Section Ⅲ Using language
语法项目——现在分词和过去分词作宾语补足语
语境中体悟
I heard an old song sung① last week, but I didn't remember its title. Just when I passed by the store, I heard it being sung② again. In the square outside the store I also saw many people dancing to the music③ . The song was so sweet that it got me involved in it④ . But the square was too noisy, and I had to raise my voice to make myself heard⑤ .
[语法入门]
①过去分词作宾语补足语，与其逻辑主语song之间存在动宾关系。
②现在分词作宾语补足语，其逻辑主语为it，表示正在被做，用现在分词的被动式。
③现在分词短语作宾语补足语，其逻辑主语为people。
④过去分词短语作宾语补足语，与其逻辑主语me之间存在动宾关系。
⑤过去分词作宾语补足语，与其逻辑主语myself之间存在动宾关系。
学案中理清
一、现在分词作宾语补足语
[先感知]
①I saw the little boy crying there.
②(教材典句)Benchley saw sharks being killed and this caused a deep change in him.
③We kept the fire burning all night long.
④I won't have you running about in the room.
⑤(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)He nodded and bit his lip, with tears welling up in his eyes.
[会发现]
以上各句中，现在分词(短语)在句中作宾语补足语，其前的宾语是它们各自的____________，其中句②为现在分词的__________。
[明规则]
1．现在分词(短语)作宾语补足语的形式与意义
形式 与宾语之间的关系 意义
doing 逻辑上的主谓关系 表示正在进行
being done 逻辑上的被动关系
2．现在分词(短语)作宾语补足语的用法
(1)位于感官动词之后，如see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等。
(2)位于使役动词之后，如have, let, keep, get, leave等。
(3)用于“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中。
[对点练] (单句语法填空)
①After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother's voice __________ (call) him.
②If you wave your book in front of your face, you can feel the air __________ (move) against your face.
③A cook will be immediately fired if he is found __________ (smoke) in the kitchen.
④If she catches you __________ (read) her diary, she'll be angry.
⑤I couldn't do my homework with all that noise __________ (go) on.
二、过去分词作宾语补足语
[先感知]
①(教材典句)People just wanted them killed.
②He got up late and hurried to his office, leaving the breakfast untouched.
③Claire had her luggage checked an hour before her plane left.
④They managed to make themselves understood by using very simple English.
⑤When I came in, I found a strange girl seated in the corner.
⑥(2022·全国甲卷)With the efforts made by both sides, we began to understand each other better.
[会发现]
以上各句中，过去分词(短语)在句中作宾语补足语，它们各自的逻辑主语是其前的宾语。
[明规则]
1．过去分词作宾语补足语，说明宾语的性质或状态，或表示一个被动的动作。宾语和宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语，宾语是宾语补足语的逻辑主语。句子由主动语态变为被动语态时，宾语补足语相应地变为主语补足语。
2．过去分词作宾语补足语的用法：
(1)过去分词常用在表状态的keep，leave等词的后面作宾语补足语。
(2)过去分词常用在使役动词have，get和make的后面作宾语补足语。
①“have/get＋宾语＋过去分词”意为“使……被；让别人做某事”，不过“have＋宾语＋过去分词”还有“遭遇到某种不幸”之意。
②在“make＋宾语＋过去分词”这种结构中，过去分词表示结果。
(3)感官动词see, hear, notice, observe, watch, feel, find等后，也可用过去分词作宾语补足语，表示该动作与宾语之间是动宾关系或该动作已经完成。
(4)表示“意愿；命令”的动词，如like, want, wish, expect, order等后接过去分词作宾语补足语，表示命令或希望某件事被完成。
(5)过去分词用在“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。
[对点练] (完成句子)
①I need a new passport so I will have to ______________________________.
我需要一个新护照，因此我得去让人给我照相。
②The next morning people _____________________. 第二天早上，人们发现他们的房子变了样。
③John received an invitation to dinner, and __________________， he gladly accepted it.
约翰收到一份宴请函，而且他的工作也做完了，他就欣然接受了邀请。
应用中融通
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．He lay on his own bed, with his eyes ______ (fix) on the ceiling(天花板)，considering that puzzling problem.
2．Hearing the news, Bob rushed out, leaving the book __________ ( lie ) open on the table, and disappeared in the distance.
3．Mr Johnson, I'm really sorry to have kept you __________ (wait) for a long time.
4．(2024·浙江1月高考) Then I noticed folk __________ (conduct) spring cleans dropping boxes of voluminous books on various subjects there.
5. (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) With over 2,500 bikes __________ (store) in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you.
6．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)There, you'll find them __________ (prepare)differently — more dumpling and less soup — and the wrappers are pressed by hand rather than rolled.
Ⅱ.根据提示完成短文
We have found our hometown changed a lot over the past ten years. The roads ①__________________ (被看见正变得) wider and wider.And we can ②______________________ (注意到高楼建成) one after another. Life in the town has become more convenient and comfortable than before. People can ③______________________ (发现他们的收入增长) continuously. We can ④__________________________ (感觉到人们享受) their happy life.
教材听力“再利用”
一、由听力厚积语料库
1．______________ 空气污染
2．______________ 随意；随便
3．______________ 在19世纪
4．______________ 犯了一个错误
5．suffer from ______________
6．according to
7．as a result of ______________
8．take measures ______________
二、教材录音材料的发掘训练
1．What is the lecturer mainly talking about？( )
A．Air pollution in cities.
B．The smog in London.
C．The measures to reduce smog.
2．When was the term “smog” first used？( )
A．In the 1700s. B．In the 1800s.
C．In the 1900s.
3．What causes the smog nowadays？( )
A．Burning coal.
B．Cutting too many trees.
C．Chemicals coming from traffic and factories.
4．Where does the conversation take place？( )
A．At a library.
B．In a lecture hall.
C．At the TV station.
三、依据教材听力完成句子
1．London was one of the cities ____________________________________.
2．The problem ________________________， so thick smog covered the city.
3．Nowadays, smog still exists, but is produced by __________________________________.
4．However, governments are taking measures to reduce smog________________________.
5．Well, for example, factories must follow rules about__________________________.
四、听说交际训练
根据汉语提示，完成下面关于保护环境的对话。
M：I just looked through that article about plastic pollution online. It's shocking to see the extent of damage we're doing to our oceans. There are also pictures of the polluted ocean. The floating plastic takes away from the beauty of the oceans. Besides, I've heard that some people ①__________________________________ (自由地把塑料扔进大海里)．
W：With 300 million tons of plastic produced yearly, most of them end up in the oceans, ②__________________ (伤害海洋生物) and eventually our own health through seafood.
M：It's alarming! The problem seems so vast.
W：The government should ③______________ (采取措施) to let people reduce personal plastic consumption. Besides, everyone should consider carrying reusable bags and recycling whenever possible.
