Section Ⅰ “Understanding ideas”的课文习读环节
泛读课文，完成以下学习任务
(一)理清文脉结构
(二)把握主旨大意
1．What's the passage mainly about？( )
A．The introduction to Richard's new book.
B．The real motivation to invent something.
C．The new changes in the invention today.
D．The great age of invention is over.
2．Match the main idea with each part.
Part.1 A．New great tech-based inventions today.
Part.2 B．The possibility of making a time machine.
Part.3 C．The golden ages of invention of all time.
Part.4 D．The inspirations to invent new things.
Part.5 E．Greetings between the interviewer and Richard.
精读课文，完成以下学习任务
(一)阅读理解
1．What does the passage aim to do？( )
A．To introduce a new book.
B．To introduce a famous writer.
C．To inspire people to invent things.
D．To discuss tech-based inventions.
2．What is people's attitude towards the new age for inventions？( )
A．Different. B．Objective.
C．Negative. D．Supportive.
3．Which of the following doesn't belong to the inventions in Ancient China？( )
A．Gunpowder. B．Printing.
C．The radio. D．The compass.
4．What really inspires people to invent things？( )
A．Computer power.
B．Environmental pollution.
C．Less energy supplies.
D．The desire to solve problems.
5．What does “Never say never” mean according to the passage？( )
A．There is no royal road to learning.
B．Anything is possible.
C．A man becomes learned by asking questions.
D．Experience is the mother of wisdom.
[Tip]
借助转折连词but解题
第5题考查句意理解，由题干可定位至文章最后一句。最后一句中的前半部分中含有转折连词but，由此可知本句的意思与上一句存在逻辑上的转折关系。上一句提到理查德博士认为发明“时光机”之类的东西目前并不存在可能性，故本句应表示与之相反的意思，由此可推知正确答案。
(二)阅读表达
1．Why does Richard mention the great inventions in Ancient China and Western countries
2．Do you think the present day is a new age for inventions？Why
3．What should you do in the new age of invention
|阅|读|技|能|提|升|
本文的语篇类型为人物访谈。访谈通常是由“一问一答”的形式组成的，问题的设置通常围绕着文章主题展开，且问题之间有着紧密的联系。本文围绕理查德博士的新书《新发明时代》展开层层深入的谈论。“一问一答”的形式展现了文章清晰的脉络：先引出话题《新发明时代》；再展开话题，介绍古今中外的发明及带来的巨大变化；接着延伸话题，谈论新时代发明所需要的品质；最后总结话题，表明发明之路很漫长，但一切皆有可能。
阅读人物访谈类文章要明确访谈的主题。如本文，通过采访者的几个问题可知，本文讨论的是与发明相关的主题；再通过受访者理查德博士的回答可总结出文章的主旨——本文介绍了古今中外的伟大发明、这些发明给人类生活带来的巨大变化以及发明的原动力。
(一)赏用词之妙
1．These things changed the world forever.
赏析：本句中的forever强调了谓语动词changed，语气强烈地赞扬了中国古代的四大发明的影响：永远地改变了世界。
2．Most inventions start with recognising a problem that needs a solution.
赏析：recognise一词精确地阐释了发明的起点是发现某个需要解决的问题，recognise有“辨别出”之意。
3．This was no doubt the reason behind the invention of the wheel in ancient times, which much later developed into the car.
赏析：no doubt在此起加强语气的作用，强调古代轮子的发明无疑也是如此原因。
①Then came the day when ________________.
然后有一天，我的生活从此改变了。
②He picked up the wallet on the ground and ______________________ as Fahad's.
他捡起地上的钱包，认出是法哈德的。
③______________________________ when she gets there.
她到达那里时必定会给我们打电话。
(二)赏句式之高
1．There have been golden ages of invention throughout history.
赏析：本句中使用了现在完成时与介词短语throughout history“纵观历史”相搭配，共同强调了发明创造的黄金时代一直存在，从过去到现在乃至未来。
2．And now, we find ourselves in the great new age of technology.
赏析：本句中使用了固定搭配find oneself in ...“发现自己处于(某种状态)”，生动地表达了现在我们正处于伟大的科技新时代。
3．But what remains important is that we have an incredible desire to think and create, and that's the real spirit of invention.
赏析：本句是and连接的并列句，第一分句中what remains important是主语从句，that we have ...create是表语从句。这种包含多个名词性从句的句式可以有效地表达意义复杂且严谨的概念，从而使说明更加具体、全面。
[提能训练|完成句子]
①When he regained consciousness, ________________.
当他苏醒过来时，发现自己在医院里。
②__________________________________ we let others know we care about them.
