UNIT 2 BRIDGING CULTURES单元精讲精练课件-人教版选择性必修第二册

(共59张PPT)
...Xie Lei chose to live with a host family, who can help with her adaptation to the new cul-
ture.……谢蕾选择住在寄宿家庭,他们可以帮助她适应新的文化。 (教材P14)
词汇拓展
①adapt v.(使)适应,适合;改编;改造
adapt to...适应……
adapt oneself to (doing) sth.使某人自己适应(做)某事
adapt sth. to do sth.改造某物以做某事
高频词汇精讲
高频词汇 情境破
词汇 1 adaptation n.适应;改编本
adapt sth. for...改造某物以适合/适应……
adapt A from B根据B改编A
adapt A for B把A改编成B
You should be able to work well in a team and adapt to an international working environment.
你应该能够在团队中很好地工作,并能够适应国际化的工作环境。 (2021北京)
After I saw the film adapted from the novel, I felt the visual shock.看了这部根据那本小说改
编的电影后,我感觉到了视觉上的震撼。
②adaptor n.(电器设备的)转接器,适配器
③adaptable adj.有适应能力的;能适应的
be adaptable to...能适应……
It is the species that are most adaptable to change that survive.生存下来的是最能适应变化的
物种。
④adaptive adj.适应的;有适应能力的
易混辨析
adapt v.(使)适应,适合;改编;改造
adopt v.采取,采纳;收养
adopt an idea采纳观点
adopt a child收养孩子
These tools have been specially adapted for use by disabled people.这些工具已经过特别改装,
供残疾人使用。
You can adopt an animal through its online adoption center.你可以通过它的在线收养中心收
养动物。
Xie Lei also found many courses included students' participation in class as part of the final re-
sult.谢蕾还发现很多课程都把学生的课堂参与作为最终成绩的一部分。(教材P15)
词汇拓展
①participate vi.参加;参与
participate in (doing) sth.参与(做)某事
Last spring, I was fortunate to be chosen to participate in the student exchange program.去年春
天,我有幸被选中参加交换生项目。 (写作·交换生)
②participant n.参与者;参加者
词汇 2 participation n.参加;参与
participate (in) 参与/参加活动、讨论等,指以一个积极的角色参加;通常可以和take part
(in)/join in互换,但participate (in)更为正式
join 指加入某党派、组织、社会团体或军队成为其中的一员,还可表示参与某种活动(宾语是活动)或加入某人/与某人一道(宾语是人);常用结构:join sb. for sth./in doing sth.
join in 通常指参加某种小型活动,尤指和其他人一起参加某项活动;常用结构:join in (doing) sth.
take part (in) 尤指参加群众性的、有组织的活动、会议、劳动、游行等,参加者往往持有积极的态度,在活动中起一定的作用
易混辨析
Would you join me for a walk 你和我一起去散步好吗
I hope you'll all join in the discussion.我希望你们都将参与讨论。
We should take an active part in school activities.我们应该积极参加学校的活动。
“Engaging in British culture has helped,” she said.她说:“融入英国文化有帮助。”
(教材P15)
情景导学
The teacher encouraged us to engage in after-school activities.老师鼓励我们参加课外活动。
The boss engaged a secretary to ease his burden.这位老板雇了一个秘书来减轻他的负担。
Government agencies began to use Weibo to better engage with the public.政府机构开始使用微
博,以更好地与公众建立密切联系。
用法归纳
①engage 　　 参与;从事
②engage sb. in...使某人参加/从事……
词汇 3 engage vi.参加;参与(活动);与……建立密切关系 vt.吸引(注意力、兴趣);雇用
in
③engage 　　 与……建立密切关系;尽力理解
④engage sb. 　　 sth.雇用某人做某事
词汇拓展
①engaging adj.有趣的;令人愉快的;迷人的
②engaged adj.忙于;从事……的;(电话线)被占用的;已订婚的
be engaged in/on sth.忙于某事;从事某事
be engaged to sb.与某人订婚
A survey shows that senior high students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier
than those who are not.一项调查显示,参加课外活动的高中生比不参加课外活动的更快乐。
(写作·课外活动)
③engagement n.订婚;约定;雇用
with
to do
As well as studying hard, I've been involved in social activities.除了努力学习之外,我还参
