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Section Ⅰ “Understanding ideas”的课文习读环节
文意整体把握
Ⅰ.理清文脉结构
Ⅱ.把握主旨大意
What's the main idea of the text？( )
A．The wildlife is in danger.
B．Human can control nature one day.
C．We should learn from and protect nature.
D．We can get as many resources as possible from nature.
文意深度理解
(一)阅读理解
1．Why don't we feel the inspiration from nature？( )
A．Because it is around us.
B．Because we are not close to it.
C．Because we are accustomed to it.
D．Because we tend to ignore its importance.
2．Which of the following was designed to show the connection between nature and the modern city environment？( )
A．Beijing's Water Cube.
B．ArtScience Museum, Singapore.
C．The Eastgate Centre，Harare.
D．The Algae House，Hamburg.
3．Which is wrong about Singapore's ArtScience Museum？( )
A．It's decorated with lotus flowers patterns.
B．It seems to float above the waterfront promenade and the water that surrounds it.
C．Its roof collects rainwater which will be recycled through the plumbing system.
D．It shows the connection between nature and the city's surroundings.
4．What makes the Eastgate Centre use less energy？( )
A．Termites constructing their nests.
B．Mounds covered in little holes.
C．Traditional air conditioning systems.
D．Its surface covered in holes.
5．What's unique about the Algae House？( )
A．It can protect the environment.
B．It can produce its own renewable energy.
C．Its solar panels capture heat from the sun.
D．It provides shade for people.
(二)阅读表达
1．Which of the buildings mentioned in the passage impresses you most？Why？(The answer may vary.)
2．What can you learn from this passage
|阅|读|技|能|提|升|
本文的语篇类型为说明文，阅读此类文章时注意把握文中运用的说明方法。如本文主要采用了举例子的说明方法来说明人类从自然界中获得灵感进行建筑设计的情况：第三段中的新加坡艺术科学博物馆，旨在展示自然和现代城市环境之间的联系；第四段中的哈拉雷东门大厦主要利用仿生技术创造建筑结构；第五段中的汉堡藻屋可以产生可再生能源，减少对环境的危害。通过列举具体的实例对事物的特征、事理加以说明，可以使说明更有说服力。
(一)赏用词之妙
1．The design reduces the need for traditional air conditioning and heating systems, so the building uses less energy and costs less to run.
赏析：此处run为熟词生义，表示“运行”之意，灵活生动且准确到位地传达了作者的写作本意。此外run还有“拥有；管理；流淌”等词义。
2．The building therefore not only responds to its environment and uses less energy, but also reduces damage to the environment by generating its own renewable energy.
赏析：本句中运用一系列动词respond to，reduce，generate清晰具体地描述了该建筑对环境的益处。
A clear little stream __________________________________________.
一条清澈的小溪沿着狭窄的河道欢快地流淌着。
(二)赏句式之高
1．It is natural to think in this way, but of course it wasn't the umbrella that inspired the flower or the roof that inspired the pine cone.
赏析：此处用了否定形式的强调句it wasn't ...that ...，强调是大自然给予了人类灵感。
2．The insects built mounds covered in little holes designed to allow air to move freely in and out of the mounds.
赏析：本句中运用过去分词短语covered in little holes及designed to allow ...作定语分别修饰前面的mounds及holes，让描写更具体、详尽。
①________________________________________________________________________ make a man.
成就一个人的，不是助力而是阻力。
②The sunlit path，________________________， led us to a garden, where we found peace.
阳光照耀的小径两旁开满了花朵，引领我们来到一个花园，我们在那里找到了宁静。
(三)赏修辞之功
1．In a similar way, the Eastgate Centre has a “skin” covered in holes.
赏析：本句中skin一词使用了比喻的修辞手法，说明大厦像人一样可以进行“呼吸”，强调了其自我调节能力。
2．Nature has inspired many of the most fascinating designs around us, including those in architecture.
赏析：本句用了拟人的修辞手法，形象说明了大自然能够赋予人们灵感，影响人们的设计理念。
①The dress department was ______________________________________.
