外研版（2019）选择性必修 第三册Unit 5 Learning from nature单元仿真验收性评价（含解析）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修 第三册Unit 5 Learning from nature单元仿真验收性评价（含解析） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2025-07-07 20:11:15 | ||
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UNIT 5 单元仿真验收性评价
(时间：100分钟 满分：120分)
第一部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Every year, young, talented, and ambitious nature conservationists from all over the world participate in the presentation of the Future For Nature Award, an honorable international award.
The Future For Nature aims to：
·Reward and fund individuals for their outstanding efforts in wildlife protection.
·Encourage winners to sustain their dedicated work.
·Help winners to raise their profiles, extend their professional network and strengthen their funding basis.
Benefits
·The winners each receive 50,000 euros and may make their own decision to spend the money in the service of nature conservation.
·FFN offers the winners a platform and brings their stories to the attention of conservationists, financiers and a wide audience.
·FFN offers the opportunity to meet people with the same interest and continue to learn with each other.
Qualifications
The candidate：
·Must be born on or after the 31st May 1988 and before the 28th of August 2005.
·Is able to explain his/her conservation work in fluent English.
·Has achieved substantial and long term benefits to the conservation status of one or more animal or plant species.
Additional Remarks
From all applications, 6 to 10 nominees will be selected for the 2025 Future For Nature Awards. These applicants will be asked to provide additional information, which will be used to select the final Awardees. Ultimately, three inspiring wildlife heroes are selected as the winners.
Application Process: Apply online through the Apply Now link.
Application Deadline：28th August, 2024
1．What is the aim of the Future For Nature Award
A．To raise funds for nature conservation projects.
B．To inspire conservation efforts of young talents.
C．To provide training opportunities for young conservationists.
D．To create a platform for conservationists to share their stories.
2．The winners will get the chance to ________.
A．consult top specialists
B．benefit the local community
C．meet the like minded people
D．promote self created platforms
3．What is a requirement for the applicants
A．Meeting the age limit.
B．Applying via mail by the deadline.
C．Submitting the application in English.
D．Providing additional personal information.
B
The lights from the cottage windows disappear, as we follow a dark footpath through a field into the open countryside.Thick clouds prevent the moonlight from lighting up the way ahead.Yet，as my eyes begin to get used to the darkness，the landscape around me reveals itself in a new light.
The outlines of Mount Caburn are like shadows against the sky.On the horizon is a tree bent by the wind.The rocky outcrop at the top of the field turns out to be a flock of sleeping sheep.A fox cries，a catbird crows, and the air is full of a strong earthy scent.
“For most of human history, man lived in close contact with the land，” says Nigel Berman，my guide.“Only in the past few hundred years have we shut ourselves off from our natural surroundings.Walking at night is a powerful way of reconnecting.When your vision is reduced, your other senses are sharpened.”
Nigel and I walk from the village of Glynde towards the town of Lewes.It is a walk I know well by day，but at night everything is different，and a familiar stroll becomes a mini adventure.When Nigel told me not to bring a torch, I was alarmed.I can't remember the last time I used my night vision and I'm not even sure how it works.
Normally，at this time of night，I would be having a glass of wine in front of the television, but being out in the countryside is a purer form of relaxation.I forget about work and family tensions，and become part of the surroundings.
As we reach the top, Lewes appears below as a twinkly mass of lights，a sight I would generally consider as inviting.In just a few hours, however, I have gone over to the dark side and find myself reluctant to walk back down.
4．What figure of speech is used in paragraph 1
A．Personification. B．Symbolism.
C．Metaphor. D．Parallelism.
5．What is the writer's attitude toward the mini adventure
A．Tolerant. B．Favorable.
C．Doubtful. D．Objective.
6．What is the writer's purpose of writing the text
A．To persuade readers to visit Lewes.
B．To convey his love for the adventure.
C．To seek inspiration from night walks.
D．To encourage reconnection with nature.
7．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Into the Night B．Night and Moonlight
C．Under the Lights D．Lewes in the Moonlight
C
The tomato leaf miner moth (潜叶蛾) originates from Peru and is common throughout South America. However, it has spread through Europe since 2007 and has become one of the largest pests in Mediterranean regions, threatening food supplies. Experts around the world are currently struggling with new ways to battle the moth, but it has developed resistance to pesticides (杀虫剂), leaving farmers helpless to stop the damage. A new study from the University of Portsmouth has shown that the answer may lie in the tropical tent web spider.
Scientists carried out laboratory tests and found that the spiders banded together to form webs that easily caught the flying insects, which they then ate. Dr Lena Grinsted, the lead author of the study, said, “The tropical tent web spiders operate in large groups and can create giant joined up webs capable of catching insects in the air. This could potentially lead to a reduction of reliance on chemical pesticides, resulting in less pollution in soils, waterways and food chains in the future.”
Crop damage is also caused by the larvae (幼虫), which directly attack the tomato fruit, making the crop ugly and thus unmarketable. Larvae live inside the leaf until they begin the process of turning into a moth, making them difficult to control. However, scientists expect that targeting the adult moth population will reduce the number of eggs being laid. In addition, the spiders build the biggest webs during the summer, which can benefit the tomato planting and growing season in May and June.
The researchers said the study would “open doors for the use of group living spiders to control agricultural pests” but warned that more work was needed to check the spiders did not change the ecology of regions. “Future studies are needed to investigate whether the spiders may negatively impact crop pollination (传粉) by also catching bees and other key pollinators.” Dr Grinsted added.
8．Why is it difficult to get rid of the moth according to paragraph 1
A．It is large in size.
B．It is drug resistant.
C．It spreads too quickly.
D．It threatens food supplies.
9．What made using the spiders to control pests possible
A．Their ability to weave huge webs.
B．Their importance in the food chain.
C．The effect of chemical pesticides on soil.
D．The cost reduction of building waterways.
10．What is Dr Grinsted's attitude towards the new pest control project
A．Optimistic. B．Indifferent.
C．Cautious. D．Disapproving.
