due to fear of sharks, but also finning.
这不仅仅是因为人类对鲨鱼的恐惧，还因为采割鱼鳍。
★due to由于，因为
|用|法|感|知|
Due to the heavy snow, they were trapped in the house in the mountain.
由于大雪，他们被困在山上的房子里。
The importance of the town is due to its geographical location.
这座城镇的重要性在于它的地理位置。
They are due to pay the balance on delivery.
他们应该在货到时支付余款。
归纳点拨 (1)due adj.预期的；预计的；到期的；应给的 (2)be due to do sth. 预期做某事；预定要做某事 be due to sb. 应支付/应给予某人 be due for sth. 应有某物；应得到某物
名师点津 (1)due当“预定的，预期的”讲时，构成短语be due to，其中 to为不定式符号，后接动词原形。 (2)due to当“因为，由于”讲时，to为介词。 (3)表示“因为，由于”的短语还有：because of, owing to, thanks to, as a result of, as a/in consequence of, on account of等。
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Due __________ the wrong route they took, they spent more time than expected getting to the destination.
②The bus was due __________ (arrive) at 5 pm, but it arrived one hour late due to ____________ (hold) up by the heavy fog.
③The team's success ____________________.
该队的成功在很大程度上是由于她的努力。
3．Fortunately, not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks — some became interested in understanding them.
幸运的是，并非每个看过《大白鲨》这部电影的人都变得害怕鲨鱼——有些人变得更有兴趣去了解它们。
★fortunately adv.幸运地
|用|法|感|知|
Fortunately, the rain stopped before we started to have a picnic outside.
幸运的是，我们动身去外面野餐前雨停了。
He fell into an icy river but was fortunate to be rescued by some local villagers.
他掉进了一条结冰的河里，但幸运地被一些当地村民救了上来。
(“丰富细节”写作典句)Unfortunately, when I dropped in, Professor Smith was just leaving, so we only had time for a few words.
不幸的是，当我去的时候，史密斯教授正要离开，所以我们只匆匆说了几句话。
(1)fortunate adj. 幸运的
be fortunate to do sth. 幸运地做某事
It is/was fortunate (for sb.) that ... (对某人来说)幸运的是……
(2)unfortunately adv. 不幸地
fortune n. 财富；命运；运气
misfortune n. 厄运；不幸
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①It was fortunate __________ he had left the house before the fire broke out.
②I was late, but __________ (fortunate) the class hadn't started.
③(2022·浙江6月高考改编)____________ (fortunate), between us stood the barrier of language.
④I __________________________ such a good teacher to teach me English.
我有幸有这样一位好老师教我英语。
4．Complete the chart showing how attitudes towards sharks have changed with words and expressions from the passage.
用文章中的单词和短语来完成表格，看看人们对鲨鱼的态度是如何变化的。
★attitude n．(尤指通过行为表现出的对某事的一般)看法，态度
|用|法|感|知|
Attitude is everything! 态度决定一切！
I think happiness has nothing to do with money, but is connected with the attitude to life.
我认为幸福与金钱无关，而是与生活态度有关。
(“人物描述”佳句)He's an easy going, friendly young man with a casual sort of attitude towards/to other things.
他是个随和、友善的年轻人，不太在意其他事情。
attitude to/towards ... 对……的态度/看法
have/take a good/bad attitude to/towards ...
对……持好的/坏的态度
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①What is your attitude __________ senior high students taking up a part time job
②He ______________________________ his homework.
他对家庭作业的态度不端正。
③__________________________ and good things will happen.
保持积极的态度，好事就会发生。
1．We see a woman swimming at night in a dark sea.
我们看到一个女人夜晚在漆黑的海水里游泳。
感知将学语法——现在分词和过去分词作宾语补足语
本句中现在分词swimming作宾语补足语，a woman和swim之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词的主动形式。
①(2023·浙江1月高考写作)I turned around to see the same hummingbird hovering in the air.(现在分词hovering作宾语补足语)
我转过身来，看到(原来)那只蜂鸟正在空中盘旋。
②He found his hometown greatly changed. (过去分词changed作宾语补足语)
他发现他的家乡变化很大。
③He got his leg broken when playing football and the doctor had him lying in bed for at least one week. (过去分词和现在分词作宾语补足语)
他踢足球时摔断了腿，医生让他卧床休息至少一周。
2．Fortunately, not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks ...
幸运的是，并非每个看过《大白鲨》这部电影的人都变得害怕鲨鱼……
本句中的not everyone为部分否定。
(1)当否定词not与all, both, each, every, everybody, everything, always, completely, whole, entirely, altogether等代词、限定词、形容词和副词连用时，构成部分否定，表示“并不都，并非都”的意思。
(2)no one, none, neither, nobody, nothing, no, never, nowhere等表示否定意义的词与表示肯定意义的谓语一起使用时，构成全部否定。
Every boy is not interested in sports.
＝Not every boy is interested in sports.
并非所有的男孩都喜欢运动。
Nothing is wrong with your computer.
你的电脑没一点儿问题。
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构
①While online shopping has changed our life, all of its effects haven't been positive.
→While online shopping has changed our life, ____________________ been positive.
②Every student does not realize the importance of the chance.
→______________________ the importance of the chance.
③Both of the two maths problems are not very difficult.