重要的是，我们要让别人知道我们关心他们。
(三)赏修辞之功
①For example, advances in virtual reality and wearable tech, as well as the flexible battery, mean we should soon be seeing further developments.
②New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make replacement hearts and bone parts.
赏析：本文在说明事物的情况或事理时频繁运用了举例子的写作手法，从而让描述更清晰具体，让读者更易于理解事物的本质和特征。常用来举例说明或列举事物的词有for example(句①), for instance, such as, like(句②)等。
(四)赏衔接之顺
①In addition, important advances have been made in medicine and environmental science thanks to increasing computer power.
②In terms of the environment, it is now possible to create an intelligent walking house.
③What's more，huge advances in solar technology mean it can be eco-friendly，too.
赏析：本文在列举各种创造发明时，灵活使用了各种衔接词，如句①中的in addition，句②中的in terms of，句③中的what's more，这些词避免了单纯罗列事件而造成的内容枯燥乏味。衔接词的使用在增进行文自然流畅的同时，也让文章逻辑性更强、连接更紧密。
创造人工智能的梦想已经存在了几个世纪，而20世纪40年代以来计算机的发展，终于让这个梦想成为现实，现在人工智能已广泛应用于许多领域。了解人工智能的发展、应用以及人们对其发展后果的担忧，正确认识人工智能的两面性，有助于我们学会正确地与科技共处。
Imagine waking up one morning with the option of staying in bed and pressing a button to send a robot to do all the work for you. How cool that would be! It may seem like building castles in the air, but given the rate at which artificial intelligence, or AI, is being developed①， in the future such dreams may actually come true.
The dream of AI has been around for centuries, and the development of computers since the 1940s has finally made it a reality. Nowadays, AI is already being applied in many fields: finance, health care, machine translation and art, to name but a few. From autonomous vehicles to domestic robots, from recommendation systems to computers writing novels, AI has an unlimited number of applications. Ordinary people are now using AI to get instant translations of text in foreign languages, and machines can recognise fingerprints and even faces.
In short, this technology is transforming the way we live. It is clear that we are at a turning point in history. We are getting closer to the dividing line between humans and machines. The question is, where will all this lead While AI enthusiasts promise us a bright future where intelligent② robots will be working to our advantage, these undoubted benefits also bring concerns and fears. Could machines really develop human-like intelligence And what would happen if they did Would thinking machines work alongside humans or threaten the existence of humans How would they be punished if they committed crimes or even murdered humans As we become more and more③ dependent on computers, some scientists are urging us to think about the dangers posed by the advances in AI. Stephen Hawking, for example, warned, “The development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race.”
Apparently, such warnings demand our attention. We need to make sure that we will not fall victim to AI. We may still think it would be fantastic to relax all day and allow autonomous machines to do all the work for us — but perhaps we should not be too greedy and rather be careful what we wish for!
[阅读理解]
1．What can we know about AI？( )
A．It is a dream that will come true in the future.
B．It has been used in many areas.
C．It is too complex for ordinary people to use.
D．It will wipe out humans one day.
2．What is the purpose of the questions in paragraph 3？( )
A．To show AI is useful.
B．To indicate the dangers AI may bring to humans.
C．To prove the quote from Stephen Hawking.
D．To state the fact that AI is changing our lives.
3．What is the author's attitude to AI ( )
A．Doubtful. B．Negative.
C．Objective. D．Supportive.
[素养积累]
1．由文积词汇
to name but a few 略举几例
autonomous adj. 自主的；自治的
domestic adj. 家用的，家庭的，家务的
recommendation n. 正式建议；提议；推荐
enthusiast n. 热衷于……的人；热心者
pose v. 造成，引起，产生
apparently adv. 显然，可见
2．据文悟句式
句① at which ...是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the rate。
句② while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”；从句中含有where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a bright future。
句③ as引导时间状语从句，意为“随着”；posed by the advances in AI为过去分词短语作后置定语。
Section Ⅰ
课文阅读理解
泛读课文，完成以下学习任务
(一)①inventions ②Ancient China ③virtual ④solution ⑤desire
(二)1.A 2.Parts.1～5 ECADB
精读课文，完成以下学习任务
(一)1.A 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.B
(二)1.To prove that there have been golden ages of invention throughout history and that these things changed the world forever.
2．Yes，I do.Thanks to computer power, important advances have been made.
3．As a senior high school student, I should make full use of time to gain knowledge.