服装部是这家商店的“心脏”。
②When I spotted that a green tree ________________________， ________________________， a feather floated down by my side.
当我注意到一棵绿树伸展树枝，渴望开拓更多的空间时， 一片羽毛飘落在我的身旁。
在中国这片古老的土地上，苏州以其独特的园林艺术闻名于世，被誉为“园林之城”。这里，每一座园林都是一幅流动的山水画卷，每一处景致都蕴藏着深厚的文化底蕴。苏州古典园林的魅力首先体现在其精致的布局上，它们都以自然山水为蓝本，巧妙地将人工建筑与自然环境融为一体。园中的亭台楼阁、水榭石桥、假山流水，都经过精心设计和布局，形成了一种和谐统一的美感。阅读下面对苏州园林的简介，了解其将自然美与人工美完美相结合的建筑特点。
Suzhou, a city in east China's Jiangsu province, is famous for its delicate classical gardens. Built between the Northern Song Dynasty and the late Qing Dynasty, the classical gardens of Suzhou feature miniature rocks, hills and elegant pavilions set amidst murmuring waters. Their elegant aesthetics have been imitated by other gardens in China, including some of the imperial gardens. Nine of the best in Suzhou were listed as UNESCO World Cultural Heritage in 1997 and 2000 successively.
Nineteen of the 69 well-preserved gardens are open to the public. Featured among them are some which rival the Summer Palace in Beijing and Chengde Mountain Resort in Hebei province, such as the Humble Administrator's Garden and the Lingering Garden.
From the arrangement of rocks to the strategically located pavilions, every part of the classical gardens is meticulously designed. Following the concept of borrowing neighboring scenery to create a harmonious view, the gardens create beautiful scenes in limited spaces for visitors to appreciate from different vantage points.
Inspired by the poetic imagery of ancient Chinese landscape paintings, Suzhou's gardens were built in a similar way — refined, elegant, and free.
Ye Shengtao, a famous writer and educator and also a local resident, cites the gardens' beautiful architecture and their art of harmoniously joining human and natural elements in his The Classical Gardens of Suzhou.
Every year, especially during official holidays, they receive a steady stream of visitors from across the world.
滴水穿石
1．由文积词汇
miniature adj. 很小的；微型的
pavilion n. 亭，阁
amidst prep. 在……中
aesthetic n. 美感
imperial adj. 帝国的；皇帝的
rival vt. 与……相匹敌；比得上
strategically adv. 战略上
meticulously adv. 一丝不苟地
vantage n. 优势
cite vt. [熟词生义]赞扬
2．据文悟句式
文中画线句子的主句采用了表语置于句首引起的完全倒装结构，定语从句which rival ...修饰先行词some。
Section Ⅰ
NO.1 精阅读
文意整体把握
Ⅰ.①realising ②architectural ③capture ④mimicking ⑤challenge
Ⅱ.C
文意深度理解
(一)1～5 CBADB
(二)1.The Algae House.Because of making natural organisms part of the building, it is quite environment friendly by using less energy and reducing damage to the environment with its own renewable energy.
2．Nature inspired architectural designs are sustainable techniques in design.Methods like the use of solar panels，rain water harvesting systems，natural heating and cooling systems，garbage and sewage treatment systems provide necessary resources to the users of the structure and also reduce the impact on the environment on a larger scale.It also creates awareness within the users of their responsibility towards nature.