→__________________ of the two maths problems are very difficult.
(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用
④ ______________________________ have read the book.
不是所有的学生都读过这本书。
⑤____________________________ for one who sets his mind on it.
世上无难事，只怕有心人。
⑥I agree with most of what you said, but I __________________________________.
我同意你说的大部分内容，但是我并非同意一切。
课文缩写
七选五|根据课文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The 1975 film Jaws, attracting huge audiences and winning many awards, tells the story of a great white shark that attacks and kills swimmers. __1__
After 1975, the number of large sharks around America fell quickly, and soon fell around the world. __2__ Finning is a type of fishing where sharks are caught and their fins cut off. It kills millions of sharks a year.
__3__ He wrote the book the film Jaws was based on. In 1980, Benchley saw the scene where fishermen were finning, and the sea floor was covered with dead sharks. __4__
Fortunately，not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks — some became interested in understanding them. __5__
A．This was not only due to fear of sharks, but also finning.
B．Finning would have an unexpected effect upon Peter Benchley.
C．At that time, nobody cared if sharks were killed, or how many were killed.
D．Benchley came to see people as a danger to sharks, rather than the other way round.
E．It strengthened people's long held idea of the great white shark as a dangerous animal.
F．He admitted that his book was wrong about sharks' behaviour and began to fight to protect sharks.
G．Today, as we learn more about sharks, more people than ever want to protect them from extinction.
[答题区] 1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________,
Section Ⅱ
课前词汇默写
一、1.鲨 2.鱼鳍 3.①潜水 ②俯冲 ③冲
二、1.scare 2.①target ②target ③targets 3.attitude
三、1.①fortunately ②fortunate ③unfortunate
2．①extinction ②extinct 3.①frightened ②frightening ③frighten
五、1.in fear 2.be scared/frightened/afraid of 3.due to
4．cut off 5.throw back into 6.have a(n) ... effect on/upon 7.come across 8.see ... as ... 9.rather than
10．the other way round 11.by mistake
12．protect ... from ...
核心词汇突破
1．①to cross ②away/off ③scary ④scare the child into
2．①to ②to arrive; being held ③was largely due to her efforts
3．①that ②fortunately ③Unfortunately
④was fortunate to have
4．①towards/to ②has a bad attitude to/towards
③Keep a positive attitude
重点句式解构
2．①not all of its effects have
②Not every student realizes
③Not both
④Not all of the students
⑤Nothing in the world is difficult
⑥don't agree with everything
随堂融通训练
1～5 EABFG(共105张PPT)
Section Ⅱ “Understanding ideas”
的新知学习环节
目 录
课前词汇默写
核心词汇突破
重点句式解构
课时跟踪检测
随堂融通训练
课前词汇默写
一、阅读单词——知其义
1．a great white shark 大白___
2．cut off their fins 切去它们的_____
鲨
鱼鳍
潜水
俯冲
冲
二、重点单词——写其形
1． the cat away 把猫吓跑
3．change your 改变你的态度
scare
target
target
targets
attitude
三、活用单词——悉其变
fortunately
fortunate
unfortunate
extinction
extinct
frightened
frightening
frighten
四、拓展构词——明其规(依据规律串记单词)
1．unfortunate：un-＋adj.→adj.
①unlucky 不幸的
②unhappy 不开心的
③unknown 未知的
④undoubted 无疑的
2．frighten：n.＋-en→v.
①strengthen 加强
②lengthen 使变长
③threaten 威胁
④lighten 使变明亮
五、高级词块——通其用
1． 惊恐地
2． 害怕……
3． 由于，因为
4． 切断；中断；切掉；割掉
5． 扔回……
in fear
be scared/frightened/afraid of
due to
cut off
throw back into
6． 对……有……影响
7． (偶然)遇见；无意中发现
8． 把……看作……
9． 而不是
have a(n) ... effect on/upon
come across
see ... as ...
rather than
10． 相反，反过来
11． 错误地；无意中
12． 保护……免受……伤害
the other way round
by mistake
protect ... from ...
核心词汇突破
1．People have always been scared of sharks, but Jaws made things worse.
人类本就害怕鲨鱼，而电影《大白鲨》加深了这种恶劣印象。
★scare v．使(某人)惊恐，吓唬
|用|法|感|知|
Last night the sudden thunder scared the children.
昨天晚上，突然的雷声吓着了那些孩子。
They managed to scare the bear away/off with a torch.
他们设法用一个火把把那只熊吓跑了。
(“情绪描写”典句) I was too scared to move an inch and my palms were sweating.
我吓得一动都不敢动，手掌都在冒汗。
(1)scare sb. into doing sth. 威胁/恐吓某人做某事
scare sb. to death 使某人大受惊吓/吓得要死
scare ... away/off 把……吓跑
[归纳点拨]
(2)scared adj. 害怕的；恐惧的；担心的
be scared of sb./sth. 害怕某人/某物
(3)scary adj. 恐怖的；吓人的
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Seeing many cars going up and down, the boys were scared
(cross) the street.
②It was the high price that scared the possible buyers .
to cross
away/off
③No sound and voice was heard at that moment.The silence in the dark building was (scare).
④She tried to behaving well.
她试图恐吓那个孩子让其守规矩。
scary
scare the child into
2．This was not only due to fear of sharks, but also finning.