M：Good idea. In addition, every month there are beach cleanup events on the beach ④____________________________ (有很多游客的). We can take part.
W：Brilliant!
M：⑤________________ (让我们做出一个承诺): Give up store bought bottled water and bring our own bottles instead every day.
W：Deal! Together, we can inspire others and create a positive effect.
听力素养“漫养成”
|掌握规律技法|
“礼貌打断别人”的常见表达
1．I'm sorry, but may I interrupt you a few seconds
很抱歉，我能打断你一下吗？
2．If you don't mind, may I say a word here
如果你不介意的话，我可以在这儿说上一句吗？
3．Excuse me for interrupting you.
对不起打断你说话了。
4．Just a moment please, I want to say something about the issue.
请稍等，我想就这个问题说明一下。
5．I'm sorry to interrupt but you're needed (on the phone/in the office/in the classroom/etc.)．
很抱歉打扰你，但是(电话里/办公室里/教室里/等等)有人找你。
6．Sorry for the interruption. It's Jim on the phone.
对不起，打扰了。吉姆来电话了。
7．Pardon me, I have John on the phone.
对不起，我正在和约翰通话。
8．I'm sorry to interrupt you, but this will only take a minute.很抱歉打断你，但这只需要一分钟。
9．I apologize for the interruption, but I have an important question.
抱歉打断你，但我有一个重要的问题。
|多积主题表达|
1．environmental protection 环境保护
2．in peace 和平地；和睦地；安详地
3．in danger (of) 在危险中；垂危
4．die out 灭亡；逐渐消失
5．do harm to 对……有害
6．lead to 导致；造成(后果)
7．protect ...from 保护……不受……
8．set aside 将……放在一边；暂时不考虑
9．leave ...alone 不管；让……独自待着
10．go against nature 违背大自然
11．organic farming 有机农业
12．Reusing waste can make the environment around us cleaner and cleaner.
废物再利用可以使我们周围的环境越来越干净。
13．Harmony between man and nature reflects man's care and respect for life.
人与自然和谐相处，体现了人类对生命的关怀和尊重。
14．The reason why the number of the wildlife is decreasing is that their living places have been badly destroyed.
野生动物数量减少的原因是它们的栖息地被严重破坏了。
15．Each species contributes to the variety of life forms on the Earth and plays an important role in maintaining life.
每个物种都对地球上各种各样的生命形式做出了贡献，并在维持生命方面起着重要的作用。
1．Now, she is a model and performance artist devoted to ocean conservation.
现在，她是一位致力于海洋保护的模特和表演艺术家。
★devote v．致力，献身，倾注
|用|法|感|知|
(“人物描述”佳句)He decided to devote the rest of his life to scientific investigation.
他决定将自己的余生献给科学研究事业。
All his life was devoted to helping those who needed to be helped.
他一生致力于帮助那些需要帮助的人。
We're moved by his devotion to his students.
我们被他对学生的奉献所感动。
(1)devote oneself/one's life/money/energy to (doing) ...
把自己/一生/金钱/精力奉献给(用于)……
(2)devoted adj. 挚爱的；忠诚的
be devoted to 忠诚于，专心致力于
(3)devotion n. 挚爱；忠诚；奉献
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Mrs White, a ____________ friend of mine, __________ all her energy to her career and her ____________ to children made us vote for her.Finally, she was promoted to headmistress. (devote)
②Neighbors __________________________ others rebuild.
邻居们抽出他们的空闲时间去帮助其他人重建(房子)。
2．In recent years, we have seen large areas of wetland that were damaged by human activity.
近年来，我们看到了大面积的湿地被人类活动所破坏。
★damage v．破损，损害，损伤 n．损坏，破坏，损失；损害；伤害
|用|法|感|知|
Staying up late can damage your health.
熬夜会损害你的健康。
The earthquake caused damage to property estimated at D|S6 million.
地震造成大约600万美元的财产损失。
归纳点拨 do/cause (serious) damage to ...对……造成(严重的)损失/破坏/损害 damage one's health 损害某人的健康
轻巧识记
|应|用|融|会|
(1)完成句子
①It is estimated that ______________________________. 据估计，损失超过了一百万美元。
②The accident __________________ the car.
这次事故给这辆车造成大量的损坏。
(2)选词填空(damage, ruin, destroy)
③The earthquake __________ almost the whole town.
④You'll __________ your health if you go on like this.
⑤The car was only slightly __________ in the accident.
[易混辨析] damage, ruin, destroy
damage 指价值、用途、外表等部分的损坏，尚可修复
ruin 多指因外部原因而受到严重破坏或毁灭，侧重破坏的彻底性，也可用于引申意义，表示毁灭某人或某人的希望等
destroy 多指彻底地、毁灭性地破坏，导致不能或很难修复
3．We've also seen droughts and floods caused by these changes, which affect the water supply downstream.
我们也看到了由这些变化引起的干旱和洪水，这些影响到了下游供水。
★affect v．影响；打动；(疾病)侵袭
|用|法|感|知|
Many external influences can affect your state of mind.
许多外在因素都可能影响你的心情。
Optimism has a positive effect on people's physical and mental health.
乐观对人们的身心健康有着积极的影响。
(1)be affected by ... 被……打动；被……(疾病)侵袭
be affected with high fever 发高烧
(2)effect n. 影响；结果
have an effect on ... 对……有影响
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①He didn't attend the conference because he __________ (affect) with high fever.
②Skipping meals __________ (affect) him greatly, which means bad living habits had an effect __________ his health.
③We want to know whether the drug ______________ people's health.
我们想知道这种药对人们的健康是否有影响。
4．This includes keeping the original environment from being touched，as well as adopting new, sustainable ways of feeding farm animals.
这包括保持原始环境不被破坏，以及采用新的、可持续的方式喂养农场动物。
★adopt v．采取(某种方法)；采纳；收养
|用|法|感|知|
(“建议”类写作佳句)We should try to adopt a greener lifestyle.
我们应该尽量采取更环保的生活方式。
The little girl in the story was left an orphan and a poor peasant woman adopted her.
故事中，小女孩成了孤儿，一位贫困的农妇收养了她。
The adoption of the new technology improved the production.
新技术的采用增加了产量。
(1)adopt one's suggestion/advice 采纳某人的建议
adopt sb. as ... 收养某人为……
adopt an attitude/measures/methods 采取一种态度/措施/方法
(2)adopted adj. 收养的；领养的
adoption n. 采用；收养；领养
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①She treated her __________ (adopt) son as if he were her own.
②If you cannot have children of your own, why not consider __________ (adopt)
③All three teams ______________________ to the problem.
三个队采用了不同的方法处理这个问题。
名师点津 adopt与adapt是形近词，在书写时，注意区别，切莫混淆。adapt意为“使……适应；改写，改编”。
语境串记 The young couple had no children of their own, so they adopted an orphan. After a few months, the child came to adapt to his new life. 这对年轻夫妇没有自己的孩子，于是他们领养了一名孤儿。几个月过后，这个孩子渐渐适应了他的新生活。
5．Reduce waste by choosing reusable products — get a reusable water bottle, for example.