11．Which is the most suitable title for the text
A．Moths: The Biggest Threat to Crops
B．Spiders: The Insect Catching Lovers
C．Moths: A Headache for Modern Agriculture
D．Spiders: An Eco friendly Alternative to Pesticides
D
Microbiologists have designed a sustainable way to remove polluting microplastics from the environment by using bacteria. Initial design as it is, it paves the way for sustainably lowering plastic pollution levels and stop the “plastification”．
Bacteria naturally tend to group together and stick to surfaces, and this creates a sticky material called “biofilm”. Researchers at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University (PolyU) want to use this adhesive bacteria character and capture microplastics in polluted water to form an easily disposable and recyclable blob (团) .
Sylvia Lang Liu, microbiology researcher at PolyU and lead researcher on this project, together with his team, has engineered a bacterial biofilm, which can fix and absorb microplastics floating around in the water, and make them sink to the bottom of the water. Then the researchers can separate the microplastics from the bacteria traps and get them ready to recycle.
Microplastics are the plastic fragments, usually smaller than 5mm, which are accidentally released into the environment during production and breakdown of grocery bags or water bottles, or during everyday activities such as washing synthetic (合成的) clothes or using personal care products with scrubbing microbeads in them. Microplastics are visually tiny, making it challenging to develop effective solutions to trap, collect, and recycle them.
Microplastics are not easily biodegradable (生物降解的), so they stick around for long and absorb and accumulate poisonous chemicals. They spread into wastewater and into the oceans, endangering marine animals and eventually threatening human health. Microplastics had been found in more than 114 species living in the water and also salt, lettuce, apples, and more in 2018 according to the International Maritime Organization.
“This is an innovative application of biofilm engineering to address the plastic pollution crisis，” said Dr Joanna Sadler, researcher at University of Edinburgh, who was not involved in this study. “One of the biggest challenges in dealing with microplastics is capturing such small particles. Liu and co workers have demonstrated an elegant solution to this problem, which holds great potential to be further developed into a real world wastewater treatment technology.”
12．Which of the following best explains the underlined word “adhesive” in paragraph 2
A．Floating. B．Sticky.
C．Diverse. D．Visual.
13．Why are microplastics hard to capture
A．They are visually too small.
B．They are hard to biodegrade.
C．They continue to exist for long.
D．They are poisonous chemicals.
14．What can be learned from the last paragraph
A．Small particles are essential to address water pollution
B．Biofilm has been widely used to settle plastic pollution.
C．Sadler thinks little of the biofilm engineering application.
D．Biofilm application is promising for wastewater treatment.
15．What is the text mainly about
A．Microplastic removal. B．Uses of bacteria.
C．Wastewater treatment. D．Plastic pollution.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ways to Get Your Kids into Nature
Being in nature for kids has tremendous health benefits. There are many ways you can incorporate nature into your children's lives, even if you live in the city.
Inspire curiosity by being curious yourself. A parent's excitement can be spread to the children, and when you show respect for nature, your children follow suit. __16__. “I don't know! Let's find out together.” is a wonderful way to get the ball rolling. Be open to a mutual adventure and allow your curious inner child to come out while you explore nature with your children.
__17__. If you have to carpool (拼车) in the morning, turn off the devices instead and encourage your children to look out of the window. The early morning fall skies are beautiful with color and migrating birds. After all, even views of nature from the car window are calming and beneficial.
Stop thinking about nature time as leisure time. Time in nature is an essential investment in your children's health and well being. If you view nature time as essential to good health, you will be more likely to engage in it. __18__， nurturing creativity and wonder is part of your responsibility as parents.
Look at the stars. Visit your local observatory, and then drive out of the city some morning or evening for your own stargazing (天体观察) with a blanket and telescope. Observing the stars offers a deeper and wider understanding of the universe. __19__.
Plant a small garden. __20__. Bean and pea plants grow quickly and can be eaten when mature, so teach your children about food and the wonder of growth.
A．Limit electronic devices while driving
B．Encourage questions you don't know the answers too
C．If you want to raise healthy, well balanced children
D．If you have the space, help your children plant a few vegetables
E．It will teach teamwork, pride in the community, and family togetherness
F．If your child is interested, encourage him to get involved in the community
G．Allow yourself to think about it, and talk to your children about that wonder
第二部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Joy is a Teacher Naturalist Assistant at the Audubon Center, a non profit organization connecting people with nature. A big part of her __21__ is giving urban youth the chance to spot wildlife, and gain a greater __22__ of nature.“If things go well，” she says at the end of the tour, “students who used to be __23__ even by bees will no longer be afraid of insect bites, and will __24__ handle mud, and whatever little moving __25__ they can catch. ”
Joy values most the __26__ that show how much this opportunity means to the students. She __27__ one particularly long day. One boy had been misbehaving a lot, frightening away the wildlife. At the end of the tour, __28__ he ran to her.
“Miss, ” he said, “it was __29__ to pet the fur of those dead animals.”
It wasn't how Joy would normally refer to the specimens (标本) of animal fur, but she knew what the boy meant. He looked over the river banks, __30__ for a moment as if he was weighing something in his mind.
“This place is really amazing，” he __31__ said. “This has been the best field trip we've ever been on, ever.”
Joy grew up in a little village in England. She fondly remembers __32__ nature walks with Girl Scout volunteers. They helped her __33__ her life long passion for nature, which she wants to share with children today. Like all volunteers, Joy has a __34__ for looking at the world through the eyes of her students. “Maybe only five out of every hundred children will come back, but for many, the experiences will __35__ their entire lives，” she said.
21．A.life B．dream
C．challenge D．job
22．A.appreciation B．taste
C．wealth D．control
23．A.amazed B．scared
C．attracted D．bored
24．A.carelessly B．unwillingly
C．happily D．seriously
25．A.creatures B．images
C．spirits D．shadows
26．A.stories B．moments
C．honors D．rewards
27．A.ruins B．names
C．recalls D．imagines
28．A.casually B．sadly
C．gratefully D．suddenly
29．A.harmful B．great
C．terrible D．lucky
30．A.glad B．quiet
C．running D．smiling
31．A.finally B．honestly
C．openly D．smoothly
32．A.living through B．talking about
C．arranging D．taking
33．A.discuss B．spare
C．understand D．discover
34．A.hope B．gift
C．reason D．need
35．A.spoil B．adjust
C．last D．save
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Do you love those shoes but can't decide whether __36__ (buy) the brown or the blue In the near future, you may not have to decide.
A new technology from MIT's Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) uses reprogrammable ink to change __37__ color of ordinary objects.The system, named “PhotoChromeleon”， uses special dyes that change color when __38__ (expose) to UV light.