这不仅仅是因为人类对鲨鱼的恐惧，还因为采割鱼鳍。
★due to由于，因为
|用|法|感|知|
Due to the heavy snow, they were trapped in the house in the mountain.
由于大雪，他们被困在山上的房子里。
The importance of the town is due to its geographical location.
这座城镇的重要性在于它的地理位置。
They are due to pay the balance on delivery.
他们应该在货到时支付余款。
归纳点拨 (1)due adj.预期的；预计的；到期的；应给的
(2)be due to do sth. 预期做某事；预定要做某事
be due to sb. 应支付/应给予某人
be due for sth. 应有某物；应得到某物
名师点津 (1)due当“预定的，预期的”讲时，构成短语be due to，其中 to为不定式符号，后接动词原形。
(2)due to当“因为，由于”讲时，to为介词。
(3)表示“因为，由于”的短语还有：because of, owing to, thanks to, as a result of, as a/in consequence of, on account of等。
续表
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Due the wrong route they took, they spent more time than expected getting to the destination.
②The bus was due (arrive) at 5 pm, but it arrived one hour late due to (hold) up by the heavy fog.
to
to arrive
being held
③The team's success .
该队的成功在很大程度上是由于她的努力。
was largely due to her efforts
3．Fortunately, not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks — some became interested in understanding them.
幸运的是，并非每个看过《大白鲨》这部电影的人都变得害怕鲨鱼——有些人变得更有兴趣去了解它们。
★fortunately adv.幸运地
|用|法|感|知|
Fortunately, the rain stopped before we started to have a picnic outside.
幸运的是，我们动身去外面野餐前雨停了。
He fell into an icy river but was fortunate to be rescued by some local villagers.
他掉进了一条结冰的河里，但幸运地被一些当地村民救了上来。
(“丰富细节”写作典句)Unfortunately, when I dropped in, Professor Smith was just leaving, so we only had time for a few words.
不幸的是，当我去的时候，史密斯教授正要离开，所以我们只匆匆说了几句话。
(1)fortunate adj. 幸运的
be fortunate to do sth. 幸运地做某事
It is/was fortunate (for sb.) that ... (对某人来说)幸运的是……
(2)unfortunately adv. 不幸地
fortune n. 财富；命运；运气
misfortune n. 厄运；不幸
[归纳点拨]
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①It was fortunate he had left the house before the fire broke out.
②I was late, but (fortunate) the class hadn't started.
that
fortunately
③(2022·浙江6月高考改编) (fortunate), between us stood the barrier of language.
④I such a good teacher to teach me English.
我有幸有这样一位好老师教我英语。
Unfortunately
was fortunate to have
4．Complete the chart showing how attitudes towards sharks have changed with words and expressions from the passage.
用文章中的单词和短语来完成表格，看看人们对鲨鱼的态度是如何变化的。
★attitude n．(尤指通过行为表现出的对某事的一般)看法，态度
|用|法|感|知|
Attitude is everything!
态度决定一切！
I think happiness has nothing to do with money, but is connected with the attitude to life.
我认为幸福与金钱无关，而是与生活态度有关。
(“人物描述”佳句)He's an easy-going, friendly young man with a casual sort of attitude towards/to other things.
他是个随和、友善的年轻人，不太在意其他事情。
attitude to/towards ... 对……的态度/看法
have/take a good/bad attitude to/towards ...
对……持好的/坏的态度
[归纳点拨]
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①What is your attitude senior high students taking up a part-time job
②He his homework.
他对家庭作业的态度不端正。
③ and good things will happen.
保持积极的态度，好事就会发生。
towards/to
has a bad attitude to/towards
Keep a positive attitude
重点句式解构
1．We see a woman swimming at night in a dark sea.
我们看到一个女人夜晚在漆黑的海水里游泳。
感知将学语法——现在分词和过去分词作宾语补足语
本句中现在分词swimming作宾语补足语，a woman和swim之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词的主动形式。
①(2023·浙江1月高考写作)I turned around to see the same hummingbird hovering in the air.(现在分词hovering作宾语补足语)
我转过身来，看到(原来)那只蜂鸟正在空中盘旋。
②He found his hometown greatly changed. (过去分词changed作宾语补足语)
他发现他的家乡变化很大。
③He got his leg broken when playing football and the doctor had him lying in bed for at least one week. (过去分词和现在分词作宾语补足语)
他踢足球时摔断了腿，医生让他卧床休息至少一周。
2．Fortunately, not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks ...
幸运的是，并非每个看过《大白鲨》这部电影的人都变得害怕鲨鱼……
本句中的not everyone为部分否定。
(1)当否定词not与all, both, each, every, everybody, everything, always, completely, whole, entirely, altogether等代词、限定词、形容词和副词连用时，构成部分否定，表示“并不都，并非都”的意思。
(2)no one, none, neither, nobody, nothing, no, never, nowhere等表示否定意义的词与表示肯定意义的谓语一起使用时，构成全部否定。
Every boy is not interested in sports.
＝Not every boy is interested in sports.
并非所有的男孩都喜欢运动。
Nothing is wrong with your computer.
你的电脑没一点儿问题。
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构
①While online shopping has changed our life, all of its effects haven't been positive.
→While online shopping has changed our life, ________________
been positive.
not all of its
effects have
②Every student does not realize the importance of the chance.
