Section Ⅲ Using language
语法项目——过去分词作定语
语境中体悟
I still remember the wonderful time spent① on the farm with my students in 2022.The farm surrounded② by the mountain was beautiful.We helped the farmers harvest corn and ate food grown③ by the farmers.The freshly picked④ fruit tasted delicious.When we walked in the woods with fallen⑤ leaves on the ground, we felt comfortable. Besides, at night, some entertainment programs performed⑥ by the local people were attractive to us.
[语法入门]
文中黑体部为过去分词，在句中都作定语，①②③④⑥与其所修饰的名词之间为被动关系。⑤仅表示动作的完成，不表示被动。其中④⑤处为前置定语，①②③⑥处作后置定语。
学案中理清
一、过去分词作定语
[先感知]
①(教材典句)Many inspired people gave him their support.
②(教材典句)In Uganda, Ryan at last saw the finished well with his own eyes.
③(教材典句)What they needed was a well dug near their homes.
④Ryan is a young man admired by a lot of people.
[会发现]
上述各句中的黑体部分为过去分词在句中作定语，与所修饰的词之间为被动关系。其中，句①②为单个过去分词，放在了被修饰词的____________；而句③④中使用的是过去分词短语，放在了被修饰词的____________。
[明规则]
1．及物动词的过去分词作定语，在语态上表示被动；在时间上，常表示动作已经发生或完成。
2．不及物动词的过去分词作定语，不表示被动意义，只强调动作已完成。
3．一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，通常放在所修饰词之前。
①有些过去分词表示特定含义时，单独作定语也放在所修饰的名词之后，如left(剩余的), given(所给的), concerned (有关的)等。
②如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no与thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等，单个过去分词放在被修饰词的后面。
4．过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语，通常放在所修饰词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。
[对点练]
(1)单句语法填空
①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including __________ (reduce) concentration, an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content.
②(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)But equally important is the mental aspect.Reading researchers have proposed a theory ________________ (call) “shallowing hypothesis (假说)．”
③(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷) If you want to be published, it's vital to submit a perfect, professionally ____________ (present) manuscript (原稿)．
④(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷) For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language __________ (publish) in 1755.
⑤(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Yes, we all have our phones, but many of us still like to go old school and read something ________________ (print)．
⑥(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Shanghai may be the ______________ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings, but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as xiao long bao's birthplace.
(2)句型转换
⑦The student dressed in white is my daughter.
→The student ______________ in white is my daughter.
⑧This is one of the finest novels published last year.
→This is one of the finest novels ________________________ last year.
二、现在分词、过去分词作定语的区别
[先感知]
①They built a highway leading into the mountains.
②Even though it is still in summer, there are many fallen leaves on the ground.
③The survey shows that the children often overlooked by their parents are more likely to long for family warmth.
[会发现]
句①中为现在分词短语作后置定语，分词短语leading into ...与其所修饰的名词highway之间为________关系；
句②为不及物动词的过去分词作定语，表示动作已完成；
句③中过去分词短语overlooked by ...与其所修饰的名词the children之间为________关系，且表示动作已发生。
[明规则]
1．现在分词作定语表示主动或正在进行，而过去分词作定语表示被动或已完成。
2．有些动词的现在分词和过去分词作定语，不表示进行、被动或完成的意义，而是形容词化了。现在分词通常表示“令人感到……的”；过去分词则一般表示“感到……的”。例如：
①He brought the surprising news.
②She looked at him with a surprised expression on her face.
[对点练] (用所给词的适当形式填空)
①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)This beautiful structure, __________ (name) Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times.
②(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Though overtourism is described as a problem __________ (affect)the entire world, it's actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots.
③The English __________ (speak) by the man is hard to understand.
④Most of the artists __________ (invite) to the party were from South Africa.
⑤The __________ (frighten) boy was found lying on the __________ (fall) branches, crying.
应用中融通
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time __________ (spend) with his students.
2．To return to the problem of water pollution, I'd like you to look at a study __________ (conduct) in Australia.
3．The adobe dwellings (土坯房) __________ (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern architects and engineers.
4．The cars ___________ (sell) at the market now are made in Guangzhou.
5．Tsinghua University, __________ (found) in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
6．People today tend to choose vegetables ______________ (grow) without chemicals.
7．Nowadays there are a lot of man-made satellites __________ (fly) in space.
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
Lao Wang is a ①__________ (retire) man of 60 years old.In his spare time, he likes helping the ②__________ (disable) people in his neighbourhood. One time, a blind man ③__________ (live) next to his door was carrying a heavy box ④__________ (deliver) from his daughter upstairs when Lao Wang came back.Without any doubt, Lao Wang gave him a ⑤____________ (help) hand. The blind man thanked him very much and sent Lao Wang a novel ⑥____________________ (write) by his daughter.What good neighbours they are!
教材听力“再利用”
一、由听力厚积语料库
1．_______________ 做一些志愿工作
2．_______________ 思考
3．_______________ 一对一地
4．build a relationship with sb. ______________
5．make sure ______________
6．help out ______________
二、教材录音材料的发掘训练
1．What is the main idea of this conversation？( )
A．How to ride a bike.
B．How to apply for a job.
C．How to become a volunteer.
2．What is Sarah's hobby？( )
A．Teaching children.
B．Riding horses.
C．Playing basketball.
3．What is the most important thing for being with disabled children？( )
A．Make sure of their safety.
B．Help them build confidence.
C．Let them have fun and enjoy sports.
三、依据教材听力完成句子
1．Could you tell me ________________？
2．____________________ how their confidence increases over time.
3．________________________ Mrs Marshall, she'll want to know if you have previous experience as a volunteer.
4．And then, of course, you should think about ____________________________________.
四、听说交际训练
根据提示，完成下面关于做志愿者的对话。
M：Mary, what about going to see a film this afternoon
W：I'd like to, but I can't make it.I'm involved in an activity.We will go to the children's welfare home.
M：Oh, what do you usually do there
W：We usually ①________________________ (做一些志愿工作): accompany the kids and give them some presents.
M：Do you have enough time to talk to them
W：Yes, ②______________________ (我们有兴趣和他们交谈)．Besides, we ③______________________________ (喜欢给他们读故事) and help them do some artworks and crafts.④__________________ (这是惊人的) to see how their abilities improve over time.