NO.2 美表达
(一)ran quite merrily along its narrow way
(二)①It is not help but obstacles that
②lined with blooming flowers
(三)①the heart of the store
②stretched out its branches; eager to explore more space(共57张PPT)
把握单元 素养目标
主题 意识 本单元的主题是 “向自然界学习”。通过了解人类从自然界获取灵感而创造的建筑设计、苏州留园、二十四节气、仿生学、五禽戏以及中国诗人陶渊明和美国诗人Henry David Thoreau 对自然的热爱等相关内容，深入思考人与自然的关系，树立向大自然学习和与环境和谐相处的观念。
语法 项目 复习非谓语动词作主语、宾语和表语的用法，并能在语篇中准确运用。
续表
语言 输入 听 听懂人类向大自然学习等相关话题，掌握主旨大意。
读 能够读懂与人类向大自然学习以及对自然的热爱有关的文章内容。
看 通过观看视频，初步了解人类应该向自然界的动物、植物学习。
语言 写 能够通过阅读文章或观察图片写一篇关于从自然界中获得的生活启示的文章。
输出 说 能够就与人与自然的关系相关的话题进行讨论，并能恰当使用所学词汇、句型进行阐述。
Section Ⅰ
“Understanding ideas”的课文习读环节
NO 1
精阅读/提升阅读“理解力”
NO 2
美表达/强化写作“基本功”
NO 3
慧人生/以文化人“增才情”
NO 4
课时跟踪检测
目 录
No.1 精阅读/提升阅读“理解力”
Ⅰ.理清文脉结构
文意整体把握
realising
architectural
capture
mimicking
challenge
Ⅱ.把握主旨大意
What's the main idea of the text
A．The wildlife is in danger.
B．Human can control nature one day.
C．We should learn from and protect nature.
D．We can get as many resources as possible from nature.
√
文意深度理解
(一)阅读理解
1．Why don't we feel the inspiration from nature
A．Because it is around us.
B．Because we are not close to it.
C．Because we are accustomed to it.
D．Because we tend to ignore its importance.
√
2．Which of the following was designed to show the connection between nature and the modern city environment
A．Beijing's Water Cube.
B．ArtScience Museum, Singapore.
C．The Eastgate Centre，Harare.
D．The Algae House，Hamburg.
√
3．Which is wrong about Singapore's ArtScience Museum
A．It's decorated with lotus flowers patterns.
B．It seems to float above the waterfront promenade and the water that surrounds it.
C．Its roof collects rainwater which will be recycled through the plumbing system.
D．It shows the connection between nature and the city's surroundings.
√
4．What makes the Eastgate Centre use less energy
A．Termites constructing their nests.
B．Mounds covered in little holes.
C．Traditional air conditioning systems.
D．Its surface covered in holes.
√
5．What's unique about the Algae House
A．It can protect the environment.
B．It can produce its own renewable energy.
C．Its solar panels capture heat from the sun.
D．It provides shade for people.
√
(二)阅读表达
1．Which of the buildings mentioned in the passage impresses you most？Why？(The answer may vary.)
The Algae House.Because of making natural organisms part of the building, it is quite environment-friendly by using less energy and reducing damage to the environment with its own renewable energy.
2．What can you learn from this passage
Nature-inspired architectural designs are sustainable techniques in design.Methods like the use of solar panels，rain-water harvesting systems，natural heating and cooling systems，garbage and sewage treatment systems provide necessary resources to the users of the structure and also reduce the impact on the environment on a larger scale.It also creates awareness within the users of their responsibility towards nature.
本文的语篇类型为说明文，阅读此类文章时注意把握文中运用的说明方法。如本文主要采用了举例子的说明方法来说明人类从自然界中获得灵感进行建筑设计的情况：第三段中的新加坡艺术科学博物馆，旨在展示自然和现代城市环境之间的联系；第四段中的哈拉雷东门大厦主要利用仿生技术创造建筑结构；第五段中的汉堡藻屋可以产生可再生能源，减少对环境的危害。通过列举具体的实例对事物的特征、事理加以说明，可以使说明更有说服力。
阅读技能提升
No.2 美表达/强化写作“基本功”
(一)赏用词之妙
1．The design reduces the need for traditional air conditioning and heating systems, so the building uses less energy and costs less to run.
赏析：此处run为熟词生义，表示“运行”之意，灵活生动且准确到位地传达了作者的写作本意。此外run还有“拥有；管理；流淌”等词义。
2．The building therefore not only responds to its environment and uses less energy, but also reduces damage to the environment by generating its own renewable energy.
赏析：本句中运用一系列动词respond to，reduce，generate清晰具体地描述了该建筑对环境的益处。
A clear little stream____________________________________.
一条清澈的小溪沿着狭窄的河道欢快地流淌着。
仿写训练/完成句子
ran quite merrily along its narrow way
(二)赏句式之高
1．It is natural to think in this way, but of course it wasn't the umbrella that inspired the flower or the roof that inspired the pine cone.
