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姓名 班级 考号
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UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT
全卷满分150分 考试用时120分钟
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What has led Amy to success
A.Her intelligence. B.Her effort.
C.Her luck.
2.What does the woman think of Julia's teacher
A.Gentle. B.Strict. C.Patient.
3.Where does the conversation take place
A.At a gas station.
B.In a post office.
C.At a grocery store.
4.Why is the man happy
A.He got a good evaluation.
B.He received an award for his work.
C.He learned some interpersonal skills.
5.What are the speakers talking about
A.An athlete. B.A prize. C.A sporting event.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题 5 秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A.Teacher and student.
B.Parent and child.
C.Boss and employee.
7.What does the woman promise to do
A.Take care of her home affairs.
B.Hand in her 7th paper as quickly as possible.
C.Turn in her next paper on schedule.
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
8.What will the woman probably do on the weekend
A.Buy clothes. B.Watch movies.
C.Do homework.
9.How will the man get to the cinema
A.By car. B.By bus. C.By bike.
10.What kind of movie will the speakers probably see
A.An action movie. B.A fantasy movie.
C.A historical movie.
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
11.What will Tony do after lunch
A.Meet a friend. B.Do some shopping.
C.Watch a football game.
12.What is banned in the city center now
A.Driving cars. B.Parking outside.
C.Eating on the street.
13.What does Tony think of the new rules
A.They make life difficult.
B.They happened too soon.
C.They are an improvement.
听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。
14.Why did the woman try a flying experience day
A.Her friend persuaded her.
B.She decided to become a pilot.
C.She expected to see her house from the sky.
15.What did the woman's instructor do during the flight
A.She said little. B.She told jokes.
C.She kept laughing.
16.What did the woman say about the flight
A.It made her very tired.
B.It seemed to last long.
C.It was worse than expected.
17.Which experience day would the woman like to try most
A.Sports car driving. B.Deep-sea fishing.
C.Horse riding.
听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
18.Who is Edward
A.A captain. B.A man built by a scientist.
C.A children's story character.
19.According to the speaker, which was one of Depp's most popular roles
A.Jack Sparrow. B.The Mad Hatter.
C.Edward Scissorhands.
20.Why does the speaker think Depp is successful
A.He's built his own island.
B.He's won an Academy Award.
C.He's earned a fortune as an actor.
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
It is that time of the year, when a handful of the world's leading scholars, social activists and researchers are rewarded with what is often cited as the most prestigious acknowledgement of human efforts—the Nobel Prize. Here's a look at who has won the prize and for what.
Physiology or Medicine
Swedish geneticist Svante P bo won the first Nobel Prize of the year, for starting the field of ancient DNA studies. He is well-known for extracting, sequencing, and analyzing ancient DNA from Neanderthal bones.
Physics
Alain Aspect, John F. Clauser and Anton Zeilinger's work in quantum (量子) technology landed them the second Nobel Prize announced in 2022. Although Aspect is from France, Clauser from the U.S., and Zeilinger from Austria, the three separately performed “groundbreaking experiments” as one team. “Their results have cleared the way for new technology,” the committee stated.
Chemistry
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry went to another trio(三人组), Carolyn R. Bertozzi from the U.S., Morten Meldal from Denmark and K. Barry Sharpless from the U.S. “for the development of click chemistry and bioorthogonal chemistry,” the committee stated. Dr. Bertozzi is the eighth woman chemist to be awarded the prize, while Dr. Sharpless is the fifth scientist to be awarded two Nobel Prizes.
Economic Sciences
The Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded to three American economists, Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond and Philip H. Dybvig “for research on banks and financial crises,” the Nobel Prize committee announced on Monday. By studying the history of American economics, particularly the Great Depression of the 1930s,they improved how we understand the role of banks during times of hardship and the bank's impact on societal functions.
21.What prize is related to the research on bones
A.Physiology or Medicine. B.Chemistry.
C.Physics. D.Economic Sciences.
22.For what study did Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond and Philip H. Dybvig win the prize
A.About societal functions.
B.About the history of America.
C.About banks and financial crises.
D.About the Great Depression of the 1930s.
23.What do the prizes in physics, chemistry and economic sciences have in common
A.Their winners are from different countries.
B.They have three winners.
C.They improve new technology.
D.They help people understand hardship.