M：Do you usually go to their dormitory
W：Yes, we help them clean their rooms ⑤___________________ (来确保它们干净)．
M：Oh, you are great.By the way, how often do you go there
W：We usually go there once a month and during the holidays twice a month.
M：You are really making a difference to the kids.
听力素养“漫养成”
|掌握规律技法|
学会把握主旨大意
听力中的主旨大意题要求学生对听到的内容有整体的了解和全面的领会，把握对话双方或独白者究竟表达了什么。一般情况下，一段对话或独白都是围绕一个主题展开的，有时候主旨大意较明显，有时则需要归纳和概括。
一、常见的解题策略
1．抓住材料的前两句话特别重要，因为前两句话往往是主题句，即使不是主题句，也对理解整个对话或独白有重要的意义。
2．学会抓关键词，对语段进行整体理解，而不应纠结于某些小细节，避免以偏概全。
二、常见的提问方式
1．What are the speakers mainly discussing
2．What are the speakers talking about
3．What are the two speakers doing
4．What is the dialogue/conversation about
[典例]
What are the speakers talking about
A．A way to improve air quality.
B．A problem with traffic jams.
C．A suggestion for city planning.
[听力原文]
M：Air pollution is so bad in this city. I think the government should stop people from driving cars on certain days.
W：You have a point. Air pollution is a problem, but not letting people drive on certain days is a bad idea. People have to go to work by car.
M：I'm afraid I don't agree with you there. Reducing air pollution is really important. People are so used to driving that they don't think about ways to do things. If we stop them from driving on certain days, maybe they could think of new ways to get around.
W：I see your point, but I still think it wouldn't be possible to stop people from driving.
[分析] 该段对话是围绕一个话题“Air pollution is so bad in this city.I think the government should stop people from driving cars on certain days.”展开的。故选A。
|多积主题表达|
1．intelligent adj. 聪明的
2．generous adj. 慷慨的，宽厚的
3．play a leading role in 在……中起着主导作用
4．achieve one's dream 实现某人的梦想
5．serve as 担任，充当
6．be highly thought of 被高度评价
7．be devoted to 致力于
8．in the field of 在……领域
9．face the challenge 面对挑战
10．Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.
自从他上了高中，他学习一直很用功。
11．Coming from a family of English teachers, she always had a particular interest in English.
来自英语教师家庭的她总是对英语有着特别的兴趣。
12．Mrs Brown is an Australian teacher with fair hair and blue eyes, who has been to many places of China.
布朗夫人是一位来自澳大利亚的老师，她有一头淡色的头发和一双蓝色的眼睛，她去过中国的很多地方。
13．Born in a small town in 1812, Charles Dickens was able to attend school for only two years owing to his poor family.
查尔斯·狄更斯于1812年出生在一个小镇，由于家里穷，只上了两年的学。
14．She devoted herself to scientific research and made great contributions to her country.
她为科研献出了一切，对她的国家做出了巨大贡献。
1．Since 1953, UNICEF has taken up an extended mission to help children in the developing world, including those living with diseases or disabilities, and those affected by rapid modernisation and environmental problems.
自1953年以来，联合国儿童基金会承担了一项长期使命，帮助发展中国家的儿童，包括那些患有疾病或残疾的儿童，以及那些受到快速现代化和环境问题影响的儿童。
★disability n．残疾，残障
|用|法|感|知|
According to my understanding, the picture is describing a person with a physical disability.
根据我的理解，这幅画描绘的是一个有身体残疾的人。
(“人物描写”佳句)She had been disabled at a young age, but was now an inspiration to their town.
她很小的时候就残疾了，但现在却成了他们镇上的一个鼓舞人心的人物。
(“心理描写”佳句)The weak signal disabled cell phones, which made me upset.
微弱的信号使手机无法使用，这使我心烦意乱。
[归纳点拨]
(1)ability n． 能力；才能，本领
people with disabilities＝the disabled 残疾人
(2)able adj. 能，会；有能力的
unable adj. 不能的，不会的
disable v. 使丧失能力，使伤残
disabled adj. 有残疾的，有缺陷的
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空)
①It was a non-profit organization aimed at helping people with __________ (disability) come back to normal life through physical training.
②The __________ (able) to express an idea is as important as the idea itself.
③When you first meet a __________ (disable) person, what is your first reaction
2．He's sensitive and rather serious, which sometimes makes him appear to be a little bookish.他敏感而且相当严肃，这有时使他显得有点书呆子气。
★sensitive adj.敏感的，容易生气的
|用|法|感|知|
(“人物描写”佳句)Sensitive and shy, he was afraid to communicate with others.
他敏感且害羞，不敢和别人交流。
Seeing their task finished gives them a sense of satisfaction.看到任务完成了，他们感到很满意。
There is no sense in waiting here without knowing when he will come back.
不知道他什么时候回来，在这儿等没有意义。
[归纳点拨]
(1)be sensitive to ... 对……敏感
(2)sense n. 感觉，意识
a sense of ... ……感
there is no sense in doing sth. 做某事无意义
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①He is equipped with a deep sense __________ justice and responsibility.
②Once you are on the ground of a different country, remain highly __________ (sense) to native behavior.
(2)替换加黑词汇
③There's no point/use in getting upset about it now.__________
3．She's usually very shy, but she's generous and never hesitates to help.
她通常很害羞，但她很慷慨，帮助别人从不犹豫。
★generous adj.慷慨的，大方的
|用|法|感|知|
(“人物描写”佳句)More importantly, warm-hearted and helpful, Kevin was always generous to give someone a hand.
更重要的是，凯文总是热心助人，乐于助人。
(“演讲”类写作佳句)We should be kind to others, warm-hearted to everyone, and generous to our friends.
我们应该善待他人，对别人要热心，对朋友要慷慨。
I shall never forget the generosity shown by local people.
我永远也不会忘记当地人的慷慨大方。
[归纳点拨]
(1)be generous with sth. 对某物或某事慷慨/大方
be generous to sb. 对某人慷慨/大方
It's generous of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事真是慷慨
(2)generosity n. 慷慨，大方
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空)
①I appreciate your __________ (generous) in this matter.