→ the importance of the chance.
③Both of the two maths problems are not very difficult.
→ of the two maths problems are very difficult.
Not every student realizes
Not both
(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用
④ have read the book.
不是所有的学生都读过这本书。
⑤ for one who sets his mind on it.
世上无难事，只怕有心人。
Not all of the students
Nothing in the world is difficult
⑥I agree with most of what you said, but I____________________
.
我同意你说的大部分内容，但是我并非同意一切。
don't agree with
everything
随堂融通训练
根据课文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The 1975 film Jaws, attracting huge audiences and winning many awards, tells the story of a great white shark that attacks and kills swimmers. 1
After 1975, the number of large sharks around America fell quickly, and soon fell around the world. 2 Finning is a type of fishing where sharks are caught and their fins cut off. It kills millions of sharks a year.
3 He wrote the book the film Jaws was based on. In 1980, Benchley saw the scene where fishermen were finning, and the sea floor was covered with dead sharks. 4
Fortunately，not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks — some became interested in understanding them. 5
A．This was not only due to fear of sharks, but also finning.
B．Finning would have an unexpected effect upon Peter Benchley.
C．At that time, nobody cared if sharks were killed, or how many were killed.
D．Benchley came to see people as a danger to sharks, rather than the other way round.
E．It strengthened people's long-held idea of the great white shark as a dangerous animal.
F．He admitted that his book was wrong about sharks' behaviour and began to fight to protect sharks.
G．Today, as we learn more about sharks, more people than ever want to protect them from extinction.
答案：1～5 EABFG
课时跟踪检测
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．They managed to (使惊恐，吓唬) the bears away.
2．The application (把……作为目标) young people.
3．I don't know how to (潜水) under the water.
scare
targets
dive
4． (幸运的是), the whole family had survived the serious car accident.
5．As you get older, your (态度) towards life changes.
Fortunately
attitude
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．She came to see the new teacher her best friend.
2．Not only Zhou Xia but also her parents (be) fond of watching romantic comedies.
3．The new plan came into use, which would have a great effect ________ people's daily life.
as
are
on/upon
4．I cut the electricity in time.Otherwise, there would have been a danger.
5．She has been absent from work due her illness for weeks, which makes her boss worried.
6．The advertisement (target) on the old and it is a great success.
off
to
is targeted
Ⅲ.选词填空
due to， come across， have an effect on， cut off， see ... as， rather than， by mistake， in fear
1. We him an authority on American literature.
2．She saw a snake and ran away .
see
as
in fear
3．I took another passenger's luggage on the bus yesterday.
4．A recent survey suggests that such women find more joy from relationships, successful careers.
5．When you new words you don't know while reading, you can look them up in the dictionary.
by mistake
rather than
come across
6．The water supply has been for several days in the city.
7．The school was reconstructed many people's donation.
8．Think of the movies, books, friends and teachers that _______
you.
cut off
due to
have an
effect on
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．There is no doubt that .
毫无疑问，并不是每一个人都同意这项计划。
2．This illness and I missed a lot of schooling.
这种病对我的生活有很大的影响，我错过了很多教育。
not everyone agrees to this plan
had a great effect on my life
3．The sudden scream coming from behind .
突然从后面传来的尖叫把我吓得要死。
4．The fire lasted a whole night, .
大火持续了一整夜，造成了巨大损失。
scared me to death
causing great damage
5．They are _____________________________________________
patient and understanding.
他们不仅经验丰富、知识渊博，而且还有耐心、善解人意。
not only experienced and knowledgeable but also
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
There are many things that we can do in our own ways which will help save the environment.What are some of these ways to save the environment Let's take a look at a list of them.
There won't be enough water before we need to fight for clean and fresh water.That is why saving water and preventing water pollution becomes very important.Keep simple things in mind like turning off the tap when you are brushing teeth.Don't often take a shower.Don't pour oil into the drains.Don't throw rubbish into the river.
Save paper to save trees.Make sure that you use both sides of paper before throwing it away. If you can, try not to use paper as possible as you can and do not forget to recycle paper. Also, using cloth bags instead of paper bags can save much paper.This is one of the best ways to save our environment.
Recycling is important.It makes sure that the environment is not more polluted.Recycling does not simply include recycling paper, but things like plastic, metal and office supplies like pens, ink and more.This makes sure that they are changed into material that is reusable and also puts less pressure on the environment.
What are the ways to save energy Turn off the lights and computers before you leave.Use cold water instead of hot water to wash clothes, use the stairs instead of the lift and keep the air conditioner on moderate setting (设置) to save energy.
In a word, try our best to do something to save our environment, and we will do something helpful to save ourselves.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了每个人都有义务也有能力保护人类共同的地球，以及我们力所能及的可以保护环境的几种方法。
1．What does the second paragraph mainly talk about
A．Saving water. B．Saving paper.
C．Recycling. D．Planting trees.
解析：段落大意题。根据第二段内容尤其是第二句可知，第二段主要谈及节约用水。
√
2．How can we save trees according to the passage
A．By saving water.
B．By using less paper.
C．By saving energy.
D．By planting trees.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Save paper to save trees.”可知，节约纸就可以拯救树木。
√
3．Why is recycling important
A．Because it can save some money.
B．Because there are many old things.