课文写法借鉴
(一)①my life changed forever ②recognised it
③No doubt she'll call us
(二)①he found himself in hospital ②What is important is that
美文阅读润心
1．B 2.B 3.C(共82张PPT)
UNIT 3 The world of science
外研英语必修第三册
把握单元素养目标
主题意识 本单元的主题是“科技发展和科学精神”，通过了解从古至今的科学发展史，丰富对生活中科学现象的认知，深入思考科学与生活之间的关系，培养对待科学的态度和批判性的思维方式，尝试用科学改变自己的生活。
语法项目 了解现在完成时的被动语态的用法，并能在真实语境中运用。
续表
语言 输入 听 能听懂与科技主题相关的英语基础词汇、句式和简短对话。
读 能读懂人物访谈、关于科学精神的议论、生活中的小发明介绍、实验报告等多模态语篇，掌握人物访谈的基本结构和科幻小说的语言特点。
看 能看懂与科技有关的图片和视频，了解科技发展给人类带来的巨大变化，培养对科技的兴趣。
语言 输出 写 能用所学的与科学技术相关的英语语言和语篇知识撰写简单的英语实验报告。
说 能用英语表达科技与人类生活的相关话题并与他人展开话题讨论。
续表
Section Ⅰ “Understanding ideas”
的课文习读环节
目 录
课文阅读理解
课文写法借鉴
美文阅读润心
课时跟踪检测
课文阅读理解
泛读课文，完成以下学习任务
(一)理清文脉结构
(二)把握主旨大意
1．What's the passage mainly about
A．The introduction to Richard's new book.
B．The real motivation to invent something.
C．The new changes in the invention today.
D．The great age of invention is over.
√
2．Match the main idea with each part.
Part.1 A．New great tech-based inventions today.
Part.2 B．The possibility of making a time machine.
Part.3 C．The golden ages of invention of all time.
Part.4 D．The inspirations to invent new things.
Part.5 E．Greetings between the interviewer and Richard.
答案：Parts.1～5 ECADB
精读课文，完成以下学习任务
(一)阅读理解
1.What does the passage aim to do
A．To introduce a new book.
B．To introduce a famous writer.
C．To inspire people to invent things.
D．To discuss tech-based inventions.
√
2．What is people's attitude towards the new age for inventions
A．Different. B．Objective.
C．Negative. D．Supportive.
√
3．Which of the following doesn't belong to the inventions in Ancient China
A．Gunpowder. B．Printing.
C．The radio. D．The compass.
√
4．What really inspires people to invent things
A．Computer power.
B．Environmental pollution.
C．Less energy supplies.
D．The desire to solve problems.
√
5．What does “Never say never” mean according to the passage
A．There is no royal road to learning.
B．Anything is possible.
C．A man becomes learned by asking questions.
D．Experience is the mother of wisdom.
√
[Tip]
借助转折连词but解题
第5题考查句意理解，由题干可定位至文章最后一句。最后一句中的前半部分中含有转折连词but，由此可知本句的意思与上一句存在逻辑上的转折关系。上一句提到理查德博士认为发明“时光机”之类的东西目前并不存在可能性，故本句应表示与之相反的意思，由此可推知正确答案。
(二)阅读表达
1．Why does Richard mention the great inventions in Ancient China and Western countries
To prove that there have been golden ages of invention throughout history and that these things changed the world forever.
2．Do you think the present day is a new age for inventions？Why
Yes，I do.Thanks to computer power, important advances have been made.
3．What should you do in the new age of invention
As a senior high school student, I should make full use of time to gain knowledge.
|阅|读|技|能|提|升|
本文的语篇类型为人物访谈。访谈通常是由“一问一答”的形式组成的，问题的设置通常围绕着文章主题展开，且问题之间有着紧密的联系。本文围绕理查德博士的新书《新发明时代》展开层层深入的谈论。“一问一答”的形式展现了文章清晰的脉络：先引出话题《新发明时代》；再展开话题，介绍古今中外的发明及带来的巨大变化；接着延伸话题，谈论新时代发明所需要的品质；最后总结话题，表明发明之路很漫长，但一切皆有可能。
阅读人物访谈类文章要明确访谈的主题。如本文，通过采访者的几个问题可知，本文讨论的是与发明相关的主题；再通过受访者理查德博士的回答可总结出文章的主旨——本文介绍了古今中外的伟大发明、这些发明给人类生活带来的巨大变化以及发明的原动力。
课文写法借鉴
(一)赏用词之妙
1．These things changed the world forever.
赏析：本句中的forever强调了谓语动词changed，语气强烈地赞扬了中国古代的四大发明的影响：永远地改变了世界。
2．Most inventions start with recognising a problem that needs a solution.