B
John von Neumann was the oldest of the three children of a banker, and his speed of learning new ideas and solving problems stood out early. At 17, his father tried to persuade him not to become a mathematician because he might lead a poor life being a mathematician, so von Neumann agreed to study chemistry as well. In 1926, at 23, he received a degree in Chemical Engineering and a PhD in mathematics. From then on, mathematics provided well enough for him, and he never had to turn to chemistry.
In 1930, von Neumann visited Princeton University for a year and then became a professor there. His first book was published in 1932. In 1930, the Institute for Advanced Study was formed, and in 1933 he became one of the six full-time people in the School of Mathematics (Einstein was one of the others).
World War Ⅱ(1931-1945) hugely changed von Neumann's areas of interest. Until 1940 he had been a great pure mathematician. After 1940, he became one of the best mathematicians who put mathematical theories into practice. During the last part of the war he became interested in computing machines and made several fundamental contributions. After the war, von Neumann continued his work with computers, and was generally very active in government service. He received many awards, was president of the American Mathematical Society and was a member of the Atomic Energy Commission. He died of cancer in 1957.
Von Neumann made several great contributions and any one of them would have been enough to earn him a firm place in history. He will be remembered as one of the greatest minds of the 20th century.
Von Neumann really was a legend in his own time, and there are a number of stories about him. His driving ability is a part of his legend. He reported one accident this way: “I was driving down the road. The trees on the right were passing me in an orderly fashion at 60 miles per hour. Suddenly one of them stepped in my path.”
24.Why did John von Neumann also learn chemistry
A.His father didn't trust his talent for mathematics.
B.He believed he could live a wealthy life learning chemistry.
C.His father worried about his income as a mathematician.
D.He had the gift for solving problems at a high speed.
25.How old was John von Neumann when he published his first book
A.25. B.26. C.29. D.32.
26.How did World War Ⅱ affect John von Neumann
A.He realized the importance of engineering.
B.He began to research how to put mathematics into practice.
C.He left college and served at the government department.
D.He was no longer interested in chemistry.
27.Which of the following can best describe John von Neumann
A.Intelligent and humorous. B.Smart but indecisive.
C.Brave and calm. D.Kind and easy-going.
C
The Tanzanian writer Abdulrazak Gurnah, whose experience of crossing continents and cultures plays a vital role in his novels about the impact of migration(移居) on individuals and societies, won the 2021 Nobel Prize in Literature.
Born in 1948 on the island of Zanzibar, Abdulrazak Gurnah never considered the possibility that he might one day be a writer. “It never occurred to me,”he said in an interview. “It wasn't something you could say as you were growing up.”He assumed he would become “someone like an engineer”. In 1964, a violent uprising(暴动) forced Gurnah to flee to England. Unhappy, poor and homesick, he began to write down thoughts in his diary and then stories about other people. Those writings as well as the habit of writing gave rise to his first novel, then nine more.
In almost all of his works, Gurnah has tried to uncover the way in which colonialism(殖民政策) has changed everything in the world, and people who are living through it are still processing that experience and some of its wounds. “The thing that motivated the whole experience of writing for me was this idea of losing my place in the world,” he said.
Anders Olsson, chairman of the Nobel Committee for Literature, called him one of the world's most extraordinary post-colonial writers. He said it was crucial that Gurnah's roots are in Zanzibar, a place that had people from different countries, and was influenced by their cultures long before globalization.
It is of great significance for Africa-born Gurnah to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, which has been occupied by European and North American writers since it was founded in 1901.
28.What do we learn about Abdulrazak Gurnah from Paragraph 2
A.He aimed to be a writer while young.
B.His habit of writing contributed to his career.
C.He fled away to England for political reasons.
D.His earlier stories were mainly about homesickness.
29.What does the underlined word “motivated” mean in Paragraph 3
A.Inspired. B.Persuaded. C.Combined. D.Forecast.
30.What is the reason for Gurnah's winning the Nobel Prize
A.He is a Tanzanian writer.
B.He suffers too much all his life.
C.His rich experience and cultural background count.
D.His novels involve colonialism and the poor life of people.
31.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.A Worldwide Novelist Rooted in Tanzania
B.The Dream of Becoming a Post-colonial Writer
C.Abdulrazak Gurnah Won the Nobel Prize in Literature
D.The Influence of Migration on Individuals and Societies
D
Kenya has been at the forefront of the global war on plastic since 2017, when officials outlawed plastic bags. In 2020, the government raised the demand with a ban on single-use plastic. Unfortunately, tons of industrial and consumer plastic wastes continue to get poured into landfills daily. However, if 29-year-old Nzambi Matee has her way, the unsightly plastic garbage mountain will soon be transformed into colorful bricks.