C．Because it helps us keep healthy.
D．Because it can save our environment.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，回收利用能减少环境污染，故推断，回收利用可以保护环境，因此很重要。
√
4．The underlined word “moderate” means .
A．high wind B．high temperature
C．proper D．open
解析：词义猜测题。根据下文中的“to save energy”并结合常识可知，“适度设置”空调温度可以节约用电，也就是节约能源。由此可知moderate意为“适当的”，与proper同义。
√
Ⅱ.完形填空
In order to control kitchen waste, I started composting (制作堆肥). We have a small backyard and I knew we needed a 5 that stood no chance of attracting rats or other animals that would make us 6 neighbors. I landed on a compost container, which can reach temperatures high enough to 7 practically anything my kitchen produces. I spend a few weeks learning how to 8 use it.
Dealing with our food waste made me think a lot harder before 9 to it. It seemed 10 to fill the garbage bin with perfectly good vegetables, so those went into a bag in the 11 . When berries, pears and bananas got too 12 to eat, I froze them for making drinks. Cooked foods and meat and cheese can turn into an unpleasant 13 on a compost heap (堆), so those leftovers became my first 14 for weekday posting was one change that 15 my day-to-day behaviour.
After focusing on getting food waste out of the garbage bin, I wanted to 16 single-use materials. Now, my family of five puts out just one bag of 17 per week, a lighter load made up of snack bar wrappers and used tissue and the 18 .
All you need to make 19 changes to your own kitchen is a little bit of effort and a solid game plan.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者为了控制厨余垃圾，开始制作堆肥，并展开讲述了作者制作堆肥的过程以及在这个过程中获得的好处。
5．A.system B．theory
C．promise D．standard
解析：根据下文“I landed on a compost container, which can reach temperatures high enough to practically anything my kitchen produces.”可知，作者想要控制厨余垃圾，所以开始制作堆肥。制作堆肥需要一个系统(system)，它不能吸引老鼠或其他动物，以免使作者一家人成为不受欢迎的(unpopular)邻居。
√
6．A.inactive B．unpopular
C．dishonest D．impatient
解析：参见上题解析。
√
7．A.put up B．work out
C．break down D．set aside
解析： 根据上文“I landed on a compost container, which can reach temperatures high enough”可知，作者选择了一个堆肥容器，这个容器的温度可以达到分解(break down)厨房生产的任何东西的高度。
√
8．A.efficiently B．suddenly
C．slowly D．secretly
解析：根据上文“I spend a few weeks”可知，作者花了好几个星期学习如何有效地(efficiently)使用堆肥容器。
√
9．A.comparing B．replying
C．agreeing D．adding
解析：根据下文“It seemed to fill the garbage bin with perfectly good vegetables, so those went into a bag in the .”可知，处理食物垃圾的时候，作者并不知道要往堆肥容器里添加什么，所以在思考添加(add)的东西时更困难。
√
10．A.formal B．crazy
C．wise D．innocent
解析： 根据下文语境可知，往堆肥容器中添加食物垃圾的时候并不容易，有的时候添加的食物不同，结果不同。最明智的(wise)选择是把非常好的蔬菜装进去。
√
11．A.cooker B．fireplace
C．freezer D．backyard
解析：根据上文“We have a small backyard”可知，这些蔬菜都被放到了后院(backyard)的一个袋子里。
√
12．A.big B．soft
C．pretty D．bitter
解析：根据下文“I froze them for making drinks”可知，作者觉得水果太苦(bitter)而吃不下的时候，就把它们冷冻起来做饮料。
√
13．A.process B．noise
C．truth D．mess
解析：根据空前的“unpleasant”可知，熟食、肉类和奶酪放到堆肥堆上的时候会变成令人不快的烂摊子(mess)。
√
14．A.purchase B．principle
C．priority D．success
解析：根据上文“Cooked foods and meat and cheese can turn into an unpleasant on a compost heap (堆)”可知，因为剩饭放到堆肥堆上会变成令人不快的烂摊子，所以作者会在平时把剩饭作为午餐的首选(priority)解决掉。
√
15．A.explains B．values
C．proves D．shifts
解析：根据上文“Cooked foods and meat and cheese can turn into an unpleasant on a compost heap (堆), so those leftovers became my first for weekday lunches.”可知，因为在堆肥的过程中，作者会考虑到平时的一些行为，所以(制作)堆肥是一种促使作者重视(value)其日常行为的转变。故选B。
√
16．A.tackle B．invent
C．recommend D．seek
解析：根据下文“Now, my family of five puts out just one bag of___per week, a lighter load made up of snack bar wrappers and used tissue and the .”可知，作者在专注于将食物垃圾从垃圾桶中取出后，尝试了一些一次性材料，所以作者要向大家推荐(recommend)这种一次性材料。
√
17．A.gifts B．vegetables
C．weed D．garbage
解析：根据下文“a lighter load made up of snack bar wrappers and used tissue”可知，作者一家每周只出一袋垃圾(garbage)。
√
18．A.load B．like
C．back D．light
解析：根据空前的“made up of snack bar wrappers and used tissue”可知，垃圾袋里装着快餐店包装纸和用过的纸巾等废弃物。
√
19．A.seasonal B．legal
C．similar D．expensive
解析：根据语境可知，作者建议想要在厨房做出类似的(similar)改变的话，只需要一点努力和一个可靠的行动计划。
√
Ⅲ.语法填空
Al Larson is known as “The Bluebird Man”．He first began his conservational labor of love after he read an issue of National Geographic that detailed how building birdhouses could help to stop their declining populations. 1 (see) a bluebird going in and out of a dead tree on his property, Larson became inspired to start setting up little boxes that could serve as nests 2 bluebirds.