②Though he didn't have much to give, he was generous __________ his money.
③Although he was poor, he was quite generous __________ his needy friends.
★hesitate v．迟疑，犹豫
|用|法|感|知|
Never hesitate to turn to the teachers for advice if you meet with some problems in study.
如果你在学习中遇到一些问题，要毫不犹豫地向老师寻求建议。
(“动作描写”佳句)Henry took off his clothes immediately and jumped into the water without any hesitation to rescue the little boy.
亨利立刻脱下衣服，毫不犹豫地跳入水中，去救那个小男孩。
[归纳点拨]
(1)hesitate to do sth. 做某事迟疑/犹豫
hesitate about sth. 对某事犹豫不决
(2)hesitation n. 迟疑，犹豫
without (any) hesitation 毫不犹豫地
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①He hesitated __________ whether to drive or take the train.
②He accepted the invitation __________ hesitation.
③________________ if you have any queries.
如果有疑问，就请尽管和我联系。
4．In China, volunteers are also playing an increasingly important role in environmental protection, disability assistance and many other fields.在中国，志愿者在环境保护、残疾人救助及许多其他领域也正发挥着越来越重要的作用。
★assistance n．帮助，援助
|用|法|感|知|
(“人物描述”佳句)He is always ready to provide assistance to others.
他总是乐于帮助他人。
I love doing housework. I always assist my parents in doing the dishes after meals.
我喜欢做家务。我总是在饭后帮父母洗餐具。
[归纳点拨]
(1)with the assistance of ... 在……的帮助下
be of assistance 有帮助，有用处
(2)assist v. 帮助，援助
assist sb.with sth. 帮助某人某事
assist sb.to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
assist sb.in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事
(3)assistant adj. 助理的，副的
n. 助理，助手
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①She often assists me __________ my English, which helps me improve my English greatly.
②Willing to be a teaching __________ (assist) in your training center this summer, I'm writing to apply for the position.
(2)替换加黑词汇
③If you can take on this case, it'll be greatly helpful to me.______________________
④I am most grateful to my husband, who assisted me in preparing this book.______________________
⑤The translations were carried out with the help of a medical dictionary.__________
Section Ⅲ
语法专题突破
学案中理清
一、[会发现] 前面 后面
[对点练] ①reduced ②called ③presented ④published ⑤printed ⑥recognized ⑦who is dressed
⑧that were published
二、[会发现] 主动 被动
[对点练] ①named ②affecting ③spoken ④invited
⑤frightened; fallen
应用中融通
Ⅰ.1.spent 2.conducted 3.built 4.being sold 5.founded 6.grown 7.flying
Ⅱ.①retired ②disabled ③living ④delivered ⑤helping ⑥written
听力发掘训练
一、1.do some sort of voluntary work 2.think about
3．one on one 4.与某人建立关系 5.确保 6.帮忙解决困难
二、1～3 CBC
三、1.how to become a volunteer 2.It's amazing to see
3．Once you've contacted
4．how often you would like to help out
四、①do some voluntary work
②we are interested in talking to them
③enjoy reading stories to them ④It's amazing
⑤to make sure that they are clean
新知深化学习
1．①disabilities ②ability ③disabled
2．①of ②sensitive ③sense
3．★①generosity ②with ③to
★①about ②without ③Please do not hesitate to contact me
4．①with ②assistant ③of great assistance
④assisted me to prepare ⑤assistance(共108张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Using language
目 录
语法专题突破
听力发掘训练
新知深化学习
课时跟踪检测
语法专题突破
语法项目——过去分词作定语
语境中体悟
I still remember the wonderful time spent① on the farm with my students in 2022.The farm surrounded② by the mountain was beautiful. We helped the farmers harvest corn and ate food grown③ by the farmers.
The freshly picked④ fruit tasted delicious.When we walked in the woods with fallen⑤ leaves on the ground, we felt comfortable. Besides, at night, some entertainment programs performed⑥ by the local people were attractive to us.
[语法入门]
文中蓝体部为过去分词，在句中都作定语，①②③④⑥与其所修饰的名词之间为被动关系。⑤仅表示动作的完成，不表示被动。其中④⑤处为前置定语，①②③⑥处作后置定语。
学案中理清
一、过去分词作定语
[先感知]
①(教材典句)Many inspired people gave him their support.
②(教材典句)In Uganda, Ryan at last saw the finished well with his own eyes.
③(教材典句)What they needed was a well dug near their homes.
④Ryan is a young man admired by a lot of people.
[会发现]
上述各句中的蓝体部分为过去分词在句中作定语，与所修饰的词之间为被动关系。其中，句①②为单个过去分词，放在了被修饰词的______；而句③④中使用的是过去分词短语，放在了被修饰词的_____。
前面
后面
[明规则]
1．及物动词的过去分词作定语，在语态上表示被动；在时间上，常表示动作已经发生或完成。
2．不及物动词的过去分词作定语，不表示被动意义，只强调动作已完成。
3．一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，通常放在所修饰词之前。
①有些过去分词表示特定含义时，单独作定语也放在所修饰的名词之后，如left(剩余的), given(所给的), concerned (有关的)等。
②如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no与thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等，单个过去分词放在被修饰词的后面。
4．过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语，通常放在所修饰词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。
[对点练]
(1)单句语法填空
①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including _________ (reduce) concentration, an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content.
②(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)But equally important is the mental aspect.Reading researchers have proposed a theory _______ (call) “shallowing hypothesis (假说)．”
reduced
called
③(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷) If you want to be published, it's vital to submit a perfect, professionally _____________ (present) manuscript (原稿)．
④(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷) For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language __________ (publish) in 1755.
presented
published
⑤(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Yes, we all have our phones, but many of us still like to go old school and read something _________ (print)．
⑥(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Shanghai may be the __________ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings, but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as xiao long bao's birthplace.
printed
recognized
(2)句型转换
⑦The student dressed in white is my daughter.
→The student _______________ in white is my daughter.
⑧This is one of the finest novels published last year.
→This is one of the finest novels __________________ last year.
who is dressed
that were published
二、现在分词、过去分词作定语的区别
[先感知]
①They built a highway leading into the mountains.
②Even though it is still in summer, there are many fallen leaves on the ground.
