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Section Ⅰ “Understanding ideas”的课文习读环节
文意整体把握
Ⅰ.理清文脉结构
Ⅱ.把握主旨大意
What's the main idea of the text？( )
A．To introduce the D Day landings which happened in 1944 and the 70th anniversary of it.
B．To explain the cruelty of the war.
C．To explain the injuries and deaths caused by the war.
D．To remind people to remember history.
文意深度理解
(一)阅读理解
1．What does “Operation Overlord” refer to？( )
A．A combination of weather, moon and tides.
B．An unexpected historical attack against Germany.
C．An unusual operation against Allied troops.
D．A surprising gathering at the beach of England.
2．What is the aim of “Operation Overlord”？( )
A．To make up Allied troops.
B．To plan a top secret operation.
C．To free north west Europe from German occupation.
D．To combine weather with sea.
3．What can we learn from Eisenhower's words？( )
A．His warning for the soldiers.
B．His belief in success.
C．His concern about the safety of the soldiers.
D．His devotion to duty in battle.
4．How did Allied soldiers feel after hearing the order from General Eisenhower？( )
A．Inspired. B．Puzzled.
C．Discouraged. D．Moved.
5．What can we learn from the scenes one soldier recalled？( )
A．The fighting was very fierce.
B．The enemy were very wise.
C．Heavy machine gunfire was terrible.
D．Tanks were of little use.
(二)阅读表达
1．What is the historical significance of the D Day landings
2．What is your understanding of the poem For the Fallen
|阅|读|技|能|提|升|
本文的语篇类型为记叙文。文章介绍了诺曼底登陆的背景、过程和历史意义，表达了对牺牲战士的缅怀。阅读记叙文时，应注意厘清双线：明线及暗线。本文的明线为时间线，作者按照时间顺序讲述了诺曼底登陆的经过、发展和结果，阅读时注意根据时间关键词，提炼行文脉络。本文中掺杂了经历这次战争的人对战斗惨烈情况的描述和自己的感受，这是文章的暗线——情感线，阅读时注意根据相关的描述性词语总结人物的情感。
(一)赏用词之妙
1．By spring 1944, the Second World War had been raging across the globe for about five years.
赏析：本句中raging across the globe意为“席卷全球”，用词形象，充分展示了当时形势的残酷和严峻。
2．After waiting for the perfect combination of weather, moon and tides, the date for the start of Operation Overlord was set for 6 June.
赏析：本句中perfect用词贴切，突出了准备充分，将天时、地利、人和都考虑在内的情景。
3．Meanwhile, thousands more were journeying across the English Channel to Normandy, protected by fighter planes in the skies above them.
赏析：此处的journeying为名词用作动词，形象生动地呈现了数千人穿越英吉利海峡的壮观场面。
4．By mid morning, hundreds lay dead in the water and amongst the tanks on the beach.
赏析：此处lay在句中用作系动词，意为“躺，平卧”，后跟形容词dead作表语，形象地刻画了战争的惨烈场面。
①(完成句子)Forest fires ________________________________________________________________________.
森林大火迅速蔓延，失去了控制。
②(完成句子)____________________________. Black darkness had settled over Treasure Island and the night was clothed in a thick fog.
对我的计划来说，那是个完美的夜晚。金银岛上一片漆黑，夜笼罩在浓雾中。
③(翻译句子)The soldier wormed his way toward the enemy's lines.
________________________________________________________________________
④(翻译句子)He fished out a coin for the boy.
________________________________________________________________________
(二)赏句式之高
1．Code named “Operation Overlord”，it was the largest combined sea, air and land operation in history, the aim being to free north west Europe from German occupation.
赏析：本句中Code named “Operation Overlord”和the aim being to free north west Europe from German occupation分别使用过去分词短语和独立主格结构作状语，使句子简洁流畅。
2．With these words ringing in their ears, Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D Day.
赏析：With these words ringing in their ears是with复合结构，用来说明背景情况，强调了艾森豪威尔将军的话在鼓舞士气方面的积极作用，烘托大战一触即发的紧张气氛。
①He stood at the window, ________________________________________________________________________.
他站在窗边，阳光洒在他的脸上。
②________________________________________________________________________，
he stood up and walked towards the podium.
他站起来向讲台走去，他的心怦怦直跳。
(三)赏衔接之顺
1．Boats were hit and men drowned, while those who did make it to the beach faced heavy machine gunfire.
赏析：本句中并列连词while通过对比前后两部分的内容，呈现了一幅惨烈的动态画面：船被击翻，一些人落水而亡，而那些成功抵达海滩的人面对的则是机关枪的猛烈扫射。
2．Although each year they are fewer in number, their outstanding acts of courage mean that we will always remember them—as well as those who lost their lives on the beaches of northern France.