赏析：recognise一词精确地阐释了发明的起点是发现某个需要解决的问题，recognise有“辨别出”之意。
3．This was no doubt the reason behind the invention of the wheel in ancient times, which much later developed into the car.
赏析：no doubt在此起加强语气的作用，强调古代轮子的发明无疑也是如此原因。
[提能训练|完成句子]
①Then came the day when ______________________.
然后有一天，我的生活从此改变了。
②He picked up the wallet on the ground and _____________ as Fahad's.
他捡起地上的钱包，认出是法哈德的。
③_____________________ when she gets there.
她到达那里时必定会给我们打电话。
my life changed forever
recognised it
No doubt she'll call us
(二)赏句式之高
1．There have been golden ages of invention throughout history.
赏析：本句中使用了现在完成时与介词短语throughout history“纵观历史”相搭配，共同强调了发明创造的黄金时代一直存在，从过去到现在乃至未来。
2．And now, we find ourselves in the great new age of technology.
赏析：本句中使用了固定搭配find oneself in ...“发现自己处于(某种状态)”，生动地表达了现在我们正处于伟大的科技新时代。
3．But what remains important is that we have an incredible desire to think and create, and that's the real spirit of invention.
赏析：本句是and连接的并列句，第一分句中what remains important是主语从句，that we have ...create是表语从句。这种包含多个名词性从句的句式可以有效地表达意义复杂且严谨的概念，从而使说明更加具体、全面。
[提能训练|完成句子]
①When he regained consciousness, _________________________.
当他苏醒过来时，发现自己在医院里。
②________________________ we let others know we care about them.
重要的是，我们要让别人知道我们关心他们。
he found himself in hospital
What is important is that
(三)赏修辞之功
①For example, advances in virtual reality and wearable tech, as well as the flexible battery, mean we should soon be seeing further developments.
②New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make replacement hearts and bone parts.
赏析：本文在说明事物的情况或事理时频繁运用了举例子的写作手法，从而让描述更清晰具体，让读者更易于理解事物的本质和特征。常用来举例说明或列举事物的词有for example(句①), for instance, such as, like(句②)等。
(四)赏衔接之顺
①In addition, important advances have been made in medicine and environmental science thanks to increasing computer power.
②In terms of the environment, it is now possible to create an intelligent walking house.
③What's more，huge advances in solar technology mean it can be eco-friendly，too.
赏析：本文在列举各种创造发明时，灵活使用了各种衔接词，如句①中的in addition，句②中的in terms of，句③中的what's more，这些词避免了单纯罗列事件而造成的内容枯燥乏味。衔接词的使用在增进行文自然流畅的同时，也让文章逻辑性更强、连接更紧密。
美文阅读润心
创造人工智能的梦想已经存在了几个世纪，而20世纪40年代以来计算机的发展，终于让这个梦想成为现实，现在人工智能已广泛应用于许多领域。了解人工智能的发展、应用以及人们对其发展后果的担忧，正确认识人工智能的两面性，有助于我们学会正确地与科技共处。
The dream of AI has been around for centuries, and the development of computers since the 1940s has finally made it a reality. Nowadays, AI is already being applied in many fields: finance, health care, machine translation and art, to name but a few. From autonomous vehicles to domestic robots, from recommendation systems to computers writing novels, AI has an unlimited number of applications. Ordinary people are now using AI to get instant translations of text in foreign languages, and machines can recognise fingerprints and even faces.
Apparently, such warnings demand our attention. We need to make sure that we will not fall victim to AI. We may still think it would be fantastic to relax all day and allow autonomous machines to do all the work for us — but perhaps we should not be too greedy and rather be careful what we wish for!
[阅读理解]
1．What can we know about AI
A．It is a dream that will come true in the future.
B．It has been used in many areas.
C．It is too complex for ordinary people to use.
D．It will wipe out humans one day.
√
2．What is the purpose of the questions in paragraph 3
A．To show AI is useful.
B．To indicate the dangers AI may bring to humans.
C．To prove the quote from Stephen Hawking.
D．To state the fact that AI is changing our lives.
√
3．What is the author's attitude to AI
A．Doubtful. B．Negative.
C．Objective. D．Supportive.
√
[素养积累]
1．由文积词汇
to name but a few 略举几例
autonomous adj. 自主的；自治的
domestic adj. 家用的，家庭的，家务的
recommendation n. 正式建议；提议；推荐
enthusiast n. 热衷于……的人；热心者
pose v. 造成，引起，产生
apparently adv. 显然，可见
2．据文悟句式
句① at which ...是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the rate。
句② while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”；从句中含有where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a bright future。
句③ as引导时间状语从句，意为“随着”；posed by the advances in AI为过去分词短语作后置定语。
课时跟踪检测
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Spring is the season to harvest West Lake Longjing tea, which is now picked by not only human workers but also “metalworkers” — tea-picking robots!