③The survey shows that the children often overlooked by their parents are more likely to long for family warmth.
[会发现]
句①中为现在分词短语作后置定语，分词短语leading into ...与其所修饰的名词highway之间为______关系；
句②为不及物动词的过去分词作定语，表示动作已完成；
句③中过去分词短语overlooked by ...与其所修饰的名词the children之间为_____关系，且表示动作已发生。
主动
被动
[明规则]
1．现在分词作定语表示主动或正在进行，而过去分词作定语表示被动或已完成。
2．有些动词的现在分词和过去分词作定语，不表示进行、被动或完成的意义，而是形容词化了。现在分词通常表示“令人感到……的”；过去分词则一般表示“感到……的”。例如：
①He brought the surprising news.
②She looked at him with a surprised expression on her face.
[对点练] (用所给词的适当形式填空)
①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)This beautiful structure, _______ (name) Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times.
②(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Though overtourism is described as a problem ________ (affect)the entire world, it's actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots.
named
affecting
③The English _______ (speak) by the man is hard to understand.
④Most of the artists ________ (invite) to the party were from South Africa.
⑤The __________ (frighten) boy was found lying on the ______ (fall) branches, crying.
spoken
invited
frightened
fallen
应用中融通
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time ______ (spend) with his students.
2．To return to the problem of water pollution, I'd like you to look at a study __________ (conduct) in Australia.
spent
conducted
3．The adobe dwellings (土坯房) ______ (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern architects and engineers.
4．The cars __________ (sell) at the market now are made in Guangzhou.
built
being sold
5．Tsinghua University, _________ (found) in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
6．People today tend to choose vegetables ______ (grow) without chemicals.
7．Nowadays there are a lot of man-made satellites ______ (fly) in space.
founded
grown
flying
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
Lao Wang is a ①______ (retire) man of 60 years old.In his spare time, he likes helping the ②_______ (disable) people in his neighbourhood. One time, a blind man ③_____ (live) next to his door was carrying a heavy box ④__________ (deliver) from his daughter upstairs when Lao Wang came back. Without any doubt, Lao Wang gave him a ⑤_________ (help) hand. The blind man thanked him very much and sent Lao Wang a novel ⑥________ (write) by his daughter.What good neighbours they are！
retired
disabled
living
delivered
helping
written
听力发掘训练
教材听力“再利用”
一、由听力厚积语料库
1．______________________________
做一些志愿工作
2．___________ 思考
3．___________ 一对一地
do some sort of voluntary work
think about
one on one
4．build a relationship with sb. _______________
5．make sure _______________
6．help out _______________
与某人建立关系
确保
帮忙解决困难
二、教材录音材料的发掘训练
1．What is the main idea of this conversation
A．How to ride a bike.
B．How to apply for a job.
C．How to become a volunteer.
√
2．What is Sarah's hobby
A．Teaching children.
B．Riding horses.
C．Playing basketball.
√
3．What is the most important thing for being with disabled children
A．Make sure of their safety.
B．Help them build confidence.
C．Let them have fun and enjoy sports.
√
三、依据教材听力完成句子
1．Could you tell me _________________________
2．_________________ how their confidence increases over time.
3．_____________________ Mrs Marshall, she'll want to know if you have previous experience as a volunteer.
4．And then, of course, you should think about _______________
_____________________.
how to become a volunteer
It's amazing to see
Once you've contacted
how often you
would like to help out
四、听说交际训练
根据提示，完成下面关于做志愿者的对话。
M：Mary, what about going to see a film this afternoon
W：I'd like to, but I can't make it.I'm involved in an activity.We will go to the children's welfare home.
M：Oh, what do you usually do there
W：We usually ①______________________ (做一些志愿工作): accompany the kids and give them some presents.
M：Do you have enough time to talk to them
W：Yes, ②_______________________________ (我们有兴趣和他们交谈)．Besides, we ③__________________________ (喜欢给他们读故事) and help them do some artworks and crafts.④__________ (这是惊人的)to see how their abilities improve over time.
do some voluntary work
we are interested in talking to them
enjoy reading stories to them
It's amazing
M：Do you usually go to their dormitory
W：Yes, we help them clean their rooms ⑤___________________
__________ (来确保它们干净)．
M：Oh, you are great.By the way, how often do you go there
W：We usually go there once a month and during the holidays twice a month.
M：You are really making a difference to the kids.
to make sure that they
are clean
听力素养“漫养成”
|掌握规律技法|
学会把握主旨大意
听力中的主旨大意题要求学生对听到的内容有整体的了解和全面的领会，把握对话双方或独白者究竟表达了什么。一般情况下，一段对话或独白都是围绕一个主题展开的，有时候主旨大意较明显，有时则需要归纳和概括。
一、常见的解题策略
1．抓住材料的前两句话特别重要，因为前两句话往往是主题句，即使不是主题句，也对理解整个对话或独白有重要的意义。
2．学会抓关键词，对语段进行整体理解，而不应纠结于某些小细节，避免以偏概全。
二、常见的提问方式
1．What are the speakers mainly discussing
2．What are the speakers talking about
3．What are the two speakers doing
4．What is the dialogue/conversation about
[典例] What are the speakers talking about
A．A way to improve air quality.
B．A problem with traffic jams.
C．A suggestion for city planning.
[听力原文]
M：Air pollution is so bad in this city. I think the government should stop people from driving cars on certain days.
W：You have a point. Air pollution is a problem, but not letting people drive on certain days is a bad idea. People have to go to work by car.
M：I'm afraid I don't agree with you there. Reducing air pollution is really important. People are so used to driving that they don't think about ways to do things. If we stop them from driving on certain days, maybe they could think of new ways to get around.
W：I see your point, but I still think it wouldn't be possible to stop people from driving.
[分析] 该段对话是围绕一个话题“Air pollution is so bad in this city.I think the government should stop people from driving cars on certain days.”展开的。故选A。
|多积主题表达|
1．intelligent adj. 聪明的
2．generous adj. 慷慨的，宽厚的
3．play a leading role in 在……中起着主导作用
4．achieve one's dream 实现某人的梦想
5．serve as 担任，充当
6．be highly thought of 被高度评价
7．be devoted to 致力于
8．in the field of 在……领域
9．face the challenge 面对挑战
10．Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.