赏析：此处先运用衔接词although与后文形成转折关系，然后又使用了并列衔接词as well as突出“那些在法国北部海滩上阵亡的人”，强调那些诺曼底登陆日的幸存者以及阵亡者将永远被记住。衔接词的使用让句式衔接紧密，过渡自然顺畅，逻辑清晰合理。
1945年，世界陷入了困境。城市沦为废墟，经济实体被毁，数千万人丧生，全球各地无数的人流离失所、无家可归。第二次世界大战是人类历史上最具破坏性和波及范围最广泛的全球战争，它摧毁了世界各地人民的生活。而联合国就诞生于这场灾难之后的灰烬之中，它为渴望持久和平与安全的世界带来了希望。阅读下文，了解一些关于这个了不起的组织的基本情况。
In 1945, the world was on its knees. Cities lay in ruins, economies were destroyed, tens of millions of people were killed, and families across the globe were homeless and mourning the loss of loved ones. World War Ⅱ， the deadliest human conflict of all time, had shattered people's lives everywhere. From the ashes of this utter destruction rose the organization that we now know as the
①
United Nations (UN), offering hope to a world desperate for lasting peace and security.
The UN was officially established on 24 October 1945, when the UN Charter, the founding document of the organization, came into force. The following year, the first meeting of the UN was held in London and was attended by representatives of 51 countries. Currently, the UN is made up of over 190 Member States. All of them work together to maintain international peace and security, protect human rights, deliver humanitarian aid, promote sustainable development and uphold international law.Over the years, the UN has been committed to fulfilling its ambition of being the
②
one place where all the world's nations can gather together, discuss common problems, and find shared solutions that benefit all of humanity. In the words of the UN Secretary General António Guterres，“When international cooperation works, the world wins.” The UN believes that international cooperation plays an essential role in addressing many issues, such as clean water, poverty and education.
While the UN is a huge global organization, every one of us can do something to make a positive difference. To quote the famous historian and philosopher Howard Zinn, “Small acts, when multiplied by millions of people, can transform the world.” So every one of us should find out more about how we can make a difference to one person, one society or the world, no matter how small!
滴水穿石
1．由文积词汇
shatter v． 粉碎；被破坏
utter adj. 彻底的，完全的
charter n. 宪章
founding adj. 建立的，创办的
come into force 生效
uphold vt. 维护；支持(正义等)
play an essential role 起着至关重要的作用
quote v. 引用
2．据文悟句式
句① 主句中介词短语From the ashes of this utter destruction置于句首，句子使用了完全倒装结构； that we now know as the United Nations (UN)为that引导的定语从句；offering hope to ...为分词短语作后置定语。
句② being the one place ...为动名词短语作介词of的宾语；where all the ...为定语从句，修饰the one place，同时，该定语从句中又含有that引导的定语从句，修饰shared solutions。
Section Ⅰ
NO.1 精阅读
文意整体把握
Ⅰ.①6 June ②issued ③80 ④fiercest ⑤success
⑥English Channel ⑦memorial ceremonies ⑧fellow soldiers
Ⅱ.A
文意深度理解
(一)1～5 BCBAA
(二)1.The D Day landings were the largest combined sea, air and land operation in history. The operation was seen widely as the beginning of the end of the Second World War.
2．It is a lament (悼词) in memory of those who died in the war, reflecting the cruelty of the war. Thus, we call for peace. We need peace and we don't want war. Let's try to build a more stable and harmonious society.
NO.2 美表达
(一)①were raging out of control ②It was a perfect night for my plan ③这名士兵蠕行爬向敌人的防线。
④他掏出了一枚硬币给这个男孩。
(二)①the sun shining on his face
②With his heart knocking wildly(共74张PPT)
把握单元 素养目标
主题意识 本单元的主题是 “战争与和平”。通过了解战争给人们带来的伤害和影响，了解不同历史背景下的英雄们在维护和平的过程中所做出的牺牲，认识到战争的残酷性与和平的重要性，意识到虽然身处和平年代，仍要居安思危、不忘过往。
语法项目 总结归纳主谓一致的基本规则，并能在真实语境中灵活运用。
续表
语言输入 听 能够听懂与战争相关的话题，增强热爱和平、珍惜和平的意识。
读 能够理解与“战争与和平”相关的文章内容，能够读懂对战争场面的描写。
看 通过观看与战争相关的视频，了解第一次世界大战和第二次世界大战的相关信息。
语言输出 写 能够恰当使用所学词汇和表达介绍战争的影响和维护和平的英雄，描述英雄的生平经历和相关故事。
说 能够恰当使用所学词汇、句型谈论与战争的影响以及全世界人民为了维护和平所做的努力相关的话题。
Section Ⅰ
“Understanding ideas”的课文习读环节
NO 1
精阅读/提升阅读“理解力”
NO 2
美表达/强化写作“基本功”
NO 3
慧人生/以文化人“增才情”
NO 4
课时跟踪检测
目 录
No.1 精阅读/提升阅读“理解力”
文意整体把握
Ⅰ.理清文脉结构
6 June
issued
80
fiercest
success
English Channel
memorial ceremonies
fellow soldiers
Ⅱ.把握主旨大意
What's the main idea of the text
A．To introduce the D Day landings which happened in 1944 and the 70th anniversary of it.