通过选择可重复使用的产品来减少浪费——例如，买一个可重复使用的水瓶。
★reduce v．减少，降低
|用|法|感|知|
Eye exercises can help reduce the rate of eye disorder.
眼保健操能帮助降低患眼疾的概率。
(“丰富细节”写作典句) It was foggy so I had to reduce speed to forty kilometres an hour.
由于大雾，我不得不把车速减到每小时40千米。
If you buy more than ten, we will reduce the price by 10 percent.
如果你买10个以上，我们就会把价格降低10%。
(1)reduce ... to ... 减少到……
reduce ... by ... 减少了……
(2)reduce ... to (doing) sth. 使陷入(更坏的)境地/使沦落到(做)某事
(3)reduction n. 减少，降低；折扣
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①We will make a __________ (reduce) for you if you buy in bulk.
②The new bridge can reduce travelling time from 50 minutes __________ 15 minutes.
③Though the price of the house has been __________ 10%, we can't afford it either.
尽管房价下降了10%，我们还是买不起。
[名师点津] reduce和介词to搭配时，后接具体数字； 与by搭配时，通常接百分数或具体数字。有类似用法的还有decrease, increase, rise等。
Section Ⅲ
语法专题突破
学案中理清
一、[会发现] 逻辑主语 被动式
[对点练] ①calling ②moving ③smoking ④reading
⑤going
二、[对点练] ①have my photograph taken
②found their houses changed ③with his work finished
应用中融通
Ⅰ.1.fixed 2.lying 3.waiting 4.conducting 5.stored 6.prepared
Ⅱ.①are seen becoming ②notice high buildings completed
③find their income increasing ④feel people enjoying
听力发掘训练
一、1.air pollution 2.feel free to 3.in the 1800s
4．make a mistake 5.受苦，受难
6．据(……所说)；按(……所报道)
7．由于；作为……的结果 8.采取措施
二、1～4 ACCB
三、1.where smog caused big problems
2．was that there was no wind
3．chemicals coming from traffic and factories
4．as much as possible
5．what chemicals they use
四、①are free to throw plastic in it
②harming sea life
③take measures
④where there are many tourists
⑤Let's make a promise
新知深化学习
1．①devoted; devoted; devotion
②devoted their spare time to helping
2．①the damage is over one million dollars
②did a lot of damage to ③destroyed ④ruin ⑤damaged
3．①was affected ②affected; on ③has an effect on
4．①adopted ②adoption ③adopted different methods
5．①reduction ②to ③reduced by(共116张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Using language
目 录
语法专题突破
听力发掘训练
新知深化学习
课时跟踪检测
语法专题突破
语法项目——现在分词和过去分词作宾语补足语
语境中体悟
I heard an old song sung① last week, but I didn't remember its title. Just when I passed by the store, I heard it being sung② again. In the square outside the store I also saw many people dancing to the music③ . The song was so sweet that it got me involved in it④ . But the square was too noisy, and I had to raise my voice to make myself heard⑤ .
[语法入门]
①过去分词作宾语补足语，与其逻辑主语song之间存在动宾关系。
②现在分词作宾语补足语，其逻辑主语为it，表示正在被做，用现在分词的被动式。
③现在分词短语作宾语补足语，其逻辑主语为people。
④过去分词短语作宾语补足语，与其逻辑主语me之间存在动宾关系。
⑤过去分词作宾语补足语，与其逻辑主语myself之间存在动宾关系。
一、现在分词作宾语补足语
[先感知]
①I saw the little boy crying there.
②(教材典句)Benchley saw sharks being killed and this caused a deep change in him.
学案中理清
③We kept the fire burning all night long.
④I won't have you running about in the room.
⑤(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)He nodded and bit his lip, with tears welling up in his eyes.
[会发现]
以上各句中，现在分词(短语)在句中作宾语补足语，其前的宾语是它们各自的 ，其中句②为现在分词的 。
逻辑主语
被动式
[明规则]
1．现在分词(短语)作宾语补足语的形式与意义
形式 与宾语之间的关系 意义
doing 逻辑上的主谓关系 表示正在进行
being done 逻辑上的被动关系
2．现在分词(短语)作宾语补足语的用法
(1)位于感官动词之后，如see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等。
(2)位于使役动词之后，如have, let, keep, get, leave等。
(3)用于“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中。
[对点练] (单句语法填空)
①After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother's voice _______(call) him.
②If you wave your book in front of your face, you can feel the air ________(move) against your face.
calling
moving
③A cook will be immediately fired if he is found (smoke) in the kitchen.
④If she catches you (read) her diary, she'll be angry.
⑤I couldn't do my homework with all that noise (go) on.
smoking
reading
going
二、过去分词作宾语补足语
[先感知]
①(教材典句)People just wanted them killed.
②He got up late and hurried to his office, leaving the breakfast untouched.
③Claire had her luggage checked an hour before her plane left.
④They managed to make themselves understood by using very simple English.
⑤When I came in, I found a strange girl seated in the corner.
⑥(2022·全国甲卷)With the efforts made by both sides, we began to understand each other better.
[会发现]
以上各句中，过去分词(短语)在句中作宾语补足语，它们各自的逻辑主语是其前的宾语。
[明规则]
1．过去分词作宾语补足语，说明宾语的性质或状态，或表示一个被动的动作。宾语和宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语，宾语是宾语补足语的逻辑主语。句子由主动语态变为被动语态时，宾语补足语相应地变为主语补足语。
2．过去分词作宾语补足语的用法：
(1)过去分词常用在表状态的keep，leave等词的后面作宾语补足语。
(2)过去分词常用在使役动词have，get和make的后面作宾语补足语。
①“have/get＋宾语＋过去分词”意为“使……被；让别人做某事”，不过“have＋宾语＋过去分词”还有“遭遇到某种不幸”之意。
②在“make＋宾语＋过去分词”这种结构中，过去分词表示结果。
(3)感官动词see, hear, notice, observe, watch, feel, find等后，也可用过去分词作宾语补足语，表示该动作与宾语之间是动宾关系或该动作已经完成。
(4)表示“意愿；命令”的动词，如like, want, wish, expect, order等后接过去分词作宾语补足语，表示命令或希望某件事被完成。
(5)过去分词用在“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。
[对点练] (完成句子)
①I need a new passport so I will have to .
我需要一个新护照，因此我得去让人给我照相。
②The next morning people .
第二天早上，人们发现他们的房子变了样。
have my photograph taken
found their houses changed
③John received an invitation to dinner, and , he gladly accepted it.
约翰收到一份宴请函，而且他的工作也做完了，他就欣然接受了邀请。
with his work finished
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．He lay on his own bed, with his eyes (fix) on the ceiling(天花板)，considering that puzzling problem.