自从他上了高中，他学习一直很用功。
11．Coming from a family of English teachers, she always had a particular interest in English.
来自英语教师家庭的她总是对英语有着特别的兴趣。
12．Mrs Brown is an Australian teacher with fair hair and blue eyes, who has been to many places of China.
布朗夫人是一位来自澳大利亚的老师，她有一头淡色的头发和一双蓝色的眼睛，她去过中国的很多地方。
13．Born in a small town in 1812, Charles Dickens was able to attend school for only two years owing to his poor family.
查尔斯·狄更斯于1812年出生在一个小镇，由于家里穷，只上了两年的学。
14．She devoted herself to scientific research and made great contributions to her country.
她为科研献出了一切，对她的国家做出了巨大贡献。
新知深化学习
1．Since 1953, UNICEF has taken up an extended mission to help children in the developing world, including those living with diseases or disabilities, and those affected by rapid modernisation and environmental problems.
自1953年以来，联合国儿童基金会承担了一项长期使命，帮助发展中国家的儿童，包括那些患有疾病或残疾的儿童，以及那些受到快速现代化和环境问题影响的儿童。
★disability n．残疾，残障
|用|法|感|知|
According to my understanding, the picture is describing a person with a physical disability.
根据我的理解，这幅画描绘的是一个有身体残疾的人。
(“人物描写”佳句)She had been disabled at a young age, but was now an inspiration to their town.
她很小的时候就残疾了，但现在却成了他们镇上的一个鼓舞人心的人物。
(“心理描写”佳句)The weak signal disabled cell phones, which made me upset.
微弱的信号使手机无法使用，这使我心烦意乱。
[归纳点拨]
(1)ability n． 能力；才能，本领
people with disabilities＝the disabled 残疾人
(2)able adj. 能，会；有能力的
unable adj. 不能的，不会的
disable v. 使丧失能力，使伤残
disabled adj. 有残疾的，有缺陷的
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空)
①It was a non-profit organization aimed at helping people with __________ (disability) come back to normal life through physical training.
disabilities
②The ______ (able) to express an idea is as important as the idea itself.
③When you first meet a ________ (disable) person, what is your first reaction
ability
disabled
2．He's sensitive and rather serious, which sometimes makes him appear to be a little bookish.
他敏感而且相当严肃，这有时使他显得有点书呆子气。
★sensitive adj.敏感的，容易生气的
|用|法|感|知|
(“人物描写”佳句)Sensitive and shy, he was afraid to communicate with others.他敏感且害羞，不敢和别人交流。
Seeing their task finished gives them a sense of satisfaction.
看到任务完成了，他们感到很满意。
There is no sense in waiting here without knowing when he will come back.
不知道他什么时候回来，在这儿等没有意义。
[归纳点拨]
(1)be sensitive to ... 对……敏感
(2)sense n. 感觉，意识
a sense of ... ……感
there is no sense in doing sth. 做某事无意义
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①He is equipped with a deep sense ___ justice and responsibility.
②Once you are on the ground of a different country, remain highly _________ (sense) to native behavior.
(2)替换加蓝词汇
③There's no point/use in getting upset about it now. ______
of
sensitive
sense
3．She's usually very shy, but she's generous and never hesitates to help.她通常很害羞，但她很慷慨，帮助别人从不犹豫。
★generous adj.慷慨的，大方的
|用|法|感|知|
(“人物描写”佳句)More importantly, warm-hearted and helpful, Kevin was always generous to give someone a hand.
更重要的是，凯文总是热心助人，乐于助人。
(“演讲”类写作佳句)We should be kind to others, warm-hearted to everyone, and generous to our friends.
我们应该善待他人，对别人要热心，对朋友要慷慨。
I shall never forget the generosity shown by local people.
我永远也不会忘记当地人的慷慨大方。
[归纳点拨]
(1)be generous with sth. 对某物或某事慷慨/大方
be generous to sb. 对某人慷慨/大方
It's generous of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事真是慷慨
(2)generosity n. 慷慨，大方
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空)
①I appreciate your __________ (generous) in this matter.
②Though he didn't have much to give, he was generous _____ his money.
③Although he was poor, he was quite generous ___ his needy friends.
generosity
with
to
★hesitate v．迟疑，犹豫
|用|法|感|知|
Never hesitate to turn to the teachers for advice if you meet with some problems in study.
如果你在学习中遇到一些问题，要毫不犹豫地向老师寻求建议。
(“动作描写”佳句)Henry took off his clothes immediately and jumped into the water without any hesitation to rescue the little boy.
亨利立刻脱下衣服，毫不犹豫地跳入水中，去救那个小男孩。
[归纳点拨]
(1)hesitate to do sth. 做某事迟疑/犹豫
hesitate about sth. 对某事犹豫不决
(2)hesitation n. 迟疑，犹豫
without (any) hesitation 毫不犹豫地
|应|用|融|会|
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①He hesitated ______ whether to drive or take the train.
②He accepted the invitation ________ hesitation.
③_______________________________ if you have any queries.
如果有疑问，就请尽管和我联系。
about
without
Please do not hesitate to contact me
4．In China, volunteers are also playing an increasingly important role in environmental protection, disability assistance and many other fields.
在中国，志愿者在环境保护、残疾人救助及许多其他领域也正发挥着越来越重要的作用。
★assistance n．帮助，援助
|用|法|感|知|
(“人物描述”佳句)He is always ready to provide assistance to others.他总是乐于帮助他人。
I love doing housework. I always assist my parents in doing the dishes after meals.
我喜欢做家务。我总是在饭后帮父母洗餐具。
[归纳点拨]
(1)with the assistance of ... 在……的帮助下
be of assistance 有帮助，有用处
(2)assist v. 帮助，援助
assist sb.with sth. 帮助某人某事
assist sb.to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
assist sb.in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事
(3)assistant adj. 助理的，副的
n. 助理，助手
|应|用|融|会|
(1)单句语法填空
①She often assists me _____ my English, which helps me improve my English greatly.