The material engineer's search for an effective solution to controlling plastic pollution began in 2017, when she set up a small lab in her backyard. It took her nine months to produce the first brick and even longer to convince a partner to help build the machinery to make bricks.
She says, “I wanted to use my education in applied physics and material engineering to do something about plastic waste pollution. But I knew the solution had to be practical, sustainable and affordable. The best way to do this was by channeling the waste into the construction space and finding the most efficient and affordable material to build homes.”
Her company, Gjenge Makers, now hires 112 people and produces over 1,500 bricks a day, which are made using a mix of plastic products that can't be reprocessed or recycled. The collected plastic is obtained directly from factories or picked by hired locals from landfills and mixed with sand, heated at very high temperatures, and compressed (压缩) into bricks that vary in color and thickness. The resulting product is stronger, lighter, and about 30 percent cheaper than traditional concrete (混凝土的) bricks. Most importantly, it helps repurpose the lowest quality of plastic.
Matee is recognized as one of the Young Champions of the Earth 2020—the United Nations' highest environmental honor. Her dream is to reduce rubbish by increasing production and expanding her offerings, which is far from done. She says, “The more plastic we recycle, the more affordable housing we produce...the more employment we create for the youth.”
32.Which word best describes the Kenyan government's measures against plastic
A.Temporary. B.Effective.
C.Fruitless. D.Unreliable.
33.What do we know about Matee
A.She turns knowledge into actual products.
B.Her company is funded by the government.
C.She produces brick-making machinery by herself.
D.Her bricks are made from recyclable plastic wastes.
34.What's the greatest strength of Matee's resulting product
A.Its low costs. B.Its wide range of use.
C.Its economic benefit. D.Its environmental value.
35.What does the last paragraph mainly tell us
A.Matee's achievement.
B.Matee's greater ambition.
C.Multiple challenges Matee faces.
D.Innovative solutions to plastic wastes.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Regardless of how old you are, where you live, or what your career goals are, your final objectives in life are likely to be happy and successful. 36 . It means following your passions, living purposefully, and enjoying the present moment. The following may help you.
Live purposefully. In order to achieve your dreams and be the person you want to be, you will have to start paying attention to your actions. Ask yourself, “Is what I'm doing going to lead me to where I want to be in life ” You may find yourself constantly bored in your free time, daydreaming about the future or past or counting down until the day ends. 37 .
Identify your passions. Before you can achieve success, you will have to define what success means to you. 38 . Identifying your passions, interests, and values will help you set goals and give your life a sense of meaning. If you have trouble identifying these things, then ask a friend or family member to help you.
39 . Be sure to address both short-term and long-term goals. You should try to think beyond financial and career goals, such as relationship goals, personal goals for bettering yourself, things you would like to experience, or things you want to learn. And then, draw up a timeline that says when you want to achieve each part.
Stick to your promises. Planning is not sufficient and it is also vital to keep your word. If you tell someone you will do something, do it. Similarly, don't tell someone you will do something if you're not sure you can. 40 . Don't promise anyone what you can't do.
A.You should be honest about your limits
B.Try to set some long-term goals and reach them
C.There are some tips that can help you achieve your goals
D.It may take several years to realize what your passions are
E.Try to spend your free time doing things that you enjoy doing
F.Make a list of your goals and what you might do to achieve them
G.To be successful means more than just having money and making your mark
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Farming and Gardening
Agriculture has a long history in China. Much of the wisdom 41 by early Chinese scientists is still useful to farmers and gardeners today. One of China's early agricultural scientists was Jia Sixie, who lived in the sixth century AD. He spent his time doing 42 into agriculture. He collected information, did experiments and learnt from the 43 of farmers.
Around 540 AD, he wrote a book called Qimin Yaoshu. The book is about both farming and 44 . It includes advice on the following 45 : growing green vegetables and fruit trees, and keeping animals. Jia Sixie's book is a practical guide to farming. Firstly, as a farmer you should do things at the right time of year. If you sow seeds and 46 young plants in the fields at the correct time of year, your work will be less and the 47 will be better. The 48 of the soil is also very important. Examine the soil on your farm 49 . If the condition of your soil is not good, you should improve it. Before sowing or planting crops, you must clean rough ground and 50 weeds. The best harvest is reached when farmers 51 the crops in their fields. For example, do not plant wheat 52 in the same field. But if you plant soya in a field one year and wheat in the field the next year, you will 53 good crops. Other scientists said that wheat should be planted with 54 between the plants, but Jia did experiments and 55 that planting wheat close together was better.