2．Hearing the news, Bob rushed out, leaving the book ( lie ) open on the table, and disappeared in the distance.
应用中融通
fixed
lying
3．Mr Johnson, I'm really sorry to have kept you (wait) for a long time.
4．(2024·浙江1月高考) Then I noticed folk (conduct) spring cleans dropping boxes of voluminous books on various subjects there.
waiting
conducting
5. (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) With over 2,500 bikes (store) in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you.
6．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)There, you'll find them __________(prepare)differently — more dumpling and less soup — and the wrappers are pressed by hand rather than rolled.
stored
prepared
Ⅱ.根据提示完成短文
We have found our hometown changed a lot over the past ten years. The roads ① (被看见正变得)wider and wider.And we can ② (注意到高楼建成) one after another. Life in the town has become more convenient and comfortable than before. People can ③ (发现他们的收入增长) continuously. We can ④ (感觉到人们享受) their happy life.
are seen becoming
notice high buildings completed
find their income increasing
feel people enjoying
听力发掘训练
一、由听力厚积语料库
1． 空气污染
2． 随意；随便
3． 在19世纪
4． 犯了一个错误
教材听力“再利用”
air pollution
feel free to
in the 1800s
make a mistake
5．suffer from ___________
6．according to ____________________________
7．as a result of ______________________
8．take measures _________
受苦，受难
据(……所说)；按(……所报道)
由于；作为……的结果
采取措施
二、教材录音材料的发掘训练
1．What is the lecturer mainly talking about
A．Air pollution in cities.
B．The smog in London.
C．The measures to reduce smog.
√
2．When was the term “smog” first used
A．In the 1700s. B．In the 1800s.
C．In the 1900s.
√
3．What causes the smog nowadays
A．Burning coal.
B．Cutting too many trees.
C．Chemicals coming from traffic and factories.
√
4．Where does the conversation take place
A．At a library.
B．In a lecture hall.
C．At the TV station.
√
三、依据教材听力完成句子
1．London was one of the cities .
2．The problem , so thick smog covered the city.
3．Nowadays, smog still exists, but is produced by_____________
.
where smog caused big problems
was that there was no wind
chemicals
coming from traffic and factories
4．However, governments are taking measures to reduce smog
.
5．Well, for example, factories must follow rules about_________
.
as much as possible
what
chemicals they use
四、听说交际训练
根据汉语提示，完成下面关于保护环境的对话。
M：I just looked through that article about plastic pollution online. It's shocking to see the extent of damage we're doing to our oceans. There are also pictures of the polluted ocean. The floating plastic takes away from the beauty of the oceans. Besides, I've heard that some people ①
(自由地把塑料扔进大海里)．
are free to throw plastic in it
W：With 300 million tons of plastic produced yearly, most of them end up in the oceans, ② (伤害海洋生物) and eventually our own health through seafood.
M：It's alarming! The problem seems so vast.
W：The government should ③ (采取措施) to let people reduce personal plastic consumption. Besides, everyone should consider carrying reusable bags and recycling whenever possible.
harming sea life
take measures
M：Good idea. In addition, every month there are beach cleanup events on the beach ④ (有很多游客的). We can take part.
W：Brilliant!
M：⑤ (让我们做出一个承诺): Give up store-bought bottled water and bring our own bottles instead every day.
W：Deal! Together, we can inspire others and create a positive effect.
where there are many tourists
Let's make a promise
“礼貌打断别人”的常见表达
1．I'm sorry, but may I interrupt you a few seconds
很抱歉，我能打断你一下吗？
2．If you don't mind, may I say a word here
如果你不介意的话，我可以在这儿说上一句吗？
听力素养“漫养成”
3．Excuse me for interrupting you.
对不起打断你说话了。
4．Just a moment please, I want to say something about the issue.
请稍等，我想就这个问题说明一下。
5．I'm sorry to interrupt but you're needed (on the phone/in the office/in the classroom/etc.)．
很抱歉打扰你，但是(电话里/办公室里/教室里/等等)有人找你。
6．Sorry for the interruption. It's Jim on the phone.
对不起，打扰了。吉姆来电话了。
7．Pardon me, I have John on the phone.
对不起，我正在和约翰通话。
8．I'm sorry to interrupt you, but this will only take a minute.
很抱歉打断你，但这只需要一分钟。
9．I apologize for the interruption, but I have an important question.
抱歉打断你，但我有一个重要的问题。
|多积主题表达|
1．environmental protection 环境保护
2．in peace 和平地；和睦地；安详地
3．in danger (of) 在危险中；垂危
4．die out 灭亡；逐渐消失
5．do harm to 对……有害
6．lead to 导致；造成(后果)
7．protect ...from 保护……不受……
8．set aside 将……放在一边；暂时不考虑
9．leave ...alone 不管；让……独自待着
10．go against nature 违背大自然
11．organic farming 有机农业
12．Reusing waste can make the environment around us cleaner and cleaner.
废物再利用可以使我们周围的环境越来越干净。
13．Harmony between man and nature reflects man's care and respect for life.
人与自然和谐相处，体现了人类对生命的关怀和尊重。
14．The reason why the number of the wildlife is decreasing is that their living places have been badly destroyed.
野生动物数量减少的原因是它们的栖息地被严重破坏了。
15．Each species contributes to the variety of life forms on the Earth and plays an important role in maintaining life.
每个物种都对地球上各种各样的生命形式做出了贡献，并在维持生命方面起着重要的作用。
新知深化学习
1．Now, she is a model and performance artist devoted to ocean conservation.
现在，她是一位致力于海洋保护的模特和表演艺术家。
★devote v．致力，献身，倾注
|用|法|感|知|
(“人物描述”佳句)He decided to devote the rest of his life to scientific investigation.
他决定将自己的余生献给科学研究事业。
All his life was devoted to helping those who needed to be helped.
他一生致力于帮助那些需要帮助的人。
We're moved by his devotion to his students.
我们被他对学生的奉献所感动。
(1)devote oneself/one's life/money/energy to (doing) ...
把自己/一生/金钱/精力奉献给(用于)……
(2)devoted adj. 挚爱的；忠诚的
be devoted to 忠诚于，专心致力于
(3)devotion n. 挚爱；忠诚；奉献
[归纳点拨]
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Mrs White, a friend of mine, all her energy to her career and her to children made us vote for her.Finally, she was promoted to headmistress. (devote)
②Neighbors others rebuild.
邻居们抽出他们的空闲时间去帮助其他人重建(房子)。
devoted
devoted
devotion
devoted their spare time to helping
2．In recent years, we have seen large areas of wetland that were damaged by human activity.
近年来，我们看到了大面积的湿地被人类活动所破坏。
★damage v．破损，损害，损伤 n．损坏，破坏，损失；损害；伤害
|用|法|感|知|
Staying up late can damage your health.
