UNIT 4 JOURNEY ACROSS A VAST LAND单元精讲精练课件-人教版选择性必修第二册

(共60张PPT)
Later, they took a pleasant hike in a forest just a short distance away.随后,她们在不远处的森林
里愉快地徒步旅行。(教材P38)
情景导学
It's good manners to be pleasant to our guests.对我们的客人友好是有礼貌的。
用法归纳
be pleasant 　　 sb. 对某人友好
高频词汇精讲
高频词汇 情境破
词汇 1 pleasant adj.令人愉快的;友好的;和善的
to
特别提醒
pleasant既可以表示事物是令人愉快的,也可以表示人是友好的或笑容、声音等是和善的,如:
a pleasant climate/evening/place令人愉快的气候/夜晚/地方
a pleasant young man彬彬有礼的年轻人
a pleasant smile/voice/manner 和蔼可亲的笑容/声音/态度
I hope you'll have a pleasant journey.祝你(们)旅途愉快。 (写作·旅游)
词汇拓展
①pleasantly adv.令人愉快地
②pleasantness n.愉快
He remembered the pleasantness of the evening.他对那个愉快的夜晚记忆犹新。
③unpleasant adj.令人不愉快的;不友好的
④please v.使满意;使愉快
Mary was willing to talk with me about her worries, which pleased me.玛丽愿意和我谈谈她
的烦心事,这让我很高兴。
⑤pleased adj.高兴的;满意的;乐意的
displeased adj.不快的;不满的;生气的
be pleased/displeased with...对……满意/不满意
She was displeased with absolutely everything and nothing was right.她对一切都不满意,没有
一件事是对的。 (2020全国Ⅲ改编)
⑥pleasing adj.令人愉快的;令人满意的
⑦pleasure n.愉快;高兴;快事
with pleasure (客气地接受或同意)当然了,很愿意;(方式状语)愉快地
It's a pleasure./(It's)My pleasure.(用于对别人表示感谢的礼貌回答)别客气/很乐意效劳。
—Can you give me a glass of water
—With pleasure.
——你能给我一杯水吗
——当然可以。
When she was told that the customer was pleased with the pleasing design, a wave of pleasure
also welled up inside her.当她得知顾客对那种令人愉悦的设计很满意,一阵喜悦也涌上她的
心头。 (读后续写·情感描写)
The next morning, the two girls arose early to take the train to Lake Louise, passing through
the Canadian Rockies.第二天早上,这两个女孩早早起床,坐火车穿过加拿大的落基山脉去路
易斯湖。 (教材P38)
情景导学
Your illness arose from/out of the lack of exercise and your unhealthy diet, so I hope you can take
the following suggestions into consideration.你生病是由缺乏锻炼和你的不健康的饮食引起
的,所以我希望你能考虑以下建议。 (写作·建议信)
词汇 2 arise vi. (arose, arisen) 起身;出现;由……引起
用法归纳
arise　　　 /　　 ...由……引起,因……产生
特别提醒
arise多表示抽象事物的出现、发生,如situation、condition、occasion、problem、dispute(争
端)、crisis、need、opportunity、chance等。
Children should be educated when the need arises.必要时孩子应该受到教育。
from
out of
易混词 过去式、过去分词 含义及用法
arise arose, arisen 起身;出现,产生(主语一般为抽象名词,无被动语态)
rise rose, risen 上升;增加;增强;升起(说明主语自身移向更高的位置)
raise raised, raised 举起,提起;提高,增加;饲养;养育(说明主语发出的动作作用
于其他人或事物)
易混辨析
When the teacher came into the classroom, all the students arose immediately.当老师走进教
室时,所有的学生立刻站了起来。
The sun was rising when we got to the top of the mountain.当我们到达山顶时,太阳正在升
起。
Measures should be taken to raise public awareness of environmental protection.应当采取措
施提高公众的环境保护意识。 (写作·环境保护)

情景助记
When the train arrived at the station, they took a taxi to Lake Louise, where the blue water
literally took their breath away with its exceptional beauty.火车到站后,她们乘坐出租车前往路
易斯湖,那里湛蓝的湖水异常美丽,简直令她们惊叹不已。 (教材P38)
情景导学
I took a deep breath and gradually calmed down.我深吸一口气,逐渐冷静下来。
When we paused to catch our breath, Steve got down on one knee.当我们停下来喘口气时,史蒂
夫单膝跪下了。 (2022全国甲)
By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly.跑到17英里的时候,我