加社交活动。 (教材P15)
情景导学
The test will involve answering questions about current affairs.考试将包括回答一些关于时事的
问题。
Our school encourages students to involve themselves in the reading activity, which can broaden
their horizons.我们学校鼓励学生们参与到这场阅读活动中,这能够拓宽他们的视野。
用法归纳
①involve sb. 　　 sth. 使某人参与到某事中;把某人牵涉(或牵扯)到某事里
②involve 　　 sth.需要做某事;包含做某事
词汇 4 involve vt.包含;需要;涉及;影响;使参加
in
doing
词汇拓展
①involved adj.参与的;有关联的
get/become/be involved in/with参与;卷入;与……有关
The rapid development of the Internet technology makes it easier for people to be involved in/
with the project.互联网技术的迅速发展使人们更容易参与到这项工程中。
②involvement n.参与,加入,插手;投入
involvement in/with...参与/加入……
Involvement in the life of another person has enriched my life as well.参与他人的生活也丰
富了我的生活。 (写作·结尾升华)
The advisor talked about maintaining reasonable expectations when studying abroad.顾问谈
到了在国外学习时要保持合理的期望。 (教材P17)
情景导学
His performance is beyond our expectations.他的表现超出了我们的预期。
Against all expectations, they were enjoying themselves.他们过得非常快活,真是完全没想到。
To live up to parents' expectations, the boy studies harder than ever.为了不辜负父母的期望,这
个男孩比以往任何时候都更努力地学习。
用法归纳
①　　 (one's) expectations超出(某人的)预期
②　　 /contrary to (all) expectations出乎意料的是
词汇 5 expectation n.期望;预期;期待
beyond
against
③live up 　　 one's expectations不负某人所望
词汇拓展
①expect v.预料;期待;指望
expect to do sth.指望/预计会做某事
expect sb. to do sth.预料某人会做某事;期待某人做某事
be expected to do sth.预计/预期会做某事
as expected不出所料
As mentioned above, I extremely expect you to come.如上所述,我非常期待你们到来。 (写
作·邀请信)
As expected, he was admitted to a famous university.不出所料,他被一所名牌大学录取了。
to
②unexpected adj.出乎意料的
③unexpectedly adv.出乎意料地
Who will be the successful applicant for the summer job at the law firm 谁将是这家律师事
务所暑期工作的成功申请者 (教材P17)
情景导学
There are over 500 applicants for the job.有五百多人申请这份工作。
用法归纳
an applicant/applicants 　　 ...申请……的人
词汇拓展
①apply v.申请;应用;涂;涉及;有关;(对……)适用
apply to do sth.申请做某事
apply (to sb.) for sth.(向某人)申请某物
词汇 6 applicant n.申请人
for
apply to...与……有关;适用于……
apply...to...把……应用于……;把……涂到……上
apply oneself to (doing) sth.专心致志地做某事;努力做某事(to为介词,后接名词、代词或动名
词)
The rules of safe driving apply to everyone, without exception.安全驾驶规则适用于每一个
人,没有例外。
I'm writing to apply (to you) for the job advertised in the newspaper.我写信是为了(向您)申请
在报纸上登广告的那份工作。 (写作·申请信)
Only when you apply yourself to the study can you make great progress in a short time.只有当
你专心致志地学习时,你才能在短时间内取得很大的进步。
②application n.申请;申请书;应用
an application form申请表
Exposure to another culture and its people can give exchange students great insights into the
world.接触另一种文化和它的人民可以使交换生很好地了解世界。 (教材P17)
情景导学
Humans may suffer from a fever and headaches after exposure to the virus.接触了这种病毒后,
人类有可能会发烧和头疼。
用法归纳
exposure 　　 ...接触……
词汇拓展
expose vt.使暴露(于险境);使面临(危险或不快);显露;使接触,使体验;揭露
expose...to...使……暴露在……之下;使……接触……;使……面临……(被动语态be exposed
词汇 7 exposure n.接触;体验;暴露;揭露
to
to...)