B．To explain the cruelty of the war.
C．To explain the injuries and deaths caused by the war.
D．To remind people to remember history.
√
文意深度理解
(一)阅读理解
1．What does “Operation Overlord” refer to
A．A combination of weather, moon and tides.
B．An unexpected historical attack against Germany.
C．An unusual operation against Allied troops.
D．A surprising gathering at the beach of England.
√
√
2．What is the aim of “Operation Overlord”？
A．To make up Allied troops.
B．To plan a top secret operation.
C．To free north west Europe from German occupation.
D．To combine weather with sea.
√
3．What can we learn from Eisenhower's words
A．His warning for the soldiers.
B．His belief in success.
C．His concern about the safety of the soldiers.
D．His devotion to duty in battle.
√
4．How did Allied soldiers feel after hearing the order from General Eisenhower
A．Inspired. B．Puzzled.
C．Discouraged. D．Moved.
√
5．What can we learn from the scenes one soldier recalled
A．The fighting was very fierce.
B．The enemy were very wise.
C．Heavy machine gunfire was terrible.
D．Tanks were of little use.
(二)阅读表达
1．What is the historical significance of the D Day landings
The D Day landings were the largest combined sea, air and land operation in history. The operation was seen widely as the beginning of the end of the Second World War.
2．What is your understanding of the poem For the Fallen
It is a lament (悼词) in memory of those who died in the war, reflecting the cruelty of the war. Thus, we call for peace. We need peace and we don't want war. Let's try to build a more stable and harmonious society.
阅读技能提升
本文的语篇类型为记叙文。文章介绍了诺曼底登陆的背景、过程和历史意义，表达了对牺牲战士的缅怀。阅读记叙文时，应注意厘清双线：明线及暗线。本文的明线为时间线，作者按照时间顺序讲述了诺曼底登陆的经过、发展和结果，阅读时注意根据时间关键词，提炼行文脉络。本文中掺杂了经历这次战争的人对战斗惨烈情况的描述和自己的感受，这是文章的暗线——情感线，阅读时注意根据相关的描述性词语总结人物的情感。
No.2 美表达/强化写作“基本功”
(一)赏用词之妙
1．By spring 1944, the Second World War had been raging across the globe for about five years.
赏析：本句中raging across the globe意为“席卷全球”，用词形象，充分展示了当时形势的残酷和严峻。
2．After waiting for the perfect combination of weather, moon and tides, the date for the start of Operation Overlord was set for 6 June.
赏析：本句中perfect用词贴切，突出了准备充分，将天时、地利、人和都考虑在内的情景。
3．Meanwhile, thousands more were journeying across the English Channel to Normandy, protected by fighter planes in the skies above them.
赏析：此处的journeying为名词用作动词，形象生动地呈现了数千人穿越英吉利海峡的壮观场面。
4．By mid -morning, hundreds lay dead in the water and amongst the tanks on the beach.
赏析：此处lay在句中用作系动词，意为“躺，平卧”，后跟形容词dead作表语，形象地刻画了战争的惨烈场面。
仿写训练
①(完成句子)Forest fires_________________________.
森林大火迅速蔓延，失去了控制。
②(完成句子)________________________________. Black darkness had settled over Treasure Island and the night was clothed in a thick fog.
对我的计划来说，那是个完美的夜晚。金银岛上一片漆黑，夜笼罩在浓雾中。
were raging out of control
It was a perfect night for my plan
③(翻译句子)The soldier wormed his way toward the enemy's lines.
____________________________
④(翻译句子)He fished out a coin for the boy.
________________________________________________________________________________
这名士兵蠕行爬向敌人的防线。
他掏出了一枚硬币给这个男孩。
(二)赏句式之高
1．Code named “Operation Overlord”，it was the largest combined sea, air and land operation in history, the aim being to free north west Europe from German occupation.