就气喘吁吁,曾经受伤的那只脚踝疼得厉害。 (读后续写·动作描写)
I turned up the volume and stood staring at the radio,holding my breath and waiting for the first
词汇 3 breath n.呼吸的空气;一次吸入的空气
notes of the song.我把音量调大,站在那里盯着收音机,屏住呼吸,等待着这首歌的前几个音
符。
用法归纳
①　　 breath喘不过气来
②　　 one's breath喘口气
③　　 one's breath屏住呼吸
④take a deep breath深吸一口气
⑤take one's breath away令某人惊叹
词汇拓展
①breathe v.呼吸
breathe in吸气;吸入(气体)
out of
catch
hold
breathe out呼气;呼出(气体)
Most people don't realize that they are breathing in polluted air, so it is necessary for us to put
up the posters about environmental pollution.大多数人没有意识到自己正在吸入被污染了的空
气,因此对我们来说张贴这些关于环境污染的海报是有必要的。 (写作·保护环境)
②breathless adj.(令人)气喘吁吁的; (令人)屏息的
③breathing n.呼吸
Deep breathing exercises will help you relax.深呼吸运动有助于放松自己。
④breathtaking adj.激动人心的;惊人的
What is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.这次经历如此激
动人心之处在于超凡脱俗的景色。 (2021新高考Ⅰ)
They spent the night, and then took a coach bound north through the Canadian Rockies to
Jasper.她们过了一夜,然后乘坐长途汽车,向北穿越加拿大的落基山脉,来到贾斯珀。 (教材
P38)
情景导学
Where can I catch the bus bound for Beverly Hills 我到哪儿能赶上前往贝弗利希尔斯的巴士呢
She's too bound up in her work to have much time for her children.她工作太忙,没有很多时间陪
孩子。
Through this activity, the foreign students are bound to gain a better understanding of traditional
Chinese culture.通过这次活动,外国学生一定会更好地了解中国传统文化。 (写作·文化交流）
词汇 4 bound adj.准备前往(某地);一定会 v.跳跃着跑
Right as I was about to give up, a small truck with a Mexican family inside pulled over, and the
father bounded out.就在我要放弃的时候,一辆小卡车靠边停了下来,车里有一家墨西哥人,那
位父亲跳了出来。 (读后续写·动作描写)
用法归纳
①be bound 　　　 sth. 一定会做某事
②(be) bound 　　　 ... 准备前往……
③be bound 　　 in sth.忙于某事;热衷于某事
④bound out 　　　
to do
for
up
跳出来
特别提醒
教材原句中的north是副词,所以bound后面没有加介词for。head作动词时也有类似用法,如流)
head for the airport 往机场方向走,head west 往西走。
Edmonton is freezing cold in winter, with daily temperatures averaging -10℃.埃德蒙顿的
冬天极为寒冷,日平均气温为零下10摄氏度。 (教材P38)
特别提醒
freezing既可以作形容词修饰名词,如freezing fog(冰雾),也可以作副词修饰形容词,如上面教
材原句中的freezing cold(极为寒冷)。
词汇拓展
①freeze v.(使)结冰; (使)冻住; (使)冻死; (因害怕等)停住不动; 惊呆
freeze to death冻死
When she heard the news, the smile froze on her face.当她听到这个消息时,她脸上的笑容僵
词汇 5 freezing adj.极冷的;冰冻的 adv.极冷地
住了。 (读后续写·神态描写)
②frozen adj.冷冻的;冻僵;结冰的;吓呆
Seeing this terrible scene, they were frozen with fear/terror/fright.看到这可怕的一幕,他们吓
呆了。 (读后续写·神态描写)
③freezer n.冰柜;冷冻室
Frozen bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the
freezer.冷冻的香蕉可以保存几个星期,这取决于它们的成熟度和冰柜的温度。
However, they did not anticipate seeing such an open country, and were truly amazed.然而,
她们没有预料到会看到一个如此空旷的国家,确实感到惊讶。 (教材P39)
情景导学
It is anticipated that the prices will go down in the near future.据预测,在不久的将来,物价会降。
As the saying goes, “In heaven there is paradise, and on earth there are Suzhou and
Hangzhou.” I anticipate going to Suzhou and Hangzhou with my parents one day.常言道:“上
有天堂,下有苏杭。”我期望有一天和我的父母一起去苏州和杭州。 (写作·旅游)
用法归纳
①anticipate (　　 ) sth. 期望(做)某事;预期(做)某事
词汇 6 anticipate vt.预料;预见;期望
doing
②It is anticipated that...　　　　　