熬夜会损害你的健康。
The earthquake caused damage to property estimated at $6 million.
地震造成大约600万美元的财产损失。
归纳点拨 do/cause (serious) damage to ...
对……造成(严重的)损失/破坏/损害
damage one's health 损害某人的健康
轻巧识记
|应|用|融|会|
(1)完成句子
①It is estimated that .
据估计，损失超过了一百万美元。
②The accident the car.
这次事故给这辆车造成大量的损坏。
the damage is over one million dollars
did a lot of damage to
(2)选词填空(damage, ruin, destroy)
③The earthquake almost the whole town.
④You'll your health if you go on like this.
⑤The car was only slightly in the accident.
destroyed
ruin
damaged
[易混辨析] damage, ruin, destroy
damage 指价值、用途、外表等部分的损坏，尚可修复
ruin 多指因外部原因而受到严重破坏或毁灭，侧重破坏的彻底性，也可用于引申意义，表示毁灭某人或某人的希望等
destroy 多指彻底地、毁灭性地破坏，导致不能或很难修复
3．We've also seen droughts and floods caused by these changes, which affect the water supply downstream.
我们也看到了由这些变化引起的干旱和洪水，这些影响到了下游供水。
★affect v．影响；打动；(疾病)侵袭
|用|法|感|知|
Many external influences can affect your state of mind.
许多外在因素都可能影响你的心情。
Optimism has a positive effect on people's physical and mental health.
乐观对人们的身心健康有着积极的影响。
(1)be affected by ... 被……打动；被……(疾病)侵袭
be affected with high fever 发高烧
(2)effect n. 影响；结果
have an effect on ... 对……有影响
[归纳点拨]
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①He didn't attend the conference because he (affect) with high fever.
②Skipping meals (affect) him greatly, which means bad living habits had an effect his health.
was affected
affected
on
③We want to know whether the drug people's health.
我们想知道这种药对人们的健康是否有影响。
has an effect on
4．This includes keeping the original environment from being touched，as well as adopting new, sustainable ways of feeding farm animals.
这包括保持原始环境不被破坏，以及采用新的、可持续的方式喂养农场动物。
★adopt v．采取(某种方法)；采纳；收养
|用|法|感|知|
(“建议”类写作佳句)We should try to adopt a greener lifestyle.
我们应该尽量采取更环保的生活方式。
The little girl in the story was left an orphan and a poor peasant woman adopted her.
故事中，小女孩成了孤儿，一位贫困的农妇收养了她。
The adoption of the new technology improved the production.
新技术的采用增加了产量。
(1)adopt one's suggestion/advice 采纳某人的建议
adopt sb. as ... 收养某人为……
adopt an attitude/measures/methods 采取一种态度/措施/方法
(2)adopted adj. 收养的；领养的
adoption n. 采用；收养；领养
[归纳点拨]
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①She treated her (adopt) son as if he were her own.
②If you cannot have children of your own, why not consider _________(adopt)
③All three teams to the problem.
三个队采用了不同的方法处理这个问题。
adopted
adoption
adopted different methods
名师点津 adopt与adapt是形近词，在书写时，注意区别，切莫混淆。adapt意为“使……适应；改写，改编”。
语境串记 The young couple had no children of their own, so they adopted an orphan. After a few months, the child came to adapt to his new life. 这对年轻夫妇没有自己的孩子，于是他们领养了一名孤儿。几个月过后，这个孩子渐渐适应了他的新生活。
5．Reduce waste by choosing reusable products — get a reusable water bottle, for example.
通过选择可重复使用的产品来减少浪费——例如，买一个可重复使用的水瓶。
★reduce v．减少，降低
|用|法|感|知|
Eye exercises can help reduce the rate of eye disorder.
眼保健操能帮助降低患眼疾的概率。
(“丰富细节”写作典句) It was foggy so I had to reduce speed to forty kilometres an hour.
由于大雾，我不得不把车速减到每小时40千米。
If you buy more than ten, we will reduce the price by 10 percent.
如果你买10个以上，我们就会把价格降低10%。
(1)reduce ... to ... 减少到……
reduce ... by ... 减少了……
(2)reduce ... to (doing) sth. 使陷入(更坏的)境地/使沦落到(做)某事
(3)reduction n. 减少，降低；折扣
[归纳点拨]
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①We will make a (reduce) for you if you buy in bulk.
②The new bridge can reduce travelling time from 50 minutes ___15 minutes.
reduction
to
③Though the price of the house has been 10%, we can't afford it either.
尽管房价下降了10%，我们还是买不起。
[名师点津] reduce和介词to搭配时，后接具体数字； 与by搭配时，通常接百分数或具体数字。有类似用法的还有decrease, increase, rise等。
reduced by
课时跟踪检测
Ⅰ.阅读理解
News that the biggest mammal is returning in numbers to Antarctica signals a protection victory.In reality, such victories of the hunted over the hunter were a fantasy in the cruel world of industrial whaling.
The blue whale had almost died out from the Southern Ocean by the time a ban on hunting was introduced in 1967.Sightings of the largest mammal ever to live on the Earth had been extremely rare in the region since then.Not any more, a survey of coastal waters around the island of South Georgia in the sub-Antarctic, has obtained remarkable, uplifting results.In just over three weeks, in the krill-rich (富含南极磷虾的) waters of what was once their main feeding ground,
the movements of 55 Antarctic blues were recorded by the British Antarctic Survey.The finding was described as “truly, truly amazing” by one cetacean specialist.
The blue whale belongs to the category of those animals which stir up the public emotions and help drive environmental campaigns.Three years ago, the Natural History Museum fixed a 25m skeleton of a blue whale and named it Hope, intending to stimulate humans to better coexist with nature.
The more general comeback of the whale can be an inspiration for victories yet to be won.It could also act as an added power to take measures immediately on the climate emergency.Warming oceans, which destroy food chains, are becoming a deadly threat.Ecological wrongs can be righted with enough will and organization.
Of the 55 blue whales identified, some were seen but others were only heard through recorded audio.Awareness of ecological wrongs is not enough.We must make sure the Antarctic blue whales will stay.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了蓝鲸回归南极这一消息所代表的含义以及人类应继续保护生态环境，保护蓝鲸。
1．What can we know about the blue whales' comeback
A．It shows the hunters' failure.
B．It marks the success of protection.
C．It shows amazing wrongs are corrected.
D．It signals an ocean's beauty is totally recovered.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“News that the biggest mammal is returning in numbers to Antarctica signals a protection victory.”可知，蓝鲸的回归表明了保护的成功。
2．What can we learn about the blue whales
A．They fed on krill.
B．They reappeared in 1967.
C．They were recorded by hunters.
D．They disappeared due to the ban.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“In just over three weeks, in the krill-rich (富含南极磷虾的) waters of what was once their main feeding ground, the movements of 55 Antarctic blues were recorded by the British Antarctic Survey.”可知，蓝鲸以磷虾为食。
3．Why was the skeleton of a blue named Hope
A．To help specialists support the campaign.