41.A.discovered B.recovered C.reported D.repeated
42.A.search B.research C.experiment D.statistics
43.A.adventures B.advantages
C.tradition D.experience
44.A.nursing B.gardening C.produce D.trade
45.A.programs B.objectives C.subjects D.events
46.A.drop B.increase C.grow D.throw
47.A.dreams B.endings C.hopes D.results
48.A.application B.situation C.condition D.addition
49.A.successfully B.carefully
C.gradually D.frequently
50.A.remove B.disturb C.increase D.reduce
51.A.keep B.improve C.manage D.change
52.A.one after another B.here and there
C.now and then D.year after year
53.A.benefit B.collect C.harvest D.export
54.A.holes B.lines C.space D.balance
55.A.proved B.meant C.intended D.decided
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When the action movie Wolf Warriors Ⅱbroke China's box-office records in 2017, a less prominent(突出的) figure unexpectedly left a strong 56 (impress) on the audience—a military scientist 57 (call) Dr. Chen who developed a vaccine(疫苗) against a deadly virus spreading across Africa.
In 2015, a real military scientist, Dr. Chen Wei, 58 (send) from China to Africa to fight against the deadly Ebola virus. The only difference between the two figures is 59 the real Dr. Chen is a she.
When SARS broke out in China in 2003, Dr. Chen and her team isolated the virus and identified the cause of the disease without delay. 60 (luck), the efforts devoted by them prevented about 14,000 front-line medical workers from getting infected.
After SARS, the forward-looking woman shifted her attention to Ebola 61 claimed over 10,000 lives worldwide. In 2015, she and her team went to Sierra Leone and started their second phase of clinical experiments. Through trial and error, her vaccine has proven safe and 62 (effect), and been widely administered(给予) to staff assigned to help people in Africa.
Dr. Chen has spent much of her time 63 (fight) against life-threatening viruses. “We have no choice but 64 (win),” she said. And she made 65 .
56. 57. 58. 59. 60.
61. 62. 63. 64. 65.
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是中学生李华,你校正在举办以“我最喜爱的农业科学家”为主题的征文活动,请你根据下面要点提示,描述你所喜欢的农业科学家,内容包括:
1.谁是你最喜欢的农业科学家;
2.这位科学家对人类所做的贡献;
3.你的感想或希望。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.开头已给出,不计入总词数。
My Favourite Agricultural Scientist
Of so many famous scientists all over the world, I admire
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Poor Jack lost his sight at the age of six after a car accident. He was cornered in his dark world. An already terrible life looked completely hopeless. His mother tried to encourage him, but nothing she said could help him at all.
Later Jack did nothing but lie in bed, sighing all day. His mother felt miserable, telling him to live with his disability, work hard and change his life on his own. She said, “Son, since you have lost your sight and nothing can change that, you have to accept it. There are things you can't do. But there are lots of things you can do. You have a creative mind. Find something you enjoy and stick with it, no matter what.”
The future didn't seem too bright for a blind child from the countryside. But as this young boy thought about his mother's words, about what he really wanted to do with his life, he dreamed of becoming a star. So as a child, he would practice playing the piano and singing each day from then on.
Once one of his classmates heard him practicing at school and told him, “You can't play the piano, and you can't sing either. These things are meaningless for you. You are doomed to be a loser.”
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
That classmate's comment was like a sharp knife, cutting Jack's heart into pieces.
In his life, he received countless awards for his music.