“This special type of dye will __39__ (able) a very large number of options that could improve manufacturing efficiency and reduce overall waste，” __40__ (say) CSAIL postdoctoral researcher Yuhua Jin.“Users could personalize their belongings and appearance on a daily basis, __41__ the need to buy the same object multiple times in different colors and styles.”
Past projects __42__ (involve) reversible color change technology have only been able to go from transparent to one color and back again.PhotoChromeleon is unique because it can change between __43__ (color)．
“It's interesting, and it's a cool idea，” says Warren Jasper, a professor of textile engineering of the MIT research.“But for it to become commercially workable, the researchers will need to deal with how to keep the colors from __44__ (fade) in the sun.And __45__ they want to scale up, they'll also need to find a more environmentally friendly way to get rid of the waste.”
第三部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是红星中学学生会主席李华。你准备邀请自然学家和仿生发明家Mr Harman来你校做一次关于仿生学的讲座。请你根据以下要点给他写一封邀请信。
1．讲座内容； 2.讲座时间。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段， 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Three days earlier, 12 year old Michael had disappeared from his campsite in the Blue Ridge Mountains in North Carolina. He had loved and read the books about young boys surviving in the woods alone. However, a massive search had passed and there was hardly any sign of the boy. People were about to lose hope when one dog, named Gandalf, stepped in.
Misha and Gandalf, her two year old dog, had trained for a year with the South Carolina Search and Rescue Dog Association. But this was their first real job, and Misha decided she had to cooperate well with her dog.
After leaving home in the early morning, Misha gathered with her team members, and they headed to the mountains. All they found in the whole morning was some thin slices of fried potato. They were west of Michael's campsite along a fire road that ran deep inside. Then they found footprints leading to another path and then to a stream about a quarter mile from the camp. It was a fairly good path, but they lost the tracks at the stream.
Now the sun went down and the temperature began to drop below freezing. Thankfully, Michael had been wearing a red coat and good boots. Misha breathed a sigh of relief and hoped the boy had found shelter.
Worried as she was, Misha remained calm. She took out the bag containing the shred (碎片) of Michael's shirt and let Gandalf sniff it. Head up and nose high, the dog started up the path. Misha concentrated on the search ahead. She didn't want anything negative to cloud her focus. “Michael is alive. We're going to find him，” she told Gandalf.
Night was coming and it was time for the rescuers to turn back and go downhill. It seemed that Gandalf wouldn't stop. He ran to the left, out of sight behind the edge of the cliff (悬崖). Misha turned the bend, trying not to be left behind.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。
Suddenly 50 yards up on the cliff side lay a boy in a red coat.
As it turned out, Michael's experience was nothing like what he read in his novels.
UNIT 5 单元仿真验收性评价
第一部分
[A]
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个国际奖项“自然的未来(FFN)”的目的、益处和申请资格等相关信息。
1．选B 细节理解题。根据The Future For Nature aims to部分中的“Reward and fund individuals for their outstanding efforts in wildlife protection.”和“Encourage winners to sustain their dedicated work.”可知，“自然的未来”的目标之一是激励年轻人参与保护工作。
2．选C 细节理解题。根据Benefits下的“FFN offers the winners a platform and brings their stories to the attention of conservationists, financiers and a wide audience.”以及“FFN offers the opportunity to meet people with the same interest and continue to learn with each other.”可知，获胜者将有机会遇见志同道合的人。
3．选A 细节理解题。根据The candidate：下的“Must be born on or after the 31st May 1988 and before the 28th of August 2005.”可知，候选人需要符合年龄限制。
[B]
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在黑暗的夜晚来到乡下进行亲近自然的探索旅行，并阐明了亲近自然给自己带来的好处，进而倡导人们要走进自然、体验自然。
4．选A 推理判断题。根据第一段“The lights from the cottage windows ...itself in a new light.”可知，云层发出的“阻止”动作以及风景“展现自我”的动作为拟人化描写。
5．选B 观点态度题。根据倒数第二段的“being out in the countryside ...become part of the surroundings”可知，在乡下的冒险体验给作者带来了好处。由此可知，作者对“迷你冒险”持赞同的态度。
6．选D 写作意图题。根据第三段的“Only in the past few hundred ...Walking at night is a powerful way of reconnecting.When your vision is reduced, your other senses are sharpened.”和最后一段可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励人们亲近自然、走进自然，与自然重新建立联系。
7．选A 标题归纳题。阅读文章可知，作者在黑暗的夜晚来到乡下进行亲近自然的探索旅行，并描述了亲近自然给自己带来的好处，进而倡导人们要走进自然、体验自然。由此可知，A项(入夜)适合作为文章的标题。
[C]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了专家们的一个新发现——用热带蜘蛛来消灭飞蛾。
8．选B 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，飞蛾很难消灭是因为它有抗药性。
9．选A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The tropical tent web spiders operate in large groups and can create giant joined up webs capable of catching insects in the air.”可知，蜘蛛织网的能力使得利用蜘蛛来控制害虫成为可能。
10．选C 观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“Future studies are needed to investigate whether the spiders may negatively impact crop pollination (传粉) by also catching bees and other key pollinators.”可推知，他对这种新的消灭害虫的方法是持谨慎的态度的。