Doctors say that being exposed to sunlight for a long time is harmful to one's skin.医生说长时
间暴露在阳光下对人的皮肤有害。
Tuition fees and living expenses are much more expensive than at home...学费和生活开销
比国内高得多…… (教材P20)
情景导学
She spares no expense in educating her children.对教育子女她不惜费用。
I think it's unwise of you to build up your business at the expense of your health.我认为你以牺牲
健康为代价来发展事业是不明智的。
If the computer breaks down within the first three months, we will repair it at our expense.如果这
台电脑在前三个月内坏了,我们就会出钱修理它。
用法归纳
①　　 one's expense由某人付费
词汇 8 expense n.费用;花费;开销
at
②spare no expense in 　　 sth.不惜代价/不惜费用做某事
③at the expense 　　 ...以……为代价;在牺牲/损害……的情况下
词汇拓展
expensive adj.昂贵的
doing
of
Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new sur-
roundings.在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时,有些人可能会感到吃力,并承受文化冲击的折
磨。 (教材P20)
情景导学
Only after we have learned the table manners can we know how to behave ourselves at table.我们
只有学习了餐桌礼仪之后才能知道怎样在吃饭时举止得体。 (写作·餐桌礼仪)
用法归纳
①behave 　　 表现得体;行为规矩
②well-behaved adj.表现好的
badly-behaved adj.表现差的
词汇 9 behave vt.表现 vi.& vt.表现得体;有礼貌
oneself
词汇拓展
behaviour n.举止;行为
good/bad behaviour良好/恶劣行为
Other students are not mature enough to handle the challenges by themselves and may be-
come depressed.另一些学生则还不够成熟,无法独立应付各种挑战,因而可能会感到沮丧。
(教材P20)
情景导学
He seemed depressed about his situation after he retired.他退休后似乎对自己的处境感到沮
丧。
用法归纳
be/seem/look depressed 　　 ...似乎/看上去对……感到沮丧
词汇拓展
①depress vt.使沮丧;使忧愁
词汇 10 depressed adj.沮丧的;意志消沉的
about
It depresses/depressed sb. that...……让某人沮丧。
What depresses/depressed sb. is/was that...让某人沮丧的是……
②depressing adj.令人忧愁的;令人沮丧的
Everything is a bit depressing at the moment.现在一切都有点令人沮丧。
③depression n.抑郁,沮丧;萧条期,不景气
...young people who will contribute to the economy and further strengthen our country.……
将为经济做出贡献并进一步增强我国实力的年轻人。 (教材P20)
词汇拓展
①strength n.长处,优势;力气
strengths and weaknesses强项和弱项;优缺点
Knowing your strengths and weaknesses will help you achieve your dreams.了解你的优缺点
将帮助你实现梦想。 (写作·建议信)
②strong adj.强大的;强的;强壮的
词汇 11 strengthen vi.& vt.加强;增强;巩固
特别提醒
有些形容词后面加上后缀-en可变为动词,这些词变为动词后具有“使变得……”之意,如
short→shorten、broad→broaden、deep→deepen、quick→quicken、sharp→sharpen等。
To sum up, one cannot deny the fact that studying abroad has its disadvantages...总之,我们
无法否认的事实是:出国留学有其弊端……(教材P20)
情景导学
They all denied ever having seen her.他们全都否认曾见过她。
It's right of you to deny your answers to others during the exam.你在考试时不给别人看你的答
案是对的。
No one can deny the fact that a person's education is the most important aspect of his life.没有人