②Willing to be a teaching ________ (assist) in your training center this summer, I'm writing to apply for the position.
with
assistant
(2)替换加蓝词汇
③If you can take on this case, it'll be greatly helpful to me. _________________
④I am most grateful to my husband, who assisted me in preparing this book. _____________________
⑤The translations were carried out with the help of a medical dictionary. ___________
of great assistance
assisted me to prepare
assistance
课时跟踪检测
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Homelessness is a major problem in every city around the world, and something that most governments struggle to manage.A Canadian millionaire's homeless community project decided to deal with this problem head-on.
Marcel LeBrun is an entrepreneur (企业家) and founder of a successful media monitoring company from Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada.After selling his company for eight figures, he allocated (分配) a large amount to address homelessness in his community.
In 2023, data from the Human Development Council showed that in New Brunswick there has been a 25% increase in homeless people; 1,829 people experienced homelessness for at least one day; and 654 people experienced long homelessness, meaning that they were homeless for at least one year.Though the numbers may be far greater in bigger cities such as San Francisco, Los Angeles, and New York, LeBrun saw an opportunity to make a difference and improve the lives of those facing the challenges of homelessness.
The millionaire's homeless community project invested $4 million to build 99 tiny homes for people in need.Grants and support from the government helped raise funding to $12 million to expand the project.
Known as 12 Neighbours, the project aims to build a community with 99 homes and an enterprise center.This creative approach not only provides a safe and stable housing solution — it also creates job opportunities for people in the community.
The homes are not just shelters.LeBrun sees himself as a community builder, so the project is meant to create a supportive environment for residents.LeBrun also aims to instill (逐渐灌输) a sense of responsibility and stability in residents by giving them the opportunity to own their own property (财产)．This not only benefits those experiencing homelessness, but also helps create a more supportive community.
This is an inspiring example of using personal success to help change others' lives and the community, and hopefully inspire others to contribute to society as well.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了加拿大百万富翁马塞尔·勒布伦通过自己的努力和投资来解决社区无家可归者问题的事迹。
1．How did LeBrun get the initial funds to help the homeless
A．By applying to the government.
B．By selling his business.
C．By founding a media company.
D．By collecting money from his friends.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“After selling his company for eight figures, he allocated (分配) a large amount to address homelessness in his community.”可知，LeBrun通过出售自己的公司获得了帮助无家可归者的初始资金。故选B。
2．What did LeBrun see from the figures in paragraph 3
A．The responsibility to help others.
B．The opportunity to be famous.
C．The good situation of his country.
D．The importance of making money.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段可知，LeBrun从这些数字中看到了帮助他人的责任。故选A。
√
3．What is the goal of 12 Neighbours
A．To produce more public property.
B．To employ the homeless to work.
C．To provide support for the homeless.
D．To pick off the awareness of the homeless.
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段可知，12 Neighbours的目标是为无家可归者提供支持。故选C。
√
4．Which of the following can best describe LeBrun
A．Caring but stubborn.
B．Inspiring and creative.
C．Intelligent but proud.
D．Courageous and sensitive.
√
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，LeBrun的行为是鼓舞人心的；再结合第五段的“Known as 12 Neighbours, the project aims to build a community with 99 homes and an enterprise center.”可知，LeBrun通过创新的方式解决无家可归者的问题，因此，他具有创造性。故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Each year, eight children in an average class in the UK are unable to read well when they leave primary school.Volunteers are welcome to join Bookmark, a non-profit organization to help 5 this.With Bookmark you will brighten the futures of primary school children.Sally, a Bookmark volunteer, has a story to 6 .
Sally joined Bookmark as a volunteer in 2021 when she had retired and wanted to 7 her time to others.Before volunteering with Bookmark, she had never worked with 8 beginning the sessions was indeed a step out of her 9 zone.Sally felt a real 10 to Bookmark's mission(使命) and believed the challenge would 11 .
“Volunteering has made me feel more 12 .I feel I am making a difference, however 13 it is.I get huge 14 from engaging with children and making them laugh as we read in a(n) 15 way.All the pupils I have read with so far have become enthusiastic(热情的)and 16 to learn.The sessions do make you think on your feet somewhat,
trying to explain what words mean and trying to 17 a child's understanding of a story.I've also really 18 chatting to them and listening to them making up stories.Reading for pleasure is providing a 19 into learning and a world of opportunities.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。在英国，每年平均每个班级有8个孩子在小学毕业后不能很好地阅读。非营利组织Bookmark来帮助改变这一现状。文章讲述了书签志愿者Sally帮助孩子们阅读和学习的故事。
5．A.observe B．protect
C．judge D．change
解析：本段第一句提到：在英国，每年平均每个班级有8个孩子在小学毕业后不能很好地阅读。由此可知，此处指改变这一现状。故选D。
√
6．A.write B．share
C．invent D．download
解析：根据下文萨莉的讲述可知，萨莉，一个书签志愿者，有一个故事要分享。故选B。
√
7．A.lend B．pass
C．show D．take
解析：根据后文“her time to others”可知，成为志愿者意味着把自己的时间借给别人。故选A。
√
8．A.books B．children
C．readers D．volunteers
解析：呼应上文“eight children in an average class”，指和孩子一起工作。故选B。
√
9．A.friend B．favorite
C．comfort D．time
解析：根据上文“she had never worked with”可知，以前没有做过这种工作，所以是走出舒适区。故选C。
√
10．A. connection B．thought
C．entrance D．admission
解析：根据后文“to Bookmark's mission”可知，这里指萨莉感到与这一组织真的有关联。故选A。
√
11．A.keep on B．pay off
C．work out D．pick up
解析：根据下一段的描述可知，在萨莉的帮助下，孩子们渴望学习，由此可知，此处指挑战会有回报。keep on“继续”；pay off“付清，取得回报”；work out“解决”；pick up“捡起”。故选B。
√
12．A.patient B．curious
C．serious D．content
解析：根据后文“I feel I am making a difference”可知，志愿服务让她感到满足。content“满足的”。故选D。
√
13．A.fantastic B．interesting
C．small D．ordinary
解析：句意：我觉得我正在产生影响，不管影响有多小。故选C。
√
14．A.joy B．praise
C．respect D．result
解析：根据后文“making them laugh”可知，和他们在一起萨莉很快乐。故选A。
√
15．A.normal B．funny
C．similar D．awkward
解析：根据上文“making them laugh as we read”可知，他们是用有趣的方式阅读。故选B。
√
16．A.honest B．kind
C．eager D．confused
解析：根据前文的“enthusiastic”可知，学生变得热情和渴望学习。故选C。
√
17．A.correct B．ignore
C．improve D．discover
解析：根据上文“trying to explain what words mean and trying to”可知，课程让孩子们试图解释单词的意思，并试图提高孩子对故事的理解能力。故选C。
√
18．A.continued B．minded
C．remembered D．enjoyed
解析：根据后文“chatting to them and listening to them making up stories”可知，萨莉也喜欢和孩子聊天。故选D。
√
19．A.route B．look
C．reason D．search
解析：根据后文“into learning and a world of opportunities”可知，为乐趣而阅读提供了一条学习的途径和一个充满机会的世界。故选A。
√
Ⅲ.语法填空
Li Wen, a paper-cutting artist from Lingbi county, east China's Anhui Province, has devoted 1 (she) to the art form for 17 years.