赏析：本句中Code named “Operation Overlord”和the aim being to free north west Europe from German occupation分别使用过去分词短语和独立主格结构作状语，使句子简洁流畅。
2．With these words ringing in their ears, Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D Day.
赏析：With these words ringing in their ears是with复合结构，用来说明背景情况，强调了艾森豪威尔将军的话在鼓舞士气方面的积极作用，烘托大战一触即发的紧张气氛。
仿写训练/完成句子
①He stood at the window,________________________.
他站在窗边，阳光洒在他的脸上。
②_______________________________, he stood up and walked towards the podium.
他站起来向讲台走去，他的心怦怦直跳。
the sun shining on his face
With his heart knocking wildly
(三)赏衔接之顺
1．Boats were hit and men drowned, while those who did make it to the beach faced heavy machine gunfire.
赏析：本句中并列连词while通过对比前后两部分的内容，呈现了一幅惨烈的动态画面：船被击翻，一些人落水而亡，而那些成功抵达海滩的人面对的则是机关枪的猛烈扫射。
2．Although each year they are fewer in number, their outstanding acts of courage mean that we will always remember them—as well as those who lost their lives on the beaches of northern France.
赏析：此处先运用衔接词although与后文形成转折关系，然后又使用了并列衔接词as well as突出“那些在法国北部海滩上阵亡的人”，强调那些诺曼底登陆日的幸存者以及阵亡者将永远被记住。衔接词的使用让句式衔接紧密，过渡自然顺畅，逻辑清晰合理。
No.3 慧人生/以文化人“增才情”
1945年，世界陷入了困境。城市沦为废墟，经济实体被毁，数千万人丧生，全球各地无数的人流离失所、无家可归。第二次世界大战是人类历史上最具破坏性和波及范围最广泛的全球战争，它摧毁了世界各地人民的生活。而联合国就诞生于这场灾难之后的灰烬之中，它为渴望持久和平与安全的世界带来了希望。阅读下文，了解一些关于这个了不起的组织的基本情况。
of humanity. In the words of the UN Secretary General António Guterres，“When international cooperation works, the world wins.” The UN believes that international cooperation plays an essential role in addressing many issues, such as clean water, poverty and education.
While the UN is a huge global organization, every one of us can do something to make a positive difference. To quote the famous historian and philosopher Howard Zinn, “Small acts, when multiplied by millions of people, can transform the world.” So every one of us should find out more about how we can make a difference to one person, one society or the world, no matter how small!
滴水穿石
1．由文积词汇
shatter v． 粉碎；被破坏
utter adj. 彻底的，完全的
charter n. 宪章
founding adj. 建立的，创办的
come into force 生效
uphold vt. 维护；支持(正义等)
play an essential role 起着至关重要的作用
quote v. 引用
2．据文悟句式
句① 主句中介词短语From the ashes of this utter destruction置于句首，句子使用了完全倒装结构； that we now know as the United Nations (UN)为that引导的定语从句；offering hope to ...为分词短语作后置定语。
句② being the one place ...为动名词短语作介词of的宾语；where all the ...为定语从句，修饰the one place，同时，该定语从句中又含有that引导的定语从句，修饰shared solutions。
No.4 课时跟踪检测
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Over forty years ago, my brother, Harvey Cooley, met a soldier, David Lawson during basic training.In their free time, they hung out together.As the weeks went by, they grew very close, almost like brothers.However, after basic training, soldiers moved on to advanced training.They thought they would never see each other again.
Five months later, these men were in the same city waiting for transport to the front.Harvey and David had an unexpected surprise when they ran into each other.They talked very briefly since they had got to report in five minutes.They agreed to meet after they were discharged (退伍) from the service.Harvey wrote a brief note which he gave to David showing the date and location they were to meet.
Harvey never made it back home.He died while saving two soldiers during enemy fire.David did not learn of Harvey's death until thirty years ago.He wrote a letter to Harvey after he returned home and asked if they could postpone their meeting to a later date.His letter was unanswered.David felt then that Harvey must not have made it back.He knew Harvey would surely have answered his letter if he had been able to.
David never forgot Harvey. The other day, while he was searching the Internet for information about Harvey, he found a poem dedicated (献给) to Harvey by me.He sent me an email and told me about his friendship with Harvey and we swapped phone numbers.
David called me and we talked about his friendship with Harvey.While on the phone with David, I learned about the note Harvey had written for him.David still had the note and sent me a copy of it.
It is amazing, to say the least, that David was able to track me down.Even more amazing is the fact that he still had Harvey's note after all these years.David told me it was a joy to finally hear about Harvey through me after over forty years.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一段跨越战争和生死的友情。
√
1．What did Harvey and David decide to do after they met unexpectedly
A．Meet after they returned.