3 started as a hobby to pursue in his retirement turned into a full-time effort and after almost four decades of 4 (devote), he has banded and documented over 30,000 bluebirds, thanks 5 (primary) to the 350 birdhouses that he has built across southwest Idaho.
Since bluebirds live on dead or nearly-dead trees, their population began to decline when the invention of the electric chainsaw in the early 1900s 6 (make) it easier for homeowners to remove the dead trees on their properties, having their habitats 7 (destroy)．
But the efforts of Larson have shown us that if we take a moment 8 (understand) the needs of a species, the solution will present itself in 9 practical and obtainable way.
Now that he is nearing the age of 97, Larson shows no signs of slowing down. And up to now his inspiring story 10 (film) into the Emmy award-nominated documentary Bluebird Man.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了蓝鸟之父——Al Larson为了保护蓝鸟所付出的坚持不懈的努力，这表明如果一个人用心做一件事，他就会取得很大的成就。
1．Seeing 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，所以此处应用非谓语动词。主语Larson与see之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用Seeing。
2．for 考查介词。此处表示nests(鸟巢)服务的对象，表示用途、对象等应用介词for。
3．What 考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，且从句中缺少主语，指物，故用what引导。
4．devotion 考查名词。介词 of后接名词形式，且devotion为不可数名词。
5．primarily 考查副词。空处在句中作状语，故用副词primarily。
6．made/had made 考查时态和语态。根据句中的时间状语“in the early 1900s”可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，故可用一般过去时，表示过去的动作；也可用过去完成时，表示过去已经完成的动作。故填 made 或 had made。
7．destroyed 考查非谓语动词。此处考查 have sth. done结构，需用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填destroyed。
8．to understand 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语。故填to understand。
9．a 考查冠词。此处泛指“一种实际可行的方式”，且practical 的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词 a。
10．has been filmed 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“up to now”可知，此处应用现在完成时；主语 his inspiring story和film之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，且主语为单数形式。故填has been filmed。
Ⅳ.主题微写作
[教材原句] Some people stopped swimming in the sea, afraid of the horrible creature from the film. Other people started fishing for sharks, killing as many as they could.
[分析] 以上两句运用了 “一些人……一些人……”的表达方式，这种模式可以用于描述多人的画面或人们的不同看法或做法等。
[仿写] 一些人赞成把濒危动物放进保护区，认为这会拯救它们。一些人则认为应该把它们放到野外，让它们适应野外的生活，提高它们的生存能力。
Some people approve of the endangered animals being protected in a reserve, thinking it can save them. Other people hold the belief that they should be released into the wild so that they can adapt to the wild and improve their ability to survive.UNIT 6 课时检测(二) “Understanding ideas”的新知学习环节
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．They managed to __________ (使惊恐，吓唬) the bears away.
2．The application __________ (把……作为目标) young people.
3．I don't know how to __________ (潜水) under the water.
4．__________ (幸运的是), the whole family had survived the serious car accident.
5．As you get older, your __________ (态度) towards life changes.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．She came to see the new teacher __________ her best friend.
2．Not only Zhou Xia but also her parents ________ (be) fond of watching romantic comedies.
3．The new plan came into use, which would have a great effect __________ people's daily life.
4．I cut __________ the electricity in time.Otherwise, there would have been a danger.
5．She has been absent from work due __________ her illness for weeks, which makes her boss worried.
6．The advertisement __________ (target) on the old and it is a great success.
Ⅲ.选词填空
due to， come across， have an effect on， cut off， see ...as， rather than， by mistake， in fear
1. We __________ him __________ an authority on American literature.
2．She saw a snake and ran away ______________.
3．I took another passenger's luggage ____________ on the bus yesterday.
4．A recent survey suggests that such women find more joy from relationships, ______________ successful careers.
5．When you ______________ new words you don't know while reading, you can look them up in the dictionary.
6．The water supply has been ______________ for several days in the city.
7．The school was reconstructed ______________ many people's donation.
8．Think of the movies, books, friends and teachers that ______________ you.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．There is no doubt that __________________________________________.
毫无疑问，并不是每一个人都同意这项计划。
2．This illness __________________________________________ and I missed a lot of schooling.
这种病对我的生活有很大的影响，我错过了很多教育。
3．The sudden scream coming from behind ______________________________.
突然从后面传来的尖叫把我吓得要死。
4．The fire lasted a whole night, ________________________________.
大火持续了一整夜，造成了巨大损失。
5．They are ____________________________________________________ patient and understanding.
他们不仅经验丰富、知识渊博，而且还有耐心、善解人意。
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
There are many things that we can do in our own ways which will help save the environment.What are some of these ways to save the environment Let's take a look at a list of them.
There won't be enough water before we need to fight for clean and fresh water.That is why saving water and preventing water pollution becomes very important.Keep simple things in mind like turning off the tap when you are brushing teeth.Don't often take a shower.Don't pour oil into the drains.Don't throw rubbish into the river.