At the end of March, Hangzhou welcomed its busy season of large-scale harvesting of West Lake Longjing tea.In one tea garden, a smart tea-picking robot developed by Zhejiang Sci-tech University made its first showing after five years of research and development.
With a pull and a suck (吸), the robotic arm separates the buds from the branches and then puts them into a temporary storage box.“The robot learned its skills through a recognition model that offers it a large amount of tea bud image data，” said Chen Jianneng, one of the researchers.This allows the robot to automatically identify tea buds with a success rate of over 90 percent, Chen added.
Yet the robot's efficiency needs improvement before it can be used on a wider scale.According to Professor Wu Chuanyu, leader of the research team, the robot can currently only perform the work of 1.5 workers.It would need to do the work of 5 workers for it to be possible on a larger scale.Additionally, the robot can now only be used on flat terrain (地形), not on more complex surfaces such as mountains.It may take five to ten years to realize these goals, Wu told China News.
Tea planting and processing are also transformed to become“smarter”．For example, there are special lamps that can attract pests but will not hurt other “friendly” insects.This equipment can operate 24-7, using color panels and lights to draw pests in day and night and then kill them with an electric grid.
In terms of tea roasting (炒制), although machine-roasted tea is quite widespread, many tea enthusiasts argue that this method lacks the real flavor of tea made by hand-roasting.Researchers at Zhejiang University are trying to measure the subtle differences between the two methods to improve machine performance.They're researching AI technologies to enable them to gain data and make adjustments to roasting methods and temperatures in real time.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了杭州一款茶叶采摘机器人的研发情况以及面临的挑战。
1．According to the passage, how does the tea-picking robot identify tea buds
A．With special lighting.
B．With human guidance.
C．By using bud-detecting sensors.
D．By using image recognition technology.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段Chen Jianneng 说的话可知，茶叶采摘机器人是通过图像识别技术来识别茶芽的。故选D。
2．What is one of the tea-picking robot's current limitations mentioned by Professor Wu Chuanyu
A．It can't store tea buds after picking them.
B．It has low efficiency for large-stale use.
C．It's designed to work on mountains.
D．It operates with limited image data.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的“Yet the robot's efficiency needs improvement before it can be used on a wider scale.”可知，茶叶采摘机器人目前的一个限制是其效率较低，不适合大规模使用。故选B。
3．What is the goal of the researchers at Zhejiang University regarding tea roasting
A．To show the advantage of machine roasting.
B．To improve machine-roasting performance.
C．To invent a new roasting method.
D．To give up hand-roasting.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Researchers at Zhejiang University are trying to measure ...roasting methods and temperatures in real time.”可知，浙江大学的研究人员的目标是提高机器烘焙的性能。故选B。
4．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．The development and challenges of a tea-picking robot.
B．The improvement of machine-roasted tea flavor.
C．The history of tea farming in Zhejiang.
D．The limitation of tea-picking robots.
解析：主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了杭州一款茶叶采摘机器人的研发情况以及面临的挑战。故选A。
√
B
On July 14, 2017, Maryam Mirzakhani, Stanford professor of mathematics and the first female winner of the Fields Medal in Mathematics, died at the age of 40.
The news was especially hard-hitting for a generation of younger academics who have always held Maryam as a role model whose example is helping redefine women's status in science and especially in mathematics. What was fun was that Maryam always tried to avoid the media's spotlight. Despite being the first woman to gain such high status in the world of mathematics — winning what's often called the “Nobel Prize of Math” — her modesty (谦虚) and simplicity stood out to those who knew her.
Maryam originally wanted to be a writer, a passion of hers that never faded away even during her postgraduate studies. However, she found an even greater joy in how rewarding it felt to solve mathematical problems. As a student, she was the first female member of Iran's national team to participate in the International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO), and she won two gold medals in two years, which is still a record.
She received her bachelor's degree in Iran and later studied at Harvard. In 2014, Maryam was recognized with the Fields Medal, the highest-ranking award in mathematics. Her work focused on curved surfaces like spheres (球体). Her achievements have applications in other scientific fields including engineering and material science. Unfortunately, at that time she was already tackling the breast cancer.
Maryam's legend (传奇故事) may continue to grow after her early death. Still only 20 percent of full-time math teachers at American universities are women. The example of a woman who rose to the top of this still very male field may help inspire math's next generation.