赏析：此处用了否定形式的强调句it wasn't ...that ...，强调是大自然给予了人类灵感。
2．The insects built mounds covered in little holes designed to allow air to move freely in and out of the mounds.
赏析：本句中运用过去分词短语covered in little holes及designed to allow ...作定语分别修饰前面的mounds及holes，让描写更具体、详尽。
①_____________________________ make a man.
成就一个人的，不是助力而是阻力。
②The sunlit path，_________________________, led us to a garden, where we found peace.
阳光照耀的小径两旁开满了花朵，引领我们来到一个花园，我们在那里找到了宁静。
仿写训练/完成句子
It is not help but obstacles that
lined with blooming flowers
(三)赏修辞之功
1．In a similar way, the Eastgate Centre has a “skin” covered in holes.
赏析：本句中skin一词使用了比喻的修辞手法，说明大厦像人一样可以进行“呼吸”，强调了其自我调节能力。
2．Nature has inspired many of the most fascinating designs around us, including those in architecture.
赏析：本句用了拟人的修辞手法，形象说明了大自然能够赋予人们灵感，影响人们的设计理念。
①The dress department was______________________ .
服装部是这家商店的“心脏”。
②When I spotted that a green tree_______________________,
________________________, a feather floated down by my side.
当我注意到一棵绿树伸展树枝，渴望开拓更多的空间时， 一片羽毛飘落在我的身旁。
the heart of the store
stretched out its branches
eager to explore more space
仿写训练/完成句子
No.3 慧人生/以文化人“增才情”
在中国这片古老的土地上，苏州以其独特的园林艺术闻名于世，被誉为“园林之城”。这里，每一座园林都是一幅流动的山水画卷，每一处景致都蕴藏着深厚的文化底蕴。苏州古典园林的魅力首先体现在其精致的布局上，它们都以自然山水为蓝本，巧妙地将人工建筑与自然环境融为一体。园中的亭台楼阁、水榭石桥、假山流水，都经过精心设计和布局，形成了一种和谐统一的美感。阅读下面对苏州园林的简介，了解其将自然美与人工美完美相结合的建筑特点。
Suzhou, a city in east China's Jiangsu province, is famous for its delicate classical gardens. Built between the Northern Song Dynasty and the late Qing Dynasty, the classical gardens of Suzhou feature miniature rocks, hills and elegant pavilions set amidst murmuring waters. Their elegant aesthetics have been imitated by other gardens in China, including some of the imperial gardens. Nine of the best in Suzhou were listed as UNESCO World Cultural Heritage in 1997 and 2000 successively.
Nineteen of the 69 well-preserved gardens are open to the public. Featured among them are some which rival the Summer Palace in Beijing and Chengde Mountain Resort in Hebei province, such as the Humble Administrator's Garden and the Lingering Garden.
From the arrangement of rocks to the strategically located pavilions, every part of the classical gardens is meticulously designed. Following the concept of borrowing neighboring scenery to create a harmonious view, the gardens create beautiful scenes in limited spaces for visitors to appreciate from different vantage points.
Inspired by the poetic imagery of ancient Chinese landscape paintings, Suzhou's gardens were built in a similar way — refined, elegant, and free.
Ye Shengtao, a famous writer and educator and also a local resident, cites the gardens' beautiful architecture and their art of harmoniously joining human and natural elements in his The Classical Gardens of Suzhou.
Every year, especially during official holidays, they receive a steady stream of visitors from across the world.
1．由文积词汇
miniature adj. 很小的；微型的
pavilion n. 亭，阁
amidst prep. 在……中
aesthetic n. 美感
imperial adj. 帝国的；皇帝的
滴水穿石
rival vt. 与……相匹敌；比得上
strategically adv. 战略上
meticulously adv. 一丝不苟地
vantage n. 优势
cite vt. [熟词生义]赞扬
2．据文悟句式
文中画线句子的主句采用了表语置于句首引起的完全倒装结构，定语从句which rival ...修饰先行词some。
No.4 课时跟踪检测
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Earl Forlales, a graduate in Materials Science and Engineering, took inspiration from the bamboo hut his grandparents lived in outside Manila and created a house made of bamboo that can be put together in four hours to solve the chronic (长期的) shortage of affordable accommodation in the Philippines.His design won a ￡50,000 top prize from the Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) in its Cities for our Future competition.