In 2005, Li 2 (study) oil painting at school when she saw wedding paper-cutting works posted on the windows of her neighbor's house and was 3 (immediate) impressed by the craft (手艺), as well as the lifelike images on them. Since then, Li 4 (throw) herself into learning the craft wholeheartedly.
Li always brings scissors and paper with her whenever she goes, and has created paper-cutting works covering 5 wide range of themes. In addition to exploring 6 (tradition) patterns of paper-cutting works and learning various expressive techniques, Li has also improved her skills by frequently learning the craft from skilled 7 (artist). Li pays attention 8 every detail when she makes her paper-cutting works, and puts great passion and energy into all of them. As a result, she makes very few mistakes when 9 (create) paper-cutting works.
Li's passion for the art has helped her go far. She has been awarded several titles, such as “Master in Arts and Crafts” of Suzhou city, 10 is a great honour for her.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了来自安徽省灵璧县的剪纸艺术家李文在传播中国传统文化——剪纸艺术方面做出的贡献。
1．herself 考查代词。考查固定短语devote oneself to sth.“致力于……”。
2．was studying 考查时态。此处为固定句型be doing ...when “正在做……这时……”，再根据时间状语In 2005可知，应用过去进行时。
3．immediately 考查副词。此处为副词immediately作状语修饰动词短语was impressed by。
4．has thrown 考查时态和主谓一致。 由时间状语Since then可知，应用现在完成时；主语Li为第三人称单数形式，故填has thrown。
5．a 考查冠词。 此处为固定短语a wide range of，意为“广泛的”。
6．traditional 考查形容词。 此处为形容词作定语修饰名词patterns。
7．artists 考查名词复数。 此处表示向技术熟练的艺术家们学习工艺来提高自己的技能，“艺术家们”为泛指，故用名词复数形式artists。
8．to 考查介词。 此处考查动词短语pay attention to sth.，意为“关注……”。
9．creating 考查非谓语动词。 此处为when引导的时间状语从句的省略形式，该句可还原为when she is creating paper-cutting works。
10．which 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的整个句子，故用关系代词which。UNIT 2 课时检测(三) Using language
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Homelessness is a major problem in every city around the world, and something that most governments struggle to manage.A Canadian millionaire's homeless community project decided to deal with this problem head-on.
Marcel LeBrun is an entrepreneur (企业家) and founder of a successful media monitoring company from Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada.After selling his company for eight figures, he allocated (分配) a large amount to address homelessness in his community.
In 2023, data from the Human Development Council showed that in New Brunswick there has been a 25% increase in homeless people; 1,829 people experienced homelessness for at least one day; and 654 people experienced long homelessness, meaning that they were homeless for at least one year.Though the numbers may be far greater in bigger cities such as San Francisco, Los Angeles, and New York, LeBrun saw an opportunity to make a difference and improve the lives of those facing the challenges of homelessness.
The millionaire's homeless community project invested $4 million to build 99 tiny homes for people in need.Grants and support from the government helped raise funding to $12 million to expand the project.
Known as 12 Neighbours, the project aims to build a community with 99 homes and an enterprise center.This creative approach not only provides a safe and stable housing solution — it also creates job opportunities for people in the community.
The homes are not just shelters.LeBrun sees himself as a community builder, so the project is meant to create a supportive environment for residents.LeBrun also aims to instill (逐渐灌输) a sense of responsibility and stability in residents by giving them the opportunity to own their own property (财产)．This not only benefits those experiencing homelessness, but also helps create a more supportive community.
This is an inspiring example of using personal success to help change others' lives and the community, and hopefully inspire others to contribute to society as well.
1．How did LeBrun get the initial funds to help the homeless
A．By applying to the government.
B．By selling his business.
C．By founding a media company.
D．By collecting money from his friends.
2．What did LeBrun see from the figures in paragraph 3
A．The responsibility to help others.
B．The opportunity to be famous.
C．The good situation of his country.
D．The importance of making money.
3．What is the goal of 12 Neighbours
A．To produce more public property.
B．To employ the homeless to work.
C．To provide support for the homeless.
D．To pick off the awareness of the homeless.
4．Which of the following can best describe LeBrun
A．Caring but stubborn.
B．Inspiring and creative.
C．Intelligent but proud.
D．Courageous and sensitive.
Ⅱ.完形填空
Each year, eight children in an average class in the UK are unable to read well when they leave primary school.Volunteers are welcome to join Bookmark, a non-profit organization to help __5__ this.With Bookmark you will brighten the futures of primary school children.Sally, a Bookmark volunteer, has a story to __6__.
Sally joined Bookmark as a volunteer in 2021 when she had retired and wanted to ___7__ her time to others.Before volunteering with Bookmark, she had never worked with __8__ beginning the sessions was indeed a step out of her __9__ zone.Sally felt a real __10__ to Bookmark's mission(使命) and believed the challenge would __11__.
“Volunteering has made me feel more __12__.I feel I am making a difference, however __13__ it is.I get huge __14__ from engaging with children and making them laugh as we read in a(n) __15__ way.All the pupils I have read with so far have become enthusiastic(热情的)and __16__ to learn.The sessions do make you think on your feet somewhat, trying to explain what words mean and trying to __17__ a child's understanding of a story.I've also really __18__ chatting to them and listening to them making up stories.Reading for pleasure is providing a __19__ into learning and a world of opportunities.”