In the same way people think of Marie Curie or Jane Goodall as scientific pioneers, Maryam Mirzakhani will go down in history as a trailblazer as well as a mathematical genius.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了英年早逝的数学天才、斯坦福大学数学教授、首位菲尔兹数学奖女性得主马丽安·米尔札哈尼对数学的贡献及其影响，她将作为开路先锋和数学天才被载入史册。
5．What makes Maryam internationally recognized
A．Her unfading passion for writing.
B．Fighting against sexual discrimination.
C．Being the first female Fields Medal winner.
D．Coming under the media's spotlight frequently.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“the first female winner of the Fields Medal in Mathematics”可知， 玛丽安作为首位菲尔兹数学奖女性得主而得到国际上的认可，故选项C正确。
6．What's Maryam's attitude towards fame
A．Resistant. B．Realistic.
C．Enthusiastic. D．Doubtful.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“What was fun was that Maryam always tried to avoid the media's spotlight.”可知，玛丽安对声誉持抵制态度，故选项A正确。
√
7．What can we know about Maryam
A．She won gold medals for Iran in IMO.
B．She got her bachelor's degree at Harvard.
C．She applied mathematics to material science.
D．She instructed some female students to reach the top.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“As a student, she was the first female member of Iran's national team ...in two years”可知， 玛丽安为伊朗国家队在两年内赢得两枚国际数学奥林匹克竞赛金牌，故选项A正确。
8．What does the underlined word “trailblazer” mean in the last paragraph
A．Talent. B．Model.
C．Follower. D．Pioneer.
√
解析：词义猜测题。最后一段中的“In the same way people think of Marie Curie or Jane Goodall as scientific pioneers”意为“就像人们认为玛丽·居里或珍妮·古道尔是科学先驱一样”，由此可推知画线词trailblazer意为“先驱”。故选D。句中In the same way 是做题的关键，意为“以同样的方式”。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Characteristics of an excellent scientist
The Free Dictionary defines (定义) a scientist as a person having professional knowledge on one or more sciences, especially natural science or physical science. 9 Let's look at some characteristics of an excellent scientist.
Curiosity
10 Scientists such as Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse discovered things mainly because they wanted to know how things worked. If a scientist doesn't have the drive to ask questions or even wonder, then he/she never gets to the first stage of the scientific process.
Patience
11 There are very few jobs that take longer than this one. Even if you think you have received some education in science, you still have a lot of scientific research to do. If you're an instant-gratification (即时满足的) type of person, this may not be the best choice for you.
Ethical (道德的) qualities
In order to truly discover and use knowledge for the greater good, a scientist must have a desire to improve people's life as well as the environment, since they are linked and they can affect each other in the long run. A scientist must report findings honestly regardless of personal or outside commercial (商业的) interests. Sticking to an old belief contradicted (反驳) by evidence is dishonest. 12
Working habits
An excellent scientist even takes notes of the smallest observation, keeping it in mind and recording it. 13 He/She also needs to communicate thoughts on paper and verbally. Networking skills connect him/her with colleagues working on similar projects where he/she may discover something new.
A．Becoming a scientist takes a long time.
B．An excellent scientist must be very curious about things.
C．It also defines a scientist as someone who uses scientific methods.
D．However, that belief shouldn't be changed without powerful evidence.
E．He/She can work well alone or in groups, depending on what's needed.
F．To make discoveries in human knowledge, you have to think differently.
G．One of the main places that many scientists work in is the research laboratory.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一些成功科学家们的性格特点。
9．选C 空格前指出“免费的词典”将科学家定义为对一门或多门科学的学科有专业知识的人，尤其是自然科学或物理科学，由此可知，此处也讲的是对科学家这一名词的理解。C项提出，它还将科学家定义为使用科学方法的人，符合语境。
10．选B 根据这一段的小标题 Curiosity可知，科学家们具备的一个特征就是保持好奇心，B项中的be very curious about things与之符合。
11．选A 根据小标题 Patience以及下文提到的几乎没有其他工作比这个更花费时间了可知，成为科学家需要很长一段时间，A项与之符合。
12．选D 空格上一句提到，坚持一个没有证据支撑的旧信念是不诚实的，此处提到了belief。D项指出，然而，那个信念要是没有强有力的证据是不应该被改变的，与上文意思连接紧密。
13.选E 根据小标题 Working habits可知，下面一段主要谈到工作习惯。空格前提到他们会记笔记；空格后提到他们需要口头和书面地交流他们的想法。比较选项可知，E项中指出他/她可以一个人工作得很好，也可以在团队中工作得很好，这也是一种工作习惯，符合语境。UNIT 3 课时检测(一) “Understanding ideas”的课文习读环节
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Spring is the season to harvest West Lake Longjing tea, which is now picked by not only human workers but also “metalworkers” — tea-picking robots!