His house, known as Cubo, could be constructed in four hours and costs ￡60 per square meter.Its use of bamboo — which releases 35% more oxygen into the environment than trees — was praised by the judges.The ability of the houses to be constructed in any bamboo-producing area was one of the key attractions.
“The world's cities are growing all the time and there is a real need to make sure they are safe, clean and comfortable places to live in，” John Hughes, the competition's head judge and then president at RICS, said.“As we look at our competitors, who are our next generation of leaders, I believe that real progress will be made in tackling the world's biggest issues.”
Forlales has already identified a suitable area of land to start building his Cubo houses.He plans to begin the work next year with experts from the RICS in an attempt to help relieve the huge pressure on housing in Manila, where a third of the 12 million population live in poor districts.He said, “I would like to thank RICS for the opportunity, and look forward to working with them to put this money to good use in Manila and then hopefully elsewhere around the world.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是Earl Forlales从祖父母住的马尼拉郊外的竹屋中获得灵感，用竹子建造房子。
1．What contributes most to Forlales' winning the prize
A．The material of his house. B．The shape of his house.
C．The design of his house. D．The expense of his house.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容和第二段中的“Its use of bamboo ...was praised by the judges.”可知，他建造房子的材料是获奖的最大原因。
√
2．Which word can best replace the underlined word “tackling” in paragraph 3
A．Facing. B．Treating.
C．Covering. D．Handling.
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“the world's biggest issues”可知，此处指“处理世界上最大的问题”。所以画线词的意思是“处理，解决”。
√
3．What can we infer about the Cubo house
A．It is created by Forlales and his parents.
B．It is environmentally friendly and economical.
C．It has already been built in Forlales' hometown.
D．It can't be constructed in a week.
√
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“His house, known as Cubo ...was praised by the judges.”可知，他的房子4小时就能搭建好，每平方米的成本为60英镑。 它使用竹子，比树木多释放35%的氧气到环境中。由此可知，Cubo房屋既环保又经济。
4．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the passage
A．A Competition in House Building
B．A Man Devoted to City Development
C．The Bamboo House Winning a Top Prize
D．The Way to Solve Housing Shortage
解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其第一段可知，这篇文章讲述的是由竹子建造的房子Cubo获得了5万英镑的最高奖金。
√
B
Tiny sensors inspired by dandelion(蒲公英) seeds could be spread to the winds to help track of climate change and global warming.
As the climate crisis continues to strengthen，tracking changes in temperature and other environmental signals across a wide area is useful.But doing effectively requires distributing sensors throughout the environment，which can be time-consuming.
“We wondered whether it's possible to build a system that can spread sensors in the wind，rather than having a person go out and place sensors alone，which can be dangerous in hard-to-reach places，”says Vikram Iyer at the University of Washington in Seattle.
Iyer and his colleagues used a laser-powered tool to make devices.Each one weighs 30 milligrams with a diameter of 28 millimeters, and has a number of small holes through which they can float in the air like dandelion seeds.
The devices carry tiny sensors，essentially a microcomputer powered by small solar panels that can send back signals to the researchers，who developed different types that can measure temperature，pressure，light and so on.A small capacitor (电容器) can store energy overnight or in cloudy conditions.
In all，the team tested 75 different designs before finding the right mix of variables.The final design can move through the air at 0.87 metres per second，travelling up to 100 metres in a mild wind when released from a drone(无人机)．Real-world tests showed that the sensors can transfer data up to 60 metres.
“The production of the ‘seeds’ is especially interesting，so is the design of the electronic devices，” says Jonathan Aitken at the University of Sheffield, the UK.“Both seem to be very strong to the natural environment.”