Save paper to save trees.Make sure that you use both sides of paper before throwing it away.If you can, try not to use paper as possible as you can and do not forget to recycle paper.Also, using cloth bags instead of paper bags can save much paper.This is one of the best ways to save our environment.
Recycling is important.It makes sure that the environment is not more polluted.Recycling does not simply include recycling paper, but things like plastic, metal and office supplies like pens, ink and more.This makes sure that they are changed into material that is reusable and also puts less pressure on the environment.
What are the ways to save energy Turn off the lights and computers before you leave.Use cold water instead of hot water to wash clothes, use the stairs instead of the lift and keep the air conditioner on moderate setting (设置) to save energy.
In a word, try our best to do something to save our environment, and we will do something helpful to save ourselves.
1．What does the second paragraph mainly talk about
A．Saving water. B．Saving paper.
C．Recycling. D．Planting trees.
2．How can we save trees according to the passage
A．By saving water.
B．By using less paper.
C．By saving energy.
D．By planting trees.
3．Why is recycling important
A．Because it can save some money.
B．Because there are many old things.
C．Because it helps us keep healthy.
D．Because it can save our environment.
4．The underlined word “moderate” means________.
A．high wind B．high temperature
C．proper D．open
Ⅱ.完形填空
In order to control kitchen waste, I started composting (制作堆肥)．We have a small backyard and I knew we needed a __5__ that stood no chance of attracting rats or other animals that would make us __6__ neighbors.I landed on a compost container, which can reach temperatures high enough to __7__ practically anything my kitchen produces.I spend a few weeks learning how to __8__ use it.
Dealing with our food waste made me think a lot harder before __9__ to it.It seemed __10__ to fill the garbage bin with perfectly good vegetables, so those went into a bag in the __11__.When berries, pears and bananas got too __12__ to eat, I froze them for making drinks.Cooked foods and meat and cheese can turn into an unpleasant __13__ on a compost heap (堆), so those leftovers became my first __14__ for weekday posting was one change that __15__ my day to day behaviour.
After focusing on getting food waste out of the garbage bin, I wanted to __16__ single use materials.Now, my family of five puts out just one bag of __17__ per week, a lighter load made up of snack bar wrappers and used tissue and the __18__.
All you need to make __19__ changes to your own kitchen is a little bit of effort and a solid game plan.
5.A.system B．theory
C．promise D．standard
6．A.inactive B．unpopular
C．dishonest D．impatient
7．A.put up B．work out
C．break down D．set aside
8．A.efficiently B．suddenly
C．slowly D．secretly
9．A.comparing B．replying
C．agreeing D．adding
10．A.formal B．crazy
C．wise D．innocent
11．A.cooker B．fireplace
C．freezer D．backyard
12．A.big B．soft
C．pretty D．bitter
13．A.process B．noise
C．truth D．mess
14．A.purchase B．principle
C．priority D．success
15．A.explains B．values
C．proves D．shifts
16．A.tackle B．invent
C．recommend D．seek
17．A.gifts B．vegetables
C．weed D．garbage
18．A.load B．like
C．back D．light
19．A.seasonal B．legal
C．similar D．expensive
Ⅲ.语法填空
Al Larson is known as “The Bluebird Man”．He first began his conservational labor of love after he read an issue of National Geographic that detailed how building birdhouses could help to stop their declining populations.__1__ (see) a bluebird going in and out of a dead tree on his property, Larson became inspired to start setting up little boxes that could serve as nests __2__ bluebirds.
__3__ started as a hobby to pursue in his retirement turned into a full time effort and after almost four decades of __4__ (devote), he has banded and documented over 30,000 bluebirds, thanks __5__ (primary) to the 350 birdhouses that he has built across southwest Idaho.
Since bluebirds live on dead or nearly dead trees, their population began to decline when the invention of the electric chainsaw in the early 1900s __6__ (make) it easier for homeowners to remove the dead trees on their properties, having their habitats __7__ (destroy)．
But the efforts of Larson have shown us that if we take a moment __8__ (understand) the needs of a species, the solution will present itself in __9__ practical and obtainable way.
Now that he is nearing the age of 97, Larson shows no signs of slowing down.And up to now his inspiring story __10__ (film) into the Emmy award nominated documentary Bluebird Man.
Ⅳ.主题微写作
[教材原句] Some people stopped swimming in the sea, afraid of the horrible creature from the film.Other people started fishing for sharks, killing as many as they could.