可以否认这个事实——一个人的教育是其人生中最重要的一方面。
There is no denying that/It can't be denied that the earlier we are prepared, the better chances we
will have.不可否认,我们准备得越早,我们有的机会就会越好。
词汇 12 deny vt.否认;否定;拒绝
用法归纳
①deny　　 sth.否认做某事
②deny the fact that...否认……的事实
③deny sth. 　　 sb.=deny sb. sth.拒绝给予某人某物
④There is 　　 denying that.../It can't be denied that...无可否认……
doing
to
no
词汇 释义 用法& 拓展
complex adj.复杂的;难懂的; (语法)复合的 complex roots复杂的根系(2023北京)
complicated adj.复杂的;难懂的
simple adj.简单的
recall vt.& vi.记起;回想起 recall doing sth.回想起做某事
前缀re-表示“再,又”,如re-view复习、
rebuild重建、re-new重新开始等
高频词汇积累
qualification n.(通过考试或学习课程取得
的)资格;学历;条件 have qualifications to do sth.有资格/资历做某事
qualify vt.& vi.(使)具备资格;(使)合格;(使)有权
qualified adj.符合资格的
ambition n.追求的目标;夙愿;野心;雄
心;抱负;理想 ambitious adj.有野心的;有雄心的
be ambitious for...渴望……;对……有雄心/野心
comfort n.安慰;令人感到安慰的人或事物;舒服;安逸 vt.安慰;抚慰 your comfort zone你的舒适区(2023新课标Ⅱ)
(un)comfortable adj.(不)舒适的
a comfortable bed一张舒适的床(2021新高考Ⅰ)
presentation n.报告;陈述;出示;拿出;发布
会;颁奖仪式 present v.颁发;赠送;提交 adj.现在的;出席的 n.现在(常与the连用);礼物
at present目前　be present at...出席……
present sb. with sth.=present sth. to sb.把某物赠送/授予/颁发给某人
motivated adj.积极的;主动的 motivate vt.成为……的动机;激发;激励
motivate sb. to do sth.激励某人做某事
motivation n.动机;动力;积极性
firm n.公司;商行;事务所 adj.结实
的;牢固的;坚定的;严格的 adv.坚定地 v.使坚固 be firm with...对……严格
hold firm to...坚持/坚信……
firmly adv.坚固地;坚定地
insight n.洞察力;眼光;洞悉;了解 historical insights历史见解(2020新高考Ⅰ)
insight into...对……的洞悉
departure n.离开;启程;出发 departure times出发时间(2023浙江1月)
departure from...从……离开
depart v.离开
grasp vt.理解;领会;抓紧 n.紧抓;紧
握;控制;理解;领会;能力所及
(生义) have a good grasp of...对……的理解力强
within/beyond one‘s grasp在某人力所能及的范围内/超出某人力所能及的范围
surroundings n.[pl.]环境;周围的事物 surrounding adj.周围的;附近的
surround v.围绕,环绕
be surrounded with/by...被……围绕
optimistic adj.乐观的;抱乐观看法的 be optimistic about...对……乐观
pessimistic adj.悲观的,悲观主义的
be pessimistic about...对……悲观
gain vt.获得;赢得;取得;增加 n.好
处;增加 gain weight 增重(2021新高考Ⅰ)
No pain, no gain.不劳则无获。
competence n.能力;胜任;本领 competent adj.有能力的;称职的
be competent to do sth.有能力做某事;能胜任某事
cooperate vi.合作;协作;配合 cooperate with...与……合作
cooperation n.[U]合作;协作
budget n.预算 v.编制预算 on a budget钱不多的　within/on budget在预算内
over budget超出预算
in summary 总的来说;总之 in a word总之　on the whole总的说来
in conclusion总之　in short/brief简言之
in general总的说来
It was the first time that she had left China.这是她第一次离开中国。 (教材P14)
情景导学
It was the first time that China's lecture had been delivered from the space station.这是中国第一
次在宇宙空间站里授课。
This is the first time that I've come to London, so I would like to try something typically British.