词汇拓展
anticipation n.预料,预见;期望
in anticipation of...预料……的发生
Judy bought many toys in anticipation of many children taking part in that party.预料到很多孩
子会参加那场聚会,朱迪买了很多玩具。
据预测……
Well,contrary to what many people believe, there are a lot of vast and empty spaces in Chi-
na, actually.嗯,与许多人认为的那样相反,事实上中国有很多广阔而空旷的地方。 (教材P43)
情景导学
On the contrary, he is nothing like Mr Bean.恰恰相反,他一点也不像憨豆先生。
There are also some students who hold a point of view to the contrary.也有一些学生持有相反的
观点。 (写作·辩论式议论文)
His answer is contrary to yours, so I need more evidence to judge who is right.他的回答和你的
回答相反,所以我需要更多的证据来判断谁是正确的。
词汇 7 contrary adj.相反的;相对立的 n.相反的事实(或事情)
用法归纳
①(be) contrary　　　 与……相反;与……相对立
②　　　 the contrary恰恰相反(用来表示后面的情况与前面的情况相反,常作插入语)
③　　　 the contrary相反的;相反地 (用来展示或证明相反的东西,可作后置定语,也可作状
语)
to
on
to
...they only had a few hours to kill before they had to proceed to the next leg of their trip to
Montreal...……在前往她们旅程的下一站蒙特利尔之前,她们只有几个小时可以消磨……
(教材P44)
情景导学
He took off his coat and proceeded to undo his shoes.他脱掉了外衣,接着又解开了鞋子。
We're not sure whether we still want to proceed with the sale.我们不确定是否还要继续减价促
销。
用法归纳
①proceed 　　 sth.继续做(或从事、进行)某事
②proceed 　　 sth.接着做;继而做(另一件事)
词汇 8 proceed vi.行进;继续做;接着做
with
to do
③proceed to Gate 12前往12号登机口
④proceed against sb.起诉某人
词汇拓展
proceeding n.诉讼;[pl.]事件,过程;会议记录
It is strongly demanded that the conference proceedings be published.强烈要求公开会议记
录。
Standing in the distance, they were astonished to see misty clouds rising from the great Nia-
gara Falls, which is on the south side of the lake.她们站在远处,看到从湖南边的尼亚加拉大瀑
布上升腾而起的水雾,感到非常震撼。 (教材P44)
情景导学
They were astonished to find the author was a six-year-old boy.发现作者是个六岁的男孩,他们
很吃惊。
He was astonished at the result, looking at me with his eyes widening.他对这个结果感到惊讶,
睁大了眼睛看着我。 (读后续写·神态描写)
The records show that the visitors were astonished by how rich and technologically advanced the
Ming Dynasty was.记录显示,参观者对明朝的富裕和技术先进程度感到惊讶。
词汇 9 astonished adj.感到十分惊讶的
用法归纳
①be astonished　　 /　　 sth.对某事感到惊讶
②be astonished 　　 /hear/learn/see...