[分析] 以上两句运用了 “一些人……一些人……”的表达方式，这种模式可以用于描述多人的画面或人们的不同看法或做法等。
[仿写] 一些人赞成把濒危动物放进保护区，认为这会拯救它们。一些人则认为应该把它们放到野外，让它们适应野外的生活，提高它们的生存能力。
UNIT 6 课时检测(二)
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.1.scare 2.targets 3.dive 4.Fortunately 5.attitude
Ⅱ.1.as 2.are 3.on/upon 4.off 5.to 6.is targeted
Ⅲ.1.see; as 2.in fear 3.by mistake 4.rather than
5.come across 6.cut off 7.due to 8.have an effect on
Ⅳ.1.not everyone agrees to this plan
2.had a great effect on my life 3.scared me to death
4.causing great damage
5.not only experienced and knowledgeable but also
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了每个人都有义务也有能力保护人类共同的地球,以及我们力所能及的可以保护环境的几种方法。
1.选A 段落大意题。根据第二段内容尤其是第二句可知,第二段主要谈及节约用水。
2.选B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Save paper to save trees.”可知,节约纸就可以拯救树木。
3.选D 推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知,回收利用能减少环境污染,故推断,回收利用可以保护环境,因此很重要。
4.选C 词义猜测题。根据下文中的“to save energy”并结合常识可知,“适度设置”空调温度可以节约用电,也就是节约能源。由此可知moderate意为“适当的”,与proper同义。
Ⅱ.完形填空
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者为了控制厨余垃圾,开始制作堆肥,并展开讲述了作者制作堆肥的过程以及在这个过程中获得的好处。
5.选A 根据下文“I landed on a compost container, which can reach temperatures high enough to practically anything my kitchen produces.”可知,作者想要控制厨余垃圾,所以开始制作堆肥。制作堆肥需要一个系统(system),它不能吸引老鼠或其他动物,以免使作者一家人成为不受欢迎的(unpopular)邻居。
6.选 B 参见上题解析。
7.选C 根据上文“I landed on a compost container, which can reach temperatures high enough”可知,作者选择了一个堆肥容器,这个容器的温度可以达到分解(break down)厨房生产的任何东西的高度。
8.选A 根据上文“I spend a few weeks”可知,作者花了好几个星期学习如何有效地(efficiently)使用堆肥容器。
9.选D 根据下文“It seemed to fill the garbage bin with perfectly good vegetables, so those went into a bag in the .”可知,处理食物垃圾的时候,作者并不知道要往堆肥容器里添加什么,所以在思考添加(add)的东西时更困难。
10.选C 根据下文语境可知,往堆肥容器中添加食物垃圾的时候并不容易,有的时候添加的食物不同,结果不同。最明智的(wise)选择是把非常好的蔬菜装进去。
11.选D 根据上文“We have a small backyard”可知,这些蔬菜都被放到了后院(backyard)的一个袋子里。
12.选D 根据下文“I froze them for making drinks”可知,作者觉得水果太苦(bitter)而吃不下的时候,就把它们冷冻起来做饮料。
13.选D 根据空前的“unpleasant”可知,熟食、肉类和奶酪放到堆肥堆上的时候会变成令人不快的烂摊子(mess)。
14.选C 根据上文“Cooked foods and meat and cheese can turn into an unpleasant on a compost heap (堆)”可知,因为剩饭放到堆肥堆上会变成令人不快的烂摊子,所以作者会在平时把剩饭作为午餐的首选(priority)解决掉。
15.选B 根据上文“Cooked foods and meat and cheese can turn into an unpleasant on a compost heap (堆), so those leftovers became my first for weekday lunches.”可知,因为在堆肥的过程中,作者会考虑到平时的一些行为,所以(制作)堆肥是一种促使作者重视(value)其日常行为的转变。故选B。
16.选C 根据下文“Now, my family of five puts out just one bag of per week, a lighter load made up of snack bar wrappers and used tissue and the .”可知,作者在专注于将食物垃圾从垃圾桶中取出后,尝试了一些一次性材料,所以作者要向大家推荐(recommend)这种一次性材料。
17.选D 根据下文“a lighter load made up of snack bar wrappers and used tissue”可知,作者一家每周只出一袋垃圾(garbage)。
18.选B 根据空前的“made up of snack bar wrappers and used tissue”可知,垃圾袋里装着快餐店包装纸和用过的纸巾等废弃物。
19.选C 根据语境可知,作者建议想要在厨房做出类似的(similar)改变的话,只需要一点努力和一个可靠的行动计划。
Ⅲ.语法填空
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了蓝鸟之父——Al Larson为了保护蓝鸟所付出的坚持不懈的努力,这表明如果一个人用心做一件事,他就会取得很大的成就。
1.Seeing 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语动词,所以此处应用非谓语动词。主语Larson与see之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,故用Seeing。
2.for 考查介词。此处表示nests(鸟巢)服务的对象,表示用途、对象等应用介词for。
3.What 考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导主语从句,且从句中缺少主语,指物,故用what引导。
4.devotion 考查名词。介词 of后接名词形式,且devotion为不可数名词。
5.primarily 考查副词。空处在句中作状语,故用副词primarily。
6.made/had made 考查时态和语态。根据句中的时间状语“in the early 1900s”可知,此处描述的是过去的事情,故可用一般过去时,表示过去的动作;也可用过去完成时,表示过去已经完成的动作。故填 made 或 had made。
7.destroyed 考查非谓语动词。此处考查 have sth. done结构,需用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填destroyed。
8.to understand 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处应用不定式作目的状语。故填to understand。
9.a 考查冠词。此处泛指“一种实际可行的方式”,且practical 的发音以辅音音素开头,故用不定冠词 a。
10.has been filmed 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“up to now”可知,此处应用现在完成时;主语 his inspiring story和film之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,且主语为单数形式。故填has been filmed。
Ⅳ.主题微写作
Some people approve of the endangered animals being protected in a reserve, thinking it can save them. Other people hold the belief that they should be released into the wild so that they can adapt to the wild and improve their ability to survive.