B．To study the immediate effect on blue whales.
C．To stimulate humans to make full use of nature.
D．To inspire humanity to live harmoniously with nature.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Three years ago, the Natural History Museum fixed a 25m skeleton of a blue whale and named it Hope, intending to stimulate humans to better coexist with nature.”可知，将这具骨架命名为“希望”的原因是为了鼓励人类与自然和谐相处。
4．What is the author's opinion on protecting blue whales
A．We still have a long way to go.
B．Men have achieved a complete success.
C．Warming oceans can hardly cause any threat.
D．The protection won't attract the public attention.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，在保护蓝鲸这方面，我们还有很长的路要走。
√
Ⅱ.完形填空
10-year-old Sasha Olsen went on a trip in the summer of 2021 with her family to Vietnam and Japan. She was shocked at the ocean's pollution levels and dying sea animals.
“We went on this trip and I was so 5 ，” said Sasha. “But when I saw the way the oceans had become, I got upset. I wanted to know why things were this way but couldn't find an 6 .”
When she returned home to Bal Harbour, Florida, she grew even more 7 . She learned some of the 8 in South Florida had been closed by the health department because the 9 had too much bacteria (细菌) in it.
Sasha sought the 10 of her cousin, Narmina Aliyev. Together, they 11 a nonprofit organization — Iwantmyoceanback. 12 the group started small, with friends joining together on weekends to 13 the beaches in Bal Harbour. Recently, however, she has 14 events to raise funds for beach cleanups and to 15 to protection groups.
“It's 16 to bring awareness not just through doing cleanups and meetings, but to show people they can come together through their hobbies and 17 together to a common goal，” said Sasha.
Sasha hopes to 18 their work to neighboring cities. “We really want to make ourselves visible and 19 to all，” said Sasha. “After all, in Miami the ocean is everyone's backyard. This is the best place to start.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了10岁的小女孩Sasha Olsen在一次旅行经历中，注意到海洋污染问题，后来与大家建立一个非营利组织清理海滩，并组织活动提高人们的意识，大家共同努力让海滩恢复如初。
5．A.tired B．surprised
C．excited D．disappointed
解析：根据下文“But when I saw the way the oceans had become, I got upset.”中的But可知，此空处表达的意思与upset为转折关系，结合句意，此处应为“兴奋的”。tired“疲惫的”；surprised“吃惊的”；excited“兴奋的”；disappointed“失望的”。故选C项。
√
6．A.answer B．approach
C．opportunity D．opinion
解析：根据上文“I wanted to know why things were this way but ...”中的why可知，此处应该是找不到“答案”。answer“答案”；approach“方法”；opportunity“机会”；opinion“观点”。故选A项。
√
7．A.relaxed B．upset
C．embarrassed D．confused
解析：根据上文中的“But when I saw the way the oceans had become, I got upset.”以及空前的more可知，此处指的是更加的“沮丧”。relaxed“放松的”；upset“沮丧的”；embarrassed“尴尬的”；confused“困惑的”。故选B项。
√
8．A.organizations B．oceans
C．animals D．beaches
解析：根据下文中的“ the group started small, with friends joining together on weekends to the beaches in Bal Harbour.”可知，此处指的是“沙滩”被封闭。organization“组织”；ocean“海洋”；animal“动物”；beach“沙滩”。故选D项。
√
9．A.trip B．city
C．water D．people
解析：根据下文“had too much bacteria (细菌) in it”中的in it可知，此处指的是“水”中有细菌。故选C项。
√
10．A.help B．suggestion
C．praise D．comfort
解析：结合语境可知，此处指的是Sasha 寻求“帮助”。help“帮助”；suggestion“建议”；praise“表扬”；comfort“安慰”。故选A项。
√
√
11．A.picked up B．took up
C．set up D．got up
解析：根据下文中的“a nonprofit organization — Iwantmyoceanback”可知，此处指的是“成立”一个非营利性组织。pick up“拾起”；take up“拿起，从事”；set up“建立”；get up“起床”。故选C项。
12．A.Fortunately B．Originally
C．Cruelly D．Conveniently
解析：根据下文中的“the group started small”可知，在该组织起步的时候，规模比较小。fortunately“幸运地”；originally“起初”；cruelly“残忍地”；conveniently“便利地”。故选B项。
√
13．A.research B．pick
C．explore D．clean
解析：根据下文“Recently, however, she has events to raise funds for beach cleanups ...”中的cleanups可知，此处指的是“清理”沙滩。research“研究”；pick“挑选”；explore“探索”；clean“打扫，使……干净”。故选D项。
√
14．A.held B．bought
C．recorded D．seen
解析：根据下文中的“events to raise funds”可知，活动与“举办”搭配，此处表示举办活动来筹集资金。hold“举行，握住”；buy“买”；record“记录”；see“目暏”。故选A项。
√
15．A.refer B．turn
C．donate D．lead
解析：根据上文中的“to raise funds for beach cleanups”可知，举办活动筹集资金是做善事，所以此处指“捐给”保护组织。refer“参考，查阅”；turn“转向，翻转”；donate“捐赠”；lead“引导”。故选C项。
√
16．A.foolish B．important
C．scary D．sustainable
解析：根据下文中的“to bring awareness”以及语境可知，通过活动来提高人们的意识是很“重要的”。foolish“愚蠢的”；important“重要的”；scary“吓人的”；sustainable“可持续的”。故选B项。
√
17．A.learn B．make
C．play D．work
解析：根据上文中的“they can come together through their hobbies”以及下文中的“to a common goal”可知，此处指的是人们为了共同的目标一起努力。work together意为“一起工作”，符合语境。故选D项。
√
18．A.extend B．observe
C．release D．announce
解析：根据下文中的“to neighboring cities”可知，此处表示将此工作“拓展”到邻近城市。extend“拓展，延伸”；observe“观察”；release“释放”；announce“宣告”。故选A项。
√
19．A.intelligent B．unique
C．interesting D．influential
解析：结合语境可知，将这些工作拓展到邻近的城市，就是为了扩大该组织的“影响力”。intelligent“智力的”；unique“独特的”；interesting“有趣的”；influential“有影响力的”。故选D项。
√
Ⅲ.语法填空
Repair Café
When things around the house stop working, what do you usually do with them If you're 1 a lot of people, you probably just throw them away.
This tendency has led to the modern nickname: the throwaway culture. There are many reasons for this trend. In some areas 2 it's difficult to find people who can make repairs, fixing things can be quite expensive. Also, some small appliances are so inexpensive that it's often much 3 (easy) to just buy a new one.
In 2009, Martine Postma from the Netherlands decided there must be a better way. Her solution was Repair Café： places where people can take damaged or 4 (tear) items. There they will find tools, resources and volunteer experts who are willing to help with repairs.