Aitken is also impressed by the range of the sensors' communication abilities.“Plus the cheapness of the device, it means that it can be placed in large numbers，and the communication range makes this an excellent choice，especially within agriculture or disaster area monitoring，” he says.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家受到蒲公英种子的启发研制出有助于监测气候变化及其他环境数据的微型传感器。
5．What can we learn about the sensors like dandelion seeds
A．They are quite expensive to make.
B．They are efficient in space and time.
C．They can be carried by dandelion seeds.
D．They can change the temperature.
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第三段最后两句可知，这种传感器移动速度快，数据传输范围远，因此从时间和空间指标来看效率很高。另外从第二段第二句和第三段也可得到提示。
√
6．What provides the energy for microcomputer on the sensors
A．The sun. B.Strong wind.
C．A small capacitor. D.A drone.
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The devices carry tiny sensors，essentially a microcomputer powered by small solar panels”可知，传感器上的微型计算机是由小型太阳能电池板供能的，即其能量来自太阳。
√
7．What can be inferred from paragraph 6
A．The seed-like sensors can rise up from the ground without any help.
B．The seed-like sensors can only travel in a mild wind.
C．The scientists have tried many other designs before the seed-like sensors.
D．The seed-like sensors travel much slower than its common competitors.
√
解析：推理判断题。根据第六段第一句可知，研究人员在制作出像蒲公英种子一样的传感器之前试验了许多不同的设计。
8．What does Aitken think of the sensors
A．Costly. B.Risky.
C．Complicated. D.Promising.
解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段第二句可知，Aitken陈述了该设备的众多优点，即他认为它是有前景的。
√
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Nature has a lot to offer. 9 .Here are some valuable life lessons.
·Respect our roots.With time, a young tree grows into a full-grown one — something that was so tiny and delicate develops into a strong tree capable of supporting others.However tall it grows, its roots are firmly buried where it once took root. 10 ， and give something back to those humble beginnings that made us develop into who we are.
·Develop our creativity.Have you ever noticed various types of different plants' leaves, those brightly colored flowers, and unique patterns on animals？With so much beauty around, who could refuse to admit that nature is the most creative artist out there？ 11 .Be inspired and create something that will in turn inspire others.
·Learn to coexist peacefully.Nature provides every creature a chance to exist, however big or small it may be. 12 .The tiger eats the antelope; without the antelope，the tiger wouldn't survive.Likewise, without tigers, the overpopulation of antelopes would cause them to starve to death.
· 13 .For example, the icy cold snow melts in the warmth of spring to give birth to fresh green leaves, and these leaves turn into shades of gold in the autumn but are once again buried in the cold winter.Change is unavoidable.It is important that we enjoy what we have to the fullest because who knows how long it will last.Meanwhile, we shouldn't get attached to things that may lead to heartbreak and sorrow.
What we can learn from nature is limitless.So learn to respect her and include her wisdom in our life.
A．Change is constant
B．We should not forget but respect our origins
C．She inspires creatures to challenge themselves
D．Trying to maintain the balance of nature is essential
E．She teaches us values that may lead to a full and happy life
F．Take a minute to admire this beautiful artist's creation around you
G．But the existence of one creature depends on the existence of the other
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。大自然给我们提供了很多东西，并且能教会我们很多道理。本文列举了一些我们能从大自然中学到的道理。
9．选E 根据空前的“Nature has a lot to offer”以及空后的“Here are some valuable life lessons”可知，E项符合语境，起承上启下的作用。
10．选B 根据空后的“and give something back ...who we are”，并结合本段主旨句“Respect our roots”可推知，B项符合语境。B项中的origins呼应上文中的roots。
11．选F 结合各选项可知，F项承上启下，符合语境。选项F中的“this beautiful artist's creation”照应上文中的“nature is the most creative artist”。
12．选G 根据本段空后内容可知，生物间是相互依存的。故G项“但一种生物的存在依靠另一种生物的存在”符合语境。
13．选A 空处是本段的主旨句。结合本段内容可知，本段主要说明改变是不可避免且持续不断的，由此可知A项符合语境。1 / 5
UNIT 5 课时检测(一) “Understanding ideas”的课文习读环节
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Earl Forlales, a graduate in Materials Science and Engineering, took inspiration from the bamboo hut his grandparents lived in outside Manila and created a house made of bamboo that can be put together in four hours to solve the chronic (长期的) shortage of affordable accommodation in the Philippines.His design won a ￡50,000 top prize from the Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) in its Cities for our Future competition.