B．Leave the army.
C．Write a report.
D．Go to advanced training.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They agreed to meet after they were discharged (退伍) from the service.Harvey wrote a brief note which he gave to David showing the date and location they were to meet.”可知，哈维和戴维在短暂的见面后约定了他们退伍后见面的时间和地点。
√
2．What did David do when he didn't hear from Harvey
A．He decided to meet Harvey at a later time.
B．He went to the front to look for Harvey.
C．He feared that Harvey had died.
D．He asked two soldiers about Harvey.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“His letter was unanswered.David felt then that Harvey must not have made it back.”可知，当戴维没有收到哈维的回信时，戴维担心哈维已经牺牲了。
√
3．The underlined word “postpone” in paragraph 3 means .
A．talk about B．put off
C．attend D．call
解析：词义猜测题。根据后面的to a later date可知，戴维写信是想把见面的时间推迟。由此推知，画线词的意思是“推迟”。
√
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．A Note Kept for Over Forty Years
B．Relationship Developed in the War
C．An Amazing Letter
D．Two Brothers Never Separated
解析：标题归纳题。根据最后一段“It is amazing, to say the least ...after over forty years.”可知，A项“一张保存了40多年的纸条”是最佳标题。故选A项。
B
In the heart of the war torn city, where buildings stood like wounded soldiers, Emma waited in line for her weekly ration. The line moved slowly, a gloomy procession of gaunt (瘦削憔悴的) faces and threadbare coats. When her turn came, the ration officer handed her the allotted food with a detached efficiency. “Two loaves, half a pound of sugar, and a tin of powdered milk，” he recited. The portions seemed to shrink each week, mirroring the increasingly slim hope in people's hearts.
Clutching her meager (少且劣质的) supplies, Emma hurried through the bombed out streets, carefully avoiding craters and debris. The city, once vibrant and bustling, now lay in a silent surrender to scarcity and fear. At home, her family's small garden offered a sharp contrast to the desolation around. Here, amidst the rows of struggling vegetables, her father toiled.
“Dad, let me help，” Emma offered, taking the shovel from his weary hands. Together, they dug into the earth, creating a hidden cache for extra food. It was a secret they guarded fiercely, knowing that in times of shortage, even neighbours could turn against each other out of desperation.
As they worked, Emma's mind wandered to the days before the war, when food was abundant and their garden was a source of joy, not just survival. She remembered her mother's cooking, the pleasant smell that filled their kitchen, the laughter that accompanied their meals. Now, each bite of their bland rations was a reminder of what had been lost.
In the evenings, the family gathered around a small table, sharing their rationed food. Conversation flowed, weaving tales of better times, igniting sparks of hope. Emma's younger brother, Tom, would often ask, “When will we have chocolate again？” It was a question loaded with longing, not just for the sweetness of chocolate but for the return of normalcy.
Despite the hardship, they found reasons to smile. Emma's father would recount stories from his youth, tales of adventure that seemed like fairy tales in their grim surroundings. Her mother would hum old tunes, filling their home with a semblance (表象) of warmth and normalcy.
As winter deepened, the rations grew scarcer, and the hidden cache in the garden became their lifeline. Each day, Emma and her father would check the hole, ensuring their precious supplies were safe. The hole, a mere cavity in the ground, symbolized their resilience, a refusal to give in to despair.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了饱受战争蹂躏的艾玛一家的生存状态以及对未来的憧憬。
5．How did the amount of weekly rations appear to change each week
A．Significantly increased
B．Dramatically decreased
C．Remained the same
D．Decreased each week
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“The portions seemed to shrink each week ...”可知，食物的配给每周都在减少。
√
6．What does the term “hidden cache” in the third paragraph refer to in the article
A．A treasure map
B．A buried capsule
C．A secret food storage spot
D．A mysterious box
解析：词句猜测题。根据第三段“Together, they dug into the earth”和最后一段“Each day, Emma and her father would check the hole, ensuring their precious supplies were safe.”可知，他们一起挖地，挖出了一个隐秘的贮藏处，以获取额外的食物。
√
7．Which of the following is true according to the fifth paragraph
A．Abundant food shows the war has unexpectedly brought prosperity to their family.
B．The family's conversations about a war free future reflect their enduring hope.
C．Meals at the table are silent and rushed, highlighting their fear and anxiety.
D．The table becomes a place of conflict where family members argue over limited food.
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段“In the evenings, the family gathered around a small table, sharing their rationed food. Conversation flowed, weaving tales of better times, igniting sparks of hope.”可知，这家人在餐桌上会憧憬一下不再有战争的日子，这是他们内心长久以来的渴望。
√
8．Tom's longing for chocolate is symbolic in the story. What does this longing represent
A．It's a simple thirst for a treat, unrelated to the broader themes of the story.