11．选D 标题归纳题。根据第一段最后一句话和第二段最后一句，并结合全文内容可知，本文介绍了一种用热带蜘蛛来消灭飞蛾的新方法，这种方法因为减少了对杀虫剂的使用而对环境有益。故D项“蜘蛛：一种环保的杀虫剂替代品”最适合作文章标题。
[D]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了微生物学家设计了一种可持续的方法，利用细菌去除环境中有污染性的微塑料。
12．选B 词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句可知，细菌会黏在表面上形成一种名为生物膜的黏性物质，并且科学家们想利用这种细菌特性去除有污染性的微塑料。因此可推断出，adhesive 意为“有黏性的”。
13．选A 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，微塑料很难收集回收是因为它们看起来很微小。
14．选D 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，生物学家们已经演示了一个处理微塑料的方法，这个方法很有潜力被研发成一项废水处理科技。所以 D 项“生物膜工程在废水处理方面很有前景”正确。
15．选A 主旨大意题。根据全文，特别是文章第一句可知，短文主要讲述微生物学家设计出了一种方法移除环境中有污染性的微塑料。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了让孩子融入自然的一些方法。
16．选B 下文中的“‘I don't know ... together.’ is ...the ball rolling.”与上文中的“Inspire curiosity”相呼应。由此可推知，此处表示鼓励孩子一起探索你自己也不知道答案的问题，从而激发孩子的好奇心，故选B。
17．选A 根据空后一句可推知，在车上时关掉电子设备，多看看窗外也是一种与自然接触的方式，故选A。
18．选C 空处承接上文“Time in nature ... well being.”且根据空后的“nurturing creativity ... as parents”可推知，如果想要培养出健康、明智的孩子，培养他们的创造性和好奇心也是作为父母的责任，故选C。
19．选G 根据空前一句可推知，和孩子一起观察星空能够加深对自然界的理解。G项中的it指代空前一句中的“the universe”，故选G。
20．选D 空处承接空前一句“Plant a small garden”，并与空后一句相呼应。由此可推知，作者建议父母开辟一个小菜园，帮孩子种点蔬菜，一起见证它们生长的奇迹，故选D。
第二部分
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Joy是一位老师，她致力于给生活在城市中的学生们提供观察野生动物的机会，帮助他们更好地了解和欣赏大自然。
21．选D 根据下文“giving urban youth the chance to spot wildlife ”可知，此处说的是她的工作内容。故选D。
22．选A 根据上文“gain a greater”可知，此处表示通过观察野生动物，城市中的青少年可以更进一步了解、认识大自然。故选A。
23．选B 根据下文“will no longer be afraid of insect bites ”可知，此处说的是害怕被蜜蜂蜇到。故选B。
24．选C 根据上文“will no longer be afraid of insect bites ”以及下文“handle mud ”可知，此处说的是学生们将不再害怕昆虫叮咬，而是愉快地处理泥巴。故选C。
25．选A 根据下文“they can catch ”可知，此处指的是小动物。故选A。
26．选B 根据上文“values most”以及下文“that show how much this opportunity means to the students”可知，此处表示展示这个机会对学生们意义的时刻或场景。故选B。
27．选C 根据下文“one particularly long day”可知，此处说的是她的回忆。故选C。
28．选D 根据下文“he ran to her ”可知，句子描述的是旅游结束时发生的一个动作。D项“suddenly (突然)”用来修饰动词ran，可以表达他跑向她的动作是突然的。
29．选B 根据下文“It wasn't how Joy would normally refer to the specimens (标本) of animal fur, but she knew what the boy meant”以及“This place is really amazing”可知，这次参观对男孩产生了积极的影响，B项“great”表达的含义符合语境。
30．选B 根据下文“as if he was weighing something in his mind”可知，此处表示他望向河岸，安静了一会儿，仿佛在脑海里权衡着什么。故选B。
31．选A 根据上文可知，此处说的是他沉默片刻，最后说出了心里的想法。故选A。
32．选D 根据上文“Joy grew up in a little village in England. ”可知，她回忆起了儿时和朋友们在大自然中漫步的情景。故选D。
33．选D 根据下文“her life long passion for nature”可知，儿时的经历让她发现了对大自然的终身热爱。故选D。
34．选B 根据下文“looking at the world through the eyes of her students”可知，Joy有一种与生俱来的、特殊的才能或天赋，让她能够通过学生的眼睛看世界。这种表述不仅强调了Joy作为志愿者的特殊性，还突出了她与学生之间的共鸣和理解。故选B。
35．选C 根据下文“their entire lives”可知，此处表示这种经历将持续他们的一生。故选C。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了麻省理工学院计算机科学与人工智能实验室的新技术——“光致变色”系统。
36．to buy 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，“疑问词＋不定式”作decide的宾语，故填to buy。
37．the 考查冠词。此处特指普通物体的颜色，故填the。
38．exposed 考查固定短语和状语从句的省略。 be exposed to表示“暴露于”，此处为状语从句的省略，完整形式为：when they are exposed to UV light，相当于省略了they are。
39．enable 考查动词。 此处缺少动词作谓语，根据语境可知，此处表示“使能够”，will后用动词原形，故填enable。
40．says 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。 文章的基础时态为一般现在时，此处也应该用一般现在时；本句为主谓倒装结构，主语为CSAIL postdoctoral researcher Yuhua Jin，谓语动词用第三人称单数，故填says。
41．without 考查介词。句意：用户可以每天对自己的物品和外表进行个性化设置，而无需多次购买同一种不同颜色和款式的物品。根据句意可知，此处表示“不用，无需”，故填without。
42．involving 考查非谓语动词。 分析句子结构可知，此处使用非谓语动词。Past projects 与involve之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作后置定语，故填involving。
43．colors 考查名词复数。句意：“光致变色”系统是独一无二的，因为它可以在不同的颜色之间来回切换。表示具体的颜色时，color是可数名词，此处用复数泛指不同的颜色，故填colors。
44．fading 考查非谓语动词。 介词后接动名词作宾语，colors与fade之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，所以用动名词的主动式，故填fading。
45．if 考查连词。句意：如果他们想扩大规模，他们还需要找到一种更环保的方法来处理垃圾。结合句意可知，应用if引导条件状语从句。
第三部分
第一节 参考范文：
Dear Mr Harman，
I am Li Hua, chairman of the Students' Union of Hongxing Middle School.It is my great honor to invite you to give a lecture to the students in my school on biomimicry on June 12.
We students are always interested in biomimicry and we're eager to know something about it.It would be our great honor if you could come to give us a lecture on it.Please let me know your date of arrival if you can come.If you have any question, please contact me as soon as possible.
I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节 参考范文：
Suddenly 50 yards up on the cliff side lay a boy in a red coat. Misha began yelling, “Michael, is that you ” The boy turned silently towards them. It was clear that he was dizzy from hunger and tiredness. Quickly Misha and other members climbed up to him. They carried him downhill to safety next to Gandalf. “Well, this is Gandalf. It was he that led us to you，” she said to the boy, pointing to the dog who was shaking his tail proudly. While the rescuers contacted the base camp, Michael had some food and water they'd given to him. Then he explained his adventure in the woods.
As it turned out, Michael's experience was nothing like what he read in his novels. Unlike their characters, he had not been lucky enough to find a cave or any other tool that would have helped him. But he went all out to survive. He used tree leaves to stay warm and wild fruits to keep him from dying of starvation. The biggest mistake he made was that he didn't stay in one place or make enough noise to attract attention. He was grateful to everyone who looked for him, especially Gandalf.