这是我第一次来伦敦,所以我想尝试一些典型的英国风格的东西。
用法归纳
在“It/This/That is/was the first/second/...time that...”中,当主句用一般现在时时,that从句常用
经典结构 情境破
结构 1 It/This/That is/was the first/second/...time that...这/那是(某人/某物)第一次/第二次/第……次……
①　　　　　 ;当主句用一般过去时时,that从句常用②　　　　　 ,有时也可以用一般过
去时。
结构拓展
　　“It is (about/high) time+that从句”意为“是时候……了”,that从句常使用虚拟语气,即
从句谓语动词用过去式或“should+动词原形”的形式(注意should不能省略)。
It is the first time that he has come to our school and now it is high time that he was shown
around.这是他第一次来我们学校,现在到了领着他参观的时间了。
现在完成时
过去完成时
The first time that she had to write an essay...她第一次必须写论文时…… (教材P14)
情景导学
I thought she was nice and honest the first time I met her.我第一次见到她时就觉得她友好且诚
实。
用法归纳
　　the first time(that)可用作　　 ,引导时间状语从句,表示“第一次……时”。
结构拓展
　　可以引导时间状语从句的名词短语式连词还有every time、each time、the last time、the
moment、the minute、the instant等。
The moment my alarm clock went off, I jumped out of the bed, got dressed as quickly as I
结构 2 the first time (that)... 第一次……时
连词
could and rushed downstairs to catch the school bus.闹钟一响,我就跳下床,尽快穿好衣服,冲下
楼去赶校车。 (读后续写·动作描写)
Every time I saw her in the office, Miss Ma was checking our homework carefully.每次我在
办公室看到马老师,她都在仔细检查我们的作业。 (写作·钦佩的人)
the first time 连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“第一次……时”
for the first time 介词短语,意为“第一次”,在句子中作状语
易混辨析
　 The first step is to go exploring, if you're out of your comfort zone or if you're wandering
into somebody's house for the first time.如果你离开了你的舒适区,或者如果你是第一次走进
某人的房子,第一步就是去探索。(2021全国乙)
A final point to consider is that while studying abroad does have potential benefits...最后要
考虑的一点是,尽管出国留学确实有潜在的好处…… (教材P20)
情景导学
As a famous teacher, he did have his own unique style of teaching.作为名师,他确实有自己独特
的教学方式。
I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep smiling.我的确知
道店员会有多沮丧,但我努力说服他们保持微笑。 (2020全国Ⅲ)
用法归纳
强调谓语动词时要用　　 、　　 、　　 ,意为“确实;真的”,且只能用于一般现在时
或一般过去时的肯定句中。
结构 3 “do/does/did+动词原形” 表示强调
do
does
did
特别提醒
do、does、did只能对谓语进行强调;而强调句型“It is/was...that/who...”可以用来强调主
语、宾语或状语,一般不能用来强调谓语、表语。
Sentence 1
译文　她第一次写论文时,导师跟她解释说,如果引用别人的观点就一定要注明,不过他主要
还是想了解她本人的观点!
时间
宾语
条件
宾语
长难句 图解
Sentence 2
译文　最后要考虑的一点是,尽管出国留学确实有潜在的好处,但是在中国学习的年轻人也
一样有美好的未来可以期待!
让步
表语
定语
Sentence 3
译文　因此,中国需要更多有才华、有国际视野、精通多种语言、有领导能力和组织能力以
及有强烈文化意识的年轻人。
定语
　　当一个从句的性质相当于一个名词,并在句中作主语、宾语、表语或同位语时,这个从
句被称为名词性从句。
一、名词性从句的分类

复习名词性从句
必备语法 情景破
二、名词性从句的引导词
从属连词 that、whether、if、because、as if/though
连接代词 what、which、who、whom、whatever、whichever、whoever、whomever、whose
连接副词 when、where、how、why、whenever、wherever
1.从属连词that的用法
情景导学
That he is still alive is sheer luck.他还活着纯粹是幸运。
John said (that) he was leaving for London on Wednesday.约翰说他星期三要去伦敦。
The fact that he has fully recovered makes me happy.他完全康复了的事实令我高兴。
The teacher told the students (that) they should hand in their homework the next day and that the
homework must be signed by their parents.老师告诉学生们他们应该第二天交作业,并且作业
必须由父母签字。
用法归纳
(1)that引导名词性从句时,只起①　　 作用,在从句中不作任何成分,也没有词义。
(2)that引导名词性从句时的省略问题:
连接
a.that引导的主语从句位于②　　 时,that不可省略。
b.当动词后带有一个that引导的宾语从句时,that常可省略;当动词后带有多个that引导的宾语
从句时,第一个that可以省略,而其他的that一般③　　 省略。
c.当that引导的宾语从句前有it作形式宾语时,that一般不可省略。
d.当that引导的宾语从句是以that/this作主语时,that常不可省略。
e.引导表语从句和④　　 从句时,that一般不可省略。
2.从属连词whether/if的用法
情景导学