B．The desire for chocolate symbolizes a yearning for the comforts of life before the war.
C．His wish for chocolate indicates his dislike for the food rationing and nothing more.
D．It is a secret code used by the family to communicate about their hidden food.
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段“Emma's younger brother, Tom, would often ask, ‘When will we have chocolate again？’ It was a question loaded with longing, not just for the sweetness of chocolate but for the return of normalcy.”可知，对巧克力的渴望象征着对战前舒适生活、对没有战争的正常生活的向往。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Do you know some surprising innovations (创新) came from World War Ⅰ？Here are some introductions to you.
Daylight Saving Time
The idea of fiddling with (拨弄) the clock has been around since ancient times, but it was not until World War Ⅰ that governments around the globe officially adopted daylight saving time.Why To save resources such as fuel and extend the workday for the war effort. 9 ， and the Allies followed shortly after.To clear up confusion about the concept, the Washington Times used a comic strip to explain the first “spring forward” in the United States in 1918.
Blood Banks
10 ， but doctors rarely performed them before World War Ⅰ， when they were accomplished by transfusing blood directly from one person to another.Captain Oswald Robertson, a US Army Reserve doctor consulting with the British army, recognised the need to stock blood before casualties (伤亡) occurred.
Hollywood
With so much of Europe in the line of fire, the European film industry had to scale back (缩减) dramatically. 11 .Hollywood was still in its early stage, but its studios soon made fortunes producing wartime movies.The war itself provided material for countless movies in the 1920s and 1930s.
Plastic Surgery
12 .British army surgeon Harold Gillies and his colleagues performed more than 11,000 operations, mostly on soldiers suffering from facial wounds from gunshots. 13 .
There were other innovations made during World War Ⅰ，such as wristwatches, modern passports, zippers, drones, etc.
A．The Germans did it first, in 1916
B．That opened the door for the Americans
C．Blood transfusions (输血) date back to the 1600s
D．Gillies'operation became successful immediately
E．World War Ⅰleft thousands of men scarred and maimed (伤残的)
F．Gillies became known as “the father of modern plastic surgery”
G．After World War Ⅰthe blood banks appeared in the United State
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了第一次世界大战带来的一些令人惊讶的创新：德国最早使用的夏时制、血库在美国的出现、美国好莱坞大电影以及整形手术。
9．选A 根据上文中“but it was not until World War Ⅰ that governments around the globe officially adopted daylight saving time”可知，在一战时，全球各国政府才正式采用夏时制。一战时间为1914—1918年。再根据下文“the Allies followed shortly after”可知，协约国随后也采取了这一做法。A项符合语境。
10．选C 本段的小标题为Blood Banks且本段内容与输血相关，据此可将答案范围缩小到C项和G项。空后一句句意为：但医生们在一战前很少使用它们。结合句意可知，空处与空前存在转折关系，故C项“输血可追溯至17世纪”符合语境。
11．选B 本段主要叙述在欧洲电影业不得不缩减规模的情况下，战争为处于早期阶段的美国好莱坞电影提供了素材。据此可以推断出，战争给美国的电影打开了大门。分析选项可知，只有B项和G项与美国有关。而G项与血库有关，与本段无关。故B项符合题意。
12．选E 本段的小标题为Plastic Surgery。本段主要讲述了英国军医哈罗德·吉利斯和他的同事们进行了超过11 000次的手术，大部分是针对因枪击而面部受伤的士兵。结合常识可知，只有战争中留有疤痕和伤残的人才会做整形手术。故选E项。
13．选F F项“哈罗德·吉利斯作为‘整容手术之父’而闻名于世”与上文形成因果关系，符合语境。1 / 4
UNIT 3 课时检测(一) “Understanding ideas”的课文习读环节
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Over forty years ago, my brother, Harvey Cooley, met a soldier, David Lawson during basic training.In their free time, they hung out together.As the weeks went by, they grew very close, almost like brothers.However, after basic training, soldiers moved on to advanced training.They thought they would never see each other again.
Five months later, these men were in the same city waiting for transport to the front.Harvey and David had an unexpected surprise when they ran into each other.They talked very briefly since they had got to report in five minutes.They agreed to meet after they were discharged (退伍) from the service.Harvey wrote a brief note which he gave to David showing the date and location they were to meet.
Harvey never made it back home.He died while saving two soldiers during enemy fire.David did not learn of Harvey's death until thirty years ago.He wrote a letter to Harvey after he returned home and asked if they could postpone their meeting to a later date.His letter was unanswered.David felt then that Harvey must not have made it back.He knew Harvey would surely have answered his letter if he had been able to.