Postma's first Repair Café opened on October 18th, 2009, in Amsterdam, and was a huge success. News of the café spread, and people began asking if they could start their own. In 2011, Postma established the Repair Café Foundation. This 5 (profit) organization provides guidance to those 6 (hope) to begin their own neighborhood repair group.
Today, there are roughly 2,000 Repair Cafés around the world with meetings typically 7 (occur) once a month. Around 25 objects per session are repaired. All is free, but donations are greatly appreciated.
Not only 8 the cafés provide help with repairs, but they also strengthen community ties. Neighbors get to know one another as they work together on projects. In addition, valuable knowledge is passed along and preserved. Items are kept rather than thrown away, meaning less trash in landfills. 9 an average broken item weighs a kilo, it's been estimated that 2,000 Repair Cafés prevent 35,000 kilos of trash every month. That 10 (add) up to about 420,000 kilos per year!
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了来自荷兰的马丁·波斯特玛成立的Repair Café以及它们为人们的生活带来的好处。
1．like 考查介词。根据句意可知，此处表示“像……一样”，应用介词like。
2．where 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，且在定语从句中作地点状语，先行词为areas, 故用关系副词 where引导。
3．easier 考查形容词比较级。空处需填形容词作表语，根据语境，much修饰形容词比较级，故填easier。
4．torn 考查非谓语动词。此处需填非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词items，tear和items之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故填过去分词形式。
5．nonprofit 考查语境辨义。根据下文“All is free”可知，此处表示“非营利的”，故用形容词nonprofit。
6．hoping 考查非谓语动词。hope与其所修饰的代词those之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词形式作后置定语。
7．occurring 考查非谓语动词。此处为with复合结构“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的用法；meetings和occur之间为主谓关系，需用现在分词形式作宾语补足语。
8．do 考查倒装句。not only位于句首，其所在分句应使用部分倒装。结合“strengthen”可知，此处应用一般现在时，故助动词使用do。
9．If 考查状语从句。空处引导条件状语从句，表示假设，需用if引导，位于句首，首字母需大写。
10．adds/will add 考查时态和主谓一致。此处表示“每年加起来大约42万公斤”，故空处可用一般现在时或一般将来时；主语为That，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式，故填adds/will add。UNIT 6 课时检测(三) Using language
Ⅰ.阅读理解
News that the biggest mammal is returning in numbers to Antarctica signals a protection victory.In reality, such victories of the hunted over the hunter were a fantasy in the cruel world of industrial whaling.
The blue whale had almost died out from the Southern Ocean by the time a ban on hunting was introduced in 1967.Sightings of the largest mammal ever to live on the Earth had been extremely rare in the region since then.Not any more, a survey of coastal waters around the island of South Georgia in the sub Antarctic, has obtained remarkable, uplifting results.In just over three weeks, in the krill rich (富含南极磷虾的) waters of what was once their main feeding ground, the movements of 55 Antarctic blues were recorded by the British Antarctic Survey.The finding was described as “truly, truly amazing” by one cetacean specialist.
The blue whale belongs to the category of those animals which stir up the public emotions and help drive environmental campaigns.Three years ago, the Natural History Museum fixed a 25m skeleton of a blue whale and named it Hope, intending to stimulate humans to better coexist with nature.
The more general comeback of the whale can be an inspiration for victories yet to be won.It could also act as an added power to take measures immediately on the climate emergency.Warming oceans, which destroy food chains, are becoming a deadly threat.Ecological wrongs can be righted with enough will and organization.
Of the 55 blue whales identified, some were seen but others were only heard through recorded audio.Awareness of ecological wrongs is not enough.We must make sure the Antarctic blue whales will stay.
1．What can we know about the blue whales' comeback
A．It shows the hunters' failure.
B．It marks the success of protection.
C．It shows amazing wrongs are corrected.
D．It signals an ocean's beauty is totally recovered.
2．What can we learn about the blue whales
A．They fed on krill.
B．They reappeared in 1967.
C．They were recorded by hunters.
D．They disappeared due to the ban.
3．Why was the skeleton of a blue named Hope
A．To help specialists support the campaign.
B．To study the immediate effect on blue whales.
C．To stimulate humans to make full use of nature.
D．To inspire humanity to live harmoniously with nature.
4．What is the author's opinion on protecting blue whales
A．We still have a long way to go.
B．Men have achieved a complete success.
C．Warming oceans can hardly cause any threat.
D．The protection won't attract the public attention.
Ⅱ.完形填空
10 year old Sasha Olsen went on a trip in the summer of 2021 with her family to Vietnam and Japan.She was shocked at the ocean's pollution levels and dying sea animals.
“We went on this trip and I was so __5__，” said Sasha.“But when I saw the way the oceans had become, I got upset.I wanted to know why things were this way but couldn't find an __6__.”
When she returned home to Bal Harbour, Florida, she grew even more __7__.She learned some of the __8__ in South Florida had been closed by the health department because the __9__ had too much bacteria (细菌) in it.
Sasha sought the __10__ of her cousin, Narmina Aliyev.Together, they __11__ a nonprofit organization — Iwantmyoceanback.__12__ the group started small, with friends joining together on weekends to __13__ the beaches in Bal Harbour.Recently, however, she has __14__ events to raise funds for beach cleanups and to __15__ to protection groups.
“It's __16__ to bring awareness not just through doing cleanups and meetings, but to show people they can come together through their hobbies and __17__ together to a common goal，” said Sasha.
Sasha hopes to __18__ their work to neighboring cities.“We really want to make ourselves visible and __19__ to all，” said Sasha.“After all, in Miami the ocean is everyone's backyard.This is the best place to start.”
5.A.tired B．surprised
C．excited D．disappointed
6．A.answer B．approach
C．opportunity D．opinion
7．A.relaxed B．upset
C．embarrassed D．confused
8．A.organizations B．oceans
C．animals D．beaches
9．A.trip B．city
C．water D．people
10．A.help B．suggestion
C．praise D．comfort
11．A.picked up B．took up
C．set up D．got up
12．A.Fortunately B．Originally
C．Cruelly D．Conveniently
13．A.research B．pick
C．explore D．clean
14．A.held B．bought
C．recorded D．seen
15．A.refer B．turn
C．donate D．lead
16．A.foolish B．important
C．scary D．sustainable
17．A.learn B．make
C．play D．work
18．A.extend B．observe
C．release D．announce
19．A.intelligent B．unique
C．interesting D．influential
Ⅲ.语法填空
Repair Café
When things around the house stop working, what do you usually do with them If you're __1__ a lot of people, you probably just throw them away.
This tendency has led to the modern nickname: the throwaway culture.There are many reasons for this trend.In some areas __2__ it's difficult to find people who can make repairs, fixing things can be quite expensive.Also, some small appliances are so inexpensive that it's often much __3__ (easy) to just buy a new one.