吃惊地发现/听到/得知/看到……
词汇拓展
①astonish vt.使十分惊讶;使吃惊
It astonishes/astonished sb. that...令某人吃惊的是……
It astonished us that the researchers said that lightning increases the atmosphere's ability to pu-
rify itself.令我们吃惊的是,研究人员说闪电会提高大气自我净化的能力。 (China Daily)
②astonishing adj.令人十分惊讶的;使人大为惊奇的
He ran 100m in an astonishing 10.69 seconds.他以惊人的10.69秒的速度跑完了100米。
at
by
to find
③astonishingly adv.令人惊讶地
Tom took the news astonishingly well.汤姆对这个消息表现得出奇地冷静。
④astonishment n.惊讶
to one's astonishment令某人惊讶的是
with/in astonishment惊讶地;惊愕地
This little boy stared with/in astonishment at the stranger.这个小男孩惊愕地盯着陌生人。
(读后续写·神态描写)
To their mother's astonishment, the twins carried the delicious and perfect breakfast upstairs.令
他们的母亲惊讶的是,这对双胞胎把美味而完美的早餐带到了楼上。 (2021新高考Ⅰ改编)
特别提醒
astonishing一般修饰事物,表示事物的性质或特征。但当修饰表示人的表情、声音的单词
look、smile、voice、expression等时,要用astonished。
When he looks at the menu, an astonished look quickly appears on his face.当他看菜单时,他
脸上立刻露出震惊的表情。
You owe it to yourselves to stay longer.你们应该多待一会儿。 (教材P44)
情景导学
How much do I owe you for the groceries 买这些杂货我得给你多少钱
I think you owe it to yourself to have a day off.我觉得你应该给自己放一天假。
We all think we should owe our success in the English Speaking Competition to you.我们都认为
我们应该把我们在英语演讲比赛中的成功归功于您。 (写作·感谢信)
用法归纳
①owe sb. sth./owe sth. to sb. (　　 ...)(因……)欠某人债/账
②owe sth.　　 sb.把……归功于某人;欠某人情
③owe sb. a lot/a great deal非常感激某人
词汇 10 owe vt.欠(账、债、情等);忠诚
for
to
④owe it to sb.　　 sth.应该为某人做某事
⑤owe allegiance/loyalty/obedience (to sb.)(对位高权重者)忠诚,服从
词汇拓展
①owing adj.拖欠;未付;未偿还
You need to pay the amount owing, plus the interest.你需要付清欠款,外加利息。
②owing to=due to=because of由于;因为
Owing to your excellent work, every one of us has made great progress in English.由于您的出
色工作,我们每个人的英语都取得了很大的进步。 (2020浙江)
to do
词汇 释义 用法& 拓展
massive adj.巨大的;非常严重的 massively adv.极其;非常
mass n.大量;许多
literally adv.字面上;真正地 literal adj.字面意义的;完全按原文的
scenery n.风景;景色 scene n.场面,景象　view n.(从某处看到的)景色,风景
　landscape n.(陆上,尤指乡村的)风景,景色
awesome adj.令人惊叹的;可怕的;很好的 an awesome task艰巨的任务
an awesome sight惊人的奇观
高频词汇积累
highlight n.最好或最精彩的部分 vt.突
出;强调;使醒目 the highlight(s) of...……最好(或最精彩、最激动人心)的部分
highlight the whole adventure 成为整个险途中的亮点(2021新高考Ⅰ)
bunch n.束;串;捆 a bunch of一束;一串;一群;大量
light the bunch to create a torch点燃那捆(树叶)做成火把(2023浙江1月)
frost n.霜;严寒天气;霜冻 vt.使蒙
上霜 vi.结霜 frosty adj.严寒的,霜冻的;冷若冰霜的
a frosty morning/look 严寒的早晨/冷冰冰的样子
anyhow adv.(结束交谈或转换话题时)
不过;反正 anyway adv.反正;即使这样
somehow adv.以某种方式(或方法);不知怎么地
misty adj.多雾的;模糊的 a misty morning 薄雾弥漫的早晨
mist n.薄雾;水汽
advertisement n.广告;启事 an advertisement for... ……的广告
advertise v.做广告
advertiser n.广告商;登广告的人
-ment表示“行为的结果或方式”,如:development发展、
government治理、 movement移动、punishment惩罚、