答案与分层梯度式解析
UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT
1.B 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.A 6.A 7.C 8.C
9.B 10.B 11.C 12.A 13.C 14.C 15.B 16.B
17.A 18.B 19.A 20.C 21.A 22.C 23.B 24.C
25.C 26.B 27.A 28.B 29.A 30.D 31.C 32.C
33.A 34.D 35.B 36.G 37.E 38.D 39.F 40.A
41.A 42.B 43.D 44.B 45.C 46.C 47.D 48.C
49.B 50.A 51.D 52.D 53.C 54.C 55.A
56.impression 57.called 58.was sent 59.that 60.Luckily 61.which/that 62.effective 63.fighting 64.to win 65.it
第二部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四项诺贝尔奖的获得情况。
21.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中“He is well-known for extracting, sequencing, and analyzing ancient DNA from Neanderthal bones.”可知,诺贝尔生理学或医学奖与骨骼研究有关。故选A。
22.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知,Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond和Philip H. Dybvig凭着关于银行和金融危机的研究获奖。故选C。
23.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“the three separately performed ‘groundbreaking experiments’ as one team”、第四段中的“The Nobel Prize in Chemistry went to another trio(三人组)”以及最后一段中的“The Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded to three American economists”可知,这三个奖项的共同之处是有三个获奖者。故选B。
B
◎语篇解读 文章讲述了著名数学家、计算机科学家、物理学家和化学家约翰·冯·诺依曼的生平经历和取得的重大成就。
24.C 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的“his father tried to persuade him not to become a mathematician because he might lead a poor life being a mathematician”可知,因为他父亲担心他作为数学家的收入,所以冯·诺依曼也学习了化学。故选C项。
25.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In 1926, at 23, he received a degree in Chemical Engineering and a PhD in mathematics.”和第二段中的“His first book was published in 1932.”可知,冯·诺依曼1926年时是23岁,他出版第一本书的时候是1932年,所以那时他29岁。故选C项。
26.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“World War Ⅱ (1931-1945) hugely changed von Neumann's areas of interest.”和“After 1940...into practice.”可知,第二次世界大战让冯·诺依曼开始研究如何把数学应用于实践。故选B项。
27.A 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“He will be remembered as one of the greatest minds of the 20th century.”可知,他非常聪明。最后一段他在描述一次车祸时,将自己与树木之间的动与静的状态颠倒,让人忍俊不禁,由此可知他很幽默。故选A项。
C
◎语篇解读 文章主要介绍了Abdulrazak Gurnah成为作家的经历和获诺贝尔文学奖的原因。
28.B 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的倒数第一、二句可知,他开始在日记中写下自己的想法,然后写下别人的故事。那些作品以及写作的习惯促成了他的第一部小说,随后又有了九部。由此可推知,是他的写作习惯促成了他的事业。故选B。
29.A 词义猜测题。失去他在这个世界上的位置的想法是他写作的动力。画线词表示“激励”,与inspired为同义表达。故选A。
30.D 推理判断题。根据文章第一段可知,Abdulrazak Gurnah获得了2021年诺贝尔文学奖,其中他的跨大陆和跨文化的经历在他的小说中发挥了至关重要的作用。此外,在倒数第二段中,诺贝尔文学奖委员会主席Anders Olsson称Abdulrazak Gurnah是世界上最杰出的后殖民时代作家之一。他说,至关重要的是Gurnah的根在桑给巴尔岛,那里有来自不同国家的人,在全球化之前很久就受到了不同国家文化的影响。可知,Gurnah之所以能获得诺贝尔文学奖,主要是因为他有丰富的跨大陆和跨文化经历,受殖民主义的影响,见到了很多不同文化的人,受到了不同文化的影响,所以写的书也反映了这些东西。由此可推知,他之所以能获诺贝尔文学奖,是因为写的小说涉及了殖民主义和不同人的贫困生活。故选D。
31.C 主旨大意题。第一段就提到了Abdulrazak Gurnah获得诺贝尔文学奖的事,下文也主要介绍了他成为作家的经历,倒数第二段诺贝尔文学奖委员会主席又对他进行了评价。由此可知C项适合作为文章标题。
D
◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了材料工程师Nzambi Matee创造性地将难以回收处理的塑料垃圾转化成建筑用砖的情况。
32.C 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Kenya has been...single-use plastic. Unfortunately, tons of...plastic wastes continue to get poured into landfills daily.”可知,肯尼亚政府虽然采取了一系列措施来应对塑料垃圾,但每天仍然有大量的塑料垃圾进入垃圾场。由此可知,肯尼亚政府应对塑料垃圾的措施是没有成效的。故选C。