(时间：100分钟 满分：120分)
第一部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Every year, young, talented, and ambitious nature conservationists from all over the world participate in the presentation of the Future For Nature Award, an honorable international award.
The Future For Nature aims to：
·Reward and fund individuals for their outstanding efforts in wildlife protection.
·Encourage winners to sustain their dedicated work.
·Help winners to raise their profiles, extend their professional network and strengthen their funding basis.
Benefits
·The winners each receive 50,000 euros and may make their own decision to spend the money in the service of nature conservation.
·FFN offers the winners a platform and brings their stories to the attention of conservationists, financiers and a wide audience.
·FFN offers the opportunity to meet people with the same interest and continue to learn with each other.
Qualifications
The candidate：
·Must be born on or after the 31st May 1988 and before the 28th of August 2005.
·Is able to explain his/her conservation work in fluent English.
·Has achieved substantial and long term benefits to the conservation status of one or more animal or plant species.
Additional Remarks
From all applications, 6 to 10 nominees will be selected for the 2025 Future For Nature Awards. These applicants will be asked to provide additional information, which will be used to select the final Awardees. Ultimately, three inspiring wildlife heroes are selected as the winners.
Application Process: Apply online through the Apply Now link.
Application Deadline：28th August, 2024
1．What is the aim of the Future For Nature Award
A．To raise funds for nature conservation projects.
B．To inspire conservation efforts of young talents.
C．To provide training opportunities for young conservationists.
D．To create a platform for conservationists to share their stories.
2．The winners will get the chance to ________.
A．consult top specialists
B．benefit the local community
C．meet the like minded people
D．promote self created platforms
3．What is a requirement for the applicants
A．Meeting the age limit.
B．Applying via mail by the deadline.
C．Submitting the application in English.
D．Providing additional personal information.
B
The lights from the cottage windows disappear, as we follow a dark footpath through a field into the open countryside.Thick clouds prevent the moonlight from lighting up the way ahead.Yet，as my eyes begin to get used to the darkness，the landscape around me reveals itself in a new light.
The outlines of Mount Caburn are like shadows against the sky.On the horizon is a tree bent by the wind.The rocky outcrop at the top of the field turns out to be a flock of sleeping sheep.A fox cries，a catbird crows, and the air is full of a strong earthy scent.
“For most of human history, man lived in close contact with the land，” says Nigel Berman，my guide.“Only in the past few hundred years have we shut ourselves off from our natural surroundings.Walking at night is a powerful way of reconnecting.When your vision is reduced, your other senses are sharpened.”
Nigel and I walk from the village of Glynde towards the town of Lewes.It is a walk I know well by day，but at night everything is different，and a familiar stroll becomes a mini adventure.When Nigel told me not to bring a torch, I was alarmed.I can't remember the last time I used my night vision and I'm not even sure how it works.
Normally，at this time of night，I would be having a glass of wine in front of the television, but being out in the countryside is a purer form of relaxation.I forget about work and family tensions，and become part of the surroundings.
As we reach the top, Lewes appears below as a twinkly mass of lights，a sight I would generally consider as inviting.In just a few hours, however, I have gone over to the dark side and find myself reluctant to walk back down.
4．What figure of speech is used in paragraph 1
A．Personification. B．Symbolism.
C．Metaphor. D．Parallelism.
5．What is the writer's attitude toward the mini adventure
A．Tolerant. B．Favorable.
C．Doubtful. D．Objective.
6．What is the writer's purpose of writing the text
A．To persuade readers to visit Lewes.
B．To convey his love for the adventure.
C．To seek inspiration from night walks.
D．To encourage reconnection with nature.
7．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Into the Night B．Night and Moonlight
C．Under the Lights D．Lewes in the Moonlight
C
The tomato leaf miner moth (潜叶蛾) originates from Peru and is common throughout South America. However, it has spread through Europe since 2007 and has become one of the largest pests in Mediterranean regions, threatening food supplies. Experts around the world are currently struggling with new ways to battle the moth, but it has developed resistance to pesticides (杀虫剂), leaving farmers helpless to stop the damage. A new study from the University of Portsmouth has shown that the answer may lie in the tropical tent web spider.
Scientists carried out laboratory tests and found that the spiders banded together to form webs that easily caught the flying insects, which they then ate. Dr Lena Grinsted, the lead author of the study, said, “The tropical tent web spiders operate in large groups and can create giant joined up webs capable of catching insects in the air. This could potentially lead to a reduction of reliance on chemical pesticides, resulting in less pollution in soils, waterways and food chains in the future.”
Crop damage is also caused by the larvae (幼虫), which directly attack the tomato fruit, making the crop ugly and thus unmarketable. Larvae live inside the leaf until they begin the process of turning into a moth, making them difficult to control. However, scientists expect that targeting the adult moth population will reduce the number of eggs being laid. In addition, the spiders build the biggest webs during the summer, which can benefit the tomato planting and growing season in May and June.
The researchers said the study would “open doors for the use of group living spiders to control agricultural pests” but warned that more work was needed to check the spiders did not change the ecology of regions. “Future studies are needed to investigate whether the spiders may negatively impact crop pollination (传粉) by also catching bees and other key pollinators.” Dr Grinsted added.
8．Why is it difficult to get rid of the moth according to paragraph 1
A．It is large in size.
B．It is drug resistant.
C．It spreads too quickly.
D．It threatens food supplies.
9．What made using the spiders to control pests possible
A．Their ability to weave huge webs.
B．Their importance in the food chain.
C．The effect of chemical pesticides on soil.
D．The cost reduction of building waterways.
10．What is Dr Grinsted's attitude towards the new pest control project
A．Optimistic. B．Indifferent.
C．Cautious. D．Disapproving.
11．Which is the most suitable title for the text
A．Moths: The Biggest Threat to Crops
B．Spiders: The Insect Catching Lovers
C．Moths: A Headache for Modern Agriculture
D．Spiders: An Eco friendly Alternative to Pesticides
D
Microbiologists have designed a sustainable way to remove polluting microplastics from the environment by using bacteria. Initial design as it is, it paves the way for sustainably lowering plastic pollution levels and stop the “plastification”．
Bacteria naturally tend to group together and stick to surfaces, and this creates a sticky material called “biofilm”. Researchers at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University (PolyU) want to use this adhesive bacteria character and capture microplastics in polluted water to form an easily disposable and recyclable blob (团) .