In 2009, Martine Postma from the Netherlands decided there must be a better way.Her solution was Repair Café： places where people can take damaged or __4__ (tear) items.There they will find tools, resources and volunteer experts who are willing to help with repairs.
Postma's first Repair Café opened on October 18th, 2009, in Amsterdam, and was a huge success.News of the café spread, and people began asking if they could start their own.In 2011, Postma established the Repair Café Foundation.This __5__ (profit) organization provides guidance to those __6__ (hope) to begin their own neighborhood repair group.
Today, there are roughly 2,000 Repair Cafés around the world with meetings typically __7__ (occur) once a month.Around 25 objects per session are repaired.All is free, but donations are greatly appreciated.
Not only __8__ the cafés provide help with repairs, but they also strengthen community ties.Neighbors get to know one another as they work together on projects.In addition, valuable knowledge is passed along and preserved.Items are kept rather than thrown away, meaning less trash in landfills.__9__ an average broken item weighs a kilo, it's been estimated that 2,000 Repair Cafés prevent 35,000 kilos of trash every month.That __10__ (add) up to about 420,000 kilos per year!
UNIT 6 课时检测(三)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了蓝鲸回归南极这一消息所代表的含义以及人类应继续保护生态环境,保护蓝鲸。
1.选B 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“News that the biggest mammal is returning in numbers to Antarctica signals a protection victory.”可知,蓝鲸的回归表明了保护的成功。
2.选A 细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“In just over three weeks, in the krill rich (富含南极磷虾的) waters of what was once their main feeding ground, the movements of 55 Antarctic blues were recorded by the British Antarctic Survey.”可知,蓝鲸以磷虾为食。
3.选D 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Three years ago, the Natural History Museum fixed a 25m skeleton of a blue whale and named it Hope, intending to stimulate humans to better coexist with nature.”可知,将这具骨架命名为“希望”的原因是为了鼓励人类与自然和谐相处。
4.选A 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,在保护蓝鲸这方面,我们还有很长的路要走。
Ⅱ.完形填空
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了10岁的小女孩Sasha Olsen在一次旅行经历中,注意到海洋污染问题,后来与大家建立一个非营利组织清理海滩,并组织活动提高人们的意识,大家共同努力让海滩恢复如初。
5.选C 根据下文“But when I saw the way the oceans had become, I got upset.”中的But可知,此空处表达的意思与upset为转折关系,结合句意,此处应为“兴奋的”。tired“疲惫的”;surprised“吃惊的”;excited“兴奋的”;disappointed“失望的”。故选C项。
6.选A 根据上文“I wanted to know why things were this way but ...”中的why可知,此处应该是找不到“答案”。answer“答案”;approach“方法”;opportunity“机会”;opinion“观点”。故选A项。
7.选B 根据上文中的“But when I saw the way the oceans had become, I got upset.”以及空前的more可知,此处指的是更加的“沮丧”。relaxed“放松的”;upset“沮丧的”;embarrassed“尴尬的”;confused“困惑的”。故选B项。
8.选D 根据下文中的“ the group started small, with friends joining together on weekends to the beaches in Bal Harbour.”可知,此处指的是“沙滩”被封闭。organization“组织”;ocean“海洋”;animal“动物”;beach“沙滩”。故选D项。
9.选C 根据下文“had too much bacteria (细菌) in it”中的in it可知,此处指的是“水”中有细菌。故选C项。
10.选A 结合语境可知,此处指的是Sasha 寻求“帮助”。help“帮助”;suggestion“建议”;praise“表扬”;comfort“安慰”。故选A项。
11.选C 根据下文中的“a nonprofit organization — Iwantmyoceanback”可知,此处指的是“成立”一个非营利性组织。pick up“拾起”;take up“拿起,从事”;set up“建立”;get up“起床”。故选C项。
12.选B 根据下文中的“the group started small”可知,在该组织起步的时候,规模比较小。fortunately“幸运地”;originally“起初”;cruelly“残忍地”;conveniently“便利地”。故选B项。
13.选D 根据下文“Recently, however, she has events to raise funds for beach cleanups ...”中的cleanups可知,此处指的是“清理”沙滩。research“研究”;pick“挑选”;explore“探索”;clean“打扫,使……干净”。故选D项。
14.选A 根据下文中的“events to raise funds”可知,活动与“举办”搭配,此处表示举办活动来筹集资金。hold“举行,握住”;buy“买”;record“记录”;see“目暏”。故选A项。
15.选C 根据上文中的“to raise funds for beach cleanups”可知,举办活动筹集资金是做善事,所以此处指“捐给”保护组织。refer“参考,查阅”;turn“转向,翻转”;donate“捐赠”;lead“引导”。故选C项。
16.选B 根据下文中的“to bring awareness”以及语境可知,通过活动来提高人们的意识是很“重要的”。foolish“愚蠢的”;important“重要的”;scary“吓人的”;sustainable“可持续的”。故选B项。
17.选D 根据上文中的“they can come together through their hobbies”以及下文中的“to a common goal”可知,此处指的是人们为了共同的目标一起努力。work together意为“一起工作”,符合语境。故选D项。
18.选A 根据下文中的“to neighboring cities”可知,此处表示将此工作“拓展”到邻近城市。extend“拓展,延伸”;observe“观察”;release“释放”;announce“宣告”。故选A项。
19.选D 结合语境可知,将这些工作拓展到邻近的城市,就是为了扩大该组织的“影响力”。intelligent“智力的”;unique“独特的”;interesting“有趣的”;influential“有影响力的”。故选D项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了来自荷兰的马丁·波斯特玛成立的Repair Café以及它们为人们的生活带来的好处。
1.like 考查介词。根据句意可知,此处表示“像……一样”,应用介词like。
2.where 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句,且在定语从句中作地点状语,先行词为areas, 故用关系副词 where引导。
3.easier 考查形容词比较级。空处需填形容词作表语,根据语境,much修饰形容词比较级,故填easier。
4.torn 考查非谓语动词。此处需填非谓语动词作定语,修饰名词items,tear和items之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,故填过去分词形式。
5.nonprofit 考查语境辨义。根据下文“All is free”可知,此处表示“非营利的”,故用形容词nonprofit。
6.hoping 考查非谓语动词。hope与其所修饰的代词those之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词形式作后置定语。
7.occurring 考查非谓语动词。此处为with复合结构“with+宾语+宾语补足语”的用法;meetings和occur之间为主谓关系,需用现在分词形式作宾语补足语。
8.do 考查倒装句。not only位于句首,其所在分句应使用部分倒装。结合“strengthen”可知,此处应用一般现在时,故助动词使用do。
9.If 考查状语从句。空处引导条件状语从句,表示假设,需用if引导,位于句首,首字母需大写。
10.adds/will add 考查时态和主谓一致。此处表示“每年加起来大约42万公斤”,故空处可用一般现在时或一般将来时;主语为That,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式,故填adds/will add。