At the end of March, Hangzhou welcomed its busy season of large-scale harvesting of West Lake Longjing tea.In one tea garden, a smart tea-picking robot developed by Zhejiang Sci-tech University made its first showing after five years of research and development.
With a pull and a suck (吸), the robotic arm separates the buds from the branches and then puts them into a temporary storage box.“The robot learned its skills through a recognition model that offers it a large amount of tea bud image data，” said Chen Jianneng, one of the researchers.This allows the robot to automatically identify tea buds with a success rate of over 90 percent, Chen added.
Yet the robot's efficiency needs improvement before it can be used on a wider scale.According to Professor Wu Chuanyu, leader of the research team, the robot can currently only perform the work of 1.5 workers.It would need to do the work of 5 workers for it to be possible on a larger scale.Additionally, the robot can now only be used on flat terrain (地形), not on more complex surfaces such as mountains.It may take five to ten years to realize these goals, Wu told China News.
Tea planting and processing are also transformed to become“smarter”．For example, there are special lamps that can attract pests but will not hurt other “friendly” insects.This equipment can operate 24-7, using color panels and lights to draw pests in day and night and then kill them with an electric grid.
In terms of tea roasting (炒制), although machine-roasted tea is quite widespread, many tea enthusiasts argue that this method lacks the real flavor of tea made by hand-roasting.Researchers at Zhejiang University are trying to measure the subtle differences between the two methods to improve machine performance.They're researching AI technologies to enable them to gain data and make adjustments to roasting methods and temperatures in real time.
1．According to the passage, how does the tea-picking robot identify tea buds
A．With special lighting.
B．With human guidance.
C．By using bud-detecting sensors.
D．By using image recognition technology.
2．What is one of the tea-picking robot's current limitations mentioned by Professor Wu Chuanyu
A．It can't store tea buds after picking them.
B．It has low efficiency for large-stale use.
C．It's designed to work on mountains.
D．It operates with limited image data.
3．What is the goal of the researchers at Zhejiang University regarding tea roasting
A．To show the advantage of machine roasting.
B．To improve machine-roasting performance.
C．To invent a new roasting method.
D．To give up hand-roasting.
4．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．The development and challenges of a tea-picking robot.
B．The improvement of machine-roasted tea flavor.
C．The history of tea farming in Zhejiang.
D．The limitation of tea-picking robots.
B
On July 14, 2017, Maryam Mirzakhani, Stanford professor of mathematics and the first female winner of the Fields Medal in Mathematics, died at the age of 40.
The news was especially hard-hitting for a generation of younger academics who have always held Maryam as a role model whose example is helping redefine women's status in science and especially in mathematics. What was fun was that Maryam always tried to avoid the media's spotlight. Despite being the first woman to gain such high status in the world of mathematics — winning what's often called the “Nobel Prize of Math” — her modesty (谦虚) and simplicity stood out to those who knew her.
Maryam originally wanted to be a writer, a passion of hers that never faded away even during her postgraduate studies. However, she found an even greater joy in how rewarding it felt to solve mathematical problems. As a student, she was the first female member of Iran's national team to participate in the International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO), and she won two gold medals in two years, which is still a record.
She received her bachelor's degree in Iran and later studied at Harvard. In 2014, Maryam was recognized with the Fields Medal, the highest-ranking award in mathematics. Her work focused on curved surfaces like spheres (球体). Her achievements have applications in other scientific fields including engineering and material science. Unfortunately, at that time she was already tackling the breast cancer.
Maryam's legend (传奇故事) may continue to grow after her early death. Still only 20 percent of full-time math teachers at American universities are women. The example of a woman who rose to the top of this still very male field may help inspire math's next generation.
In the same way people think of Marie Curie or Jane Goodall as scientific pioneers, Maryam Mirzakhani will go down in history as a trailblazer as well as a mathematical genius.
5．What makes Maryam internationally recognized
A．Her unfading passion for writing.
B．Fighting against sexual discrimination.
C．Being the first female Fields Medal winner.
D．Coming under the media's spotlight frequently.
6．What's Maryam's attitude towards fame
A．Resistant. B．Realistic.
C．Enthusiastic. D．Doubtful.
7．What can we know about Maryam
A．She won gold medals for Iran in IMO.
B．She got her bachelor's degree at Harvard.
C．She applied mathematics to material science.
D．She instructed some female students to reach the top.
8．What does the underlined word “trailblazer” mean in the last paragraph
A．Talent. B．Model.