His house, known as Cubo, could be constructed in four hours and costs ￡60 per square meter.Its use of bamboo — which releases 35% more oxygen into the environment than trees — was praised by the judges.The ability of the houses to be constructed in any bamboo producing area was one of the key attractions.
“The world's cities are growing all the time and there is a real need to make sure they are safe, clean and comfortable places to live in，” John Hughes, the competition's head judge and then president at RICS, said.“As we look at our competitors, who are our next generation of leaders, I believe that real progress will be made in tackling the world's biggest issues.”
Forlales has already identified a suitable area of land to start building his Cubo houses.He plans to begin the work next year with experts from the RICS in an attempt to help relieve the huge pressure on housing in Manila, where a third of the 12 million population live in poor districts.He said, “I would like to thank RICS for the opportunity, and look forward to working with them to put this money to good use in Manila and then hopefully elsewhere around the world.”
1．What contributes most to Forlales' winning the prize
A．The material of his house.
B．The shape of his house.
C．The design of his house.
D．The expense of his house.
2．Which word can best replace the underlined word “tackling” in paragraph 3
A．Facing. B．Treating.
C．Covering. D．Handling.
3．What can we infer about the Cubo house
A．It is created by Forlales and his parents.
B．It is environmentally friendly and economical.
C．It has already been built in Forlales' hometown.
D．It can't be constructed in a week.
4．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the passage
A．A Competition in House Building
B．A Man Devoted to City Development
C．The Bamboo House Winning a Top Prize
D．The Way to Solve Housing Shortage
B
Tiny sensors inspired by dandelion (蒲公英) seeds could be spread to the winds to help track of climate change and global warming.
As the climate crisis continues to strengthen，tracking changes in temperature and other environmental signals across a wide area is useful.But doing effectively requires distributing sensors throughout the environment，which can be time consuming.
“We wondered whether it's possible to build a system that can spread sensors in the wind，rather than having a person go out and place sensors alone，which can be dangerous in hard to reach places，”says Vikram Iyer at the University of Washington in Seattle.
Iyer and his colleagues used a laser powered tool to make devices.Each one weighs 30 milligrams with a diameter of 28 millimeters, and has a number of small holes through which they can float in the air like dandelion seeds.
The devices carry tiny sensors，essentially a microcomputer powered by small solar panels that can send back signals to the researchers，who developed different types that can measure temperature，pressure，light and so on.A small capacitor (电容器) can store energy overnight or in cloudy conditions.
In all，the team tested 75 different designs before finding the right mix of variables.The final design can move through the air at 0.87 metres per second，travelling up to 100 metres in a mild wind when released from a drone (无人机)．Real world tests showed that the sensors can transfer data up to 60 metres.
“The production of the ‘seeds’ is especially interesting，so is the design of the electronic devices，” says Jonathan Aitken at the University of Sheffield, the UK.“Both seem to be very strong to the natural environment.”
Aitken is also impressed by the range of the sensors' communication abilities.“Plus the cheapness of the device, it means that it can be placed in large numbers，and the communication range makes this an excellent choice，especially within agriculture or disaster area monitoring，” he says.
5．What can we learn about the sensors like dandelion seeds
A．They are quite expensive to make.
B．They are efficient in space and time.
C．They can be carried by dandelion seeds.
D．They can change the temperature.
6．What provides the energy for microcomputer on the sensors
A．The sun. B．Strong wind.
C．A small capacitor. D．A drone.
7．What can be inferred from paragraph 6
A．The seed like sensors can rise up from the ground without any help.
B．The seed like sensors can only travel in a mild wind.
C．The scientists have tried many other designs before the seed like sensors.
D．The seed like sensors travel much slower than its common competitors.
8．What does Aitken think of the sensors
A．Costly. B．Risky.