a-musement娱乐、argument争论、equipment设备、
achievement成就等
photographer n.摄影师;拍照者 as a photographer 作为一名摄影师(2023全国乙)
photograph n.照片 vt.给……照相
photography n.摄影
-er表示“从事……的人;做……动作的人;与……有关的
人;具有……特性的人”。
如:designer设计师、inter-viewer采访者、reporter记者、
supporter支持者、teach-er教师、winner获胜者、
hunter猎人、speaker演讲者、prisoner囚犯、foreigner
外国人等
toast n.烤面包片;吐司;干杯 vt.为……干杯 vt. & vi.烤(尤指面包) two pieces of toast两片烤面
包片
propose a toast to... 提议为…
…干杯
Edmonton is freezing cold in winter, with daily temperatures averaging -10℃.埃德蒙顿的
冬天极为寒冷,日平均气温为零下10摄氏度。 (教材P38)
情景导学
He stood at the door, with a laptop in his hand.他站在门口,手里拿着一台笔记本电脑。
The square looks more beautiful with all the lights on.所有的灯都开着,广场看起来更漂亮了。
With so much work to do, he won't have time to go shopping this afternoon.有那么多工作要做,
他今天下午没有时间去买东西。
用法归纳
　　①with的复合结构的常见形式有:
经典结构 情境破
结构 1 with的复合结构(with+宾语+宾补)

　　②with的复合结构通常在句中作　　 ,表示伴随、原因等;也可以作定语。
状语
It was not until 9:30 a.m. that they finally reached the capital of Ontario, Toronto.直到上午9:30,
她们才终于到达安大略省的省会多伦多。 (教材P39)
特别提醒
对not...until...进行强调时,not until不能分开。
结构拓展
　　当not until...位于句首时,要用部分倒装结构。
Not until yesterday did I learn anything about it.直到昨天我才对这件事有所了解。
结构 2 not...until...的强调句型
...they were astonished to see misty clouds rising from the great Niagara Falls...……她们看
到从尼亚加拉大瀑布上升腾而起的水雾,感到非常震撼…… (教材P44)
情景导学
I saw him enter the building by the back door.我看到他从后门进了大楼。
We all hope to see the contract carried out smoothly.我们都希望看到合同被顺利执行。
The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and out-
side the City Wall.(西安)城墙高12米,从这里你能看到川流不息的人群从城墙进出。 (2021
全国甲)
结构 3 “see+宾语+宾补”结构
用法归纳
①see+宾语+　　 sth. 看见……正在做某事(看见动作正在进行)
②see+宾语+do sth.看见……做某事(看见动作的整个过程)
③see+宾语+done看见……被做
doing
Sentence 1
译文　火车到站后,她们乘坐出租车前往路易斯湖,那里湛蓝的湖水异常美丽,简直令她们惊
叹不已。
长难句 图解
时间
非限制性定语
Sentence 2
译文　她们穿越了两个种植小麦的省份,在那里她们看到了一片片广阔的农场。
非限制性定语
限制性定语
Sentence 3
译文 窗外的灌木丛和枫树林是红色、金色和橙色的,地上结了霜,这证明秋天已经来到了
加拿大。
并列分句
宾语
Sentence 4
译文　李黛予和表妹来到加拿大最大、最富有的城市多伦多后,只有几个小时的时间可以消
磨,然后就得继续前往旅程的下一站蒙特利尔,因此她们就在多伦多逛了逛。
时间
时间
并列分句
Sentence 5
译文　她们站在远处,看到从湖南面的尼亚加拉大瀑布上升腾而起的水雾,感到非常震撼。
非限制性定语
一、过去分词作表语(与现在分词的比较)
1.过去分词与现在分词作表语的区别
情景导学
He is terrifying.他很吓人。(指他令人害怕)
He is terrified.他很害怕。(指他感到害怕)
Please describe a dog that is frightened.请描述一只受惊的狗。(狗受到了惊吓)
Please describe a dog that is frightening.请描述一只令人害怕的狗。(狗是令人害怕的)
过去分词作表语、状语和定语(与现在分词的比较)
必备语法 情景破
用法归纳
作表语的过去分词与现在分词往往已经被形容词化。当表示主语处于某种状态,即“感到/
觉得……”时,表语要使用①　　　 ;而要表示主语具有“令人感到……”的特征/性质时,
表语使用②　　　 。
　　常用的这类词还有:
现在分词 过去分词
amazing令人惊奇的 amazed感到惊奇的
astonishing令人惊讶的 astonished感到惊讶的
delighting令人高兴的 delighted高兴的
disappointing令人失望的 disappointed感到失望的
过去分词
现在分词
discouraging令人灰心的 discouraged灰心的
encouraging令人鼓舞的 encouraged受到鼓舞的
exciting令人激动的 excited激动的;兴奋的