Sylvia Lang Liu, microbiology researcher at PolyU and lead researcher on this project, together with his team, has engineered a bacterial biofilm, which can fix and absorb microplastics floating around in the water, and make them sink to the bottom of the water. Then the researchers can separate the microplastics from the bacteria traps and get them ready to recycle.
Microplastics are the plastic fragments, usually smaller than 5mm, which are accidentally released into the environment during production and breakdown of grocery bags or water bottles, or during everyday activities such as washing synthetic (合成的) clothes or using personal care products with scrubbing microbeads in them. Microplastics are visually tiny, making it challenging to develop effective solutions to trap, collect, and recycle them.
Microplastics are not easily biodegradable (生物降解的), so they stick around for long and absorb and accumulate poisonous chemicals. They spread into wastewater and into the oceans, endangering marine animals and eventually threatening human health. Microplastics had been found in more than 114 species living in the water and also salt, lettuce, apples, and more in 2018 according to the International Maritime Organization.
“This is an innovative application of biofilm engineering to address the plastic pollution crisis，” said Dr Joanna Sadler, researcher at University of Edinburgh, who was not involved in this study. “One of the biggest challenges in dealing with microplastics is capturing such small particles. Liu and co workers have demonstrated an elegant solution to this problem, which holds great potential to be further developed into a real world wastewater treatment technology.”
12．Which of the following best explains the underlined word “adhesive” in paragraph 2
A．Floating. B．Sticky.
C．Diverse. D．Visual.
13．Why are microplastics hard to capture
A．They are visually too small.
B．They are hard to biodegrade.
C．They continue to exist for long.
D．They are poisonous chemicals.
14．What can be learned from the last paragraph
A．Small particles are essential to address water pollution
B．Biofilm has been widely used to settle plastic pollution.
C．Sadler thinks little of the biofilm engineering application.
D．Biofilm application is promising for wastewater treatment.
15．What is the text mainly about
A．Microplastic removal. B．Uses of bacteria.
C．Wastewater treatment. D．Plastic pollution.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ways to Get Your Kids into Nature
Being in nature for kids has tremendous health benefits. There are many ways you can incorporate nature into your children's lives, even if you live in the city.
Inspire curiosity by being curious yourself. A parent's excitement can be spread to the children, and when you show respect for nature, your children follow suit. __16__. “I don't know! Let's find out together.” is a wonderful way to get the ball rolling. Be open to a mutual adventure and allow your curious inner child to come out while you explore nature with your children.
__17__. If you have to carpool (拼车) in the morning, turn off the devices instead and encourage your children to look out of the window. The early morning fall skies are beautiful with color and migrating birds. After all, even views of nature from the car window are calming and beneficial.
Stop thinking about nature time as leisure time. Time in nature is an essential investment in your children's health and well being. If you view nature time as essential to good health, you will be more likely to engage in it. __18__， nurturing creativity and wonder is part of your responsibility as parents.
Look at the stars. Visit your local observatory, and then drive out of the city some morning or evening for your own stargazing (天体观察) with a blanket and telescope. Observing the stars offers a deeper and wider understanding of the universe. __19__.
Plant a small garden. __20__. Bean and pea plants grow quickly and can be eaten when mature, so teach your children about food and the wonder of growth.
A．Limit electronic devices while driving
B．Encourage questions you don't know the answers too
C．If you want to raise healthy, well balanced children
D．If you have the space, help your children plant a few vegetables
E．It will teach teamwork, pride in the community, and family togetherness
F．If your child is interested, encourage him to get involved in the community
G．Allow yourself to think about it, and talk to your children about that wonder
第二部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Joy is a Teacher Naturalist Assistant at the Audubon Center, a non profit organization connecting people with nature. A big part of her __21__ is giving urban youth the chance to spot wildlife, and gain a greater __22__ of nature.“If things go well，” she says at the end of the tour, “students who used to be __23__ even by bees will no longer be afraid of insect bites, and will __24__ handle mud, and whatever little moving __25__ they can catch. ”
Joy values most the __26__ that show how much this opportunity means to the students. She __27__ one particularly long day. One boy had been misbehaving a lot, frightening away the wildlife. At the end of the tour, __28__ he ran to her.
“Miss, ” he said, “it was __29__ to pet the fur of those dead animals.”
It wasn't how Joy would normally refer to the specimens (标本) of animal fur, but she knew what the boy meant. He looked over the river banks, __30__ for a moment as if he was weighing something in his mind.
“This place is really amazing，” he __31__ said. “This has been the best field trip we've ever been on, ever.”
Joy grew up in a little village in England. She fondly remembers __32__ nature walks with Girl Scout volunteers. They helped her __33__ her life long passion for nature, which she wants to share with children today. Like all volunteers, Joy has a __34__ for looking at the world through the eyes of her students. “Maybe only five out of every hundred children will come back, but for many, the experiences will __35__ their entire lives，” she said.
21．A.life B．dream
C．challenge D．job
22．A.appreciation B．taste
C．wealth D．control
23．A.amazed B．scared
C．attracted D．bored
24．A.carelessly B．unwillingly
C．happily D．seriously
25．A.creatures B．images
C．spirits D．shadows
26．A.stories B．moments
C．honors D．rewards
27．A.ruins B．names
C．recalls D．imagines
28．A.casually B．sadly
C．gratefully D．suddenly
29．A.harmful B．great
C．terrible D．lucky
30．A.glad B．quiet
C．running D．smiling
31．A.finally B．honestly
C．openly D．smoothly
32．A.living through B．talking about
C．arranging D．taking
33．A.discuss B．spare
C．understand D．discover
34．A.hope B．gift
C．reason D．need
35．A.spoil B．adjust
C．last D．save
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Do you love those shoes but can't decide whether __36__ (buy) the brown or the blue In the near future, you may not have to decide.
A new technology from MIT's Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) uses reprogrammable ink to change __37__ color of ordinary objects.The system, named “PhotoChromeleon”， uses special dyes that change color when __38__ (expose) to UV light.