33.A 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知Matee成立了实验室,将塑料垃圾转化成了建筑用砖;根据第三段中的“I wanted to use my education in applied physics and material engineering to do something about plastic waste pollution.”可知,Matee这样做是想把学到的知识运用到实际生活中,从而减少塑料污染。由此可知Matee把知识转化成了实际产品。故选A。
34.D 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“The resulting product...the lowest quality of plastic.”可知,Matee研制的砖非常环保,这是其最大的优点。故选D。
35.B 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段中的“Her dream is to reduce rubbish by increasing production and expanding her offerings, which is far from done.”和“The more plastic we recycle...for the youth.”可知,她的目标远不止于此,她希望能做更多来更大程度地减少塑料垃圾,由此可知本段在讲述Matee的更大的目标。故选B。
第二节
◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章就怎样让生活幸福和成功给了一些建议。
36.G 细节句。设空处上一句提到“无论你多大年纪,住在哪里,或者你的职业目标是什么,你的人生最终目标都可能是幸福和成功”,设空处下一句提到“它意味着追随你热爱的东西、有意义地生活以及享受当下”,G项 (成功不仅仅意味着有钱和成名)与上文所述话题一致,且下文与此处在意思上是顺承的。下一句中的It指的就是G项中的To be successful。故选G项。
37.E 细节句。本段主旨句提到“有意义地生活”,设空处上一句提到“你可能会发现自己在空闲时间里总是感到无聊,幻想着未来或过去,或者倒计时直到一天结束”,E项 (试着把你的空闲时间花在做你喜欢做的事情上)符合本段主旨,且E项中的doing things that you enjoy doing 与上一句中的find yourself constantly bored in your free time对应。故选E项。
38.D 细节句。本段主旨句提到“发现你热爱的东西”, D项 (意识到你热爱的东西是什么可能需要几年时间)符合本段主旨,且下文谈到了发现你热爱的东西会有什么好处以及在发现这些东西时遇到困难可以做什么,故D项符合语境。
39.F 主旨句。由后文可知,本段主要在讲制订目标,F项 (列出你的目标以及你可以做些什么来实现它们)符合语境。
40.A 细节句。设空处上一句提到“同样,如果你不确定自己能做什么,不要告诉别人你会做什么”,设空处后一句提到“不要向任何人承诺你不能做的事”,A项 (你应该诚实地面对自己的极限)符合上下文语境。故选A项。
第三部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了我国古代科学家贾思勰对农业的研究和贡献,他的著作《齐民要术》对农业生产起到了重要的指导作用。
41.A discover发现;recover恢复;report报道;repeat重复。根据语境可知,此处指被发现的智慧。故选A。
42.B search搜索;research研究;experiment实验;statistics统计数据。根据后文的“He collected information, did experiments and learnt from the 43 of farmers.”可知此句是在解释说明第42空所填词的内容,结合选项可知research符合语境,do research into agriculture意为“做农业研究”,与后文的内容对应。故选B。
43.D adventure冒险;advantage优势;tradition传统;experience经验。结合选项可知experience符合语境,learn from the experience of farmers意为“从农民们的(耕作)经验中吸取教训”。故选D。
44.B 由本文的标题可知,此处指这本书既有关农业,也有关园艺。nursing护理;gardening园艺;produce农产品;trade贸易。故选B。
45.C 该空下文介绍了这本书涉及的一些具体的主题,如种绿色的蔬菜、种果树、养动物。program项目;objective目标,目的;subject主题;event事件。故选C。
46.C 由空前的“sow seeds”可知此处指种植幼苗。drop使落下;increase增加;grow种植;throw扔掉。故选C。
47.D 由设空处所在句可知如果在一年中合适的时间播种和种幼苗就会有好收成,也就是结果会更好。dream梦想;ending结尾,结局;hope希望;result结果。故选D。
48.C 根据第49空后的“If the condition of your soil is not good, you should improve it.”可知此处说的是土壤的状况,condition属于原词复现。故选C。situation表示“形势”,与soil不搭配;其他选项application(应用)、addition(添加物)与语境不符。
49.B 前句指出土壤状况也很重要,本句则说要仔细地检查土壤。successfully成功地;carefully仔细地;gradually逐渐地;frequently频繁地。故选B。
50.A 根据常识可知,种庄稼之前需要平整土地和除草。remove weeds意为“清除杂草”。remove去除;disturb打扰;increase 增加;reduce减少。故选A。
51.D 根据下句中的“do not plant wheat 52 in the same field”可知庄稼要轮换着种。keep保留;improve提升;manage经营;change改换,转换。故选D。
52.D 由下文“But if you plant soya in a field one year and wheat in the field the next year, you will 53 good crops.”可知,此处指不要在同一块地里年复一年地种同一种庄稼。one after another一个接一个地;here and there到处;now and then时不时地;year after year年复一年地。故选D。
53.C 此处是说如果你在一块地里这一年种大豆,下一年种小麦,你就会有一个好的收成。harvest good crops意为“有好的收成”,符合语境。benefit使受益;collect收集;harvest收割;export出口。故选C。
54.C 由下文“but Jia did...planting wheat close together was better”可知设空处指的是相反的观点,即株与株之间要留有空间。hole洞;line线;space空间;balance平衡。故选C。