interesting有趣的 interested感兴趣的
moving感人的 moved受感动的
surprising令人吃惊的 surprised感到吃惊的
tiring 累人的 tired感到疲倦的
2.过去分词作表语与被动语态的差异
情景导学
The cup is broken.杯子碎了。(系表)
The cup was broken by Tom.杯子被汤姆打碎了。(被动)
用法归纳
　　作表语的过去分词表示主语的特点或所处的状态,前面的be为系动词,这时的过去分词
往往已经转化成了③　　 ,这种结构中的过去分词前可加quite、very、rather等修饰词。
构成被动语态的过去分词表示动作,其中的be为助动词,强调被动关系,绝大多数被动语态中
的行为执行者可以由by引出。
形容词
二、过去分词作状语(与现在分词的比较)
1.过去分词作状语
情景导学1
Asked what had happened, he lowered his head.当被问到发生了什么事情的时候,他低下了
头。(表时间)
Encouraged by the teacher, the girl was very happy.由于受到了老师的鼓励,那个女孩很高兴。
(表原因)
Given more attention, the fire could have been avoided.如果多加注意,这场火灾本来是可以避
免的。(表条件)
Surrounded by his students, the teacher went into the lab.老师在学生们的簇拥下走进实验室。
(表伴随)
Left alone at home, Jenny didn't feel afraid at all.虽然珍妮被独自留在家里,但她一点也不感到
害怕。(表让步)
用法归纳1
　　过去分词作状语时,其逻辑主语通常要与句子主语④　　 ,其表示的动作与句子的主
语之间为逻辑上的⑤　　　 。过去分词在句中可以作时间状语、原因状语、条件状语、
让步状语、伴随状语或方式状语。
情景导学2
If accepted for this post, you will be informed next week.如果你被接受担任这个职位,将在下周
通知你。
用法归纳2
　　当过去分词作状语时,有时可以在前面加上when、while、if、unless、once、even
though、although等⑥　　　 。
一致
被动关系
连词
情景导学3
The test finished, we began our holiday.考试结束了,我们开始放假了。
More time given to us, we should have done the job much better.如果给我们更多的时间,我们会
把工作做得更好。
用法归纳3
当过去分词的逻辑主语与句子主语⑦　　　 时,可以保留其逻辑主语。我们称这种带逻辑
主语的分词结构为独立主格结构。
情景导学4
Satisfied with the result of the exam, her parents bought her this gift.由于对这次考试的结果很
满意,她的父母给她买了这件礼物。
Occupied in writing his novel, he has no time to go outside and swim with his friends.由于忙于
写小说,他没有时间去外面和他的朋友们游泳。
不一致
用法归纳4
　　有些过去分词短语作状语时侧重描述主语所处的⑧　　　 ,这些过去分词短语源于系
表结构。常见的有:absorbed in、engaged in/on、buried in、occupied in/with、exposed to、
based on、satisfied with等。
2.过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别
情景导学1
状态
用法归纳1
　　分词在句子中作状语时,分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。使用哪种分词,取决于分
词表示的动作与句子主语之间的关系:通常被动关系用⑨　　　 ,主动关系用⑩　　 。
情景导学2
Having finished the work, he went home.做完工作后,他回家了。
Walking along the street, I saw an old friend.沿着这条街走时,我看见了一位老朋友。
Having been raised on a farm, Tim knows a lot about farm animals.由于在农场长大,蒂姆对农
场的动物了解得很多。
过去分词
现在分词
用法归纳2
　　过去分词作状语时,没有被动式和完成式;而现在分词作状语时,有四种形式:一般式的主
动形式(doing)、一般式的被动形式(being done)、完成式的主动形式(having done)、完成式
的被动形式(having been done)。一般式(doing/being done)表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动
作 　　 或几乎同时发生,完成式(having done/having been done)表示的动作发生在谓语动
词表示的动作 　　 。
三、过去分词作定语(与现在分词的比较)
1.过去分词作定语
情景导学
used books旧书
a retired teacher一位退休教师
The wind raised the fallen leaves from the ground.风把落叶从地上刮了起来。
同时发生
之前
People got water by dropping a bucket tied to a rope.人们通过把绑在绳子上的桶放下去来取
水。
用法归纳
　　过去分词作定语时,其表示的动作与被修饰词之间一般为被动关系。单个的过去分词作