David never forgot Harvey. The other day, while he was searching the Internet for information about Harvey, he found a poem dedicated (献给) to Harvey by me.He sent me an email and told me about his friendship with Harvey and we swapped phone numbers.
David called me and we talked about his friendship with Harvey.While on the phone with David, I learned about the note Harvey had written for him.David still had the note and sent me a copy of it.
It is amazing, to say the least, that David was able to track me down.Even more amazing is the fact that he still had Harvey's note after all these years.David told me it was a joy to finally hear about Harvey through me after over forty years.
1．What did Harvey and David decide to do after they met unexpectedly
A．Meet after they returned
B．Leave the army.
C．Write a report.
D．Go to advanced training.
2．What did David do when he didn't hear from Harvey
A．He decided to meet Harvey at a later time.
B．He went to the front to look for Harvey.
C．He feared that Harvey had died.
D．He asked two soldiers about Harvey.
3．The underlined word “postpone” in paragraph 3 means ________.
A．talk about B．put off C．attend D．call
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．A Note Kept for Over Forty Years
B．Relationship Developed in the War
C．An Amazing Letter
D．Two Brothers Never Separated
B
In the heart of the war torn city, where buildings stood like wounded soldiers, Emma waited in line for her weekly ration. The line moved slowly, a gloomy procession of gaunt (瘦削憔悴的) faces and threadbare coats. When her turn came, the ration officer handed her the allotted food with a detached efficiency. “Two loaves, half a pound of sugar, and a tin of powdered milk，” he recited. The portions seemed to shrink each week, mirroring the increasingly slim hope in people's hearts.
Clutching her meager (少且劣质的) supplies, Emma hurried through the bombed out streets, carefully avoiding craters and debris. The city, once vibrant and bustling, now lay in a silent surrender to scarcity and fear. At home, her family's small garden offered a sharp contrast to the desolation around. Here, amidst the rows of struggling vegetables, her father toiled.
“Dad, let me help，” Emma offered, taking the shovel from his weary hands. Together, they dug into the earth, creating a hidden_cache for extra food. It was a secret they guarded fiercely, knowing that in times of shortage, even neighbours could turn against each other out of desperation.
As they worked, Emma's mind wandered to the days before the war, when food was abundant and their garden was a source of joy, not just survival. She remembered her mother's cooking, the pleasant smell that filled their kitchen, the laughter that accompanied their meals. Now, each bite of their bland rations was a reminder of what had been lost.
In the evenings, the family gathered around a small table, sharing their rationed food. Conversation flowed, weaving tales of better times, igniting sparks of hope. Emma's younger brother, Tom, would often ask, “When will we have chocolate again？” It was a question loaded with longing, not just for the sweetness of chocolate but for the return of normalcy.
Despite the hardship, they found reasons to smile. Emma's father would recount stories from his youth, tales of adventure that seemed like fairy tales in their grim surroundings. Her mother would hum old tunes, filling their home with a semblance (表象) of warmth and normalcy.
As winter deepened, the rations grew scarcer, and the hidden cache in the garden became their lifeline. Each day, Emma and her father would check the hole, ensuring their precious supplies were safe. The hole, a mere cavity in the ground, symbolized their resilience, a refusal to give in to despair.
5．How did the amount of weekly rations appear to change each week
A．Significantly increased
B．Dramatically decreased
C．Remained the same
D．Decreased each week
6．What does the term “hidden cache” in the third paragraph refer to in the article
A．A treasure map
B．A buried capsule
C．A secret food storage spot
D．A mysterious box
7．Which of the following is true according to the fifth paragraph
A．Abundant food shows the war has unexpectedly brought prosperity to their family.
B．The family's conversations about a war free future reflect their enduring hope.
C．Meals at the table are silent and rushed, highlighting their fear and anxiety.
D．The table becomes a place of conflict where family members argue over limited food.
8．Tom's longing for chocolate is symbolic in the story. What does this longing represent
A．It's a simple thirst for a treat, unrelated to the broader themes of the story.
B．The desire for chocolate symbolizes a yearning for the comforts of life before the war.
C．His wish for chocolate indicates his dislike for the food rationing and nothing more.
D．It is a secret code used by the family to communicate about their hidden food.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Do you know some surprising innovations (创新) came from World War Ⅰ？Here are some introductions to you.
Daylight Saving Time
The idea of fiddling with (拨弄) the clock has been around since ancient times, but it was not until World War Ⅰ that governments around the globe officially adopted daylight saving time.Why To save resources such as fuel and extend the workday for the war effort.__9__， and the Allies followed shortly after.To clear up confusion about the concept, the Washington Times used a comic strip to explain the first “spring forward” in the United States in 1918.