It is not clear if he will come or not.他来不来还不太清楚。
There is some doubt whether he will come.他是否会来还不一定。
The question is whether this idea can be put into practice.问题是这一想法是否能付诸实践。
句首
不可
同位语
Everything depends on whether we have enough money.一切都取决于我们是否有足够的钱。
Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.月球上是否有生命是个有趣的问
题。
Nobody knows if/whether he likes Mary or not.=Nobody knows whether or not he likes Mary.没
人知道他是否喜欢玛丽。
用法归纳
(1)if/whether引导的名词性从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问句转化而来的,whether与if表示
“⑤　　 ”,只起连接作用,在从句中不作任何成分。
(2)whether和if有时可互换,但在下列情况下,只可用whether:
a.引导主语从句并位于⑥　　 时(if引导主语从句时,只能用it作形式主语,if引导的主语从
句后置)。
是否
句首
b.引导⑦　　 从句和同位语从句时。
c.引导的从句作介词的⑧　　 时。
d.后紧跟or not时。
3.连接代词who、whom、whose、what、which和连接副词where、why、when、how的用法
情景导学
I don't know who did it.我不知道这件事是谁做的。
What we see may not be true.我们所看到的可能并不是真的。
Do you know whom/who they are looking for 你知道他们在找谁吗
When we shall meet again is unknown.我们什么时候会再见是未知的。
用法归纳
　　连接代词、连接副词引导的名词性从句由特殊疑问句转化而来。它们的特点是:
表语
宾语
(1)连接代词、连接副词保留自己的疑问含义。
(2)连接代词在从句中充当句子成分,如⑨　　 、⑩　　 、定语,连接副词在从句中作
　　 。
(3)连接代词、连接副词引导的从句一律用 　　 语序,不能用疑问句语序。
4.whatever、whoever、whichever的用法
情景导学
You can get whichever you like.你喜欢哪个就拿哪个。
I will just say whatever comes into my mind.我想到什么就会说什么。
Whoever breaks the rules will be punished.任何违反规定的人都会受到惩罚。
用法归纳
　　whatever、whoever、whichever常引导 　　 从句和宾语从句,并在从句中作 　
主语
宾语
状语
陈述句
主语
主语
、宾语。在此用法中,whatever、whoever、whichever在从句中不含疑问意义。whatever=
anything that;whoever=anyone who/the person or people who。
三、it作形式主语或形式宾语的名词性从句
情景导学
I think it best that you should stay here.我认为你最好留在这里。
I like it when people are open and straight.我喜欢人们坦诚相待。
It is not yet decided who will do that job.谁来做那项工作还没有决定。
It is still unknown which team will win the match.哪支球队将赢得这场比赛尚不清楚。
We need to see to it that the guests are satisfied with us.我们需要确保客人对我们满意。
It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.很明显,整个项目注定要失败。
You may find it amazing that so many people have made it.这么多人成功了,你可能会发现这是
令人惊奇的。
用法归纳
(1)that引导主语从句时,通常用 　　 作形式主语,而将that从句置于句末。
(2)which、who、what等引导主语从句且从句较长时也常用 　　 作形式主语,而将真正
的主语置于句末。
(3)动词think、find、feel、consider、make等后面有 　　　　 时,常使用it作形式宾语,而
将真正的宾语移至宾语补足语后面。
(4)表示喜爱、憎恶等感情的动词enjoy、hate、love、like、dislike、appreciate以及表示确保
的see to后不能直接跟宾语从句,需用it作形式宾语,再跟宾语从句。
it
it
宾语补足语
即时巩固
单句语法填空
1.(2022全国乙)The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact 　　　　
your friend may feel abandoned.
2.(2022全国甲)We can't seem to make up our minds 　　　　 we want a modern city or a tra-
ditional one.
3.(2022新高考Ⅰ)First of all, decide 　　　　 you want from that person.
4.(2020全国Ⅲ)I would truly appreciate it 　　　　 you are willing to give a hand to us.
5.(2020江苏)If I hadn't been faced with so many barriers, I wouldn't be 　　　　 I am.
6.　　　　 you said at the meeting yesterday cheered us up.
7.He always participated to the best of his ability in 　　　　 they were doing.
that
whether
what
if
where
What
whatever/what
8.Because I didn't know 　　　　 I could solve this problem, I had to ask for help.
9.He made a mistake again. That was 　　　　 he didn't understand what the teacher said.
10.It is clear 　　　　 various ways to learn English beyond the classroom are available to
students.
how
because
that