“This special type of dye will __39__ (able) a very large number of options that could improve manufacturing efficiency and reduce overall waste，” __40__ (say) CSAIL postdoctoral researcher Yuhua Jin.“Users could personalize their belongings and appearance on a daily basis, __41__ the need to buy the same object multiple times in different colors and styles.”
Past projects __42__ (involve) reversible color change technology have only been able to go from transparent to one color and back again.PhotoChromeleon is unique because it can change between __43__ (color)．
“It's interesting, and it's a cool idea，” says Warren Jasper, a professor of textile engineering of the MIT research.“But for it to become commercially workable, the researchers will need to deal with how to keep the colors from __44__ (fade) in the sun.And __45__ they want to scale up, they'll also need to find a more environmentally friendly way to get rid of the waste.”
第三部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是红星中学学生会主席李华。你准备邀请自然学家和仿生发明家Mr Harman来你校做一次关于仿生学的讲座。请你根据以下要点给他写一封邀请信。
1．讲座内容； 2.讲座时间。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段， 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Three days earlier, 12 year old Michael had disappeared from his campsite in the Blue Ridge Mountains in North Carolina. He had loved and read the books about young boys surviving in the woods alone. However, a massive search had passed and there was hardly any sign of the boy. People were about to lose hope when one dog, named Gandalf, stepped in.
Misha and Gandalf, her two year old dog, had trained for a year with the South Carolina Search and Rescue Dog Association. But this was their first real job, and Misha decided she had to cooperate well with her dog.
After leaving home in the early morning, Misha gathered with her team members, and they headed to the mountains. All they found in the whole morning was some thin slices of fried potato. They were west of Michael's campsite along a fire road that ran deep inside. Then they found footprints leading to another path and then to a stream about a quarter mile from the camp. It was a fairly good path, but they lost the tracks at the stream.
Now the sun went down and the temperature began to drop below freezing. Thankfully, Michael had been wearing a red coat and good boots. Misha breathed a sigh of relief and hoped the boy had found shelter.
Worried as she was, Misha remained calm. She took out the bag containing the shred (碎片) of Michael's shirt and let Gandalf sniff it. Head up and nose high, the dog started up the path. Misha concentrated on the search ahead. She didn't want anything negative to cloud her focus. “Michael is alive. We're going to find him，” she told Gandalf.
Night was coming and it was time for the rescuers to turn back and go downhill. It seemed that Gandalf wouldn't stop. He ran to the left, out of sight behind the edge of the cliff (悬崖). Misha turned the bend, trying not to be left behind.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。
Suddenly 50 yards up on the cliff side lay a boy in a red coat.
As it turned out, Michael's experience was nothing like what he read in his novels.
UNIT 5 单元仿真验收性评价
第一部分
[A]
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个国际奖项“自然的未来(FFN)”的目的、益处和申请资格等相关信息。
1．选B 细节理解题。根据The Future For Nature aims to部分中的“Reward and fund individuals for their outstanding efforts in wildlife protection.”和“Encourage winners to sustain their dedicated work.”可知，“自然的未来”的目标之一是激励年轻人参与保护工作。
2．选C 细节理解题。根据Benefits下的“FFN offers the winners a platform and brings their stories to the attention of conservationists, financiers and a wide audience.”以及“FFN offers the opportunity to meet people with the same interest and continue to learn with each other.”可知，获胜者将有机会遇见志同道合的人。
3．选A 细节理解题。根据The candidate：下的“Must be born on or after the 31st May 1988 and before the 28th of August 2005.”可知，候选人需要符合年龄限制。
[B]
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在黑暗的夜晚来到乡下进行亲近自然的探索旅行，并阐明了亲近自然给自己带来的好处，进而倡导人们要走进自然、体验自然。
4．选A 推理判断题。根据第一段“The lights from the cottage windows ...itself in a new light.”可知，云层发出的“阻止”动作以及风景“展现自我”的动作为拟人化描写。
5．选B 观点态度题。根据倒数第二段的“being out in the countryside ...become part of the surroundings”可知，在乡下的冒险体验给作者带来了好处。由此可知，作者对“迷你冒险”持赞同的态度。
6．选D 写作意图题。根据第三段的“Only in the past few hundred ...Walking at night is a powerful way of reconnecting.When your vision is reduced, your other senses are sharpened.”和最后一段可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励人们亲近自然、走进自然，与自然重新建立联系。
7．选A 标题归纳题。阅读文章可知，作者在黑暗的夜晚来到乡下进行亲近自然的探索旅行，并描述了亲近自然给自己带来的好处，进而倡导人们要走进自然、体验自然。由此可知，A项(入夜)适合作为文章的标题。
[C]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了专家们的一个新发现——用热带蜘蛛来消灭飞蛾。
8．选B 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，飞蛾很难消灭是因为它有抗药性。
9．选A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The tropical tent web spiders operate in large groups and can create giant joined up webs capable of catching insects in the air.”可知，蜘蛛织网的能力使得利用蜘蛛来控制害虫成为可能。
10．选C 观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“Future studies are needed to investigate whether the spiders may negatively impact crop pollination (传粉) by also catching bees and other key pollinators.”可推知，他对这种新的消灭害虫的方法是持谨慎的态度的。