C．Follower. D．Pioneer.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Characteristics of an excellent scientist
The Free Dictionary defines (定义) a scientist as a person having professional knowledge on one or more sciences, especially natural science or physical science. __9__ Let's look at some characteristics of an excellent scientist.
Curiosity
__10__ Scientists such as Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse discovered things mainly because they wanted to know how things worked. If a scientist doesn't have the drive to ask questions or even wonder, then he/she never gets to the first stage of the scientific process.
Patience
__11__ There are very few jobs that take longer than this one. Even if you think you have received some education in science, you still have a lot of scientific research to do. If you're an instant-gratification (即时满足的) type of person, this may not be the best choice for you.
Ethical (道德的) qualities
In order to truly discover and use knowledge for the greater good, a scientist must have a desire to improve people's life as well as the environment, since they are linked and they can affect each other in the long run. A scientist must report findings honestly regardless of personal or outside commercial (商业的) interests. Sticking to an old belief contradicted (反驳) by evidence is dishonest. __12__
Working habits
An excellent scientist even takes notes of the smallest observation, keeping it in mind and recording it. __13__ He/She also needs to communicate thoughts on paper and verbally. Networking skills connect him/her with colleagues working on similar projects where he/she may discover something new.
A．Becoming a scientist takes a long time.
B．An excellent scientist must be very curious about things.
C．It also defines a scientist as someone who uses scientific methods.
D．However, that belief shouldn't be changed without powerful evidence.
E．He/She can work well alone or in groups, depending on what's needed.
F．To make discoveries in human knowledge, you have to think differently.
G．One of the main places that many scientists work in is the research laboratory.
UNIT 3 课时检测(一)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了杭州一款茶叶采摘机器人的研发情况以及面临的挑战。
1．选D 细节理解题。根据第三段Chen Jianneng 说的话可知，茶叶采摘机器人是通过图像识别技术来识别茶芽的。故选D。
2．选B 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Yet the robot's efficiency needs improvement before it can be used on a wider scale.”可知，茶叶采摘机器人目前的一个限制是其效率较低，不适合大规模使用。故选B。
3．选B 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Researchers at Zhejiang University are trying to measure ...roasting methods and temperatures in real time.”可知，浙江大学的研究人员的目标是提高机器烘焙的性能。故选B。
4．选A 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了杭州一款茶叶采摘机器人的研发情况以及面临的挑战。故选A。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了英年早逝的数学天才、斯坦福大学数学教授、首位菲尔兹数学奖女性得主马丽安·米尔札哈尼对数学的贡献及其影响，她将作为开路先锋和数学天才被载入史册。
5．选C 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“the first female winner of the Fields Medal in Mathematics”可知， 玛丽安作为首位菲尔兹数学奖女性得主而得到国际上的认可，故选项C正确。
6．选A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“What was fun was that Maryam always tried to avoid the media's spotlight.”可知，玛丽安对声誉持抵制态度，故选项A正确。
7．选A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“As a student, she was the first female member of Iran's national team ...in two years”可知， 玛丽安为伊朗国家队在两年内赢得两枚国际数学奥林匹克竞赛金牌，故选项A正确。
8．选D 词义猜测题。最后一段中的“In the same way people think of Marie Curie or Jane Goodall as scientific pioneers”意为“就像人们认为玛丽·居里或珍妮·古道尔是科学先驱一样”，由此可推知画线词trailblazer意为“先驱”。故选D。句中In the same way 是做题的关键，意为“以同样的方式”。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一些成功科学家们的性格特点。
9．选C 空格前指出“免费的词典”将科学家定义为对一门或多门科学的学科有专业知识的人，尤其是自然科学或物理科学，由此可知，此处也讲的是对科学家这一名词的理解。C项提出，它还将科学家定义为使用科学方法的人，符合语境。
10．选B 根据这一段的小标题 Curiosity可知，科学家们具备的一个特征就是保持好奇心，B项中的be very curious about things与之符合。
11．选A 根据小标题 Patience以及下文提到的几乎没有其他工作比这个更花费时间了可知，成为科学家需要很长一段时间，A项与之符合。
12．选D 空格上一句提到，坚持一个没有证据支撑的旧信念是不诚实的，此处提到了belief。D项指出，然而，那个信念要是没有强有力的证据是不应该被改变的，与上文意思连接紧密。
13.选E 根据小标题 Working habits可知，下面一段主要谈到工作习惯。空格前提到他们会记笔记；空格后提到他们需要口头和书面地交流他们的想法。比较选项可知，E项中指出他/她可以一个人工作得很好，也可以在团队中工作得很好，这也是一种工作习惯，符合语境。