Blood Banks
__10__， but doctors rarely performed them before World War Ⅰ， when they were accomplished by transfusing blood directly from one person to another.Captain Oswald Robertson, a US Army Reserve doctor consulting with the British army, recognised the need to stock blood before casualties (伤亡) occurred.
Hollywood
With so much of Europe in the line of fire, the European film industry had to scale back (缩减) dramatically.__11__.Hollywood was still in its early stage, but its studios soon made fortunes producing wartime movies.The war itself provided material for countless movies in the 1920s and 1930s.
Plastic Surgery
__12__.British army surgeon Harold Gillies and his colleagues performed more than 11,000 operations, mostly on soldiers suffering from facial wounds from gunshots.__13__.
There were other innovations made during World War Ⅰ，such as wristwatches, modern passports, zippers, drones, etc.
A．The Germans did it first, in 1916
B．That opened the door for the Americans
C．Blood transfusions (输血) date back to the 1600s
D．Gillies'operation became successful immediately
E．World War Ⅰleft thousands of men scarred and maimed (伤残的)
F．Gillies became known as “the father of modern plastic surgery”
G．After World War Ⅰthe blood banks appeared in the United State
UNIT 3 课时检测(一)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
[A]
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一段跨越战争和生死的友情。
1．选A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They agreed to meet after they were discharged (退伍) from the service.Harvey wrote a brief note which he gave to David showing the date and location they were to meet.”可知，哈维和戴维在短暂的见面后约定了他们退伍后见面的时间和地点。
2．选C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“His letter was unanswered.David felt then that Harvey must not have made it back.”可知，当戴维没有收到哈维的回信时，戴维担心哈维已经牺牲了。
3．选B 词义猜测题。根据后面的to a later date可知，戴维写信是想把见面的时间推迟。由此推知，画线词的意思是“推迟”。
4．选A 标题归纳题。根据最后一段“It is amazing, to say the least ...after over forty years.”可知，A项“一张保存了40多年的纸条”是最佳标题。故选A项。
[B]
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了饱受战争蹂躏的艾玛一家的生存状态以及对未来的憧憬。
5．选D 细节理解题。根据第一段“The portions seemed to shrink each week ...”可知，食物的配给每周都在减少。
6．选C 词句猜测题。根据第三段“Together, they dug into the earth”和最后一段“Each day, Emma and her father would check the hole, ensuring their precious supplies were safe.”可知，他们一起挖地，挖出了一个隐秘的贮藏处，以获取额外的食物。
7．选B 推理判断题。根据第五段“In the evenings, the family gathered around a small table, sharing their rationed food. Conversation flowed, weaving tales of better times, igniting sparks of hope.”可知，这家人在餐桌上会憧憬一下不再有战争的日子，这是他们内心长久以来的渴望。
8．选B 推理判断题。根据第五段“Emma's younger brother, Tom, would often ask, ‘When will we have chocolate again？’ It was a question loaded with longing, not just for the sweetness of chocolate but for the return of normalcy.”可知，对巧克力的渴望象征着对战前舒适生活、对没有战争的正常生活的向往。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了第一次世界大战带来的一些令人惊讶的创新：德国最早使用的夏时制、血库在美国的出现、美国好莱坞大电影以及整形手术。
9．选A 根据上文中“but it was not until World War Ⅰ that governments around the globe officially adopted daylight saving time”可知，在一战时，全球各国政府才正式采用夏时制。一战时间为1914—1918年。再根据下文“the Allies followed shortly after”可知，协约国随后也采取了这一做法。A项符合语境。
10．选C 本段的小标题为Blood Banks且本段内容与输血相关，据此可将答案范围缩小到C项和G项。空后一句句意为：但医生们在一战前很少使用它们。结合句意可知，空处与空前存在转折关系，故C项“输血可追溯至17世纪”符合语境。
11．选B 本段主要叙述在欧洲电影业不得不缩减规模的情况下，战争为处于早期阶段的美国好莱坞电影提供了素材。据此可以推断出，战争给美国的电影打开了大门。分析选项可知，只有B项和G项与美国有关。而G项与血库有关，与本段无关。故B项符合题意。
12．选E 本段的小标题为Plastic Surgery。本段主要讲述了英国军医哈罗德·吉利斯和他的同事们进行了超过11 000次的手术，大部分是针对因枪击而面部受伤的士兵。结合常识可知，只有战争中留有疤痕和伤残的人才会做整形手术。故选E项。
13．选F F项“哈罗德·吉利斯作为‘整容手术之父’而闻名于世”与上文形成因果关系，符合语境。