11．选D 标题归纳题。根据第一段最后一句话和第二段最后一句，并结合全文内容可知，本文介绍了一种用热带蜘蛛来消灭飞蛾的新方法，这种方法因为减少了对杀虫剂的使用而对环境有益。故D项“蜘蛛：一种环保的杀虫剂替代品”最适合作文章标题。
[D]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了微生物学家设计了一种可持续的方法，利用细菌去除环境中有污染性的微塑料。
12．选B 词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句可知，细菌会黏在表面上形成一种名为生物膜的黏性物质，并且科学家们想利用这种细菌特性去除有污染性的微塑料。因此可推断出，adhesive 意为“有黏性的”。
13．选A 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，微塑料很难收集回收是因为它们看起来很微小。
14．选D 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，生物学家们已经演示了一个处理微塑料的方法，这个方法很有潜力被研发成一项废水处理科技。所以 D 项“生物膜工程在废水处理方面很有前景”正确。
15．选A 主旨大意题。根据全文，特别是文章第一句可知，短文主要讲述微生物学家设计出了一种方法移除环境中有污染性的微塑料。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了让孩子融入自然的一些方法。
16．选B 下文中的“‘I don't know ... together.’ is ...the ball rolling.”与上文中的“Inspire curiosity”相呼应。由此可推知，此处表示鼓励孩子一起探索你自己也不知道答案的问题，从而激发孩子的好奇心，故选B。
17．选A 根据空后一句可推知，在车上时关掉电子设备，多看看窗外也是一种与自然接触的方式，故选A。
18．选C 空处承接上文“Time in nature ... well being.”且根据空后的“nurturing creativity ... as parents”可推知，如果想要培养出健康、明智的孩子，培养他们的创造性和好奇心也是作为父母的责任，故选C。
19．选G 根据空前一句可推知，和孩子一起观察星空能够加深对自然界的理解。G项中的it指代空前一句中的“the universe”，故选G。
20．选D 空处承接空前一句“Plant a small garden”，并与空后一句相呼应。由此可推知，作者建议父母开辟一个小菜园，帮孩子种点蔬菜，一起见证它们生长的奇迹，故选D。
第二部分
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Joy是一位老师，她致力于给生活在城市中的学生们提供观察野生动物的机会，帮助他们更好地了解和欣赏大自然。
21．选D 根据下文“giving urban youth the chance to spot wildlife ”可知，此处说的是她的工作内容。故选D。
22．选A 根据上文“gain a greater”可知，此处表示通过观察野生动物，城市中的青少年可以更进一步了解、认识大自然。故选A。
23．选B 根据下文“will no longer be afraid of insect bites ”可知，此处说的是害怕被蜜蜂蜇到。故选B。
24．选C 根据上文“will no longer be afraid of insect bites ”以及下文“handle mud ”可知，此处说的是学生们将不再害怕昆虫叮咬，而是愉快地处理泥巴。故选C。
25．选A 根据下文“they can catch ”可知，此处指的是小动物。故选A。
26．选B 根据上文“values most”以及下文“that show how much this opportunity means to the students”可知，此处表示展示这个机会对学生们意义的时刻或场景。故选B。
27．选C 根据下文“one particularly long day”可知，此处说的是她的回忆。故选C。
28．选D 根据下文“he ran to her ”可知，句子描述的是旅游结束时发生的一个动作。D项“suddenly (突然)”用来修饰动词ran，可以表达他跑向她的动作是突然的。
29．选B 根据下文“It wasn't how Joy would normally refer to the specimens (标本) of animal fur, but she knew what the boy meant”以及“This place is really amazing”可知，这次参观对男孩产生了积极的影响，B项“great”表达的含义符合语境。
30．选B 根据下文“as if he was weighing something in his mind”可知，此处表示他望向河岸，安静了一会儿，仿佛在脑海里权衡着什么。故选B。
31．选A 根据上文可知，此处说的是他沉默片刻，最后说出了心里的想法。故选A。
32．选D 根据上文“Joy grew up in a little village in England. ”可知，她回忆起了儿时和朋友们在大自然中漫步的情景。故选D。
33．选D 根据下文“her life long passion for nature”可知，儿时的经历让她发现了对大自然的终身热爱。故选D。
34．选B 根据下文“looking at the world through the eyes of her students”可知，Joy有一种与生俱来的、特殊的才能或天赋，让她能够通过学生的眼睛看世界。这种表述不仅强调了Joy作为志愿者的特殊性，还突出了她与学生之间的共鸣和理解。故选B。
35．选C 根据下文“their entire lives”可知，此处表示这种经历将持续他们的一生。故选C。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了麻省理工学院计算机科学与人工智能实验室的新技术——“光致变色”系统。
36．to buy 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，“疑问词＋不定式”作decide的宾语，故填to buy。
37．the 考查冠词。此处特指普通物体的颜色，故填the。
38．exposed 考查固定短语和状语从句的省略。 be exposed to表示“暴露于”，此处为状语从句的省略，完整形式为：when they are exposed to UV light，相当于省略了they are。
39．enable 考查动词。 此处缺少动词作谓语，根据语境可知，此处表示“使能够”，will后用动词原形，故填enable。
40．says 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。 文章的基础时态为一般现在时，此处也应该用一般现在时；本句为主谓倒装结构，主语为CSAIL postdoctoral researcher Yuhua Jin，谓语动词用第三人称单数，故填says。
41．without 考查介词。句意：用户可以每天对自己的物品和外表进行个性化设置，而无需多次购买同一种不同颜色和款式的物品。根据句意可知，此处表示“不用，无需”，故填without。
42．involving 考查非谓语动词。 分析句子结构可知，此处使用非谓语动词。Past projects 与involve之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作后置定语，故填involving。
43．colors 考查名词复数。句意：“光致变色”系统是独一无二的，因为它可以在不同的颜色之间来回切换。表示具体的颜色时，color是可数名词，此处用复数泛指不同的颜色，故填colors。
44．fading 考查非谓语动词。 介词后接动名词作宾语，colors与fade之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，所以用动名词的主动式，故填fading。
45．if 考查连词。句意：如果他们想扩大规模，他们还需要找到一种更环保的方法来处理垃圾。结合句意可知，应用if引导条件状语从句。
第三部分
第一节 参考范文：
Dear Mr Harman，
I am Li Hua, chairman of the Students' Union of Hongxing Middle School.It is my great honor to invite you to give a lecture to the students in my school on biomimicry on June 12.
We students are always interested in biomimicry and we're eager to know something about it.It would be our great honor if you could come to give us a lecture on it.Please let me know your date of arrival if you can come.If you have any question, please contact me as soon as possible.
I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节 参考范文：
Suddenly 50 yards up on the cliff side lay a boy in a red coat. Misha began yelling, “Michael, is that you ” The boy turned silently towards them. It was clear that he was dizzy from hunger and tiredness. Quickly Misha and other members climbed up to him. They carried him downhill to safety next to Gandalf. “Well, this is Gandalf. It was he that led us to you，” she said to the boy, pointing to the dog who was shaking his tail proudly. While the rescuers contacted the base camp, Michael had some food and water they'd given to him. Then he explained his adventure in the woods.
As it turned out, Michael's experience was nothing like what he read in his novels. Unlike their characters, he had not been lucky enough to find a cave or any other tool that would have helped him. But he went all out to survive. He used tree leaves to stay warm and wild fruits to keep him from dying of starvation. The biggest mistake he made was that he didn't stay in one place or make enough noise to attract attention. He was grateful to everyone who looked for him, especially Gandalf.