5．A.observe B．protect
C．judge D．change
6．A.write B．share
C．invent D．download
7．A.lend B．pass
C．show D．take
8．A.books B．children
C．readers D．volunteers
9．A.friend B．favorite
C．comfort D．time
10．A.connection B．thought
C．entrance D．admission
11．A.keep on B．pay off
C．work out D．pick up
12．A.patient B．curious
C．serious D．content
13．A.fantastic B．interesting
C．small D．ordinary
14．A.joy B．praise
C．respect D．result
15．A.normal B．funny
C．similar D．awkward
16．A.honest B．kind
C．eager D．confused
17．A.correct B．ignore
C．improve D．discover
18．A.continued B．minded
C．remembered D．enjoyed
19．A.route B．look
C．reason D．search
Ⅲ.语法填空
Li Wen, a paper-cutting artist from Lingbi county, east China's Anhui Province, has devoted __1__ (she) to the art form for 17 years.
In 2005, Li __2__ (study) oil painting at school when she saw wedding paper-cutting works posted on the windows of her neighbor's house and was __3__ (immediate) impressed by the craft (手艺), as well as the lifelike images on them. Since then, Li __4__ (throw) herself into learning the craft wholeheartedly.
Li always brings scissors and paper with her whenever she goes, and has created paper-cutting works covering __5__ wide range of themes. In addition to exploring __6__ (tradition) patterns of paper-cutting works and learning various expressive techniques, Li has also improved her skills by frequently learning the craft from skilled __7__ (artist). Li pays attention __8__ every detail when she makes her paper-cutting works, and puts great passion and energy into all of them. As a result, she makes very few mistakes when __9__ (create) paper-cutting works.
Li's passion for the art has helped her go far. She has been awarded several titles, such as “Master in Arts and Crafts” of Suzhou city, __10__ is a great honour for her.
UNIT 2 课时检测(三)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了加拿大百万富翁马塞尔·勒布伦通过自己的努力和投资来解决社区无家可归者问题的事迹。
1．选B 细节理解题。根据第二段的“After selling his company for eight figures, he allocated (分配) a large amount to address homelessness in his community.”可知，LeBrun通过出售自己的公司获得了帮助无家可归者的初始资金。故选B。
2．选A 推理判断题。根据第三段可知，LeBrun从这些数字中看到了帮助他人的责任。故选A。
3．选C 细节理解题。根据第五段可知，12 Neighbours的目标是为无家可归者提供支持。故选C。
4．选B 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，LeBrun的行为是鼓舞人心的；再结合第五段的“Known as 12 Neighbours, the project aims to build a community with 99 homes and an enterprise center.”可知，LeBrun通过创新的方式解决无家可归者的问题，因此，他具有创造性。故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。在英国，每年平均每个班级有8个孩子在小学毕业后不能很好地阅读。非营利组织Bookmark来帮助改变这一现状。文章讲述了书签志愿者Sally帮助孩子们阅读和学习的故事。
5．选D 本段第一句提到：在英国，每年平均每个班级有8个孩子在小学毕业后不能很好地阅读。由此可知，此处指改变这一现状。故选D。
6．选B 根据下文萨莉的讲述可知，萨莉，一个书签志愿者，有一个故事要分享。故选B。
7．选A 根据后文“her time to others”可知，成为志愿者意味着把自己的时间借给别人。故选A。
8．选B 呼应上文“eight children in an average class”，指和孩子一起工作。故选B。
9．选C 根据上文“she had never worked with”可知，以前没有做过这种工作，所以是走出舒适区。故选C。
10．选A 根据后文“to Bookmark's mission”可知，这里指萨莉感到与这一组织真的有关联。故选A。
11．选B 根据下一段的描述可知，在萨莉的帮助下，孩子们渴望学习，由此可知，此处指挑战会有回报。keep on“继续”；pay off“付清，取得回报”；work out“解决”；pick up“捡起”。故选B。
12．选D 根据后文“I feel I am making a difference”可知，志愿服务让她感到满足。content“满足的”。故选D。
13．选C 句意：我觉得我正在产生影响，不管影响有多小。故选C。
14．选A 根据后文“making them laugh”可知，和他们在一起萨莉很快乐。故选A。
15．选B 根据上文“making them laugh as we read”可知，他们是用有趣的方式阅读。故选B。
16．选C 根据前文的“enthusiastic”可知，学生变得热情和渴望学习。故选C。
17．选C 根据上文“trying to explain what words mean and trying to”可知，课程让孩子们试图解释单词的意思，并试图提高孩子对故事的理解能力。故选C。
18．选D 根据后文“chatting to them and listening to them making up stories”可知，萨莉也喜欢和孩子聊天。故选D。
19．选A 根据后文“into learning and a world of opportunities”可知，为乐趣而阅读提供了一条学习的途径和一个充满机会的世界。故选A。
Ⅲ.语法填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了来自安徽省灵璧县的剪纸艺术家李文在传播中国传统文化——剪纸艺术方面做出的贡献。
1．herself 考查代词。考查固定短语devote oneself to sth.“致力于……”。
2．was studying 考查时态。此处为固定句型be doing ...when “正在做……这时……”，再根据时间状语In 2005可知，应用过去进行时。
3．immediately 考查副词。此处为副词immediately作状语修饰动词短语was impressed by。
4．has thrown 考查时态和主谓一致。 由时间状语Since then可知，应用现在完成时；主语Li为第三人称单数形式，故填has thrown。
5．a 考查冠词。 此处为固定短语a wide range of，意为“广泛的”。
6．traditional 考查形容词。 此处为形容词作定语修饰名词patterns。
7．artists 考查名词复数。 此处表示向技术熟练的艺术家们学习工艺来提高自己的技能，“艺术家们”为泛指，故用名词复数形式artists。
8．to 考查介词。 此处考查动词短语pay attention to sth.，意为“关注……”。
9．creating 考查非谓语动词。 此处为when引导的时间状语从句的省略形式，该句可还原为when she is creating paper cutting works。
10．which 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的整个句子，故用关系代词which。