55.A 由上文“but Jia did experiments”可知,此处指他通过实验证实。prove证实,证明;mean意味着;intend打算,计划;decide决定。故选A。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,介绍了中国杰出的军事女科学家陈薇博士。
56.impression 考查名词。根据空前的不定冠词a和形容词strong可知设空处应用名词;leave a strong impression on sb.意为“给某人留下深刻的印象”。故填impression。句意:当动作片《战狼Ⅱ》在2017年打破了中国的票房纪录的时候,一个不那么突出的人物出人意料地给观众留下了深刻印象——一位叫作陈博士的军事科学家,他为在非洲蔓延的一种致命的病毒研制出了一种疫苗。
57.called 考查过去分词。句意见上题。a military scientist和call之间是逻辑上的被动关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。故填called。
58.was sent 考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意:2015年,真正的军事科学家陈薇博士从中国被派往非洲抗击致命的埃博拉病毒。根据时间状语In 2015可知此处应用一般过去时;Dr. Chen Wei和send之间是被动关系,应该用一般过去时的被动语态。主语是第三人称单数,故填was sent。
59.that 考查表语从句的引导词。句意:这两个人物之间唯一的区别是,真正的陈博士是一位女性。分析句子结构可知,“ 59 the real Dr. Chen is a she”在系动词is后边,因此设空处引导的是表语从句,从句句意完整且不缺成分,应该用that引导。故填that。
60.Luckily 考查副词。句意:幸运的是,他们付出的努力阻止了大约14,000名一线医务人员被感染。设空处修饰整个句子,应该用副词作状语,由句意可知此处表示“幸运的是”,故填Luckily。
61.which/that 考查定语从句的关系代词。句意:在非典之后,这位有远见的女性将她的注意力转向夺去了全世界10,000多条生命的埃博拉病毒。分析句子结构可知,“ 61 claimed over 10,000 lives worldwide”是设空处引导的定语从句,先行词是Ebola,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,应该用关系代词which或that。
62.effective 考查形容词。设空处与空前的safe为and连接的并列成分,在句中作表语,由形容词safe可知设空处也应用形容词;此处表示“她的疫苗最终证明是安全的、有效的”,故应用形容词effective。
63.fighting 考查动名词。句意:陈博士花了很多时间与危及生命的病毒抗争。spend time doing...意为“花费时间做……”。故填fighting。
64.to win 考查动词不定式。have no choice but to do...意为“除了做……别无选择”,故填to win。
65.it 考查代词。句意:她做到了。 make it意为“获得成功”。故填it。
第四部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
My Favourite Agricultural Scientist
Of so many famous scientists all over the world, I admire Yuan Longping most.
Yuan Longping is a scientist respected by people of the world. The latest hybrid rice that he invented has solved the food problem of people in many countries. In the past,many people starved to death because of lack of food. Now hybrid rice technology has enabled many people to live a better life.
In my opinion, Yuan's innovation not only solves the problem of eating for Chinese people, but also benefits people all over the world. I will study hard and become a famous agricultural scientist like him in the future.
第二节
One possible version:
That classmate's comment was like a sharp knife,cutting Jack's heart into pieces. For several days, he was in low spirits. “Should I give my dream up or stick to it ” he thought. All these days, his mother's words lingered in his mind. “Nothing can get in the way of my dreams,” said the determined boy. From then on, he was determined to become a star and remained focused on his goal. Hard as it was, he was willing to accept the challenge and make more efforts. Finally his hard work paid off.
In his life, he received countless awards for his music. His excellent musical style has had a lasting effect on all forms of popular music in the past ten years. The people who had looked down upon him before felt extremely surprised. When asked how he made it, he owed it to his mother. It was his mother's words that encouraged him in those confusing days. He wouldn't listen to the negative words in his life and refused to stop. Determination and optimism are what it takes to overcome his weakness and accomplish his goal.