C．Complicated. D．Promising.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Nature has a lot to offer.__9__.Here are some valuable life lessons.
·Respect our roots.With time, a young tree grows into a full grown one — something that was so tiny and delicate develops into a strong tree capable of supporting others.However tall it grows, its roots are firmly buried where it once took root.__10__， and give something back to those humble beginnings that made us develop into who we are.
·Develop our creativity.Have you ever noticed various types of different plants' leaves, those brightly colored flowers, and unique patterns on animals？With so much beauty around, who could refuse to admit that nature is the most creative artist out there？__11__.Be inspired and create something that will in turn inspire others.
·Learn to coexist peacefully.Nature provides every creature a chance to exist, however big or small it may be.__12__.The tiger eats the antelope; without the antelope，the tiger wouldn't survive.Likewise, without tigers, the overpopulation of antelopes would cause them to starve to death.
·__13__.For example, the icy cold snow melts in the warmth of spring to give birth to fresh green leaves, and these leaves turn into shades of gold in the autumn but are once again buried in the cold winter.Change is unavoidable.It is important that we enjoy what we have to the fullest because who knows how long it will last.Meanwhile, we shouldn't get attached to things that may lead to heartbreak and sorrow.
What we can learn from nature is limitless.So learn to respect her and include her wisdom in our life.
A．Change is constant
B．We should not forget but respect our origins
C．She inspires creatures to challenge themselves
D．Trying to maintain the balance of nature is essential
E．She teaches us values that may lead to a full and happy life
F．Take a minute to admire this beautiful artist's creation around you
G．But the existence of one creature depends on the existence of the other
UNIT 5 课时检测(一)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
[A]
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是Earl Forlales从祖父母住的马尼拉郊外的竹屋中获得灵感，用竹子建造房子。
1．选A 细节理解题。根据第一段内容和第二段中的“Its use of bamboo ...was praised by the judges.”可知，他建造房子的材料是获奖的最大原因。
2．选D 词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“the world's biggest issues”可知，此处指“处理世界上最大的问题”。所以画线词的意思是“处理，解决”。
3．选B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“His house, known as Cubo ...was praised by the judges.”可知，他的房子4小时就能搭建好，每平方米的成本为60英镑。 它使用竹子，比树木多释放35%的氧气到环境中。由此可知，Cubo房屋既环保又经济。
4．选C 标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其第一段可知，这篇文章讲述的是由竹子建造的房子Cubo获得了5万英镑的最高奖金。
[B]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家受到蒲公英种子的启发研制出有助于监测气候变化及其他环境数据的微型传感器。
5．选B 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段最后两句可知，这种传感器移动速度快，数据传输范围远，因此从时间和空间指标来看效率很高。另外从第二段第二句和第三段也可得到提示。
6．选A 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The devices carry tiny sensors，essentially a microcomputer powered by small solar panels”可知，传感器上的微型计算机是由小型太阳能电池板供能的，即其能量来自太阳。
7．选C 推理判断题。根据第六段第一句可知，研究人员在制作出像蒲公英种子一样的传感器之前试验了许多不同的设计。
8．选D 观点态度题。根据最后一段第二句可知，Aitken陈述了该设备的众多优点，即他认为它是有前景的。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。大自然给我们提供了很多东西，并且能教会我们很多道理。本文列举了一些我们能从大自然中学到的道理。
9．选E 根据空前的“Nature has a lot to offer”以及空后的“Here are some valuable life lessons”可知，E项符合语境，起承上启下的作用。
10．选B 根据空后的“and give something back ...who we are”，并结合本段主旨句“Respect our roots”可推知，B项符合语境。B项中的origins呼应上文中的roots。
11．选F 结合各选项可知，F项承上启下，符合语境。选项F中的“this beautiful artist's creation”照应上文中的“nature is the most creative artist”。
12．选G 根据本段空后内容可知，生物间是相互依存的。故G项“但一种生物的存在依靠另一种生物的存在”符合语境。
13．选A 空处是本段的主旨句。结合本段内容可知，本段主要说明改变是不可避免且持续不断的，由此可知A项符合语境。