定语,一般放在被修饰词的前面,过去分词短语作定语,一般放在被修饰词的 　　 。
及物动词的过去分词表示被动和完成,不及物动词的过去分词不表示被动,只表示 　 。
2.过去分词与现在分词作定语的区别
情景导学1
There is a nice picture hanging on the wall.墙上挂着一幅漂亮的画。
This will be the best novel of its kind ever written.这将是这类小说中写得最好的。
后面
完成
用法归纳1
　　过去分词作定语时,其表示的动作与被修饰词之间一般为被动关系,而现在分词作定语
时,其表示的动作与被修饰词之间为 　　　 。
情景导学2
His excited expression suggested that he had got exciting marks.他兴奋的表情表明他取得了令
人兴奋的成绩。
Last night he told me the surprising news in a surprised voice.昨晚他用震惊的声音告诉了我那
个令人惊讶的消息。
用法归纳2
　　形容词化的分词作定语时,形容人的表情、声音等用 　　　 ;形容事/物用 　　 。
主动关系
过去分词
现在分词
即时巩固
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.(2023新课标Ⅰ)Shanghai may be the 　　　　 (recognize) home of the soup dumpling, but
food historians will actually point you to the neighboring ancient canal town of Nanxiang as xiao
long bao's birthplace.
2.(2022全国乙)It can help to build a community with a 　　　　 (share) future for mankind.
3.(2022北京)One theory, increasingly 　　　　 (support) by experts, suggests that smell pref-
erences are learned.
4.(2022新高考Ⅱ)Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his
arms to catch the 　　　　 (fall) child.
5.The guest walked into the room, 　　　　 (greet) by the host.
recognized
shared
supported
falling
greeted
6.The question 　　　　 (settle), all of us breathed a sigh of relief.
7.　　　　 (absorb) in painting, John didn't notice evening approaching.
8.When 　　　　 (face) with difficulties, we must try to overcome them.
9.She says she was in shock 　　　　 (see) the city after the quake at the time.
10.　　　　 (found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children's love of
art.
11.The girls were　　　　 to see such an open country. The scenery there was also very 　
　　 .(amaze)
12.The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, 　　　　 (allow) more patients
to be treated.
settled
Absorbed
faced
seeing
Founded
amazed
amazing
allowing
Ⅱ.在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式
Betty wanted to learn skiing. Last weekend, she went up the mountain. 1.　　　　 (train) by an
2.　　　　 (experience) coach, she learned very quickly. This sport was very 3.　　　　
(excite). After 4.　　　　 (practise) for hours, she decided to ski on her own. Unfortunately,
she fell on the ground while 5.　　　　 (ski) downhill(向山下). Badly 6.　　　　 (injure),
she was sent to hospital at once. On hearing the news, her parents hurried to the hospital. 7.　
　　 (know) nothing about her injury, they were 8.　　　　 (worry) all the way. Only after
they were told that Betty could recover very soon if properly 9.　　　　 (treat) did they feel
10.　　　　 (relieve).
Trained
experienced
exciting
practising
skiing
injured
Knowing
worried
treated
relieved